Hydrophobic ice and snow resistant wire, electric power ice melting system and wire preparation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power grids, and aims to solve the technical problem of carrying out ice melting treatment on a wire in an extremely severe environment. In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a hydrophobic ice and snow resistant wire, an electric power ice melting system and a wire preparation method. The present invention comprises: a first conductive layer; the at least one pair of heating insulation cables are arranged in the first conductive layer; an insulating layer of the heating insulating cable wraps the heating wire; the at least one pair of heating insulation cables are uniformly distributed in the plurality of conductive cables; the first conductive layer is coated with the heat conduction uniform layer; the second conductive layer is coated outside the heat conduction uniform layer and adopts a molded line; the heating equipment is arranged on the tower; the heating equipment and the two heating wires of the lead form a loop; according to the ice melting unmanned aerial vehicle, the ignition part ignites the combustible gas sprayed by the first spray head so as to form ice melting flames. According to the invention, ice and snow coverage can be avoided in an extreme environment, and active ice melting can be realized. Cost is low and feasibility is high.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power grid, in particular to a hydrophobic anti-icing conductor, a power ice melting system and a conductor preparation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In many areas, the conductor is covered with ice due to extreme weather such as ice and snow. The phenomenon is influenced by many factors, including topography, altitude, climate, and structural design of the conductor itself. The conductor weight increases significantly due to icing, thus causing various hidden dangers, such as conductor stress concentration leading to fracture and even tower collapse due to the weight of the conductor. The existing technology mainly solves the conductor icing in the following ways: direct current ice melting, alternating current ice melting, artificial deicing, mechanical vibration deicing and the like. However, considering the operation difficulty and safety, the existing methods are not mature, and it is difficult to implement in extreme harsh environments. The main solution at present is to use high-strength galvanized steel core aluminum alloy conductor to greatly strengthen the breaking force performance and increase the stress allowance of the tower to avoid conductor fracture and other situations caused by icing. Therefore, the existing technology cannot melt the ice on the conductor in extreme harsh environments. SUMMARY

[0003] Therefore, the present application solves the technical problems in the prior art.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a hydrophobic anti-icing conductor, which comprises: a first conductive layer comprising a plurality of conductive cables; at least one pair of heating insulated cables arranged in the first conductive layer; the heating insulated cable comprises a heating wire and an insulating layer wrapped outside the heating wire; the at least one pair of heating insulated cables are uniformly arranged in the plurality of conductive cables; a uniform heat conduction layer wrapped outside the first conductive layer; a second conductive layer wrapped outside the uniform heat conduction layer, the second conductive layer being a profiled wire; The heating insulated cable is heated and warmed, and the surface of the second conductive layer is uniformly warmed for ice melting under the action of the uniform heat conduction layer.

[0005] In an embodiment of the present application, the present application further comprises a high-strength steel core; the high-strength steel core is wrapped by the first conductive layer.

[0006] In an embodiment of the present application, the uniform heat conduction layer is made of stainless steel fiber metal cloth.

[0007] In an embodiment of the present application, the heating insulated cable is made of nickel-chromium alloy.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present application, the uniform heat conduction layer is made of stainless steel fiber metal cloth; the heating insulated cable is made of nickel-chromium alloy.

[0009] The application also provides a preparation method of the hydrophobic anti-icing and snowing conductor, comprising: preparing the hydrophobic anti-icing and snowing conductor in any of the above embodiments; the steps comprise: Preparation of the first conductive layer: smelting aluminum ingots, primary refining of the aluminum liquid, multiple rare earth alloy element proportioning, multiple refining of the aluminum liquid, crystallization wheel casting of aluminum billets, rolling of aluminum rods, high-temperature heat treatment, and drawing of single wires; in the multiple rare earth alloy element proportioning, the raw materials include the following components with the following contents: Cu: 0.01-0.02 wt%, Si: 0.05-0.10 wt%, Fe: 0.12-0.20 wt%, Y: 0.05-0.15 wt%, Er: 0.03-0.10 wt%, Zr: 0.35-0.45 wt%, and the sum of Cr, Mn, V, and Ti being less than 0.005 wt%; Preparation of the second conductive layer: the same as the preparation method of the first conductive layer.

