Dilution refrigerator booster and dilution refrigerator, method of operation

Abstract

The application discloses a dilution refrigerator enhancer, which comprises an enhancer body, a heater, a hot film, an adsorbent and a connecting support; the middle part of one end of the enhancer body is sunken to the inside to form a mounting blind hole, the heater is connected in the mounting blind hole, the other end of the enhancer body comprises a connecting hole in communication with the inside; the enhancer body contains the hot film; the adsorbent is filled in the hot film gap in the enhancer body; the connecting support is connected to the top end of the enhancer body, and the connecting support is connected to a 4K disk of a dry dilution refrigerator or a 1K disk of a wet dilution refrigerator. The application further discloses a dilution refrigerator and an operation mode. The application has the beneficial effect of realizing more efficient low-temperature environment control and low vibration, which is particularly beneficial for highly sensitive experiments requiring a vibration-free environment to ensure accurate measurement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cryogenic technology, and more particularly to a dilution refrigeration machine. Background Technology

[0002] Dilution refrigerators and related technologies play a crucial role in various scientific research and industrial fields, including materials science and quantum computing. Depending on the method used to achieve 4K cryogenicity, dilution refrigerators can be categorized into wet and dry systems. Wet systems rely on liquid helium-4 to achieve the required 4K cryogenicity. Within a vacuum chamber, a wet system typically includes a 1K pot, which provides efficient cooling and promotes helium condensation. The 1K pot plays a key role in wet systems, further optimizing the helium condensation process by maintaining a temperature of approximately 1.2K, thereby improving the overall cooling efficiency of the system. In contrast to wet systems, dry dilution refrigerators use a pulse tube refrigerator (PTR) instead of liquid helium. The PTR achieves 4K cryogenicity in its second stage (PT2 stage), providing the main cooling platform for the dry dilution refrigerator system. This technology eliminates the reliance on liquid helium in dry dilution refrigerators, thereby increasing system self-sufficiency and significantly reducing dependence on liquid helium.

[0003] The cooling capacity of the dilution refrigeration system primarily relies on the flow of helium-3 (a rare and stable helium isotope, He3) at the phase interface within the system's mixing chamber. This flow is controlled by a component called the distillation chamber (Still) (see below). Figure 1 As shown, the distillation chamber is pumped by an external pump. Due to the temperature involved, the pump primarily extracts helium-3, reducing its concentration in the distillation chamber. This creates a concentration gradient between the distillation chamber and the mixing chamber, resulting in a larger osmotic pressure that drives the helium-3 flow through the phase interface into the distillation chamber. Heating the distillation chamber promotes helium-3 evaporation, further reducing its concentration and enhancing the concentration gradient, thereby increasing the helium-3 flow in the mixing chamber. To maintain the low temperature in the distillation chamber, helium-3 vapor needs to be removed to reduce the vapor pressure and further decrease the helium-3 concentration. The pump and pumping lines play a crucial role in maintaining the low pressure in the distillation chamber. The efficiency of the pumping system directly affects the cooling capacity of the dilution refrigerator. If the pump performance is insufficient or the pumping lines are too narrow, the pressure in the distillation chamber will increase, leading to a rise in its temperature. This temperature rise increases the evaporation of helium-4, diluting the useful helium-3 flow. Therefore, an inefficient pumping system significantly reduces the cooling capacity of the refrigerator. Therefore, ensuring high pump performance and a well-designed pumping line are essential for achieving optimal performance of the dilution refrigerator.

[0004] Currently, all dilution refrigerators rely on external pumping systems, typically including at least one turbomolecular pump, a rotary vane pump, or a Roots pump, and a compressor. These pumps are usually installed a few meters away from the top of the dilution refrigerator to minimize vibrations transmitted to the system. While this approach is generally effective in reducing vibration, some highly sensitive experiments can still be affected by minute vibrations transmitted through the pumping lines, leading to measurement errors. Furthermore, as cooling capacity requirements increase, larger pumps are needed, which not only increases system cost but also results in more significant vibrations. Simultaneously, the length of the pumping lines also affects system efficiency. Longer lines create a larger pressure difference between the pump and the distillation chamber, leading to increased pressure in the distillation chamber, with the room temperature portion of the line having the most significant impact on this pressure difference.

