Efficient air conditioning system based on two-stage series double-temperature-humidity-area evaporative cooling

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of air conditioning refrigeration and heat dissipation, and discloses an efficient air conditioning system based on two-stage series double-temperature-humidity-area evaporative cooling, which comprises a refrigerant circulation loop connected with a compressor, a first-stage condenser, a second-stage condenser, a throttling device and an evaporator in sequence; according to the efficient air conditioning system based on two-stage series double-temperature-humidity-area evaporative cooling, the application bottleneck of the prior art in a high-temperature and low-humidity environment is effectively solved through an innovative system architecture and a cooperative working principle. The method is scientific and innovative in theory, and the specific implementation mode of the method also has high feasibility and engineering application value. Various performance indexes show that the method has comprehensive advantages in the aspects of energy conservation, water conservation, high efficiency and environmental adaptability, conforms to the current technical trend of green and low-carbon development, and has a wide market popularization prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of air conditioning refrigeration and heat dissipation technology, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency air conditioning system based on two-stage series dual-temperature and humidity zone evaporative cooling. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional air conditioning systems face severe heat dissipation challenges, leading to performance degradation and a surge in energy consumption.

[0003] Based on the above analysis, the problems and shortcomings of the existing technology are as follows:

[0004] (1) Limitations of traditional air-cooled air conditioners: When the ambient temperature exceeds 40°C, the heat exchange temperature difference between the air-cooled condenser and the high-temperature refrigerant decreases sharply, resulting in a serious lack of heat dissipation capacity. This not only causes the air conditioner's cooling capacity to decrease by more than 30%, but also leads to excessively high compressor discharge pressure and temperature, unstable system operation, a significant drop in energy efficiency ratio (COP), and even high-pressure protection shutdown.

[0005] (2) Disadvantages of traditional water-cooled air conditioning: Although water-cooled systems have higher heat dissipation efficiency than air-cooled systems, they usually rely on large cooling towers. In arid regions, the evaporation of cooling towers is enormous, resulting in a waste of precious water resources. In addition, cooling tower systems are bulky, complex in structure, and have high maintenance costs. They are also prone to Legionella bacteria growth, making them unsuitable for scenarios with limited space or high hygiene requirements.

[0006] (3) Shortcomings of existing evaporative cooling technology: Although there are direct evaporative cooling air conditioners on the market, commonly known as "eco-friendly air conditioners" or "water-cooled fans", they can only reduce the air temperature and increase the humidity, but cannot achieve true cooling, dehumidification and precise temperature control. Some attempts to combine evaporative cooling with refrigeration cycle are often poorly designed and fail to make full use of the evaporation potential of high temperature and low humidity air, resulting in limited efficiency improvement.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new air conditioning technology that can fully utilize the characteristics of high temperature and low humidity environments, organically combine the advantages of air cooling and evaporative cooling, and achieve efficient heat dissipation, energy and water conservation, and compact structure to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a high-efficiency air conditioning system based on two-stage series dual-temperature and humidity zone evaporative cooling.

[0009] This invention is implemented as follows: a high-efficiency air conditioning system based on two-stage series dual-temperature and humidity zone evaporative cooling includes:

[0010] Compressor, primary condenser, secondary condenser, expansion valve, evaporator, main fan, evaporative cooling pad, auxiliary fan, circulating water pump, water tank, evaporative cooling pad return pipe, evaporative cooling pad supply pipe, nozzle supply pipe, atomizing nozzle;

[0011] The primary condenser is an air-cooled finned condenser, and a wet curtain is provided on its air inlet side. The wet curtain is connected to a water circulation assembly.

[0012] The secondary condenser is a bare tube condenser with a spray device on its outer periphery. The spray device is connected to the water circulation assembly, and the secondary condenser is equipped with an air inlet duct for introducing outdoor high-temperature and low-humidity air.

[0013] The main fan, located on the outlet side of the secondary condenser, drives airflow through the wet curtain and the primary condenser; and the optional auxiliary fan, located on the inlet side of the secondary condenser, enhances airflow.

[0014] Furthermore, the wet curtain is made of honeycomb paper material with a thickness of 50-100mm, and its surface is kept moist by a water circulation component.

[0015] Furthermore, the fin spacing of the air-cooled finned condenser is 1.5–3 mm to accommodate the flow of humid air and reduce wind resistance.

