Plasma scalpel head not prone to causing thermal damage

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a plasma scalpel head not prone to causing thermal damage. Comprising a ceramic insulation part, a working electrode, a loop electrode, a rotating tube, a suction tube, a water injection tube and a handle. The working electrode is a hollow metal wire, the inner layer is covered with a high-heat-conductivity-coefficient insulating coating, and cold normal saline flows in the working electrode to reduce the working temperature; salient points are arranged in the middle of the electrode to enhance the field intensity and improve the cutting uniformity. A water injection channel is formed between the rotating pipe and the loop electrode, and the isolation pipe prevents salt water from permeating into the interior. And a rotary blade structure is arranged in the suction tube and can crush tissues and prevent blockage. The ceramic insulation part adopts a bearing structure to realize flexible rotation of the tool bit. Through electrode cooling, electric field optimization and rotary anti-blocking design, thermal damage is remarkably reduced, and operation safety and efficiency are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical device technology, specifically relating to a plasma surgical blade that is less prone to thermal damage. Background Technology

[0002] Plasma ablation technology uses a radiofrequency electric field to excite sodium ions in saline solution, generating an ionized plasma layer between the two electrodes of the surgical device. This plasma layer can rapidly break tissue molecular bonds, achieving cutting and ablation. Because the ion interaction range within the plasma layer is only about 100 micrometers, the ablation effect can be precisely controlled on the tissue surface in contact with the electrodes, with minimal impact on deeper tissues and minimal wound damage. The electric field exists only between the electrodes and does not penetrate deep into the tissue, keeping the operating temperature of the ablation head at 40-70℃ (compared to 350-700℃ for traditional electrosurgical equipment), significantly reducing thermal damage. Furthermore, the low-temperature plasma technology can also promote collagen shrinkage and has hemostatic properties.

[0003] The existing technology has the following drawbacks: Poor operational flexibility: The rotation function of most plasma scalpels requires two hands to operate, and it is difficult to rotate when holding the handle with one hand, which increases the difficulty of operation; Safety hazards in the water injection channel: The water injection channel is usually the annular space between the suction tube and the circuit electrode. If the water injection tube breaks, the saline solution can easily submerge the internal cables, causing safety problems. High local temperature of the working electrode: The electric field strength and current density are high at the electrode tip or where the radius of curvature is small, which leads to excessively high local temperature. This can easily cause thermal damage to normal tissues, affecting the surgical outcome and patient recovery. Poor uniformity of plasma field: The plasma field generated by the working electrode is not uniform, and the actual ablation location deviates from the expected location; in addition, the contact area between the electrode and the tissue is too large, which poses a risk of tissue adhesion during the ablation process and reduces the efficiency of the operation. Suction tube is prone to clogging: Tissue easily clogs the suction tube during aspiration, and existing solutions (such as increasing the tube diameter or adding a secondary ablation electrode) have limited effectiveness: the small diameter of the blade restricts the expansion of the tube diameter, while adding an electrode does not take into account the problem of reduced ablation efficiency and reduced suction diameter caused by tissue adhesion to the electrode.

[0004] In summary, there is an urgent need to provide a new type of plasma surgical tip to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a plasma surgical tip that is less prone to thermal damage. It can solve the problems of being difficult for users to operate, safety hazards in the internal water injection channel, poor uniformity of the plasma field generated by the working electrode, risk of tissue adhesion by the working electrode, easy blockage of the suction tube, and high local temperature of the working electrode.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is implemented as follows: This invention provides a plasma surgical tip that is less prone to thermal damage, comprising: The circuit electrode has a hollow tubular structure. The ceramic insulating part is located at the far end of the circuit electrode and has an electrode hole; The working electrode is installed in the electrode hole of the ceramic insulating part. It is a hollow metal wire structure with an insulating coating with a high thermal conductivity on the inner surface. Cold physiological saline flows inside during operation. The suction tube is disposed inside the circuit electrode; An isolation tube is disposed in the annular space between the suction tube and the loop electrode, and forms a water injection channel with the inner wall of the loop electrode; A water injection tube is used to supply physiological saline to the inside of the working electrode and / or the water injection channel; A handle is connected to the proximal end of the circuit electrode. A drive motor is provided inside the handle. The drive motor is connected to the proximal end of the suction tube through gears to drive it to rotate. The working electrode, on the portion parallel to the end face of the ceramic insulating part, is provided with a plurality of bump structures to achieve a tip effect and generate a high electric field at the working electrode.

