Back contact type photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention discloses a back contact type photovoltaic module, and belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic modules. Comprising a battery piece, and a first surface of the battery piece is provided with first fine grids and second fine grids which extend along a first direction and are alternately arranged at intervals along a second direction; the first electric connecting piece extends in the second direction and is arranged on the first surface of the battery piece, the first electric connecting piece is electrically connected to the first fine grid, a first insulating block is arranged between the first electric connecting piece and the second fine grid, and the extension length of the first insulating block in the first direction is W1; the first bus bar assembly extends in the first direction and is arranged on the first surface of the battery piece, the first bus bar assembly comprises at least two insulation parts and at least one conduction part, the conduction part is located between the two adjacent insulation parts, the conduction part is electrically connected with the first electric connecting piece, the extension length of the conduction part in the first direction is W2, and the extension length of the conduction part in the second direction is W3. An overlapping part is arranged between the insulating part and the first insulating block, the length of the overlapping part in the first direction is W3, W1 > W2, and W3 > = 1mm.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of photovoltaic module technology, specifically to a back-contact photovoltaic module. Background Technology

[0002] Back-contact photovoltaic (PV) modules, as a type of PV module, are characterized by high photoelectric conversion efficiency and excellent appearance. A back-contact PV module includes solar cells, solder ribbons, and a first busbar. The back of the solar cell has a first grid and a second grid arranged alternately along a second direction, extending in a first direction, to collect charge carriers generated by the solar cell. The solder ribbon includes a first solder ribbon and a second solder ribbon, both located on the back of the solar cell. Both the first and second solder ribbons extend in the second direction and are arranged alternately along the first direction. The first solder ribbon connects to multiple first grids to collect charge carriers collected by the multiple first grids, and the second solder ribbon connects to multiple second grids to collect charge carriers collected by the multiple second grids. The first busbar is disposed on the back of the battery cell. The first busbar extends along the first direction and is electrically connected to the first solder strip, so as to collect the charge carriers collected by the multiple first solder strips through the first busbar and transmit the collected charge carriers to the external circuit.

[0003] In related technologies, to prevent the first busbar from conducting with the second solder strip, it is necessary to set an insulating block between the first busbar and the second solder strip. The insulating block will block the first busbar and the second solder strip, preventing them from conducting and causing a short circuit in the photovoltaic module, which would affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0004] However, during the manufacturing process of photovoltaic modules, the insulating block is prone to displacement and the welding material may melt and flow, causing the first busbar to come into direct or indirect contact with the second grid and conduction, resulting in a local short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application discloses a back-contact photovoltaic module to solve, or at least partially solve, the problem in the prior art where, during the processing of photovoltaic modules, the first busbar easily comes into direct or intermittent contact with the second grid, causing a local short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this application is implemented as follows:

[0007] This application discloses a back-contact photovoltaic module, which includes a solar cell having a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other. The first surface of the solar cell is provided with a first grid and a second grid that extend along a first direction and are alternately spaced along a second direction, the second direction intersecting the first direction. A first electrical connector extends along the second direction and is disposed on the first surface of the solar cell, electrically connected to the first grid. A first insulating block is disposed between the first electrical connector and the second grid, the first insulating block having an extension length of W1 along the first direction. A first busbar assembly extends along the first direction and is disposed on the first surface of the solar cell, the first busbar assembly including at least two insulating portions and at least one conductive portion. Along the first direction, the conductive portion is located between two adjacent insulating portions and is electrically connected to the first electrical connector. The extension length of the conductive portion along the first direction is W2. There is an overlap between the insulating portion and the first insulating block, the overlap having a length of W3 along the first direction, satisfying W1 > W2 and W3 ≥ 1 mm.

[0008] The back-contact photovoltaic module disclosed in this application has a first fine grid and a second fine grid arranged alternately along a second direction on the first surface of the solar cell to collect charge carriers generated by the solar cell. A first electrical connector extending along the second direction is provided on the first surface of the solar cell and is electrically connected to the first fine grid to collect the charge carriers collected by the first fine grid. A first insulating block is provided between the first electrical connector and the second fine grid to block contact and conduction between the first electrical connector and the second fine grid, preventing a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module.

[0009] Furthermore, a first busbar assembly is disposed on the first surface of the solar cell. The first busbar assembly extends along a first direction and includes at least two insulating portions and at least one conductive portion. Along the first direction, the conductive portion is located between two adjacent insulating portions and is electrically connected to a first electrical connector, so that the first busbar assembly can collect the charge carriers collected by the first electrical connector and transmit the collected charge carriers to an external circuit. The insulating portions can block the first busbar assembly from the second electrical connector and the second fine grid, preventing the first busbar assembly from conducting with the second electrical connector and the second fine grid, thus avoiding a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0010] Furthermore, in this application, the extension length W1 of the first insulating block along the first direction is set to be greater than the extension length W2 of the conductive portion along the first direction, so that the first insulating block can better block the conductive portion of the first busbar assembly and the second fine grid, avoiding the conductive portion of the first busbar assembly from being connected to the second fine grid, which would cause a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0011] Furthermore, in this application, the first insulating block and the insulating portion have an overlapping portion. The length W3 of the overlapping portion along the first direction is greater than or equal to 1 mm. It can be understood that, along the first direction, the length of the overlapping portion on one side of the conducting portion is greater than or equal to 1 mm, and the length of the overlapping portion on the other side of the conducting portion is also greater than or equal to 1 mm. This arrangement further ensures that the first insulating block can block the conducting portion of the first busbar assembly and the second fine grid, thereby preventing the conducting portion of the first busbar assembly from becoming connected to the second fine grid, which could lead to a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates a partial structure of the back-contact photovoltaic module described in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0013] Figure 2 This diagram illustrates a partial structure of the back-contact photovoltaic module described in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0014] Figure 3 This shows a partial cross-sectional view of the back-contact photovoltaic module described in the embodiments of this application in a first direction. Figure 1 ;

[0015] Figure 4 This shows a partial cross-sectional view of the back-contact photovoltaic module described in the embodiments of this application in a first direction. Figure 2 ;

[0016] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the back-contact photovoltaic module described in the embodiments of this application in a second direction;

[0017] Figure 6 This diagram illustrates the structure of the battery cell described in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0018] Figure 7 This diagram illustrates the structure of the battery cell described in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0019] Figure 8 This diagram illustrates the structure of the battery cell described in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 ;

[0020] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first end wire in the embodiment of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first end wire in the embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first end wire in the embodiment of this application. Figure 3 ;

[0023] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first end wire in the embodiment of this application. Figure 4 ;

[0024] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first end wire in the embodiment of this application. Figure 5 ;

[0025] Figure 14 This diagram illustrates a partial structure of the back-contact photovoltaic module described in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 ;

[0026] Figure 15 This diagram illustrates the structure of the back-contact photovoltaic module described in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 16 This diagram illustrates the structure of the back-contact photovoltaic module described in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 17 This diagram illustrates the structure of the back-contact photovoltaic module described in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 ;

[0029] Figure 18 This diagram illustrates a partial structure of the back-contact photovoltaic module described in the embodiments of this application. Figure 4 ;

[0030] Figure 19 This shows a partial cross-sectional view of the battery cell described in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 20 This shows a partial cross-sectional view of the battery cell described in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 .

[0032] Figure label:

[0033] 10: Solar cell; 11: First grid; 12: Second grid; 13: First side; 14: Second side; 15: First solar cell; 16: Second solar cell;

[0034] 20: First electrical connection;

[0035] 30: First insulating block;

[0036] 40: Insulating film; 41: Perforated section; 42: Insulating strip;

[0037] 50: First busbar;

[0038] 60: Second electrical connection;

[0039] 70: First pad; 71: First sub-pad;

[0040] 80: Second insulating block;

[0041] 90: First end line; 91: Sub-end line;

[0042] 100: First busbar;

[0043] X: First direction; Y: Second direction;

[0044] A: First area; B: Second area. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of the present invention.

[0046] It should be understood that the phrase "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Therefore, "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0047] This application discloses a back-contact photovoltaic module, which includes a solar cell 10. The solar cell 10 has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other. The first surface of the solar cell 10 is provided with a first grid 11 and a second grid 12 that extend along a first direction X and are alternately arranged along a second direction Y, the second direction Y intersecting the first direction X. A first electrical connector 20 extends along the second direction Y and is disposed on the first surface of the solar cell 10. The first electrical connector 20 is electrically connected to the first grid 11. A third... An insulating block 30 has an extension length of W1 along the first direction X; a first busbar assembly extends along the first direction X and is disposed on the first surface of the battery cell 10. The first busbar assembly includes at least two insulating portions and at least one conductive portion. Along the first direction X, the conductive portion is located between two adjacent insulating portions. The conductive portion is electrically connected to the first electrical connector 20. The extension length of the conductive portion along the first direction X is W2. There is an overlapping portion between the insulating portion and the first insulating block 30. The length of the overlapping portion along the first direction X is W3, satisfying W1 > W2 and W3 ≥ 1 mm.

[0048] This application discloses a back-contact photovoltaic module, which has the advantages of high photovoltaic conversion efficiency and beautiful appearance.

[0049] The back-contact photovoltaic module disclosed in this application includes a solar cell 10, which is the core component of the back-contact photovoltaic module and can convert solar energy into electrical energy. Along the thickness direction of the solar cell 10, the solar cell 10 has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other. When the first surface is the front side of the solar cell 10, that is, the light-receiving surface facing the sunlight, the second surface is the back side of the solar cell 10, that is, the back-shielded surface facing away from the sunlight. When the first surface is the back side of the solar cell 10, the first surface is the front side of the solar cell 10.