[0010] In an embodiment of the application, the heating insulated cable is stranded in the multiple conductive cables; and the heat-conducting uniform layer is wrapped during the stranding; and the second conductive layer is stranded outside the heat-conducting uniform layer.

[0011] The application also provides a power ice-melting system, comprising: Multiple towers; The conductor in any of the above embodiments is arranged between two adjacent towers; The heating device is arranged on the tower; the heating device and the two heating wires of the conductor form a loop; The monitoring assembly comprises a first monitoring component, a second monitoring component, and a third monitoring component; the first monitoring component is used for monitoring the temperature; the second monitoring component is used for monitoring the rainfall; and the third monitoring component is used for monitoring the stress of the conductor to determine whether the conductor is iced. The ice-melting unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a vehicle body and an ice-melting component; the ice-melting component is arranged on the vehicle body; the ice-melting component comprises a first nozzle and an ignition part; the ignition part is arranged beside the first nozzle; the ignition part ignites the combustible gas sprayed by the first nozzle to form an ice-melting flame.

[0012] In an embodiment of the application, the monitoring assembly is arranged at the position where the tower is connected with the conductor.

[0013] In an embodiment of the application, the control assembly is electrically connected with the first monitoring component, the second monitoring component, the third monitoring component, the heating device, and the ice-melting unmanned aerial vehicle.

[0014] In an embodiment of the application, when the rainfall exceeds 5 mm / h and the temperature drops to below 5℃, the heating device starts to heat the conductor; When the force on the conductor is greater than or equal to 1.2 times the safe use tension value of the conductor, the deicing unmanned aerial vehicle deices.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present application, the deicing component further comprises a plurality of second nozzles arranged at intervals, and the plurality of second nozzles are arranged in a ring shape; the first nozzles are surrounded by the plurality of second nozzles; and the second nozzles surround the inert gas injection ports.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present application, along the gas injection direction of the inert gas nozzle, the injection ports of the inert gas nozzle are inclined outward.

[0017] The above technical solution of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The water-repellent ice and snow resistant conductor system and the conductor preparation method can judge whether there is a risk of icing through the monitoring assembly, heat the heating wire through the heating device if icing occurs, radiate heat, then uniformly heat the second conductive layer through the heat-conductive uniform layer with good heat conductivity, that is, uniformly heat the surface of the conductor, so that the motion of the molecules in the water droplets falling on the conductor is intensified, the surface tension is reduced, the water droplets are gradually flattened and the evaporation area is expanded, and the evaporation of water vapor is accelerated, so that the situation that raindrops are adsorbed on the conductor can be effectively reduced. Furthermore, the second conductive layer adopts a profile line, so that the surface of the conductor is smooth to form a water-repellent layer, which can further avoid rainwater from adhering to the surface of the conductor and has a certain ice-melting and snow-resisting capability. As can be seen, the conductor is heated, the heat-conductive uniform layer and the second conductive layer with a smooth surface are used to ensure the conductivity while uniformly heating, so as to reduce the probability of icing of rainwater on the surface of the conductor. If the conductor inevitably ices up after a long period of use, the deicing unmanned aerial vehicle can actively deice the conductor. The first conductive layer and the second conductive layer prepared by the present application have good heat resistance, the conventional operating temperature of the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer can reach 210 DEG C, and the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer can withstand the temperature rise caused by the heating wire, so that the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer will not be broken due to excessively high temperature when the conductor is heated to melt ice. Furthermore, the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer have good conductivity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to make the content of the present application more easily understood, the present application will be further described in detail below according to specific embodiments of the present application and in conjunction with the drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an electric power deicing system in a preferred embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a conductor in the electric power deicing system shown in Figure 1 ; Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a deicing unmanned aerial vehicle in the electric power deicing system shown in Figure 1 ; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the ice-melting component in the ice-melting drone. Explanation of markings on the attached diagrams: 100, tower; 200. Conductor wire; 210. First conductive layer; 211. Conductive cable; 220. Heating insulated cable; 221. Heating wire; 222. Insulation layer; 230. Heat-conducting uniform layer; 240. Second conductive layer; 250. High-strength steel core; 300. Heating equipment; 400. Monitoring component; 410. First monitoring element; 420. Second monitoring element; 430. Third monitoring element; 500. Ice-melting drone; 510. Ice-melting component; 511. First nozzle; 512. Ignition unit; 513. Second nozzle; 520. First tank; 530. Second tank. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] Reference Figures 1-4 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electric de-icing system, comprising: Multiple poles 100, conductors 200, heating equipment 300, monitoring components 400, and ice-melting drones 500.

