Precision calibration method for tracking type laser scanner

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser scanners, in particular to a tracking type laser scanner precision calibration method, which comprises the following steps: selecting a standard block gauge with a corresponding thickness from a standard block gauge set, and constructing a gap simulation test piece or a step difference simulation test piece through lapping; acquiring a reference value of the simulation test piece by using high-precision metering equipment, driving a to-be-calibrated tracking type laser scanner to scan the simulation test piece at a plurality of measurement positions for multiple times, and recording original measurement data; based on the reference value and the original measurement data, a measurement error and a repeatability error are calculated, and the measurement precision of the tracking type laser scanner is evaluated; and if the measurement precision does not meet the preset standard, establishing a segmented error model through multi-distance data acquisition, calibrating compensation parameters and dynamically correcting a measurement value in real time. The precision of gap and order difference measurement of the tracking type laser scanner can be improved, the cost is low, and the operation is convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of laser scanner technology, and more particularly to a method for calibrating the accuracy of a tracking laser scanner. Background Technology

[0002] Tracking laser scanners are widely used in industrial inspection for measuring features such as gaps and step differences. However, their accuracy calibration has long relied on standard spheres or fixed targets. While standard spheres can verify spatial coordinate accuracy using traditional methods, they cannot effectively simulate the minute gaps and step differences below the millimeter level in actual working conditions, leading to a disconnect between calibration results and engineering requirements. Linear targets, due to their minimum scale limitation (typically ≥0.5mm), are insufficient for high-precision measurement. Existing improvements, such as piezoelectric ceramic drive devices, can achieve micrometer-level adjustment, but suffer from complex structures, high maintenance costs, and low calibration efficiency.

[0003] Existing technologies suffer from several problems: First, the calibration accuracy does not match engineering requirements: traditional standard sphere methods cannot effectively verify the scanner's ability to measure sub-millimeter gaps (<0.5mm) and step differences, leading to a disconnect between calibration results and practical applications. Second, high equipment cost and operational complexity: existing micron-level calibration devices require complex mechanical structures and high maintenance costs, and each calibration is time-consuming. Third, insufficient simulation accuracy: traditional step gauges, due to processing errors (≥0.02mm) and material limitations, struggle to stably reproduce 0.01mm-level engineering features. Therefore, the industry urgently needs a calibration method that can accurately simulate sub-millimeter-level engineering features while also possessing high stability, low cost, and ease of operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method for calibrating the accuracy of a tracking laser scanner to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The accuracy calibration method for the tracking laser scanner includes: Select standard gauge blocks of appropriate thickness from the standard gauge block set, and construct gap simulation specimens or step difference simulation specimens by lapping them together; High-precision metrology equipment is used to collect the baseline values ​​of the simulated specimen, and the tracking laser scanner to be calibrated is driven to scan the simulated specimen multiple times at multiple measurement positions to record the original measurement data. Based on the reference value and the original measurement data, the measurement error and repeatability error are calculated, and the measurement accuracy of the tracking laser scanner is evaluated. If the measurement accuracy does not meet the preset standard, a segmented error model is established by collecting data from multiple distances, the compensation parameters are calibrated, and the measured values ​​are dynamically corrected in real time.

[0006] Furthermore, before selecting standard gauge blocks of appropriate thickness from the standard gauge block set and constructing the gap simulation specimen or step difference simulation specimen through lapping, the process further includes: High-precision standard gauge blocks calibrated by authoritative metrology institutions are selected. The mating surfaces of the standard gauge blocks are cleaned and ensured to be flat and free of defects. At the same time, stable measurement environment conditions are set.

[0007] Furthermore, the flatness of the standard gauge block is ≤0.05μm.

[0008] Furthermore, before selecting standard gauge blocks of appropriate thickness from the standard gauge block set and constructing the gap simulation specimen or step difference simulation specimen through lapping, the process further includes: Based on the design parameters of the target measurement object, determine the gap simulation range and the step difference simulation range.