[0050] The following description will use the example of the back surface of the solar cell 10 and the front surface of the solar cell 10 to illustrate the back-contact photovoltaic module disclosed in this application.

[0051] On the plane containing the battery cell 10, the battery cell 10 has intersecting first direction X and second direction Y. Taking the battery cell 10 as a rectangular battery cell as an example, the first direction X can be the length direction of the battery cell 10, and the second direction Y can be the width direction of the battery cell 10. Alternatively, the first direction X can be the width direction of the battery cell 10, and the second direction Y can be the length direction of the battery cell 10. In this embodiment, no specific limitation is made. The following will use the example of the first direction X being the length direction of the battery cell 10 and the second direction Y being the width direction of the battery cell 10 to describe this application.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, the first surface of the battery cell 10, i.e., the back surface of the battery cell 10, is provided with a first fine grid 11 and a second fine grid 12 extending along a first direction X and alternately arranged along a second direction Y. The first fine grid 11 and the second fine grid 12 have opposite polarities to collect the charge carriers generated by the battery cell 10 through the first fine grid 11 and the second fine grid 12. It can be understood that both the first fine grid 11 and the second fine grid 12 extend along the first direction X and along the second direction Y. A second fine grid 12 is provided between two adjacent first fine grids 11, and a first fine grid 11 is provided between two adjacent second fine grids 12, thereby arranging the first fine grid 11 and the second fine grid 12 alternately on the first surface of the battery cell 10, and collecting the charge carriers generated by the battery cell 10 through the first fine grid 11 and the second fine grid 12.

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment of the application, the first electrical connector 20 is disposed on the first surface of the battery cell 10. The first electrical connector 20 extends along the second direction Y so that the first electrical connector 20 can be electrically connected to multiple first fine grids 11, and the charge carriers collected by the multiple first fine grids 11 are collected through the first electrical connector 20.

[0054] A first insulating block 30 is provided between the first electrical connector 20 and the second fine grid 12 to block the first electrical connector 20 and the second fine grid 12, preventing the first electrical connector 20 and the second fine grid 12 from conducting and causing a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module, thus affecting the photovoltaic module's photoelectric conversion efficiency. In other words, a first insulating block 30 is provided between the first electrical connector 20 and each second fine grid 12 to block the first electrical connector 20 and the corresponding second fine grid 12 from contacting and conducting, thus preventing a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affecting its photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0055] It should be noted that the first electrical connector 20 in this embodiment includes a first busbar 100 and / or a first solder strip. That is, the first electrical connector 20 may include only the first busbar 100, the first electrical connector 20 may include only the first solder strip, or the first electrical connector 20 may include both the first busbar 100 and the first solder strip. This embodiment does not impose specific limitations on this; in practical applications, those skilled in the art can configure it as needed.

[0056] For example, such as Figure 6 As shown, the first surface of the battery cell 10 is provided with a first fine grid 11 and a second fine grid 12 that extend along the first direction X and are alternately arranged along the second direction Y. The first fine grid 11 and the second fine grid 12 are both continuous fine grids, that is, the first fine grid 11 and the second fine grid 12 extend from one side of the battery cell 10 to the other side of the battery cell 10 along the first direction X.

[0057] like Figures 15 to 17 As shown, the first electrical connector 20 is a first solder strip, which extends along the second direction Y and is disposed on the first surface of the solar cell 10. The first solder strip is electrically connected to multiple first fine grids 11, and a first insulating block 30 is disposed between the first solder strip and each second fine grid 12. The first solder strip collects the charge carriers gathered by the multiple first fine grids 11 and transmits the collected charge carriers to the external circuit. The first insulating block 30 blocks the first solder strip and the corresponding second fine grid 12, preventing the first solder strip and the second fine grid 20 from conducting, thus avoiding a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module.

[0058] For example, such as Figure 7 As shown, the first surface of the battery cell 10 is provided with a first fine grid 11 and a second fine grid 12 extending along a first direction X and arranged alternately along a second direction Y. The first fine grid 11 includes a plurality of first sub-fine grids, all of which extend along the first direction X and are arranged at intervals along the first direction X. The second fine grid 12 includes a plurality of second sub-fine grids, all of which extend along the first direction X and are arranged at intervals along the first direction X.

[0059] The first electrical connector 20 is a first solder strip. The first solder strip extends along the second direction Y and is disposed on the first surface of the solar cell 10. The first solder strip passes through the gap between two adjacent second sub-grids and is electrically connected to multiple first sub-grids. This allows the first solder strip to collect the charge carriers gathered by the multiple first sub-grids and transmit the collected charge carriers to the external circuit. Since the first solder strip passes through the gap between two adjacent second sub-grids, it does not electrically connect to the second sub-grids, thus preventing the first solder strip from conducting with the second sub-grids and causing a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module.

[0060] For example, such as Figure 8 As shown, the position of the battery cell 10 near the first side 13 or the second side 14 is the first region A, and the position of the battery cell 10 relatively away from the first side 13 or the second side 14 is the second region B. The arrangement of the first fine grid 11 and the second fine grid 12 within the first region A is similar to... Figure 7 The embodiment shown is the same, except that the arrangement of the first fine gate 11 and the second fine gate 12 in the second region B is the same. Figure 6 same.

[0061] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, a first terminal line 90 is also provided in the first region A. The first terminal line 90 is electrically connected to multiple first sub-grids to collect the charge carriers collected by the multiple first sub-grids. The first terminal line 90 passes through the gap between two adjacent second grid lines to avoid the first terminal line 90 and the second sub-grids from conducting, which could cause a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module.

[0062] The first electrical connector 20 is a first solder strip, which extends along the second direction Y from one side of the battery cell 10 to the other side. In the first region A, the first solder strip is disposed on the side of the first end line 90 away from the battery cell 10 and is electrically connected to the first end line 90 to collect the charge carriers collected by the first end line 90. In the second region B, the first solder strip is electrically connected to multiple first fine grids 11, and a first insulating block 30 is disposed between it and the second fine grids 12. The first busbar 50 is electrically connected to multiple first solder strips to collect the charge carriers collected by the multiple first solder strips and transmit the collected charge carriers to an external circuit.

[0063] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a first busbar 100 is also provided on the first surface of the solar cell 10. The first busbar 100 extends along the second direction Y and is electrically connected to the first fine grid 11 to collect the charge carriers collected by the first fine grid 11 and transmit the collected charge carriers to an external circuit. The first busbar 100 is insulated from the second fine grid 12 to avoid partial short circuits in the solar cell 10.

[0064] It should be noted that when the battery cell 10 includes the first busbar 100, the first busbar 100 can serve as an electrical connector, conducting with the first busbar 50 to transmit the charge carriers generated by the battery cell 10 to the external circuit through the first busbar 50. In other words, when the battery cell 10 includes the first busbar 100, the first busbar 100 can serve as the first electrical connector 20, connecting the first fine grid 11 to the first busbar 50.

[0065] The first insulating block 30 is insulating. The first insulating block 30 can be formed from a thermosetting or photocurable colloid, which is cured and adhered to the first surface of the battery cell 10. In this embodiment, the specific material of the first insulating block 30 is not limited; in practical applications, those skilled in the art can select appropriate materials to prepare the first insulating block 30 as needed.

[0066] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiments of this application, the back-contact photovoltaic module further includes a first busbar assembly. The first busbar assembly extends along the first direction X and is disposed on the first surface of the cell 10. The first busbar assembly includes at least two insulating portions and at least one conductive portion. Along the first direction X, the conductive portion is located between two adjacent insulating portions and is electrically connected to the first electrical connector 20, so that the first busbar assembly can collect the charge carriers collected by the first electrical connector 20 and transmit the collected charge carriers to an external circuit. The insulating portions can block the first busbar assembly, the second electrical connector, and the second fine grid 12, preventing the first busbar assembly, the second electrical connector, and the second fine grid 12 from conducting, which would cause a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0067] Furthermore, in this embodiment of the application, the extension length W1 of the first insulating block 30 along the first direction X is set to be greater than the extension length W2 of the conductive portion along the first direction X, so that the first insulating block 30 can better block the conductive portion of the first busbar assembly and the second fine grid 12, avoiding the conductive portion of the first busbar assembly from being connected to the second fine grid 12, which would cause a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0068] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first insulating block 30 and the insulating portion have an overlapping portion. The length W3 of the overlapping portion along the first direction is greater than or equal to 1 mm. It can be understood that, along the first direction, the length of the overlapping portion on one side of the conducting portion along the first direction X is greater than or equal to 1 mm, and the length of the overlapping portion on the other side of the conducting portion along the first direction X is also greater than or equal to 1 mm. This arrangement further ensures that the first insulating block 30 can block the conducting portion of the first busbar assembly and the second fine grid 12, thereby preventing the conducting portion of the first busbar assembly from becoming connected to the second fine grid 12, which could lead to a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0069] For example, in the embodiments of this application, the length of the overlapping portion on one side of the conductive portion along the first direction X can be set to 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, etc. The length of the overlapping portion on the other side of the conductive portion along the first direction X can be set to 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, etc.

