Porous uniformly-distributed atomizing and spraying structure and design method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a porous uniformly-distributed atomizing and spraying structure and a design method thereof, the porous uniformly-distributed atomizing and spraying structure comprises a drill bit center rod and a digging and cutting wing plate, a medium channel is arranged in the drill bit center rod, an atomizing and spraying unit is arranged on the digging and cutting wing plate, and the atomizing and spraying unit is communicated with the medium channel; the medium channel comprises a slurry medium channel and a gas medium channel, and the atomization spraying unit comprises a slurry drainage channel, a gas drainage channel, a switching channel, a confluence spraying channel and an atomization spraying opening; one end of the slurry drainage channel communicates with the slurry medium channel, one end of the gas drainage channel communicates with the gas medium channel, one end of the switching channel communicates with the free end of the slurry drainage channel or the free end of the gas medium channel, and the other end of the switching channel communicates with the confluence injection channel. The atomization injection opening is formed in the free end of the confluence injection channel and located below the digging and cutting wing plate, and the injection structure has multiple expression forms.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of foundation treatment and spraying equipment, and in particular to a porous uniformly distributed atomizing spraying structure and its design method. Background Technology

[0002] As a major construction method in foundation treatment engineering, deep mixing pile technology has been widely used in engineering and construction fields since the 1960s, including civil engineering, building engineering, railway engineering, highway engineering, water conservancy engineering, municipal engineering, and port engineering. Deep mixing pile engineering technology uses single-axis or multi-axis mixing drilling rigs to introduce cement and other solidifying agents underground. Through mixing with soft and hard soil, a series of physical and chemical reactions occur between the solidifying agent and the soil, generating piles, walls, and blocks with high strength, good water stability, and strong seepage prevention performance. This effectively solves practical engineering problems such as the bearing capacity of composite foundations, the bearing capacity of mixing piles, the bearing capacity of reinforced composite piles, the bearing capacity of SMW method piles, the seepage resistance of water-retaining walls, and the sealing walls and sealing layers of contaminated soil and toxic substance landfills.

[0003] Deep mixing pile engineering technology has been widely used in the civil engineering field due to its advantages such as simple drilling equipment, high construction efficiency, and low cost. However, currently, when designing drilling tools for mixing pile construction, a grouting nozzle is set on the center rod of the drill bit for grouting. The grouting agent is mixed with the soil by the mixing blades to form a mixing pile of a certain diameter. However, it is difficult to achieve uniform mixing of the grout around the center rod of the drill bit through soil agitation. This often results in the grout being discharged upwards along the gap between the drill bit and the drill rod, and the grout accumulating in some areas, especially the central area. This causes the strength of the cement-soil in the outer area to be much lower than that in the center, leading to serious engineering quality problems such as the overall strength being lower than the design value, and often causing serious engineering safety issues. Especially when engineering projects require the construction of large-diameter, deep mixing piles, the use of conventional or improperly designed grouting nozzles in mixing drilling tools poses risks to engineering quality and safety.

[0004] In addition, based on the conventional slurry dispensing method of the mixing drill bit, the slurry is unevenly distributed in the mixing zone, which cannot soften all the soil in the mixing zone. This causes the drill bit to encounter greater resistance during rotation, descent and lifting, which not only increases energy consumption, but also greatly limits the drilling depth and makes it difficult to penetrate hard strata.

[0005] In addition, conventional mixing piles rely on the pressure provided by the grouting pump to deliver the solidified grout to the grout outlet on the drill bit. Due to friction in the delivery pipeline and changes in direction at bends, the flow rate and pressure decrease significantly when they reach the outlet. When the outlet pressure is low, the grout cannot disperse the soil, resulting in poor mixing uniformity, uneven distribution of solidified material, and ineffective utilization. When the outlet pressure is lower than the external water and soil pressure, the outlet is easily blocked and grout cannot be discharged.

[0006] The current civil engineering market urgently needs to solve the aforementioned engineering and technical problems. Some existing conventional solutions include: 1. Increasing the grouting pressure to deliver the grout to the outside of the pile body via a jet, or increasing the cement grout content to increase the chance of uniform mixing. However, these methods require additional equipment or materials, increasing construction costs. 2. Using a four-mixing-two-spraying or multi-mixing-multi-spraying process to increase mixing time, which improves uniformity to some extent, but reduces construction efficiency. 3. Moving the grouting nozzle to the mixing blades, or even adding multiple grouting holes to the mixing or excavating blades to achieve uniform grouting within the pile radius, attempting to compensate for the deficiencies in the center rod grouting design. This provides some improvement, but still cannot achieve uniform grout coverage along the radius, or some grout outlets are likely to become blocked during construction. 4. Adding an air passage outside the grout delivery channel improves local uniformity to some extent, but due to unreasonable structural design, it also cannot effectively achieve uniform distribution of the solidified material, resulting in a large coefficient of variation in the forming strength at different points on the same cross-section of the pile. Therefore, this problem has not been fundamentally solved in the industry.

