Volume measurement device and volume measurement method for heat exchanger of dilution refrigerator

Abstract

The invention provides a volume measurement device and a volume measurement method of a heat exchanger of a dilution refrigerator, and relates to the technical field of volume measurement and dilution refrigerators. The volume measuring device comprises a reference container, a pressure regulating assembly, a first valve and a pressure gauge. The reference container is used for being connected with a to-be-measured container and is provided with a first cylinder and a second cylinder which are in sliding connection with each other, and the second cylinder is suitable for reciprocating sliding relative to the first cylinder in the axial direction so as to change the volume of the reference container. The pressure gauge is adapted to measure the internal pressure of the reference vessel. The first valve is arranged between the reference container and the to-be-tested container. The pressure regulating assembly responds to the first valve which is opened for the first time, regulates the pressure in the reference container and the to-be-tested container to the reference pressure, and closes the first valve; the pressure of the reference container is adjusted to the first pressure, the first valve is opened again, and the reading of the pressure meter is reduced to the second pressure; and then the second cylinder is driven to slide towards the first cylinder until the reading of the pressure gauge is recovered to the first pressure.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of volume measurement and dilution refrigerator, and more particularly, to a volume measurement device and a volume measurement method of a heat exchanger of a dilution refrigerator. BACKGROUND

[0002] In many fields such as industrial production, chemical analysis, food and beverage, and warehouse logistics, accurate measurement of the volume of a container is a basic and key technical requirement. For containers with regular shapes such as cubes and cylinders, the volume can be easily calculated by measuring the geometric dimensions, which is simple and accurate. However, in practical applications, there are a large number of containers with irregular shapes and complex structures, such as unique design of handicraft packaging, ergonomic bottles and cans, special-shaped industrial storage tanks, and parts with complex cavities inside. The inner cavity profile of these containers cannot be described by a simple geometric model, making it difficult for traditional length measurement-based methods to be applicable or even impossible to implement.

[0003] Currently, for volume measurement of irregularly shaped containers, the following two methods are traditionally used: liquid filling method (or drainage method), which involves injecting a liquid with a known density (usually water) into the container to be measured until the scale is full, then weighing or measuring the volume of the liquid used to obtain the volume of the container. Although the principle of this method is simple, it is not suitable for containers that are easily corroded, easily absorb water, or sensitive to moisture. Liquid surface tension, bubble residue, and reading parallax can introduce significant errors. Moreover, this method is destructive or contact-based measurement and cannot be used for containers in sterile or clean environments. Three-dimensional scanning reconstruction method, which uses a three-dimensional scanning device to obtain point cloud data of the inner and outer surfaces of the container, and then reconstructs a three-dimensional digital model of the container through computer software to calculate its internal volume. This method has high accuracy, but the equipment is expensive and highly specialized, the data processing process is complex and time-consuming, and it has high requirements for the optical properties of the container surface.