[0021] A conductor 200 is disposed between two adjacent towers 100. The conductor 200 includes a first conductive layer 210, at least one pair of heating insulated cables 220 (e.g., a pair of heating insulated cables 220), a heat-conducting uniform layer 230, and a second conductive layer 240. The number of heating insulated cables 220 needs to be appropriately set according to the diameter of the conductor 200; if there are too many heating insulated cables 220, the resistivity will be high, resulting in a decrease in the conductivity of the conductor 200. The first conductive layer 210 includes multiple conductive cables 211. At least one pair of heating insulated cables 220 is disposed in the first conductive layer 210; the heating insulated cable 220 includes a heating wire 221 and an insulating layer 222, with the insulating layer 222 wrapping around the heating wire 221; at least one pair of heating insulated cables 220 are evenly distributed among the multiple conductive cables 211; the insulating layer 222 wraps around the heating wire 221 to prevent short circuits. A thermally conductive uniform layer 230 covers the outside of the first conductive layer 210; a second conductive layer 240 covers the outside of the thermally conductive uniform layer 230, and the second conductive layer 240 adopts a shaped line (e.g., T-shaped line, S-shaped line or Z-shaped line) to make the surface of the second conductive layer 240 smoother.

[0022] In some embodiments, the heating insulated cable 220 and the conductive cable 211 are both round wires; avoiding long-term use, mutual friction between the heating insulated cable 220 and the conductive cable 211 causes damage. Among them, the heating insulated cable 220 is heated and warmed up, and under the action of the heat-conducting uniform layer 230, the surface of the second conductive layer 240 is uniformly warmed up to melt ice.

[0023] The heating device 300 is arranged on the tower 100; the heating device 300 and the two heating wires 221 (a pair of heating insulated cables 220 contains two heating wires 221 in total) of the wire 200 form a loop; The monitoring assembly 400 includes a first monitoring component 410, a second monitoring component 420, and a third monitoring component 430; the first monitoring component 410 is used for monitoring temperature; the second monitoring component 420 is used for monitoring rainfall; the third monitoring component 430 is used for monitoring the stress of the wire 200 to determine whether the wire 200 is iced; in some embodiments, the first monitoring component 410 is a temperature sensor. In some embodiments, the second monitoring component 420 is a rain sensor. In some embodiments, the third monitoring component 430 is a stress-strain sensor. Because rain and snow adsorbed on the wire 200 will cause the sag of the wire 200 to increase, and then the wire 200 as a whole will have a certain tensile phase change, so the present application can perceive whether the rain and snow are attached to the wire 200 by monitoring the stress of the wire 200. Rainwater is easily adsorbed on the wire 200 after raining, and then the cooled rainwater directly freezes on the surface of the wire 200, so the present application can determine whether there is a risk of icing by monitoring rainfall and monitoring temperature. If icing, the heating device 300 is linked to melt ice.

[0024] The ice-melting unmanned aerial vehicle 500 includes an unmanned aerial vehicle body and an ice-melting component 510; the ice-melting component 510 is arranged on the unmanned aerial vehicle body; the ice-melting component 510 includes a first spray head 511 and an ignition part 512, the ignition part 512 is arranged beside the first spray head 511, and the ignition part 512 ignites the combustible gas sprayed by the first spray head 511 to form an ice-melting flame.

