Composition for repairing enamel and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a composition for repairing tooth enamel and a preparation method of the composition. The composition comprises 10-15% by mass of bioactive glass; the bioactive glass comprises the following components by mole percent: 8%-15% of P2O5; 50%-60% of SiO2; and 30-40% of CaO. The composition disclosed by the invention can be used for repairing mineral loss caused by demineralization and restoring the structural integrity of enamel hydroxyapatite. According to the bioactive glass, the mineral deposition efficiency and enamel structure reconstruction are improved through a biomimetic mineralization mechanism, dual repair of functions and forms of enamel is achieved, the bioactive glass has remarkable advantages in enamel repair and chalk spot reversal, and an experimental basis is provided for developing efficient enamel repair agents (such as toothpaste and gel).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dental enamel restoration materials, specifically to a composition for repairing dental enamel and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Tooth enamel is the hardest tissue in the human body, but once damaged, it cannot regenerate, potentially leading to tooth sensitivity, cavities, and chalky spots. White spots (WSL) are a typical manifestation of early demineralization of enamel, appearing as white, opaque patches, commonly seen in orthodontic treatment, early caries, or enamel developmental abnormalities. Essentially, they are caused by changes in optical properties due to the porous structure beneath the enamel surface. If not addressed promptly, they can develop into cavities, affecting both function and aesthetics. In recent years, with the interdisciplinary development of materials science and oral medicine, novel restorative technologies such as bioactive glass (BG) have provided new approaches to "reversing" white spots. Leveraging their remineralization, antibacterial, and pH-regulating properties, they have become cutting-edge materials for enamel restoration. The formation of white spots stems from an imbalance between demineralization and remineralization of hydroxyapatite (HAP) in the enamel. An acidic environment (e.g., pH ≤ 3.75) leads to the loss of calcium and phosphorus ions, forming a porous structure beneath the surface, which, after changing the refractive index, results in a chalky white appearance. During orthodontic treatment, plaque buildup around brackets accelerates demineralization, with a white spot incidence rate of up to 97%. According to the Gorelick classification, white spots range from mild demineralization (Grade 1) to deep lesions with cavity formation (Grade 4). Initially demineralized areas can be restored through remineralization, but if exposed to an acidic environment, surface bands and dark areas form, eventually leading to enamel collapse.

[0003] Fluoride toothpaste, gels, and coatings are classic solutions. Fluoride ions combine with HAP (hydrofluoride apatite) to form fluorapatite, which has stronger acid resistance, inhibiting demineralization and promoting remineralization. However, excessive fluoride intake may affect intelligence, leading to symptoms such as decreased cognitive function and memory loss, and increases the risk of diseases. For example, consuming excessive fluoride water can damage teeth, leading to fluorosis, manifested as joint pain, swelling, and stiffness. Furthermore, it can affect bone development, leading to osteoporosis and rickets. Therefore, national standards require that the fluoride content in toothpaste be controlled between 0.05% and 0.15%, with children's toothpaste containing 0.05% to 0.11%. However, fluoride has limited effects on deep mineralization, and its effectiveness is limited at lower dosages, making it difficult to address the problem of white spots on tooth enamel. Therefore, to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a composition for repairing tooth enamel and its preparation method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the difficulty in repairing enamel blemishes in existing technologies, this invention proposes a composition for repairing enamel and a method for preparing the same. This objective can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A composition for repairing tooth enamel, the composition comprising 10-15% by mass of bioactive glass; The bioactive glass comprises the following components in molar percentage: P2O 58%~15%; SiO2 50%~60%; CaO 30-40%.

[0005] Optionally, the composition for repairing tooth enamel may further contain fluoride.

[0006] Optionally, the fluoride is sodium monofluorophosphate, and the mass fraction of sodium monofluorophosphate in the composition for repairing tooth enamel is 0.5-0.85%.

[0007] Optionally, the bioactive glass comprises the following components in molar percentage: P2O5 10.8%; SiO2 54.2%; CaO 35%.

[0008] Optionally, the composition for repairing tooth enamel is toothpaste, gel, or coating.

[0009] Optionally, the composition for repairing tooth enamel is toothpaste, which further comprises the following components in the indicated mass fractions: glycerin 40%~60%; polyethylene glycol 400 18~22%; hydrated silica 15~20%.

