Energy storage device and energy storage system

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of energy storage systems, and provides an energy storage device and an energy storage system. The battery assembly is arranged in the box body; the cooling assembly is arranged in the box body and located at the top of the battery assembly, the cooling assembly comprises a mounting main body, a first flow channel and a plurality of second flow channels are arranged in the mounting main body, the second flow channels cover the top surface of the battery assembly, and the second flow channels are arranged side by side in the extending direction of the first flow channel and communicate with the first flow channel; a liquid inlet communicated with the first flow channel is formed in the mounting main body and is used for introducing cooling liquid; the bottom surface of the mounting main body is respectively provided with a plurality of groups of spraying openings which are communicated with the plurality of second flow channels in a one-to-one correspondence manner; and each group of spraying openings comprises a plurality of spraying openings for spraying cooling liquid to the battery assembly. The energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the invention at least can improve the cooling effect on the upper part of the battery assembly.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage systems, in particular to an energy storage device and an energy storage system. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, with the rapid development of energy storage systems, high-energy-density battery packs have become the key target pursued by the industry. In order to ensure the safety and efficiency of the battery pack under high-power operation, the immersion cooling method is widely used because it can effectively remove the heat generated during the operation of the battery. In this technology, the cooling liquid enters from the cooling liquid inlet on the battery pack shell, and through a complex flow channel design, it can flow in the bracket flow channel formed at the bottom of the battery module, thereby achieving a cooling effect from the bottom of the module upwards, ensuring that the battery cells are within the appropriate operating temperature range.

[0003] However, the existing technology has a significant problem, that is, the heat at the upper part of the battery module cannot be effectively cooled. Due to the uneven distribution of heat during battery operation, the temperature of the upper cells is often higher than that of the lower cells, especially during high-power charging and discharging, this temperature difference will cause the battery performance to decline and the service life to be shortened. While the existing immersion cooling design can cool the bottom of the module well, due to the natural flow characteristics of the cooling liquid and design limitations, the cooling liquid is not well distributed at the upper part of the module, resulting in poor cooling effect of the upper cells, thereby affecting the thermal management performance of the entire battery pack. SUMMARY

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide an energy storage device and an energy storage system, which at least solve the problem of poor cooling effect of the upper part of the battery module in the immersion cooling method of the existing technology.

[0005] According to some embodiments of the present application, the embodiments of the present application provide an energy storage device, which comprises a box body, a battery assembly arranged in the box body, and a cooling assembly arranged in the box body and located at the top of the battery assembly. The cooling assembly comprises a mounting body, the mounting body is provided with a first flow channel and a plurality of second flow channels, the plurality of second flow channels are arranged on the top surface of the battery assembly, and the plurality of second flow channels are arranged side by side along the extension direction of the first flow channel and respectively communicate with the first flow channel. The mounting body is provided with a liquid inlet communicating with the first flow channel, for introducing cooling liquid. The bottom surface of the mounting body is respectively provided with a plurality of groups of spray nozzles corresponding to the plurality of second flow channels, and each group of spray nozzles comprises a plurality of spray nozzles for spraying cooling liquid to the battery assembly.

[0006] In some embodiments, the mounting body is respectively provided with a plurality of groups of liquid passing holes corresponding to the plurality of groups of spray nozzles one-to-one, each group of liquid passing holes comprises a plurality of liquid passing holes corresponding to the plurality of spray nozzles one-to-one, and the second flow channel communicates with the spray nozzle through the liquid passing hole; wherein the diameter of the liquid passing hole is the same as the diameter of the spray nozzle; or the diameter of the liquid passing hole gradually decreases along the direction from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body, and the minimum diameter of the liquid passing hole is the same as the diameter of the spray nozzle.

[0007] In some embodiments, each liquid passing hole comprises a first hole section and a second hole section which are sequentially communicated along the direction from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body.

[0008] In some embodiments, when the second hole section is a cylindrical hole, the first hole section is a cylindrical hole with the same diameter as the second hole section; or the first hole section is a cylindrical hole with a larger diameter than the second hole section; or the first hole section is a conical hole with the diameter gradually decreasing along the direction from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body, and the minimum diameter of the first hole section is the same as the diameter of the second hole section.

[0009] In some embodiments, when the second hole section is a conical hole with the diameter gradually decreasing along the direction from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body, the first hole section is a cylindrical hole, and the diameter of the first hole section is the same as the maximum diameter of the second hole section; or the first hole section is a conical hole with the diameter gradually decreasing along the direction from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body, and the minimum diameter of the first hole section is the same as the maximum diameter of the second hole section.

[0010] In some embodiments, the diameter R1 of the first hole section satisfies: 1mm≤R1≤1.5mm; and / or, the diameter R2 of the second hole section satisfies: 0.5mm≤R2≤1mm; and / or, a first filter screen is arranged in the first hole section for filtering the cooling liquid; and / or, a second filter screen is arranged in the second hole section for filtering the cooling liquid.

[0011] In some embodiments, the opening aperture of the plurality of liquid passing holes in each second flow channel gradually increases in the direction away from the first flow channel.

[0012] In some embodiments, the cooling assembly further comprises: a partition component arranged in the mounting body to form the first flow channel and the plurality of second flow channels between the inner wall of the mounting body respectively, the partition component is respectively provided with a plurality of liquid distribution openings corresponding to the plurality of second flow channels one-to-one, and the first flow channel communicates with the second flow channel through the liquid distribution opening.

[0013] In some embodiments, the partition component comprises: a first partition arranged in the mounting body and arranged in parallel with an inner side wall of the mounting body, so that a first flow channel is formed between the first partition and a part of the inner wall of the mounting body, and a plurality of distribution ports are arranged on the first partition in a spaced manner; and a plurality of second partitions arranged in the mounting body and connected to the first partition in a spaced manner along the extension direction of the first partition, so that a second flow channel is formed between each two adjacent second partitions and between each second partition and a part of the inner wall of the mounting body.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first partition comprises a plurality of partition segments connected in sequence, the plurality of partition segments are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second flow channels, each partition segment comprises two sub-plates arranged oppositely, and a distribution port is formed between the two sub-plates; and / or, a third filter screen is arranged in each distribution port for filtering the cooling liquid; and / or, the mounting body, the first partition and the plurality of second partitions are integrally formed.