[0005] The information disclosed in this background section is intended only to enhance the understanding of the overall background of the invention and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that the information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is: how to solve the problem that current dilution refrigeration machines rely on external pumping systems and that the increasing demand for refrigeration power requires the use of larger pumps, making it impossible to meet refrigeration requirements and reduce vibration.

[0007] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means:

[0008] A dilution refrigeration unit enhancer, comprising an enhancer body, a heater, a heat film, an adsorbent, and a connecting bracket;

[0009] One end of the enhancer body is recessed inward to form a blind mounting hole, and the heater is connected in the blind mounting hole. The other end of the enhancer body includes a connection hole communicating with the interior. The enhancer body contains the thermal film. The adsorbent fills the gaps in the thermal film within the enhancer body.

[0010] The connecting bracket is connected to the top of the enhancer body, and the connecting bracket is connected to the 4K disc of the dry dilution refrigeration machine or the 1K disc of the wet refrigeration machine.

[0011] In this invention, the dilution refrigerator intensifier functions as a cryogenic pump. During standard system operation of the dilution refrigerator, a heater maintains the intensifier at approximately 40K. When increased cooling power is required, the heater is turned off. At this point, the adsorbent begins to cool, as the intensifier is connected to a 4K plate cooled by a pulse tube refrigerator cold head (or a 1K plate maintained at a low temperature by a 1K tank in a wet dilution refrigerator). Due to its large surface area, the adsorbent begins to cryogenically draw mixed vapors from the distillation chamber during cooling. This process allows for higher distillation chamber power, promoting greater helium-3 evaporation, thereby enhancing flow at the mixing chamber interface and significantly improving the refrigerator's cooling capacity. The intensification process ends when the adsorbent is full. The regeneration process involves heating the intensifier to 40K, releasing all adsorbed helium back into the cycle. These gases are then extracted using a conventional external pump, and the system returns to standard operation using the external pump.

[0012] This invention enables rapid and efficient pumping of the distillation chamber, significantly increasing the flow rate in the system and greatly enhancing cooling power within a set time, thereby achieving more efficient cryogenic environment control. Because the pumping line distance between the intensifier and the distillation chamber is very short, no vibration is generated during operation, which is particularly beneficial for highly sensitive experiments requiring a vibration-free environment to ensure accurate measurements.

[0013] Preferably, the enhancer body includes an enhancer body, an enhancer cover plate, and a nozzle;

[0014] The main body of the enhancer is a cylindrical structure, with one end connected to the side of the enhancer cover plate and the other end connected to the side of the nozzle.

[0015] A columnar mounting blind hole extends from the center of the reinforcing cover plate along the interior direction of the reinforcing body. The heater is connected in the mounting blind hole, and the heat film is placed inside the reinforcing body around the outside of the mounting blind hole.

[0016] The nozzle has a plate-like structure, and a connecting pipe extends from the center of the nozzle away from the main body of the intensifier.

[0017] Preferably, it also includes an adsorbent support, which is connected to the enhancer body and the adsorbent is supported on the adsorbent support.

[0018] Adsorbent supports are typically metal grid structures designed to support the adsorbent and prevent it from falling into the distillation chamber during operation. The support design not only ensures the stability of the adsorbent but also facilitates system maintenance and operation.

[0019] Preferably, the bottom of the connecting bracket is connected to the reinforcing body by bolts, and the top of the connecting bracket is connected to the 4K disc of the dry dilution refrigeration unit or the 1K disc of the wet refrigeration unit by bolts.

[0020] A through hole is provided in the middle of the connecting bracket, and the heater cable passes through the through hole.

[0021] Preferably, the reinforcing body is made of a low thermal conductivity material, and the reinforcing cover is made of a high thermal conductivity material.

[0022] The main body of the heater is made of a material with low thermal conductivity and a robust structure (such as stainless steel) to provide stable mechanical strength and low thermal conductivity characteristics, ensuring that the heat from the heater is not conducted to the still and the distillation pump lines, thereby avoiding affecting the thermal balance of the system.