[0070] For example, the first busbar assembly in this embodiment may include a first busbar 50 and an insulating layer sleeved on the first busbar 50. The insulating layer has a perforated portion on the side near the battery cell 10. Multiple perforated portions are spaced apart along a first direction X. The portion of the first busbar 50 exposed in each perforated portion forms a conductive portion. Along the first direction X, the insulating layer located between two adjacent perforated portions forms an insulating portion. The perforated portions include, but are not limited to, rectangular openings, triangular openings, circular openings, elliptical openings, racetrack-shaped openings, or other irregularly shaped openings.

[0071] For example, the first busbar assembly in this application embodiment may include a first busbar 50 and an insulating layer attached to the side of the first busbar 50 near the battery cell 10. The insulating layer includes a plurality of sub-insulating layers, which are spaced apart along a first direction X, with a gap between adjacent sub-insulating layers. The portion of the first busbar exposed outside the gap forms a conductive portion, and each sub-insulating layer forms an insulating portion.

[0072] Of course, the above are only individual examples of specific implementation methods of the conductive and insulating parts, and are not intended to limit this application. In practical applications, those skilled in the art can also set the specific structure of the conductive and insulating parts as needed.

[0073] In some embodiments, the first busbar assembly includes an insulating film 40 disposed on the side of the first electrical connector 20 away from the battery cell 10. The insulating film 40 has a cutout portion 41, which is correspondingly disposed with respect to the first electrical connector 20. In the insulating film 40, the portion located between two adjacent cutout portions 41 along the first direction X forms an insulating portion. The first busbar 50 extends along the first direction X and is disposed on the side of the insulating film 40 away from the battery cell 10. The portion of the first busbar 50 corresponding to the cutout portion 41 forms a conductive portion.

[0074] The first busbar assembly in this embodiment includes an insulating film 40 and a first busbar 50. The insulating film 40 is disposed on the side of the first electrical connector 20 away from the solar cell 10. The insulating film 40 has a cutout portion 41, which is disposed corresponding to the first electrical connector 20 along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module, so that the first electrical connector 20 is exposed in the cutout portion 41. The first busbar 50 is disposed on the side of the insulating film 40 away from the solar cell 10, and the first busbar 50 extends along a first direction X.

[0075] In this design, the portion of the first busbar 50 corresponding to the perforated portion 41 forms a conductive portion. Since the first electrical connector 20 is exposed in the perforated portion 41, the conductive portion can be electrically connected to the first electrical connector 20 through the perforated portion 41 to collect the charge carriers collected by the first electrical connector 20. In the insulating film 40, the portion located between two adjacent perforated portions 41 along the first direction X forms an insulating portion. The insulating portion can block the first busbar 50, the second electrical connector, and the second fine grid 12, preventing the first busbar 50, the second electrical connector, and the second fine grid 12 from conducting, which would cause a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0076] It should be noted that, as Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, the extension length W1 of the first insulating block 30 along the first direction X is set to be greater than the extension length W2 of the conductive portion of the first busbar 50 exposed in the hollow portion 41 along the first direction X, so that the first insulating block 30 can better block the conductive portion of the first busbar 50 and the second fine grid 12, avoiding the conductive portion of the first busbar 50 from being connected to the second fine grid 12, which would cause a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0077] like Figure 1 As shown in this embodiment, along the first direction X, the first insulating block 30 and the insulating film 40 have an overlapping portion, and the length W2 of the overlapping portion along the first direction X is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm. It can be understood that along the first direction X, the length of the overlapping portion on one side of the hollow portion 41 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm, and the length of the overlapping portion on the other side of the hollow portion 41 is also greater than or equal to 0.5 mm. This arrangement further ensures that the first insulating block 30 can block the first electrical connector 20 and the second fine grid 12, thereby preventing the first electrical connector 20 from conducting with the second fine grid 12, which could lead to a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0078] For example, in this embodiment of the application, the length of the overlapping portion on one side of the cutout portion 41 along the first direction X can be set to 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, etc. The length of the overlapping portion on the other side of the cutout portion 41 along the first direction X can be set to 1.0mm, 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, etc.

[0079] It should be noted that the insulating film 40 in this embodiment has insulating properties. Exemplarily, the insulating film 40 can be a PI (Polyimide) insulating film, a PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) insulating film, a TPE (Thermoplastic Elastomer) insulating film, a TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane) insulating film, or an EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer) insulating film. Of course, the above are just individual examples of the specific materials of the insulating film 40 and are not intended to limit this application. In practical applications, those skilled in the art can select the specific material of the insulating film 40 as needed.

[0080] In some embodiments, the first busbar assembly includes a first busbar 50 and an insulating layer disposed on the first busbar 50. The first busbar 50 extends along a first direction X and is disposed on a first surface of the battery cell 10. The insulating layer includes a plurality of sub-insulating layers, which are spaced apart along the first direction X. There is a first gap between two adjacent sub-insulating layers. The portion of the first busbar 50 corresponding to the first gap forms a conductive portion, and each sub-insulating layer forms an insulating portion.

[0081] The first busbar assembly disclosed in this application includes a first busbar 50 and an insulating layer disposed on the first busbar. Exemplarily, the insulating layer can be coated on the surface of the first busbar 50, or the insulating layer can be sleeved on the first busbar 50. The insulating layer includes multiple sub-insulating layers, which are spaced apart along a first direction X. Each sub-insulating layer serves as an insulating portion, and can block the first busbar 50 from conducting through the second electrical connector and the second fine grid 12, preventing partial short circuits in the photovoltaic module and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0082] Along the first direction X, there is a first gap between two adjacent sub-insulating layers. The portion of the first busbar 50 exposed in the first gap serves as a conductive part. The conductive part can be electrically connected to the first electrical connector 20 through the first gap to collect the charge carriers collected by the first electrical connector 20 and transmit the collected charge carriers to the external circuit.

[0083] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the insulating film 40 includes an insulating strip 42, which extends along a first direction X; along a second direction Y, the width of the first busbar 50 is M1, and the width of the insulating strip 42 is M2, satisfying M2-M1≥2mm; along the first direction X, the length of the insulating strip 42 is greater than the length of the first busbar 50.

[0084] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the insulating film 40 is an insulating strip 42. The insulating strip 42 extends along the first direction X and is disposed on the side of the first electrical connector 20 away from the solar cell 10. The first busbar 50 is disposed on the side of the insulating strip 42 away from the solar cell 10. The insulating strip 42 has a perforated portion 41. The portion of the first busbar 50 corresponding to the perforated portion 41 forms a conductive portion. Along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module, the perforated portion 41 is correspondingly disposed to the first electrical connector 20. The conductive portion can be electrically connected to the first electrical connector 20 through the perforated portion 41 to collect the charge carriers collected by the first electrical connector 20. Along the first direction X, the insulating strip 42 located between two adjacent perforated portions 41 forms an insulating portion. The insulating portion can block the first busbar 50, the second electrical connector 60, and the second fine grid 12 from contacting and conducting, preventing partial short circuits in the photovoltaic module and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0085] In this embodiment, along the second direction Y, the width of the first busbar 50 is M1, and the width of the insulating strip 42 is M2. The difference between the width M2 of the insulating strip 42 and the width M1 of the first busbar 50 is greater than or equal to 2mm. That is, along the first direction X, the insulating strip 42 can block the first busbar 50, the second electrical connector 60, and the second fine grid 12, preventing the first busbar 50, the second electrical connector 60, and the second fine grid 12 from contacting and conducting, which could lead to a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0086] Furthermore, along the first direction X, the length of the insulating strip 42 is greater than the length of the first busbar 50. That is, along the first direction X, the insulating strip 42 can block the first busbar 50, the second electrical connector 60, and the second fine grid 12, preventing the first busbar 50, the second electrical connector 60, and the second fine grid 12 from contacting and conducting, which would cause a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0087] For example, along the second direction Y, the width M2 of the insulating strip 42 can be 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, etc., larger than the width M1 of the first busbar 50.

[0088] In some embodiments, 4mm ≤ M1 ≤ 12mm is satisfied.

[0089] For example, along the second direction Y, the width M1 of the first busbar 50 can be set to 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, etc.

[0090] It is understood that in this embodiment of the application, by setting the width M1 of the first busbar 50 along the second direction Y to be greater than or equal to 4mm, it is ensured that the first busbar 50 is wide enough along the second direction Y, so that the first busbar 50 can transmit the charge carriers collected by the first electrical connector 20 to the external circuit in a timely manner, thereby ensuring the transmission efficiency of the first busbar 50 for charge carriers and ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0091] Furthermore, by setting the width M2 of the first busbar 50 along the second direction Y to less than or equal to 12mm, it is possible to prevent the first busbar 50 from being too wide and extending out of the insulating strip 42, which would cause the first busbar 50 to contact and conduct with the second electrical connector 60 and the second fine grid 12, resulting in a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0092] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module, the thickness of the first busbar 50 is H1, and the thickness of the insulating strip 42 is H2, satisfying 0.2mm≤H1≤0.6mm; 0.4mm≤H2≤0.8mm.

[0093] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 3 As shown, along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module, the thickness H1 of the first busbar 50 is set to be greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 0.6 mm. For example, along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module, the thickness H1 of the first busbar 50 can be set to 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, etc.

