Perch feed as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The perch feed provided by the invention comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 4-12% of arrowia lipolytica protein; the research finds that the arrowia lipolytica protein can replace fish meal in micropterus salmoides feed, the use amount of the fish meal can be remarkably reduced, the palatability of the feed can be improved, the food consumption can be promoted, the activity of trypsin and lipase in intestinal tracts can be improved, the digestion efficiency can be improved, the elasticity of fish meat can be enhanced, and the meat quality of the fish meat can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aquatic feed, in particular to a perch feed and a preparation method and use thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] As an important freshwater economic fish, Micropterus salmoides is popular in the market due to its fast growth rate and tender and delicious meat. Traditional M. salmoides feed mainly uses high-proportion fish meal (usually > 40%) as a protein source. However, fish meal resources are not only scarce and expensive, but also have large fluctuations in quality, which makes the breeding cost always high. In addition, overfishing of fish meal raw materials further exacerbates the pressure on the marine ecosystem. Therefore, developing low-cost and sustainable alternative protein sources has become an urgent need in the industry.

[0003] However, the development of alternative protein sources is not easy. M. salmoides has high nutritional requirements for feed, especially strict requirements for protein and amino acid balance. If the alternative protein source cannot meet its growth requirements, it may lead to a decrease in breeding efficiency and even affect fish health. In addition, there are significant differences in palatability and digestion and absorption rate of different protein sources, which further increases the difficulty of formula optimization. Therefore, at present, there are few studies on alternative fish meal feed for M. salmoides. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a perch feed and a preparation method and use thereof, which significantly reduces the amount of fish meal in the feed and improves the palatability of the feed, promotes the feed intake and improves the meat quality.

[0005] To this end, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application provides a perch feed containing 4-12% of Yarrowia lipolytica protein by mass percentage.

[0007] Yarrowia lipolytica protein is a single-cell protein, rich in essential amino acids, nucleotides and growth-promoting factors, with high digestibility and immune-enhancing function. And Yarrowia lipolytica has unique metabolic pathways and gene expression characteristics. It has a strong ability to decompose hydrophobic compounds, can use glucose, glycerol, acetate and acetylglucosamine as carbon source for growth, has strong protein expression ability, and the product has high crude protein level, which can effectively respond to the development trend of low-protein diet. However, its application in aquatic feed has not been fully developed, especially the effect of replacing fish meal in bass such as kelp feed has not been clearly defined. However, the present application found that the Yarrowia lipolytica protein can replace fish meal in bass such as kelp feed, and can significantly reduce the amount of fish meal, and also can improve the palatability of the feed, promote the feed intake, and improve the fish meat quality.

[0008] In some embodiments, the Yarrowia lipolytica protein includes Yarrowia lipolytica bacteria or protein raw materials prepared after autolysis, cell wall breaking, and enzymolysis of the Yarrowia lipolytica bacteria, and the crude protein content of the protein raw materials is 40-70 wt%; preferably, the Yarrowia lipolytica bacteria is Yarrowia lipolytica CCTCC NO: M20241641;

[0009] In some embodiments, the mass percentage of fish meal in the bass feed is <40%, and further, the mass percentage of fish meal can be <40%, ≤36%, ≤35%, ≤30%, ≤28%, or ≤22%.

[0010] In some embodiments, at least one of the following raw materials is further included: fish meal, fermented soybean meal, corn gluten meal, flour, shrimp shell powder, premix, cellulose, antioxidant, fatty substance, or calcium source.

[0011] In some embodiments, the raw materials include the following weight parts: fish meal 25-30 parts by weight, Yarrowia lipolytica protein 5-10 parts by weight, fermented soybean meal 15-20 parts by weight, corn gluten meal 7-10 parts by weight, flour 20-30 parts by weight, shrimp shell powder 1-5 parts by weight, premix 1.32-3.6 parts by weight, cellulose 0.8-1.9 parts by weight, antioxidant 0.01-0.05 parts by weight, fatty substance 5-10 parts by weight, and calcium source 2.8-3.05 parts by weight.