[0015] In some embodiments, a guide component is arranged in the first flow channel of the mounting body, for guiding the cooling liquid flowing into the mounting body through the liquid inlet into each distribution port.

[0016] In some embodiments, the liquid inlet is arranged at one end of the first flow channel, and the guide component comprises a plurality of guide pieces arranged in the first flow channel in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of distribution ports, each guide piece being an arc-shaped plate segment protruding from the inner bottom surface of the mounting body, and the curvature of each guide piece gradually increases in a direction away from the liquid inlet.

[0017] In some embodiments, the box body comprises a cover body and a shell body connected to each other, the shell body has an immersion tank for accommodating the battery assembly, the shell body has a first liquid passage and a second liquid passage arranged in a top-down manner, the first liquid passage and the second liquid passage are in communication with the immersion tank, the liquid inlet of the mounting body is connected to one of the first liquid passage and the second liquid passage, and the other one of the first liquid passage and the second liquid passage is used for discharging the cooling liquid in the immersion tank.

[0018] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further comprises a connecting bracket, one end of the connecting bracket is connected to the mounting body, and the other end of the connecting bracket is connected to the cover body or the top of the battery assembly or the shell body, so that the mounting body is fixed relative to the box body.

[0019] In some embodiments, the total opening area S1 of the plurality of groups of spray ports and the bottom surface area S2 of the mounting body satisfy the relationship: S1≤0.1S2.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present application, another aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an energy storage system comprising the above-mentioned energy storage device.

[0021] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application have at least the following advantages:

[0022] The cooling assembly is arranged on the top of the battery assembly, and the cooling liquid can be directly sprayed onto the upper surface of the battery assembly through the multiple groups of spray nozzles, thereby compensating for the insufficient cooling of the upper part of the battery assembly in the traditional immersion cooling mode, improving the overall cooling uniformity of the battery assembly, and especially improving the cooling effect of the upper part of the battery module. The first flow channel and the multiple second flow channels are arranged in the mounting body, and the multiple second flow channels cover the top of the battery assembly. In this way, the cooling liquid can be pre-distributed in the first flow channel before entering the top of the battery assembly, and then uniformly distributed to each second flow channel, and then uniformly sprayed onto the battery assembly through the multiple groups of spray nozzles, thereby avoiding local overcooling or overheating caused by concentrated spraying of the cooling liquid, and enhancing the cooling efficiency and the safety of the battery assembly. In addition, the uniform and effective cooling ensures the temperature stability of the battery assembly during operation, avoids the performance degradation of the battery cell caused by local overheating, helps to prolong the service life of the battery assembly, improves the comprehensive performance and economic benefit of the energy storage device, and solves the problem of poor cooling effect of the upper part of the battery module in the immersion cooling mode of the battery pack in the prior art. At the same time, the multiple flow channels and multiple spray nozzles of the cooling assembly can adjust the number and position of the spray nozzles, as well as the flow and pressure of the cooling liquid according to the specific needs of different battery assemblies, so that the technical solution has high adaptability and flexibility when processing different types and sizes of battery assemblies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] One or more embodiments are exemplarily illustrated by the figures in the corresponding drawings, which do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments unless specifically stated. The figures in the drawings do not constitute a proportional limitation; in order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0024] Figure 1 An exploded view of an energy storage device provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 A structural schematic view of a cooling assembly of an energy storage device provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 And Figure 4 A sectional view of a liquid passage of an energy storage device provided by the embodiments of the present application.

[0027] 10, box body; 11, cover body; 12, shell; 13, immersion tank; 14, first liquid passage; 15, second liquid passage; 20, battery assembly; 30, cooling assembly; 31, mounting body; 32, first flow channel; 33, second flow channel; 34, liquid inlet; 35, spray opening; 36, liquid passage; 360, first hole section; 361, second hole section; 40, partition component; 41, liquid distribution opening; 42, first partition; 420, partition section; 4201, sub-plate; 43, second partition; 50, guide component; 51, guide piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] As can be known from the background, a battery pack is a key target for rapid development of energy storage systems. In order to ensure the safety and efficiency of the battery pack under high-power operation, it is necessary to effectively take away the heat generated by the battery pack during operation. However, the immersion cooling method of the battery pack has poor cooling effect on the upper part of the battery module.

[0029] The embodiments of the present application provide an energy storage device and an energy storage system.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", and the like are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited.

[0031] In this document, the reference to "embodiments" means that the specific features, structures or characteristics described in connection with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily mean that the same embodiments are referred to, nor does it mean that independent or alternative embodiments are mutually exclusive or alternative to each other. The skilled person explicitly and implicitly understands that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0032] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can mean that A exists, A and B exist, and B exists. In addition, the character " / " in this document generally represents a "or" relationship between the front and rear associated objects.

[0033] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" refers to two or more groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more pieces (including two pieces).

[0034] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.

[0035] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified and limited, the technical terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, can be fixedly connected, or can be detachably connected, or can be integrated; can be mechanically connected, or can be electrically connected; can be directly connected, or can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium; can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] In the corresponding drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the thickness and area of the layer are enlarged for better understanding and convenient description. When describing a component (such as a layer, a film, a region or a substrate) on or on the surface of another component, the component can be "directly" on the surface of the other component, or a third component can exist between the two components. On the contrary, when describing a component on the surface of another component or a component surface forming or being provided with another component, it is indicated that there is no third component between the two components. In addition, when a component is described as "formed substantially" on another component, it means that the component is not formed on the entire surface (or front surface) of the other component, nor on the edge of the entire surface.

[0037] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, when a certain component "includes" another component, unless otherwise specified, other components are not excluded, and other components can also be further included. In addition, when a layer, film, region or plate and the like is referred to as "on / over" another component, it can be "directly on" another component (i.e. between the surface of another component and another component without other components), or another component can exist therebetween. In addition, when a layer, film, region, plate and the like is "directly on" another component, or when a layer, film, region, plate and the like is on the surface of another component, it is indicated that there is no other component therebetween.

[0038] The terminology used in the description of the various described embodiments herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in the description of the various embodiments and the appended claims, the phrase "the part" is intended to also include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Among other things, parts include components such as layers, films, regions, or plates.

