Adaptability testing method for laser indicating system and semi-active laser seeker

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for testing the suitability of a laser indicating system and a semi-active laser seeker. The method comprises the following steps of: 1, selecting equipment, determining the model of a tested seeker and the model of a laser indication system, establishing a corresponding expert review group according to a selected seeker manufacturer, and assisting subsequent scheme and data analysis and suitability definition by the expert review group; 2, determining a test boundary in combination with the selected laser indication system and the seeker, and performing a step 3 after determining parameters; 3, arranging a laser indicating system and a seeker at a certain height on the ground at any distance in front of the target, and recording an output result of the seeker after the laser indicating system is used for irradiation; and step 4, a test result is submitted to an expert review group for analysis, and an adaptability conclusion or a parameter design suggestion is given. According to the method, the time for finding problems and reworking after the whole system is integrated can be shortened, and the forward design capability is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a method for testing the adaptability of a guidance device and a guided weapon, in particular to a method for testing the adaptability of a laser designator system and a semi-active laser seeker. BACKGROUND

[0002] There are two ways of laser guided weapons, active guidance and semi-active guidance. Semi-active guidance is widely used because of its long range and low difficulty. As one of the core components of guided weapons, semi-active laser seeker (hereinafter referred to as seeker) is mainly used to receive the laser reflected by the target, form the guidance command, and finally achieve the purpose of precise hit of guided weapons. Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the whole guidance process of the guided weapon can be divided into two stages. The first stage is that the laser reflected by the target after being hit by the laser emitted by the laser designator system is successfully captured by the seeker. The second stage is that after being captured, the seeker performs complex guidance operation internally, forms the guidance command, and realizes the precise attack of the guided weapon. At present, a large number of experts and scholars focus on the second stage, and the research on the first stage is still less. In the first stage, there are three reasons that affect the capture and tracking of the seeker. First, the target diffuse reflection power density, the backscattering power density and the half field angle of the seeker. After research, it is found that backscattering can be effectively avoided in actual engineering application, and the field angle of the seeker of weapon manufacturers is also large enough, which almost does not affect the capture of the seeker, so backscattering and the field angle of the seeker cannot become the main factor of the miss of the laser guided weapon. In summary, the main reason affecting the capture effect of the laser seeker is the target diffuse reflection power density, but many domestic manufacturers have difficulty in clearly stating the required target diffuse reflection power density when producing weapons, which makes the laser designator system lack targeted guidance direction in the research and development process, and often can only be designed and iterated according to the existing type design experience or the upgrading direction of the laser designator system, lacking consideration of the actual use requirements of the laser guided weapon, which may lead to poor adaptability of the laser designator system and the guided weapon.

[0003] In addition, in product integration, the guided weapon and the laser designator system are often developed, finalized and purchased separately. The overall unit can only find out the problem of poor adaptability of the laser designator system and the seeker of the guided weapon when the whole system integration is completed and actual testing is carried out, lacking test verification in the selection and even development stage. After finding out the problem, the overall unit needs to consume a lot of manpower and material resources to troubleshoot, analyze and modify, which brings great difficulty to subsequent work, and even causes larger losses such as project delay.

[0004] The conventional test method is to simply irradiate the target by a laser indication system, and to check whether the seeker can receive the diffuse reflection laser of the target, which is too simple and can only show that the seeker can normally receive the diffuse reflection echo of the target, and cannot show that the laser indication system and the seeker are well adapted. In summary, the laser indication system and the seeker lack effective adaptability test methods and means. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the problem of lack of adaptability test method of the laser indication system and the seeker, the application provides a kind of adaptability test method of the laser indication system and the semi-active laser seeker.