[0094] In this embodiment, by setting the thickness H1 of the first busbar 50 to be greater than or equal to 0.2 mm, it is ensured that the first busbar 50 is sufficiently thick along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module, so that the first busbar 50 can transmit the charge carriers to the external circuit in a timely manner, ensuring the transmission efficiency of the first busbar 50 for the charge carriers, and ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0095] Furthermore, by setting the thickness H1 of the first busbar 50 to be less than or equal to 0.6 mm, the thickness of the first busbar 50 along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module is avoided. This would prevent the first busbar 50 from being too thick, which could cause defects such as microcracks and fragments in the cell 10 during the photovoltaic module lamination process, thus affecting the process yield of the photovoltaic module.

[0096] In the embodiments of this application, such as Figure 3 As shown, along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module, the thickness H2 of the insulating strip 42 is set to be greater than or equal to 0.4 mm and less than or equal to 0.8 mm. For example, along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module, the thickness H2 of the insulating strip 42 can be set to 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, etc.

[0097] In this embodiment, by setting the thickness H2 of the insulating strip 42 to be greater than or equal to 0.4 mm, the insulation of the insulating strip 42 is ensured, so that the insulating strip 42 can block the first busbar 50, the second electrical connector 60 and the second fine grid 12, and prevent the first busbar 50, the second electrical connector and the second fine grid 12 from conducting, which would cause a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0098] Furthermore, by setting the thickness H2 of the insulating strip 42 to less than or equal to 0.8 mm, it is possible to avoid the insulating strip 42 being too thick, which could cause defects such as microcracks or fragments in the solar cell 10 during the photovoltaic module lamination process, thus affecting the process yield of the photovoltaic module. Moreover, if the insulating strip 42 is too thick, it will also consume too much insulating strip 42 material, resulting in excessively high costs for the photovoltaic module.

[0099] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, along the first direction X, the width of the first electrical connector 20 is L1, which satisfies W2≥3L1, where 0.15mm≤L1≤0.8mm.

[0100] like Figure 2As shown, the width of the first electrical connector 20 along the first direction X is L1. The extension length W2 of the conductive portion along the first direction X is greater than or equal to three times the width L1 of the first electrical connector 20 along the first direction X. This ensures sufficient contact area between the conductive portion of the first busbar 50 and the first electrical connector 20, and ensures that the conductive portion of the first busbar 50 can bend downwards to electrically connect with the first electrical connector 20, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0101] For example, W2 = 3L1; W2 = 3.5L1; W2 = 4L1; W2 = 4.5L1; W2 = 5L1, etc.

[0102] In this embodiment of the application, along the first direction X, the width L1 of the first electrical connector 20 is set to be greater than or equal to 0.15 mm and less than or equal to 0.8 mm. For example, along the first direction X, the width L1 of the first electrical connector 20 can be set to 0.15 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.7 mm, 0.8 mm, etc.

[0103] In this embodiment of the application, the width L1 of the first electrical connector 20 is set to be greater than or equal to 0.15 mm along the first direction X to ensure that the first electrical connector 20 has sufficient contact area with the conductive part of the first busbar 50 along the first direction X, so that the conductive part of the first busbar 50 can be bent downward to be electrically connected with the first electrical connector 20, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0104] Furthermore, along the first direction X, the width L1 of the first electrical connector 20 is set to be less than or equal to 0.8 mm to avoid the first electrical connector 20 being too wide, which could cause it to conduct with other dissimilar electrical connectors, resulting in a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affecting its photoelectric conversion efficiency. Moreover, an excessively wide first electrical connector 20 would also lead to material waste, resulting in excessively high photovoltaic module costs and impacting its market competitiveness.

[0105] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the back-contact photovoltaic module also includes a second electrical connector 60 disposed adjacent to the first electrical connector 20. The second electrical connector 60 extends along the second direction Y and is disposed at a distance from the first electrical connector 20 along the first direction X on the first surface of the cell 10. The second electrical connector 60 is electrically connected to the second grid 12 and is insulated from the first grid 11. Along the first direction X, the distance between the second electrical connector 60 and the first electrical connector 20 is L2, which satisfies W2≤1 / 2L2.

[0106] like Figure 6As shown in the embodiments of this application, the back-contact photovoltaic module further includes a second electrical connector 60. The second electrical connector 60 is disposed on the first surface of the solar cell 10, extends along the second direction Y, and is arranged alternately with the first electrical connector 20 along the first direction X. That is, both the first electrical connector 20 and the second electrical connector 60 are disposed on the first surface of the solar cell 10. Along the second direction Y, a second electrical connector 60 is disposed between two adjacent first electrical connectors 20, and a first electrical connector 20 is disposed between two adjacent second electrical connectors 60.

[0107] The first electrical connector 20 and the second electrical connector 60 have opposite polarities. The second electrical connector 60 is electrically connected to the second fine grid 12 to collect the charge carriers gathered by the second fine grid 12. A second insulating block 80 is provided between the second electrical connector 60 and the first fine grid 11 to prevent the second electrical connector 60 and the first fine grid 11 from conducting, which would cause a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0108] In this configuration, along the first direction X, the distance between adjacent second electrical connectors 60 and first electrical connectors 20 is L2. The extension length W2 of the hollow portion 41 along the first direction X is less than or equal to 1 / 2 the distance L2 between adjacent second electrical connectors 60 and first electrical connectors 20. This configuration prevents the hollow portion 41 from being too large, which would lead to material waste in the first insulating block 30. Furthermore, if the hollow portion 41 is too large, the first busbar 50 may easily become electrically connected to the second electrical connector 60, causing a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0109] In some embodiments, 6mm≤L2≤15mm is satisfied.

[0110] In this embodiment of the application, along the first direction X, the distance L2 between adjacent first electrical connectors 20 and second electrical connectors 60 is set to be greater than or equal to 6 mm and less than or equal to 15 mm. For example, along the first direction X, the distance L2 between adjacent first electrical connectors 20 and second electrical connectors 60 can be set to 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 11 mm, 12 mm, 13 mm, 14 mm, 15 mm, etc.

[0111] In this embodiment, along the first direction X, the distance L2 between adjacent first electrical connector 20 and second electrical connector 60 is set to be greater than or equal to 6mm to avoid the distance between the first electrical connector 20 and second electrical connector 60 being too small. During the manufacturing process of the photovoltaic module, the first electrical connector 20 or the second electrical connector 60 may shift, causing the first electrical connector 20 and the second electrical connector 60 to conduct, resulting in a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0112] Furthermore, along the first direction X, the distance L2 between adjacent first electrical connector 20 and second electrical connector 60 is set to be less than or equal to 15mm, so as to avoid the distance L2 between the first electrical connector 20 and the second electrical connector 60 being too large, which would prevent the first electrical connector 20 and the second electrical connector 60 from collecting the charge carriers generated by the solar cell 10 in time, thus affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0113] In some embodiments, the following conditions are met: 0.95mm≤W1≤22.5mm; and / or 0.45mm≤W2≤7.5mm; and / or 1mm≤W3≤7.5mm.

[0114] In this embodiment of the application, the extension length W1 of the first insulating block 30 along the first direction X is set to be greater than or equal to 0.95 mm and less than or equal to 22.5 mm. For example, the extension length of the first insulating block 30 along the first direction X can be set to 0.95 mm, 1.0 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, 22.5 mm, etc.

[0115] In this embodiment, the extension length W1 of the first insulating block 30 along the first direction X is set to be greater than or equal to 0.95 mm, so that the extension length W1 of the first insulating block 30 along the first direction X is greater than the extension length W2 of the conductive part along the first direction X. Thus, the second fine grid 12 can be covered by the first insulating block 30, avoiding the second fine grid 12 from being exposed, which would cause the first electrical connector 20 to contact and conduct with the second fine grid 12, resulting in a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0116] Furthermore, the extension length W1 of the first insulating block 30 along the first direction X is set to be less than or equal to 22.5 mm to avoid the gap between the first insulating block 30 and the second insulating block 80 being too small, which would prevent the insulating strip 42 from being able to adhere to the first surface of the solar cell 10. If the adhesive force between the insulating strip 42 and the first surface of the solar cell 10 is too small, the insulating strip 42 is prone to shifting during the photovoltaic module lamination process, which would cause a local short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0117] In this embodiment of the application, the extension length W2 of the conductive portion along the first direction X is set to be greater than or equal to 0.45mm and less than or equal to 7.5mm. For example, the extension length of the conductive portion along the first direction X can be set to 0.45mm, 1mm, 2mm, 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 7.5mm, etc.

[0118] In this embodiment, the extension length W2 of the conductive portion along the first direction X is set to be greater than or equal to 0.45 mm to ensure that the conductive portion is large enough so that the conductive portion of the first busbar 50 can be bent downwards to be electrically connected with the first electrical connector 20, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0119] Furthermore, the extension length W2 of the conductive part along the first direction X is set to be less than or equal to 7.5 mm to avoid the conductive part extending too long along the first direction X, which would cause the conductive part to be electrically connected to the second electrical connector 60, resulting in a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0120] In this embodiment, the length W3 of the overlapping portion of the first insulating block 30 and the insulating film 40 along the first direction X is set to be greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than or equal to 7.5 mm. For example, the length W3 of the overlapping portion of the first insulating block 30 and the insulating film 40 along the first direction X can be set to 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 7.5 mm, etc.