[0012] In some embodiments, the fatty substance includes at least one of fish oil, vegetable oil, and phospholipid, wherein the fish oil is 2-3 parts by weight, the vegetable oil is 2-4 parts by weight, and / or the phospholipid is 1-3 parts by weight.

[0013] Optionally, the vegetable oil includes, but is not limited to, at least one of peanut oil, soybean oil, flaxseed oil, castor oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil, or sunflower seed oil; preferably, soybean oil.

[0014] Optionally, the antioxidant comprises at least one of ethoxyquin, BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene), DL-α-tocopherol or propyl gallate.

[0015] In some embodiments, the calcium source is at least one of calcium phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate or calcium bicarbonate; optionally, the calcium source is calcium phosphate.

[0016] In some embodiments, the premix comprises fish multi-vitamin premix, multi-mineral premix, compound probiotics, compound enzyme preparation and choline chloride, wherein the fish multi-vitamin premix is 0.3-0.6 parts by weight, the multi-mineral premix is 1-2 parts by weight, the compound probiotics is 0.1-0.5 parts by weight, the compound enzyme preparation is 0.1-0.5 parts by weight, and the choline chloride is 0.01-0.05 parts by weight.

[0017] In some embodiments, the compound probiotics comprises, but is not limited to, at least one of Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium butyricum, Bifidobacterium animalis, Enterococcus faecium or Bacillus licheniformis; preferably, Bacillus subtilis.

[0018] In some embodiments, the compound enzyme preparation comprises, but is not limited to, at least one of phytase, protease, amylase, lipase or xylanase; preferably, at least one of protease, lipase and xylanase.

[0019] And / or, the fish multi-vitamin premix contains vitamin A acetate 10-20 g, VD 5-10 g, VE 60-100 g, VB6 6-7 g and VB 12 15-25 g per kilogram;

[0020] And / or, the multi-mineral premix contains FeSO4 10-20 g, ZnSO4 8-15 g and CuSO4 1-2 g per kilogram;

[0021] Preferably, the bass feed is a California bass feed.

[0022] The embodiment of the present application provides a preparation method of the bass feed.

[0023] (1) mixing fish meal, fermented soybean meal, corn gluten meal, flour, shrimp shell powder, premix, cellulose, antioxidant, Rhodotorula graminis protein, fat and calcium source to obtain a mixture, and crushing the mixture;

[0024] (2) performing conditioning treatment on the mixture of step (1);

[0025] (3) granulating and forming;

[0026] (4) performing curing treatment.

[0027] In some embodiments, the mixture is pulverized to 60-100 mesh in the pulverizing step;

[0028] And / or, the temperature is 100-125℃ and the time is 10-30 seconds in the tempering step;

[0029] And / or, the particle size is 1.0-2.0mm in the granulating step;

[0030] And / or, the temperature is 80-100℃ and the time is 30-40 minutes in the curing step;

[0031] And / or, the curing degree of the feed after the curing step is ≥95%.

[0032] The application provides a use of the sea bass feed or the sea bass feed prepared by the preparation method in sea bass breeding, sea bass weight gain, sea bass crude protein improvement, sea bass trypsin activity improvement, or in preparation of a product for sea bass breeding, sea bass weight gain, sea bass crude protein improvement, sea bass trypsin activity improvement.

[0033] In some embodiments, the feeding amount is 3-5% of the body weight of the sea bass.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment, the sea bass is a California sea bass.