[0007] Therefore, a porous uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure and its design method are proposed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a porous uniform atomizing spray structure.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a multi-hole uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure, comprising: a drill bit center rod and a cutting wing plate, wherein a medium channel is provided inside the drill bit center rod, and an atomizing spray unit is provided on the cutting wing plate, wherein the atomizing spray unit is connected to the medium channel; The medium channel includes a slurry medium channel and a gas medium channel, and the atomizing injection unit includes a slurry diversion channel, a gas diversion channel, a transfer channel, a confluence injection channel, and an atomizing injection port; One end of the slurry diversion channel is connected to the slurry medium channel, one end of the gas diversion channel is connected to the gas medium channel, one end of the transfer channel is connected to the free end of the slurry diversion channel or the free end of the gas medium channel, and the other end of the transfer channel is connected to the confluence injection channel; The atomizing nozzle is located at the free end of the confluence jet channel and below the excavating wing plate. The slurry is mixed with high-pressure gas through the confluence jet channel and dispersed into tiny droplets, which are then ejected from the atomizing nozzle below the excavating wing plate. The jetting structure has various forms.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the opening cross-sectional area of ​​the atomizing spray nozzle is A1, the flow area of ​​the transition channel is A2, and the flow area of ​​the confluence spray channel is A3, and the three satisfy the relationship: A1 < A2 + A3.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of ​​the atomizing spray nozzle distributed per unit length along the length direction of the excavating wing plate shows an increasing trend.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the various manifestations include manifestation one: The media channels include one slurry media channel and one gas media channel; The atomizing spray unit includes one slurry diversion channel, one gas diversion channel, three transfer channels, three confluence spray channels, and three atomizing spray nozzles, wherein the atomizing spray nozzles are circular. The slurry medium channel is connected to the slurry drainage channel, and the gas medium channel is connected to the gas drainage channel; One end of each of the three transfer channels is connected to the gas diversion channel, and the other end is connected to each of the three confluence jet channels. All three confluence jet channels are connected to the slurry diversion channel. The three atomizing jets are respectively located at the free ends of the three confluence jet channels. A one-way valve is provided at the connection between the gas diversion channel and the gas medium channel.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the various manifestations include manifestation two: The medium channels include two slurry medium channels and two gas medium channels; The atomizing injection unit consists of two sets, namely an upper atomizing injection unit and a lower atomizing injection unit. The two slurry medium channels and gas medium channels are respectively connected to the upper atomizing injection unit and the lower atomizing injection unit. The upper atomizing injection unit and the lower atomizing injection unit are respectively installed on the upper cutting flange and the lower cutting flange of the drill bit center rod. The upper atomizing spray unit includes one slurry diversion channel, one gas diversion channel, two transfer channels, two confluence spray channels, and two atomizing spray ports; The slurry medium channel is connected to the slurry drainage channel, and the gas medium channel is connected to the gas drainage channel; One end of each of the two transfer channels is connected to the gas medium channel, and the other end is connected to each of the two confluence jet channels. Both of the two confluence jet channels are connected to the slurry diversion channel. The two atomizing jets are respectively located at the free ends of the two confluence jet channels. A one-way valve is provided at the connection between the gas diversion channel and the gas medium channel.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower atomizing spray unit includes a slurry diversion channel, a gas diversion channel, a transfer channel, a confluence spray channel, and an atomizing spray port; The slurry medium channel is connected to the slurry drainage channel, and the gas medium channel is connected to the gas drainage channel; One of the transfer channels is connected at one end to the slurry diversion channel, and at the other end to one of the confluence jet channels. Each of the confluence jet channels is connected to the gas diversion channel. The atomizing jet nozzles are respectively located at the free ends of the confluence jet channels. A one-way valve is provided at the connection between the slurry diversion channel and the slurry medium channel.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the various manifestations include manifestation three: The medium channels include one slurry medium channel and two gas medium channels; The atomizing injection unit consists of two sets, which are respectively installed on the cutting wing plates on both sides of the drill bit center rod. The atomizing injection unit includes two slurry diversion channels, two gas diversion channels, four transfer channels, four confluence injection channels, and four atomizing injection ports. The slurry medium channel has a Y-shaped structure, and the two slurry drainage channels are respectively connected to the two free ends of the Y-shaped structure. The two gas medium channels are respectively connected to the two gas drainage channels. One end of each of the four transfer channels is connected to one of the two slurry diversion channels, and the other end is connected to one of the four confluence jet channels respectively. The four confluence jet channels are connected to the two gas diversion channels in a 2-1 correspondence. The four atomizing jet nozzles are respectively located at the free ends of the four confluence jet channels. One-way valves are installed at the connection points between the two slurry drainage channels and the two slurry medium channels.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the various manifestations include manifestation four: The media channels include one slurry media channel and one gas media channel; The atomizing spray unit includes one slurry diversion channel, one gas diversion channel, three transfer channels, three confluence spray channels, and three atomizing spray nozzles, wherein the atomizing spray nozzles have a flat slit structure. The slurry medium channel is connected to the slurry drainage channel, and the gas medium channel is connected to the gas drainage channel; One end of each of the three transfer channels is connected to the slurry diversion channel, and the other end is connected to each of the three confluence jet channels. All three confluence jet channels are connected to the gas diversion channel. The three atomizing jet nozzles are respectively located at the free ends of the three confluence jet channels. Both the slurry drainage channel and the gas drainage channel are equipped with one-way valves.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the various manifestations include manifestation five: The media channels include one slurry media channel and one gas media channel; The atomizing spray unit includes one slurry diversion channel, one gas diversion channel, three transfer channels, three confluence spray channels, and three atomizing spray nozzles, wherein the atomizing spray nozzles are circular. The slurry medium channel is connected to the slurry drainage channel, and the gas medium channel is connected to the gas drainage channel; One end of each of the three transfer channels is connected to the slurry diversion channel, and the other end passes through the gas diversion channel and is connected to each of the confluence injection channels. The gas diversion channels are all connected to the three confluence injection channels. The transfer channels and the confluence injection channels are partially coaxially overlapped. Gas flows into the confluence injection channel from the annular channel formed by the two and is ejected from the three atomizing injection ports at the other end along with the slurry. A one-way valve is installed on the gas drainage channel.

[0018] Another technical solution adopted in this invention is a design method for a porous uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure, used to design the above-mentioned porous uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure, including the following steps: S1. Determine the configuration of the medium channels: Based on the construction pile diameter and the characteristics of the stratum, select the number and connection method of the grout medium channels and the gas medium channels. The grout medium channels and the gas medium channels are used to transport grout and high-pressure gas, respectively. S2. Design the composition of the atomizing spray unit: Based on the medium channel configuration in step S1, determine the number and connection relationship of the slurry diversion channel, gas diversion channel, transfer channel, confluence spray channel and atomizing spray port in the atomizing spray unit, so that the slurry diversion channel is connected to the slurry medium channel, the gas diversion channel is connected to the gas medium channel, the transfer channel connects the slurry diversion channel and the confluence spray channel, and the atomizing spray port is set at the free end of the confluence spray channel; S3. Calculate the flow area parameters: Set the cross-sectional area of ​​the atomizing nozzle opening as A1, the flow area of ​​the transition channel as A2, and the flow area of ​​the confluence jet channel as A3, ensuring that all three satisfy A1 < A2 + A3. Specifically, A1 of the circular atomizing nozzle... According to calculations, A1 of the flat slit atomizing nozzle is calculated as W×L; S4. Arrange atomizing nozzles: Along the length of the excavating wing plate, make the opening cross-sectional area distributed per unit length of the atomizing nozzles increase. The opening cross-sectional area distributed per unit length is S=ΔA1 / Δx, where Δx satisfies that from the connection point between the wing plate and the central drill pipe to the outer edge of the wing plate, any position x1<x2 corresponds to S(x1)<S(x2). S5. Select the form of expression: Based on the construction requirements, select the matching structural form from a variety of forms of expression that include multiple combinations of channel numbers, atomizing nozzle shapes and arrangements, and install one-way valves at the connection between the slurry drainage channel and the slurry medium channel or on the gas drainage channel.