[0023] The booster cover is made of a highly thermally conductive material (such as copper) and houses the heater and adsorbent. The copper construction of the booster cover helps improve heat conduction between the heater and the adsorbent and ensures effective heat exchange between the adsorbent and the connecting support, thus promoting system thermal stability and efficiency.

[0024] Preferably, the connecting bracket is made of a material with low thermal conductivity.

[0025] The intensifier is mounted on the 4K plate of a dry dilution refrigeration unit (or the 1K plate of a wet dilution refrigeration system) via a connecting bracket made of a low thermal conductivity material. The connecting bracket is made of a low thermal conductivity material to avoid excessive heat conduction to the plate, while also reasonably promoting the cooling of the intensifier when the heater is off.

[0026] Preferably, the adsorbent is activated carbon.

[0027] The adsorbent is made of adsorbent materials with high specific surface area (such as activated carbon), which can efficiently adsorb gases and improve cooling efficiency and gas recovery efficiency.

[0028] The present invention also discloses a dilution refrigeration machine, which employs the above-mentioned dilution refrigeration machine enhancer;

[0029] The dilution refrigeration unit enhancer is connected to the 4K plate of the dry dilution refrigeration unit or the 1K plate of the wet refrigeration unit via a connecting bracket; the connecting hole of the dilution refrigeration unit enhancer is connected to the pumping line of the distillation chamber.

[0030] This invention also discloses the operation modes of the dilution refrigeration machine, which are applied to the above-mentioned dilution refrigeration machine and include three operation modes;

[0031] In standard mode, the dilution chiller achieves circulation solely through an external pump system;

[0032] In high-power cooling mode, the heater is turned off, and the dilution refrigerator enhancer is combined with the dilution refrigerator in standard mode to achieve the adsorption of helium-3 in the distillation chamber during the cooling process.

[0033] In silent mode, the heater is turned off, the external pump system and pulse tube refrigerator are stopped, and cooling is provided by the helium battery, only diluting the helium-3 in the adsorption distillation chamber of the refrigerator enhancer.

[0034] Preferably, in high-power refrigeration mode, the distillation chamber heater is activated; when the dilution refrigeration enhancer reaches saturation, the heating element is activated to restore the working state of the dilution refrigeration enhancer.

[0035] After running in silent mode for a set time, the external pump system and pulse tube chiller are started, and the heating element is activated to restore the working state of the dilution chiller enhancer.

[0036] The key point of this invention is to provide an intensifier for dry and wet dilution refrigerator systems, solving the problems of vibration interference in low-temperature experiments and insufficient cooling efficiency in existing technologies. This system, through optimized intensifier design and installation, achieves continuous ultra-low vibration operation of the dilution refrigerator system and significantly improves cooling power performance. This invention is particularly suitable for sensitive experiments requiring precise control (such as microscopy and spectroscopy), especially important in dry dilution refrigerators, where vibrations from pulse tube refrigerators and pumps can interfere with delicate experiments. The system's cooling power is limited by the pump's ability to effectively extract helium-3 from the distillation chamber. This invention enables rapid and efficient pumping of the distillation chamber, significantly increasing the flow rate in the system and substantially enhancing cooling power within a set time, thereby achieving more efficient low-temperature environment control.

[0037] The advantages of this invention are:

[0038] This invention enables rapid and efficient pumping of the distillation chamber, significantly increasing the flow rate in the system and greatly enhancing cooling power within a set time, thereby achieving more efficient low-temperature environment control. Because the pumping line distance between the intensifier and the distillation chamber is very short, no vibration is generated during operation, which is particularly beneficial for highly sensitive experiments requiring a vibration-free environment to ensure accurate measurements.

[0039] Adsorbent supports are typically metal grid structures designed to support the adsorbent and prevent it from falling into the distillation chamber during operation. The support design not only ensures the stability of the adsorbent but also facilitates system maintenance and operation.

[0040] The main body of the heater is made of a material with low thermal conductivity and a robust structure (such as stainless steel) to provide stable mechanical strength and low thermal conductivity characteristics, ensuring that the heat from the heater is not conducted to the still and the distillation pump lines, thereby avoiding affecting the thermal balance of the system.