[0010] Optionally, the bioactive glass is prepared using the following method: Step 1) Prepare a precursor sol solution and let it stand to obtain a gel; the precursor sol solution contains a phosphorus-containing precursor, a silicon-containing precursor, a calcium-containing precursor and a solvent; Step 2) The gel obtained in Step 1) is aged and dried to obtain a bioactive glass precursor; Step 3) Calcine and pulverize the bioactive glass precursor from Step 2) to obtain the bioactive glass.

[0011] Optionally, the phosphorus-containing precursor is phytic acid, the calcium-containing precursor is calcium nitrate, and the silicon-containing precursor is tetraethyl silicate; the solvent is an aqueous ethanol solution, wherein the ratio of ethanol to water in the aqueous ethanol solution is 1:1 to 1000.

[0012] Optionally, the particle size of the bioactive glass is 2 to 50 micrometers.

[0013] The present invention also proposes the use of the above-described composition for repairing tooth enamel in the preparation of products for treating enamel leukoplakia.

[0014] The technical solution of this invention has the following advantages: This invention proposes a composition for repairing tooth enamel, comprising 10-15% by mass of bioactive glass. Compared to existing technologies, the composition of this invention can repair mineral loss caused by demineralization and restore the structural integrity of the hydroxyapatite in the enamel. The bioactive glass of this invention enhances mineral deposition efficiency and enamel structure reconstruction through a biomimetic mineralization mechanism, achieving "dual repair" of both tooth enamel function and morphology. It demonstrates significant advantages in enamel repair and chalky spot reversal, providing experimental evidence for the development of highly effective enamel repair agents (such as toothpaste and gel). Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 The results are SEM findings for Comparative Example 1, where the left side represents a magnification of 1k and the right side represents a magnification of 30k. Figure 2 The results are SEM findings for Comparative Example 2, where the left side represents a magnification of 1k and the right side represents a magnification of 30k. Figure 3 The results are SEM findings for Comparative Example 3, where the left side represents a magnification of 1k and the right side represents a magnification of 30k. Figure 4 The image shows the SEM detection results for Example 1, where the left side represents a magnification of 1k and the right side represents a magnification of 30k. Figure 5 The image shows the SEM detection results for Example 2, where the left side represents a magnification of 1k and the right side represents a magnification of 30k. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the present invention.

[0018] Furthermore, regarding the numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, are also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0019] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar to or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention.

[0020] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0021] To address the problem of preventing and repairing enamel leukoplakia, this invention proposes a composition for repairing enamel, wherein the composition comprises 10-15% by mass of bioactive glass. The bioactive glass comprises the following components in molar percentage: P2O5 8~15%; SiO2 50-60%; CaO 30-40%.

[0022] Bioactive glass is a type of material capable of repairing, replacing, and regenerating body tissues, and forming bonds between tissues and materials. Bioactive glass is generally a silicate glass composed of components such as SiO2, Na2O, CaO, and P2O5. The degradation products of bioactive glass can promote the generation of growth factors, promote cell proliferation, enhance osteoblast gene expression, and promote bone tissue growth. It is the only artificial biomaterial to date that can bond with both bone tissue and soft tissue. In this invention, an appropriate amount of bioactive glass is added to toothpaste and other compositions. Through a biomimetic mineralization mechanism, mineral deposition efficiency and enamel structure reconstruction are improved, achieving "dual repair" of both enamel function and morphology, resulting in a good repair effect on enamel leukoplakia.

[0023] Optionally, the composition for repairing tooth enamel may further contain fluoride.

[0024] Optionally, the fluoride is sodium monofluorophosphate, and the mass fraction of sodium monofluorophosphate in the composition for repairing tooth enamel is 0.5-0.85%.

[0025] Sodium monofluorophosphate is a common fluoride additive in toothpaste. Based on its ability to release fluoride ions in the oral environment, sodium monofluorophosphate can promote tooth remineralization, enhance tooth resistance to acid erosion, repair early caries, and also has a certain antibacterial effect. However, the repair effect of fluoride on enamel leukoplakia is relatively limited, and it is difficult to inhibit the formation of leukoplakia at safe dosages. In this invention, a good repair effect on enamel leukoplakia is achieved by combining bioactive glass with sodium monofluorophosphate.

[0026] Optionally, the bioactive glass comprises the following components in molar percentage: P2O5 10.8%; SiO2 54.2%; CaO 35%.

[0027] Optionally, the composition for repairing tooth enamel is toothpaste, gel, or coating.