[0019] This invention addresses the shortcomings of the prior art and has the following beneficial effects: This invention integrates a slurry medium channel and a gas medium channel within the drill bit's central rod, and sets up an atomizing spray unit on the excavation wing plate to achieve integrated operation of "excavation-atomizing spray-medium mixing". No additional external spraying device is required. The airflow carries the curing agent slurry and other fluids at high speed and sprays them out to collide and scour the in-situ soil within the radius. This causes the in-situ soil structure to be broken up, the soil clods to be crushed, and the cohesion between the broken soil or soil particles to be greatly weakened. The fluidity of the soil is significantly enhanced, which in turn greatly reduces the soil resistance when the drill bit rotates, advances, and is lifted.

[0020] Meanwhile, the slurry is directly mixed with high-pressure gas through the confluence jet channel, which can disperse it into tiny droplets. Compared with the traditional jetting method without gas assistance, the contact area between the slurry and the soil is greatly increased, thereby improving the uniformity of the curing agent dosage and avoiding the problem of insufficient local soil reinforcement.

[0021] In addition, the jetting structure has a variety of forms, and the number of channels and the arrangement of jetting units can be flexibly selected according to the construction pile diameter, stratum type, selected jetting drill bit and mixing process, so as to solve the technical pain point that a single structure is difficult to adapt to complex construction scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments; Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-port uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another structural form of the multi-port uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second manifestation of the multi-port uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three structural forms of the multi-port uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the four structural forms of the multi-port uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the five structural forms of the multi-port uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure of the preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a single-axis unidirectional rotary drill bit structure exhibiting the multi-orifice uniformly distributed atomizing jet structure of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a single-axis unidirectional rotary drill bit structure exhibiting the second form of the multi-orifice uniformly distributed atomizing jet structure of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-layer shear drill bit structure exhibiting the third form of the multi-port uniformly distributed atomizing jet structure of the present invention. Figure 10 This is another structural schematic diagram of the multi-layer shear drill bit that adopts the multi-port uniformly distributed atomizing jet structure of the present invention to represent the third form. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a dual-axis unidirectional rotary drill bit structure exhibiting the fourth form of the multi-orifice uniformly distributed atomizing jet structure of the present invention. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a three-axis unidirectional rotating drill bit structure exhibiting the fifth form of the multi-orifice uniformly distributed atomizing jet structure of the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Center drill pipe; 10. Medium channel; 101. Slurry medium channel; 102. Gas medium channel; 103. Check valve; 2. Atomizing injection unit; 20. Slurry diversion channel; 21. Gas diversion channel; 22. Transfer channel; 23. Converging injection channel; 24. Atomizing injection nozzle; 3. Cutting wing plate; 4. Stationary blade; 5. Agitating blade; 6. Drill pipe joint; 7. Cutting tooth. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or it can be fixed through another intermediate component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or it may be fixed through another intermediate component. When a component is said to be "set on" another component, it can be set directly on the other component or it may be set through another intermediate component. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0027] like Figure 1-6 As shown, a porous uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure includes: a drill bit center rod and a cutting wing plate 3. A medium channel 10 is provided inside the drill bit center rod, and an atomizing spray unit 2 is provided on the cutting wing plate 3. The atomizing spray unit 2 is connected to the medium channel 10. The medium channel 10 includes a slurry medium channel 101 and a gas medium channel 102, and the atomizing injection unit 2 includes a slurry diversion channel 20, a gas diversion channel 21, a transfer channel 22, a confluence injection channel 23, and an atomizing injection port 24. One end of the slurry diversion channel 20 is connected to the slurry medium channel 101, one end of the gas diversion channel 21 is connected to the gas medium channel 102, one end of the transition channel 22 is connected to the free end of the slurry diversion channel 20 or to the free end of the gas medium channel 102, and the other end of the transition channel 22 is connected to the confluence jet channel 23. The slurry is mixed with high-pressure gas through the confluence jet channel 23 and dispersed into tiny droplets, which are then ejected from the atomizing jet port 24.

[0028] By integrating the slurry medium channel 101 and the gas medium channel 102 inside the drill bit center rod, and setting the atomizing spray unit 2 on the excavation wing plate 3, the integrated operation of "excavation-atomizing spray-medium mixing" is realized. No additional external spraying device is required. The airflow carries the solidifying agent slurry and other fluids at high speed and sprays them out to collide and scour the in-situ soil within the radius. This causes the in-situ soil structure to be broken up, the soil blocks to be crushed, and the cohesion between the broken soil or soil particles to be greatly weakened. The fluidity of the soil is significantly enhanced, which in turn greatly reduces the soil resistance when the drill bit rotates, advances, and is lifted.

[0029] At the same time, the slurry is directly mixed with high-pressure gas through the confluence jet channel 23 and can be dispersed into tiny droplets. Compared with the traditional jetting method without gas assistance, the contact area between the slurry and the soil is greatly increased, thereby improving the uniformity of the curing agent dosage and avoiding the problem of insufficient local soil reinforcement.

[0030] The jetting structure has a variety of forms. The number of channels and the arrangement of jetting units can be flexibly selected according to the construction pile diameter, stratum type, selected jetting drill bit and mixing process, so as to solve the technical pain point that a single structure is difficult to adapt to complex construction scenarios.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the opening cross-sectional area of ​​the atomizing spray port 24 is A1, the flow area of ​​the transition channel 22 is A2, and the flow area of ​​the confluence spray channel 23 is A3. The three satisfy the relationship: A1 < A2 + A3.

