Method for detecting spleen volume by using three-dimensional visualization technology

Abstract

The invention provides a method for detecting the volume of a spleen by utilizing a three-dimensional visualization technology, which comprises the following steps of: importing CT (Computed Tomography) original data into Myrian Xp-Liver three-dimensional reconstruction software by utilizing the three-dimensional visualization technology, namely three-dimensional reconstruction, constructing a spleen model module, clicking the spleen by a mouse, automatically identifying the spleen by a computer according to a CT value, reconstructing a spleen model and automatically calculating the volume of the spleen. And for parts of people with overlarge identification ranges, the parts of people are trimmed layer by layer by a clinical professional physician, the parts of unidentified layers are supplemented, and the computer finally presents the volume of the spleen. When the method is used for detecting 1248 patients, the spleen volume detection accuracy rate reaches 99.8%, the spleen can be indexed, and the function of the spleen can be calculated. Meanwhile, the method has the advantages of economy, simplicity, convenience and repeatability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of spleen volume detection technology, and in particular to a method for detecting spleen volume using three-dimensional visualization technology. Background Technology

[0002] Spleen volume is related to spleen function, which is a crucial component of bodily functions, and its strength is vital to health. Previous methods for measuring spleen volume included palpation, ultrasound, estimation using CT scans of five rib units, MRI, ex vivo water displacement, and the spleen index. However, these methods are not entirely accurate, are time-consuming and laborious, and do not allow for the grading and treatment of splenomegaly. Accurate measurement of spleen volume is therefore essential for assessing spleen function and guiding treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to propose a method for detecting spleen volume using three-dimensional visualization technology. Specifically, this method utilizes three-dimensional visualization technology, also known as three-dimensional reconstruction, to import raw CT data into Myrian Xp-Liver three-dimensional reconstruction software (made in Germany) to completely construct a spleen model module. For cases with excessively large recognition areas, trimming can be performed layer by layer; any missing layers are supplemented, ultimately presenting a complete picture of the spleen volume. Figure 1 , 2 Clicking on the spleen with the mouse will cause the computer to automatically identify the spleen reconstruction model based on CT values ​​and automatically calculate the spleen volume completely.

[0004] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0005] A method for detecting spleen volume using three-dimensional visualization technology includes the following steps:

[0006] S1. Select the normal spleen group and the splenomegaly group, and compare the results of the two groups;

[0007] S2. Statistical analysis using ROC curves was used to determine the diagnostic threshold for normal splenomegaly, setting a spleen volume ≥300.0 cm³. 3 The diagnosis was splenomegaly;

[0008] S3. Using ROC curve analysis, spleen volume was divided into grades 1 (mild), 2 (moderate), 3 (severe), and 4 (extremely severe) from smallest to largest.

[0009] S4. Obtain an image of the patient's spleen volume from a clinical CT scan;

[0010] S5. Import the raw data of spleen volume from CT scan into the 3D reconstruction software, construct a spleen model, and calculate the spleen volume.

[0011] S6: Select treatment methods based on spleen volume classification.

[0012] A further approach is that, in step S3, the spleen volume of grade 1 spleen is between 300.0 and 1000.0 cm³. 3 Within the range, it was determined to be grade 1 splenomegaly.

[0013] A further approach is that, in step S3, the spleen volume for grade 2 spleens is between 1000.1 and 2000.0 cm³. 3 Within the range, it was determined to be grade 2 splenomegaly.

[0014] A further step is that, in step S3, the spleen volume at degree 3 is 2000.1–4000.0 cm³. 3 The diagnosis was grade 3 splenomegaly.

[0015] A further step is that, in step S4, the spleen volume at degree 4 is >4000.0 cm³. 3 The diagnosis was grade 4 splenomegaly.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] ① The spleen volume measured by this invention is accurate and reliable; ② The spleen volume grading (classification) provided can not only assess the size and function of the spleen; ③ but also guide treatment.