[0121] In this embodiment, by setting the length W3 of the overlapping portion of the first insulating block 30 and the insulating film 40 along the first direction X to be greater than or equal to 1 mm, it is further ensured that the first insulating block 30 can block the first electrical connector 20 and the second fine grid 12, so as to avoid the first electrical connector 20 and the second fine grid 12 from conducting, which would cause a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0122] Furthermore, by setting the length W3 of the overlapping portion of the first insulating block 30 and the insulating film 40 along the first direction X to be less than or equal to 7.5 mm, the gap between the first insulating block 30 and the second insulating block 80 is prevented from being too small, which would prevent the insulating strip 42 from adhering to the first surface of the solar cell 10. If the adhesive force between the insulating strip 42 and the first surface of the solar cell 10 is too weak, the insulating strip 42 is prone to shifting during the photovoltaic module lamination process, leading to localized short circuits in the photovoltaic module and affecting its photoelectric conversion efficiency. Moreover, setting the length W3 of the overlapping portion of the first insulating block 30 and the insulating film 40 along the first direction X to be less than or equal to 7.5 mm can also reduce the amount of material used in the first insulating block 30, lowering the production cost of the photovoltaic module and enhancing its market competitiveness.

[0123] In some embodiments, along the second direction Y, the battery cell 10 has a first side 13 and a second side 14 disposed opposite to each other, and a first busbar 50 is disposed on the first surface of the battery cell 10 near the first side 13; at least two first pads 70 are disposed between the first electrical connector 20 and the first surface of the battery cell 10, and the at least two first pads 70 are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y; along the second direction Y, the first pad 70 closest to the first side 13 is a first sub-pad 71, the distance between the first sub-pad 71 and the first side 13 is L3, and the width of the conductive portion along the second direction Y is L4, satisfying L3 > L4.

[0124] like Figures 15 to 17 As shown, along the second direction Y, the battery cell 10 has a first side 13 and a second side 14 disposed opposite to each other. A first busbar 50 is disposed on the first surface of the battery cell 10 near the first side 13, so that the first busbar 50 can be electrically connected to multiple first electrical connectors 20. The first busbar 50 collects the charge carriers collected by the multiple first electrical connectors 20 and transmits the collected charge carriers to an external circuit.

[0125] In this configuration, at least two first pads 70 are provided between the first electrical connector 20 and the first surface of the battery cell 10, and the at least two first pads 70 are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y. This allows the first electrical connector 20 to be connected to the first surface of the battery cell 10 through the at least two first pads 70, thereby improving the reliability of the connection between the first electrical connector 20 and the battery cell 10.

[0126] For example, two first pads 70 may be provided between the first electrical connector 20 and the first surface of the battery cell 10, three first pads 70 may be provided between the first electrical connector 20 and the first surface of the battery cell 10, four first pads 70 may be provided between the first electrical connector 20 and the first surface of the battery cell 10, or five first pads 70 may be provided between the first electrical connector 20 and the first surface of the battery cell 10. Of course, in this embodiment, the specific number of first pads 70 provided between the first electrical connector 20 and the first surface of the battery cell 10 is not limited. In practical applications, technicians can set the number of first pads 70 as needed.

[0127] It should be noted that, among at least two first pads 70, the first pad 70 closest to the first side 13 along the second direction Y is the first sub-pad 71. Specifically, along the second direction Y, the distance L3 between the first sub-pad 71 and the first side 13 is greater than the width L4 of the conductive portion along the second direction Y. This is to prevent the first sub-pad 71 from being exposed in the conductive portion and electrically connected to other non-standard busbars, electrical connectors, or fine grids, which could lead to partial short circuits in the photovoltaic module and affect its photovoltaic conversion efficiency.

[0128] In some embodiments, 5mm≤L3≤15mm is satisfied; and / or 5mm≤L4≤12mm is satisfied.

[0129] In this embodiment of the application, along the second direction Y, the distance L3 between the first sub-pad 71 and the first side 13 is set to be greater than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 15mm. For example, along the second direction Y, the distance L3 between the first sub-pad 71 and the first side 13 can be set to 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, 13mm, 14mm, 15mm, etc.

[0130] In this embodiment of the application, along the second direction Y, the distance L3 between the first sub-pad 71 and the first side 13 is set to be greater than or equal to 5mm, so that the distance L3 between the first sub-pad 71 and the first side 13 is large enough, and the conductive part can be disposed on the side of the first sub-pad 71 close to the first side 13.

[0131] Furthermore, along the second direction Y, the distance L3 between the first sub-pad 71 and the first side 13 is set to be less than or equal to 15mm, so as to avoid the distance L4 between the first sub-pad 71 and the first side 13 being too large, which would reduce the efficiency of the carriers generated in the area of ​​the first sub-pad 71 near the first side 13 being transferred to the first sub-pad 71, thus affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0132] In this embodiment of the application, the width L4 of the conductive portion along the second direction Y is greater than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 12mm. For example, the width L4 of the conductive portion along the second direction Y can be 5mm, 6mm, 7mm, 8mm, 9mm, 10mm, 11mm, 12mm, etc.

[0133] In this embodiment, the width L4 of the conductive portion along the second direction Y is set to be greater than or equal to 5 mm. This ensures that the conductive portion of the first busbar 50 has sufficient contact area with the first electrical connector 20, and that the conductive portion of the first busbar 50 can be bent downwards to be electrically connected to the first electrical connector 20, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0134] Furthermore, the width L4 of the conductive portion along the second direction Y is set to be less than or equal to 12mm. This is to avoid the conductive portion being too large, which could cause the first busbar 50 to be electrically connected to other dissimilar electrical connectors, or the first busbar 50 to be electrically connected to other dissimilar fine grids, resulting in a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0135] In some embodiments, the first busbar 50 has a first projection on the plane where the battery cell 10 is located, the insulating strip 42 has a second projection on the plane where the battery cell 10 is located, and the first projection falls within the second projection; the first sub-pad 71 has a third projection on the plane where the battery cell 10 is located, and the third projection is offset from the first projection and the second projection.

[0136] In this embodiment, the first projection of the first busbar 50 on the plane where the solar cell 10 is located is set to fall within the second projection of the insulating strip 42 on the plane where the solar cell 10 is located. This allows the insulating portion to block the first busbar 50 and the second electrical connector 60, preventing the first busbar 50 and the second electrical connector 60 from conducting, which could lead to a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0137] like Figure 1 As shown, the first sub-pad 71 has a third projection on the plane where the solar cell 10 is located, and the third projection is offset from the first and second projections. That is, the first busbar 50 and the insulating strip 42 will not overlap on the first sub-pad 71 to avoid the first sub-pad 71 being blocked by the insulating strip 42 and the first busbar 50. During the photovoltaic module lamination process, the insulating strip 42 flows due to heat, causing the first electrical connector 20 to shift, affecting the reliability of the electrical connection between the first electrical connector 20 and the first sub-pad 71, and thus affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0138] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5 As shown, along the second direction Y, the distance between two adjacent first insulating blocks 30 is L5, which satisfies 100μm≤L5≤500μm.

[0139] like Figure 5 As shown, along the second direction Y, a first fine grid 11 is provided between two adjacent first insulating blocks 30, and the insulating strip 20 is raised by the first insulating blocks 20. A channel or flow path is formed between two adjacent first insulating blocks 30. During the manufacturing process of the photovoltaic module, the welding layer on the surface of the first busbar 50 melts and flows along the channel or flow path, making contact with the second fine grid 12 and the second electrical connector 60, causing a local short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0140] Therefore, along the second direction Y, the distance L5 between two adjacent first insulating blocks 30 is set to be greater than or equal to 100 μm and less than or equal to 500 μm. It can be understood that setting the distance L5 between two adjacent first insulating blocks 30 to be greater than or equal to 100 μm along the second direction Y is to prevent the welding layer on the surface of the first busbar 50 from melting and flowing along the channels and channels, thus connecting with the second fine grid 12 and the second electrical connector 60, which could lead to a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect its photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0141] Furthermore, along the second direction Y, the distance L5 between two adjacent first insulating blocks 30 is set to be less than or equal to 500μm, so as to prevent the first insulating block 30 from covering the adjacent first fine grid 11 during the photovoltaic module manufacturing process, which would cause the first fine grid 11 to be unable to conduct with the first electrical connector 20 and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0142] For example, along the second direction Y, the distance L5 between two adjacent first insulating blocks 30 is set to 100μm, 150μm, 200μm, 250μm, 300μm, 350μm, 400μm, 450μm, 500μm, etc.

[0143] In some embodiments, the thickness of the first insulating block 30 along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module is H3, satisfying 10μm≤H3≤50μm.

[0144] In this embodiment, the thickness H3 of the first insulating block 30 is set to be greater than or equal to 10 μm and less than or equal to 50 μm along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module. For example, the thickness H3 of the first insulating block 30 can be set to 10 μm, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 45 μm, 50 μm, etc., along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module.

[0145] In this embodiment, the thickness H3 of the first insulating block 30 is set to be greater than or equal to 10 μm along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module, so as to avoid the first insulating block 30 being too thin and having poor insulation, which would prevent the first electrical connector 20 and the second fine grid 12 from being connected, causing the first electrical connector 20 and the second fine grid 12 to conduct, resulting in a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0146] Furthermore, along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module, the thickness H3 of the first insulating block 30 is set to be less than or equal to 50 μm to avoid the first insulating block 30 being too thick, resulting in excessively high channels and flow paths between adjacent first insulating blocks 30. During the photovoltaic module manufacturing process, the welding material on the surface of the first busbar 50 flows in the channels and flow paths, conducting with the second electrical connector 60 and the second fine grid 12, causing a local short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0147] In some embodiments, a second insulating block 80 is provided between the second electrical connector 60 and the first fine grid 11; along the first direction X, the distance between adjacent second insulating blocks 80 and first insulating blocks 30 is L6, satisfying L6≥0mm.

