Tail gas absorption device for ore dressing reagents

Abstract

The application discloses a tail gas absorption device for ore dressing reagent, and relates to the technical field of tail gas absorption, which comprises a pretreatment unit, wherein the pretreatment unit comprises a pretreatment bin, an air inlet pipe arranged on the left side of the pretreatment bin, an air inlet fan rotationally connected to the inside of the air inlet pipe, two heat exchangers fixedly installed in the inside of the pretreatment bin, and an air inlet control assembly arranged in the inside of the pretreatment bin; the accurate synchronous adjustment of the gas-liquid ratio is realized through cooperation of the gas Venturi tube, the liquid Venturi tube and the needle bolt mechanism; the flow rate is monitored in real time through the differential pressure transmitter and the electromagnetic flowmeter; the needle bolt body is driven to move accurately through cooperation of the servo motor, the transmission rod one, the positioning support block, the transmission rod two, the transmission rod three, the transmission rod four, the ball screw and the sliding support frame, the flow passing area of the gas Venturi tube and the liquid Venturi tube is changed, the accurate adjustment of the gas-liquid flow rate in proportion is realized, and the best balance of energy consumption, reagent consumption and processing efficiency is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tail gas absorption technology, specifically to a tail gas absorption device for mineral processing reagents. Background Technology

[0002] Mineral processing reagents play an irreplaceable role in mineral flotation separation; however, their storage, preparation, and use generate large amounts of tail gases containing various pollutants. These tail gases are complex in composition, mainly including volatile organic sulfur compounds such as xanthates and black reagents, frothers such as pine oil and MIBC, and hydrocarbon oil collectors. These pollutants not only produce a strong, pungent odor, but some components are also toxic, posing a threat to the health of on-site operators and polluting the surrounding atmospheric environment.

[0003] Extensive research revealed that existing technologies for treating tail gas from mineral processing reagents typically employ spray absorption. While traditional spray towers are structurally simple, they suffer from several operational problems. First, tail gas temperature fluctuates significantly, especially in summer or during drying processes. Directly introducing high-temperature tail gas into the absorption tower significantly reduces the solubility of pollutants in the washing liquid, leading to decreased absorption efficiency. Second, the gas-liquid ratio adjustment in traditional devices relies heavily on manual experience, achieved by separately adjusting fan and pump valves. This method suffers from slow response, poor precision, and difficulty in accurately matching gas and liquid flow rates. This often results in either excessive use of washing liquid leading to reagent waste and increased wastewater treatment load, or insufficient washing liquid causing incomplete pollutant removal. Therefore, based on the aforementioned research and existing technologies, this paper proposes a tail gas absorption device for mineral processing reagents to address these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a tail gas absorption device for mineral processing reagents to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A tail gas absorption device for mineral processing reagents includes: a pretreatment unit, including a pretreatment chamber, an air inlet pipe disposed on the left side of the pretreatment chamber, an air inlet fan rotatably connected inside the air inlet pipe, two heat exchangers fixedly installed inside the pretreatment chamber, and an air inlet control component disposed inside the pretreatment chamber.

[0007] An absorption tower unit includes a tower body, an exhaust pipe disposed at the top of the tower body, a multi-layer grid plate disposed inside the tower body, packing material stacked on the top surface of the grid plate, and a drain component disposed at the bottom of the tower body.

[0008] The washing liquid supply unit includes a storage tank, a centrifugal pump connected to the storage tank, and a liquid distribution pipeline connected to the outlet of the centrifugal pump;

[0009] The gas-liquid ratio control unit includes a gas venturi tube, a liquid venturi tube, and a control unit. The inlet of the gas venturi tube is connected to the pretreatment chamber, and its outlet is connected to the lower part of the tower body via a connecting pipe. The inlet of the liquid venturi tube is connected to the centrifugal pump, and its outlet is connected to the liquid distribution pipeline via a liquid delivery pipe. Both the gas venturi tube and the liquid venturi tube are equipped with a set of needle-bolt mechanisms. The components of the two sets of needle-bolt mechanisms are identical and are both synchronously controlled by the control unit, but their size ratios are different. The control unit is electrically connected to a differential pressure transmitter for monitoring gas flow and an electromagnetic flowmeter for monitoring liquid flow.