[0004] Therefore, either the measurement requirement of rapid, non-destructive, and non-contact cannot be met, or it is difficult to popularize due to cost and operational complexity. In related technologies, there is also a method based on Boyle's law to measure the volume by inflating and changing the air pressure, but its measurement accuracy is not high, and it needs to consider multiple factors and complex calculations to improve accuracy. Therefore, how to provide a volume measurement device that can accurately and quickly measure the volume of irregularly shaped containers has become a technical problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0005] Therefore, the present application provides a volume measurement device that can conveniently and quickly measure the volume of a container to be measured with high accuracy through the cooperation of a reference container with variable volume and a pressure regulating assembly.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present application provides a volume measuring device, comprising a reference container, a first cylinder and a second cylinder which are slidably connected to each other, the second cylinder is adapted to reciprocally slide along an axial direction relative to the first cylinder to change the volume of the reference container, a pressure gauge adapted to measure the internal pressure of the reference container, a first valve arranged between the reference container and the container to be measured, a pressure regulating assembly configured to regulate the pressure in the reference container and the container to be measured to a reference pressure and close the first valve in response to the first valve being initially opened, then regulate the pressure in the reference container to a first pressure and open the first valve again so that the pressure gauge reading drops to a second pressure, and then drive the second cylinder to slide towards the first cylinder until the pressure gauge reading returns to the first pressure.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present application, the pressure regulating assembly is configured to inflate the reference container and the container to be measured until the pressure gauge displays the reference pressure in response to the first valve being opened.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present application, the pressure regulating assembly is configured to evacuate the reference container and the container to be measured to a vacuum in response to the first valve being opened.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present application, the pressure regulating assembly comprises an inflation pump adapted to inflate the reference container and / or the container to be measured, and a vacuum pump adapted to evacuate the reference container and / or the container to be measured.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present application, the volume measuring device further comprises a support base, the first cylinder is mounted on the support base, and a driving mechanism, a first end of the second cylinder is slidably connected to the first cylinder, a second end of the second cylinder is connected to the driving mechanism, and the driving mechanism is adapted to drive the second cylinder to slide along the axial direction to approach or move away from the first cylinder.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present application, the driving mechanism comprises a support plate arranged perpendicularly to the first cylinder on the support base, a screw rod extending along the axial direction and rotatably connected to the support plate, and an extension plate extending radially from the second end of the second cylinder and rotatably connected to the screw rod, and configured to drive the second cylinder to reciprocally move along the axial direction in response to the rotation of the screw rod.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present application, the support plate extends towards the extension plate a plurality of guide rods parallel to the screw rod, and the extension plate is slidably connected to the guide rods.

[0013] According to the embodiment of the present application, the volume measuring device further comprises a scale extending in the axial direction, mounted on the support base, and a pointer arranged at the second end of the second cylinder and configured to align with at least one scale line of the scale to show the position of the second cylinder relative to the first cylinder in the axial direction.

[0014] The present application also provides a volume measuring method of a heat exchanger of a dilution refrigerator, based on the volume measuring device of any of the above embodiments, the heat exchanger serving as the container to be measured and comprising a shell and a nano-silver powder sintered body filled in the shell, the volume measuring method comprising: connecting the heat exchanger to a reference container through a first valve and opening the first valve; adjusting the pressure in the reference container and the heat exchanger to a reference pressure, then closing the first valve; inflating the reference container to a first pressure; opening the first valve to stabilize the pressure in the reference container and the heat exchanger to a second pressure; pushing the second cylinder towards the first cylinder until the pressure in the reference container and the heat exchanger returns to the first pressure; measuring the moving distance of the second cylinder, and calculating the volume of the heat exchanger according to the moving distance and the bottom area of the second cylinder.

[0015] According to the embodiment of the present application, the first pressure is repeatedly measured at multiple values, and the multiple volume results are averaged.

[0016] The volume measuring device provided by the present application can obtain the equivalent volume of the container to be measured through the reference container with variable volume, the cooperation between the pressure regulating assembly and the first valve, and the variation process of the reference pressure-first pressure-second pressure-first pressure, and has fewer error factors, high precision, simple and reliable structure, and convenient measurement without complex calculation process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the volume measuring device provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 is a plan view of the volume measuring device provided by the embodiment of the present application, showing the container to be measured;

[0019] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the volume measuring device provided by the embodiment of the present application from another angle;

[0020] Figure 4 is a plan view of the volume measuring device provided by the embodiment of the present application, with the container to be measured removed;

[0021] Figure 5 is a flowchart of the volume measuring method of the heat exchanger provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0022] In the drawings, the meaning of the reference signs is as follows:

[0023] 1. reference container; 11, first cylinder; 12, second cylinder; 121, pointer; 2, pressure regulating assembly; 21, air pump; 22, vacuum pump; 3, first valve; 4, pressure gauge; 5, driving mechanism; 51, support plate; 52, screw rod; 53, extension plate; 54, guide rod; 6, support base; 7, scale; 8, container to be measured. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood, however, that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are intended to limit the scope of the present application. In the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present application can be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and techniques have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring aspects of the present application.