[0007] Optionally, the inlet of one end of the working electrode is connected to the water injection pipe, and the outlet of the other end is connected to the water injection hole at the far end of the loop electrode through a flexible tube, so that the physiological saline flowing through the inside of the working electrode flows into the water injection channel.

[0008] Optionally, the insulating coating material with high thermal conductivity is aluminum nitride (AIN) or boron nitride (BN).

[0009] Optionally, the protrusions on the working electrode are uniformly distributed along its axial direction.

[0010] Optionally, the ceramic insulation portion is a three-layer bearing structure, comprising: The outer ring is connected to the circuit electrode; The middle ring extends distally to form a 60-degree curved ceramic portion, on which the electrode hole is disposed; The inner ring extends proximally to form a tubular connecting portion, which connects to the suction tube.

[0011] Optionally, the proximal end of the isolation tube is connected to the middle ring of the ceramic insulating part, and the isolation tube is made of insulating material.

[0012] Optionally, the ceramic curved portion is provided with a suction hole that communicates with the suction tube.

[0013] Optionally, the distal end of the circuit electrode is provided with a plurality of water injection holes evenly distributed around its circumference, which are circular or elliptical in shape.

[0014] Optionally, it also includes an insulating sleeve covering the outside of the circuit electrode, the insulating sleeve protruding from the water injection hole and fixedly connected to the handle at its proximal end.

[0015] Optionally, the suction tube is provided with a blade structure inside, which consists of multiple blades extending along the axial direction of the suction tube. The height of the blades accounts for 20% to 40% of the inner diameter of the suction tube, and the thickness is 0.5 to 1.5 mm.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. The working electrode of this invention is a hollow metal wire structure with a high thermal conductivity insulating coating (such as AlN or BN) on the inner wall, and a 5-15℃ cold physiological saline is circulated inside. In this way, the high thermal conductivity coating combined with the active cooling of the internal saline can quickly dissipate the local high temperature of the electrode, so that the working temperature is stabilized at 40-70℃. Compared with traditional electrosurgical instruments (350-700℃), this greatly reduces thermal damage to normal tissues, improves surgical safety and the quality of postoperative recovery for patients.

[0017] 2. The parallel section of the working electrode of this invention is provided with a convex structure (tip effect enhancement area) to compensate for the electric field strength in the middle of the electrode. In this way, the convex structure enhances the local electric field strength, solves the problem of uneven plasma distribution, makes the ablation area more regular and controllable, improves cutting efficiency, and reduces the risk of tissue adhesion.

[0018] 3. The suction tube of this invention integrates a rotating function and has an internal blade structure (the height of which accounts for 20%-40% of the tube diameter and the thickness is 0.5-1.5mm). The blade is installed radially and the angle is optimized (such as a serrated cutting edge design). In this way, vortex-induced negative pressure is generated during rotation, and the blade simultaneously crushes tissue fragments, which significantly reduces the probability of suction tube blockage and avoids interruption of operation during surgery.

[0019] 4. In this invention, the isolation tube is placed between the suction tube and the circuit electrode to form an independent water injection channel, preventing salt water from leaking into the internal cable and eliminating the risk of short circuit; the ceramic bearing (three-layer needle roller structure) replaces the metal connector, and the insulating sleeve covers the circuit electrode to eliminate the risk of leakage.

[0020] 5. The present invention features a rotating tube that drives the blade to rotate 360°, and a color-coded button on the handle to control the motor. This allows for blade rotation and suction tube start / stop with a single hand, solving the problem of operation in confined spaces and reducing the operator's workload.