[0010] Furthermore, the air intake control assembly includes several movable baffles rotatably connected to the top surface inside the pretreatment chamber, a mounting base fixedly installed on the right side of the movable baffles, a slide rail disposed on the bottom surface inside the pretreatment chamber, a support slide bar slidably connected to the slide rail, and an electric push rod for driving the support slide bar to move; the top surface of the support slide bar is provided with several sliding grooves, and the bottom surface of the mounting base is fixedly installed with a sliding shaft slidably connected to the sliding grooves; at least one of the movable baffles is equipped with a temperature sensor.

[0011] Furthermore, the needle bolt mechanism includes a servo motor fixed to the outer wall of the venturi tube by a mounting bracket, a ball screw driven by the servo motor and rotatably connected to the inside of the venturi tube, a sliding block threadedly connected to the ball screw and restricted in rotation by a limiting and stabilizing rod, and a needle bolt body connected to the sliding block by a transmission linkage group; the transmission linkage group includes a transmission rod one and a transmission rod two hinged to each other, and a transmission rod three and a transmission rod four hinged to each other.

[0012] The first and second transmission rods are hinged to the sliding block and the positioning support block, respectively; the right ends of the third and fourth transmission rods are connected to a sliding support frame, and the left side of the needle bolt body is fixed to the sliding support frame.

[0013] Furthermore, the right end of the transmission rod three is rotatably connected to the inside of the sliding support frame, the right end of the transmission rod four is fixedly installed with a sliding support shaft, and the front side of the sliding support frame is provided with a sliding hole for the sliding support shaft to slide.

[0014] Furthermore, the liquid distribution pipeline includes several distribution pipes connected to the liquid delivery pipe, and several atomizing nozzles fixedly installed on the distribution pipes; the atomizing nozzles are located above the grid plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the grating plate is supported on the inner wall of the tower body by a support ring, and a vibration motor, a sliding rod and a spring are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the grating plate; one end of the sliding rod passes through the support ring, the spring is sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod, and its two ends are respectively connected to the bottom surface of the grating plate and the top surface of the support ring.

[0016] Furthermore, the drainage component includes an electric valve fixedly installed on the outer wall of the tower body, and a drainage pipe fixedly sleeved within the electric valve.

[0017] Furthermore, a connecting pipe is fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the tower body, and an observation window is fixedly sleeved inside the connecting pipe.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] By using a gas Venturi tube and a liquid Venturi tube in conjunction with a needle-operated mechanism, precise synchronous adjustment of the gas-liquid ratio is achieved. The two sets of needle-operated tubes are configured according to... The 4:1 ratio design, in actual operation, uses a differential pressure transmitter and an electromagnetic flowmeter to monitor the flow rate in real time. A servo motor, transmission rod one, positioning support block, transmission rod two, transmission rod three, transmission rod four, ball screw, and sliding support frame work together to drive the needle pin body to move precisely, changing the flow area of ​​the gas venturi tube and the liquid venturi throat. This achieves precise proportional adjustment of the gas-liquid flow rate, controlling the liquid-gas ratio to the optimal value. This avoids energy waste caused by excessive use of washing liquid, waste of chemical agents such as NaOH, and increased load on subsequent wastewater treatment, achieving an optimal balance between energy consumption, chemical consumption, and treatment efficiency.