[0039] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, wherein:

[0040] According to some embodiments of the present application, as shown in Figures 1 to 4 According to some embodiments of the present application, as shown in

[0041] By arranging the cooling assembly 30 on the top of the battery assembly 20, especially the multiple groups of spray nozzles 35 arranged therein, the cooling liquid can be directly sprayed onto the upper surface of the battery assembly 20, which makes up for the insufficient cooling of the upper part of the battery assembly 20 in the traditional immersion cooling mode, helps to improve the overall cooling uniformity of the battery assembly 20, and especially improves the cooling effect of the upper part of the battery module. The first flow channel 32 and multiple second flow channels 33 are arranged in the mounting body 31, and the multiple second flow channels 33 cover the top of the battery assembly 20. Such a design can ensure that the cooling liquid is pre-distributed in the first flow channel 32 before entering the top of the battery assembly 20, and then uniformly distributed to each second flow channel 33, and then uniformly sprayed onto the battery assembly 20 through multiple groups of spray nozzles 35, which avoids the local overcooling or overheating caused by concentrated spraying of the cooling liquid, and enhances the cooling efficiency and safety of the battery assembly 20. Moreover, uniform and effective cooling ensures the temperature stability of the battery assembly 20 during operation, avoids the performance degradation of the battery cell caused by local overheating, helps to prolong the service life of the battery assembly 20, improves the overall performance and economic benefit of the energy storage device, and solves the problem of poor cooling effect of the upper part of the battery module in the immersion cooling mode of the battery pack in the prior art. At the same time, the multi-flow channel and multi-spray nozzle 35 design of the cooling assembly 30 can adjust the number and position of the spray nozzles 35, as well as the flow and pressure of the cooling liquid according to the specific needs of different battery assemblies 20, so that the technical scheme has high adaptability and flexibility when dealing with different types and sizes of battery assemblies 20.

[0042] In the above embodiment, the mounting body 31 is respectively provided with multiple groups of liquid passages 36 corresponding to the multiple groups of spray nozzles 35, each group of liquid passages 36 includes multiple liquid passages 36 corresponding to the multiple spray nozzles 35, and the second flow channel 33 communicates with the spray nozzle 35 through the liquid passage 36; wherein the diameter of the liquid passage 36 is the same as the diameter of the spray nozzle 35; or the diameter of the liquid passage 36 gradually decreases from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body 31, and the minimum diameter of the liquid passage 36 is the same as the diameter of the spray nozzle 35.

[0043] When the diameter of the liquid passage 36 is the same as the diameter of the spray nozzle 35, the cooling liquid can flow into the corresponding spray nozzle 35 without obstruction, which ensures the uniform distribution of the cooling liquid, which is beneficial to achieving consistent spraying effect on the entire top surface of the battery assembly 20, thereby improving the uniformity of cooling. When the diameter of the liquid passage 36 gradually decreases from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body 31, it will increase the flow rate of the cooling liquid near the spray nozzle 35, which helps to form a stronger spraying effect, thereby forming an effect of uniformly spraying the top of the battery assembly 20, which can more effectively and accurately spray the cooling liquid to the specified position, avoiding the situation of local overcooling or overheating, and improving the distribution effect of the cooling liquid on the battery assembly 20.

[0044] By precisely matching the diameters of the liquid passage 36 and the spray opening 35, or using a gradually changing diameter design, the additional resistance of the cooling liquid during distribution can be reduced, the energy consumption of the cooling system is lowered, and the cooling efficiency is improved. This is because a reasonable flow channel design can promote the smooth flow of the cooling liquid, avoiding unnecessary pressure loss and turbulent flow, thereby improving the fluid dynamics performance of the entire system. As can be seen, not only is the distribution of the cooling liquid on the battery assembly 20 improved, the uniformity and efficiency of cooling are improved, but the energy consumption and complexity of the system are also reduced, and the reliability and maintainability of the cooling system are enhanced. When the liquid passage 36 is designed with a gradually changing diameter, the diameter is reduced near the spray opening 35, which can increase the speed and pressure of the cooling liquid spray, forming finer droplets and enhancing the spraying effect. When the high-speed sprayed cooling liquid contacts the surface of the battery assembly 20, it can quickly take away heat.

[0045] In the above embodiments, the spray opening 35 is circular, and the orifice of the liquid passage 36 is circular.

[0046] Alternatively, the spray opening 35 and the liquid passage 36 are other shapes to adapt to the specific needs of different battery assemblies 20 for adjustment, and the spray opening 35 and the liquid passage 36 are adaptively arranged.

[0047] In the above embodiments, each liquid passage 36 includes a first hole section 360 and a second hole section 361 that are sequentially communicated in the direction from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body 31. By dividing the liquid passage 36 into the first hole section 360 and the second hole section 361, the flow path of the cooling liquid can be optimized. The first hole section 360 can be designed to be wider to reduce the initial resistance of the cooling liquid flow, facilitating the rapid entry of the cooling liquid, while the second hole section 361 can be designed to be narrower or longer to form a liquid passage 36 with a diameter that gradually decreases in the direction from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body 31, to increase the speed of the cooling liquid flowing through it, forming a more powerful spraying effect. This design helps to form a uniform and dense distribution of cooling liquid on the top surface of the battery assembly 20, improving the cooling efficiency. And the above design can be adjusted by adjusting the size of the first hole section 360 and the second hole section 361 to adapt to different cooling needs and battery assembly 20 layouts, improving the flexibility and adaptability of the cooling system. As can be seen, the design of dividing the liquid passage 36 into the first hole section 360 and the second hole section 361 not only improves the flow performance and spraying effect of the cooling liquid, but also enhances the flexibility, efficiency and safety of the cooling system by precisely controlling the distribution and flow path of the cooling liquid.

[0048] In the above embodiments, as Figure 3As shown, when the second hole section 361 is a cylindrical hole, the first hole section 360 is a cylindrical hole with the same diameter as the second hole section 361; or, the first hole section 360 is a cylindrical hole with a larger diameter than the second hole section 361; or, the first hole section 360 is a conical hole with a gradually decreasing diameter along the direction from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body 31, and the smallest diameter of the first hole section 360 is the same as the diameter of the second hole section 361.

[0049] In the first embodiment of the liquid passage hole 36, the first hole section 360 is a cylindrical hole with the same diameter as the second hole section 361, so that the cooling liquid does not encounter significant changes in diameter during the flow through the two hole sections, thereby maintaining a constant flow rate and pressure, which is conducive to uniform distribution of the cooling liquid. This design is suitable for cases where the cooling liquid pressure is stable and does not need to be specially adjusted for flow rate, ensuring the consistency of the cooling effect.