[0018] The visualization detection technology provided by this invention classifies spleen volume into grades 1, 2, 3, and 4, from smallest to largest. If a patient's spleen volume is grade 1 splenomegaly, non-surgical treatment is recommended. If the patient's spleen volume is grade 2 splenomegaly, non-surgical treatment should be attempted first, and surgery should be considered if the effect is unsatisfactory. If the patient's spleen volume is grade 3 splenomegaly, surgical treatment is recommended. If the patient's spleen volume is grade 4 splenomegaly, surgical treatment is recommended, including at least one of splenectomy, lower esophageal perivascular ligation, or liver transplantation. According to this standard, approximately 10% of patients actually require surgery, which aligns with current treatment trends.

[0019] This invention enhances the original CT scan data and uses Myrian Xp-Liver 3D reconstruction software to construct a spleen model module. The spleen volume detection accuracy reaches 99.8%, and the spleen can be graded and its function can be calculated. It also has the advantages of being economical, simple, and repeatable. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 To enhance the CT scan results;

[0021] Figure 2 Image showing the results of three-dimensional reconstruction of spleen volume;

[0022] Figure 3 ROC curve for splenomegaly;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a distribution map of splenomegaly volume;

[0024] Figure 5 ROC curve of grade 2 hypersplenism;

[0025] Figure 6 ROC curve for grade 3 hypersplenism. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0027] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the embodiments of this invention are all conventional methods.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, all materials and reagents used in the embodiments of this invention are commercially available.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] This study retrospectively collected cases of patients who underwent 128-slice three-dimensional enhanced multi-slice (thin-slice) spiral CT of the upper abdomen at the Affiliated Hainan Hospital of Hainan Medical University between May 2012 and December 2022 due to gallstones, cirrhosis, portal hypertension, splenomegaly, and hypersplenism. Patients were divided into a normal spleen group and a splenomegaly group according to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the results of the two groups were compared.

[0031] Inclusion criteria: ① Clinically diagnosed cirrhotic splenomegaly and hypersplenism; ② Splenomegaly diagnosed by a radiologist; ③ Hypersplenism that has not been treated for more than 1 year.

[0032] Exclusion criteria: ① Splenic space-occupying lesions; ② Hematologic disorders; ③ Acute or chronic infections; ④ Portal vein embolism;

[0033] ⑤ Immune system diseases; ⑥ Acute and chronic hemorrhagic diseases; ⑦ Splenic infarction; ⑧ Individuals with uneven spleen density.

[0034] The normal spleen group consisted of 585 cases, replaced by cases with gallstones (excluding those with cirrhosis and portal hypertension). There were 386 males and 199 females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.94:1. The ages ranged from 17 to 84 years, with an average age of 49 years.

[0035] Test results: Age was negatively correlated with spleen volume (r = -0.176, P < 0.05). ROC curve statistical analysis showed that the diagnostic threshold for normal splenomegaly volume was 295.90 cm. 3 .

[0036] The splenomegaly group consisted of 1248 cases: all of whom were patients with cirrhosis and portal hypertension with hypersplenism. There were 832 males and 416 females, with a male-to-female ratio of 2:1. Their ages ranged from 16 to 84 years, with an average age of 50 years.

[0037] Test results: According to Figure 1 Enhanced CT scan results were used to import raw CT data into Myrian Xp-Liver 3D reconstruction software to construct a spleen model module. Clicking on the spleen with the mouse allowed the computer to automatically identify and reconstruct the spleen model based on CT values. Figure 2 The system automatically calculates the spleen volume. For cases with excessively large recognition ranges, clinical professionals trim the spleen layer by layer, and supplement any unrecognized layers. The computer then displays the final spleen volume.

[0038] Spleen volume ≥ 300.0 cm³ 3 The diagnosis was splenomegaly. Considering the importance of splenomegaly grading in clinical practice, ROC curve analysis was used to determine the optimal threshold between grades 1, 2, 3, and 4. ROC curve analysis between grade 1 and grade 2 showed that the optimal threshold for diagnosing grade 2 was 1000.0 cm. 3 ,See" Figure 5 ROC curve analysis between degree 2 and degree 3 showed that the optimal threshold for diagnosing degree 3 was 2000.0 cm⁻¹. 3 ,See" Figure 6 ROC curve analysis between degrees 3 and 4 showed that the optimal threshold for diagnosing degree 4 was 4000.0 cm⁻¹. 3 .

