Feeding anti-blocking intelligently-adjustable rice huller

Abstract

The invention provides a feeding anti-blocking intelligently-adjustable rice huller, and aims to solve the problems that the feeding amount of a traditional rice huller of a pure mechanical structure is unstable, and blockage is likely to happen after the rice huller enters a rubber roller gap. The device mainly comprises a feeding hopper, a spiral feeding device, an air suction pipe, a rice hull separating device, a control panel, a transmission device, a rubber roller, a separating baffle and a conveying device. The spiral feeding device is arranged on the upper portion of the throat part, the pneumatic valve is arranged on the lower portion of the throat part, a spiral rod of the spiral feeding device is of a three-step-degree spiral blade design, and gradient changes are matched with a rice particle size distribution database; the torque of the driving motor is fed back through the torque sensor, so that whether the current japonica rice processing threshold value exceeds the range or not is judged, and if the intelligent central system receives out-of-range parameter feedback, the opening degree of the pneumatic valve and the feeding speed of the spiral feeding device are reduced for adjustment, so that feeding blockage is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rice hulling machine technology, and in particular to a rice hulling machine with intelligent adjustable feed to prevent clogging. Background Technology

[0002] As a core piece of equipment in rice processing, the rice huller is used to remove the outer husk of paddy rice to obtain brown rice. Traditional rice hullers, such as the invention patent disclosed in application number CN202110152988.3, ​​provide a technical solution for a rice huller with a screening function. However, this traditional rice huller still has significant shortcomings in terms of anti-clogging and intelligent features.

[0003] Specifically, as can be seen from the technical solution and the attached diagram, this rice huller is a purely mechanical rice processing device. It separates the rice husks by manually feeding the rice into the hopper and then peeling it off with rubber rollers. This unstable feeding amount is prone to clogging after entering the gap between the rubber rollers. According to experiments, the clogging rate of most traditional purely mechanical rice hullers is about 8.3%. After clogging, manual intervention is required, which causes inconvenience. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application addresses the shortcomings of the prior art by providing a rice huller with intelligent adjustable feeding and anti-blocking technology. By installing a screw feeding device at the upper part of the throat and a pneumatic valve at the lower part, and by using a torque sensor to feed back the torque of the drive motor, the system can determine whether the current processing threshold of japonica rice is out of range. If the intelligent central system receives feedback of parameters that are out of range, it will reduce the opening of the pneumatic valve and adjust the feeding speed of the screw feeding device to avoid feeding blockage.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A rice huller with intelligent adjustable feed anti-blocking features includes a housing. From top to bottom, the housing is provided with a feed hopper, a transmission device, symmetrically arranged rubber rollers, a separation baffle, a rice husk separation device, and a conveying device. A suction pipe for extracting rice husks by air pressure is also provided above the housing. A screw feeder is also provided on the feeding path between the feed hopper and the inner cavity of the equipment. The rice huller is also equipped with an intelligent central system. A control panel for digitally displaying the intelligent central system is provided on the outer surface of the equipment housing. The intelligent central system receives parameter signals fed back by the screw feeder and sends action commands to control the feeding speed of the screw feeder.

[0006] Furthermore, the screw feeding device includes two sets of opposing rotating screws, each screw having at least three stages of screw blades, the spacing of which decreases gradually along the feeding direction, and a drive motor connected to the input end of each screw. A torque sensor is also provided on the output shaft of the drive motor, and the torque sensor signal is connected to the intelligent central system.

[0007] Furthermore, each screw is equipped with three sets of spiral blades, and the spacing between each spiral blade along the feeding direction is 30mm for the first section, 20mm for the middle section, and 12mm for the last section.

[0008] Furthermore, the upper part of the equipment housing has a throat section, the feed hopper is connected to the top of the throat, and a spiral feed device is located downwards. A pneumatic valve is also provided below the spiral feed device. After receiving the feedback signal from the spiral feed device, the intelligent central system controls the opening degree of the pneumatic valve.

[0009] Furthermore, the intelligent central system includes a main controller, a sensor system, an interactive system with a physical display on the control panel, and an actuator, which is connected to the set of rubber rollers to adjust the roller gap.

[0010] Furthermore, the actuator module adjusts the gap between the pair of rubber rollers via a hydraulic servo system.

