Modularized hoisting in-place construction method for large fan blade under complex terrain

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fan blade hoisting processes, and discloses a modular hoisting in-place construction method for large fan blades under complex terrains, and the modular hoisting in-place construction method comprises the following steps: S1, a construction preparation stage, S2, a hoisting implementation stage and S3, an acceptance and retreating stage. The problem that fan blades are difficult to adjust in a traditional process is solved by designing and optimizing a modular lifting appliance and combining with targeted research of a lifting scheme, rapid and safe in-position of the blades under the complex terrain is achieved, meanwhile, it is ensured that the lifting process technology conforms to the safety and reliability of a design structure, and the fan blade in-position adjusting method is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. And the process quality control requirement is met, and the adaptation blank of a large fan blade hoisting technology in a complex environment is filled.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fan blade hoisting process, in particular to a large fan blade modular hoisting and positioning construction method under complex terrain. BACKGROUND

[0002] The current traditional fan blade hoisting process has obvious shortcomings and is difficult to adapt to the construction requirements under complex terrain: on the one hand, the traditional process is relatively extensive in hoisting site planning, lacks targeted geological parameter design and adaptability measures, is prone to foundation settlement problems, and lacks reliable wind protection in the face of windy environment, not only increases the construction burden, but also easily causes safety accidents; on the other hand, the traditional lifting appliance is of fixed specification and cannot flexibly adapt to large fan blades of different weights and lengths, resulting in difficult blade adjustment and positioning, low construction efficiency, and serious waste of mechanical and human resources.

[0003] In addition, the traditional construction process lacks standardized quality control and risk control mechanism, the construction period efficiency cannot meet the design and contract requirements of large wind power projects, and the effective control of project cost is also impossible, which restricts the competitiveness of enterprises in the field of wind power industry, so a safer, faster and more adaptable large fan blade hoisting method is urgently needed. SUMMARY

[0004] (I) Technical problems solved In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a large fan blade modular hoisting and positioning construction method under complex terrain, which has the advantages of realizing the rapid and safe positioning of blades under complex terrain, ensuring that the hoisting process technology meets the safety and reliability of the design structure, meeting the process quality control requirements, filling the adaptive gap of large fan blade hoisting technology under complex environment, and solving the problem that the traditional process is difficult to adapt to the construction requirements under complex terrain: on the one hand, the traditional process is relatively extensive in hoisting site planning, lacks targeted geological parameter design and adaptability measures, is prone to foundation settlement problems, and lacks reliable wind protection in the face of windy environment, not only increases the construction burden, but also easily causes safety accidents.

[0005] (II) Technical solutions To achieve the above-mentioned realization of the complex terrain under the blade of the fast and safe in place, while ensuring the lifting process technology meets the design structure safety and reliability, meet the process quality control requirements, fill the complex environment under the large fan blade hoisting technology adaptation blank purposes, the present application provides the following technical scheme: complex terrain under the large fan blade modular hoisting in place construction method, including S1 construction preparation stage, S2 hoisting implementation stage and S3 acceptance and retreat stage, the S1 construction preparation stage includes S101 site modularization survey and planning, S102 modularization site zoning design, S103 approach road modularization reinforcement, S104 blade and lifting appliance modularization adaptation design, S105 intelligent modularization lifting appliance research and development, S106 lifting appliance load modularization test, S107 machinery and personnel modularization configuration and S108 personnel modularization division of labor; Among them, S2 hoisting implementation stage includes S201 blade modularization transfer and storage, S202 modularization test hoisting process, S203 problem modularization disposal and S204 blade modularization in place construction; Among them, S3 acceptance and retreat stage includes S301 modularization acceptance and S302 machinery and site modularization retreat.

[0006] Preferably, the S101 site modularization survey and planning: Three-dimensional terrain scanning and parameter collection; The unmanned aerial vehicle three-dimensional laser scanning technology is used for full domain scanning of the hoisting site and approach road, and a 1:500 precision terrain model is generated, and the terrain slope (≤5° is required, and a stepped leveling area is planned when the limit is exceeded), the foundation bearing capacity (1 point is detected every 10 square meters by using a light dynamic sounding instrument, and the requirement is ≥180kPa), and the surrounding obstacle coordinates (such as gullies and boulders, a safety distance database is established) are collected.