[0035] The technical scheme of the application has the following advantages:

[0036] 1. The sea bass feed provided by the application contains 4-12% of Yarrowia lipolytica protein in terms of mass percentage. Yarrowia lipolytica protein is a kind of single-cell protein, which is rich in essential amino acids, nucleotides and growth-promoting factors, has high digestibility and immune-enhancing function, and has unique metabolic pathways and gene expression characteristics. It has strong ability to decompose hydrophobic compounds, can grow by using glucose, glycerol, acetate and acetylglucosaminide as carbon sources, has strong protein expression capacity, and has high product crude protein level, so it can effectively respond to the development trend of low-protein daily diet. However, its application in aquatic feed has not been fully developed, especially the effect of replacing fish meal in California sea bass feed has not been determined. However, the present application found that the Yarrowia lipolytica protein can replace fish meal in California sea bass feed, significantly reduce the amount of fish meal, improve the palatability of the feed, promote the feed intake, improve the intestinal trypsin, enhance the digestion efficiency, enhance the elasticity of the fish meat, improve the quality of the fish meat, improve the crude protein of the sea bass fish meat, and promote the weight gain of the sea bass.

[0037] 2. The preparation method of the sea bass feed provided by the present application comprises the following steps: (1) mixing fish meal, soybean meal, corn gluten meal, flour, shrimp shell powder, premix, cellulose, antioxidant, Yarrowia lipolytica protein, fat and calcium source to obtain a mixture, and crushing; (2) performing conditioning treatment on the mixture of step (1); (3) granulating and forming; and (4) aging treatment; the above method is simple and easy to operate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following examples are provided for better further understanding of the present application, and do not limit the content and protection scope of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the content and protection scope of the present application, and any person who obtains any product the same as or similar to the present application under the inspiration of the present application or by combining the present application with other prior art features falls within the protection scope of the present application.

[0039] The specific experimental steps or conditions not mentioned in the examples can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in the art or the operation or conditions. The reagents or instruments not mentioned by the manufacturer are conventional reagent products that can be obtained by purchase.

[0040] Raw materials and equipment involved in the following examples

[0041] The Yarrowia lipolytica protein in Examples 1-5 is prepared from Yarrowia lipolytica CCTCC NO: M20241641 according to Example 2 in patent document CN119220422A. Yarrowia lipolytica CCTCC NO: M20241641 is isolated and screened from the distiller's grains of a winery in Meishan, Sichuan.

[0042] The Torulopsis candida protein, the Kluyveromyces lactis protein, the Williopsis anomalus protein and the Yarrowia lipolytica protein are all products obtained by conventional fermentation of commercially available Torulopsis candida, Kluyveromyces lactis, Williopsis anomalus and Yarrowia lipolytica.

[0043] Fermented soybean meal: crude protein ≥ 45%, fermented strain is Bacillus subtilis and lactic acid bacteria complex, purchased from Rizhao Dongwei Feed Co., Ltd.

[0044] Fish oil: purity ≥ 98%, purchased from Tianjin Hailiyuntong Import & Export Co., Ltd.

[0045] Bacillus subtilis (1 x 10 9 CFU / g), Clostridium butyricum (5 x 10 9 CFU / g), Bifidobacterium animalis (1 x 10 9 CFU / g), Enterococcus faecium (5 x 10 9 CFU / g), Bacillus licheniformis (2.5 x 109 CFU / g). The above-mentioned probiotics are purchased from Blue Bio.

[0046] Phytase (5000 U / g), Protease (10000 U / g), Amylase (8000 U / g), Lipase (100000 U / g), Xylanase (10000 U / g). The above-mentioned enzyme preparations are purchased from Xinhua Yang Bio-technology Co., Ltd.

[0047] Equipment: Hammer mill (Buhler SFSP series), double shaft conditioner (Zhengchang Group), ring die granulator (Jiangsu Zhengchang SPHS type).

[0048] Example 1

[0049] This example provides a feed for Micropterus salmoides, which is composed of the following raw materials:

[0050] Fish meal 30 kg, Lipomyces lipoferus (CCTCC NO: M20241641) protein 10 kg, fermented soybean meal 15 kg, corn gluten meal 10 kg, flour 20 kg, shrimp shell powder 3 kg, premix 2.5 kg, cellulose 1.2 kg, ethoxyquin (antioxidant) 0.03 kg, fish oil 3 kg, soybean oil 3 kg, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 3.05 kg.