[0041] The booster cover is made of a highly thermally conductive material (such as copper) and houses the heater and adsorbent. The copper construction of the booster cover helps improve heat conduction between the heater and the adsorbent and ensures effective heat exchange between the adsorbent and the connecting support, thus promoting system thermal stability and efficiency.

[0042] The intensifier is mounted on the 4K plate of a dry dilution refrigeration unit (or the 1K plate of a wet dilution refrigeration system) via a connecting bracket made of a low thermal conductivity material. The connecting bracket is made of a low thermal conductivity material to avoid excessive heat conduction to the plate, while also reasonably promoting the cooling of the intensifier when the heater is off.

[0043] The adsorbent is made of adsorbent materials with high specific surface area (such as activated carbon), which can efficiently adsorb gases and improve cooling efficiency and gas recovery efficiency.

[0044] The dilution refrigeration unit enhancer is connected to the 4K plate of the dry dilution refrigeration unit or the 1K plate of the wet refrigeration unit via a connecting bracket; the connecting hole of the dilution refrigeration unit enhancer is connected to the pumping line of the distillation chamber.

[0045] This invention solves the problems of vibration interference in cryogenic experiments and insufficient cooling efficiency in existing technologies. By optimizing the design and installation of the intensifier, the system achieves continuous ultra-low vibration operation of the dilution refrigerator system and significantly improves cooling power performance. This invention is particularly suitable for sensitive experiments requiring precise control (such as microscopy and spectroscopy), especially important in dry dilution refrigerators, as vibrations generated by pulse tube refrigerators and pumps can interfere with delicate experiments. The system's cooling power is limited by the pump's ability to effectively extract helium-3 from the distillation chamber. This invention enables rapid and efficient pumping of the distillation chamber, significantly increasing the flow rate in the system and greatly enhancing cooling power within a set time, thereby achieving more efficient cryogenic environment control. Attached Figure Description

[0046] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dilution refrigeration enhancer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 This is a horizontal sectional view of the dilution refrigeration enhancer according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 This is a vertical sectional view of the dilution refrigeration unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the dry dilution refrigeration machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the wet dilution refrigeration machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the operation under the standard mode of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the operation under high-power cooling mode in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the regeneration operation of the dilution refrigeration unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Numbering on the map:

[0055] 1. Intensifier body; 11. Intensifier main body; 12. Intensifier cover plate; 121. Mounting blind hole; 13. Nozzle; 131. Connecting pipe; 2. Heater; 3. Hot film; 4. Adsorbent; 5. Connecting bracket; 6. Adsorbent bracket; 7. Distillation chamber pump line; 8. Connecting pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0056] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] Example 1:

[0058] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the dilution refrigeration unit enhancer includes an enhancer body 1, a heater 2, a heat film 3, an adsorbent 4, and a connecting bracket 5. One end of the enhancer body 1 is recessed inward to form a blind mounting hole 121, and the heater 2 is connected within the blind mounting hole 121. The other end of the enhancer body 1 includes a connecting hole communicating with the interior. The heat film 3 is housed within the enhancer body 11, and the adsorbent 4 is connected to one end of the enhancer body 1 near the connecting hole. The connecting bracket 5 is connected to the top of the enhancer body 1 and is connected to the 4K disc of a dry dilution refrigeration unit or the 1K disc of a wet refrigeration unit.

[0059] The dilution chiller intensifier is mounted on a 4K tray (dry dilution chiller) or a 1K tray (wet dilution chiller), with a temperature range between 1K and 4K. This design ensures efficient operation of the intensifier in extremely low-temperature environments while maintaining compatibility with the thermal management of other system components, thereby optimizing the overall low-temperature operation performance.

[0060] Specifically, the enhancer body 1 includes an enhancer body 11, an enhancer cover plate 12, and a nozzle 13.

[0061] refer to Figure 3 As shown, the enhancer body 11 has a cylindrical structure. One end of the enhancer body 11 can be welded to the side of the enhancer cover plate 12, and the other end is welded to the side of the nozzle 13. The enhancer body 11 is made of a material with low thermal conductivity and robust structure (e.g., stainless steel) to provide stable mechanical strength and low thermal conductivity, ensuring that the heat from the heater 2 is not conducted to the distiller and distillation pump lines, thereby avoiding affecting the system's thermal balance.