[0148] like Figure 6 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a second insulating block 80 is provided between the second electrical connector 60 and the first fine grid 11 to block the second electrical connector 60 and the first fine grid 11, thereby preventing the second electrical connector 60 and the first fine grid 11 from conducting and causing a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module, which would affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0149] The second insulating block 80 is insulating. The second insulating block 80 can be an insulating block formed of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) or polyolefin elastomer (POE). In this embodiment, the specific material of the second insulating block 80 is not limited. In practical applications, those skilled in the art can select appropriate materials to prepare the second insulating block 80 as needed.

[0150] Along the first direction X, the distance L6 between adjacent second insulating blocks 80 and first insulating blocks 30 is set to be greater than or equal to 0 mm. For example, along the first direction X, the distance L6 between adjacent first insulating blocks 80 and first insulating blocks 30 can be set to 0 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, etc.

[0151] like Figure 6As shown, along the first direction X, the distance L6 between two adjacent second insulating blocks 80 and the first insulating block 30 is set to be greater than or equal to 0 mm, so that there is a gap or at least no overlap between adjacent second insulating blocks 80 and the first insulating block 30. The insulating strip 42 can be attached to the first surface of the solar cell 10 to enhance the adhesion between the insulating strip 42 and the solar cell 10. This prevents the insulating strip 42 from shifting during the photovoltaic module lamination process, which could cause a short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0152] In a preferred embodiment, L6 ≥ 7.5 mm.

[0153] In this embodiment, along the first direction X, the distance L6 between adjacent second insulating blocks 80 and first insulating blocks 30 is set to be greater than or equal to 7.5 mm. This ensures that the gap between adjacent first insulating blocks 80 and 30 is sufficiently large, resulting in a larger contact area between the insulating strip 42 and the first surface of the solar cell 10, and better adhesion between the insulating strip 42 and the solar cell 10. This prevents the insulating strip 42 from shifting during the photovoltaic module lamination process, thus avoiding short circuits in the photovoltaic module and affecting its photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0154] For example, along the first direction X, the distance L6 between adjacent first insulating blocks 80 and first insulating blocks 30 can be set to 7.5mm, 8mm, 8.5mm, 9mm, 9.5mm, 10mm, etc.

[0155] In some embodiments, the length of the first insulating block 30 near the first busbar 50 along the first direction X is greater than the length of the first insulating block 30 relatively far from the first busbar 50 along the first direction X; and / or, the length of the second insulating block 80 near the first busbar 50 along the first direction X is greater than the length of the second insulating block 80 relatively far from the first busbar 50 along the first direction X.

[0156] In this embodiment, the length of the first insulating block 30, which is relatively close to the first busbar 50, along the first direction X is set to be greater than the length of the first insulating block 30, which is relatively far from the first busbar 50, along the first direction X. This ensures that the length W3 of the overlapping portion of the first insulating block 30 and the insulating part along the first direction X is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm. This ensures that the first insulating block 30 can block the first electrical connector 20 and the second fine grid 12, preventing the first electrical connector 20 from conducting with the second fine grid 12, which could lead to a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0157] For example, such as Figure 6As shown, the position of the battery cell 10 near the first side 13 or the second side 14 is the first region A, and the position of the battery cell 10 relatively far away from the first side 13 or the second side 14 is the second region B. Specifically, the length of the first insulating block 30 along the first direction X in the first region A is greater than the length of the first insulating block 30 along the first direction X in the second region B; and / or, the length of the second insulating block 80 along the first direction X in the first region A is greater than the length of the second insulating block 80 along the first direction X in the second region B.

[0158] In this design, the length of the first insulating block 30 in the first region A along the first direction X is greater than the length of the first insulating block 30 in the second region B along the first direction X. This ensures that the length W3 of the overlapping portion of the first insulating block 30 and the insulating part along the first direction X is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm. This ensures that the first insulating block 30 can block the first electrical connector 20 and the second fine grid 12, preventing the first electrical connector 20 and the second fine grid 12 from conducting, which could lead to a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0159] Furthermore, the above-mentioned design can save on the amount of material used in the first insulating block 30, reduce the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module, and enhance its market competitiveness. It also prevents the first insulating block 30 from warping, which could lead to a short circuit between the first electrical connector 20 and the second fine grid 12, affecting the photovoltaic module's conversion efficiency.

[0160] like Figure 6 As shown, the length of the second insulating block 80 in the first region A along the first direction X is greater than the length of the second insulating block 80 in the second region B along the first direction X. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the length design and beneficial effects of the second insulating block 80 are the same as or similar to those of the first insulating block 30, and will not be repeated here.

[0161] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 As shown, along the second direction Y, the position of the battery cell 10 near the first side 13 or the second side 14 is the first region A; within the first region A, the first surface of the battery cell 10 is also provided with a first end line 90, along the second direction Y, the first end line 90 is connected to the first sub-pad 71, and the first end line 90 extends from the position of the first sub-pad 71 to the edge near the battery cell 10; the first end line 90 is electrically connected to the first fine grid 11, and the first end line 90 is insulated from the second fine grid 12.

[0162] like Figure 8As shown, the first surface of the battery cell 10 is also provided with a first end line 90. The first end line 90 is located in the first region A and along the second direction Y. The first end line 90 is located on the side of the first sub-pad 71 near the first side 13 or the second side 14. The first end line 90 is electrically connected to the first sub-pad 71, and the first end line 90 extends from the position of the first sub-pad 71 to the edge near the battery cell 10, so as to transfer the carriers collected by the first end line 90 to the first sub-pad 71, and then transfer the carriers to the first electrical connector 20 (as mentioned above, the first electrical connector 20 here is the first solder strip) through the first electrical connector 20, and then transfer the carriers to the first bus bar 50 through the first bus bar 50, and then transfer the carriers to the external circuit through the first bus bar 50.

[0163] It should be noted that within the first region A, the first end line 90 is in contact with and electrically connected to the first fine grid 11. The first end line 90 is insulated from the second fine grid 12 to prevent the first end line 90 from conducting with the second fine grid 12, which could lead to a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect its photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0164] For example, such as Figure 8 As shown, the second fine grid 12 can be configured as a multi-segment structure, meaning that the second fine grid 12 includes multiple second sub-fine grids, all extending along the first direction X and spaced apart along the first direction X. The first end line 90 passes through the gap between two adjacent second sub-fine grids to avoid contact between the first end line 90 and the two adjacent second sub-fine grids, thereby preventing the first end line 90 from conducting with the second fine grid 12 and causing a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module. Figure 9 As shown, a first insulating block 30 can be provided between the first end line 90 and the second fine grid 12 to block the first end line 90 and the second fine grid 12, thereby preventing the first end line 90 and the second fine grid 12 from conducting and causing a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module.

[0165] In this embodiment, the charge carriers collected by multiple first fine grids 12 within the first region A are gathered through the first terminal line 90, and the gathered charge carriers are transmitted to the first electrical connector 20 through the first sub-pad 71, and then to the external circuit through the first busbar 50. This improves the collection efficiency of charge carriers within the first region A, ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0166] In some embodiments, such as Figures 10 to 13 As shown, the first terminal line 90 includes at least two sub-terminal lines 91, one end of each of the at least two sub-terminal lines 91 is connected to the first sub-pad 71, and the other ends of the at least two sub-terminal lines 91 are far apart from each other.

[0167] like Figures 10 to 13 As shown, the first terminal line 90 includes at least two sub-terminal lines 91. Along the second direction Y, both sub-terminal lines 91 are disposed on the side of the first sub-pad 71 near the first side 13 or the second side 14. One end of each of the at least two sub-terminal lines 91 is electrically connected to the first sub-pad 71, while the other ends of the at least two sub-terminal lines 91 are spaced apart. This allows the at least two sub-terminal lines 91 to collect charge carriers gathered at different locations of the first fine grid 11 within the first region A, and to transfer the collected charge carriers to the first sub-pad 71 via the at least two sub-terminal lines 91, thereby improving the charge carrier collection efficiency within the first region A and ensuring the photovoltaic conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0168] For example, the first end line 90 may include two sub-end lines 91, three sub-end lines 91, four sub-end lines 91, or five sub-end lines 91. In this embodiment, the specific number of sub-end lines 91 included in each first end line 90 is not limited. In practical applications, those skilled in the art can set the number of sub-end lines 91 as needed.

[0169] In some embodiments, such as Figure 14 As shown, along the first direction X, the farthest distance between the ends of at least two sub-end lines 91 that are far from the first sub-pad 71 is L7, satisfying W2 > L7.

[0170] Taking the first end line 90, which includes two sub-end lines 91, as an example, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail.

[0171] like Figure 14 As shown, along the second direction Y, both sub-terminal lines 91 are located near the first side 13 of the first sub-pad 71. One end of each sub-terminal line 91 is electrically connected to the first sub-pad 71, and the other ends of the two sub-terminal lines 91 are far apart from each other to form a harpoon-shaped first terminal line 90.