[0011] The advantages of this invention over the prior art are as follows: The rice huller of this invention has a throat at the point where the feed hopper meets the inner cavity of the equipment. The throat provides a buffer and adjustable working space. A screw feeding device is installed at the upper part of the throat and a pneumatic valve is installed at the lower part. The screw of the screw feeding device adopts a three-stage gradient screw blade design, and the gradient change matches the rice particle size distribution database. The torque sensor feeds back the torque of the drive motor to determine whether the current threshold for processing japonica rice is out of range. If the intelligent central system receives feedback of parameters that are out of range, it reduces the opening of the pneumatic valve and the feeding speed of the screw feeding device to adjust the feed and avoid feeding blockage. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the screw feeding device in this invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the present invention.

[0013] The components include: 1. Feed hopper; 2. Screw feeder; 3. Suction pipe; 4. High-speed camera; 5. Rice husk separation device; 6. Control panel; 7. Transmission device; 8. Rubber roller; 9. Separation baffle; 10. Conveying device; 11. Hydraulic servo structure device. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention provides a rice huller with intelligent adjustable feed anti-blocking, including a housing. The housing is provided with a feed hopper 1, a transmission device 7, symmetrically arranged rubber rollers 8, a separation baffle 9, a rice husk separation device 5, and a conveying device 10 arranged from top to bottom. A suction pipe 3 for extracting rice husks by air pressure is also provided above the housing. The two rubber rollers 8 are driven by belts through the transmission device 7 on the right.

[0016] A screw feeder 2 is also provided on the feeding path between the feeding hopper 1 and the inner cavity of the equipment. The rice huller is also equipped with an intelligent central system. A control panel 6 for digitally displaying the intelligent central system is provided on the outer surface of the equipment housing. The intelligent central system receives parameter signals fed back by the screw feeder 2 and sends action commands to control the feeding speed of the screw feeder 2.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the screw feeding device 2 includes two sets of opposing rotating screws, each screw having at least three stages of screw blades arranged on it. The spacing between the screw blades decreases gradually along the feeding direction. Each screw has a drive motor connected to its input end. A torque sensor is also provided on the output shaft of the drive motor. The torque sensor is mounted on the motor shaft of the feeding screw, and the torque sensor signal is connected to the intelligent central system.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, each screw is provided with three sets of spiral blades, and the spacing of each spiral blade along the feeding direction is 30 mm for the first section, 20 mm for the middle section, and 12 mm for the last section.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the upper part of the equipment housing has a throat section, the feed hopper 1 is connected to the top of the throat section and downward is the spiral feed device 2, and a pneumatic valve is also provided below the spiral feed device. After receiving the feedback signal from the spiral feed device 2, the intelligent central system controls the opening degree of the pneumatic valve.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent central system includes a main controller, a sensor system, an interactive system physically displayed on the control panel 6, and an actuator module, the actuator module being connected to the set of rubber rollers 8 for adjusting the roller spacing.

[0021] In one embodiment of the present invention, the actuator module adjusts the gap between the rubber rollers 8 via a hydraulic servo system. The hydraulic servo system can be any commonly used model in the art and is not limited thereto. This hydraulic servo system is a closed-loop control system with a high-performance PLC or dedicated controller as the control terminal, an electro-hydraulic servo valve as the core control element, and hydraulic cylinders, high-precision displacement and pressure sensors as the framework. By comparing the real-time error between the set value and the feedback value, the servo valve is driven to precisely adjust the flow direction and flow rate of the hydraulic oil, thereby controlling the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder, ultimately achieving precise, dynamic, and adaptive control of the gap or pressure between the rubber rollers. The core advantage of using a hydraulic servo system in this invention is its ability to automatically maintain constant dehulling process conditions according to material changes, thereby significantly improving the overall performance of the rice hulling machine.

[0022] The specific structure and working principle of this invention are as follows: The present invention includes a housing, and from top to bottom arranged on the housing are a feeding hopper 1, a transmission device 7, symmetrically arranged rubber rollers 8, a separation baffle 9, a rice husk separation device 5, and a conveying device 10; an air suction pipe 3 for extracting rice husks by air pressure is also provided above the housing; a screw feeder 2 is also provided on the feeding path between the feeding hopper 1 and the inner cavity of the equipment; the rice huller is also equipped with an intelligent central system, and a control panel 6 for digitally displaying the intelligent central system is provided on the outer surface of the housing; the intelligent central system receives parameter signals fed back by the screw feeder 2 and sends action commands to control the feeding speed of the screw feeder 2.