[0025] The terms used herein are merely used to describe specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. The terms "include", "comprise" and the like used herein mean that the features, steps, operations and / or components listed are present, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations or components.

[0026] All terms used herein, including technical and scientific terms, have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having meanings consistent with the context of the present specification, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or excessively formal manner.

[0027] In the case of using expressions similar to "at least one of A, B, and C, etc.", it should be generally interpreted as including one or more of the same as the meaning generally used by one skilled in the art (for example, "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include but not be limited to a system having A alone, a system having B alone, a system having C alone, a system having A and B together, a system having A and C together, a system having B and C together, and / or a system having A, B, and C together, etc.).

[0028] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a volume measuring device provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 is a plan view of a volume measuring device provided by an embodiment of the present application, showing a container to be measured.

[0029] An embodiment of the present application provides a volume measuring device, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the system includes a reference container 1, a pressure regulating assembly 2, a first valve 3, and a pressure gauge 4. The reference container 1 is used to connect to a test container 8 and has a first cylinder 11 and a second cylinder 12 slidably connected to each other. The second cylinder 12 is adapted to reciprocate relative to the first cylinder 11 in the axial direction to change the volume of the reference container 1. The pressure gauge 4 is used to measure the internal pressure of the reference container 1. The first valve 3 is disposed between the reference container 1 and the test container 8. The pressure regulating assembly 2 is configured to, in response to the initial opening of the first valve 3, adjust the pressure in the reference container 1 and the test container 8 to a reference pressure and close the first valve 3; subsequently, adjust the pressure in the reference container 1 to a first pressure and reopen the first valve 3, causing the pressure gauge 4 reading to drop to a second pressure; then, drive the second cylinder 12 to slide towards the first cylinder 11 until the pressure gauge 4 reading returns to the first pressure.

[0030] In this implementation, the volume of the container under test 8 is measured through the cooperation of the reference container 1 and the pressure regulating component 2. The container under test 8 is mainly a container with an irregular internal shape or whose volume is not clearly marked, making direct measurement inconvenient. The reference container 1 is a standard container with known specifications, including but not limited to length, bottom area, and maximum volume. Furthermore, the reference container 1 can actively and continuously change its volume by axially sliding the second cylinder 12.

[0031] Specifically, the reference container 1, the first valve 3, and the container under test 8 are connected sequentially. When the first valve 3 is initially opened, the pressure regulating component 2 adjusts the pressure in this connected cavity to a preset reference pressure P0, meaning the pressure gauge 4 reads P0 at this point. Then, the first valve 3 closes, and the pressure regulating component 2 adjusts the pressure in the reference container 1 to a first pressure P1, meaning the pressure gauge 4 reads P1, and P1 > P0. Then, the first valve 3 reopens, causing the pressure in the reference container 1 to decrease and the pressure in the container under test 8 to increase until the pressure in the entire connected cavity stabilizes at a second pressure P2, meaning the pressure gauge 4 reads P2, and P1 > P2. Finally, while keeping the first valve 3 open, the second cylinder 12 is driven to slide towards the first cylinder 11, reducing the volume of the reference container 1. The pressure in the entire connected cavity rises until it returns to P1, meaning the pressure gauge 4 reads P1 again. At this point, the volume of the container under test 8 can be quickly obtained from the reduced volume of the reference container 1.