[0016] Furthermore, the secondary condenser is a bare tube condenser with a tube diameter of 10-16 mm and a tube spacing of 30-50 mm to facilitate uniform water film formation and air circulation.

[0017] Furthermore, the nozzle atomization particle size of the spray device is 30-70 μm, which can uniformly cover the surface of the light tube.

[0018] Furthermore, the air inlet duct of the secondary condenser can be set independently or shared with the air inlet airflow section of the primary condenser, and the air distribution ratio can be adjusted by a valve device.

[0019] Furthermore, the water circulation component includes a water tank, a water pump, pipes, and a filter. The filter is installed in the return water pipe to remove impurities and prevent clogging of the wet curtain and spray device.

[0020] Furthermore, the primary condenser and the secondary condenser are connected in series in the refrigerant circulation loop. The high-temperature refrigerant flows through the primary condenser in sequence to complete sensible heat precooling, and then flows through the secondary condenser to complete latent heat condensation.

[0021] Another objective of this invention is to provide an operation method for a high-efficiency air conditioning system based on a two-stage series dual-temperature and humidity zone evaporative cooling system:

[0022] Step 1: Start the system. The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor enters the first-stage condenser.

[0023] Step 2: The main fan drives the outdoor high-temperature, low-humidity air to flow through the humidified curtain. After the air is evaporated and cooled, it enters the first-stage condenser to initially cool the refrigerant.

[0024] Step 3: The refrigerant, after initial cooling, enters the secondary condenser. At the same time, another or part of the high-temperature, low-humidity outdoor air is introduced into the secondary condenser. The spray device sprays water onto the surface of the tube. Under the air flow, the water evaporates quickly, deeply cooling the refrigerant until it is completely condensed.

[0025] Step 4: The circulating water pump maintains a continuous water supply to the spray device and wet curtain, and the returned water is filtered and returned to the water tank for recycling.

[0026] Furthermore, the system is equipped with a controller that automatically adjusts the main / auxiliary fan speed, water pump flow rate, and spray volume based on ambient temperature and humidity and refrigerant temperature to achieve the optimal energy efficiency ratio.

[0027] Based on the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solution to be protected by this invention are as follows:

[0028] First, the core idea of ​​this invention lies in "two-stage series connection, dual temperature and humidity zone synergistic cooling":

[0029] The primary pre-cooling zone primarily utilizes sensible heat exchange: evaporative cooling pads are used to pre-cool the high-temperature, low-humidity outdoor air, reducing the dry-bulb temperature by 5-10°C to create cooler, humid air. This pre-cooled air then flows through the primary finned condenser, where a significant temperature difference efficiently removes some of the refrigerant's sensible heat, completing the initial cooling process.

[0030] The secondary deep condensation zone primarily utilizes latent heat exchange: the refrigerant, pre-cooled in the primary stage, enters the secondary bare-tube condenser. Meanwhile, another stream of uncooled, high-temperature, low-humidity air flows directly through the secondary condenser. Its strong evaporation potential is fully utilized by the water film sprayed onto the bare tube surface. The water evaporates rapidly under the influence of the high-temperature tube wall and the low-humidity air, absorbing a large amount of latent heat, thus deeply cooling and completely condensing the refrigerant. Furthermore, because the refrigerant temperature in the secondary condenser has already decreased, scale formation is effectively inhibited, and the bare-tube structure also facilitates subsequent scale removal and maintenance.

[0031] The "High-Efficiency Air Conditioning System Based on Two-Stage Series Dual-Temperature and Humidity Zone Evaporative Cooling" proposed in this invention effectively solves the application bottleneck of existing technologies in high-temperature and low-humidity environments through its innovative system architecture and collaborative working principle. This invention is not only theoretically scientific and innovative, but its specific implementation also possesses high feasibility and engineering application value. All performance indicators demonstrate that this invention has comprehensive advantages in energy saving, water saving, high efficiency, and environmental adaptability, aligning with the current technological trend of green and low-carbon development and possessing broad market prospects.

[0032] Secondly, this technical solution offers significant economic and social benefits. Commercially, it provides highly competitive cooling solutions for high-energy-consuming users such as data centers and communication base stations, directly reducing operating costs by lowering the PUE value. In industrial cooling and high-end commercial building sectors, its high energy efficiency can result in substantial electricity cost savings. The total cost over the product's lifecycle is expected to be significantly lower than traditional solutions. In terms of social value, the widespread application of this technical solution will effectively reduce the total social electricity load, especially during peak summer electricity consumption periods, contributing to grid stability. Its water-saving characteristics have significant ecological implications for arid and semi-arid regions.