[0009] Furthermore, the gap simulation range is 0.01mm-5.0mm, and the step difference simulation range is 0.01mm-2.0mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the step of selecting standard gauge blocks of appropriate thickness from the standard gauge block set and constructing gap simulation specimens or step difference simulation specimens through lapping includes: For gap simulation, at least three standard gauge blocks are lapped together so that the reference gauge blocks on both sides and the gap gauge block in the middle form a parallel gap of a predetermined width. For step difference simulation, standard gauge blocks of different thicknesses are partially overlapped and lapped onto a reference gauge block to form a vertical step difference of a predetermined height.

[0011] Furthermore, for the step difference simulation, after partially overlapping and lapping standard gauge blocks of different thicknesses onto a reference gauge block to form a vertical step difference of a predetermined height, the method further includes: Use a high-precision right-angle ruler to calibrate the step difference edge after the standard block gauges are overlapped, ensuring that the step difference surface is perpendicular to the reference surface and the edge is flat and burr-free.

[0012] Furthermore, the step of establishing a piecewise error model through multi-distance data acquisition, calibrating compensation parameters, and dynamically correcting measured values ​​in real time includes: Data was collected within different measurement distance ranges to establish a mapping model reflecting the relationship between measurement distance and measurement error; The compensation parameters for each distance interval are calibrated and stored in the tracking laser scanner, enabling the tracking laser scanner to call up the corresponding compensation parameters based on the real-time measured distance and perform dynamic error compensation on the original measurement value.

[0013] Furthermore, the mapping model is a piecewise function, which is constructed by using polynomial fitting, linear fitting, or a model combining optical attenuation characteristics for different distance intervals, and the model parameters are calculated by the least squares method.

[0014] Furthermore, the tracking laser scanner incorporates an adaptive learning mechanism that dynamically updates the compensation parameters based on newly acquired measurement data to correct accuracy drift over long-term use.

[0015] The above-mentioned technical solution of this application has the following advantages: The tracking laser scanner accuracy calibration method provided in this application involves selecting standard gauge blocks of appropriate thickness from a standard gauge block set, constructing gap or step difference simulation specimens through lamination, acquiring the reference value of the simulation specimen using a high-precision metrology device, driving the tracking laser scanner to be calibrated to scan the simulation specimen multiple times at multiple measurement positions, recording the original measurement data, calculating the measurement error and repeatability error based on the reference value and the original measurement data, evaluating the measurement accuracy of the tracking laser scanner, and establishing a piecewise error model through multi-distance data acquisition, calibrating compensation parameters, and dynamically correcting the measurement value in real time if the measurement accuracy does not meet the preset standard. This method can improve the accuracy of the tracking laser scanner in measuring gaps and steps, and is low in cost and easy to operate. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the standard block-scale pseudo-gap structure provided for this application (taking a 1.0mm gap as an example); Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the standard block-scale pseudo-step difference structure provided for this application (taking a 0.1mm step difference as an example).

[0018] Attached reference numerals: 1 for 10mm gauge block, 2 for 1.0mm gauge block, 3 for 20mm gauge block, 4 for 1.5mm gauge block, 5 for 1.6mm gauge block, and 6 for 10mm gauge block. Detailed Implementation

[0019] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of this application. However, those skilled in the art will understand that this application may also be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of this application with unnecessary detail.

[0020] It should be understood that, when used in this application specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of the described features, integrals, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components and / or a collection thereof.

[0021] Furthermore, in the description of this application and the appended claims, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0022] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that one or more embodiments of this application include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," "in still other embodiments," etc., appearing in different parts of this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more, but not all, embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "comprising," "including," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. "A plurality" means "two or more."