[0020] The intake control component works in conjunction with the heat exchanger, and the temperature sensor monitors the temperature in real time. When the temperature is higher than the threshold, the movable baffle closes to allow for sufficient heat exchange. When the temperature drops below the threshold, the electric push rod drives the slide bar to move. Through the cooperation of the sliding shaft and the sliding groove, the movable baffle rotates 90 degrees to open, ensuring that the temperature of the exhaust gas entering the absorption tower is within the optimal range, thereby improving the exhaust gas absorption effect. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the supporting slide bar and the movable baffle of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of A in the diagram;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the movable baffle and temperature sensor of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the differential pressure transmitter and connecting pipe of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of B;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the liquid distribution tube and the atomizing nozzle of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connection structure between the needle plug body and the gas venturi tube of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a bottom view schematic diagram of the connection structure between the grating plate and the support ring of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Tower body; 2. Pretreatment chamber; 3. Storage tank; 4. Connecting pipe; 5. Observation window; 6. Exhaust pipe; 7. Electric valve; 8. Drain pipe; 9. Heat exchanger; 10. Inlet pipe; 11. Inlet fan; 12. Movable baffle; 13. Slide rail; 14. Supporting slide bar; 15. Electric push rod; 16. Mounting block; 17. Sliding shaft; 18. Sliding groove; 19. Temperature sensor; 20. Gas venturi tube; 21. Differential pressure transmitter; 22. Connecting pipe; 23. Centrifugal pump; 24. Liquid venturi tube; 25. Electromagnetic... Flow meter; 26. Liquid delivery pipe; 27. Liquid distribution pipe; 28. Atomizing nozzle; 29. ​​Support ring; 30. Grille plate; 31. Vibration motor; 32. Sliding rod; 33. Spring; 34. Needle pin body; 35. Sliding support frame; 36. Mounting bracket; 37. Servo motor; 38. Ball screw; 39. Sliding block; 40. Transmission rod one; 41. Positioning support block; 42. Transmission rod two; 43. Transmission rod three; 44. Transmission rod four; 45. Sliding support shaft; 46. Sliding hole; 47. Sealing ring; 48. Limiting and stabilizing rod. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In one typical implementation of this application, please refer to Figures 1-9A tail gas absorption device for mineral processing reagents includes a pretreatment unit, an absorption tower unit, a washing liquid supply unit, and a gas-liquid ratio control unit. The pretreatment unit cools and controls the flow of high-temperature mineral processing reagent tail gas through a pretreatment chamber 2, an inlet pipe 10, an inlet fan 11, a heat exchanger 9, and an inlet control assembly. The absorption tower unit achieves full gas-liquid contact through a tower body 1, an exhaust pipe 6, a multi-layer grid plate 30, and packing. The washing liquid supply unit delivers washing liquid through a storage tank 3, a centrifugal pump 23, and a liquid distribution pipeline. The gas-liquid ratio control unit achieves precise ratio control through a gas venturi tube 20, a liquid venturi tube 24, a control unit, and two sets of needle-bolt mechanisms with identical structures but different sizes.

[0033] The pretreatment chamber 2 is fixedly connected to the left side of the outer wall of the absorption tower unit tower body 1. On the left side of the pretreatment chamber 2, an air inlet pipe 10 is fixedly installed for introducing tail gas from the mineral processing reagent. Inside the air inlet pipe 10, an air inlet fan 11 is rotatably connected via a bearing for actively drawing and transporting tail gas.

[0034] Inside the pretreatment chamber 2, two heat exchangers 9 are fixedly installed. They are arranged along the direction of exhaust gas flow and are used to exchange heat with the high-temperature exhaust gas to reduce its temperature.

[0035] The intake control assembly includes five movable baffles 12 rotatably connected to the top surface of the pretreatment chamber 2 via bearings. These movable baffles 12 are initially in a closed position to block and prolong the residence time of exhaust gas in the pretreatment chamber 2. On the right side of each movable baffle 12, a mounting base 16 is fixedly installed. On the bottom surface of the pretreatment chamber 2, a slide rail 13 is fixedly installed. A support slide bar 14 is slidably connected to the groove of the slide rail 13 through the protrusion at its bottom. Several sliding grooves 18 are opened on the top surface of the support slide bar 14. A sliding shaft 17 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the mounting base 16. The lower end of the sliding shaft 17 is slidably connected to the sliding groove 18 of the support slide bar 14.