[0032] Although the measurement is based on Boyle's Law, since the specifications of the reference container 1 are known, its reduced volume can be obtained accurately and conveniently, eliminating the need for complex calculations. The volume of the container under test 8 can be directly derived, or a more accurate volume result can be obtained by combining it with a reference pressure and performing simple corrections. Furthermore, it is insensitive to environmental factors such as temperature changes, requires no complex instruments, is low-cost, and allows for rapid multiple measurements. Additionally, the assembly of the reference container 1, the first valve 3, the container under test 8, and the pressure regulating component 2 requires pipe connections. Traditional calculation methods cannot ignore the pipe volume and must calculate it in advance or calculate it step-by-step during the measurement process. However, this invention only requires observing and ensuring that the reading of the pressure gauge 4 meets the requirements during the measurement process. Measurement is achieved through pressure balancing and recovery (P0-P1-P2-P1). For example, after the pressure gauge 4 displays P1, the pipe valve is opened first to connect the reference container 1 and the pipe. At this time, the reading of the pressure gauge 4 drops to the transition pressure Px. Then, open the first valve 3 to connect the reference container 1, the pipeline, and the container to be tested 8. At this time, the reading of the pressure gauge 4 drops further to P2. Then, push the second cylinder 12 to restore the reading of the pressure gauge 4 to the transition pressure Px, and the volume of the container to be tested 8 can be obtained. In fact, if the pipeline volume is much smaller than the volume of the reference container 1 and the volume of the container to be tested 8, it can be ignored during measurement.

[0033] In some embodiments, the pressure regulating assembly 2 is configured to pressurize the reference container 1 and the test container 8 in response to the opening of the first valve 3 until the pressure gauge 4 displays a reference pressure.

[0034] In this implementation, after the first valve 3 is initially opened, the pressure regulating component 2 begins to pressurize the connected cavity formed by the reference container 1 and the container under test 8. The process stops when the pressure gauge 4 displays the reference pressure P0. This process can be manually operated by an operator or controlled electrically. This establishes a known initial pressure environment (i.e., reference pressure P0) between the reference container 1 and the container under test 8, eliminating measurement deviations caused by different initial states.

[0035] In some preferred embodiments, the reference pressure is preferably measured at ambient atmospheric pressure and can be adjusted according to changes in the environment, for example, 0.15 MPa ± 0.05 MPa. It should be noted that before selecting the reference pressure, the pressure-bearing capacity of both the reference container 1 and the container under test 8 should be considered to avoid damage and potential hazards.

[0036] Furthermore, the measurement results can be corrected and converted by combining the reference pressure P0. The volume of the container under test 8 = the reduced volume of the reference container 1 * .

[0037] In some embodiments, the pressure regulating component 2 is configured to evacuate the reference container 1 and the test container 8 to a vacuum in response to the opening of the first valve 3.

[0038] In this implementation, after the first valve 3 is initially opened, the pressure regulating component 2 begins to evacuate air from the connected cavity formed by the reference container 1 and the container under test 8. The evacuation stops when the pressure gauge 4 indicates that the vacuum level meets the requirements. In this embodiment, the pressure gauge 4 can be a conventional pressure gauge, or preferably a vacuum pressure gauge. This process can be manually operated by a staff member or implemented electronically. This establishes a near-vacuum pressure environment (i.e., reference pressure P0) between the reference container 1 and the container under test 8, further reducing the influence of the original gas in the reference container 1 and the container under test 8 on the measurement results, thus eliminating the need for correction and conversion processes.

[0039] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the pressure regulating assembly 2 includes an inflation pump 21 and a vacuum pump 22. The inflation pump 21 is suitable for inflating the reference container 1 and / or the test container 8. The vacuum pump 22 is suitable for evacuating the reference container 1 and / or the test container 8.

[0040] In this embodiment, the combination of the air pump 21 and the vacuum pump 22 enables the pressure regulating component 2 to have a wide range of pressure regulation capabilities, from high vacuum to positive pressure. This allows the volume measuring device to flexibly adapt to different measurement needs and initial conditions; for example, it can start measuring from an atmospheric environment or a vacuum environment, thus improving the versatility of the device.

[0041] In some alternative embodiments, a second valve and a third valve are also included, the second valve being disposed between the reference container 1 and the vacuum pump 22, and the third valve being disposed between the reference container 1 and the inflation pump 21.