[0021] 6. The cold saline solution flowing out of the working electrode of this invention flows into the water injection channel of the loop electrode (through water injection hole 301) and is circulated for plasma excitation, thereby improving the utilization rate of physiological saline solution.

[0022] 7. The present invention features a coaxial integrated design (rotating tube / suction tube / water injection tube nested inside the circuit electrode), with ceramic bearings supporting the rotating components. This simplifies the assembly process, ensures structural rigidity during rotation, and prevents deformation or damage. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort, wherein: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the plasma surgical tip that is less prone to thermal damage provided by the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the working electrode and the ceramic insulating part provided by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the working electrode provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the ceramic insulating part and the suction tube provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the ceramic insulation part and the isolation tube provided by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the blade structure provided by the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the handle provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0026] Please see Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a plasma surgical tip that is not prone to thermal damage, including a ceramic insulating part 1, a working electrode 2, a circuit electrode 3, an insulating sleeve 4, an isolation tube 5, a water injection tube 6, a suction tube 7, and a handle 8.

[0027] The circuit electrode 3 is a hollow tubular structure with a water injection hole 301 at its distal end.

[0028] Specifically, the circuit electrode 3 has a plurality of water injection holes 301 evenly distributed around its distal end, which are circular or elliptical in shape.

[0029] The ceramic insulating part 1 is located at the far end of the circuit electrode 3 and has an electrode hole 101.

[0030] Specifically, and then combined Figure 2 As shown, the ceramic insulating part 1 is a three-layer bearing structure, including: The outer ring 103 is connected to the circuit electrode 3; The central ring 107 extends distally to form a 60-degree curved ceramic portion 105, on which the electrode hole 101 is disposed; The inner ring 104 extends proximally to form a tubular connecting portion 106, which is connected to the suction tube 7.

[0031] The ceramic curved portion 105 has a suction hole 102 that communicates with the suction tube 7. The suction hole 102 can clean up tissue fragments during the ablation process, keeping the infusion clear. The ceramic curved portion 105 allows the blade to bend at a 60-degree angle, which is beneficial for ablation of tissues in confined spaces.

[0032] It should be further noted that the ceramic tubular connection 106 avoids problems such as leakage and short circuits compared to traditional metal connections, making it safer. The three-layer bearing structure of the ceramic insulation part 1 ensures that the isolation tube 5 and the suction tube 7 do not affect other components when rotating, making the overall structure more flexible and stable.

[0033] The working electrode 2 is installed in the electrode hole 101 of the ceramic insulating part 1. It is a hollow metal wire structure with an insulating coating with a high thermal conductivity on the inner surface. Cold physiological saline flows inside during operation.

[0034] The saline solution flowing out of the working electrode 2 can flow directly out through the water injection hole 301 of the loop electrode 3, or a separate water injection hole can be provided on the opposite side of the water injection hole of the loop electrode, so that the saline solution can be delivered to the working electrode 2 more evenly, thereby improving the utilization rate of saline solution and the generation efficiency of plasma.

[0035] Specifically, the insulating coating material with high thermal conductivity is aluminum nitride (AlN) or boron nitride (BN). In this way, when cold saline flows inside the working electrode 2, the high thermal conductivity of the insulating coating can quickly remove the local high temperature generated during the operation of the working electrode 2, making the overall electrode operating temperature lower and causing less thermal damage. At the same time, the insulation of the coating improves the safety of the equipment and helps protect the working electrode 2.