[0007] Preferably, the S102 modularization site zoning design: The site is divided into "hoisting operation area, blade storage area, mechanical parking area" three modules, a prefabricated concrete modular roadbed plate (size 3m×2m×0.3m, single block bearing capacity ≥500kN) is laid in the operation area, the tenon and mortise structure is quickly spliced, the problem of uneven settlement of foundation is solved, and in view of the strong wind environment (reference to the annual wind speed data of Yamanusu Town, Hami City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region), a detachable windbreak module (height 8m, wind resistance level ≥12) is arranged around the operation area.

[0008] Preferably, the S103 approach road modularization reinforcement: According to the transport vehicle load (calculated according to the maximum fan blade transport weight of 50t), the "graded gravel + steel plate modular pavement" scheme is adopted for the approach road: a 30cm thick graded gravel is laid as the base layer, and a 20mm thick patterned steel plate is used for the surface layer. Modular splicing is adopted, anti-skid strips and limiting buckles are arranged on each section of steel plate to ensure the stability of vehicle passing.

[0009] Preferably, the S104 blade is modularly matched with the lifting device: Blade parameter modularization; A blade database is established, including blade length (such as 85m for a 10MW fan blade), weight distribution (15t for the blade root and 3t for the blade tip), gravity center coordinates, and lifting node strength parameters, which are used to simulate the blade lifting posture through BIM modeling.

[0010] Preferably, the S105 intelligent modular lifting device is developed: A "double-lifting-point adjustable modular lifting device" is designed: the main lifting device is made of high-strength alloy steel (yield strength ≥345MPa), including a blade root lifting device module (hydraulic automatic locking device, suitable for different diameter blade roots) and a blade tip auxiliary lifting device module (telescopic lifting frame, adjustment range 0-5m); the lifting device is equipped with built-in force sensors and inclination sensors to monitor the lifting load (accuracy ±1%) and blade inclination (control deviation ≤1°) in real time, and the data is synchronized to the ground monitoring terminal.

[0011] Preferably, the S106 lifting device load modular test: Static load test of the lifting device is carried out in the prefabrication site: 3 levels of loading (50%, 100%, and 120% of the design load) are applied, each level is held for 30 minutes, and the deformation of the lifting device is monitored (required to be ≤L / 1000, L is the span of the lifting device); dynamic test simulates the blade lifting and rotating conditions to verify the stability of the lifting device under the condition of wind speed ≤8m / s.

[0012] Preferably, the S107 mechanical and personnel modular configuration: Modular selection of lifting machinery; According to the blade weight and lifting radius (≥50m operating radius is required for an 85m blade), a 400t full ground crane (with super-lifting device) is selected as the main lifting machinery, and modular counterweights (each 20t, which can be combined as needed) are provided; the auxiliary machinery selects a 50t truck crane to be responsible for the blade turning over, ensuring that the mechanical combination meets the "lifting weight ≥1.2 times the blade weight" safety factor; S108 personnel modular division of labor: The "command group, operation group, monitoring group, and support group" four modular groups are formed: the command group is responsible for issuing lifting instructions by a senior engineer (such as Xie Liang); the operation group includes crane drivers and signal workers (with special operation certificates); the monitoring group is responsible for real-time monitoring of wind speed, sling load, and blade attitude; and the support group is responsible for emergency maintenance of machinery and adjustment of windproof measures.