[0032] During underground construction, the external soil pressure of the nozzle increases with depth. The design of A1 < A2 + A3 ensures that the pressure of the mixed medium in the confluence channel is always greater than the external soil pressure, forming positive pressure protection, which greatly reduces the nozzle blockage rate and reduces the number of construction interruptions.

[0033] Meanwhile, the total area of ​​A2 and A3 is greater than that of A1, which can ensure that the gas and slurry form a strong shear mixture and be fully atomized before reaching A1, thus avoiding the loss of local curing agent caused by the direct spraying of unmixed slurry.

[0034] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cross-sectional area of ​​the atomizing nozzle 24 distributed per unit length along the length of the excavation wing plate 3 tends to increase, which is beneficial for the opening area of ​​the grout nozzle to distribute the grout flow rate within the radius of the pile body, so as to achieve a uniform amount of solidified grout added at each point of the pile body cross section, and ultimately reduce the coefficient of variation of the solidified soil strength.

[0035] like Figure 1-2 As shown, manifestation 1: The medium channel 10 includes one slurry medium channel 101 and one gas medium channel 102. The atomizing injection unit 2 includes one slurry drainage channel 20, one gas drainage channel 21, three transfer channels 22, three confluent injection channels 23, and three atomizing injection ports 24. The atomizing injection ports 24 are circular structures. The slurry medium channel 101 is connected to the slurry drainage channel 20, and the gas medium channel 102 is connected to the gas drainage channel 21. One end of the three transfer channels 22 is connected to the gas drainage channel 21, and the other ends are respectively connected to the three confluent injection channels 23. The three confluent injection channels 23 are all connected to the slurry drainage channel 20. The three atomizing injection ports 24 are respectively arranged at the free ends of the three confluent injection channels 23. A check valve 103 is arranged at the connection between the gas drainage channel 21 and the gas medium channel 102.

[0036] Example 1 As Figure 7 shown, a unidirectional stirring and spraying drill bit adopting the first form of the multi-port evenly distributed atomizing injection structure of the present invention includes static blades 4, stirring wing plates, and a drill pipe joint 6. The diameter of the central rod is 110 mm, the length of the stirring wing plates is 295 mm, and the diameter of the stirring and spraying pile constructed by using this drill bit is 700 mm.

[0037] Along the extension direction of the excavation wing plate 3, the distances of the three atomizing injection ports 24 from the edge of the drill bit central rod are 50 mm, 150 mm, and 250 mm in sequence. The openings are circular, and the cross-sectional areas A1 increase to 200 、400 、600 in sequence. The flow-through areas A2 of the corresponding three transfer channels 22 are 600 and 600 and 600 in sequence. The flow-through areas A3 of the corresponding three confluent injection channels 23 are 150 、300 、450 in sequence. The relationship among the three is: A1 < A2 + A3. The outlet of the mixing cavity area becomes narrower, which is beneficial to further increasing the outlet pressure, increasing the slurry and gas flow velocities, enhancing the impact or scouring effect on the soil, facilitating uniform mixing, and at the same time preventing the external soil from flowing into the cavity.

[0038] The transverse length of the static blade 4 slightly exceeds the pile diameter by 25 mm - 3 mm, and it is arranged between two layers of stirring blades 5 and between the stirring blade 5 and the excavation blade layer, which is beneficial to forming a relative shearing effect between the stirring blade 5 and the static blade 4, and at the same time increasing the distance between the layers of the stirring blades 5 to prevent the soil from adhering to the drill bit and following it to rotate, affecting the stirring effect.

[0039] Usage method: S1. When the mixing pile machine starts construction, the drilling rig back-end begins to supply the curing material slurry, and at the same time, the air compressor is turned on to deliver compressed air. The slurry and air enter the medium channel 10 of the drill bit center rod respectively. The slurry flows into the slurry diversion channel 20 and the gas enters the gas diversion channel 21. The slurry is diverted again through the transfer channel 22. The gas and curing agent slurry merge in the confluence injection channel 23 and are normally atomized and sprayed out through the atomizing injection port 24. This indicates that the back-end supply is normal and there is no blockage in the channels, and the next step can be carried out.

[0040] S2. The drill bit begins to drill down, and the cutting teeth on the cutting blade 3 contact the soil, loosening it. Then, through the action of the cutting blade 3, it provides upward and forward forces to the soil in front of the blade, achieving further excavation and disturbance of the soil. At the same time, the atomizing nozzle 24 continuously sprays a mist-like slurry-gas mixture, impacting and refining the soil in front of the nozzle. In this way, the solidifying material slurry is evenly spread in the dispersed soil, making the soil more fluid. When the upper mixing blade 5 reaches the position of the slurry-mixed soil, it further mixes the soil containing slurry until it is uniform. When the drill bit reaches the pile bottom elevation, the pile body is already relatively uniformly mixed with the solidifying agent slurry and has undergone one mixing. Thus, the spraying and mixing construction is completed. S3. Turn off the slurry delivery in the background, and continue or stop the gas delivery. The drill bit will start to reverse and lift, and the cement and soil in the pile body will be stirred again, increasing the uniformity. When the drill bit is lifted off the ground, the mixing and spraying construction is completed. If necessary, the above steps can be repeated once to complete the two spraying and four mixing construction. After the construction is completed, the background pump will pump clean water to flush out the residual slurry or residue in the drill rod, drill bit center rod and grouting channel.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, manifestation form two: The medium channel 10 includes two slurry medium channels 101 and two gas medium channels 102. The atomizing injection unit 2 consists of two sets: an upper atomizing injection unit 2 and a lower atomizing injection unit 2. The two slurry medium channels 101 and the gas medium channels 102 are respectively connected to the upper atomizing injection unit 2 and the lower atomizing injection unit 2. The upper atomizing injection unit 2 and the lower atomizing injection unit 2 are respectively installed on the upper cutting flange 3 and the lower cutting flange 3 of the drill bit center rod. The upper atomizing injection unit 2 includes one slurry drainage channel 20, one gas drainage channel 21, and two connecting channels. The system includes a channel 22, two confluence jet channels 23, and two atomizing jet nozzles 24. The slurry medium channel 101 is connected to the slurry diversion channel 20, and the gas medium channel 102 is connected to the gas diversion channel 21. One end of each of the two transition channels 22 is connected to the gas diversion channel 21, and the other end is connected to each of the two confluence jet channels 23. Both of the two confluence jet channels 23 are connected to the slurry diversion channel 20. The two atomizing jet nozzles 24 are respectively located at the free ends of the two confluence jet channels 23. A one-way valve 103 is provided at the connection between the gas diversion channel 21 and the gas medium channel 102.