[0051] Premix composition:

[0052] Multi-vitamin premix 0.47 kg (containing vitamin A acetate 15 g / kg, VD3 8 g / kg, VE 80 g / kg, VB6 6 g / kg, VB20 g / kg); 12 20g / kg) ;

[0053] Multi-mineral premix 1.5 kg (containing FeSO4 10 g / kg, ZnSO4 8 g / kg, CuSO4 1 g / kg);

[0054] Compound probiotics 0.3 kg (mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Clostridium butyricum is 1:1);

[0055] Compound enzyme preparation 0.2 kg (mass ratio of phytase: protease: amylase is 1:2:1);

[0056] Choline chloride 0.03 kg.

[0057] Preparation method:

[0058] (1) Mixing and crushing: weigh the raw materials according to the formula, mix and crush to 80 mesh;

[0059] (2) Conditioning: pass steam into the double shaft conditioner, temperature 110°C, conditioning time 20 seconds;

[0060] (3) Granulation: ring die granulator was used, die diameter 1.5 mm, granulation temperature 85℃;

[0061] (4) Maturation: the granules were matured at 95℃ for 35 minutes, maturation degree ≥95%;

[0062] (5) Cooling and packaging: after countercurrent cooling, the product was packaged.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] The present example provides a feed for Micropterus salmoides, which is composed of the following raw materials:

[0065] Fish meal 27 kg, Yarrowia lipolytica (CCTCC NO: M20241641) protein 5 kg, fermented soybean meal 20 kg, corn gluten meal 7 kg, flour 22 kg, shrimp shell powder 5 kg, premix 3.6 kg, cellulose 1.9 kg, ethoxyquin 0.05 kg, fish oil 2 kg, phospholipid 3 kg, calcium hydrogen phosphate 2.8 kg.

[0066] Premix composition:

[0067] Multi-vitamin premix 0.55 kg (containing vitamin A acetate 20 g / kg, VD3 10 g / kg, VE 100 g / kg, VB6 7 g / kg, VB 12 25 g / kg);

[0068] Multi-mineral premix 2 kg (containing FeSO4 12 g / kg, ZnSO4 10 g / kg, CuSO4 1.5 g / kg);

[0069] Compound probiotics 0.5 kg (mass ratio of Bacillus licheniformis to Enterococcus faecium is 2:1);

[0070] Compound enzyme preparation 0.5 kg (mass ratio of lipase to xylanase is 1:1);

[0071] Choline chloride 0.05 kg.

[0072] Preparation method:

[0073] (1) Mixing and crushing: the raw materials were weighed according to the formula, mixed, and crushed to 100 mesh;

[0074] (2) Conditioning: steam was introduced into the double-shaft conditioner, temperature 120℃, conditioning time 15 seconds;

[0075] (3) Granulation: ring die granulator was used, granulation particle size 2.0 mm, granulation temperature 85℃;

[0076] (4) Maturation: the granules were matured at 100℃ for 40 minutes, maturation degree ≥95%;

[0077] (5), cooling and packaging: after counter-flow cooling, the product is packed.

[0078] Example 3

[0079] This example provides a feed for Micropterus salmoides, which is composed of the following raw materials:

[0080] Fish meal 28 kg, Lipozyme 8 kg, fermented soybean meal 18 kg, corn gluten meal 9 kg, flour 20 kg, shrimp shell powder 1 kg, premix 2 kg, cellulose 0.8 kg, ethoxyquin 0.01 kg, fish oil 3 kg, phospholipid 3 kg, corn oil 4 kg, calcium bicarbonate 3.0 kg.

[0081] Premix composition:

[0082] Multi-vitamin premix 0.3 kg (containing vitamin A acetate 10 g / kg, VD3 5 g / kg, VE 60 g / kg, VB6 7 g / kg, VB 12 15 g / kg);

[0083] Multi-mineral premix 1 kg (containing FeSO4 12 g / kg, ZnSO4 10 g / kg, CuSO4 1.5 g / kg);

[0084] Compound probiotics 0.19 kg (animal bifidobacterium: bacillus licheniformis: Enterococcus faecium = 2:2:1, mass ratio);

[0085] Compound enzyme preparation 0.5 kg (phytase: protease: amylase: lipase: xylanase = 1:1:1:1:1, mass ratio);

[0086] Choline chloride 0.01 kg.