[0062] A columnar mounting blind hole 121 extends from the center of the reinforcing cover plate 12 along the interior direction of the reinforcing body 11, as shown in the reference. Figure 3 As shown, a cylindrical mounting blind hole 121 is connected to the center of the enhancer cover plate 12. The heater 2 is cylindrical and is installed inside the mounting blind hole 121. The heat film 3 surrounds the outside of the mounting blind hole 121 and is placed inside the enhancer body 11. The main function of the mounting blind hole 121 is to install the heater 2 and transfer heat to the adsorbent 4. Therefore, it is preferable that the bottom of the mounting blind hole 121 can contact the adsorbent 4 to ensure heat conduction. The enhancer cover plate 12 is made of a highly thermally conductive material (e.g., copper) and houses the heater 2 and adsorbent 4. The copper construction of the enhancer cover plate 12 helps improve the heat conduction between the heater 2 and the adsorbent 4, promoting the thermal stability and efficiency of the system.

[0063] The nozzle 13 has a plate-like structure, with a connecting pipe 131 extending from the center of the nozzle 13 away from the enhancer body 11. The connecting pipe 131 passes through the center and is connected to the distillation pump pipeline via a pipe. This ensures the efficient adsorption and release process of the mixed gas in the distillation chamber. The nozzle 13 is made of a material with low thermal conductivity.

[0064] Heater 2 is installed inside the enhancer to heat it to 40K, releasing gas and enabling the enhancer's regeneration function. Heater 2 promotes gas desorption of the adsorbent, ensuring efficient operation during cooling. In this embodiment, the dilution refrigeration enhancer also includes a thermometer for real-time monitoring and control of temperature changes, ensuring system stability and reliability. Heater 2 is powered by a lead wire connected to an external control cabinet power supply.

[0065] The thermal film 3 is a perforated film made of a highly thermally conductive material (such as copper), which wraps around the mounting blind hole 121 to improve heat conduction efficiency and accelerate the heating or cooling process of the adsorbent 4. In this embodiment, as shown... Figure 2 As shown, the heat film 3 is spirally arranged around the reinforcing cover. Of course, other arrangements can also be designed as needed.

[0066] The adsorbent 4 is made of an adsorbent material with a high specific surface area (such as activated carbon), which can efficiently adsorb gases, improving cooling efficiency and gas recovery efficiency. In this embodiment, the dilution refrigeration unit enhancer also includes an adsorbent support 6, which is connected inside the enhancer body 1, and the adsorbent 4 is supported on the adsorbent support 6. The adsorbent support 6 is typically a metal grid structure, designed to support the adsorbent 4 and prevent it from falling into the distillation chamber during operation. The design of the adsorbent support 6 not only ensures the stability of the adsorbent 4 but also facilitates system maintenance and operation.

[0067] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the connecting bracket 5 is made of sheet metal and has an overall inverted U-shaped structure. The bottom of the connecting bracket 5 is bent inward, and the bent part of the bottom of the connecting bracket 5 is connected to the reinforcing cover plate 12 of the reinforcing body 1 by bolts. The top of the connecting bracket 5 is connected to the 4K disc of the dry dilution refrigeration machine or the 1K disc of the wet dilution refrigeration machine by bolts. A through hole is opened in the middle of the connecting bracket 5, and the cable of the heater 2 passes through the through hole.

[0068] The connecting bracket 5 is made of a low thermal conductivity material. The intensifier is mounted on the 4K plate of a dry dilution refrigeration unit (or the 1K plate of a wet dilution refrigeration system) via a connecting bracket 5 made of a low thermal conductivity material. The connecting bracket 5 is made of a low thermal conductivity material to avoid excessive heat conduction to the plate, while also reasonably promoting the cooling of the intensifier when the heater 2 is turned off.