[0013] Preferably, the S201 blade modular transportation and storage: Blade transportation is modularly fixed; The transportation vehicle adopts a hydraulic adjustable modular bracket, a 30mm thick rubber buffer layer is provided between the blade and the bracket, the blade is fixed by multiple nylon lifting belts (safety factor ≥6), the blade vibration value (control ≤0.1g) is monitored in real time during transportation to avoid damage to the blade; The storage area is modularly protected; The blade storage adopts an "inclined modular support" (inclination angle 15°, with wear-resistant pad blocks at the contact points with the ground), adjustable limiting rods are provided on both sides of the support, and a rain and dust proof cover is provided on the top, the blade deflection is checked daily during storage (requirement ≤L / 500); S202 modular test lifting process: No-load debugging; The crane completes 360° rotation and amplitude action in no-load state, and the mechanical operation state is checked; the sling is lifted in no-load state, and the accuracy of the sensor data is verified (the zero error of the force sensor is ≤0.5kN); Load test lifting; The "staged lifting" mode is adopted: first lift the blade 30cm away from the ground, hold for 5min, check the sling locking state and ground settlement (use a level to monitor, settlement ≤2cm); then lift to a height of 10m, complete 30° rotation, amplitude action, simulate the in-place path, and record the wind speed (requirement ≤6m / s), sling load and blade inclination angle data at each stage; S203 modular problem handling: If the sling is unbalanced (load deviation >5%) during test lifting, adjust the extension of the blade tip sling; if the ground settlement exceeds the standard, stop the operation immediately and add a modular roadbed plate; S204 blade modular in-place construction: Lifting stage; The main lifting machine smoothly lifts the blade from the storage rack, and the auxiliary crane cooperates to turn over; when the blade is in a vertical state, the auxiliary sling is removed; the monitoring group feeds back the wind speed in real time (updated once every 30s) during lifting, and the lifting is stopped immediately and the blade is temporarily fixed when the wind speed ≥10m / s; Translation and positioning stage; The blades are moved to the wind turbine hub by the luffing and rotation of the crane. The blade attitude is adjusted by the tilt sensor of the lifting device (the perpendicularity deviation with the hub flange surface is ≤0.5°). The command group coordinates with the operation group through walkie-talkie, and stops every 5m to check the change of the lifting device load. Precision matching phase; When the blade approaches the hub, a "micro-motion control" mode is adopted (crane operation accuracy ≤50mm), and technicians use a laser alignment instrument to assist in the alignment. After the blade root is in contact with the hub flange surface, the positioning pins are immediately installed (using a hydraulic synchronous installation tool to ensure that 4 positioning pins are inserted at the same time), and then the connecting bolts are symmetrically tightened (tightened in 3 stages, with the final torque meeting the design requirements).

[0014] Preferably, the S301 modular acceptance: Technical parameter acceptance; Check the blade tilt angle after positioning (deviation ≤1°), the torque of the connecting bolts (randomly inspect 10% of the bolts, with a pass rate of 100%), and the data recorded by the lifting device sensors (no overload or off-center load records). Appearance and environmental inspection; The blade surface was found to be undamaged, the modular components of the site were not deformed, and the temporary windbreak facilities were in good condition. S302 Modular Decommissioning of Machinery and Site: Mechanical unloading; The cranes were removed from the site in the order of "main crane first, then auxiliary crane." After the lifting equipment was disassembled, it was cleaned and maintained (rust inhibitor was applied), and then stored in modular toolboxes according to their categories. Site restoration; Remove windbreaks and modular roadbed components, and recycle them in categories (recycling rate ≥95%); backfill the work area with earthwork to restore the original terrain of the site.

[0015] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with existing technologies, this invention provides a modular hoisting and placement method for large wind turbine blades in complex terrain, which has the following advantages: 1. The modular hoisting and positioning method for large wind turbine blades in complex terrain addresses industry pain points and improves technical adaptability, effectively overcoming the challenges of blade adjustment and positioning in complex environments. Through modular hoisting tool design and optimization, combined with targeted research on hoisting schemes, the method solves the problem of difficult wind turbine blade adjustment in traditional processes, achieving rapid and safe positioning of blades in complex terrain. At the same time, it ensures that the hoisting process meets the safety and reliability requirements of the design structure and satisfies process quality control requirements, filling the gap in adaptability of large wind turbine blade hoisting technology in complex environments. Promote the standardization and replicability of construction technology: This method forms a set of standardized hoisting technical processes suitable for complex terrain by sorting out and standardizing key links such as hoisting site design, blade assembly and positioning, and on-site construction quality control. It can not only be directly applied to wind power projects, but also provide replicable technical reference for subsequent similar complex terrain wind power projects, helping to improve the overall wind power construction technology.

[0016] 2. The modular hoisting and positioning construction method for large wind turbine blades in complex terrain can reduce costs and increase efficiency, improve project benefits, and significantly reduce project costs. Through optimization of lifting tools, improvement of tools, and continuous operation design of construction processes, redundant processes and resource waste are reduced, effectively reducing labor consumption and comprehensive equipment rental costs. According to the 600MW wind farm calculation, the comprehensive cost of the project can be saved, meeting the technical and economic indicators of the project "economic cost meets expectations", while increasing project benefits, providing an advantage for the company's cost competition in the wind power industry. Ensure project efficiency and meet contract requirements: Based on modular process design and standardized control, this method greatly improves construction efficiency and shortens construction period, strictly meeting the project design and contract requirements for construction period, avoiding additional costs due to delayed construction period, further ensuring project economic benefits, and meeting the goal of "efficiency meets design and contract requirements".