[0042] In some alternative embodiments, the gas pump 21 is filled with nitrogen or helium.

[0043] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the volume measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention from another angle. Figure 4 This is a plan view of the volume measuring device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, with the container to be measured removed.

[0044] In some implementations, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the volume measuring device also includes a support base 6 and a drive mechanism 5. The first cylinder 11 is mounted on the support base 6. The first end of the second cylinder 12 is slidably connected to the first cylinder 11, and the second end of the second cylinder 12 is connected to the drive mechanism 5. The drive mechanism 5 is adapted to drive the second cylinder 12 to slide along the axial direction to approach or move away from the first cylinder 11.

[0045] In this embodiment, the support base 6 provides the mounting base for the entire reference container 1, and the first cylinder 11 is mounted on the support base 6, preferably in a fixed connection, so that the second cylinder 12 can slide stably.

[0046] More specifically, both the first cylinder 11 and the second cylinder 12 are open-ended cylinders. The diameter of the second cylinder 12 is smaller than that of the first cylinder 11, allowing it to be inserted into or pushed out of the first cylinder 11. The closed end of the second cylinder 12 is connected to the drive mechanism 5. The bottom area of ​​the second cylinder 12 is known; during measurement, only the distance the second cylinder 12 moves axially needs to be measured to obtain the reduced volume of the reference container 1.

[0047] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the drive mechanism 5 includes a support plate 51, a screw 52, ​​and an extension plate 53. The support plate 51 is disposed perpendicularly to the first cylinder 11 on the support base 6. The screw 52 extends axially and is rotatably connected to the support plate 51. The extension plate 53 extends radially from the second end of the second cylinder 12 and is rotatably connected to the screw 52, ​​and is configured to drive the second cylinder 12 to reciprocate axially in response to the rotation of the screw 52.

[0048] In this embodiment, the second cylinder 12 is connected to the extension plate 53, or the extension plate 53 serves as the closed end of the second cylinder 12. The screw 52 is mounted on the support plate 51 via bearings. The support plate 51 and the support seat 6 are preferably fixedly connected to support and position the screw 52, ​​allowing it to rotate around its own axis without axial movement. The extension plate 53 is also threadedly connected to the screw 52. When the screw 52 rotates, the extension plate 53 and the second cylinder 12, under the constraint of the first cylinder 11 and the support seat 6, convert the rotation into axial movement, thereby changing the volume of the reference container 1.

[0049] In some alternative embodiments, a turntable is provided at the end of the screw 52 away from the reference container 1 to facilitate the operation of rotating the screw 52 by the operator.

[0050] In some optional embodiments, the screw 52 is driven by a motor. After receiving the start command from the controller, the motor drives the screw 52 to rotate. The controller collects the reading of the pressure gauge 4 in real time. When the reading returns to the first pressure P1, the controller sends a stop command to the motor.

[0051] Further according to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the support plate 51 extends toward the extension plate 53 with a plurality of guide rods 54 parallel to the screw 52, ​​and the extension plate 53 is slidably connected to the guide rods 54.

[0052] In this implementation, since the second cylinder 12 needs to reciprocate along the axial direction and its diameter is smaller than that of the first cylinder 11, the second cylinder 12 is actually suspended above the support base 6. Relying solely on the first cylinder 11 to restrict the second cylinder 12 from rotating with the screw 52 results in poor stability. By setting a guide rod 54 that is slidably connected to the extension plate 53, and cooperating with the first cylinder 11 to restrict the rotation of the second cylinder 12, the screw 52 and the extension plate 53 mainly bear the axial force, effectively reducing the impact of bending stress and extending the service life.

[0053] In some optional embodiments, the support base 6 consists of a base and a fixing plate. The base is placed on the ground or a test bench. The fixing plate, the support plate 51 and the extension plate 53 are parallel to each other and arranged perpendicular to the base. The fixing plate is fixedly connected to the base (preferably welded). The first cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate (preferably bolted). The support plate 51 is fixedly connected to the base (preferably bolted).