[0087] Preparation method:

[0088] (1), mixing and crushing: the raw materials are weighed according to the formula, mixed, and crushed to 60 mesh;

[0089] (2), conditioning: steam is introduced into the double-shaft conditioner, the temperature is 125℃, and the conditioning time is 10 seconds;

[0090] (3), granulation: ring die granulator is used, the granulation particle size is 1.0 mm, and the granulation temperature is 85℃;

[0091] (4), curing: the granules are cured at 80℃ for 40 minutes, and the curing degree is ≥95%;

[0092] (5), cooling and packaging: after counter-flow cooling, the product is packed.

[0093] Example 4

[0094] The present example provides a feed for Micropterus salmoides, which is composed of the following raw materials:

[0095] Fish meal 25 kg, Yarrowia lipolytica (CCTCC NO: M20241641) protein 8 kg, fermented soybean meal 17 kg, corn gluten meal 8 kg, flour 28 kg, shrimp shell powder 2 kg, premix 1.51 kg, cellulose 1.0 kg, ethoxyquin 0.03 kg, fish oil 2 kg, phospholipid 3 kg, peanut oil 3 kg, calcium bicarbonate 3.0 kg.

[0096] Premix composition:

[0097] Multi-vitamin premix 0.3 kg (containing vitamin A acetate 15 g / kg, VD3 8 g / kg, VE 80 g / kg, VB6 7 g / kg, VB 12 20 g / kg);

[0098] Multi-mineral premix 1 kg (containing FeSO4 10 g / kg, ZnSO4 15 g / kg, CuSO4 1 g / kg);

[0099] Compound probiotics 0.1 kg (Bacillus subtilis: Clostridium butyricum: Bifidobacterium animalis, Bacillus licheniformis: Enterococcus faecium = 1:1:1:1:1, mass ratio);

[0100] Compound enzyme preparation 0.1 kg (lipase: xylanase = 1:1, mass ratio);

[0101] Choline chloride 0.01 kg.

[0102] Preparation method:

[0103] (1) Mixing and crushing: weigh the raw materials according to the formula, mix and crush to 100 mesh;

[0104] (2) Conditioning: pass steam into the double-shaft conditioner, temperature 100°C, conditioning time 30 seconds;

[0105] (3) Granulation: use ring die granulator, granulation particle size 2.0 mm, granulation temperature 85°C;

[0106] (4) Curing: granules are cured at 95°C for 30 minutes, curing degree ≥95%;

[0107] (5) Cooling and packaging: after countercurrent cooling, pack into finished products.

[0108] Example 5

[0109] The present example provides a feed for Micropterus salmoides, which is composed of the following raw materials:

[0110] Fish meal 30 kg, Lipomyces starkeyi (CCTCC NO: M20241641) protein 9 kg, fermented soybean meal 15 kg, corn gluten meal 7 kg, flour 30 kg, shrimp shell meal 1 kg, premix 1.32 kg, cellulose 1.0 kg, ethoxyquin 0.01 kg, phospholipid 1 kg, linseed oil 4 kg, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2.8 kg.

[0111] Premix composition:

[0112] Multi-vitamin premix 0.3 kg (containing vitamin A acetate 18 g / kg, VD3 8 g / kg, VE 90 g / kg, VB6 7 g / kg, VB 12 18 g / kg);

[0113] Multi-mineral premix 0.87 kg (containing FeSO4 20 g / kg, ZnSO4 8 g / kg, CuSO4 2 g / kg);

[0114] Compound probiotics 0.07 kg (Bacillus subtilis: Enterococcus faecium = 1:1, mass ratio);

[0115] Compound enzyme preparation 0.07 kg (lipase: protease = 1:1, mass ratio);

[0116] Choline chloride 0.01 kg.