[0017] 3. The modular hoisting and positioning construction method for large wind turbine blades in complex terrain can strengthen risk control, reduce the probability of safety accidents, and improve construction safety reliability. Through hoisting load calculation, hoisting difficulty analysis, hoist safety performance test (such as hoist load capacity test), and whole-process quality control, the safety and reliability of hoisting technology are ensured, effectively avoiding safety accidents caused by insufficient site adaptation, poor hoist performance, and lack of process control in traditional technology, ensuring the safety of construction personnel and equipment. Establish a whole-process safety monitoring and response mechanism: From site survey before construction, hoist test, to real-time posture monitoring, wind speed warning during construction, to modularized disposal of problems, a whole-chain safety control system is formed, reducing the probability of various safety risks in complex environments, meeting the core requirement of "safe and reliable technology".

[0018] 4. The modular hoisting and positioning construction method for large wind turbine blades in complex terrain can accumulate resources, help the long-term development of the industry and enterprises, cultivate professional technical personnel, and accumulate management experience. During the implementation of this method, a group of management personnel and technical backbone with complex environmental wind power hoisting technical ability can be systematically cultivated, and organizational management experience for conducting large-scale scientific research projects can be accumulated, reserving human resources and management experience for subsequent more complex wind power projects. Enhancing corporate competitiveness and promoting technological progress in the industry: By refining and organizing this hoisting method and applying for the company and group science and technology progress awards, we can not only form core technological achievements for enterprises, but also enhance their technological competitiveness in the field of wind power construction. At the same time, we can contribute to the development of construction technology in complex environments in China's wind power industry, which is in line with the national policy orientation of renewable energy development and new infrastructure construction. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] This invention provides a technical solution, specifically a method for modular hoisting and positioning of large wind turbine blades in complex terrain, comprising the following methods; Method Overview: This construction method addresses the challenges of installing large wind turbine blades in complex terrains (such as high winds, uninhabited areas, and environments with uneven foundation bearing capacity). Centered on "modular planning, intelligent adaptation, and process-oriented management," it achieves rapid and safe blade placement through modular site design, modular optimization of lifting equipment, and modular execution of the lifting process. It is suitable for the installation of 6MW and above large wind turbine blades in complex terrains, shortening the construction period by 5%-10% and reducing overall costs by 10%-15%. S1 Construction Preparation Phase: S101 Site Modular Survey and Planning: 3D terrain scanning and parameter acquisition; The hoisting site and access roads were scanned using UAV 3D laser scanning technology to generate a 1:500 accuracy terrain model. The key data collected included terrain slope (≤5°, and step-leveling areas were planned for areas exceeding the time limit), foundation soil bearing capacity (tested at 1 point per 10㎡ using a lightweight dynamic penetrometer, with a requirement of ≥180kPa), and coordinates of surrounding obstacles (such as gullies and boulders, and a safety distance database was established). S102 Modular Site Zoning Design: The site was divided into three main modules: a hoisting operation area, a blade storage area, and a machinery parking area. The operation area was paved with precast concrete modular roadbeds (3m×2m×0.3m in size, with a single block bearing capacity of ≥500kN). The mortise and tenon structure was used for rapid splicing to solve the problem of uneven foundation settlement. In view of the high wind environment (referring to the annual wind speed data of Yamansu Town, Hami City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region), detachable windbreak modules (8m in height, with a wind resistance level of ≥12) were set up around the operation area. Modular reinforcement of S103 access road: Based on the load of the transport vehicles (calculated based on the maximum transport weight of 50t for the wind turbine blades), the access road adopts the "graded crushed stone + steel plate modular paving" scheme: the base layer is paved with 30cm thick graded crushed stone, and the surface layer is made of 20mm thick patterned steel plate modular splicing. Each section of steel plate is equipped with anti-slip strips and limit buckles to ensure the stability of vehicle passage. S104 blade and lifting tool modular adaptation design: Modular analysis of blade parameters; Establish a blade database, including blade length (e.g., 85m long for a 10MW wind turbine blade), weight distribution (15t at the blade root and 3t at the blade tip), center of gravity coordinates, and lifting node strength parameters. Simulate the blade lifting posture through BIM modeling. S105 Intelligent Modular Lifting Gear Development: The design incorporates a "dual-point adjustable modular lifting device": the main lifting device is made of high-strength alloy steel (yield strength ≥345MPa), and includes a blade root lifting module (hydraulic automatic locking device, adaptable to blade roots of different diameters) and a blade tip auxiliary lifting module (telescopic