[0028] Optionally, the composition for repairing tooth enamel is toothpaste, which further comprises the following components in the indicated mass fractions: glycerin 40%~60%; polyethylene glycol 400 18~22%; hydrated silica 15~20%.

[0029] The bioactive glass was prepared using the following method: Step 1) Prepare a precursor sol solution and let it stand to obtain a gel; the precursor sol solution contains a phosphorus-containing precursor, a silicon-containing precursor, a calcium-containing precursor and a solvent; the phosphorus-containing precursor is phytic acid, the calcium-containing precursor is calcium nitrate, and the silicon-containing precursor is tetraethyl silicate; the solvent is an aqueous ethanol solution, and the ratio of ethanol to water in the aqueous ethanol solution is 1:1~1000.

[0030] Step 2) The gel obtained in Step 1) is aged and dried to obtain a bioactive glass precursor.

[0031] Step 3) Calcine and pulverize the bioactive glass precursor from Step 2) to obtain the bioactive glass.

[0032] Optionally, the particle size of the bioactive glass is 2-50 micrometers. More preferably, the particle size of the bioactive glass is 10-30 micrometers.

[0033] Example 1 The main components of the bioactive glass prepared in this embodiment are: 10.8 mol% P2O5, 54.2 mol% SiO2, and 35 mol% CaO. In the preparation method, non-toxic phytic acid is selected as the phosphorus-containing precursor, a mixture of ethanol and water is used as the solvent, tetraethyl orthosilicate is used as the silicon-containing precursor, and calcium nitrate tetrahydrate is used as the calcium-containing precursor. The calculated ratio of the above substances is: 3 ml phytic acid (50 wt%), 10.95 ml tetraethyl orthosilicate, 7.47 g calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, a molar ratio of water to tetraethyl orthosilicate of 4:1, and a molar ratio of water to ethanol of 1:2.

[0034] Step 1) Gel Preparation: Phytic acid, tetraethyl orthosilicate, calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, and solvent are mixed in the above proportions to prepare a precursor sol solution. The solution is left to gel until it forms, maintaining a temperature of 30°C. The gelation time is approximately 25 days. The formed gel is then treated as follows: Step 2) Aging: Aging at 55°C for 5 days to remove ethanol and a small amount of water; Sintering (drying): Place the aged sample in a 100°C oven and heat to dry for 1 week to remove the remaining solvent.

[0035] Step 3) Calcination: Place the sintered and dried sample into a 600°C oven for calcination, and then crush it into particles with a diameter of 10~30 micrometers.

[0036] Weigh the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of bioactive glass, 0.836 parts of sodium monofluorophosphate (i.e., the fluoride content in the composition is 1100 ppm), 20 parts of PEG 400, and 18 parts of hydrated silica. Weigh glycerin to make up the total weight to 100 parts. Mix evenly to obtain the toothpaste composition.

[0037] Example 2 Compared with Example 1, the following raw materials were weighed in this example: 15 parts of bioactive glass, 0.836 parts of sodium monofluorophosphate, 43.17 parts of glycerin, 20 parts of PEG 400, and 18 parts of hydrated silica. Glycerin was weighed to make up the total weight of the raw materials to 100 parts. After mixing evenly, the toothpaste composition was obtained. The remaining steps were the same as in Example 1.

[0038] Comparative Example 1 Compared with Example 1, the following parts by weight of raw materials were weighed in this comparative example: 20 parts of PEG 400, 18 parts of hydrated silica, and glycerin was weighed to make up the total parts by weight of the raw materials to 100 parts. After mixing evenly, a toothpaste composition was obtained. The remaining steps were the same as in Example 1.

[0039] Comparative Example 2 Compared with Example 1, the following raw materials were weighed in this comparative example: 0.836 parts sodium monofluorophosphate, 20 parts PEG400, and 18 parts hydrated silica. Glycerin was weighed to make up the total weight of the raw materials to 100 parts. After mixing evenly, a toothpaste composition was obtained. The remaining steps were the same as in Example 1.

[0040] Comparative Example 3 Compared with Example 1, the following raw materials were weighed in this comparative example: 5 parts of bioactive glass, 0.836 parts of sodium monofluorophosphate, 20 parts of PEG 400, and 18 parts of hydrated silica. Glycerin was weighed to make up the total weight of the raw materials to 100 parts. After mixing evenly, a toothpaste composition was obtained. The remaining steps were the same as in Example 1.