[0023] It also includes an image acquisition system, which comprises a visual inspection array consisting of four sets of high-speed cameras 4 arranged in a row, with an image acquisition frequency of ≥5 frames / second; and an environmental sensing module installed inside the rubber roller 8, which integrates a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a pressure sensor, with a data sampling frequency of 500Hz. Specifically, the visual inspection array consisting of four sets of high-speed cameras 4 is arranged on both sides of the rubber roller 8, and a three-in-one module of temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and pressure sensor is placed inside the rubber roller 8 to collect working parameters in real time. The temperature measurement range is 0-100℃±0.5℃, humidity is 0-100%RH±1%, and pressure is 0-10MPa±0.2%, with a data sampling frequency of up to 500Hz. The intelligent central system intelligently adjusts the feeding speed and rice huller parameters based on the sensor transmission signals.

[0024] As an intelligent optimization, the actuator module adjusts the gap of the rubber roller 8 through a hydraulic servo system, with a pressure resolution of ≤5N; the linear speed difference generation unit adopts dual-motor differential speed control, with a speed synchronization error of <0.1m / s; the feeding speed regulation unit dynamically compensates the feeding speed based on torque sensor data, so that the feeding amount fluctuation per unit time is <±1.5%.

[0025] The dynamic modeling module of the main controller of the intelligent central system is based on multiple sets of process parameters, including roller pressing P, linear speed difference ΔV, feeding speed V0, and rice moisture content S. It constructs a real-time prediction model for the hulling rate η using machine learning algorithms, with the mathematical expression: η = 0.87P^0.3*ΔV^0.25 / V0*S^0.15. This prediction model is trained online using gradient descent, updating the weight parameters every 5 seconds to ensure a prediction error rate ≤1.8%. The real-time actuator employs a PID closed-loop control strategy, converting the optimized P, ΔV, and other parameters into servo motor speed and torque commands. A dynamic response of ≤20ms is achieved via the EtherCAT bus, synchronously matching the production line cycle time. The system interacts with the host computer via the OPCUA protocol, supporting historical data backtracking and adaptive adjustment of process parameters.

[0026] The working principle of adjustable feed speed: This embodiment focuses on achieving precise control of the screw feed system for preventing blockages. The screw rod adopts a three-stage gradient helical blade design, with a blade spacing of 30mm in the first section, 20mm in the middle section, and 12mm in the last section. This gradient variation matches the rice particle size distribution database. The drive motor is equipped with a high-precision torque sensor with a range of 0-50 N·m. When the detected torque exceeds a preset threshold (e.g., 18 N·m for japonica rice processing), the intelligent control center uses a fuzzy PID algorithm to reduce the motor speed from 1200 rpm to 900 rpm within 100ms. Simultaneously, the pneumatic valve opening is reduced by 15%, stabilizing the feed rate at 2.5 ± 0.075 t / h. Multiple experiments have shown that this intelligent rice hulling system can reduce the blockage rate from 8.3% in traditional equipment to below 0.5%.

[0027] Working principle of the linkage control between the image acquisition system and the central intelligent system: This embodiment achieves dynamic optimization of process parameters through a high-speed camera 4 and a three-in-one sensor. Four 2000fps high-speed cameras 4 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the rubber roller 8, capturing images of the rice's movement trajectory at a frequency of 5 frames per second. These images are then combined with an HSV color model to identify the proportion of unhulled grains in real time. Simultaneously, a three-in-one sensor module is embedded inside the rubber roller 8, measuring temperature (0-100℃±0.5℃), humidity (0-100%RH±1%), and pressure (0-10MPa±0.2%), acquiring operational status data at a frequency of 500Hz. The intelligent control system fuses image features with sensor data and constructs a hulling rate prediction model using the XGBoost algorithm: η=0.87P^0.3*ΔV^0.25 / V0*S^0.15, updating the model parameters every 5 seconds. When the shelling rate is detected to be below 95%, the system automatically increases the roller pressure from 400N to 450N and adjusts the linear speed difference from 2.8m / s to 3.2m / s, so that the shelling rate can be restored to above 97.5% within 30 seconds.