[0033] Currently, the air conditioning technologies on the market are clearly distinct: air-cooled technology is inefficient at high temperatures, water-cooled technology consumes a lot of water and has a large volume of cooling towers, while ordinary evaporative cooling cannot meet precise cooling requirements. This invention is not simply a combination of existing technologies, but rather creatively constructs a completely new technological paradigm through an innovative "two-stage series, dual-temperature and humidity zone" architecture. It precisely fills the market gap for air conditioning technologies that are "suitable for high-temperature and low-humidity environments, and combine high efficiency, energy saving, water conservation, and a compact structure," providing an unprecedented optimized solution for specific climatic regions.

[0034] For a long time, how to economically and efficiently solve the cooling problem in high-temperature and arid environments without relying on large amounts of water resources has been a major challenge for the air conditioning industry. The drastic performance drop of traditional air-cooled air conditioners in such environments is a well-known pain point in the industry. This invention successfully solves this problem through the ingenious division and series collaboration of "pre-cooling and humidification sensible heat exchange" and "direct evaporation latent heat exchange." It enables the air conditioning system to maintain a high energy efficiency ratio and stable cooling output even at extreme temperatures such as above 45°C, something that was difficult to achieve with previous single-technology approaches.

[0035] This invention challenges and overcomes two major technological biases in the industry. First, there's the bias that "evaporative cooling technology is unsuitable for high-end applications," believing it's only applicable to low-end "water-cooled fans" and unsuitable for precise, efficient refrigeration cycles. This invention proves that through deep coupling and optimized design with the refrigeration cycle, evaporative cooling can become a core technology for improving the performance of high-end air conditioning systems. Second, there's the bias that "any water-consuming refrigeration solution is unacceptable in water-scarce regions." This invention, by employing closed-loop circulation and high-efficiency spray technology, achieves "efficient utilization" of water rather than "massive consumption," proving that "water-saving" evaporative cooling is entirely feasible, with water consumption per unit of cooling capacity far lower than traditional cooling tower solutions. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of a high-efficiency air conditioning system based on two-stage series dual-temperature and humidity zone evaporative cooling provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the refrigeration system and circulating water system provided in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the operation method of a high-efficiency air conditioning system based on two-stage series dual-temperature and humidity zone evaporative cooling provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Compressor; 2. First-stage condenser (right); 3. First-stage condenser (left); 4. Second-stage condenser (right); 5. Second-stage condenser (left); 6. Throttling valve; 7. Evaporator; 8. Main fan; 9. Evaporative cooling pad; 10. Auxiliary fan; 11. Circulating water pump; 12. Water tank; 13. Evaporative cooling pad return pipe; 14. Evaporative cooling pad supply pipe; 15. Nozzle supply pipe; 16. Atomizing nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a high-efficiency air conditioning system based on two-stage series dual-temperature and humidity zone evaporative cooling, comprising:

[0042] In this high-efficiency air conditioning system, compressor 1 is sequentially connected to throttle valve 6, evaporator 7, primary condenser (right) 2, primary condenser (left) 3, and secondary condenser (right) 4 and secondary condenser (left) 5 via pipelines, forming a complete refrigerant circulation loop. Compressor 1 is located on the high-pressure side of the system, compressing the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas, which then enters primary condenser (right) 2 and primary condenser (left) 3, where it completes initial condensation with the assistance of evaporative cooling pad 9.

[0043] The first-stage condenser (right) 2 and the first-stage condenser (left) 3 are finned structures, installed after the evaporative cooling pad 9. The evaporative cooling pad 9 is kept moist by a water circulation assembly, so that the air entering the fin gaps is first cooled by evaporation before entering the condenser, thus increasing the temperature difference between the refrigerant and the air. The fin spacing is designed to be 1.5–3 mm, which ensures smooth airflow while reducing blockage and air resistance, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0044] Secondary condensers (right) 4 and (left) 5 are installed below the primary condenser, using a bare tube arrangement with a tube diameter of 10–16 mm and a tube spacing of 30–50 mm, surrounded by a spray device. A circulating water pump 11 supplies water to the atomizing nozzles 16 through the nozzle supply pipe 15. The water droplets sprayed from the nozzles are controlled to a diameter of 30–70 μm, uniformly covering the outer wall of the bare tubes to form a continuous water film, allowing the refrigerant to achieve deep condensation in this section.