lifting frame, adjustable range 0-5m); the lifting device has built-in force and tilt sensors to monitor the lifting load (accuracy ±1%) and blade tilt angle (control deviation ≤1°) in real time, and the data is synchronized to the ground monitoring terminal; S106 Lifting Gear Load Modular Test: Static load tests were conducted on the lifting equipment at the prefabrication site: three levels of loading were applied (50%, 100%, and 120% of the design load), with each level held for 30 minutes, and the deformation of the lifting equipment was monitored (required to be ≤L / 1000, where L is the span of the lifting equipment); dynamic tests were conducted to simulate the lifting and rotation of the blades and to verify the stability of the lifting equipment under wind speed ≤8m / s conditions. S107 Modular configuration of machinery and personnel: Modular selection of hoisting machinery; According to the blade weight and lifting radius (≥ 50 m operation radius for 85 m blade), select 400 t full ground crane (with super lifting device) as the main lifting machinery, equipped with modular counterweight (20 t each, can be combined as needed); auxiliary machinery selects 50 t truck crane responsible for blade turning over, to ensure that the mechanical combination meets the "safety factor of lifting weight ≥ 1.2 times the blade weight"; S108 personnel modular division of labor: Form "command group, operation group, monitoring group, support group" four modular groups: the command group is responsible for lifting instruction by senior engineer (such as Xie Liang school); operation group contains crane driver, signal worker (holds special operation certificate); monitoring group is responsible for real-time monitoring of wind speed, lifting load, blade attitude; support group is responsible for emergency maintenance of machinery and adjustment of windproof measures; S2 lifting implementation phase: S201 blade modular transportation and storage: Blade transportation modularization; The transportation vehicle adopts hydraulic adjustable modular bracket, 30 mm thick rubber buffer layer between the blade and the bracket, fixed by nylon sling (safety factor ≥ 6), real-time monitoring of blade vibration value (control ≤ 0.1g) during transportation, to avoid blade damage; Storage area modular protection; Blade storage adopts "inclined modular support" (inclination 15°, wear-resistant pad is arranged at the contact point with the ground), adjustable limiting rod is arranged on both sides of the support, and rain and dust proof cover is arranged on the top, blade deflection (requirement ≤ L / 500) is checked every day during storage; S202 modular test lifting process: Empty load debugging; The crane completes 360° rotation, amplitude action under empty load, and the working state of the machine is checked; the load of the lifting appliance is lifted, and the accuracy of the sensor data is verified (the zero error of the force sensor is ≤ 0.5kN); Load test lifting; Adopt "staged lifting" mode: first lift the blade 30 cm away from the ground, hold for 5 minutes, check the lifting appliance locking state and ground settlement (use level instrument to monitor, settlement ≤ 2 cm); then lift to 10 m height, complete 30° rotation, amplitude action, simulate the in-place path, record the wind speed (requirement ≤ 6 m / s), lifting load and blade inclination data at each stage; S203 modular treatment of problems: If the lifting appliance is unbalanced (load deviation > 5%) during test lifting, adjust the extension of the blade tip lifting appliance; if the ground settlement exceeds the standard, stop the operation immediately and add modular roadbed plate; S204 blade modular in-place construction: Lifting stage; The main crane smoothly lifts the blades from the storage rack, while the auxiliary crane assists in turning them over. Once the blades are in a vertical position, the auxiliary lifting equipment is removed. During the lifting process, the monitoring team provides real-time feedback on the wind speed (per unit of wind speed). (Updated every 30 seconds); when the wind speed is ≥10m / s, immediately stop lifting and temporarily fix the blades. Translation and alignment stage; The blades are moved to the wind turbine hub by the luffing and rotation of the crane. The blade attitude is adjusted by the tilt sensor of the lifting device (the perpendicularity deviation with the hub flange surface is ≤0.5°). The command group coordinates with the operation group through walkie-talkie, and stops every 5m to check the change of the lifting device load. Precision matching phase; When the blade approaches the hub, a "micro-motion control" mode is adopted (crane operation accuracy ≤50mm), and technicians use a laser alignment instrument to assist in the alignment; after the blade root is in contact with the hub flange surface, the positioning pins are immediately installed (using a hydraulic synchronous installation tool to ensure that 4 positioning pins are inserted at the same time), and then the connecting bolts are symmetrically tightened (tightened in 3 stages, with the final torque meeting the design requirements); S3 Acceptance and Departure Phase: S301 modular acceptance: Technical parameter acceptance; Check the blade tilt angle after positioning (deviation ≤1°), the torque of the connecting bolts (randomly inspect 10% of the bolts, with a pass rate of 100%), and the data recorded by the lifting device sensors (no overload or off-center load records). Appearance and environmental inspection; The blade surface was found to be undamaged, the modular components of the site were not deformed, and the temporary windbreak facilities were in good condition. S302 Modular Decommissioning of Machinery and Site: Mechanical unloading; The cranes were removed from the site in the order of "main crane first, then auxiliary crane." After the lifting equipment was disassembled, it was cleaned and maintained (rust