[0117] Preparation method:

[0118] (1) Mixing and crushing: weigh the raw materials according to the formula, mix and crush to 100 mesh;

[0119] (2) Conditioning: pass steam into the double-shaft conditioner, temperature 120°C, conditioning time 15 seconds;

[0120] (3) Granulation: use ring die granulator, granulation particle size 2.0 mm, granulation temperature 85°C;

[0121] (4) Curing: granules are cured at 100°C for 40 minutes, curing degree ≥95%;

[0122] (5) Cooling and packaging: after countercurrent cooling, pack into finished products.

[0123] Comparative Example 1

[0124] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the Yarrowia lipolytica (CCTCC NO: M20241641) protein is replaced by fish meal, i.e., the formula is: fish meal 40 kg, fermented soybean meal 15 kg, corn gluten meal 10 kg, flour 20 kg, shrimp shell powder 3 kg, premix 2.5 kg, cellulose 1.2 kg, ethoxyquin (antioxidant) 0.03 kg, fish oil 3 kg, soybean oil 3 kg, and calcium dihydrogen phosphate 3.05 kg.

[0125] Comparative Example 2

[0126] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the Yarrowia lipolytica (CCTCC NO: M20241641) protein is replaced by the Yarrowia lipolytica protein.

[0127] Comparative Example 3

[0128] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the Yarrowia lipolytica (CCTCC NO: M20241641) protein is replaced by the Yarrowia lipolytica protein.

[0129] Comparative Example 4

[0130] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the Yarrowia lipolytica (CCTCC NO: M20241641) protein is replaced by the Yarrowia lipolytica protein.

[0131] Comparative Example 5

[0132] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the Yarrowia lipolytica (CCTCC NO: M20241641) protein is replaced by the Yarrowia lipolytica protein.

[0133] Example 6

[0134] The difference between this example and Example 1 is that the Yarrowia lipolytica (CCTCC NO: M20241641) protein is replaced by the Yarrowia lipolytica protein.

[0135] Experimental Example

[0136] A total of 1320 California bass with an initial weight of 50±2 g were selected and randomly divided into 11 groups (Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-5), with 3 replicates in each group, and fed for 8 weeks.

[0137] The culture conditions were as follows: water temperature 25±1℃, dissolved oxygen≥6 mg / L, and the fish were fed twice a day, with a feeding amount of 5% of the body weight each time.

[0138] The following indicators were detected:

[0139] Weight gain rate (%)

[0140] Initial body weight and final body weight of each replicate were measured.

[0141] Weight gain rate = (final body weight - initial body weight) / initial body weight x 100%.

[0142] Feed conversion ratio:

[0143] Each replicate, twice a day (6:30 am, 6:30 pm), 15 minutes after each feeding, the residual feed was collected for counting and calculating the dry weight for the subsequent calculation of the total amount of feed.

[0144] Feed conversion ratio = total amount of feed / (final body weight - initial body weight).

[0145] Crude protein content of fish meat (%):

[0146] Each replicate, 5 fish were taken, after dissection, the dorsal muscle was taken as the test sample, and the Kjeldahl method was used to test the crude protein content.

[0147] Crude protein content = (nitrogen content x 6.25) x 100%.

[0148] Fish meat quality: fish meat elasticity:

[0149] Each replicate, 5 fish were taken, after dissection, the dorsal muscle was taken as the test sample, and the TA.TOUCH texture analyzer was used to test the fish meat elasticity.

[0150] Trypsin activity (U / mg):

[0151] Each replicate, 5 fish were taken, the midgut and hindgut were preserved in 2 ml sterile enzyme-free cryotubes (NUNC, USA) for detection of enzyme activity indicators. Trypsin activity test: Nanjing Jiancheng kit (Nanjing, China) was used for determination and analysis.