[0025] Specifically, the application can determine whether there is icing risk through the monitoring assembly 400, heat the heating wire 221 through the heating device 300 if icing occurs, radiate heat, then uniformly heat the second conductive layer 240 through the heat-conductive uniform layer 230 which has good heat conductivity, that is, uniformly heat the surface of the wire 200, so that the water droplets falling on the wire 200 have intensified molecular motion, the surface tension is reduced, the water droplets are gradually flattened and the evaporation area is expanded, the water vapor evaporation is accelerated, and the situation that the raindrops are adsorbed on the wire 200 can be effectively reduced; and the second conductive layer 240 adopts a profile line, so that the surface of the wire 200 is smooth to form a hydrophobic layer, which can further avoid rainwater from being attached to the surface of the wire 200 and has certain ice-melting and snow-resisting capability. As can be seen, the wire 200, the heat-conductive uniform layer 230 and the second conductive layer 240 which has a smooth surface are heated uniformly to ensure the conductivity and reduce the probability of icing of rainwater on the surface of the wire 200. If the wire 200 is inevitably iced up after long-term use of the line, the ice-melting unmanned aerial vehicle 500 of the application can actively melt the ice on the wire 200. As can be seen, the application can avoid ice and snow coverage in extreme environments and actively melt ice. The cost is low and the feasibility is high.

[0026] The application can reduce the icing on the surface of the wire 200 to the minimum influence through the monitoring assembly 400 which monitors the rainfall, temperature and stress of the wire 200, and then melts the ice through heating and the ice-melting unmanned aerial vehicle 500, so as to effectively resist ice and snow.

[0027] The application can avoid ice and snow coverage through heating the wire 200 and actively melt the ice through the ice-melting unmanned aerial vehicle 500, so as to synergistically reduce the influence of ice and snow.

[0028] The application can heat and deice through the heating wire 221 and the heating device 300 which form a loop, so that the heating device 300 can be simply externally connected to heat and deice, the cost is low, the structure is simple and the construction is convenient.

[0029] The second conductive layer 240 can also improve the damping resistance and wind vibration resistance of the wire 200.

[0030] The preparation method of the hydrophobic ice and snow resistant wire 200 includes the following steps: S1, preparing a high-strength steel core 250, a first conductive layer 210, a heating insulated cable 220, a heat-conductive uniform layer 230 and a second conductive layer 240.

[0031] In the process of preparing the high-strength steel core 250, a plurality of extra-high strength galvanized steel wires are concentrically stranded into the steel core.

[0032] In the process of preparing the first conductive layer 210 and the second conductive layer 240, the steps are as follows: smelting aluminum ingot - primary refining of aluminum liquid - multiple rare earth alloy element proportioning - multiple refining of aluminum liquid - crystallization wheel casting aluminum billet - rolling aluminum rod - high-temperature heat treatment - drawing single wire. In the process of multiple rare earth alloy element proportioning, rare earth alloy is added for alloying treatment, and the raw materials include the following components: Cu: 0.01-0.02 wt%, Si: 0.05-0.10 wt%, Fe: 0.12-0.20 wt%, Y: 0.05-0.15 wt%, Er: 0.03-0.10 wt%, Zr: 0.35-0.45 wt%, the sum of Cr, Mn, V, and Ti is less than 0.005 wt%, and the remaining components are impurities. After the alloying treatment, multiple refining is performed on the aluminum liquid, and the crystallization wheel casting aluminum billet is performed at the flow tank (aluminum state boron wire) for multiple component monitoring, and finally the aluminum billet is cast at the crystallization wheel at a casting temperature of 830±5℃ and an exit temperature of 460±10℃. In the process of rolling the aluminum rod, high-temperature heat treatment, and drawing the single wire, the temperature of the high-temperature heat treatment of the aluminum rod is ±10℃, the treatment time is 230±12h, and the single wire of the first conductive layer 210 and the second conductive layer 240 is drawn after rod heat treatment.

[0033] In the process of preparing the heating insulated cable 220, a plurality of (for example, 37) flexible nichrome alloy filaments are bundled and twisted to form a heating wire 221, and are subjected to three-layer co-extrusion to form a heating insulated cable 220 by layering polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyethylene three-layer material on the outer layer of the heating wire 221.