[0050] In the second embodiment of the liquid passage hole 36, the first hole section 360 is a cylindrical hole with a larger diameter than the second hole section 361, and the larger first hole section 360 can act as a certain buffer before the cooling liquid enters the second hole section 361, reducing the initial turbulence of the cooling liquid flow, which helps to smooth the pressure fluctuations and ensures that the cooling liquid is sprayed onto the battery assembly 20 in a more stable state, improving the controllability and efficiency of cooling.

[0051] In the third embodiment of the liquid passage hole 36, the first hole section 360 is designed as a conical hole with a gradually decreasing diameter along the direction from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body 31, so that the flow space of the cooling liquid gradually narrows along the direction from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body 31, which will cause the pressure and velocity of the liquid to gradually increase. When the cooling liquid reaches the second hole section 361, it will be sprayed out at a higher velocity, forming a more concentrated and powerful cooling liquid jet that precisely hits the hot spot of the battery assembly 20, significantly improving the cooling efficiency and targeting. And the conical design of the first hole section 360 ensures effective spraying of the cooling liquid while reducing frictional losses when the cooling liquid enters the liquid passage hole 36 by providing a larger inlet at the front end, thereby reducing the required pressure and energy consumption for pumping the cooling liquid. This design maintains the cooling effect while improving the energy utilization efficiency of the system and reducing operating costs.

[0052] In this way, the design of the first hole section 360 and the second hole section 361 provides multiple configuration options, allowing the size relationship between the first hole section 360 and the second hole section 361 to be adjusted flexibly according to different battery assemblies 20 and cooling requirements. For example, in the case of requiring rapid heat dissipation, the ratio of the diameter of the first hole section 360 to the diameter of the second hole section 361 can be increased to increase the pressure and injection speed of the cooling liquid; while in the case of requiring moderate and uniform cooling, an equal-diameter design can be adopted to reduce flow resistance and turbulence effects. At the same time, the design of the first hole section 360 in different shapes provides more extensive adjustment possibilities, so that when the system is maintained or performance is optimized, the flow rate and pressure of the cooling liquid can be adjusted by simply changing the size and shape of the first hole section 360, without having to change other parts of the cooling system, greatly improving the convenience of maintenance and adjustment.

[0053] In the above embodiments, as shown in Figure 4 the first hole section 360 is a cylindrical hole with the same diameter as the maximum diameter of the second hole section 361, or the first hole section 360 is a conical hole with a diameter gradually decreasing from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body 31, and the minimum diameter of the first hole section 360 is the same as the maximum diameter of the second hole section 361.

[0054] In the fourth embodiment of the liquid passage hole 36, the second hole section 361 is a conical hole with a diameter gradually decreasing from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body 31, and the first hole section 360 is a cylindrical hole with the same diameter as the maximum diameter of the second hole section 361. The cooling liquid first passes through the first hole section 360 without diameter change, ensuring smooth flow of the cooling liquid before entering the second hole section 361. As the cooling liquid enters the second hole section 361, the fluid resistance increases due to the gradually decreasing diameter, and the flow rate increases accordingly, and the pressure also increases correspondingly, so that a high-speed jet is formed at the injection outlet, enhancing the impact and cooling effect of the cooling liquid on the upper region of the battery assembly 20, and improving the cooling uniformity. Moreover, the cylindrical design of the first hole section 360 can reduce the friction loss of the cooling liquid when entering the liquid passage hole 36, reducing energy consumption; the conical hole design of the second hole section 361 causes the flow rate of the cooling liquid to increase significantly when approaching the injection outlet, forming a more concentrated and directional jet, which can more accurately target the upper region of the battery assembly 20, thereby improving the targeting of the cooling to ensure uniform distribution of the cooling liquid while increasing the injection power and reducing the loss of cooling efficiency due to uneven flow rate.

[0055] In the fifth embodiment of the liquid passage hole 36, the first hole section 360 is also a conical hole with a diameter gradually decreasing along the direction from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body 31, and the minimum diameter is the same as the maximum diameter of the second hole section 361. This design provides greater flexibility, and the taper of the first hole section 360 can be adjusted according to the pressure and flow requirements of the cooling liquid to achieve the best cooling effect. Moreover, the design of the first hole section 360 and the second hole section 361 as conical holes helps to form more stable and controllable jets at the spray outlet, reducing the risk of turbulent flow due to excessive flow rate of the cooling liquid, avoiding direct impact of the cooling liquid on the upper part of the battery assembly 20, and reducing potential safety hazards of the cooling system. At the same time, this design is also suitable for battery assemblies 20 of different sizes and shapes, enhancing the versatility and adaptability of the cooling system.

[0056] In the above embodiments, the diameter R1 of the first hole section 360 satisfies: 1mm≤R1≤1.5mm; and the diameter R2 of the second hole section 361 satisfies: 0.5mm≤R2≤1mm. The above design can ensure stable flow rate of the cooling liquid when passing through, ensuring the cooling effect and avoiding low flow rate caused by too small hole diameter or uneven distribution of the cooling liquid caused by too large hole diameter. Precise flow control helps to improve the uniformity and efficiency of cooling, reducing waste of cooling liquid. The smaller diameter R2 (0.5mm to 1mm) of the second hole section 361 helps to form high-speed jets at the spray outlet 35, improving the jet power of the cooling liquid, which is particularly important for cooling the upper region of the battery assembly 20, effectively removing heat and avoiding local overheating, improving the thermal stability and life of the battery assembly 20. By optimizing the hole diameter, friction loss of the cooling liquid during flow can be reduced, reducing the required pressure and energy consumption of the cooling system. Especially during the cooling liquid spraying stage, reasonable hole diameter design can ensure high-efficiency spraying of the cooling liquid at low energy consumption, improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0057] In the above embodiments, a first filter screen is provided in the first hole section 360 for filtering the cooling liquid. By providing a first filter screen in the first hole section 360, large particles in the cooling liquid can be filtered out, preventing these impurities from causing blockage or damage to the battery assembly 20 before entering the hole section. This helps to maintain the cleanliness of the inside of the cooling system, prolongs the service life of the system, and reduces maintenance costs.