[0028] In this embodiment, the rubber roller 8 has an embedded three-in-one sensor that monitors the working status in real time: temperature 65℃±0.3℃, pressure 8.2MPa±0.15%. The actuator module adjusts the gap via a hydraulic servo system, with a pressure resolution of 4N. The linear speed difference generation unit uses dual 550W servo motors, with a differential speed control accuracy of <0.09m / s. Process data is collected every 5 seconds, and the model weights are updated based on the gradient descent method. When the predicted shelling rate η < 97%, the PID controller adjusts within 18ms via the EtherCAT bus: the roller pressure is increased to 370N±3N, the linear speed difference is increased to 3.1m / s±0.05m / s, and the feed rate V0 is reduced to 1.3t / h±0.02t / h.

[0029] This embodiment can detect roller gap changes in real time within ±0.1mm. When the vision array detects a change from 5.2mm for japonica rice to 7.8mm for indica rice, the dynamic modeling module calls the variety parameter library to switch the roller pressure value from 300N to 360N. The actuator drive module controls the hydraulic servo system through a PID algorithm to complete the roller gap adjustment within 500ms, with a pressure resolution ≤4N. Simultaneously, based on the hulling rate model η=0.87×P^0.3×ΔV^0.25 / V0×S^0.15 of claim 8, and inputting a real-time moisture content S=14.2%, the optimal linear speed difference ΔV=2.9m / s±0.06m / s is calculated. The EtherCAT bus transmits commands with a 15ms response speed, and the feeding speed adjustment unit synchronously compensates V0 to 1.25t / h±0.018t / h, achieving a hulling rate of 98.2%±0.25% when switching between different rice varieties.

[0030] The above description is an explanation of the present invention and not a limitation thereof. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims. Within the scope of protection of the present invention, any form of modification may be made.

Claims

1. A rice huller with intelligent adjustable feed anti-blocking mechanism, comprising a housing, wherein the housing is provided with a feed hopper (1), a transmission device (7), symmetrically arranged rubber rollers (8), a separation baffle (9), a rice husk separation device (5), and a conveying device (10) from top to bottom; and a suction pipe (3) for extracting rice husks by air pressure is also provided above the housing. Its features are: A spiral feeding device (2) is also provided on the feeding path between the feeding hopper (1) and the inner cavity of the equipment. The rice huller is also equipped with an intelligent central system. A control panel (6) for digitally displaying the intelligent central system is provided on the outer surface of the equipment housing. The intelligent central system receives the parameter signals fed back by the spiral feeding device (2) and sends action commands to control the feeding speed of the spiral feeding device (2).

2. The rice huller with intelligent adjustable feed anti-blocking as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The spiral feeding device (2) includes two sets of opposing rotating spiral rods, each spiral rod having at least three levels of spiral blades. The spacing between the spiral blades decreases gradually along the feeding direction. Each spiral rod has a drive motor connected to its input end. The output shaft of the drive motor is also equipped with a torque sensor, and the torque sensor signal is connected to the intelligent central system.

3. The rice huller with intelligent adjustable feed anti-blocking as described in claim 2, characterized in that: Each screw is equipped with three sets of spiral blades. Along the feeding direction, the spacing between each spiral blade is 30mm for the first section, 20mm for the middle section, and 12mm for the last section.

4. The rice huller with intelligent adjustable feed anti-blocking as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The upper part of the equipment housing has a throat section. The feed hopper (1) is connected to the top of the throat section and downward is the spiral feed device (2). A pneumatic valve is also provided below the spiral feed device. After receiving the feedback signal from the spiral feed device (2), the intelligent central system controls the opening degree of the pneumatic valve.

5. The rice huller with intelligent adjustable feed anti-blocking as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent central system includes a main controller, a sensor system, an interactive system physically displayed on the control panel (6), and an actuator, which is connected to the set of rubber rollers (8) for adjusting the roller pitch.

6. The rice huller with intelligent adjustable feed anti-blocking as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The actuator module adjusts the gap between the pair of rubber rollers (8) via a hydraulic servo system.

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