[0036] The cylinder of the electric push rod 15 is fixedly installed on the outside of the pretreatment chamber 2, and the end of its telescopic shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the support slide bar 14 for driving the support slide bar 14 to move horizontally along the slide rail 13. A temperature sensor 19 is fixedly installed on a movable baffle 12 located in the middle position for real-time monitoring of the temperature of the exhaust gas flowing through it.

[0037] The PLC controller is fixedly installed on the front side of the pretreatment chamber 2, and it is electrically connected to the temperature sensor 19, the electric push rod 15 and the air intake fan 11 via wires.

[0038] Specifically, when the tail gas temperature of the mineral processing reagent is low, the pollutant gases such as SO2 and H2S are more easily dissolved into the washing liquid, resulting in higher absorption efficiency. In addition, the lower temperature also makes the thermal motion of gas molecules weaker, and fine particulate aerosols are more likely to combine with droplets through inertial collisions, further improving the subsequent absorption effect. This ensures that the tail gas of the mineral processing reagent only enters the absorption tower at a safe temperature, avoiding damage to the packing material caused by high temperature.

[0039] Workers connect the tail gas from the mineral processing reagents to the inlet pipe 10. The intake fan 11 rotates, drawing the tail gas into the pretreatment chamber 2. The tail gas first comes into full contact with the two heat exchangers 9, where the flowing cooling water carries away the heat, achieving initial cooling. At this time, the movable baffle 12 is closed, increasing the tortuosity of the airflow path and prolonging the heat exchange time. Temperature sensor 19 continuously monitors the tail gas temperature.

[0040] When the exhaust gas temperature is reduced to below the preset threshold temperature in the PLC controller, the PLC controller sends a command to start the electric push rod 15. The telescopic shaft of the electric push rod 15 retracts, pulling the support slide bar 14 to slide in the slide rail 13 towards the electric push rod 15. The movement of the support slide bar 14 causes the sliding groove 18 on its top surface to be displaced relative to the fixed sliding shaft 17. Through the lever principle, the mounting base 16 is forced to drive the movable baffle 12 to rotate about 90 degrees around the bearing on its top, thereby opening the airflow channel. The cooled exhaust gas can then smoothly enter the subsequent unit, ensuring that the exhaust gas is cooled to the optimal reaction temperature before entering the absorption tower. At this time, the kinetic energy of the gas molecules is reduced, and pollutants such as SO2 and H2S are more easily dissolved in the washing liquid. Aerosol particles are also more easily captured, significantly improving the subsequent absorption efficiency.

[0041] The absorption tower unit includes a vertically arranged tower body 1. An exhaust pipe 6 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the tower body 1 via a flange for discharging the purified gas. Three support rings 29 are welded or fixedly fitted on the inner circular wall of the tower body 1. They are arranged in layers along the height direction of the tower body 1. The three layers of grid plates 30 are supported on the corresponding support rings 29 by the structure at their bottom. The top surface of each layer of grid plate 30 is filled with packing such as Pall rings and Raschig rings to provide a large gas-liquid contact surface area.

[0042] On the bottom surface of each layer of grating 30, a vibration motor 31, several sliding rods 32, and springs 33 are fixedly installed. The lower end of the sliding rod 32 passes through the hole on the support ring 29 and can slide up and down. The spring 33 is sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod 32, with its top end fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the grating 30 and its bottom end fixedly connected to the top surface of the support ring 29.

[0043] An electric valve 7 is fixedly installed on the lower part of the outer circular wall of the tower body 1. A drain pipe 8 is fixedly sleeved on the inner circular wall of the electric valve 7. The electric valve 7 is electrically connected to the PLC controller.