[0172] In this embodiment, the ends of the two sub-terminal lines 91 that are far from the first sub-pad 71 are far apart from each other, and the farthest distance between the far apart ends along the first direction X is L7. The extension length W2 of the conductive portion along the first direction X is greater than the farthest distance L7 between the far apart ends of the two sub-terminal lines 91. This increases the contact area between the conductive portion of the first busbar 50 and the sub-terminal lines 91, allowing the carriers collected by the sub-terminal lines 91 to be directly transmitted to the conductive portion of the first busbar 50, and then transmitted to the external circuit through the first busbar 50. This improves the carrier collection efficiency and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0173] It should be noted that when the first end line 90 includes three or more sub-end lines 91, L7 refers to the farthest distance between the ends of the two outermost sub-end lines 91 that are far apart from each other along the first direction X.

[0174] In some embodiments, such as Figure 17 As shown, along the first direction X, the width of the conductive part is L8, satisfying W1>L8; and / or, 0.45mm≤L8≤7.5mm.

[0175] In this embodiment, the width of the conductive portion along the first direction X is set to L8. Wherein, W1 is greater than L8. That is, the extension length W1 of the first insulating block 20 along the first direction X is greater than the width L8 of the conductive portion along the first direction X, so that the first insulating block 20 can better block the first electrical connector 20 and the second fine grid 12, preventing the first electrical connector 20 from conducting with the second fine grid 12, thus avoiding a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0176] In this embodiment, the width L8 of the conductive portion along the first direction X is set to be greater than or equal to 0.45 mm to ensure that the conductive portion is large enough so that the conductive portion of the first busbar 50 can be bent downwards to be electrically connected with the first electrical connector 20, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0177] Furthermore, the width L8 of the conductive part along the first direction X is set to be less than or equal to 7.5mm to avoid the conductive part extending too long along the first direction X, which would cause the second electrical connector 60 to be electrically connected to the conductive part, resulting in a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0178] In some embodiments, each sub-insulating layer extends along the second direction Y, and each sub-insulating layer covers the side of a second electrical connector 60 away from the battery cell 10 to secure the second electrical connector 60.

[0179] In this embodiment, each sub-insulating layer can extend along the second direction Y and cover the side of a second electrical connector 60 away from the solar cell 10. This allows each sub-insulating layer to fix the corresponding second electrical connector 60 to the first surface of the solar cell 10, preventing the second electrical connector 60 from shifting and becoming connected to the first electrical connector 20 or other non-linear grid lines, which could lead to a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect its photoelectric conversion efficiency.

[0180] In some embodiments, the insulating film 40 has a fourth projection on the plane where the battery cell 10 is located, and the first electrical connector 20 has a fifth projection on the plane where the battery cell 10 is located. The extension length of the fourth projection along the second direction Y is greater than 50% of the length of the fifth projection along the second direction Y.

[0181] In this embodiment, the extension length of the fourth projection of the insulating film 40 on the plane of the solar cell 10 along the second direction Y is set to be more than 50% greater than the extension length of the fifth projection of the first electrical connector 20 on the plane of the solar cell 10 along the second direction Y. This improves the reliability of the insulating film 40 in fixing the first electrical connector 20 and the second electrical connector 60 to the first surface of the solar cell 10, preventing the first electrical connector 20 and the second electrical connector 60 from shifting and causing partial short circuits in the photovoltaic module, thus affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0182] Furthermore, the above-mentioned setup can simplify the manufacturing process of photovoltaic modules, improve the manufacturing efficiency of photovoltaic modules, and enhance the market competitiveness of photovoltaic modules.

[0183] In some embodiments, the battery cells 10 include a plurality of battery cells 10, which are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y; or, the plurality of battery cells 10 are arranged sequentially along the second direction Y, wherein in two adjacent battery cells 10, one battery cell 10 is at least partially stacked on the first surface of the other battery cell 10.

[0184] The back-contact photovoltaic module disclosed in this application includes a plurality of solar cells 10, which are arranged at intervals along a second direction Y. At least two adjacent solar cells 10 are connected in series through a first electrical connector 20 and a second electrical connector 60 to form a solar cell string.

[0185] Specifically, along the second direction Y, the gap between two adjacent battery cells 10 is greater than or equal to 0.5 mm and less than or equal to 2 mm. For example, along the second direction Y, the gap between two adjacent battery cells 10 can be 0.5 mm, 0.8 mm, 1 mm, 1.3 mm, 1.5 mm, 1.8 mm, 2 mm, etc.

[0186] Alternatively, multiple solar cells 10 are arranged sequentially along the second direction Y, and in two adjacent solar cells 10, one solar cell 10 is at least partially stacked on the first surface of the other solar cell 10 to avoid gaps between adjacent solar cells 10, thereby improving the appearance of the photovoltaic module.

[0187] In this configuration, the width of the portion of one battery cell 10 stacked on top of the other battery cell 10 along the second direction Y is greater than or equal to 0.2 mm and less than or equal to 1 mm. For example, the width of the portion of one battery cell 10 stacked on top of the other battery cell 10 along the second direction Y in two adjacent battery cells 10 may be 0.2 mm, 0.4 mm, 0.6 mm, 0.8 mm, 1 mm, etc.

[0188] It should be noted that in this embodiment of the application, multiple battery cells 10 can also be arranged sequentially along the second direction Y, and the gap between two adjacent battery cells 10 is 0.

[0189] In some embodiments, the battery cell 10 includes a first battery cell 15 and a second battery cell 16, the first battery cell 15 and the second battery cell 16 are arranged at a distance along a second direction Y, and there is a first gap between the first battery cell 15 and the second battery cell 16; a first busbar 50 is disposed at a position of the first battery cell 15 near the second battery cell 16, the first busbar 50 covers at least part of the first gap, or the first busbar 50 covers the first gap and at least part of the second battery cell 16.

[0190] In this embodiment, the first solar cell 15 and the second solar cell 16 are arranged at intervals along a second direction Y, and the interval between the first solar cell 15 and the second solar cell 16 is the first interval. A first busbar 50 is disposed on the first solar cell 15 near the second solar cell 16, and the first busbar 50 covers at least part of the first interval to reduce the area occupied by the first busbar 50 on the first solar cell 15, ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, the first busbar 50 can also block the first interval between the first solar cell 15 and the second solar cell 16, thereby improving the appearance of the photovoltaic module.

[0191] like Figure 18 As shown, the first busbar 50 is positioned near the second cell 16 of the first solar cell 15. The first busbar 50 covers the first gap between the first solar cell 15 and the second solar cell 16, and at least partially covers the second solar cell 16. By covering the first gap between the first solar cell 15 and the second solar cell 16 with the first busbar 50, the appearance of the photovoltaic module is improved. Furthermore, the above arrangement can also reduce the area occupied by the first busbar 50 on the first solar cell 15 and the area occupied by the first busbar 50 on the second solar cell 16, thereby ensuring the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0192] In some embodiments, at least two first pads 70 are provided between the first electrical connector 20 and the first surface of the battery cell 10, and the at least two first pads 70 are arranged at intervals along the second direction Y; along the second direction Y, a first busbar 50 is provided at the middle position of the battery cell 10 and is located between two adjacent first pads 70.

[0193] In this embodiment of the application, at least two first pads 70 are provided between the first electrical connector 20 and the first surface of the battery cell 10. The first electrical connector 20 is connected to the first surface of the battery cell 10 through the at least two first pads 70 to ensure the reliability of the electrical connection between the first electrical connector 20 and the battery cell 10.

[0194] As an optional implementation, in this embodiment, the first busbar 50 can extend along the first direction X and be positioned at the middle of the solar cell 10 along the second direction Y, such that the first busbar 50 is positioned between two adjacent first pads 70. This avoids the first busbar 50 and the first pads 70 overlapping, as an excessively high overlap during the photovoltaic module lamination process could lead to problems such as fragmentation and microcracks in the solar cell 10, affecting the process yield of the photovoltaic module.

[0195] In some embodiments, the insulating film 40 comprises an organic insulating film; and / or, the insulating film 40 comprises a transparent film.

[0196] It should be noted that the insulating film 40 in this embodiment is an organic insulating film. This organic insulating film has insulating properties and can block the first busbar 50 and the second electrical connector 60 to prevent the first busbar 50 and the second electrical connector 60 from contacting and conducting, which would cause a partial short circuit in the photovoltaic module and affect the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0197] For example, the insulating film 40 can be a PI (Polyimide) insulating film, a PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate) insulating film, a TPE (Thermoplastic Elastomer) insulating film, a TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane) insulating film, or an EVA (Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer) insulating film. Of course, the above are just individual examples of the specific materials of the insulating film 40 and are not intended to limit this application. In practical applications, those skilled in the art can select the specific material of the insulating film 40 as needed.

[0198] In this embodiment, the insulating film 40 is a transparent film with good light transmittance. This prevents the insulating film 40 from obscuring the first surface of the solar cell 10 and affecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0199] The battery cell in this embodiment is a back-contact battery cell, which has an alternately arranged first doped layer and a second doped layer. In order to ensure the insulation performance of the two regions, an isolation region needs to be formed. The insulating block needs to cover the isolation regions on both sides of the corresponding fine grid at the same time.