[0041] Experimental example: 1. Preparation of experimental samples Weigh the toothpaste and deionized water in a 1:3 ratio by mass, mix thoroughly, and avoid foaming. Each sample requires at least 5 mL of toothpaste paste.

[0042] 2. Preparation of tooth enamel specimens Select intact, unworn incisors from the four lower middle incisors of cattle slaughtered between the ages of 3 and 7. After extraction, remove plaque and attached soft tissue using a hand instrument, place in a 0.5% chloramine-T solution for up to one week, then store in distilled water at 4°C for no more than one month.

[0043] The enamel specimen was a 5 mm × 5 mm cube.

[0044] 3. Preparation of saliva Human saliva or artificial saliva can be used. If artificial saliva is used, its preparation and requirements are as follows.

[0045] 1) Preparation of 1L artificial saliva: Accurately weigh 0.246 g (accurate to ±0.0005 g) calcium nitrate (or 0.354 g calcium nitrate tetrahydrate), 0.1225 g (accurate to ±0.0005 g) potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 9.685 g (accurate to ±0.0005 g) potassium chloride, and 4.184 g (accurate to ±0.0005 g) bis(2-hydroxyethyl)aminotris(hydroxymethyl)methane into a 1L beaker, and add 800 mL of deionized water. Stir thoroughly to dissolve. Adjust the pH to 7.0 ± 0.05 with 1 mol / L HCl. Transfer this solution to a 1L volumetric flask and dilute to the mark with deionized water. 2) The final concentrations of each component in artificial saliva are: 1.5 mmol / L calcium nitrate, 0.9 mmol / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 130 mmol / L potassium chloride, and 20 mmol / L bis(2-hydroxyethyl)aminotris(hydroxymethyl)methane.

[0046] 4. Preparation of Acidifying Reagent 1% Citric Acid: Weigh 1g of citric acid into a 100ml volumetric flask, add deionized water to bring the volume to 100ml, and shake well. Measure and adjust the pH to 3.75.

[0047] 5. Enamel acidification treatment The treated enamel blocks were immersed in 50 ml of acidifying reagent (1% citric acid, pH=3.75) for 30 min at a temperature controlled at 37℃±2℃. The specimens were then thoroughly rinsed with deionized water to remove all acidifying reagent. After drying, the surface microhardness of the acidified enamel blocks was measured using a Vickers hardness tester. Before measurement, the sample surface must be dry. The hardness tester conditions were: a load of 0.3 kg for 15 s, and the measurement procedure was performed according to QB / T 4780. The measured enamel hardness at this point is the acidified hardness HV1. The acidified enamel specimens were randomly divided into 5 groups of 3 pieces each.

[0048] 6. Test Procedure 1) Rinse the acid-etched enamel specimens with deionized water for 10 seconds, blot dry with filter paper, and treat them in the prepared experimental sample solution for 2 minutes by brushing. 5 mL of experimental sample is used for each enamel block.

[0049] 2) Then rinse the enamel specimen with deionized water, blot dry with filter paper, and immerse it in artificial saliva (20 ml / sample) at a temperature of 37℃±2℃ and a rotation speed of 50 rpm.

[0050] After the above two steps, one cycle of extracorporeal circulation is completed, and this process is repeated twice daily. The above experimental procedure is repeated for 5 days.

[0051] Calculation results and statistical analysis: 1. Surface microhardness method: Before measurement, ensure the specimen surface is dry. The hardness tester should be used under the following conditions: a load of 0.3 kg for 15 seconds, and the measurement should be performed according to QB / T 4780. Record the microhardness value of the specimen surface, denoted as HV². The change in surface microhardness (ΔHV) can be calculated using the following formula:

[0052] In the formula: ΔHV represents the change in surface microhardness after sample treatment, expressed in kilograms per square millimeter (kg / mm²). 2 ); HV1 is the surface hardness value before treatment, expressed in kilograms per square millimeter (kg / mm²). 2 ); HV2 is the surface hardness value after treatment, expressed in kilograms per square millimeter (kg / mm²). 2 ).

[0053] Enamel hardness change rate:

[0054] In the formula, i represents the sample number and n represents the total number of samples (n is 3 in this experiment).

[0055] Enamel hardness increase factor: Y = ΔHV sample group mean / ΔHV control group mean.