[0044] Several connecting pipes 4 are also fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the tower body 1. An observation window 5 is fixedly sleeved inside the connecting pipe 4, and its position corresponds to the grid plate 30, which is used to observe the condition of the packing.

[0045] The washing liquid supply unit includes a storage tank 3, which is located on the right side of the outer wall of the tower body 1; the inlet of the centrifugal pump 23 is connected to the inside of the storage tank 3 through a pipe, and its outlet is connected to the inlet end of the liquid venturi tube 24 through a flange.

[0046] A liquid delivery pipe 26 is fixedly installed at the outlet end of the liquid venturi tube 24. Three distribution pipes 27 are connected to the liquid delivery pipe 26. The distribution pipes 27 penetrate the tower body 1 and extend into the interior of the tower body 1. The position of each distribution pipe 27 is directly above the first layer of grid plate 30. Several atomizing nozzles 28 are fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of each distribution pipe 27. The atomizing nozzles 28 are spiral nozzles with an atomization angle of 60° and are located 200mm above the grid plate 30.

[0047] Specifically, the low-temperature exhaust gas from the pretreatment unit enters from the bottom of the tower body 1 through the connecting pipe 22 and flows upward. At the same time, the centrifugal pump 23 starts, pumping out the washing liquid from the storage tank 3, which is then transported to the liquid delivery pipe 26 through the liquid venturi tube 24, and then evenly distributed to each distribution pipe 27. Finally, it is atomized into extremely fine droplets through the atomizing nozzle 28 and sprayed downward. During the upward process, the exhaust gas passes through three layers of grid plates 30 filled with packing in sequence. During this process, the atomized droplets and the exhaust gas are fully mixed and contacted in the packing layer. The liquid film formed on the surface of the packing greatly increases the contact area between the gas and liquid phases, enabling the pollutants to be absorbed efficiently.

[0048] The purified gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe 6 at the top, while the waste liquid, after absorbing pollutants, accumulates at the bottom of the tower. When the liquid level reaches a certain height, the PLC controller can automatically or manually open the electric valve 7, and the waste liquid is discharged through the drain pipe 8. Furthermore, during long-term operation, the packing layer may become clogged due to the accumulation of dust and other contaminants. In this case, the PLC controller can periodically or as needed start the vibration motor 31. The vibration motor 31 drives the grid plate 30 and the packing to vibrate. The sliding rod 32 slides up and down under the guidance of the support ring 29, and the spring 33 acts as a buffer and vibration aid, effectively shaking off the blockages in the packing and ensuring unobstructed gas flow and high processing efficiency.

[0049] As a preferred embodiment of this example, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1 to 8The gas-liquid ratio control unit is the key to ensuring the efficient and economical operation of this solution. It is achieved by precisely controlling the gas-liquid addition ratio. A gas venturi tube 20 is fixedly installed on the right side of the pretreatment chamber 2. A differential pressure transmitter 21 is connected to the right end of the gas venturi tube 20 and the left end of the connecting pipe 22 leading to the lower part of the tower body 1 through a flange. This transmitter is used to detect the pressure difference before and after the gas venturi tube 20 and thus calculate the real-time gas flow rate.

[0050] At the inlet and throat of the liquid venturi tube 24, pressure taps of an electromagnetic flowmeter 25 are connected to accurately monitor the instantaneous flow rate of the washing liquid.

[0051] Both the gas venturi tube 20 and the liquid venturi tube 24 are equipped with a needle plug mechanism inside. The components of the two mechanisms are completely identical, and their dimensions are scaled down proportionally only due to the different tube diameters.

[0052] The two needle-bolt mechanisms have the same structure but different dimensions, and the difference in dimensions is determined based on the following formula:

[0053] ( )=

[0054] in, , These are the diameters of the throats of the Venturi tubes for gas and liquid, respectively. , ;flow, , Let be the density of the gas and liquid. Calculations yield... 4.16 represents the design gas-liquid ratio of 4:1.