[0006] The application is realized by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A kind of adaptability test method of the laser indication system and the semi-active laser seeker, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step one: equipment selection, determine the model of the tested seeker and the model of the laser indication system, the selected test products all need to have test conditions, according to the selected seeker manufacturer, form the corresponding expert evaluation group, the expert evaluation group assists the subsequent scheme evaluation, data analysis and adaptability definition;

[0009] Step two: determine the test boundary combined with the selected laser indication system and the seeker, including the beam divergence angle size of the laser indication system, the distance of the laser stable irradiation that can be realized; the action distance of the guided weapon, the maximum supported off-axis angle, the action height range; whether the output range of the laser energy will affect the output result of the seeker, after determining the above parameters, proceed to step three; if it is impossible to determine the specific conditions due to some reasons, such as only needing to simply verify the influencing factors in the design stage, there is no site to meet the test conditions or the laser indication system mounting platform cannot realize different height switching problem, the test scheme can be simplified to obtain a relatively primary adaptability conclusion;

[0010] Step three: according to the site environment and technical conditions, fully consider the opinions of the expert evaluation group to lay out the target, the laser indication system and the seeker can be laid out on the ground at any distance in front of the target with a certain height, the laser indication system is installed on the moving platform, the moving platform is controlled to move along the normal direction of the target, to ensure that there is no shelter in front of the seeker, which can normally receive the laser echo, record the output result of the seeker after irradiation by the laser indication system, then adjust the distance of the laser indication system within the allowable range, until the laser indication system passes through the target, then adjust the angle and height of the laser indication system according to the site environment, continue to irradiate by the laser indication system and record the output result of the seeker;

[0011] Step four: the test results are submitted to an expert review group for analysis, and according to the changes in the irradiation distance and the result trend and the changes in the test angle and the output result trend, an adaptability conclusion or a parameter design suggestion is given.

[0012] Further, the target is a vertical target or an inclined target with a certain inclination angle according to the actual environment.

[0013] Further, the laser indication system irradiates from far to near, and the distance between each irradiation point is 1km or is adjusted and designed according to the actual environment of the site.

[0014] Further, the laser indication system is carried by a UAV, a crane or a lifting slide rail.

[0015] Further, the target is a canvas target or a diffuse reflection target.

[0016] Further, the irradiation time of the laser indication system along the normal direction is not less than 15s, and if the moving speed of the carrying platform is fast, the full coverage from far to near is realized through multiple tests.

[0017] Further, according to the maximum off-axis angle of the guided weapon, a normal parallel line is calculated at a position with a distance m from the normal of the target surface, then irradiation is carried out at a position with a distance n from the target surface along the parallel line, so as to achieve the off-axis angle, control the irradiation time of the laser indication system, record the output data of the seeker, after the test is completed, the laser indication system is adjusted to the parallel line at a position with a distance m from the other side, and the above test process is repeated, and if no special requirement is proposed by the expert review group, step four is entered.

[0018] Further, the off-axis irradiation time of the laser indication system is not less than 45s.

[0019] Further, the irradiation time can be adjusted according to the opinions of the expert review group.

[0020] The adaptability test method of the laser indication system and the seeker designed in the application can effectively test the adaptability of the two, solve the problem that the adaptability test method is lacking, can judge the adaptability of the laser indication system and the laser seeker when the product is selected or developed, adjust the design parameters in time, replace the selected product, and can reduce the time of rework after the whole system integration is completed. It can also enable the designer to have certain cognition of the overall integration result in the product selection stage, and improve the ability of positive design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the guidance process of a guided weapon;

[0022] 1 is the target, 2 is the seeker of the laser-guided weapon, 3 is the guided weapon, 4 is the laser designation system, 5 is the optical path emitted by the laser designation system, and 6 is the laser echo generated by the diffuse reflection of the target.