[0054] In some implementations, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the volume measuring device also includes a scale 7 extending in the axial direction, mounted on the support base 6, and a pointer 121 is provided at the second end of the second cylinder 12, which is configured to align with at least one scale line of the scale 7 to indicate the position of the second cylinder 12 relative to the first cylinder 11 in the axial direction.

[0055] In this implementation, since the bottom area of ​​the second cylinder 12 is known, the change in volume of the reference container 1 can be directly obtained by multiplying the bottom area of ​​the second cylinder 12 by the moving distance. By setting a scale 7, the moving distance of the second cylinder 12 can be read directly without manual measurement, reducing the impact of errors, and is low in cost and relatively reliable.

[0056] In some preferred embodiments, the scale 7 can also directly mark the volume change. Since the bottom area of ​​the second cylinder 12 is known, the moving distance of the second cylinder 12 corresponds one-to-one with the volume change of the reference container 1. Therefore, directly marking the volume change makes the result more intuitive.

[0057] Further according to an embodiment of the present invention, the volume change marked on the scale 7 can also be measured in advance. Specifically, before assembly, the volume of the reference container 1 and the characteristics of the volume change as the second cylinder 12 moves are measured. The measurement method includes, but is not limited to, the water injection method or the air filling method. This can further reduce the impact of errors. For example, when calculating the bottom area of ​​the second cylinder 12, taking an approximate value of pi may introduce errors.

[0058] In some alternative embodiments, the scale 7 can also be a digital scale, which can directly display the moving distance of the second cylinder 12 with higher accuracy.

[0059] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a heat exchanger volume measurement method provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] Embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for measuring the volume of a heat exchanger, based on the volume measuring device in any of the above embodiments. The heat exchanger is a heat exchange structure in a dilution refrigerator, used as a container to be tested 8, and includes a shell and a sintered body of nano-silver powder filled in the shell, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, the volume measurement method includes steps S1-S6.

[0061] Step S1: Connect the heat exchanger to the reference container 1 through the first valve 3, and open the first valve 3;

[0062] Step S2: After adjusting the pressure in the reference container 1 and the heat exchanger to the reference pressure, close the first valve 3;

[0063] Step S3: Inflate reference container 1 to the first pressure;

[0064] Step S4: Open the first valve 3 to stabilize the pressure in the reference container 1 and the heat exchanger to the second pressure;

[0065] Step S5: Push the second cylinder 12 toward the first cylinder 11 until the pressure in the reference container 1 and the heat exchanger returns to the first pressure;

[0066] Step S6: Measure the moving distance of the second cylinder 12, and calculate the volume of the heat exchanger based on the moving distance and the bottom area of ​​the second cylinder 12.

[0067] In this implementation, the sintered body of nano-silver powder has a porous structure. Traditional drainage measurement methods suffer from the problem that water cannot completely penetrate all pores, leading to significant errors. Furthermore, water may contaminate the sintered body of nano-silver powder, affecting its subsequent use. Three-dimensional scanning reconstruction methods are costly and time-consuming, hindering widespread adoption. The volume measurement method provided by this invention obtains the equivalent volume of the heat exchanger through changes in air pressure and volume, offering higher accuracy and simpler operation. Moreover, due to the large specific surface area of ​​the sintered body of nano-silver powder, a certain amount of time is required for temperature and pressure to stabilize during heat exchange with gas. Traditional air pressure methods are prone to reading errors in this process. However, the volume measurement method of this invention, especially when the reference pressure is vacuum pressure, does not require consideration of the specific value of the second pressure; it only requires slowly pushing the second cylinder 12 to restore the reading to the first pressure.

[0068] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the above-described volume measurement method further includes selecting a plurality of first pressures for repeated measurements and averaging the multiple measured volume results.