[0055] Detailed calculation process:

[0056] I. Determine the maximum gas processing capacity based on the requirements for tail gas treatment in mineral processing. II. Based on the optimal liquid-to-gas ratio Calculate the required liquid flow rate: III. Considering gas density Liquid density IV. Substitute into the formula for calculation: Considering manufacturing tolerances and actual operating conditions, the ratio is rounded to 4:1, meaning the ratio of gas venturi tube 20 to liquid venturi tube 24 is 4:1.

[0057] Each needle bolt mechanism includes: a servo motor 37 fixed to the outer circular wall of the venturi tube via a mounting bracket 36; a ball screw 38 driven by the servo motor 37 and rotatably connected to the inside of the venturi tube via a bearing; a sliding block 39 threadedly connected to the ball screw 38; and a limiting and stabilizing rod 48 fixed to the inner wall of the venturi tube, wherein the sliding block 39 is slidably connected to the limiting and stabilizing rod 48 to prevent its rotation.

[0058] The needle bolt mechanism also includes a set of transmission linkages: the left end of transmission rod 40 is rotatably connected to sliding block 39 via a rotating shaft; the left end of transmission rod 42 is rotatably connected to positioning support block 41 fixed to the inner wall of Venturi tube via a rotating shaft; transmission rod 40 and transmission rod 42 are hinged to each other in the middle via a rotating shaft.

[0059] The transmission linkage assembly also includes: transmission rod three 43 and transmission rod four 44, which are hinged to each other at the middle by a rotating shaft. The left end of transmission rod three 43 is rotatably connected to the right end of transmission rod one 40 by a rotating shaft, and the left end of transmission rod four 44 is rotatably connected to the right end of transmission rod two 42 by a rotating shaft.

[0060] A sliding support frame 35 is located at the throat of the venturi tube. The right end of transmission rod three 43 is rotatably connected to one side of the interior of the sliding support frame 35 via a rotating shaft. A sliding support shaft 45 is fixedly installed at the right end of transmission rod four 44. A sliding hole 46 is provided on the front side of the sliding support frame 35, and the sliding support shaft 45 is slidably connected to the sliding hole 46. The needle bolt body 34 is fixedly connected to the sliding support frame 35 on its left side, and its right end tapered portion faces the throat of the venturi tube. A sealing ring 47 is fixedly installed at the point where the drive shaft of the servo motor 37 passes through the wall of the venturi tube to achieve dynamic sealing.

[0061] The PLC controller is electrically connected to the differential pressure transmitter 21, the electromagnetic flowmeter 25, and two servo motors 37, and is used to receive flow signals and synchronously control the rotation of the two servo motors 37.

[0062] Specifically, the operator sets the optimal liquid-to-gas ratio in the PLC controller. When the device is running, the differential pressure transmitter 21 and the electromagnetic flowmeter 25 transmit the gas and liquid flow signals to the PLC in real time. The PLC calculates the amount of adjustment required to the opening of the venturi throat based on the comparison between the set value and the actual value, and then sends control signals to the two servo motors 37 in a synchronous manner. The servo motors 37 rotate, which drives the ball screw 38 to rotate, forcing the sliding block 39 to move linearly along the limit stabilizing rod 48. The movement of the sliding block 39 is transmitted through transmission rod 1 40 and transmission rod 2 42, driving the parallelogram mechanism composed of transmission rod 3 43 and transmission rod 44 to move. Ultimately, this is transformed into the precise linear movement of the sliding support frame 35 and the needle plug body 34 fixed thereon along the axis of the Venturi tube. The movement of the needle plug body 34 changes the effective flow area of ​​the throat of the Venturi tube, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the medium gas or liquid flowing through the tube. By synchronously controlling the two needle plug mechanisms, the gas-liquid flow rate can be precisely adjusted proportionally, keeping the liquid-gas ratio at the optimal value. This avoids the waste of electricity, chemical agents such as NaOH, and the increase in subsequent wastewater treatment load caused by excessive use of washing liquid. It achieves the best balance between energy consumption, chemical consumption, and treatment efficiency, significantly improving the economy of the device and the overall absorption effect.