[0045] The airflow is provided by the main fan 8, which is installed on the outlet side of the secondary condenser. It draws outside air sequentially through the wet curtain 9, the primary condenser (right) 2, the primary condenser (left) 3, the secondary condenser (right) 4, and the secondary condenser (left) 5. To further enhance airflow, an auxiliary fan 10 can be activated in high-temperature and low-humidity environments. This fan is located at the front end of the air inlet of the secondary condenser to accelerate the entry of fresh air and ensure sufficient heat exchange with the water film.

[0046] The water circulation assembly consists of a water tank 12, a circulating water pump 11, a water supply pipe 14 for the water curtain, and a return pipe 13, which keeps the wet curtain 9 and the spray system moist for a long time. The return water flows into the water tank through the water return pipe 13 for the water curtain, and is then sent to the water supply pipe by the water pump 11, forming a closed loop, which saves water and ensures a stable humidification effect.

[0047] Air first passes through the evaporative cooling pad 9, where it is cooled and carries a suitable level of humidity. It then enters the primary condenser (right) 2 and the primary condenser (left) 3 for initial heat exchange. The relatively dry air, which has not been humidified by the cooling pad, enters the secondary condenser (right) 4 and the secondary condenser (left) 5, which are covered by a spray system. The water film evaporates and absorbs heat, further reducing the condensation temperature, thus significantly improving condensation efficiency and reducing the power consumption of compressor 1. The overall assembly structure, through the two-stage series connection of cooling pad cooling and spray evaporation, enables the system to have dual-temperature and humidity zone heat exchange characteristics, achieving a highly efficient and energy-saving air conditioning condensation and heat dissipation process.

[0048] The water circulation component provided in this embodiment of the invention includes a water tank 12, a water pump 11, pipes and a filter. The filter is installed in the return water pipe to remove impurities and prevent clogging of the wet curtain 9 and the spray device.

[0049] The first-stage condenser and the second-stage condenser provided in this embodiment of the invention are connected in series in the refrigerant circulation loop. The high-temperature refrigerant flows through the first-stage condenser to complete the sensible heat pre-cooling, and then flows through the second-stage condenser to complete the latent heat condensation.

[0050] The evaporative cooling pad 9 is made of honeycomb paper material with a thickness of 50-100mm, and its surface is kept moist by a water circulation component. When air passes through the evaporative cooling pad 9 under the action of the main fan 8, the moisture evaporates and absorbs heat, which lowers the airflow temperature. This gives the air entering the first-stage condenser 23 a strong cooling capacity and improves the overall heat exchange efficiency.

[0051] The primary condenser 23 is a finned condenser with a fin spacing of 1.5–3 mm, which effectively adapts to the flow of humid air and reduces wind resistance. The optimized fin spacing ensures that humid air can fully contact the heat exchange surface while avoiding excessive blockage, thus improving the long-term stability and heat dissipation capacity of the condenser.

[0052] The secondary condenser 45 adopts a bare tube structure with a tube diameter of 10-16 mm and a tube spacing of 30-50 mm. This structure facilitates the formation of a uniform and continuous water film covering the outer wall of the bare tubes by spraying, while maintaining smooth airflow, thereby enabling efficient heat exchange between the refrigerant, the cooling air, and the water film.

[0053] The spray device consists of a water supply pipe 15 and an atomizing nozzle 16. The atomized particles sprayed from the nozzle have a diameter of 30–70 μm, which can evenly cover the surface of the bare tube condenser. The water droplets evaporate rapidly on the outer wall of the bare tube, absorbing heat and enabling the secondary condenser 45 to achieve efficient condensation, further reducing the temperature and pressure of the refrigerant.

[0054] The water circulation assembly consists of a water tank 12, a circulating water pump 11, pipes, and a filter. The filter is installed in the return water pipe 13 to remove impurities from the circulating water and prevent clogging of the wet curtain 9 and the spray nozzles 16. Meanwhile, the primary condenser 23 and the secondary condenser 45 are connected in series in the refrigerant circuit. The high-temperature refrigerant first undergoes sensible heat pre-cooling in the primary condenser, and then enters the secondary condenser to complete latent heat condensation through water film heat exchange, thereby achieving staged enhanced cooling.