[0023] The specific embodiments of this application will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this application, but are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0024] This application provides a precision calibration method for a tracking laser scanner. Addressing the limitations of existing calibration methods, such as their inability to accurately simulate sub-millimeter gaps / step differences, high cost, and complex operation, this method utilizes the lapping characteristics of high-precision standard gauge blocks (flatness ≤0.05μm) to construct simulated specimens with gaps of 0.01-5mm and step differences of 0.01-2mm through modular assembly. The method includes: pre-processing the standard gauge blocks and cleaning the lapping surfaces; forming simulated gaps / step differences through lapping the gauge blocks in a constant temperature and humidity environment; acquiring reference data using a coordinate measuring machine; driving the scanner to perform multiple measurements at multiple positions within a range of 200-500mm; calculating measurement errors and repeatability; and innovatively introducing a distance-segmented compensation algorithm. This algorithm establishes a segmented error model (quadratic polynomial for near-range, linear for mid-range, and optical attenuation compensation for long-range) through multi-distance data acquisition, calibrating compensation parameters, and dynamically correcting measured values ​​in real time, supporting adaptive learning and updating of the parameter library. This method highly simulates real measurement scenarios, comprehensively evaluates and effectively improves the accuracy of tracking laser scanners in measuring slit gaps and step differences, and has wide applicability, meeting the needs of high-precision industries such as aerospace and automotive manufacturing.

[0025] The accuracy calibration method for this tracking laser scanner specifically includes the following steps: 1.1 Select high-precision standard gauge blocks calibrated by an authoritative metrology institution, clean the mating surfaces of the gauge blocks and ensure that they are flat and free of defects, and set stable measurement environment conditions. 1.2 Based on the design parameters of the target measurement object, determine the range of the gap and step difference to be simulated; 1.3 Select gauge blocks of appropriate thickness from the standard gauge block set and construct a simulated specimen through lapping: For gap simulation, at least three gauge blocks are lapped together so that the reference gauge blocks on both sides and the gap gauge block in the middle form a parallel gap of a predetermined width. For step difference simulation, blocks of different thicknesses are overlapped and lapped onto a reference block to form a vertical step difference of a predetermined height. 1.4 Use high-precision metrology equipment to collect the baseline values ​​of the simulated specimen, drive the tracking laser scanner to be calibrated to scan the simulated specimen multiple times at multiple measurement positions, and record the original measurement data; 1.5 Based on the reference value and the original measurement data, calculate the measurement error and repeatability error, and evaluate the measurement accuracy of the scanner; 1.6 If the measurement accuracy does not meet the preset standard, perform calibration and adjustment through the following steps: Data was collected within different measurement distance ranges to establish a mapping model reflecting the relationship between measurement distance and measurement error; The compensation parameters for each distance interval are calibrated and stored in the scanner, enabling the scanner to call up the corresponding compensation parameters based on the real-time measured distance and perform dynamic error compensation on the original measurement value.

[0026] The simulated specimen is constructed through a tight fit of the gauge blocks, ensuring that the parallelism of the simulated gaps and the perpendicularity of the simulated steps meet the requirements for high-precision measurement. The mapping model is a piecewise function, constructed using polynomial fitting, linear fitting, or models incorporating optical attenuation characteristics for different distance intervals, and the model parameters are calculated using the least squares method. The scanner has a built-in adaptive learning mechanism that dynamically updates the compensation parameters based on newly acquired measurement data to correct for accuracy drift over long-term use. The standard gauge blocks do not require a dedicated drive device; high-precision simulation of minute gaps and steps in engineering practice can be achieved solely through lamination.

[0027] The focus of this application is: 1. Engineering Reconstruction Application of Standard Blocks Utilizing the characteristics of gauge block lapping (flatness ≤ 0.05μm), a modular assembly is used to construct: parallel gap simulation: multiple gauge blocks are lapping side by side to form a continuously adjustable gap of 0.01-5mm (e.g., Figure 1As shown, a 20mm and 30mm reference gauge block with a 1.0mm gap gauge block are used; vertical step difference simulation: gauge blocks with thickness difference are stacked to form a 0.01-2mm stepped structure (e.g. Figure 2 As shown, 1.6mm and 1.5mm gauge blocks are stacked on top of the reference gauge block, forming a 0.1mm step difference.

[0028] No additional equipment system: Only a standard gauge block kit is required, without the need for dedicated drive or fixing equipment, breaking through the structural limitations of traditional calibration tools.