[0056] 2. Evaluation of surface microhardness test results: If the difference ΔHV between the sample group and the control group both conform to a normal distribution, an independent samples t-test is used to analyze the significant difference. This is a two-tailed test with a significance level of α=0.05. If the difference ΔHV between the sample group and the control group does not conform to a normal distribution, a two-tailed independent samples rank-sum test is used to analyze the significant difference. This is also a two-tailed test with a significance level of α=0.05.

[0057] If the difference in hardness ΔHV between the sample group before and after treatment is greater than that of the control group, and P < 0.05, the sample can be considered to have the effect of repairing tooth enamel.

[0058] 3. Characterize the surface morphology of tooth enamel using SEM.

[0059] 4. Analyze the calcium-to-phosphorus ratio on the surface of tooth enamel using EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy). The spotting method is employed: the electron beam is fixed at specific points on the sample for analysis. This method is highly accurate and suitable for the compositional analysis of microstructures, especially for the quantitative analysis of low-abundance elements. Analyzing the calcium-to-phosphorus ratio using EDS allows for the assessment of crystal structure and purity, thereby optimizing its performance.

[0060] Test results: Table 1. Analysis of Microhardness Results of Tooth Enamel Surface

[0061] Table 2 Analysis of Calcium-to-Phosphorus Ratio Results of Tooth Enamel

[0062] Microhardness analysis According to the data in Table 1, after 5 days of treatment, the enamel hardness of the control group in Comparative Example 1 increased by 36.30±16.36%; the enamel hardness of the sample in Comparative Example 2 increased by 51.18±17.71%; the enamel hardness of the sample in Comparative Example 3 increased by 60.81±17.73%; the enamel hardness of the sample in Example 1 increased by 61.09±9.44%; and the enamel hardness of the sample in Example 2 increased by 68.09±13.16%. Compared with the control group in Comparative Example 1, the samples in Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, Example 1, and Example 2 showed a greater increase in hardness, with the efficacy gradually increasing. After 5 days of treatment, the enamel protection factor of the sample in Comparative Example 2 increased by 1.38; the enamel protection factor of the sample in Comparative Example 3 increased by 1.68; the enamel protection factor of the sample in Example 1 increased by 1.78; and the enamel protection factor of the sample in Example 2 increased by 2.11. Compared with the control group of Comparative Example 1, the samples of Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, Example 1, and Example 2 all showed better enamel protection than the control group of Comparative Example 1, and the efficacy gradually increased.

[0063] Using SPSS analysis software and independent samples t-test analysis, the results showed that there were significant differences in HV before and after treatment between all experimental groups and control group 1 (P<0.05), significant differences in ΔHV between experimental groups and control group 1 (P<0.05), and significant differences in ΔHV between any two groups (P<0.05).

[0064] Calcium-to-phosphorus ratio analysis: The calcium-to-phosphorus ratio (Ca / P) reflects the integrity of the mineral structure of tooth enamel. The sample in Example 2 had the highest calcium-to-phosphorus ratio (2.0544±0.0086). The calcium-to-phosphorus ratio of each group was ranked as follows: Example 2 > Example 1 > Comparative Example 3 > Comparative Example 2 > Comparative Example 1, which was significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 1. Using SPSS analysis software, one-way ANOVA was performed on the calcium-to-phosphorus ratios of the five groups (Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Comparative Example 3, Example 1, and Example 2). The results showed that the overall differences between the groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Pairwise comparisons using the LSD method showed that the differences between the control groups of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 (P=0.025), Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 (P=0.003), Comparative Example 1 and Example 1 (P<0.001), and Comparative Example 1 and Example 2 (P<0.001) were all statistically significant (P<0.05).

[0065] Surface morphological changes: like Figures 1-5As shown, at a magnification of 1k, the surface of the control group in Comparative Example 1 is clearly mottled, rough, and honeycomb-like; the mottled state of Comparative Example 2 is less pronounced than that of Comparative Example 1. The surfaces of Comparative Example 3, Example 1, and Example 2 are uniformly distributed, smooth, and the effect gradually increases. At a magnification of 30k, the control group in Comparative Example 1 shows obvious surface cracks, large gaps between enamel prisms, and partial disintegration of the enamel prism structure; the surface cracks and gaps between enamel prisms in Comparative Example 2 are smaller than those in Comparative Example 1. The enamel prisms in Comparative Example 3, Example 1, and Example 2 are more compact, with enhanced continuity and a more orderly arrangement, similar to the structure of natural tooth enamel. The enamel surface is smoother and denser, and the effect gradually increases.