[0039] Therefore, the spleen volume in 3D reconstructed CT imaging can be classified into grades 1, 2, 3, and 4: spleen volume 300.0–1000.0 cm³. 3 Of the 465 cases (37.3%) with grade 1 splenomegaly, spleen volume ranged from 1000.1 to 2000.0 cm³. 3 Of the 498 cases (39.9%) with grade 2 splenomegaly, spleen volume ranged from 2000.1 to 4000.0 cm³. 3 Of the 217 cases (17.4%) with grade 3 splenomegaly, spleen volume was >4000.0 cm³. 3 There were 68 cases (5.4%) with grade 4 splenomegaly.

[0040] Treatment: Grade 1 splenomegaly is best treated non-surgically; Grade 2 splenomegaly should be treated non-surgically first, and if the effect is not good, surgical treatment can be used; Grade 3 splenomegaly is recommended to be treated surgically; Grade 4 splenomegaly is best treated surgically, including splenectomy, esophageal vascular transection, liver transplantation, etc.

[0041] Application Example 1

[0042] A 48-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital due to upper gastrointestinal bleeding caused by portal hypertension due to hepatitis B cirrhosis. A CT scan measured his spleen volume at 1769.2 cm³. 3 The patient presented with grade 2 splenomegaly and hypersplenism. After admission, axillary blood transfusions and hemostatic drugs were administered, but the effect was unsatisfactory. Endoscopic ligation for hemostasis was then performed, but the effect remained poor. A transesophageal sphincterotomy (TPS) was then performed. Three days post-surgery, upper gastrointestinal bleeding recurred. Finally, a splenectomy and lower esophageal vascular transection were performed. The patient recovered and was discharged two weeks after the surgery. Eight years later, the patient continues to work, occasionally experiencing indigestion, which is relieved by taking hawthorn pills.

[0043] Application Example 2

[0044] A 36-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital due to hepatitis C-related cirrhosis with decompensated liver function, portal hypertension with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and severe hypersplenism. A CT scan measured the spleen volume at 3277.1 cm³. 3 The patient presented with grade 3 splenomegaly and hypersplenism. Upon admission, a splenectomy and peripheral esophageal vessel transection were performed. The patient was discharged 16 days after surgery, having fully recovered. Six years post-surgery, the patient has continued to work without experiencing any discomfort.

[0045] The above description is a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for detecting spleen volume using three-dimensional visualization technology, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Select the normal spleen group and the splenomegaly group, and compare the results of the two groups; S2. Statistical analysis using ROC curves was used to determine the diagnostic threshold for normal splenomegaly, setting a spleen volume ≥300.0 cm³. 3 The diagnosis was splenomegaly; S3. Using ROC curve analysis, spleen volume was divided into grades 1, 2, 3, and 4 from smallest to largest. S4. Obtain an image of the patient's spleen volume from a clinical CT scan; S5. Import the raw data of spleen volume from CT scan into the 3D reconstruction software, construct a spleen model, and calculate the spleen volume. S6: Select treatment methods based on spleen volume classification.

2. The method for detecting spleen volume using three-dimensional visualization technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the spleen volume of grade 1 spleen is between 300.0 and 1000.0 cm³. 3 Within the range, it was determined to be grade 1 splenomegaly.

3. The method for detecting spleen volume using three-dimensional visualization technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the spleen volume of grade 2 spleens is between 1000.1 and 2000.0 cm³. 3 Within the range, it was determined to be grade 2 splenomegaly.

4. The method for detecting spleen volume using three-dimensional visualization technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the spleen volume at grade 3 is 2000.1–4000.0 cm³. 3 The diagnosis was grade 3 splenomegaly.

5. The method for detecting spleen volume using three-dimensional visualization technology according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the spleen volume at grade 4 is >4000.0 cm³. 3 The diagnosis was grade 4 splenomegaly.

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