[0055] Figure 1 Working principle analysis: This demonstrates the overall physical layout of the system. Outdoor air is drawn in from both sides by the main fan 8, first pre-cooled by the wet curtain 9, and then flows through the primary condenser. Another portion of the air is either driven by the auxiliary fan 10 through the secondary condenser, and finally, the hot and humid air is discharged from the upper middle section.

[0056] Figure 2 Working principle explanation: This demonstrates the flow path of the refrigerant.

[0057] Refrigerant Cycle: High-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas is discharged from compressor 1 and enters the first-stage condenser 2, 3. After being cooled by pre-cooled air, it enters the second-stage condenser 4, 5, where it is further cooled into a liquid by spray evaporation. Then, it passes through the expansion valve 6 to reduce its pressure and enters the evaporator 7 to absorb heat and provide cooling. Finally, it returns to compressor 1. Water Cycle: Water pump 11 sends water from the water tank to the wet curtain 9 and the spray device 16 of the second-stage condenser. After evaporation, the unevaporated portion returns to the water tank, forming a closed-loop cycle.

[0058] Airflow: The main fan 8 and the auxiliary fan 10 work together to drive the external airflow through the two condenser heat dissipation areas.

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides an operation method for a high-efficiency air conditioning system based on two-stage series dual-temperature and humidity zone evaporative cooling:

[0060] S101: Start the system; the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor enters the first-stage condenser.

[0061] S102: The main fan drives the outdoor high-temperature and low-humidity air to flow through the humidified wet curtain. After the air is evaporated and cooled, it enters the first-stage condenser to perform preliminary cooling of the refrigerant.

[0062] S103: The refrigerant, after initial cooling, enters the secondary condenser. At the same time, another or part of the high-temperature, low-humidity outdoor air is introduced into the secondary condenser. The spray device sprays water onto the surface of the tube. Under the air flow, the water evaporates quickly, deeply cooling the refrigerant until it is completely condensed.

[0063] S104: The circulating water pump maintains a continuous water supply to the spray device and wet curtain, and the returned water is filtered and returned to the water tank for recycling.

[0064] The system provided in this embodiment of the invention is equipped with a controller that automatically adjusts the main / auxiliary fan speed, water pump flow rate, and spray volume according to the ambient temperature and humidity and refrigerant temperature to achieve the optimal energy efficiency ratio.

[0065] Specific implementation of the present invention:

[0066] Example 1: System Composition and Parameters

[0067] This embodiment provides a 30kW cooling capacity air conditioning system for a small data center, with the following design parameters:

[0068] Refrigerant circulation loop: R410A refrigerant is used. The loop is connected in sequence as follows: scroll compressor 1, primary condenser 2, secondary condenser 4, electronic expansion valve 6, finned tube evaporator 7.

[0069] The primary condenser pre-cooling and heat dissipation unit is a V-shaped air-cooled finned condenser 2 with aluminum fins, a hydrophilic coating, and a fin spacing of 2.0 mm. A 100 mm thick honeycomb paper wet curtain 9 is installed on the air inlet side.

[0070] The secondary condenser deep heat dissipation unit is a bare tube condenser 4, using copper tubes with an outer diameter of 12mm and a tube spacing of 40mm. Nozzles 16 with atomizing particle size of 60μm are evenly arranged above and on both sides to form a spray device.

[0071] Auxiliary components: Main fan 8: EC variable frequency axial flow fan, maximum air volume 12000m³ / h 3 / h, located on the air outlet side of the primary condenser. Auxiliary fan 10: EC variable frequency axial flow fan, maximum air volume 8000m³ / h. 3 / h, located on the air inlet side of the secondary condenser.

[0072] Water circulation components: including a 50L water tank 12, a variable frequency water pump 11, and a Y-type filter.

[0073] Example 2: Operation process under high temperature and low humidity environment

[0074] The environmental conditions were set as follows: outdoor dry bulb temperature 45℃, relative humidity 30%.

[0075] 1. Start-up and Pre-cooling Stage: Upon system startup, the 75°C high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant discharged from compressor 1 enters the first-stage condensers 2 and 3. Simultaneously, the main fan 8 starts, drawing 45°C outdoor air through the humidified cooling pad 9. The air undergoes isenthalpic humidification at the cooling pad, lowering its temperature to approximately 35°C and increasing its relative humidity to approximately 55%. This 35°C pre-cooled air then flows through the first-stage condenser, initially cooling the refrigerant temperature from 75°C to 50°C.