[0042] The lower atomizing injection unit 2 includes a slurry diversion channel 20, a gas diversion channel 21, a transfer channel 22, a confluence injection channel 23, and an atomizing injection port 24. The slurry medium channel 101 is connected to the slurry diversion channel 20, the gas medium channel 102 is connected to the gas diversion channel 21, one end of the transfer channel 22 is connected to the slurry diversion channel 20, and the other end is connected to the confluence injection channel 23. The confluence injection channel 23 is connected to the gas diversion channel 21. The atomizing injection port 24 is respectively located at the free end of the confluence injection channel 23. A one-way valve 103 is provided at the connection between the slurry diversion channel 20 and the slurry medium channel 101.

[0043] Example 2 like Figure 8 As shown, a unidirectional large-diameter jet grouting drill bit employing the second manifestation of the multi-port uniformly distributed atomizing jet structure of this invention includes stationary blades 4, stirring blades, drill rod joints 6, and cutting teeth 7. The cutting blades 3 of the upper atomizing jet unit 2 are straight plates located on the upper layer, while the cutting blades 3 of the lower atomizing jet unit 2 are spiral plates located on the lower layer. The diameter of the central rod is 180mm, the length of the stirring blades is 660mm, and the diameter of the jet grouting pile constructed using this drill bit is 1500mm.

[0044] Along the extension direction of the upper straight-plate type cutting flange 3, the distances of the two atomizing injection nozzles 24 from the edge of the drill bit center rod are 330mm and 550mm respectively, and the opening cross-sectional area A1 increases to 450mm. 700 The current-carrying areas A2 of the two corresponding transition channels 22 are 700 respectively. 、1100 , the flow - through areas A3 of the corresponding two confluent injection channels 23 are 330 、490 .

[0045] The distance from the atomizing injection port 24 located below the lower - layer spiral excavation wing plate 3 to the edge of the drill bit center rod is 110 mm, and the opening cross - sectional area A1 is 250 , the flow - through area A2 of the transfer channel 22 is 390 , the flow - through area A3 of the confluent injection channel 23 is 180 , all of A1, A2, and A3 satisfy the relationship: A1 < A2 + A3. The narrowing of the outlet of the mixing cavity area is beneficial to further increase the outlet pressure, increase the slurry and gas flow rates, enhance the impact or scouring effect on the soil body, facilitate uniform mixing, and at the same time prevent the external soil body from flowing into the cavity.

[0046] The transverse length of the stationary blade 4 slightly exceeds the pile diameter by 25 mm - 30 mm, and it is arranged between two layers of stirring blades 5 and between the stirring blade 5 and the excavation blade layer. It is beneficial to form a relative shearing effect between the stirring blade 5 and the stationary blade 4, and at the same time widen the layer spacing of the stirring blade 5 to prevent the soil body from adhering to the drill bit and rotating along with it, affecting the stirring effect.

[0047] The usage method of the unidirectional large - diameter stirring and spraying drill bit with this multi - port uniformly distributed atomizing injection structure is the same as that in Embodiment 1, and will not be elaborated here. It should be noted that: the actions of the two groups of atomizing injection units 2 should be kept consistent.

[0048] As Figure 4 shown, manifestation three: The medium channel 10 includes 1 slurry medium channel 101 and two gas medium channels 102. The atomizing injection unit 2 is in two groups, which are respectively arranged on the excavation wing plates 3 on both sides of the drill bit center rod. The atomizing injection unit 2 includes two slurry drainage channels 20, two gas drainage channels 21, four transfer channels 22, four confluent injection channels 23, and four atomizing injection ports 24. The slurry medium channel 101 is of a Y - type structure. The two slurry drainage channels 20 are respectively connected to the two free ends of the Y - type structure. The two gas medium channels 102 are respectively connected to the two gas drainage channels 21. One end of the four transfer channels 22 is connected to the two slurry drainage channels 20, and the other end is respectively connected to the four confluent injection channels 23. The four confluent injection channels 23 are respectively connected to the two gas drainage channels 21 in a 2 - 1 corresponding manner. The four atomizing injection ports 24 are respectively arranged at the free ends of the four confluent injection channels 23. Check valves 103 are arranged at the joints of the two slurry drainage channels 20 and the two slurry medium channels 101.

[0049] Embodiment 3 As shown Figure 9-10 in the figure, a bidirectional cross-shearing and stirring jet bit adopting the third morphological form of the multi-port evenly distributed atomizing jet structure of the present invention includes stirring wing plates and a drill pipe joint 6. The cutting wing plates 3 included in the two atomizing jet units 2 are both straight plates and are respectively located on both sides of the drill bit center rod. The stirring wing plates are divided into horizontal stirring wing plates and vertical stirring wing plates. Under the respective drives of the inner and outer drill pipes, a cross-shearing effect is formed between the stirring wing plates. The atomizing injectors included in the two atomizing jet units 2 are respectively located on the side close to the drill bit center rod and on the side far from the drill bit center rod. The diameter of the center rod is 180 mm, the length of the stirring wing plates is 660 mm, and the diameter of the stirring jet pile constructed by using this drill bit is 1500 mm.