[0023] Figure 2 Technical roadmap for the compatibility testing method between the laser pointing system and the seeker head of this invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit planning for testing the laser pointing system and seeker head of the present invention;

[0025] 7 represents the normal direction of the target line. 主 , is the test route from far to near during the test process, with an overall length greater than L. max 8 represents the test path for the off-axis test, based on the off-axis angle θ supported by the seeker. aix Calculations were performed, where 9 represents the target illuminated by the laser pointing system, and 10 represents the illumination points of the laser pointing system during testing from far to near. Each point is approximately 1 km apart, with the farthest point being L from the target. max km, 11 is the off-axis irradiation point, and 12 is the seeker deployment position, which is about 1 km away from the target. Detailed Implementation

[0026] like Figures 1-3 As shown, the present invention is a test method for the compatibility of a laser pointing system with a semi-active laser seeker.

[0027] Overall technical route such as Figure 2 As shown. First, the models of the selected laser designation system and semi-active laser seeker are determined, and the boundary conditions for testing are established based on their performance. These boundary conditions must not exceed the performance range of either device. For example, if the selected Type A laser designation system can only achieve stable illumination at 5km, and the Type B seeker can achieve precise guidance at 10km, then only compatibility tests within 5km can be conducted, not tests within 5-10km. Secondly, an expert review group needs to be formed. Since the seeker's output results must be processed by the projectile, and different manufacturers have different data processing capabilities for seeker data, the threshold for whether the seeker's output results meet the compatibility requirements also varies. Therefore, this invention adopts an expert judgment method for the final compatibility assessment. That is, the compatibility between the laser designation system and the seeker is evaluated by experts judging the seeker's output results. The expert review group is generally composed of the seeker manufacturer or their recommended personnel, with no fewer than three members, including at least one group leader. The group leader integrates relevant opinions and provides the final compatibility conclusion.

[0028] The performance parameters that need to be determined in this invention mainly include the beam divergence angle of the laser pointing system, the adjustable energy range, the illumination distance for typical targets, and the altitude at which it can operate stably; the effective range of the laser semi-active seeker, the minimum operating altitude, maximum operating altitude, and typical operating altitude after integration into the projectile body, whether it can support off-axis launch, and the maximum off-axis angle, etc. Based on the above information, the following four test items are defined: 1. Determine the farthest test distance L based on the effective range of the seeker and the laser pointing system. max 2. The maximum off-axis angle θ that guided weapons can support aix 3. The flight altitude for the test, which typically needs to include the maximum operating altitude H based on the seeker or laser designation system. max and minimum working height H min Whether other heights are required can be decided based on the expert review panel's recommendations. 4. The range of laser energy that the guide head is compatible with: Based on the expert review panel's confirmation, whether the laser energy of the laser indicator system is within the range that the guide head is compatible with. If it is fully compatible, then the laser energy need not be considered.

[0029] Based on the determined relevant parameters, this invention designs a testing method for the compatibility of a laser pointing system and a laser seeker. First, a target is erected on the ground, ensuring its surface is perpendicular to the ground. Typically, a canvas target is used, but it can be replaced based on the expert review panel's feedback. Then, a laser seeker is erected approximately 1 km away from the target to receive the diffuse reflection echo generated after the laser pointing system illuminates the target. During deployment, it is crucial to ensure there are no obstructions between the seeker and the target surface to prevent the laser echo from being blocked. The laser pointing system is carried by a platform along the normal direction of the target, denoted as line. 主 The laser pointer moves from far to near until it passes the indicated target. The furthest illumination position should be the furthest distance L from the target being tested. max The horizontal distance interval between the laser designation system's illumination positions should be 1km, and the illumination time should be no less than 15s. If the platform on which it is mounted moves at a high speed, full coverage from far to near can be achieved through multiple tests. If the projectile supports off-axis angles, then in line... 主 At the same altitude, design another parallel line a km away. a According to its off-axis angle θ aix Calculate the horizontal distance L between the target and the laser designator system during off-axis illumination. 距 Its formula is On Line a Select distance from target L 距 Off-axis irradiation is performed at the designated points, with an irradiation time typically not less than 45 seconds. The overall test route is planned as follows: Figure 3 As shown. The above tests must be conducted at the highest working height H.max , minimum operating height H min or expert review group requirements are repeated. During the test, the results of each seeker output are recorded, and the data are statistically analyzed according to the irradiation level distance and off-axis angle. The processed statistical results are submitted to the expert review group for review, and the final conclusion is given by the expert review group.