[0066] This invention systematically evaluated the repair effects of different samples on enamel leukoplakia through microhardness, calcium-to-phosphorus ratio, and surface morphology analysis. The results showed that bioactive glass significantly increased the microhardness of enamel in a dose-dependent manner. This indicates that the samples effectively enhanced the acid resistance and mechanical properties of enamel by promoting mineral deposition. Calcium-to-phosphorus ratio restoration and mineral structure reconstruction: The calcium-to-phosphorus ratio of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group 1, indicating that the samples could repair mineral loss caused by demineralization and restore the integrity of the hydroxyapatite structure in the enamel. Improved appearance: SEM showed that the control group 1 had a rough surface and enlarged enamel prism gaps, while the experimental group (especially Example 2) had tightly packed enamel prisms and a smooth surface, closely resembling the structure of natural enamel.

[0067] Comparisons through examples and comparative examples show that adding 0.836 parts of sodium monofluorophosphate has limited effect on repairing leukoplakia. Excessive fluoride can lead to symptoms such as decreased intelligence and memory loss, and increases the risk of disease. Furthermore, excessive fluoride may damage teeth, causing fluorosis, manifested as joint pain, swelling, and stiffness. It can also affect bone development, leading to osteoporosis and rickets. Therefore, adding fluoride alone is insufficient to prepare toothpaste that can treat leukoplakia. This invention, however, combines 10-15% by mass of bioactive glass with fluoride, which can significantly repair tooth enamel and reverse chalky spots, resulting in a toothpaste product that effectively treats leukoplakia.

[0068] In summary, bioactive glass enhances mineral deposition efficiency and enamel structure reconstruction through a biomimetic mineralization mechanism, achieving "dual repair" of both enamel function and morphology. It demonstrates significant advantages in enamel repair and chalky spot reversal, providing experimental evidence for the development of highly effective enamel repair agents (such as toothpaste and gel). Future research should focus on multidisciplinary innovation to promote the clinical translation of smart materials and biomimetic technologies, achieving minimally invasive and long-lasting blepharoxine repair.

[0069] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A composition for repairing tooth enamel, characterized in that, The composition for repairing tooth enamel contains 10-15% by mass of bioactive glass; The bioactive glass comprises the following components in molar percentage: P2O5 8%–15%; SiO2 50%–60%; CaO 30-40%.

2. The composition for repairing tooth enamel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composition for repairing tooth enamel also contains fluoride.

3. The composition for repairing tooth enamel according to claim 2, characterized in that, The fluoride used is sodium monofluorophosphate, and the mass fraction of sodium monofluorophosphate in the composition for repairing tooth enamel is 0.5-0.85%.

4. The composition for repairing tooth enamel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bioactive glass comprises the following components in molar percentage: P2O5 10.8%; SiO2 54.2%; CaO 35%.

5. The composition for repairing tooth enamel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composition for repairing tooth enamel is toothpaste, gel, or coating.

6. The composition for repairing tooth enamel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composition for repairing tooth enamel is toothpaste, which further includes the following components by mass fraction: glycerin 40%~60%; polyethylene glycol 400 18~22%; hydrated silica 15~20%.

7. The composition for repairing tooth enamel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bioactive glass was prepared using the following method: Step 1) Prepare a precursor sol solution, and place the precursor sol solution for treatment to obtain a gel; the precursor sol solution contains a phosphorus-containing precursor, a silicon-containing precursor, a calcium-containing precursor, and a solvent; Step 2) The gel obtained in Step 1) is aged and dried to obtain a bioactive glass precursor; Step 3) Calcine and pulverize the bioactive glass precursor from Step 2) to obtain the bioactive glass.

8. The composition for repairing tooth enamel according to claim 7, characterized in that, The phosphorus-containing precursor is phytic acid, the calcium-containing precursor is calcium nitrate, and the silicon-containing precursor is tetraethyl silicate; the solvent is an aqueous ethanol solution, wherein the ratio of ethanol to water in the aqueous ethanol solution is 1:1 to 1000.

9. The composition for repairing tooth enamel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bioactive glass has a particle size of 2-50 micrometers.

10. The use of the composition for repairing tooth enamel according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in the preparation of a product for treating enamel leukoplakia.

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