[0050] Along the extension direction of the upper-layer straight plate-shaped cutting wing plate 3, the distances of the two atomizing jet ports 24 on the side far from the drill bit center rod from the edge of the drill bit center rod are 410 mm and 580 mm in sequence, and the opening cross-sectional areas A1 increase to 420 and 630 in sequence. The flow-through areas A2 of the corresponding two transfer channels 22 are 590 and 900 in sequence. The flow-through areas A3 of the corresponding two confluence jet channels 23 are 300 and 450 in sequence. The distances of the two atomizing jet ports 24 on the side far from the drill bit center rod from the edge of the drill bit center rod are 80 mm and 250 mm in sequence, and the opening cross-sectional areas A1 are 100 and 250 in sequence. The flow-through areas A2 of the transfer channels 22 are 150 and 360 in sequence. The flow-through areas A3 of the confluence jet channels 23 are 70 and 180 in sequence. All of A1, A2, and A3 satisfy the relationship: A1 < A2 + A3. The outlet of the mixing cavity area becomes narrower, which is beneficial to further increasing the outlet pressure, increasing the slurry and gas flow velocities, enhancing the impact or scouring effect on the soil body, facilitating uniform mixing, and at the same time preventing the external soil body from flowing into the cavity.

[0051] The transverse length of the stationary blade 4 slightly exceeds the pile diameter by 25 mm - 30 mm, and it is arranged between two layers of stirring blades 5 and between the stirring blade 5 and the cutting blade layer. It is beneficial to form a relative shearing effect between the stirring blade 5 and the stationary blade 4, and at the same time widen the layer spacing of the stirring blades 5 to prevent the soil body from adhering to the drill bit and rotating along with it, affecting the stirring effect.

[0052] The usage method of the unidirectional large-diameter stirring jet bit applying the multi-port evenly distributed atomizing jet structure is the same as that in Embodiment 1, and will not be elaborated here. It should be noted that: the actions of the two atomizing jet units 2 should be kept consistent.

[0053] As Figure 5 shown, Form IV of the performance morphology: The medium channel 10 includes one slurry medium channel 101 and one gas medium channel 102. The atomizing injection unit 2 includes one slurry drainage channel 20, one gas drainage channel 21, three transfer channels 22, three confluent injection channels 23, and three atomizing injection ports 24. The atomizing injection ports 24 are of flat slit structure. The slurry medium channel 101 is connected to the slurry drainage channel 20, and the gas medium channel 102 is connected to the gas drainage channel 21. One end of the three transfer channels 22 is connected to the slurry drainage channel 20, and the other ends are respectively connected to the three confluent injection channels 23. The three confluent injection channels 23 are all connected to the gas drainage channel 21. The three atomizing injection ports 24 are respectively arranged at the free ends of the three confluent injection channels 23. Check valves 103 are arranged on both the slurry drainage channel 20 and the gas drainage channel 21.

[0054] Example 4 As Figure 11 shown, a double-shaft stirring and spraying drill bit adopting Form IV of the multi-port evenly distributed atomizing injection structure of the present invention includes static blades 4, stirring wing plates, and a drill pipe joint 6. The atomizing injectors are all located under the excavation wing plates 3 on one side of the drill bit central rod. The static blades 4 are fixed on the two drill bit central rods in a double-shaft connection manner. The installation height of each layer of stirring wing plates on the two drill bit central rods is the same. There is a certain overlapping area in the rotation coverage range, and the overlapping width is 200 mm. When initially installed, a certain angle needs to be staggered to prevent rotation collision. The diameter of the central rod is 110 mm, the length of the stirring wing plates is 370 mm, and the diameter of the stirring and spraying pile constructed by using this drill bit is 850 mm.

[0055] Along the extension direction of the excavation wing plates 3, the distances of the three atomizing injection ports 24 from the edge of the drill bit central rod are 60 mm, 190 mm, and 3100 mm in sequence. The openings are circular, and the cross-sectional areas A1 increase in sequence to 200 , 400 , 600 . The corresponding cross-sectional areas A2 of the three transfer channels 22 are 300 , 600 , 900 in sequence. The corresponding cross-sectional areas A3 of the three confluent injection channels 23 are 150 , 300 , 450 in sequence. The relationship among the three is: A1 < A2 + A3. The outlet of the mixing chamber area becomes narrower, which is beneficial to further increasing the outlet pressure, increasing the slurry and gas flow velocities, enhancing the impact or scouring effect on the soil, facilitating uniform mixing, and at the same time preventing external soil from flowing into the chamber.

[0056] The stationary blade 4 is positioned between the two layers of mixing blades 5 and between the mixing blades 5 and the excavating blade layer. This facilitates a relative shearing effect between the mixing blades 5 and the stationary blade 4, while also increasing the spacing between the mixing blades 5 layers to prevent soil from adhering to the drill bit and affecting the mixing effect.

[0057] The method of using the dual-axis stirring jet drill bit with this multi-port uniform atomization jet structure is the same as in Example 1, and will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the rotation speed of the left and right drill bits must be consistent.

[0058] like Figure 6 As shown, manifestation form five: The medium channel 10 includes a slurry medium channel 101 and a gas medium channel 102. The atomizing injection unit 2 includes a slurry diversion channel 20, a gas diversion channel 21, three transition channels 22, three confluence injection channels 23, and three atomizing injection ports 24. The atomizing injection ports 24 are circular. The slurry medium channel 101 is connected to the slurry diversion channel 20, and the gas medium channel 102 is connected to the gas diversion channel 21. One end of each of the three transition channels 22 is connected to the slurry diversion channel 20, and the other end passes through the gas diversion channel 21 and is connected to each of the confluence injection channels 23. All gas diversion channels 21 are connected to the three confluence injection channels 23. The transition channels 22 and the confluence injection channels 23 are partially coaxially overlapped. Gas flows into the confluence injection channel 23 from the annular channel formed by the two and is ejected from the three atomizing injection ports 24 at the other end along with the slurry. A one-way valve 103 is provided on the gas diversion channel 21.

[0059] Example 5 like Figure 12 As shown, a triaxial jet grouting drill bit employing the multi-orifice uniformly distributed atomizing jet structure of the present invention (Form 5) includes a mixing blade, a drill rod joint 6, and atomizing jets located below the cutting blade 3 on one side of the drill bit's central rod. The mixing blades on the three central rods are installed at staggered heights to prevent rotational collisions. Adjacent mixing blades have overlapping areas during rotation, with an overlap width of 200mm. The central rod diameter is 110mm, the mixing blade length is 370mm, and the diameter of the jet grouting pile constructed using this drill bit is 850mm.