[0200] like Figure 19 and Figure 20 As shown, the solar cell 10 in this embodiment can be a heterojunction back-contact solar cell or a hybrid heterojunction back-contact solar cell. The solar cell 10 includes a substrate, a doped layer, and a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer stacked sequentially. The doped layer includes a first doped layer and a second doped layer, both extending along a first direction X and alternately spaced along a second direction Y, with an isolation region between adjacent first and second doped layers. The transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer is stacked on the side of the first and second doped layers away from the substrate and covers the isolation region. A first fine grid 11 is formed on the first doped layer, and a second fine grid 12 is formed on the second doped layer. The first and second doped layers have opposite conductivity types; the first doped layer has the same conductivity type as the first fine grid 11, and the second doped layer has the same conductivity type as the second fine grid 12. A groove is present on the first surface of the solar cell 10, such as... Figure 19 and 20 As shown, the first fine grid 11 can be disposed within the groove (e.g., Figure 19 (As shown), the second fine gate 12 can also be disposed within the groove. The isolation region is formed in the transparent conductive oxide layer, such as... Figure 19 and 20 As shown, one polarity of doped layer is formed within the recess of the substrate, while the other polarity of doped layer is formed outside the recess. The first insulating block 30 covers the isolation regions (i.e., the disconnected positions of the TCO layer) on both sides of the second fine gate 12. The first bus gate line 100 is connected to the first fine gate 11 and is insulated from the second fine gate 12 by the first insulating block 30.

[0201] In some embodiments, since the surface layer of the first surface of the battery cell 10 is a TCO layer, which is a conductive material, the busbar cannot contact the TCO layer of the opposite orientation, as contact would cause a short circuit. Therefore, along the second direction Y, the insulating block needs to at least partially cover the isolation area on both sides of the fine grid that needs to be insulated to ensure the reliability of the electrical connection.

[0202] To ensure the insulation of the photovoltaic module, in this embodiment, the width of the first insulating block 30 is set to be greater than or equal to the width of the isolation zone along the second direction Y.

[0203] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0204] Although alternative embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make further changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the alternative embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0205] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such an article or terminal device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or terminal device that includes that element.

[0206] The technical solution provided by the present invention has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the principle and implementation of the present invention. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

Claims

1. A back-contact photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: A battery cell (10) has a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other. The first surface of the battery cell (10) is provided with a first grid (11) and a second grid (12) that extend along a first direction (X) and are alternately spaced along a second direction (Y). The second direction (Y) intersects the first direction (X). A first electrical connector (20) extends along the second direction (Y) and is disposed on the first surface of the battery cell (10). The first electrical connector (20) is electrically connected to the first fine grid (11). A first insulating block (30) is disposed between the first electrical connector (20) and the second fine grid (12). The first insulating block (30) extends along the first direction (X) for a length of W1. A first busbar assembly extends along the first direction (X) and is disposed on the first surface of the battery cell (10). The first busbar assembly includes at least two insulating portions and at least one conductive portion. Along the first direction (X), the conductive portion is located between two adjacent insulating portions. The conductive portion is electrically connected to the first electrical connector (20). The extension length of the conductive portion along the first direction (X) is W2. The insulating portions and the first insulating block (30) have an overlapping portion. The length of the overlapping portion along the first direction (X) is W3, satisfying W1 > W2 and W3 ≥ 1 mm.

2. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first busbar component includes: An insulating film (40) is disposed on the side of the first electrical connector (20) away from the battery cell (10). The insulating film (40) has a cutout portion (41) which is disposed corresponding to the first electrical connector (20). In the insulating film (40), the portion located between two adjacent cutout portions (41) along the first direction (X) forms the insulating portion. The first busbar (50) extends along the first direction (X) and is disposed on the side of the insulating film (40) away from the battery cell (10). The portion of the first busbar (50) corresponding to the hollow portion (41) is formed as the conductive portion.

3. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first busbar assembly includes a first busbar (50) and an insulating layer disposed on the first busbar (50). The first busbar (50) extends along the first direction (X) and is disposed on the first surface of the battery cell (10); The insulating layer includes a plurality of sub-insulating layers, which are spaced apart along the first direction (X). There is a first gap between two adjacent sub-insulating layers. The portion of the first busbar (50) corresponding to the first gap is the conductive portion. Each sub-insulating layer forms an insulating portion.

4. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The insulating film (40) includes an insulating strip (42) that extends along the first direction (X); Along the second direction (Y), the width of the first busbar (50) is M1, and the width of the insulating strip (42) is M2, satisfying M2-M1≥2mm; Along the first direction (X), the length of the insulating strip (42) is greater than the length of the first busbar (50).

5. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The following conditions must be met: 4mm ≤ M1 ≤ 12mm; And / or, along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module, the thickness of the first busbar (50) is H1 and the thickness of the insulating strip (42) is H2, satisfying 0.2mm≤H1≤0.6mm; 0.4mm≤H2≤0.8mm.

6. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the first direction (X), the width of the first electrical connector (20) is L1, which satisfies W2≥3L1, where 0.15mm≤L1≤0.8mm.

7. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second electrical connector (60) disposed adjacent to the first electrical connector (20). The second electrical connector (60) extends along the second direction (Y), and the second electrical connector (60) is disposed at a distance from the first electrical connector (20) along the first direction (X) on the first surface of the battery cell (10). The second electrical connector (60) is electrically connected to the second fine grid (12) and is insulated from the first fine grid (11). Along the first direction (X), the distance between the second electrical connector (60) and the first electrical connector (20) is L2, which satisfies W2≤1 / 2L2.

8. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, It satisfies 6mm≤L2≤15mm.

9. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The following conditions must be met: 0.95mm≤W1≤22.5mm; and / or 0.45mm≤W2≤7.5mm; and / or 1mm≤W3≤7.5mm.

10. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, Along the second direction (Y), the battery cell (10) has a first side (13) and a second side (14) disposed opposite to each other, and the first busbar (50) is disposed on the first surface of the battery cell (10) near the first side (13); At least two first pads (70) are provided between the first electrical connector (20) and the first surface of the battery cell (10), and the at least two first pads (70) are arranged at intervals along the second direction (Y); Along the second direction (Y), the first pad (70) closest to the first side (13) is the first sub-pad (71), the distance between the first sub-pad (71) and the first side (13) is L3, and the width of the conductive part along the second direction (Y) is L4, satisfying L3 > L4.

11. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 10, characterized in that, The following conditions must be met: 5mm≤L3≤15mm; and / or 5mm≤L4≤12mm.

12. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 10, characterized in that, The first busbar (50) has a first projection on the plane where the battery cell (10) is located, and the insulating strip (42) has a second projection on the plane where the battery cell (10) is located, with the first projection falling into the second projection; The first sub-pad (71) has a third projection on the plane where the battery cell (10) is located, and the third projection is offset from the first projection and the second projection.

13. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the second direction (Y), the distance between two adjacent first insulating blocks (30) is L5, which satisfies 100μm≤L5≤500μm.

14. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the thickness direction of the photovoltaic module, the thickness of the first insulating block (30) is H3, which satisfies 10μm≤H3≤50μm.

15. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 7, characterized in that, A second insulating block (80) is provided between the second electrical connector (60) and the first fine grid (11); Along the first direction (X), the distance between the adjacent second insulating block (80) and the first insulating block (30) is L6, which satisfies L6≥0mm.

16. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 15, characterized in that, The requirement is L6≥7.5mm.

17. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 15, characterized in that, The length of the first insulating block (30) closer to the first busbar (50) along the first direction (X) is greater than the length of the first insulating block (30) relatively farther away from the first busbar (50) along the first direction (X); And / or, the length of the second insulating block (80) closer to the first busbar (50) along the first direction (X) is greater than the length of the second insulating block (80) relatively farther away from the first busbar (50) along the first direction (X).

18. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 12, characterized in that, Along the second direction (Y), the position of the battery cell (10) near the first side (13) or the second side (14) is the first region (A); Within the first region (A), a first end line (90) is also provided on the first surface of the battery cell (10). Along the second direction (Y), the first end line (90) is connected to the first sub-pad (71), and the first end line (90) extends from the position of the first sub-pad (71) to the edge near the battery cell (10). The first end wire (90) is electrically connected to the first fine grid (11), and the first end wire (90) is insulated from the second fine grid (12).

19. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 18, characterized in that, The first end line (90) includes at least two sub-end lines (91), one end of each of the at least two sub-end lines (91) is connected to the first sub-pad (71), and the other ends of the at least two sub-end lines (91) are far apart from each other.

20. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 19, characterized in that, Along the first direction (X), the farthest distance between the ends of at least two of the sub-end lines (91) away from the first sub-pad (71) is L7, satisfying W2 > L7.

21. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the first direction (X), the width of the conductive part is L8, satisfying W1 > L8; And / or, 0.45mm≤L8≤7.5mm.

22. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a second electrical connector (60) disposed adjacent to the first electrical connector (20). Each of the sub-insulating layers extends along the second direction (Y), and each of the sub-insulating strips covers the side of a second electrical connector (60) away from the battery cell (10) to secure the second electrical connector (60).

23. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that, The insulating film (40) has a fourth projection on the plane where the battery cell (10) is located, and the first electrical connector (20) has a fifth projection on the plane where the battery cell (10) is located. The extension length of the fourth projection along the second direction (Y) is greater than 50% of the length of the fifth projection along the second direction (Y).

24. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery cell (10) includes multiple cells. The plurality of said battery cells (10) are arranged at intervals along the second direction (Y); Alternatively, a plurality of the battery cells (10) are arranged sequentially along the second direction (Y), and in two adjacent battery cells (10), one battery cell (10) is at least partially stacked on the first surface of the other battery cell (10).

25. The back-contact photovoltaic module according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least two first pads (70) are provided between the first electrical connector (20) and the first surface of the battery cell (10), and the at least two first pads (70) are arranged at intervals along the second direction (Y); Along the second direction (Y), the first busbar (50) is disposed at the middle position of the battery cell (10) and is located between two adjacent first pads (70).

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