[0036] Furthermore, combined Figure 3 As shown, the working electrode 2 is cylindrical in shape and is equidistantly mounted on the end face of the ceramic insulating part 1. The working electrode 2 consists of an arc-shaped curved portion and a cylindrical portion parallel to the end face. The portion of the working electrode 2 parallel to the end face of the ceramic insulating part 1 is provided with several protrusions 21 to achieve a tip effect and generate a high electric field at the working electrode 2. These protrusions 21 are uniformly distributed along the axial direction of the working electrode 2. The presence of the protrusions 21 enables a tip effect, generating a high electric field at the working electrode 2 to more effectively excite plasma. This compensates for the smaller electric field and lower cutting efficiency in the middle portion of the working electrode 2, improving the uniformity of plasma generation. Simultaneously, during ablation, the ablation area is more regular and controllable, contributing to improved surgical efficiency.

[0037] Combined Figure 4 As shown, the suction tube 7 is disposed inside the circuit electrode 3. Its front end is sleeved with the tubular connecting part 106 extending from the inner ring 104, and its rear end is sleeved with the inner ring of another double-ring bearing. The suction tube 7 in the middle part of the two bearings can be made of an insulating material with a certain hardness to ensure that it will not be damaged during rotation. A second external gear 71 is provided in the area of ​​the rear end of the suction tube 7 located inside the handle 8, which can be driven to rotate by a drive motor.

[0038] Combined Figure 6As shown, the suction tube 7 is equipped with a blade structure inside. The blade structure consists of multiple blades 72 extending along the axial direction of the suction tube 7. The height of the blades accounts for 20% to 40% of the inner diameter of the suction tube, and the thickness is 0.5 to 1.5 mm. If the thickness is too thick, it will increase the flow resistance; if it is too thin, it will be easily damaged. The angle of the blades 72 can be adjusted according to specific conditions. At the same time, the edges of the blades 72 can be processed, such as the leading edge (inlet) being sharp and the trailing edge (outlet) being smooth. The edges can be processed into a serrated shape to further improve the crushing efficiency.

[0039] Furthermore, the blade structure can also be installed in the form of several sets of blades 72 installed radially, wherein the rotation angle between each set of blades 72 differs by 120°, to ensure repeated cutting of tissue debris, etc.

[0040] Combined Figure 4 As shown, the isolation tube 5 is disposed in the annular space between the suction tube 7 and the loop electrode 3, and forms a water injection channel 9 with the inner wall of the loop electrode 3.

[0041] The proximal end of the isolation tube 5 is connected to the middle ring 107 of the ceramic insulating part 1. The isolation tube 5 is made of insulating material. The rear end of the isolation tube 5 is provided with a first external gear 51 in the area inside the handle 8, which can be driven to rotate by a drive motor.

[0042] The isolation tube 5 serves several purposes: it protects the internal cables and enhances safety; it forms a water injection channel with the circuit electrode 3; and it connects with the cutter head to create a rotating structure. The isolation tube 5 itself can be made of a rigid insulating material to prevent deformation or damage during rotation, which could affect its rotational function.

[0043] The water injection pipe 6 is used to supply physiological saline to the interior of the working electrode 2 and / or the water injection channel 9. The inlet of one end of the working electrode 2 is connected to the water injection pipe 6, and the outlet of the other end is connected to the water injection hole 301 provided at the distal end of the loop electrode 3 through a flexible tube, so that the physiological saline flowing through the interior of the working electrode 2 flows into the water injection channel 9.

[0044] The handle 8 is connected to the proximal end of the circuit electrode 3. Two drive motors are provided inside the handle 8. One drive motor is connected to the proximal end of the suction tube 7 through a gear to drive its rotation. The other drive motor is connected to the isolation tube 5 through the external gear to drive its rotation.

[0045] It should be further noted that the handle 8 is equipped with two buttons 80, each with a different color and label, corresponding to the activation of the two drive motors. The different colors and labels help prevent user errors and improve surgical efficiency.

[0046] Combined Figure 7As shown, the handle 8 is equipped with a double-ring bearing inside, with the inner ring 81 sleeved with the rear end of the suction tube 7, and the outer ring 82 having an internal thread that meshes with the first external gear 51 of the isolation tube 5. In this way, the suction tube 7 and the isolation tube 5 can rotate independently.