[0069] In this implementation, by performing multiple independent measurements, these random errors have an equal probability of occurring in both positive and negative directions. During the averaging process, they can cancel each other out, thus making the final result closer to the true value. Accordingly, if the results from multiple measurements are relatively close, it indicates that the device has good airtightness and stable operation. If the measured results differ significantly, it suggests a possible operational error or device leakage.

[0070] Those skilled in the art will understand that the features described in the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in the present invention. In particular, the features described in the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined and / or combined in various ways without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present invention. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0071] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, these embodiments are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Although various embodiments have been described above, this does not mean that the measures in the various embodiments cannot be used advantageously in combination. Various substitutions and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention, and all such substitutions and modifications should fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A volume measuring device, characterized in that, include: A reference container for connecting to a container under test, and having a first cylinder and a second cylinder slidably connected to each other, the second cylinder being adapted to reciprocate relative to the first cylinder in an axial direction to change the volume of the reference container; A pressure gauge suitable for measuring the internal pressure of the reference container; A first valve is disposed between the reference container and the container to be tested; The pressure regulating component is configured to, in response to the initial opening of the first valve, adjust the pressure in the reference container and the test container to a reference pressure and close the first valve; then, adjust the pressure in the reference container to a first pressure and reopen the first valve, causing the pressure gauge reading to drop to a second pressure; then, drive the second cylinder to slide toward the first cylinder until the pressure gauge reading returns to the first pressure.

2. The volume measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure regulating assembly is configured to pressurize the reference container and the test container in response to the opening of the first valve until the pressure gauge displays a reference pressure.

3. The volume measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure regulating assembly is configured to evacuate the reference container and the test container to a vacuum in response to the opening of the first valve.

4. The volume measuring device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The voltage regulating component includes: An air pump, suitable for inflating the reference container and / or the container under test; A vacuum pump suitable for evacuating the reference container and / or the container under test.

5. The volume measuring device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The volume measuring device further includes: Support base, the first cylinder is mounted on the support base; The driving mechanism has a first end of the second cylinder slidably connected to the first cylinder, and a second end of the second cylinder connected to the driving mechanism. The driving mechanism is adapted to drive the second cylinder to slide along the axial direction to approach or move away from the first cylinder.

6. The volume measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drive mechanism includes: A support plate is disposed perpendicularly to the support base of the first cylinder; A screw extends along the axial direction and is rotatably connected to the support plate; An extension plate extends radially from the second end of the second cylinder and is rotatably connected to the screw, and is configured to drive the second cylinder to reciprocate axially in response to the rotation of the screw.

7. The volume measuring device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The support plate extends a plurality of guide rods parallel to the screw toward the extension plate, and the extension plate is slidably connected to the guide rods.

8. The volume measuring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The volume measuring device further includes a scale extending in the axial direction and mounted on the support base. A pointer is provided at the second end of the second cylinder and is configured to align with at least one scale line of the scale to indicate the position of the second cylinder relative to the first cylinder in the axial direction.

9. A method for measuring the volume of a heat exchanger in a dilution refrigeration machine, characterized in that, Based on any one of claims 1-8, the volume measuring device, wherein the heat exchanger serves as a container to be measured and includes a shell and a sintered body of nano-silver powder filled in the shell, and the volume measuring method includes: Connect the heat exchanger to the reference container via a first valve, and open the first valve; After adjusting the pressure in the reference container and the heat exchanger to the reference pressure, close the first valve; Inflate the reference container to a first pressure; Open the first valve to stabilize the pressure in the reference container and the heat exchanger to the second pressure; The second cylinder is pushed toward the first cylinder until the pressure in the reference container and the heat exchanger returns to the first pressure. The movement distance of the second cylinder is measured, and the volume of the heat exchanger is calculated based on the movement distance and the bottom area of ​​the second cylinder.

10. The volume measurement method according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes selecting multiple first pressures for repeated measurements and averaging the measured volume results.

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