[0152] Experimental results:

[0153] Table 1, experimental results

[0154] Sample Weight gain rate (%) Feed conversion ratio Fish meat crude protein (%) Example 1 228.5 ± 5.3 a ]] 1.08 ± 0.03 a ]] 19.2 ± 0.3 a ]] Example 2 210.4 ± 4.8 b ]] 1.15 ± 0.04 ab ]] 18.7 ± 0.2 a ]] Example 3 218.2 ± 4.6 a ]] 1.13 ± 0.04 a ]] 18.9 ± 0.3 a ]] Example 4 215.2 ± 4.8 b ]] 1.14 ± 0.03 a ]] 18.8 ± 0.2 a ]] Example 5 225.2 ± 4.1 a ]] 1.10 ± 0.02 a ]] 19.1 ± 0.3 a ]] Example 6 201.5 ± 4.3 c ]]> 1.21 ± 0.03 b ]] 18.6 ± 0.3 a ]] Comparative Example 1 172.2 ± 6.1 c ]] 1.42 ± 0.05 d ]] 17.1 ± 0.4 b ]] Comparative Example 2 182 ± 4.1 c ]] 1.31 ± 0.02 c ]] 17.7 ± 0.2 b ]] Comparative Example 3 179 ± 3.6 c ]] 1.36 ± 0.03 c ]] 17.5 ± 0.4 b ]] Comparative Example 4 165 ± 5.6 d ]] 1.48 ± 0.05 d ]] 16.5 ± 0.2 b ]] Comparative Example 5 195 ± 4.2 c ]] 1.28 ± 0.02 c ]] 18.5 ± 0.3 a ]]

[0155] Results are expressed as mean ± standard error, a, b, c, d, each column with different letter superscript indicates significant difference (P < 0.05).

[0156] Table 2, experimental results

[0157]

[0158]

[0159] Results are expressed as mean ± standard error, a, b, c, d each column different letter superscript represents significant difference (P < 0.05).

[0160] From the above table 1 and table 2 can be drawn:

[0161] In the weight gain rate, the weight gain rate of the example 1-5 group is significantly higher than that of the comparison example group, and the difference is statistically significant, which fully proves the superiority of the feed of the example group in promoting the growth of sea bass, and indicates that the yarrowia lipolytica protein can effectively replace fish meal;

[0162] In terms of feed conversion rate, the feed conversion rate of the example group is reduced by more than 10% compared with the comparison example group, and the difference is statistically significant, indicating that the feed utilization of the present application is higher;

[0163] In terms of fish crude protein, compared with the comparison example group, the fish crude protein content of the example group is improved, which greatly improves the meat quality;

[0164] In terms of fish elasticity, compared with the comparison example group, the fish elasticity of the example group is significantly improved, and the difference is statistically significant, which further proves the significant effect of the feed of the present application in improving the texture and overall quality of fish.

[0165] In terms of intestinal digestive enzyme activity, compared with the comparison example group, the trypsin activity of the example group is significantly enhanced, which improves the effect of improving the digestive function of the sea bass, thereby reducing the feed conversion rate and improving the breeding benefit.

[0166] The feed of the present application is suitable for intensive breeding of sea bass, can significantly reduce the fish meal dosage to less than 30%, and at the same time improve the growth performance and fish quality, has significant economic benefit and ecological benefit.

[0167] Obviously, the above examples are only examples for clarity, and do not limit the embodiments. For ordinary skilled in the art, on the basis of the above description, other different forms of changes or variations can also be made. Here, it is not necessary and impossible to exhaust all embodiments. The obvious changes or variations derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A feed for sea bass, characterized in that, The Yarrowia lipolytica protein comprises a protein raw material prepared from Yarrowia lipolytica or autolysis, broken wall, enzymolysis of the Yarrowia lipolytica, and the crude protein content of the protein raw material is 40-70wt%; preferably, the Yarrowia lipolytica is Yarrowia lipolytica CCTCC NO: M20241641.