inhibitor was applied), and then stored in modular toolboxes according to their categories. Site restoration; Remove windbreaks and modular roadbed components, and recycle them in categories (recycling rate ≥95%); backfill the work area with earthwork to restore the original terrain of the site; Innovation Highlights: Modular adaptability: Through modular design of site, hoisting equipment and personnel, it can quickly adapt to different complex terrains (such as strong winds and soft soil), reducing on-site modification time; Intelligent monitoring integration: The spreader's built-in sensors work in conjunction with the ground monitoring system to achieve real-time control of "load, tilt angle, and wind speed" during the lifting process, reducing safety risks; Process standardization: tiered trial lifting and precise docking with modular processes ensure traceability of each procedure and improve construction efficiency; Furthermore, at the technical level, this method addresses industry pain points, improves technical adaptability, and effectively tackles the challenges of blade adjustment and positioning in complex environments. Through modular lifting tool design and optimization, combined with targeted research on lifting schemes, it solves the problem of difficult wind turbine blade adjustment in traditional processes, achieves rapid and safe positioning of blades in complex terrain, and ensures that the lifting process technology meets the safety and reliability requirements of the design structure and the process quality control requirements, filling the gap in the adaptability of large wind turbine blade lifting technology in complex environments. Promoting the standardization and replicability of construction technology: This method has formed a standardized hoisting technology process applicable to complex terrain by sorting out and standardizing key links such as hoisting site design, blade assembly and placement, and on-site construction quality control. It can not only be directly applied to wind power projects, but also provide replicable technical references for subsequent similar wind power projects in complex terrain, thus helping to improve the overall wind power construction technology. Furthermore, from an economic perspective, this method reduces costs and increases efficiency, enhancing project profitability and significantly lowering project costs. By optimizing the selection of lifting equipment, improving tools, and designing continuous operation procedures, redundant processes and resource waste are reduced, effectively lowering labor consumption and equipment rental costs. Based on project expectations and a 600MW wind farm, comprehensive cost savings can be achieved, meeting the technical and economic indicator of "economic cost meeting expectations." At the same time, it increases project benefits, providing enterprises with a cost advantage in the wind power industry. Ensuring project schedule efficiency and meeting contract requirements: Relying on modular process design and standardized management, this method significantly improves construction efficiency, shortens the construction cycle, strictly meets the project design and contractual schedule requirements, avoids additional costs caused by schedule delays, further guarantees project economic benefits, and aligns with the goal of "meeting design and contract requirements in terms of schedule efficiency". Furthermore, at the safety level, this method strengthens risk management, reduces the probability of safety accidents, and improves the safety and reliability of construction: through hoisting load calculation, advance analysis of hoisting difficulties, safety performance testing of hoisting equipment (such as hoisting equipment load capacity testing), and full-process quality control, it ensures the safety and reliability of hoisting technology, effectively avoids safety accidents caused by insufficient site adaptability, poor hoisting equipment performance, and lack of process control in traditional processes, and protects the safety of construction personnel and equipment. A full-process safety monitoring and response mechanism has been established: from site survey and lifting equipment testing before construction, to real-time attitude monitoring and wind speed warning during construction, and then to modular handling of problems, a full-chain safety management and control system has been formed, which reduces the probability of various safety risks occurring in complex environments and meets the core requirement of "safe and reliable process technology". Further, the method can accumulate resources, help the long-term development of the industry and enterprises, cultivate professional and technical personnel, and accumulate management experience at the social and enterprise development level. During the implementation process of the method, a batch of management personnel and technical backbone with complex environment wind power hoisting technical ability can be systematically cultivated, and the organization and management experience of carrying out large scientific research projects can be accumulated, thereby reserving human resources and management experience for subsequent enterprises to undertake more complex wind power projects; Enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises and promoting the progress of the industry: By filing the hoisting method for the company and group technology progress award after refining and arranging, not only the core technology achievements of the enterprise can be formed, but also the technical competitiveness of the enterprise in the field of wind power construction can be improved, which contributes to the development of the construction technology of the Chinese wind power industry in complex environment and conforms to the policy guidance of the national renewable energy development and new infrastructure construction.