[0060] The other features of this drill bit are basically the same as those in Example 4, and its usage method is the same as that in Example 1, so they will not be described in detail again.

[0061] Another technical solution adopted in this invention is a design method for a porous uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure, used to design the above-mentioned porous uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure, including the following steps: S1. Determine the configuration of the medium channel 10: Based on the construction pile diameter and stratum characteristics, select the quantity and connection method of the grout medium channel 101 and the gas medium channel 102. The grout medium channel 101 and the gas medium channel 102 are used to transport grout and high-pressure gas, respectively. S2. Design the composition of the atomizing spray unit 2: Based on the configuration of the medium channel 10 in step S1, determine the number and connection relationship of the slurry diversion channel 20, gas diversion channel 21, transfer channel 22, confluence spray channel 23 and atomizing spray port 24 in the atomizing spray unit 2, so that the slurry diversion channel 20 is connected to the slurry medium channel 101, the gas diversion channel 21 is connected to the gas medium channel 102, the transfer channel 22 connects the slurry diversion channel 20 and the confluence spray channel 23, and the atomizing spray port 24 is set at the free end of the confluence spray channel 23; S3. Calculate the flow area parameters: Set the opening cross-sectional area of ​​the atomizing nozzle 24 as A1, the flow area of ​​the transition channel 22 as A2, and the flow area of ​​the confluence injection channel 23 as A3, ensuring that all three satisfy A1 < A2 + A3. Wherein, A1 of the circular atomizing nozzle 24 is calculated as follows: The calculation of A1 for the flat slit atomizing nozzle 24 is based on W×L; S4. Arrange the atomizing nozzles 24: Along the length of the excavating wing plate 3, make the opening cross-sectional area distributed within the unit length of the atomizing nozzles 24 increase. The opening cross-sectional area distributed per unit length is S=ΔA1 / Δx. Δx satisfies that from the connection point between the wing plate and the central drill rod 1 to the outer edge of the wing plate, any position x1<x2 corresponds to S(x1)<S(x2). S5. Select the form of expression: According to the construction requirements, select the matching structural form from a variety of forms of expression including multiple combinations of channel quantity, shape and arrangement of atomizing nozzle 24, and install a one-way valve 103 at the connection between slurry diversion channel 20 and slurry medium channel 101 or on gas diversion channel 21.

[0062] This design method ensures uniform gas-liquid mixing within the merging channel by limiting the diameter ratio of each channel. At the same time, the coaxial overlap design of the transition channel 22 with the merging channel (such as the annular gas channel in form five) reduces the local resistance coefficient of the fluid and avoids pressure loss caused by improper channel connection angles. This modular collaborative design ensures technical compatibility of each unit component in the fluid transport and mixing process.

[0063] Based on the relationship between A1, A2, and A3, A1 < A2 + A3: For a circular nozzle, the formula A1 = To ensure a stable outlet flow rate, for flat-slit nozzles, A1=W×L ensures a consistent spray coverage width. At the same time, the outlet of the mixing chamber area narrows when A1<A2+A3, which helps to further increase the outlet pressure, increase the slurry and gas flow rate, enhance the impact or scouring effect on the soil, facilitate uniform mixing, and prevent external soil from rushing into the chamber.

[0064] The per-unit-length distributed opening cross-sectional area S = ΔA1 / Δx satisfies that from the connection point between the flange and the central drill rod 1 to the outer edge of the flange, for any position x1 < x2, S(x1) < S(x2), thus achieving radial matching of "grout supply - soil reinforcement demand": the soil near the center (x≤100mm) is subjected to strong shearing action from the drill rod, so the S value is designed to be smaller to avoid grout accumulation. The soil in the edge area is under critical stress, so the S value is designed to be 2 to 4 times that of the center area to ensure sufficient grout to enhance strength.

[0065] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These are all equivalent modifications and improvements made to the above embodiments based on the essential technology of the present invention, and all of these fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A porous uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure, comprising: The drill bit center rod and the cutting flange are characterized in that a medium channel is provided inside the drill bit center rod, and an atomizing spray unit is provided on the cutting flange, wherein the atomizing spray unit is connected to the medium channel; The medium channel includes a slurry medium channel and a gas medium channel, and the atomizing injection unit includes a slurry diversion channel, a gas diversion channel, a transfer channel, a confluence injection channel, and an atomizing injection port; One end of the slurry diversion channel is connected to the slurry medium channel, one end of the gas diversion channel is connected to the gas medium channel, one end of the transfer channel is connected to the free end of the slurry diversion channel or the free end of the gas medium channel, and the other end of the transfer channel is connected to the confluence injection channel; The atomizing nozzle is located at the free end of the confluence jet channel and below the excavating wing plate. The slurry is mixed with high-pressure gas through the confluence jet channel and dispersed into tiny droplets, which are then ejected from the atomizing nozzle below the excavating wing plate. The jetting structure has various forms.

2. The porous uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the atomizing nozzle is A1, the flow area of ​​the transition channel is A2, and the flow area of ​​the confluence jet channel is A3. The three satisfy the relationship: A1 < A2 + A3.

3. The porous uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the atomizing nozzle distributed per unit length along the length of the excavating wing plate shows an increasing trend.

4. The porous uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The various manifestations include manifestation one: The media channels include one slurry media channel and one gas media channel; The atomizing spray unit includes one slurry diversion channel, one gas diversion channel, three transfer channels, three confluence spray channels, and three atomizing spray nozzles, wherein the atomizing spray nozzles are circular. The slurry medium channel is connected to the slurry drainage channel, and the gas medium channel is connected to the gas drainage channel; One end of each of the three transfer channels is connected to the gas diversion channel, and the other end is connected to each of the three confluence jet channels. All three confluence jet channels are connected to the slurry diversion channel. The three atomizing jets are respectively located at the free ends of the three confluence jet channels. A one-way valve is provided at the connection between the gas diversion channel and the gas medium channel.