[0029] 2. Innovation in end-to-end error compensation algorithm Segmented modeling: For different measurement distances (near distance 100-300mm, medium distance 300-500mm, long distance 500-800mm), quadratic polynomial fitting (near distance optical distortion), linear fitting (medium distance attenuation) and optical attenuation compensation model (long distance path loss) are used respectively to construct distance-error mapping functions (such as ΔD(L)=kL+b, α(L)=1 / (1+βL)).

[0030] Adaptive learning mechanism: By dynamically updating the compensation parameter library through real-time measurement data, it automatically corrects accuracy drift caused by equipment aging, environmental changes, etc., and achieves "one-time calibration, long-term self-adaptation".

[0031] Based on the fitting characteristics of standard gauge blocks (flatness ≤ 0.05 μm), this application achieves high-precision simulation of gaps (0.01-5 mm) and step differences (0.01-2 mm) through modular combination, effectively overcoming the limitations of existing technologies.

[0032] The following description uses specific embodiments. The description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present application by illustrating examples. The present application is by no means limited to any specific setups and methods presented below, but covers any improvements, substitutions, and modifications to the structure, method, and device without departing from the spirit of the present application. Well-known structures and techniques are not shown in the accompanying drawings and the following description to avoid unnecessary ambiguity regarding the present application.

[0033] Example 1. Standard block preprocessing We use a high-precision standard gauge block set. All gauge blocks in this set have been rigorously calibrated by authoritative metrology institutions, possessing precisely known thickness values ​​with minimal thickness deviation. Furthermore, the mating surfaces of the gauge blocks undergo high-precision grinding, achieving an extremely high standard of flatness, free from scratches, wear, or other defects. Before use, carefully clean the mating surfaces of the gauge blocks with a special cleaning agent and a lint-free cloth to remove dust, oil, and other impurities, ensuring cleanliness and avoiding any impact on mating accuracy.

[0034] 2. Environmental Conditions Setting A constant temperature and humidity measurement environment was selected, with the temperature controlled at (20±2)℃ and the relative humidity maintained at (50±5)%, to reduce the impact of environmental temperature and humidity changes on the gauge block dimensions and scanner measurement accuracy. Simultaneously, it was ensured that there were no significant vibration sources in the measurement area to avoid vibration interfering with the measurement process.

[0035] 3. Construction of the Simulated Gap Calibration Module Gap range determination: Based on the design gap range of the target measurement object (such as aircraft skin seams), determine the gap simulation range required for calibration, for example, 0.01mm-5.0mm.

[0036] Block combination design: Select three blocks, two of which are used as reference support blocks (thickness H1 and H2), and place a gap block with thickness d in the middle to form a parallel gap with width d.

[0037] Lamination and Assembly: The selected gauge blocks are tightly fitted together, and uniform pressure is applied to ensure no lateral misalignment, forming a simulated gap specimen; Example: (e.g.) Figure 1 As shown, when simulating a 1.0mm gap, 20mm and 30mm reference gauge blocks are used, with a 1.0mm gap gauge block embedded in the middle to form a 1.0mm parallel gap between the two reference gauge blocks.

[0038] 4. Construction of the Simulated Step Calibration Module Step range determination: Based on the design step range of the target measurement object, determine the step simulation range required for calibration, such as 0.01mm-2.0mm.

[0039] Block stacking design: Select two blocks with a thickness difference of Δh (h3 and h4, h3>h4), and a reference block with a thickness of H; use the reference block as the base, and place the h3 and h4 blocks partially overlapping on the reference block, so that the non-overlapping parts of the two form a step difference of height Δh.

[0040] Positioning and calibration: Use a high-precision right-angle ruler to calibrate the step edges after the gauge blocks are stacked, ensuring that the step surface is perpendicular to the reference plane and the edges are smooth and burr-free; Example: Figure 2 As shown, when simulating a 0.1mm step difference, 1.6mm and 1.5mm gauge blocks are selected and overlapped on a 10mm reference gauge block to form a 0.1mm vertical step difference.

[0041] 5. Scanner calibration measurement Baseline data acquisition: Using a coordinate measuring machine or a metrology device with higher accuracy than a scanner, the simulated gap and step difference specimens were measured three times repeatedly, and the average value was taken as the baseline value (d0, Δh0).