[0076] 2. Deep Condensation Stage: Refrigerant at 50°C flows into the secondary condensers 4 and 5. Simultaneously, auxiliary fan 10 starts, introducing another stream of dry, hot air at 45°C and 30% humidity into the secondary condenser area. Water pump 11 supplies water to spray device 16, forming a uniform water film on the surface of the tubes. As the dry, hot air flows over it, the water film evaporates rapidly. Utilizing its strong latent heat absorption capacity, the refrigerant is further cooled from 50°C to 40°C, completing the condensation.

[0077] 3. Subsequent Refrigeration and Circulation: Liquid refrigerant at 40℃ is throttled and depressurized by expansion valve 6 before entering evaporator 7, where it absorbs heat and provides cooling in the room. Finally, it returns to compressor 1, completing the entire cycle. The return water from the water circulation system is filtered and returned to the water tank, where a small amount of water is replenished by a water supply valve controlled by a level sensor.

[0078] Example 3: Intelligent Control Logic

[0079] The system has a built-in PLC controller and integrated temperature and humidity sensors to achieve intelligent and energy-saving operation.

[0080] Mode determination: When the ambient temperature is below 35℃, the system can activate only the first-stage air cooling, with the water pump shut down, operating as a high-efficiency air-cooled air conditioner. When the temperature is above 35℃, the water pump and two-stage cooling mode will automatically start.

[0081] Fan speed control: Based on the compressor discharge pressure and condensing temperature, the speed of the main and auxiliary fans is continuously adjusted through a PID algorithm to minimize fan energy consumption while meeting heat dissipation requirements.

[0082] Water flow regulation: Adjust the water pump speed and spray volume according to the outdoor humidity and the tube wall temperature of the secondary condenser to avoid excessive water spraying that would cause water droplets to be carried away or reduce heat exchange efficiency, thus achieving precise water use.

[0083] The technical solution of this invention can be widely applied in the following fields:

[0084] Data centers and communication base stations: Especially in hot climates and water-scarce regions, they can serve as an efficient cooling solution, significantly reducing PUE.

[0085] Industrial cooling: Used for process cooling in industries such as power, chemical, and metallurgy, especially suitable for scenarios that require uninterrupted operation throughout the year.

[0086] High-end commercial buildings, such as shopping malls, hotels, and office buildings located in arid regions, can provide a more energy-efficient and comfortable cooling experience than traditional central air conditioning.

[0087] Special vehicles and mobile equipment, such as mobile makeshift hospitals and field command vehicles, are compact and efficient, meeting the needs of special scenarios.

[0088] The technical solution of this invention can be materialized into a series of specific products, mainly including:

[0089] Precision air conditioning for data centers: Developing row-level and room-level precision air conditioning units to meet the high heat density and continuous operation requirements of server rooms. These units can serve as a replacement or supplement to independent air-cooled or chilled water systems.

[0090] Integrated energy-saving air conditioner for communication base stations: The compact and modular all-in-one unit can be directly installed in communication base stations or outdoor cabinets, solving the heat dissipation problem of base stations and reducing the electricity costs of operators.

[0091] Industrial process cooling units: providing high-efficiency chillers or direct cooling units for industrial production lines that require a stable cold source, such as injection molding, electroplating, and laser processing.

[0092] Commercial rooftop air conditioning units: suitable for large spaces such as shopping malls, factories, and exhibition halls, serving as central air conditioning units to achieve efficient cooling.

[0093] Mobile and Special Application Air Conditioning: Providing high-performance, environmentally adaptable air conditioning equipment for mobile shelters, special vehicles, temporary buildings, etc.

[0094] Comparative design calculations were performed for two different condensers under the premise of the same heat exchange capacity. Table 1 shows the comparison of the calculation results. As can be seen from Table 1, the evaporative condenser, with its extremely high heat transfer efficiency, requires only about 6.4% of the heat exchange area of ​​the air-cooled type, indicating that its core heat exchange component is very compact. In terms of system energy efficiency (COP), the evaporative condenser can maintain the refrigerant condensation temperature at 34.5℃, while the air-cooled type reaches as high as 40℃ even at an ambient temperature of 20℃. The lower condensation temperature means a significant reduction in compressor compression ratio and power consumption, resulting in a much higher COP for the entire refrigeration system than the air-cooled system. The core heat exchange tubes of the evaporative condenser are smaller, but it requires an additional water system (water pump, water tank, water distributor, baffle) and a larger fan, thus increasing the overall size and complexity of the device.