[0063] An excessively high liquid-to-gas ratio means that the centrifugal pump 23 has to deliver a much larger volume of liquid than actually needed, which will lead to unnecessary energy consumption. At the same time, excessive liquid will also increase the load and cost of subsequent wastewater treatment. Controlling the liquid-to-gas ratio at the optimal value can achieve the best balance between energy consumption and efficiency.

[0064] Furthermore, in chemical absorption, while an excessively high liquid-to-gas ratio can improve efficiency, it can also lead to the overuse of chemical agents such as NaOH, because the washing liquid is discharged before its chemical capacity is fully utilized. Optimizing the liquid-to-gas ratio can ensure that every dose of agent is fully utilized and reduce operating costs.

[0065] Working principle: During use, the tail gas from the mineral processing reagent enters the pretreatment chamber 2 through the inlet pipe 10 and the inlet fan 11. The tail gas comes into full contact with the two sets of heat exchangers 9 and continuously exchanges heat. The temperature sensor 19 monitors the tail gas temperature in real time. When the temperature is higher than the threshold, the movable baffle 12 remains closed. When the temperature drops below the threshold, the electric push rod 15 is activated, which, through the linkage of the supporting slide bar 14 and the sliding shaft 17, drives the movable baffle 12 to rotate 90° and open.

[0066] After cooling, the exhaust gas enters the gas venturi tube 20, and the differential pressure transmitter 21 monitors the gas flow rate in real time. At the same time, the centrifugal pump 23 delivers the washing liquid in the storage tank 3 to the liquid venturi tube 24. The control unit adjusts the two needle plug mechanisms synchronously according to the set liquid-gas ratio.

[0067] The gas-side servo motor 37 drives the ball screw 38, which controls the position of the needle plug body 34 through the transmission linkage group. The liquid-side servo motor 37 moves synchronously to ensure the coordinated operation of the two mechanisms. The axial movement of the needle plug body 34 precisely adjusts the flow area of ​​the venturi throat.

[0068] The regulated exhaust gas enters the lower part of the tower body 1 through the connecting pipe 22 and continues to rise. The washing liquid is distributed to each distribution pipe 27 through the liquid delivery pipe 26 and forms 50μm-level atomized droplets through the atomizing nozzle 28. In the packing layer, the following reactions occur between the gas and liquid phases: acidic gases SO2 and H2S undergo a neutralization reaction with the alkaline solution, water-soluble VOCs are physically absorbed by the washing liquid, and particulate matter is captured through inertial collision. The three-layer grid plate 30 ensures uniform gas-liquid distribution, and the vibration motor 31 runs regularly to prevent packing blockage.

[0069] Finally, the purified gas is discharged through exhaust pipe 6 in compliance with standards, and the saturated waste liquid is controlled by electric valve 7 and discharged periodically through drain pipe 8. Operators regularly check the operating status inside the tower through observation window 5.