[0058] In the above embodiment, a second filter screen is provided within the second orifice section 361 for filtering the coolant. By providing a second filter screen within the second orifice section 361, smaller impurities in the coolant can be further filtered out, ensuring the purity of the liquid flow before spraying. This optimizes the coolant flow rate, spray effect, and system cleanliness, improving cooling efficiency, reducing energy consumption, and enhancing system compatibility, safety, and reliability. The second orifice section 361 has a small diameter, making it more susceptible to clogging by impurities. The filter screen avoids this problem, ensuring consistent spraying effect and system reliability.

[0059] In the above embodiment, the opening diameter of the plurality of liquid passage holes 36 in each of the second flow channels 33 gradually increases along the direction away from the first flow channel 32. In the initial stage of coolant flow, the first flow channel 32 typically experiences higher pressure, while the pressure gradually decreases as the coolant enters each of the second flow channels 33. By designing the opening diameter of the liquid passage holes 36 to gradually increase, the flow resistance of the coolant in the far-end holes within the second flow channels 33 can be reduced, lowering the total pressure required to pump the coolant, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the cooling system and improving energy efficiency. This helps to balance the flow resistance of the coolant from the first flow channel 32 to each of the second flow channels 33, ensuring that the coolant can be more evenly distributed from the first flow channel 32 into the multiple second flow channels 33, especially in the areas of the second flow channels 33 far from the first flow channel 32. This design, through natural physical flow properties, guides more coolant to areas far from the first flow channel 32, overcoming the problem of uneven coolant distribution caused by changes in flow channel distance.

[0060] Furthermore, the gradient orifice design allows the cooling system to better adapt to battery modules 20 with different power densities and heat source distributions. For battery modules 20 with dense but unevenly distributed heat sources, this design can optimize the local spray intensity of the coolant by dynamically adjusting the orifice size, ensuring that all battery cells are effectively cooled. The smaller opening diameter of the liquid passage 36 near the first flow channel 32 allows for control of the coolant flow rate at this location, preventing excessive coolant concentration near the proximal end from causing localized low temperatures in the battery module 20, which could affect battery performance or lifespan. As the orifice size gradually increases, the coolant distribution becomes more uniform, reducing the possibility of localized overcooling.

[0061] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cooling assembly 30 also includes: a partition component 40, which is disposed inside the mounting body 31 to form a first flow channel 32 and a plurality of second flow channels 33 between the partition component 40 and the inner wall of the mounting body 31 respectively. The partition component 40 is provided with a plurality of liquid distribution ports 41 that correspond one-to-one with the plurality of second flow channels 33. The first flow channel 32 is connected to the second flow channel 33 through the liquid distribution ports 41.

[0062] The present application can precisely distribute the cooling liquid from the first flow channel 32 to the multiple second flow channels 33 through the partition component 40. Each distribution port 41 corresponds to a second flow channel 33, and the flow rate and pressure of the cooling liquid can be independently controlled to ensure that the cooling liquid uniformly covers each area on the top of the battery assembly 20, especially in the part where the heat source is concentrated, thereby improving the uniformity and efficiency of cooling. The distribution ports 41 on the partition component 40 can be designed with different apertures and shapes to meet different cooling needs. For example, for the battery area where the heat source is more concentrated, the distribution ports 41 with larger apertures can be designed to increase the flow rate of the cooling liquid; and for the area with lower temperature, the apertures can be reduced to avoid excessive cooling.

[0063] In addition, the design of the partition component 40 and the distribution ports 41 can reduce the turbulence of the cooling liquid during flow, thereby reducing the frictional resistance in the system. Through the cooperative work of the partition component 40 and the distribution ports 41, the flow rate and distribution of the cooling liquid can be effectively controlled to avoid local overheating or overcooling caused by uneven distribution of the cooling liquid, thereby increasing the safety of the battery assembly 20, reducing the risk of battery performance degradation, and prolonging the service life of the battery. In addition, the partition component 40 simplifies the overall structure of the cooling system, reduces the use of complex pipelines, and makes the entire cooling assembly 30 more compact and easy to manufacture. At the same time, the independent design of the distribution ports 41 facilitates maintenance and adjustment. If a distribution port 41 fails, it can be replaced or repaired individually without affecting the operation of the entire system.

[0064] In the above embodiment, the partition component 40 includes: a first partition 42 arranged in the mounting body 31 and arranged parallel to an inner side wall of the mounting body 31, so that the first partition 42 and part of the inner wall of the mounting body 31 form the first flow channel 32, and multiple distribution ports 41 are arranged on the first partition 42; multiple second partitions 43 are arranged in the mounting body 31 and are connected to the first partition 42 perpendicularly along the extension direction of the first partition 42, and adjacent two second partitions 43 and the second partition 43 and part of the inner wall of the mounting body 31 form the second flow channel 33, respectively.

[0065] The first flow channel 32 formed by the first partition plate 42 and the inner side wall of the mounting body 31 being parallelly arranged can provide a main passage for the flow of the cooling liquid. Such parallel arrangement reduces the turbulence of the cooling liquid, ensuring smooth flow of the cooling liquid from the liquid inlet 34 to the distribution ports 41, which helps to reduce the energy consumption of the system. The plurality of distribution ports 41 are arranged at intervals on the first partition plate 42, which can uniformly distribute the cooling liquid into each second flow channel 33, overcoming the limitation that the cooling liquid is easily concentrated in certain areas in traditional cooling systems, ensuring thermal balance of the entire battery pack and preventing local overcooling or overheating. The second partition plate 43 is connected perpendicularly to the first partition plate 42, and a plurality of second flow channels 33 are formed between the plurality of second partition plates 43. Such a layout enables the cooling liquid to be evenly distributed to each area on the top of the battery assembly 20 when entering the second flow channel 33, optimizing the coverage range and cooling effect of the cooling liquid. It can be seen that the arrangement of the first partition plate 42 and the plurality of second partition plates 43 not only optimizes the flow channel design of the cooling liquid, but also strengthens the overall structure of the cooling assembly 30, improving its stability in a vibrating or impacting environment. Moreover, the manufacturing process of the cooling assembly 30 is simplified, and the dependence on complex flow channel structures is reduced, which is conducive to mass production and reduces production costs. At the same time, such a design also helps to reduce material waste and improve resource utilization.