[0021] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various modifications, substitutions, replacements and changes can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A large fan blade modular hoisting and positioning construction method under complex terrain, comprising a S1 construction preparation stage, a S2 hoisting implementation stage and a S3 acceptance and retreat stage, characterized in that: The S1 construction preparation stage includes S101 site modularized survey and planning, S102 modularized site partition design, S103 modularized reinforcement of approach roads, S104 modularized adaptive design of blades and lifting devices, S105 research and development of intelligent modularized lifting devices, S106 modularized test of lifting device loads, S107 modularized configuration of machinery and personnel, and S108 modularized division of labor of personnel. ​ The S2 hoisting implementation stage includes S201 modularized transfer and storage of blades, S202 modularized test hoisting process, S203 modularized treatment of problems, and S204 modularized in-place construction of blades. The S3 acceptance and retreat stage includes S301 modularized acceptance and S302 modularized retreat of machinery and site.

2. The modular hoisting and positioning construction method of large-sized wind turbine blade on complex terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S101 site modularized survey and planning includes three-dimensional terrain scanning and parameter collection. The hoisting site and approach roads are scanned using a three-dimensional laser scanning technology of a drone to generate a 1:500 precision terrain model, and the terrain slope (≤5°, a stepped leveling area is planned if the limit is exceeded), the bearing capacity of the foundation soil (1 point is detected per 10 square meters using a light dynamic sounding instrument, and the requirement is ≥180kPa), and the coordinates of surrounding obstacles (such as gullies and boulders, a safety distance database is established) are collected. The S102 modularized site partition design includes dividing the site into three modules of "hoisting operation area, blade storage area, and machinery parking area", laying the operation area with prefabricated concrete modular roadbed plates (size 3m×2m×0.3m, single plate bearing capacity ≥500kN), quickly splicing through a mortise and tenon structure to solve the problem of uneven settlement of the foundation, and setting up a detachable windbreak module (height 8m, wind resistance level ≥12) around the operation area for a windy environment (reference: annual wind speed data of Yamansu Town, Hami City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region).

3. The modular hoisting and positioning construction method of large-sized wind turbine blade on complex terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S103 modularized reinforcement of approach roads includes using a "graded crushed stone + steel plate modularized paving" scheme for the approach roads according to the load of the transport vehicle (calculated according to the maximum wind turbine blade transport weight of 50t): laying 30cm thick graded crushed stone for the base layer, and laying 20mm thick patterned steel plates for the surface layer, and setting up anti-skid strips and limiting buckles for each section of the steel plate to ensure the stability of vehicle traffic. The S104 modularized adaptive design of blades and lifting devices includes modularized sorting of blade parameters.

4. The modular hoisting and positioning construction method of large-sized wind turbine blade on complex terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that: A blade database is established, including blade length (such as 85m for a 10MW wind turbine blade), weight distribution (15t for the blade root and 3t for the blade tip), coordinates of the center of gravity, and strength parameters of hoisting nodes, and a BIM modeling simulation is used to simulate the blade hoisting posture. The S105 research and development of intelligent modularized lifting devices includes 5. The modular hoisting and positioning construction method of large scale wind turbine blade over complex terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ ​ ​ 6. The modular hoisting and positioning construction method of large scale wind turbine blade over complex terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ Design "Dual-lifting-point adjustable modular lifting device": The main lifting device is made of high-strength alloy steel (yield strength ≥ 345 MPa), including blade root lifting device module (hydraulic automatic locking device, suitable for different diameter blade roots) and blade tip auxiliary lifting device module (scalable lifting frame, adjustment range 0-5m); The lifting device is equipped with force sensors and inclination sensors to monitor the lifting load (accuracy ±1%) and blade inclination (control deviation ≤1°) in real time, and the data is synchronized to the ground monitoring terminal.

7. The modular hoisting and positioning construction method of large scale wind turbine blade over complex terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S106 lifting device load modular test: Static load test of lifting device in prefabrication site: 3 levels of loading (50%, 100%, 120% design load), each level holding load for 30min, monitoring the deformation of the lifting device (requirement ≤L / 1000, L is the span of the lifting device); Dynamic test simulates the lifting and rotating conditions of the blade, and verifies the stability of the lifting device under the condition of wind speed ≤8m / s.