[0070] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tail gas absorption device for mineral processing reagents, characterized in that, include: The pretreatment unit includes a pretreatment chamber (2), an air inlet pipe (10) disposed on the left side of the pretreatment chamber (2), an air inlet fan (11) rotatably connected inside the air inlet pipe (10), two heat exchangers (9) fixedly installed inside the pretreatment chamber (2), and an air inlet control assembly disposed inside the pretreatment chamber (2). The absorption tower unit includes a tower body (1), an exhaust pipe (6) disposed at the top of the tower body (1), a multi-layer grid plate (30) disposed inside the tower body (1), packing material stacked on the top surface of the grid plate (30), and a drain component disposed at the bottom of the tower body (1). The washing liquid supply unit includes a storage tank (3), a centrifugal pump (23) connected to the storage tank (3), and a liquid distribution pipeline connected to the outlet of the centrifugal pump (23); The gas-liquid ratio control unit includes a gas venturi tube (20), a liquid venturi tube (24), and a control unit; the inlet of the gas venturi tube (20) is connected to the pretreatment chamber (2), and its outlet is connected to the lower part of the tower body (1) through a connecting pipe (22); the inlet of the liquid venturi tube (24) is connected to the centrifugal pump (23), and its outlet is connected to the liquid distribution pipeline through a liquid delivery pipe (26); both the gas venturi tube (20) and the liquid venturi tube (24) are equipped with a set of needle plug mechanisms, the components of the two sets of needle plug mechanisms are the same and are both synchronously controlled by the control unit, but the size ratios of the two are different; the control unit is electrically connected to a differential pressure transmitter (21) for monitoring gas flow and an electromagnetic flowmeter (25) for monitoring liquid flow. The air intake control assembly includes several movable baffles (12) rotatably connected to the top surface inside the pretreatment chamber (2), a mounting base block (16) fixedly installed on the right side of the movable baffles (12), a slide rail (13) disposed on the bottom surface inside the pretreatment chamber (2), a support slide bar (14) slidably connected to the slide rail (13), and an electric push rod (15) for driving the support slide bar (14) to move; the top surface of the support slide bar (14) is provided with several sliding grooves (18), and the bottom surface of the mounting base block (16) is fixedly installed with a sliding shaft (17) slidably connected to the sliding grooves (18); at least one of the movable baffles (12) is equipped with a temperature sensor (19); The needle bolt mechanism includes a servo motor (37) fixed to the outer wall of the venturi tube by a mounting bracket (36), a ball screw (38) driven by the servo motor (37) and rotatably connected to the inside of the venturi tube, a sliding block (39) threadedly connected to the ball screw (38) and restricted in rotation by a limiting stabilizing rod (48), and a needle bolt body (34) connected to the sliding block (39) by a transmission linkage group; the transmission linkage group includes a transmission rod one (40) and a transmission rod two (42) hinged to each other, and a transmission rod three (43) and a transmission rod four (44) hinged to each other; The first transmission rod (40) and the second transmission rod (42) are respectively hinged to the sliding block (39) and the positioning support block (41); the right ends of the third transmission rod (43) and the fourth transmission rod (44) are connected to a sliding support frame (35), and the left side of the needle bolt body (34) is fixed on the sliding support frame (35). The right end of the transmission rod three (43) is rotatably connected to the inside of the sliding support frame (35), and the right end of the transmission rod four (44) is fixedly installed with a sliding support shaft (45). The front side of the sliding support frame (35) is provided with a sliding hole (46) for the sliding support shaft (45) to slide.

2. The tail gas absorption device for mineral processing reagents according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid distribution pipeline includes several distribution pipes (27) connected to the liquid delivery pipe (26), and several atomizing nozzles (28) fixedly installed on the distribution pipes (27); the atomizing nozzles (28) are located above the grid plate (30).

3. The tail gas absorption device for mineral processing reagents according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grating plate (30) is supported on the inner wall of the tower body (1) by a support ring (29). A vibration motor (31), a sliding rod (32) and a spring (33) are fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the grating plate (30). One end of the sliding rod (32) passes through the support ring (29), and the spring (33) is sleeved on the outside of the sliding rod (32), and its two ends are respectively connected to the bottom surface of the grating plate (30) and the top surface of the support ring (29).

4. The tail gas absorption device for mineral processing reagents according to claim 1, characterized in that: The draining component includes an electric valve (7) fixedly installed on the outer wall of the tower body (1), and a drain pipe (8) fixedly sleeved inside the electric valve (7).

5. A tail gas absorption device for mineral processing reagents according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting pipe (4) is fixedly installed on the outer circular wall of the tower body (1), and an observation window (5) is fixedly sleeved inside the connecting pipe (4).

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