[0066] In the above embodiment, the first partition plate 42 includes a plurality of partition plate segments 420 connected in sequence, and the plurality of partition plate segments 420 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of second flow channels 33. The partition plate segment 420 includes two sub-plates 4201 arranged oppositely, and the distribution port 41 is formed between the two sub-plates 4201. In this way, each partition plate segment 420 can independently control and distribute the cooling liquid to the top area of the corresponding battery assembly 20. The distribution port 41 between the two oppositely arranged sub-plates 4201 can adjust the aperture according to specific needs, thereby accurately controlling the flow and pressure of the cooling liquid, ensuring uniform coverage of the cooling liquid and improving the cooling efficiency. By adjusting the number, position of the partition plate segment 420 and the size of the distribution port 41, the cooling liquid distribution can be customized according to the heat source distribution characteristics of different energy storage devices, thereby more effectively managing and controlling the temperature of the energy storage device, avoiding local overheating or overcooling, and improving the thermal management performance of the battery assembly 20.

[0067] In the above embodiment, a third filter screen is arranged in each distribution port 41 for filtering the cooling liquid. By arranging the third filter screen in each distribution port 41, the cooling liquid flowing from the first flow channel 32 into the second flow channel 33 can be further filtered of small impurities, reducing potential damage to the battery assembly 20. Such multiple filtering measures enhance the reliability and durability of the cooling system, reducing maintenance frequency and cost.

[0068] In the above embodiments, the mounting body 31, the first partition plate 42 and the plurality of second partition plates 43 are integrally formed. Through the integrally formed cooling assembly 30 design, the integration of the components inside the system is improved, so that the cooling system can be more compact, and it is easier to integrate into the battery pack or other energy storage devices. And reduce the assembly steps and the number of components required, simplify the manufacturing process of the cooling assembly 30, not only can improve the production efficiency, but also can reduce the product quality problems caused by assembly error, thereby reducing the overall production cost. Compared with the traditional assembly type design, it has higher structural stability. Reduce the joints and connection points, which means fewer potential leakage points and stronger anti-vibration ability.

[0069] In some embodiments, the mounting body 31 is provided with a guide component 50 inside the first flow channel 32 for guiding the cooling liquid flowing into each distribution port 41 through the liquid inlet 34. The setting of the guide component 50 in the embodiments of the present application can ensure that the cooling liquid is evenly and accurately distributed to each distribution port 41 in the first flow channel 32, avoiding the uneven flow phenomenon that may occur when there is no guide. This optimized distribution strategy helps to improve the cooling efficiency and ensure that each battery cell is fully cooled to maintain the overall temperature balance of the battery pack. And by controlling the flow direction of the cooling liquid through the guide component 50, precise regulation of the flow and pressure of the cooling liquid can be achieved. Especially in situations where certain specific battery cells need to be intensively cooled, the guide component 50 can increase the flow of cooling liquid in a targeted manner to improve the accuracy of cooling. Moreover, the design of the guide component 50 can also reduce the turbulence of the cooling liquid in the flow channel, thereby reducing the fluid resistance and the energy consumption required for pumping the cooling liquid. The optimized flow channel layout and guide mechanism enable the cooling system to achieve high-efficiency cooling with lower energy consumption, significantly optimizing the distribution of cooling liquid, improving cooling precision and efficiency, while reducing energy consumption, enhancing the reliability and safety of the system, reducing maintenance costs, and prolonging the service life of the system.

[0070] In the above embodiments, the liquid inlet 34 is located at one end of the first flow channel 32, and the guide component 50 includes a plurality of guide pieces 51, which are respectively arranged in the first flow channel 32 and correspond to the plurality of distribution ports 41 one by one. The guide piece 51 is an arc-shaped plate segment protruding from the inner bottom surface of the mounting body 31, and the curvature of the plurality of guide pieces 51 gradually increases in the direction away from the liquid inlet 34.

[0071] The guide member 51 of the arc-shaped plate segment in the embodiments of the present application can guide the uniform distribution of the cooling liquid along the first flow channel 32 to each distribution port 41. Since the cooling liquid enters from one end, the resistance and pressure drop will gradually increase as the fluid advances. By designing the gradually increasing curvature of the guide member 51, this physical effect can be balanced, ensuring that the front and rear distribution ports 41 can receive sufficient cooling liquid. Moreover, the design of the arc-shaped plate segment can improve the flow state of the cooling liquid, reduce vortex and turbulence, and improve the fluid dynamics efficiency. As the curvature of the guide member 51 increases, the flow path of the cooling liquid is more effectively controlled, reducing the pressure loss of the fluid when turning, and improving the flow efficiency of the cooling liquid. By precisely controlling the flow path and speed of the cooling liquid, the guide member 51 can ensure that the cooling liquid has similar speed and pressure before entering each distribution port 41, thereby improving the cooling uniformity of each part of the battery module and avoiding thermal stress and performance degradation caused by uneven cooling. It can be seen that the design of the guide member 51 not only optimizes the distribution and fluid dynamics performance of the cooling liquid, improves the cooling uniformity and system efficiency, but also enhances the reliability, response speed and maintenance convenience of the system.

[0072] In the above embodiments, the guide member protrudes from the inner bottom surface of the mounting body to have a first height, and the first partition plate has a second height, and the first height H1 and the second height H2 satisfy: H1≥1 / 3H2. The above setting, when the cooling liquid flows through the guide member, the higher guide member can produce stronger turbulent effect, which helps to improve the agitation degree and fluid distribution uniformity of the cooling liquid, thereby further improving the cooling efficiency. And it helps to maintain a certain liquid level stability during the cooling process, prevents the fluctuation of the cooling liquid caused by pressure change, and ensures the stable operation of the system.

[0073] In some embodiments, the box 10 includes a cover 11 and a shell 12 connected to each other, the shell 12 has an immersion tank 13 for accommodating the battery assembly 20, the shell 12 is provided with a first liquid passage 14 and a second liquid passage 15 from top to bottom, the first liquid passage 14 and the second liquid passage 15 are respectively communicated with the immersion tank 13, the liquid inlet 34 on the mounting body 31 is connected with one of the first liquid passage 14 and the second liquid passage 15, and the other of the first liquid passage 14 and the second liquid passage 15 is used for discharging the cooling liquid in the immersion tank 13. Wherein, when the liquid inlet 34 of the mounting body 31 is communicated with the second liquid passage 15, and the immersion tank 13 is communicated with the first liquid passage 14, the position of the first liquid passage 14 is lower than that of the mounting body 31.