8. The method of claim 1, wherein: The S107 mechanical and personnel modular configuration: Lifting machinery modular selection; According to the weight of the blade and the lifting radius (according to 85m blade, it needs ≥50m operating radius), select 400t full ground crane (with super lifting device) as the main lifting machinery, equipped with modular counterweight (each 20t, can be combined as needed); The auxiliary machinery selects 50t truck crane to be responsible for the blade turning over, to ensure that the mechanical combination meets the "lifting weight ≥1.2 times the weight of the blade" safety factor; S108 personnel modular division of labor: Form "command group, operation group, monitoring group, support group" four modular groups: the command group is responsible for lifting instruction release by senior engineer (such as Xie Liang school); The operation group includes crane driver, signal worker (holds special operation certificate); The monitoring group is responsible for real-time monitoring of wind speed, lifting device load, and blade posture; The support group is responsible for emergency maintenance of machinery and adjustment of windproof measures.

9. The modular hoisting and positioning construction method of large scale wind turbine blade over complex terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S201 blade modular transfer and storage: Blade transportation modular fixation; The transportation vehicle adopts hydraulic adjustable modular bracket, 30mm thick rubber buffer layer between the blade and the bracket, fixed by nylon lifting belt (safety factor ≥6), real-time monitoring of blade vibration value (control ≤0.1g) during transportation, to avoid blade damage; Modular protection of storage area; The blade storage adopts "inclined modular support" (inclination 15°, wear-resistant pad block at the contact point with the ground), adjustable limiting rods are arranged on both sides of the support, and a rain and dust proof cover is arranged on the top, the blade deflection is checked daily during storage (requirement ≤L / 500); S202 modular test lifting process: Empty load debugging; The crane completes 360° rotation, amplitude action under empty load, and checks the operation state of the machinery; The lifting device is lifted under empty load, and the accuracy of the sensor data is verified (force sensor zero error ≤0.5kN); Load test lifting; Adopt "staged lifting" mode: first lift the blade 30cm away from the ground, hold for 5min, check the lifting device locking state and ground settlement (use level instrument to monitor, settlement ≤2cm); Then lift to 10m height, complete 30° rotation, amplitude action, simulate the in-place path, record the wind speed (requirement ≤6m / s), lifting device load and blade inclination data at each stage; S203 Problem modularization treatment: If the load deviation of the lifting appliance is greater than 5% during the lifting process, adjust the telescopic lifting appliance; if the ground subsidence exceeds the standard, stop the operation immediately and supplement the modular roadbed plate; S204 Blade modularization positioning construction: Lifting stage; The main lifting machine smoothly lifts the blade from the storage rack, and the auxiliary crane cooperates to turn over. When the blade is in a vertical state, remove the auxiliary lifting appliance. Monitor the real-time feedback of wind speed (update every 30 seconds) during the lifting process. When the wind speed is greater than or equal to 10 m / s, stop lifting immediately and temporarily fix the blade; Translation and positioning stage; Use the amplitude and rotation actions of the crane to translate the blade to the fan hub, and use the lifting appliance inclination sensor to adjust the blade attitude (perpendicularity deviation with the hub flange surface ≤0.5°). The command group links with the operation group through the intercom, and stops to check the load change of the lifting appliance every 5m movement; Precise docking stage; When the blade approaches the hub, use the "micro-control" mode (crane operation accuracy ≤50mm), and the technical personnel assist the positioning through the laser alignment instrument. After the blade root and the hub flange surface are attached, immediately install the positioning pin (use hydraulic synchronous installation tool to ensure that the four positioning pins are inserted at the same time), and then symmetrically tighten the connecting bolts (tighten in three stages, and the final torque meets the design requirements).

10. The modular hoisting and positioning construction method of large scale wind turbine blade over complex terrain according to claim 1, characterized in that: S301 Modularization acceptance: Technical parameter acceptance; Check the inclination angle of the blade after positioning (deviation ≤1°), the torque of the connecting bolt (10% of the bolts are sampled, and the qualified rate is 100%), and the data recorded by the lifting appliance sensor (no overload and excessive deviation record); Appearance and environment acceptance; Check that the blade surface is undamaged, the site modular components are not deformed, and the windbreak temporary facilities are intact; S302 Mechanical and site modularization retreat: Mechanical disassembly; The crane retreats in the order of "main lifting first and auxiliary lifting later". After the lifting appliance is disassembled, clean and maintain it (apply anti-rust agent), and store it in the modular tool box; Site recovery; Remove the windbreak, roadbed plate modular components, and recycle them (recycling rate ≥95%). Backfill the earthwork in the operation area and restore the original terrain of the site.