[0034] S2, the first conductive layer 210 and the heating insulated cable 220 are twisted into the outer layer of the high-strength steel core 250. In this preparation process, the heating insulated cable 220 is placed at the corresponding position of the frame twisting machine, and the remaining conductive cables 211 are uniformly placed, and the twisting direction is left. The layer diameter ratio is 10-16, and after the twisting and forming, the heating insulated cable 220 is reserved with a length of 3-5 meters longer than the formed conductive wire 200 for later construction and wiring connection with the heating equipment 300 to form a loop.

[0035] S3, in the twisting process of step S2, the banded stainless steel fiber metal cloth is wrapped to form a uniform heat conducting layer 230; in this preparation process, an 8cm wide stainless steel fiber metal cloth is selected and quickly wound in the middle of the inner and outer layer frame twisting equipment outside the first conductive layer 210 through the wrapping device.

[0036] S4, the second conductive layer 240 is twisted outside the heat-conducting uniform layer 230. In the preparation process, the nylon guide nozzle fixes the position of the second conductive layer 240, the three-wheel positioning device prevents the second conductive layer 240 from turning over, the second conductive layer 240 is twisted outside the heat-conducting uniform layer 230, and the twisting direction is rightward. The pitch ratio of the twisted layer is 10-12.

[0037] The first conductive layer 200 and the second conductive layer 200 prepared by the preparation method are sample 1. The first conductive layer 200 and the second conductive layer 200 prepared by the comparative example are sample 1. The sample 1 and the sample 2 are respectively tested, and the test results are shown in Table 1 and Table 2 below. As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, the conductivity and heat resistance of sample 1 are better than those of sample 2, and the strength and heat resistance of sample 1 also meet the requirements. Therefore, the first conductive layer 200 and the second conductive layer 200 prepared by the preparation method have the advantages of high conductivity and good heat resistance.

[0038] Table 1 (sample 1)

[0039] Table 2 (sample 2)

[0040] Through statistics, the tensile strength of the first conductive layer 210 and the second conductive layer 240 prepared by the preparation method is ≥170 MPa, the conductivity is ≥61% IACS, the conventional operating temperature is 210℃, the heat resistance (280℃, 1h) is ≥94%, and the elongation is ≥4.0%.

[0041] The first conductive layer 210 and the second conductive layer 240 prepared by the preparation method have good heat resistance, the conventional operating temperature of the first conductive layer 210 and the second conductive layer 240 can reach 210℃, and can withstand the temperature rise caused by the heating wire 221. Therefore, when the wire 200 is heated to melt ice, the first conductive layer 210 and the second conductive layer 240 will not be broken due to too high temperature. At the same time, the first conductive layer 210 and the second conductive layer 240 have good conductivity.

[0042] Further, the application also includes a high-strength steel core 250, and the high-strength steel core 250 is covered by the first conductive layer 210. In some embodiments, the high-strength steel core 250 is a high-strength galvanized steel core.

[0043] Specifically, the high-strength steel core 250 of the embodiment serves as a force-bearing layer to improve the stress of the wire 200.

[0044] Further, the heat-conducting uniform layer 230 is made of stainless steel fiber metal cloth.

[0045] Specifically, the stainless steel fiber metal cloth heat-conducting uniform layer 230 has good waterproof performance, good heat-conducting performance and good electric conductivity, can uniformly distribute the heat of the heating wire 221 on the surface of the conductor 200 (i.e. the surface of the second electrically-conductive layer 240), uniformly melt ice, and improve the ice-melting efficiency and effect; in addition, it avoids water from entering the inside of the conductor 200 and solves the problem of slow water vapor emission. It has stable high-temperature performance and excellent corrosion resistance.

[0046] Further, the heating insulated cable 220 is made of nickel-chromium alloy.