[0074] In the embodiments of the present application, the first and second liquid passing pipes 14 and 15 are designed from top to bottom, so that the cooling liquid is supplied into the installation body 31 from one of the liquid passing pipes, and then sprayed to the top of the battery assembly 20 and into the immersion tank 13. The cooling liquid in the immersion tank 13 can naturally sink around the battery assembly 20 and immerse the battery assembly 20, and then be discharged by the other pipe. This way reduces the burden of pumping and improves the natural flow of the cooling liquid circulation, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the system. The connection of the liquid inlet 34 and one of the liquid passing pipes ensures that the cooling liquid can be effectively introduced into the immersion tank 13 through the installation body 31, and the other liquid passing pipe is used to discharge the cooling liquid, realizing the orderly entry and exit of the cooling liquid. This design is conducive to the uniform distribution and efficient recycling of the cooling liquid, avoiding the problems of accumulation or uneven circulation of the cooling liquid in the immersion tank 13.

[0075] In some embodiments, a third partition is arranged in the shell 12 to divide the immersion tank 13 into a liquid storage cavity and an overflow cavity, the height of the overflow cavity is lower than that of the liquid storage cavity, and a communication port is arranged on one end of the third partition close to the bottom of the shell 12 to communicate the liquid paths of the liquid storage cavity and the overflow cavity. The overflow cavity is used to communicate with one of the first and second liquid passing pipes 14 and 15 to discharge the cooling liquid flowing from the liquid storage cavity into the overflow cavity, and the battery assembly 20 is arranged in the liquid storage cavity. Through the design of the liquid storage cavity and the overflow cavity, the cooling liquid in the shell 12 circulates. In this way, through the height setting of the liquid storage cavity and the overflow cavity, the natural overflow of the cooling liquid after the battery assembly is fully cooled is ensured. Both the normal flow of the cooling liquid is maintained and the potential risk of direct overflow of the shell 12 is avoided, improving the stability and safety of the cooling system. Through the liquid path communication between the liquid storage cavity and the overflow cavity, the cooling liquid can flow freely between them. When the amount of cooling liquid in the liquid storage cavity exceeds the required amount, the excess cooling liquid will automatically flow to the overflow cavity without overflowing the shell 12. The battery assembly is arranged in the liquid storage cavity, and the height of the overflow cavity is higher than the top end of the battery assembly, ensuring that the battery assembly is completely immersed in the cooling liquid. This design greatly improves the contact area between the cooling liquid and the battery assembly, which is conducive to the uniform cooling of the battery assembly, reduces the risk of local overheating, and improves the operating efficiency and service life of the battery assembly.

[0076] In some embodiments, the energy storage device further comprises a connecting bracket, one end of the connecting bracket is connected with the mounting body 31, and the other end of the connecting bracket is connected with the top of the battery assembly 20 or the shell 12 or the cover 11, so that the mounting body 31 is fixed relative to the box body 10. In the embodiments of the present application, the use of the connecting bracket can significantly increase the mechanical connection between the mounting body 31 and the box body 10, and improve the structural stability of the entire system. During transportation or use, even if vibration or impact is encountered, such a fixing mode can ensure that the cooling assembly 30 does not displace, maintains the integrity of the cooling flow channel, and prevents cooling liquid leakage or flow path change. By accurately fixing the mounting body 31 at a predetermined position, the connecting bracket can ensure the correct position of the cooling assembly 30 relative to the battery assembly 20, thereby ensuring that the cooling liquid can effectively flow along the designed path, achieving the expected cooling effect, and helping to improve the cooling efficiency and the service life of the battery assembly 20. Moreover, the design of the connecting bracket simplifies the installation process of the cooling assembly 30, and reduces the assembly difficulty and cost through bolts, buckles and other connecting components. At the same time, the connecting bracket is also helpful for subsequent maintenance work. For example, when the cooling assembly 30 needs to be replaced or overhauled, the use of the bracket can make the disassembly and reinstallation process more convenient, reduce the risk of thermal management failure caused by loose parts or position deviation, and ensure the long-term reliable operation of the cooling system, and ensure the performance stability and safety of the battery assembly 20.

[0077] In the above embodiments, the total opening area S1 of the plurality of spray nozzles 35 satisfies S1≤0.1S2, where S2 is the bottom surface area of the mounting body 31. In the embodiments of the present application, by limiting the total opening area of the spray nozzles 35 to be within 10% of the bottom surface area of the mounting body 31, the spray rate and pressure of the cooling liquid can be accurately controlled. A smaller opening area means that the cooling liquid will experience a larger local pressure increase when passing through the spray nozzles 35, forming a high-speed jet, which helps to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling liquid and the battery assembly 20. When the total opening area of the spray nozzles 35 is properly controlled to be within 10% of the bottom surface area of the mounting body 31, it can be ensured that the cooling liquid uniformly covers the top surface of the battery assembly 20 when sprayed, avoiding differences in cooling effect caused by uneven spraying, and helping to maintain the temperature balance of the battery assembly 20. Moreover, a smaller opening area of the spray nozzles 35 can control the loss rate of the cooling liquid, preventing the cooling liquid from flowing out of the spray nozzles 35 too quickly, and ensuring that the cooling liquid has enough residence time on the surface of the battery assembly 20 for sufficient heat exchange. At the same time, by adjusting the opening area of the spray nozzles 35, the spray rate and pressure of the cooling liquid can be flexibly controlled under different working conditions, improving the controllability and adjustability of the system when facing different cooling demands.

[0078] According to some embodiments of the present application, another aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an energy storage system comprising the above-mentioned energy storage device.

[0079] By adopting the above-mentioned energy storage device, the effective circulation of the cooling liquid inside the box body 10 can be ensured, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, and the problem that the upper part of the battery assembly 20 is hotter than the lower part is effectively solved. By effectively controlling the battery temperature, the risk of battery thermal runaway caused by high temperature is avoided, and the safety of the entire energy storage system is improved. The design of the energy storage system considers the needs of different scenarios, and by adjusting parameters such as the opening area of the spray opening 35 and the flow of the cooling liquid, the system can adapt to different capacity and type of battery packs, has good adaptability and expansibility, and is suitable for various energy storage application scenarios. Not only improves the overall efficiency and performance of the system, but also enhances the safety, reliability and aesthetics, while also reduces the operation and maintenance cost, showing a high degree of integration and adaptability, and is very suitable as part of a high-performance energy storage solution.