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] The present application provides a kind of laser indicating system and the test method of seeker compatibility, its test method includes the following steps, step one: determine the seeker model and laser indicating system model to be tested, selected test product needs to have test condition, at least in engineering prototype stage, it is strictly forbidden to use the product of unstable technical state to participate in the test, then according to the selected seeker manufacturer corresponding expert review group is formed, expert review group assists subsequent scheme formulation and data analysis. Step two: determine test boundary in combination with selected laser indicating system and seeker, the beam spread angle of the selected A type laser indicating system is 0.1 mrad, can realize 30km laser stable irradiation, the action distance of B type guided weapon is 14km, the maximum support off-axis angle is 30 °, the action height is between 1km and 3km, and laser energy has no effect on seeker output. After determining the above parameters, step three is carried out: formulate test scheme, expert review group opinions need to be fully considered in the process of formulating, if there is no special requirement, then erect canvas vertical target in test site, then erect the seeker of B type guided weapon at 1km from target surface, when erecting, it needs to ensure that there is no shelter in front of seeker, and laser echo can be normally received. Then plan laser indicating system irradiation scheme, first, install laser indicating system on mobile platform, so that laser indicating system can move at different distances and different heights, the platform used in the present application is unmanned aerial vehicle. Then control unmanned aerial vehicle to move along the normal direction of target, the relative height from target surface is 1km, first control laser indicating system to irradiate target at 14km from target, the irradiation time is 17s, whether laser echo can be received by seeker is observed, and the seeker output result is recorded, then control unmanned aerial vehicle to keep the relative height unchanged, and advance to 13km to irradiate, record the seeker output result, and so on until unmanned aerial vehicle flies over target. Then according to the maximum off-axis angle of guided weapon, calculate the normal parallel line at 3km from the normal direction of target surface, then irradiate at 6km from target, to achieve 30 ° off-axis angle, control laser indicating system to irradiate for 60s, and record the seeker output data. After the test, the height of unmanned aerial vehicle is raised to 3km, and the above test process is repeated, if expert review group does not propose special height requirement, then enter step four. Step four: expert review group analyzes the seeker data results collected in step three, and gives compatibility conclusion.

[0032] Embodiment 2:

[0033] The application provides another kind of laser indication system and seeker compatibility test method, which includes the following steps, step one: determine the type of the tested seeker and the type of the laser indication system, the selected test products must have test conditions, at least in the engineering prototype stage, and it is strictly forbidden to use the products in unstable technical state to participate in the subsequent test, then according to the selected seeker manufacturer, the corresponding expert evaluation group is formed, which assists the subsequent scheme formulation and data analysis. Step two: determine the test boundary according to the selected laser indication system and seeker, if some reasons lead to the failure to determine the specific conditions, such as the need for simple verification of influencing factors in the design stage, the existence of site that cannot meet the test conditions or platform that cannot realize different height switching and other problems, the test scheme can be simplified to obtain a more preliminary compatibility conclusion. Step three: according to the on-site environment and technical conditions, the target can be laid out in the field according to the opinions of the expert evaluation group, the laser indication system and the seeker are laid out on the ground in front of the target (or at a specific height) at any distance, the output result of the seeker is recorded after irradiation using the laser indication system, then the distance, angle and height of the laser indication system are adjusted as much as possible within the allowable range of conditions, the output result of the seeker is recorded after irradiation using the laser indication system. The test results are analyzed by the expert evaluation group, the compatibility conclusion or parameter design suggestions can be given according to the change of irradiation distance and result trend, test angle and output result trend and other data, which can provide certain support for the subsequent work, and more detailed verification and determination of compatibility can be carried out after the design is finalized.