[0042] Scanner measurement: Aim the tracking laser scanner at the simulated specimen and select five different measurement positions within a range of 200mm-500mm from the specimen. Perform ten repeated scans at each position to measure the gap or step difference, and record the measured values ​​(d). i ,Δh i ).

[0043] Accuracy assessment: Calculate the error of a single measurement (|d i -d0|,|Δh i -Δh0|), repeatability error (standard deviation of measured values), verify whether the scanner meets the design accuracy requirements (e.g., gap measurement error ≤ ±5μm, step difference measurement error ≤ ±3μm).

[0044] 6. Calibration, Adjustment and Verification Calibration algorithm model establishment and compensation parameter calculation: Multi-distance data acquisition: During the simulation calibration process, in addition to multi-position measurements, measurements are performed on the same simulated specimen at different measurement distance ranges (e.g., close distance 100-300mm, medium distance 300-500mm, and long distance 500-800mm). Five typical distance points are selected within each distance range (e.g., 200mm, 300mm, 400mm, 500mm, and 600mm), and each distance point is measured 20 times. The original measurement value D is recorded. raw Compared with the actual value D true ; Error model construction: For each distance interval, establish a distance-error mapping model; Define the measured distance L, and the error ΔD = D raw -D true ; Piecewise polynomial fitting or neural network model is used to fit the functional relationship of ΔD(L) within each distance interval; The mid-range interval is fitted to a linear function: ΔD(L) = kL + b; In the long-distance range, combined with optical attenuation characteristics, a distance compensation coefficient α(L)=1 / (1+βL) is introduced to construct an error model.

[0045] Compensation parameter calibration: The model parameters (e.g., a2, a1, a0, k, b, β) for each interval are calculated using the least squares method, forming a calibration compensation parameter library, which is stored in the scanner's built-in memory. The parameter library includes: the division thresholds for each distance interval (e.g., 100-300mm, 300-500mm, 500-800mm), the error compensation functions and coefficients for the corresponding intervals, and the specific compensation parameters for different gap / step types (e.g., 0.1mm step difference, 1mm gap).

[0046] Real-time automatic compensation algorithm: Real-time distance monitoring: The scanner's built-in laser ranging module or structured light triangulation method can be used to obtain the current measurement distance L in real time. cur Determine its distance range (e.g., medium distance 300-500mm).

[0047] Dynamic compensation calculation: Based on the type of the measured object (gap or step difference) and the current distance range, the corresponding compensation parameters are called to adjust the original measured value D. raw Perform real-time correction: D cal =D raw -ΔD(L cur ), where ΔD(L cur ) represents the prediction error value for the corresponding distance interval.

[0048] Compensation accuracy verification: After each compensation, 10% of the measurement points are automatically selected and compared with the actual value of the standard gauge block to verify whether the error after compensation has converged to the allowable range (e.g., gap measurement error ≤ ±5μm, step difference measurement error ≤ ±3μm). If not, an adaptive learning mechanism is triggered to update the compensation parameter library using new measurement data.

[0049] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: 1. Improved accuracy: Achieves accurate simulation of gaps / step differences down to 0.01mm; 2. Cost savings: Reduced equipment investment and maintenance costs; 3. Optimized efficiency: Single calibration time ≤ 5 minutes; 4. Enhanced engineering adaptability: Supports 0.05mm accuracy verification required by standards in automotive manufacturing, aerospace, and other industries; 5. Precise compensation for distance-related errors: Through segmented modeling and parameter calibration, the distance-related errors caused by optical path attenuation and incident angle changes in laser scanners are resolved, ensuring that measurement accuracy at different distances meets industrial-grade requirements; 6. Automated calibration and real-time compensation: The combination of calibration parameter library and real-time compensation algorithm achieves "one-time calibration, full-process compensation," eliminating the need for manual intervention and significantly improving measurement efficiency, especially suitable for rapid high-precision measurements under complex on-site conditions; 7. Adaptive error correction capability: Introduces an adaptive learning mechanism that dynamically updates compensation parameters to adapt to accuracy drift caused by equipment aging and environmental changes during long-term use, ensuring the long-term measurement stability of the scanner; 8. Ease of operation: No professional training is required; ordinary inspection personnel can complete the entire operation.