2. The sea bass feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fish meal accounts for <40%, ≤36%, ≤35%, ≤30%, ≤28% or ≤22% of the mass percentage of the seabass feed. The feed further comprises at least one of the following raw materials: fish meal, fermented soybean meal, corn gluten meal, flour, shrimp shell powder, premix, cellulose, antioxidant, fatty substance or calcium source; 3. The sea bass feed according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Optionally, the feed comprises the following raw materials by weight: 25-30 parts of fish meal, 5-10 parts of Yarrowia lipolytica protein, 15-20 parts of fermented soybean meal, 7-10 parts of corn gluten meal, 20-30 parts of flour, 1-5 parts of shrimp shell powder, 1.32-3.6 parts of premix, 0.8-1.9 parts of cellulose, 0.01-0.05 parts of antioxidant, 5-10 parts of fatty substance, and 2.8-3.05 parts of calcium source. The fatty substance comprises at least one of fish oil, vegetable oil and phospholipid, wherein the fish oil accounts for 2-3 parts by weight, the vegetable oil accounts for 2-4 parts by weight, and / or the phospholipid accounts for 1-3 parts by weight; 4. The sea bass feed according to claim 3, characterized in that, Optionally, the vegetable oil comprises at least one of peanut oil, soybean oil, linseed oil, castor oil, rapeseed oil, corn oil or sunflower seed oil; Optionally, the antioxidant comprises at least one of ethoxyquin, butylated hydroxytoluene, DL-α-tocopherol or propyl gallate. The calcium source is at least one of calcium phosphate, calcium hydrogen phosphate or calcium hydrogen carbonate; optionally, the calcium source is calcium phosphate.

5. The sea bass feed according to any one of claims 3 to 4, characterized in that, The premix comprises fish multi-vitamin premix, multi-mineral premix, compound probiotics, compound enzyme preparation and choline chloride, wherein the multi-vitamin premix accounts for 0.3-0.6 parts by weight, the multi-mineral premix accounts for 1-2 parts by weight, the compound probiotics accounts for 0.1-0.5 parts by weight, the compound enzyme preparation accounts for 0.1-0.5 parts by weight, and the choline chloride accounts for 0.01-0.05 parts by weight; 6. The sea bass feed according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, Optionally, the compound probiotics comprises at least one of Bacillus subtilis, Clostridium butyricum, Bifidobacterium animalis, Enterococcus faecium or Bacillus licheniformis; preferably, the compound probiotics is Bacillus subtilis; Optionally, the compound enzyme preparation comprises at least one of phytase, protease, amylase, lipase or xylanase; preferably, the compound enzyme preparation is at least one of protease, lipase and xylanase; Optionally, the multi-mineral premix contains 10-20g of FeSO4, 8-15g of ZnSO4 and 1-2g of CuSO4 per kilogram; And / or, the fish with the multi-vitamin premix per kg contains vitamin A acetate 10-20 g, VD3 5-10 g, VE 60-100 g, VB6 6-7 g and VB 12 15-25 g; Optionally, the seabass feed is a feed for Paralabrax clathratus. The method comprises the following steps:

7. A method of preparing a feed for sea bass according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that, (1) mixing fish meal, fermented soybean meal, corn gluten meal, flour, shrimp shell powder, premix, cellulose, antioxidant, Yarrowia lipolytica protein, fatty substance and calcium source to obtain a mixture, and crushing the mixture; ​ (2) conditioning the mixture of step (1); (3) granulating the mixture; (4) maturation.

8. The preparation method of claim 7, wherein, in the pulverizing step, the mixture is pulverized to 60-100 mesh; and / or, in the conditioning step, the temperature is 100-125℃ and the time is 10-30 seconds; and / or, in the granulating step, the particle size is 1.0-2.0mm; and / or, in the maturation step, the temperature is 80-100℃ and the time is 30-40 minutes; and / or, the maturation degree of the feed after the maturation step is ≥95%.

9. Use of the seabass feed of any one of claims 1-6 or the seabass feed prepared by the preparation method of claim 7 or 8 in seabass breeding, seabass weight gain, improving seabass crude protein, improving seabass trypsin activity, or in the preparation of products for seabass breeding, seabass weight gain, improving seabass crude protein, improving seabass trypsin activity. The use includes feeding amount of 3-5% of the seabass body weight.

10. Use according to claim 9, characterized in that, The seabass is Paralabrax clathratus. ​

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