[0034] In the application:

[0035] Laser indication system: generally composed of laser irradiation system and imaging system, the laser irradiation system is a device for emitting laser to the target, and the imaging system is a device for imaging the target;

[0036] Semi-active laser seeker: one of the core components of laser guided weapons, used to capture laser diffuse reflection echo and provide target position information, so as to realize the purpose of accurate hitting of guided weapons.

Claims

1. A method for testing the compatibility of a laser designator system with a semi-active laser seeker, the method comprising: It comprises the following steps: ​ Step one: equipment selection, determine the seeker type and laser designator system type to be tested, the selected test products must have test conditions, according to the selected seeker manufacturer to form the corresponding expert review group, the expert review group assists the subsequent scheme review, data analysis and suitability definition; Step two: determine the test boundary in combination with the selected laser designator system and seeker, including the beam divergence angle of the laser designator system, the distance of the laser stable irradiation that can be achieved, the maximum off-axis angle and the action height range of the guided weapon, whether the output range of the laser energy will affect the output result of the seeker, after determining the above parameters, proceed to step three; if some reasons lead to the inability to determine the specific conditions, such as the need for simple verification of influencing factors in the design stage, the site cannot meet the test conditions or the laser designator system mounting platform cannot realize different height switching problems, the test scheme can be simplified to obtain a relatively preliminary suitability conclusion; Step three: according to the site environment and technical conditions, fully consider the opinions of the expert review group to lay out the target, the laser designator system and the seeker can be laid out on the ground at any distance in front of the target with a certain height, the laser designator system is installed on the moving platform, the moving platform is controlled to move along the normal direction of the target, to ensure that there is no obstruction in front of the seeker, the laser echo can be normally received, the output result of the seeker is recorded after irradiation using the laser designator system, then the distance of the laser designator system is adjusted until the laser designator system passes through the target, then the angle and height of the laser designator system are adjusted according to the site environment, and the output result of the seeker is recorded after irradiation using the laser designator system; Step four: the test results are submitted to the expert review group for analysis, and according to the changes of the irradiation distance and the result trend, as well as the changes of the test angle and the output result trend data, the suitability conclusion or parameter design suggestion is given.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: determining a laser designation system and semi-active laser seeker compatibility test method. The target is a vertical target placed perpendicular to the ground or a inclined target with a certain inclination angle according to the actual environment.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: determining a laser designation system and semi-active laser seeker compatibility test method. The laser designator system irradiates from far to near, and the distance between each irradiation point is 1km or adjusted and designed according to the actual environment of the site.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: determining a laser designation system and semi-active laser seeker compatibility test method. The laser designator system mounting platform is a unmanned aerial vehicle, a crane or a lifting slide rail.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: determining a laser designation system and semi-active laser seeker compatibility test method. The target is a canvas target or a diffuse reflection target.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: determining a laser designation system and semi-active laser seeker compatibility test. The irradiation time of the laser designator system along the normal direction is not less than 15s, if the moving speed of the mounting platform is fast, the full coverage from far to near is realized through multiple tests. After the test is completed, the height of the laser designator system is adjusted, and the above test process is repeated.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: determining a laser designation system and semi-active laser seeker compatibility test. According to the maximum off-axis angle of the guided weapon, a parallel line to the normal line is calculated at a distance m from the target surface normal, then irradiation is carried out at a horizontal distance n from the target on the parallel line to achieve the off-axis angle, the irradiation time of the laser designator system is controlled, the output data of the seeker is recorded, after the test is completed, the laser designator system is adjusted to the parallel line at a distance m from the other side, the above test process is repeated, if the expert review group does not propose special requirements, step four is entered.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the method further comprises: determining the laser designator system and semi-active laser seeker compatibility by comparing the laser designator system and semi-active laser seeker compatibility data to the laser designator system and semi-active laser seeker compatibility criteria. The off-axis irradiation time of the laser designator system is not less than 45s.

9. The method of claim 1-8, wherein the method is characterized by: The irradiation time can be adjusted according to the opinions of the expert review group.

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