[0050] It should be clarified that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. This application is not limited to the specific structures described above and shown in the figures. Furthermore, for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of known methods and techniques are omitted here.

[0051] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and should all be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method of precision calibration of a tracking laser scanner, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: Selecting a standard block gauge with a corresponding thickness from a standard block gauge set to construct a gap simulation test piece or a step simulation test piece by grinding; Using high-precision measuring equipment to collect the reference value of the simulation test piece, driving the tracking laser scanner to be calibrated to scan the simulation test piece multiple times at multiple measurement positions, and recording the original measurement data; Based on the reference value and the original measurement data, calculating the measurement error and the repeatability error to evaluate the measurement accuracy of the tracking laser scanner; If the measurement accuracy does not meet the preset standard, a segmented error model is established by collecting multi-distance data, the compensation parameters are calibrated, and the measurement value is dynamically corrected in real time.

2. The method of accuracy calibration of a tracking laser scanner of claim 1, wherein, Before the step of selecting a standard block gauge with a corresponding thickness from a standard block gauge set to construct a gap simulation test piece or a step simulation test piece, the method further comprises the following steps: Selecting a high-precision standard block gauge calibrated by an authoritative metrological institution, cleaning the grinding surface of the standard block gauge and ensuring that it is flat and defect-free, and setting stable measurement environment conditions.

3. The method of accuracy calibration of a tracking laser scanner of claim 2, wherein, The flatness of the standard block gauge is ≤0.05 μm.

4. The method of precision calibration of a tracking laser scanner of claim 1, wherein, Before the step of selecting a standard block gauge with a corresponding thickness from a standard block gauge set to construct a gap simulation test piece or a step simulation test piece, the method further comprises the following steps: According to the design parameters of the target measurement object, determining the gap simulation range and the step simulation range.

5. The method of accuracy calibration of a tracking laser scanner of claim 4, wherein, The gap simulation range is 0.01 mm-5.0 mm, and the step simulation range is 0.01 mm-2.0 mm.

6. The method of precision calibration of a tracking laser scanner of claim 1, wherein, The step of selecting a standard block gauge with a corresponding thickness from a standard block gauge set to construct a gap simulation test piece or a step simulation test piece comprises the following steps: For gap simulation, at least three standard block gauges are ground together to form a parallel gap with a predetermined width between the two reference block gauges and the middle gap block gauge; For step simulation, standard block gauges with different thicknesses are partially overlapped and ground on the reference block gauge to form a vertical step with a predetermined height.

7. The method of precision calibration of a tracking laser scanner of claim 6, wherein, After the step of partially overlapping and grinding standard block gauges with different thicknesses on the reference block gauge to form a vertical step with a predetermined height, the method further comprises the following steps: Using a high-precision right-angle ruler to calibrate the step edge of the overlapped standard block gauges to ensure that the step surface is perpendicular to the reference surface and the edge is flat and free of burrs.

8. The method of precision calibration of a tracking laser scanner of claim 1, wherein, The step of establishing a segmented error model by collecting multi-distance data, calibrating compensation parameters, and dynamically correcting measurement values in real time comprises the following steps: Collecting data in different measurement distance intervals to establish a mapping model reflecting the relationship between measurement distance and measurement error; Calibrating compensation parameters for each distance interval and storing them in the tracking laser scanner, so that the tracking laser scanner can call the corresponding compensation parameters according to the real-time measurement distance to dynamically compensate the original measurement value.

9. The method of accuracy calibration of a tracking laser scanner of claim 8, wherein, The mapping model is a segmented function, which is constructed by polynomial fitting, linear fitting, or a model combining optical attenuation characteristics for different distance intervals, and the model parameters are calculated by the least squares method.

10. The method of accuracy calibration of a tracking laser scanner of claim 1, wherein, The tracking laser scanner is provided with an adaptive learning mechanism, which dynamically updates the compensation parameters according to newly collected measurement data to correct the accuracy drift in long-term use.

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