[0047] The double-ring bearing inside the handle 8 and the three-layer bearing structure of the ceramic insulation part 1 both adopt needle roller bearing structure and use ceramic material to prevent internal short circuit leakage and other problems, and further improve the safety performance of the equipment.

[0048] The insulating sleeve 4 covers the outside of the circuit electrode 3, and the insulating sleeve 4 protrudes from the water injection hole 301 and is fixedly connected to the handle 8 at its proximal end. The exposed area of ​​the circuit electrode 3 is much larger than the area of ​​the working electrode 2, thereby increasing the current density at the working electrode and enhancing the plasma generation efficiency. The insulating sleeve 4 improves the overall insulation and avoids safety problems that may be caused by accidental contact.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or system. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or system that includes that element.

[0050] Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and systems in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0051] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other modifications under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these modifications are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plasma surgical tip that is less prone to thermal damage, characterized in that, include: The loop electrode (3) is a hollow tubular structure; A ceramic insulating part (1) is located at the far end of the circuit electrode (3) and has an electrode hole (101). The working electrode (2) is installed in the electrode hole (101) of the ceramic insulating part (1). It is a hollow metal wire structure with an insulating coating with a high thermal conductivity on the inner surface. Cold physiological saline flows inside during operation. A suction tube (7) is disposed inside the circuit electrode (3); An isolation tube (5) is disposed in the annular space between the suction tube (7) and the loop electrode (3), and forms a water injection channel (9) with the inner wall of the loop electrode (3). Water injection pipe (6) is used to supply physiological saline to the interior of the working electrode (2) and / or the water injection channel (9); The handle (8) is connected to the proximal end of the circuit electrode (3). A drive motor is provided inside the handle (8). The drive motor is connected to the proximal end of the suction tube (7) through gears to drive it to rotate. The working electrode (2) is provided with a number of bump structures that realize the tip effect to generate a high electric field at the working electrode (2) on the portion parallel to the end face of the ceramic insulating part (1).

2. The plasma surgical tip that is not prone to thermal damage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet of one end of the working electrode (2) is connected to the water injection pipe (6), and the outlet of the other end is connected to the water injection hole (301) set at the far end of the loop electrode (3) through a hose, so that the physiological saline flowing through the inside of the working electrode (2) flows into the water injection channel (9).

3. The plasma surgical tip that is not prone to thermal damage according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The insulating coating material with high thermal conductivity is aluminum nitride (AIN) or boron nitride (BN).

4. The plasma surgical tip that is not prone to thermal damage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protrusions on the working electrode (2) are evenly distributed along its axial direction.

5. The plasma surgical tip that is not prone to thermal damage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ceramic insulation part (1) is a three-layer bearing structure, including: The outer ring (103) is connected to the circuit electrode (3); The middle ring (107) extends distally to form a 60-degree curved ceramic portion (105), on which the electrode hole (101) is disposed; The inner ring (104) extends proximally to form a tubular connecting portion (106), which is connected to the suction tube (7).

6. The plasma surgical tip that is not prone to thermal damage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The proximal end of the isolation tube (5) is connected to the middle ring of the ceramic insulating part (1), and the isolation tube (5) is made of insulating material.

7. The plasma surgical tip that is not prone to thermal damage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ceramic curved portion (105) has an suction hole (102) which is connected to the suction tube (7).

8. The plasma surgical tip that is not prone to thermal damage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The circuit electrode (3) has multiple water injection holes (301) evenly distributed around its distal circumference, which are circular or elliptical in shape.

9. The plasma surgical tip that is not prone to thermal damage according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an insulating sleeve (4) covering the outside of the circuit electrode (3), the insulating sleeve (4) protruding from the water injection hole (301) and fixedly connected to the handle (8) at the proximal end.

10. The plasma surgical tip that is not prone to thermal damage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suction tube (7) is provided with a blade structure inside. The blade structure consists of multiple blades extending along the axial direction of the suction tube (7). The height of the blades accounts for 20% to 40% of the inner diameter of the suction tube, and the thickness is 0.5 to 1.5 mm.

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