[0047] Specifically, the heating insulated cable 220 made of nickel-chromium alloy has high strength in a high-temperature environment and is not easy to deform or change structure during long-term use; has high emissivity after sufficient oxidation and can transfer heat more efficiently than iron-chromium-aluminum alloy; has stable resistivity and avoids the risk of circuit overload.

[0048] Further, the monitoring assembly 400 is arranged at the position where the tower 100 is connected with the conductor 200.

[0049] Specifically, the monitoring assembly 400 is arranged at the position where the tower 100 is connected with the conductor 200 in the embodiment, which facilitates installation and maintenance and improves the accuracy of monitoring data.

[0050] Further, the application also includes a control assembly; the control assembly is electrically connected with the first monitoring component 410, the second monitoring component 420, the third monitoring component 430, the heating device 300 and the ice-melting drone 500.

[0051] Specifically, the embodiment realizes linkage of the monitoring and the heating device 300 and the ice-melting drone 500 through the control assembly, thereby realizing full automation.

[0052] Further, when the rainfall exceeds 5mm / h and the temperature drops to 5℃ or below, the heating device 300 starts to heat the conductor 200. When the stress on the conductor 200 is greater than or equal to 1.2 times the safe use tension value of the conductor, the ice-melting drone 500 melts ice.

[0053] Specifically, it is verified and simulated that when the rainfall exceeds 5mm / h and the temperature drops to 5℃ or below, it means that ice will appear subsequently, so heating is performed before ice appears to reduce ice formation. When the third monitoring component 430 monitors that the stress on the conductor 200 is greater than or equal to 1.2 times the safe use tension value of the conductor, it means that the stress on the conductor 200 is abnormal, which indicates that ice appears on the surface of the conductor 200. At this time, line maintenance personnel can be notified to start or the control assembly can be linked to the ice-melting drone 500 to thaw ice.

[0054] Further, the ice melting component 510 further comprises a plurality of second nozzles 513 arranged at intervals, and the plurality of second nozzles 513 are arranged in a ring shape; the first nozzles 511 are surrounded by the plurality of second nozzles 513; and the second nozzles 513 surround the first nozzles 511 and are used for spraying inert gas.

[0055] Specifically, the first nozzles 511 in the embodiment spray flames for deicing and snow melting on the conductor surface, and the second nozzles 513 spray inert gas around the flames to isolate the flames. As can be seen, the second nozzles 513 and the first nozzles 511 in the embodiment work together to melt ice at high temperature while preventing the spread of flames to avoid other accidents caused by too large a burning range; in addition, the inert gas sprayed by the first nozzles 511 can quickly remove the water remaining on the surface of the conductor 200 after ice melting by the flames, thereby avoiding re-icing and improving the ice melting efficiency and effect. Therefore, the second nozzles 513 and the first nozzles 511 in the embodiment work together to effectively remove the ice on the surface of the conductor 200.

[0056] If the inert gas group sprayed by the second nozzles 513 is in a cylindrical shape, the internal space of the inert gas group is relatively small, and the oxygen in the internal space is relatively small, which can cause the combustible gas sprayed by the first nozzles 511 located in the internal space to burn insufficiently, and the flame temperature is reduced, thereby affecting the ice melting effect. In order to solve the problem, further, the spray port of the inert gas nozzle is inclined outward along the gas spraying direction of the inert gas nozzle.

[0057] Specifically, the second nozzles 513 in the embodiment spray the inert gas group in a horn shape, which increases the internal space of the inert gas group, improves the oxygen content in the space, and makes the combustible gas sprayed by the first nozzles 511 burn more fully to ensure the flame temperature and further improve the ice melting effect. As can be seen, in the embodiment, only the center of the inert gas sprayed by the second nozzles 513 is used for melting ice by spraying flames, which maximally avoids causing fire hazards and the like, and the melted snow water is quickly taken away by the inert gas.

[0058] Further, the ice melting unmanned aerial vehicle 500 further comprises a first tank 520 and a second tank 530; the first tank 520 is connected to the first nozzles 511 through a plastic hose; and the inert gas nozzle is connected to the second tank 530 through a plastic hose. In some embodiments, the first tank 520 is filled with combustible gas, such as liquefied natural gas, and the first tank 520 provides combustible gas for the first nozzles 511. The second tank 530 is filled with inert gas, and the second tank 530 provides inert gas for the inert gas nozzle. In some embodiments, the ice melting component 510 and the tanks are connected to the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle body.