[0095] Table 1 Comparison of Parameter Calculations for Two Types of Condensers

[0096]

[0097]

[0098] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency air conditioning system based on two-stage series dual-temperature and humidity zone evaporative cooling, characterized in that, include: Compressor, primary condenser, secondary condenser, expansion valve, evaporator, main fan, evaporative cooling pad, auxiliary fan, circulating water pump, water tank, evaporative cooling pad return pipe, evaporative cooling pad supply pipe, nozzle supply pipe, atomizing nozzle; The primary condenser is an air-cooled finned condenser, with a wet curtain on its air inlet side, and the wet curtain is connected to a water circulation assembly. The secondary condenser is a bare tube condenser with a spray device on its outer periphery. The spray device is connected to the water circulation assembly, and the secondary condenser is equipped with an air inlet duct for introducing outdoor high-temperature and low-humidity air. The main fan is located inside the air outlet at the top of the system and is used to drive airflow through the wet curtain and the primary and secondary condensers; and the optional auxiliary fan is located on the air inlet side of the secondary condenser to enhance airflow.

2. The high-efficiency air conditioning system based on two-stage series dual-temperature and humidity zone evaporative cooling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The wet curtain is made of honeycomb paper material with a thickness of 50-100mm, and its surface is kept moist by a water circulation component.

3. The high-efficiency air conditioning system based on two-stage series dual-temperature and humidity zone evaporative cooling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fin spacing of the air-cooled finned condenser is 1.5 to 3 mm to accommodate the flow of humid air and reduce wind resistance.

4. The high-efficiency air conditioning system based on two-stage series dual-temperature zone evaporative cooling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary condenser is a bare tube condenser with a tube diameter of 10-16 mm and a tube spacing of 30-50 mm to facilitate uniform water film formation and air circulation.

5. The high-efficiency air conditioning system based on two-stage series dual-temperature and humidity zone evaporative cooling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle of the spraying device has an atomization particle size of 30-70 μm, which can uniformly cover the surface of the light tube.

6. The high-efficiency air conditioning system based on two-stage series dual-temperature zone evaporative cooling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet duct of the secondary condenser can be set independently or shared with the air inlet airflow section of the primary condenser, and the air distribution ratio can be adjusted by a valve device.

7. The high-efficiency air conditioning system based on two-stage series dual-temperature and humidity zone evaporative cooling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water circulation assembly includes a water tank, a water pump, pipes, and a filter. The filter is installed in the return water pipe to remove impurities and prevent clogging of the wet curtain and spray device.

8. The high-efficiency air conditioning system based on two-stage series dual-temperature and humidity zone evaporative cooling as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The primary condenser and the secondary condenser are connected in series in the refrigerant circulation loop. The high-temperature refrigerant flows through the primary condenser to complete the sensible heat pre-cooling, and then flows through the secondary condenser to complete the latent heat condensation.

9. A method for operating a high-efficiency air conditioning system based on a two-stage series dual-temperature and humidity zone evaporative cooling system as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The operation method of the high-efficiency air conditioning system based on two-stage series dual-temperature and humidity zone evaporative cooling: Step 1: Start the system. The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor enters the first-stage condenser. Step 2: The main fan drives the outdoor high-temperature, low-humidity air to flow through the humidified curtain. After the air is evaporated and cooled, it enters the first-stage condenser to initially cool the refrigerant. Step 3: The refrigerant, after initial cooling, enters the secondary condenser. At the same time, another or part of the high-temperature, low-humidity outdoor air is introduced into the secondary condenser. The spray device sprays water onto the surface of the tube. Under the air flow, the water evaporates quickly, deeply cooling the refrigerant until it is completely condensed. Step 4: The circulating water pump maintains a continuous water supply to the spray device and wet curtain, and the returned water is filtered and returned to the water tank for recycling.

10. The operation method of the high-efficiency air conditioning system based on two-stage series dual-temperature and humidity zone evaporative cooling as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The system is equipped with a controller that automatically adjusts the main / auxiliary fan speed, water pump flow rate, and spray volume according to the ambient temperature, humidity, and refrigerant temperature to achieve the optimal energy efficiency ratio.

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