5. The porous uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The various manifestations mentioned include manifestation two: The medium channels include two slurry medium channels and two gas medium channels; The atomizing injection unit consists of two sets, namely an upper atomizing injection unit and a lower atomizing injection unit. The two slurry medium channels and gas medium channels are respectively connected to the upper atomizing injection unit and the lower atomizing injection unit. The upper atomizing injection unit and the lower atomizing injection unit are respectively installed on the upper cutting flange and the lower cutting flange of the drill bit center rod. The upper atomizing spray unit includes one slurry diversion channel, one gas diversion channel, two transfer channels, two confluence spray channels, and two atomizing spray ports; The slurry medium channel is connected to the slurry drainage channel, and the gas medium channel is connected to the gas drainage channel; One end of each of the two transfer channels is connected to the gas medium channel, and the other end is connected to each of the two confluence jet channels. Both of the two confluence jet channels are connected to the slurry diversion channel. The two atomizing jets are respectively located at the free ends of the two confluence jet channels. A one-way valve is provided at the connection between the gas diversion channel and the gas medium channel.

6. The porous uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lower atomizing spray unit includes a slurry diversion channel, a gas diversion channel, a transfer channel, a confluence spray channel, and an atomizing spray port; The slurry medium channel is connected to the slurry drainage channel, and the gas medium channel is connected to the gas drainage channel; One of the transfer channels is connected at one end to the slurry diversion channel, and at the other end to one of the confluence jet channels. Each of the confluence jet channels is connected to the gas diversion channel. The atomizing jet nozzles are respectively located at the free ends of the confluence jet channels. A one-way valve is provided at the connection between the slurry diversion channel and the slurry medium channel.

7. The porous uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The various manifestations include manifestation three: The medium channels include one slurry medium channel and two gas medium channels; The atomizing injection unit consists of two sets, which are respectively installed on the cutting wing plates on both sides of the drill bit center rod. The atomizing injection unit includes two slurry diversion channels, two gas diversion channels, four transfer channels, four confluence injection channels, and four atomizing injection ports. The slurry medium channel has a Y-shaped structure, and the two slurry drainage channels are respectively connected to the two free ends of the Y-shaped structure. The two gas medium channels are respectively connected to the two gas drainage channels. One end of each of the four transfer channels is connected to one of the two slurry diversion channels, and the other end is connected to one of the four confluence jet channels respectively. The four confluence jet channels are connected to the two gas diversion channels in a 2-1 correspondence. The four atomizing jet nozzles are respectively located at the free ends of the four confluence jet channels. One-way valves are installed at the connection points between the two slurry drainage channels and the two slurry medium channels.

8. The porous uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The various manifestations include manifestation four: The media channels include one slurry media channel and one gas media channel; The atomizing spray unit includes one slurry diversion channel, one gas diversion channel, three transfer channels, three confluence spray channels, and three atomizing spray nozzles, wherein the atomizing spray nozzles have a flat slit structure. The slurry medium channel is connected to the slurry drainage channel, and the gas medium channel is connected to the gas drainage channel; One end of each of the three transfer channels is connected to the slurry diversion channel, and the other end is connected to each of the three confluence jet channels. All three confluence jet channels are connected to the gas diversion channel. The three atomizing jet nozzles are respectively located at the free ends of the three confluence jet channels. Both the slurry drainage channel and the gas drainage channel are equipped with one-way valves.

9. The porous uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The various manifestations include manifestation five: The media channels include one slurry media channel and one gas media channel; The atomizing spray unit includes one slurry diversion channel, one gas diversion channel, three transfer channels, three confluence spray channels, and three atomizing spray nozzles, wherein the atomizing spray nozzles are circular. The slurry medium channel is connected to the slurry drainage channel, and the gas medium channel is connected to the gas drainage channel; One end of each of the three transfer channels is connected to the slurry diversion channel, and the other end passes through the gas diversion channel and is connected to each of the confluence injection channels. The gas diversion channels are all connected to the three confluence injection channels. The transfer channels and the confluence injection channels are partially coaxially overlapped. Gas flows into the confluence injection channel from the annular channel formed by the two and is ejected from the three atomizing injection ports at the other end along with the slurry. A one-way valve is installed on the gas drainage channel.

10. A design method for a porous uniformly distributed atomizing spray structure, characterized in that: The method for designing the porous uniform atomizing spray structure according to any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: S1. Determine the configuration of the medium channels: Based on the construction pile diameter and the characteristics of the stratum, select the number and connection method of the grout medium channels and the gas medium channels. The grout medium channels and the gas medium channels are used to transport grout and high-pressure gas, respectively. S2. Design the composition of the atomizing spray unit: Based on the medium channel configuration in step S1, determine the number and connection relationship of the slurry diversion channel, gas diversion channel, transfer channel, confluence spray channel and atomizing spray port in the atomizing spray unit, so that the slurry diversion channel is connected to the slurry medium channel, the gas diversion channel is connected to the gas medium channel, the transfer channel connects the slurry diversion channel and the confluence spray channel, and the atomizing spray port is set at the free end of the confluence spray channel; S3. Calculate the flow area parameters: Set the cross-sectional area of ​​the atomizing nozzle opening as A1, the flow area of ​​the transition channel as A2, and the flow area of ​​the confluence jet channel as A3, ensuring that all three satisfy A1 < A2 + A3. Wherein, A1 of the circular atomizing nozzle is calculated as follows: The calculation of A1 for the flat slit atomizing nozzle is based on W×L; S4. Arrange atomizing nozzles: Along the length of the excavating wing plate, make the opening cross-sectional area distributed per unit length of the atomizing nozzles increase. The opening cross-sectional area distributed per unit length is S=ΔA1 / Δx, where Δx satisfies that from the connection point between the wing plate and the central drill pipe to the outer edge of the wing plate, any position x1<x2 corresponds to S(x1)<S(x2). S5. Select the form of expression: Based on the construction requirements, select the matching structural form from a variety of forms of expression that include multiple combinations of channel numbers, atomizing nozzle shapes and arrangements, and install one-way valves at the connection between the slurry drainage channel and the slurry medium channel or on the gas drainage channel.

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