[0059] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely example for clearly illustrating, and are not limitation to the embodiments. Other different forms of changes or variations can be made on the basis of the above description for those skilled in the art. Here, all the embodiments need not and can not be exhausted. The obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A water-repellent, ice-resistant conductor, characterized in that: include: The first conductive layer includes multiple conductive cables; At least one pair of heating insulated cables are disposed in the first conductive layer; the heating insulated cable includes a heating wire and an insulating layer, the insulating layer being wrapped around the heating wire; at least one pair of the heating insulated cables are evenly distributed among the plurality of conductive cables; A thermally conductive uniform layer is wrapped around the first conductive layer; A second conductive layer is formed outside the thermally conductive uniform layer; the second conductive layer is a shaped layer. The heating insulated cable is heated to a higher temperature, and under the action of the heat-conducting uniform layer, the surface of the second conductive layer is uniformly heated to melt ice.

2. The hydrophobic, ice-resistant conductor according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a high-strength steel core; the high-strength steel core is covered by the first conductive layer.

3. The hydrophobic anti-icing conductor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-conducting uniform layer is made of stainless steel fiber metal cloth; And / or, the heating insulated cable is made of nickel-chromium alloy.

4. An electric de-icing system, characterized in that: include: Multiple towers; The conductor according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is disposed between two adjacent towers; A heating device is installed on a pole; the heating device and the two heating wires of the conductor form a circuit; The monitoring component includes a first monitoring element, a second monitoring element, and a third monitoring element; the first monitoring element is used to monitor temperature; the second monitoring element is used to monitor rainfall; and the third monitoring element is used to monitor the stress on the conductor to determine whether the conductor is icing. An ice-melting drone includes a drone body and an ice-melting component; the ice-melting component is located on the drone body; the ice-melting component includes a first nozzle and an ignition part, the ignition part is located next to the first nozzle, and the ignition part ignites the combustible gas sprayed by the first nozzle to form an ice-melting flame.

5. The electric de-icing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The monitoring component is located at the point where the tower connects to the conductor.

6. The electric de-icing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a control component; the control component is electrically connected to the first monitoring component, the second monitoring component, the third monitoring component, the heating device, and the ice-melting drone.

7. The electric de-icing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: When the rainfall exceeds 5 mm / h and the temperature drops below 5°C, the heating device is activated to heat the conductor. The ice-melting drone melts ice when the force on the conductor is greater than or equal to 1.2 times the safe operating tension value of the conductor.

8. The electric de-icing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ice-melting component also includes a plurality of spaced-apart second nozzles arranged in a ring; the first nozzle is surrounded by the plurality of second nozzles; the second nozzles surround the first nozzle for spraying inert gas.

9. The electric de-icing system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Along the gas injection direction of the inert gas nozzle, the nozzle orifice is tilted outward.

10. A method for preparing a hydrophobic, ice-resistant conductor, characterized in that: The method for preparing the hydrophobic anti-icing conductor according to any one of claims 1 to 3 includes the following steps: Preparation of the first conductive layer: Smelting aluminum ingots, refining the molten aluminum once, multiple rare earth alloy element proportioning, multiple refining of the molten aluminum, casting aluminum billets on a crystallizing wheel, rolling aluminum rods, high-temperature heat treatment, and drawing single wires; in the multiple rare earth alloy element proportioning, the raw materials include the following components with the following content: Cu: 0.01~0.02 wt%, Si: 0.05~0.10 wt%, Fe: 0.12~0.20 wt%, Y: 0.05~0.15 wt%, Er: 0.03~0.10 wt%, Zr: 0.35~0.45 wt%, and the sum of Cr, Mn, V, and Ti is less than 0.005 wt%; Preparation of the second conductive layer: The preparation method is the same as that for the first conductive layer.

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