[0080] Those skilled in the art can understand that the above-mentioned embodiments are specific examples for implementing the present application, and in actual application, various changes can be made in form and details without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, therefore the protection scope of the present application should be limited by the scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that, include: Box (10); A battery assembly (20) is disposed within the housing (10); A cooling assembly (30) is disposed inside the housing (10) and located on top of the battery assembly (20). The cooling assembly (30) includes a mounting body (31). The mounting body (31) is provided with a first flow channel (32) and a plurality of second flow channels (33). The plurality of second flow channels (33) are disposed covering the top surface of the battery assembly (20). The plurality of second flow channels (33) are arranged side by side along the extension direction of the first flow channel (32) and are respectively connected to the first flow channel (32). The mounting body (31) is provided with a liquid inlet (34) connected to the first flow channel (32) for introducing coolant. The bottom surface of the mounting body (31) is provided with a plurality of spray nozzles (35) that are respectively connected to the plurality of second flow channels (33). Each set of spray nozzles (35) includes a plurality of spray nozzles (35) for spraying the coolant onto the battery assembly (20).

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting body (31) is provided with a plurality of liquid passage holes (36) corresponding to the plurality of spray ports (35). Each set of liquid passage holes (36) includes a plurality of liquid passage holes (36) corresponding to the plurality of spray ports (35). The second flow channel (33) is connected to the spray port (35) through the liquid passage holes (36). Wherein, the diameter of the liquid passage hole (36) is the same as the diameter of the spray nozzle (35); or, the diameter of the liquid passage hole (36) gradually decreases along the direction from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body (31), and the minimum diameter of the liquid passage hole (36) is the same as the diameter of the spray nozzle (35).

3. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the liquid passage holes (36) includes a first hole segment (360) and a second hole segment (361) that are sequentially connected along the direction from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body (31).

4. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the second hole segment (361) is a cylindrical hole, the first hole segment (360) is a cylindrical hole with the same diameter as the second hole segment (361); or, the first hole segment (360) is a cylindrical hole with a larger diameter than the second hole segment (361); or, the first hole segment (360) is a conical hole with a diameter that gradually decreases along the direction from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body (31), and the minimum diameter of the first hole segment (360) is the same as the diameter of the second hole segment (361).

5. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the second hole segment (361) is a conical hole with a diameter that gradually decreases along the direction from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body (31), the first hole segment (360) is a cylindrical hole, and the diameter of the first hole segment (360) is the same as the maximum diameter of the second hole segment (361); or, the first hole segment (360) is a conical hole with a diameter that gradually decreases along the direction from the top surface to the bottom surface of the mounting body (31), and the minimum diameter of the first hole segment (360) is the same as the maximum diameter of the second hole segment (361).

6. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, The diameter R1 of the first orifice (360) satisfies: 1mm≤R1≤1.5mm; and / or, the diameter R2 of the second orifice (361) satisfies: 0.5mm≤R2≤1mm; and / or, the first orifice (360) is provided with a first filter screen for filtering the coolant; and / or, the second orifice (361) is provided with a second filter screen for filtering the coolant.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The opening diameter of the plurality of liquid passage holes (36) in each of the second flow channels (33) gradually increases in the direction away from the first flow channel (32).

8. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling assembly (30) also includes: A partition component (40) is disposed inside the mounting body (31) to form a first flow channel (32) and a plurality of second flow channels (33) between itself and the inner wall of the mounting body (31). The partition component (40) is provided with a plurality of liquid outlets (41) corresponding to the plurality of second flow channels (33). The first flow channel (32) is connected to the second flow channel (33) through the liquid outlets (41).

9. The energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The partition component (40) includes: A first partition (42) is disposed inside the mounting body (31) and is disposed parallel to an inner sidewall of the mounting body (31) so that a first flow channel (32) is formed between the first partition (42) and a portion of the inner wall of the mounting body (31), and a plurality of liquid outlets (41) are disposed at intervals on the first partition (42). Multiple second partitions (43) are disposed within the mounting body (31) and are sequentially and perpendicularly connected to the first partition (42) along the extension direction of the first partition (42). A second flow channel (33) is formed between two adjacent second partitions (43) and a portion of the inner wall of the mounting body (31).

10. The energy storage device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The first partition (42) includes a plurality of partition segments (420) connected in sequence, the plurality of partition segments (420) being arranged one-to-one with a plurality of second flow channels (33), the partition segment (420) including two sub-plates (4201) arranged opposite to each other, the liquid distribution port (41) being formed between the two sub-plates (4201); and / or, each of the liquid distribution ports (41) is provided with a third filter screen for filtering the coolant; and / or, the mounting body (31), the first partition (42) and the plurality of second partitions (43) are integrally formed structures.

11. The energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The mounting body (31) is provided with a guide component (50) located in the first flow channel (32) to guide the coolant flowing in through the inlet (34) to each of the distributor ports (41).

12. The energy storage device according to claim 11, characterized in that, The inlet (34) is located at one end of the first flow channel (32), and the guide component (50) includes: Multiple guide members (51) are respectively disposed in the first flow channel (32) and are disposed in a corresponding manner to the multiple liquid outlets (41). The guide member (51) is an arc-shaped plate segment protruding from the inner bottom surface of the mounting body (31). The curvature of the multiple guide members (51) gradually increases in the direction away from the liquid inlet (34).

13. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing (10) includes a cover (11) and a shell (12) connected to each other. The shell (12) has an immersion tank (13) for accommodating the battery assembly (20). A first liquid passage (14) and a second liquid passage (15) are arranged on the shell (12) from top to bottom. The first liquid passage (14) and the second liquid passage (15) are respectively connected to the immersion tank (13). The liquid inlet (34) on the mounting body (31) is connected to one of the first liquid passage (14) and the second liquid passage (15). The other of the first liquid passage (14) and the second liquid passage (15) is used to discharge the coolant in the immersion tank (13).

14. The energy storage device according to claim 13, characterized in that, The energy storage device also includes: A connecting bracket is provided, one end of which is connected to the mounting body (31), and the other end of which is connected to the top of the cover (11) or the battery assembly (20) or the housing (12) to fix the mounting body (31) relative to the housing (10).

15. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sum of the opening areas S1 of the multiple sets of spray nozzles (35) and the bottom surface area S2 of the mounting body (31) satisfy the following condition: S1≤0.1S2.

16. An energy storage system, characterized in that, The energy storage device includes any one of claims 1 to 15.

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