[0069] In this embodiment, the dilution refrigerator enhancer functions as a cryogenic pump. During standard system operation of the dilution refrigerator, heater 2 maintains the enhancer at approximately 40K. When increased cooling power is required, heater 2 is shut off. At this point, since the enhancer is connected to a 4K plate cooled by a pulse tube refrigerator cold head (or a 1K plate maintained at a low temperature by a 1K tank in a wet dilution refrigerator), the adsorbent 4 begins to cool. Due to its large surface area, the adsorbent 4 begins to cryogenically draw mixed vapors from the distillation chamber during cooling. This process allows for higher distillation chamber power, promoting greater helium-3 evaporation, thereby enhancing flow at the mixing chamber interface and significantly improving the refrigerator's cooling capacity. The enhancement process ends when the adsorbent 4 is full. The regeneration process involves heating the enhancer to 40K, releasing all adsorbed helium back into the gas cycle in standard mode. These gases are then extracted using a conventional external pump, and the system returns to standard operation mode using the external pump.

[0070] This invention enables rapid and efficient pumping of the distillation chamber, significantly increasing the flow rate in the system and greatly enhancing cooling power within a set time, thereby achieving more efficient cryogenic environment control. Because the pumping line distance between the intensifier and the distillation chamber is very short, no vibration is generated during operation, which is particularly beneficial for highly sensitive experiments requiring a vibration-free environment to ensure accurate measurements.

[0071] The installation method of the dilution refrigeration unit in this embodiment is carefully designed to effectively limit the heat load of the unit on the mounting plate when the heater 2 is operating, avoiding excessive heat conduction that could affect the system's temperature balance. Simultaneously, after the heater 2 is turned off, the equipment can rapidly cool to the plate temperature, thereby improving energy efficiency and cooling speed, and reducing energy waste.

[0072] Example 2:

[0073] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment discloses a dilution refrigeration machine, which uses the dilution refrigeration machine enhancer in the above embodiment one.

[0074] like Figure 4 As shown, in the dry dilution refrigeration machine, the dilution refrigeration machine enhancer is connected to the 4K disc of the dry dilution refrigeration machine via the connecting bracket 5, and the nozzle 13 of the dilution refrigeration machine enhancer is connected to the distillation chamber pump line 7 via the connecting pipe 8.

[0075] like Figure 5 As shown, in the wet dilution refrigeration unit, the 1K plate of the wet refrigeration unit is connected; the nozzle 13 of the dilution refrigeration unit enhancer is connected to the distillation chamber pump line 7 via the connecting pipe 8.

[0076] The dilution refrigeration enhancer is directly connected to the distillation chamber pump line 7, enabling close collaboration with the cryogenic cooling system. This connection optimizes hydrodynamic performance, ensuring efficient circulation of helium-3 within the system and thus improving cooling performance.

[0077] This embodiment is applicable to both dry and wet dilution chillers. No other parts of the dilution chiller need to be changed; only an intensifier needs to be added, resulting in low modification costs.

[0078] Example 3:

[0079] The present invention also discloses the operation mode of the dilution refrigeration machine, which is applied to the dilution refrigeration machine in the above embodiment 2, including three operation modes;

[0080] In standard mode: the dilution chiller achieves circulation only through an external pump system; such as Figure 6 As shown, this represents the normal operating state of the dilution refrigerator. An external pump system facilitates the continuous entry of helium-3 atoms from the concentrated phase into the dilution phase through the phase interface. Simultaneously, the extracted helium-3 is condensed and then replenished into the concentrated phase, forming a continuous cycle that ensures the refrigerator's continuous operation.

[0081] like Figure 7 As shown, in high-power cooling mode, the booster and external pump system work together to achieve high cooling performance, including the following steps:

[0082] 1) Turn off heater 2: Before starting the equipment, first turn off heater 2 of the enhancer in order to enter the cooling mode.

[0083] 2) Equipment Cooling: During the cooling process, the enhancer acts as a cryogenic pump, adsorbing the mixed gas in the distillation chamber and effectively extracting helium-3, significantly reducing the temperature of the distillation chamber. At this time, the distillation chamber heater can be activated to promote the evaporation of more helium-3 from the mixed gas. Due to the close coupling between the enhancer and the distillation chamber, it can effectively control the rise in the distillation chamber temperature while significantly reducing the concentration of helium-3 in the distillation chamber.

[0084] 3) High-power operation: The decrease in helium-3 concentration in the distillation chamber drives helium-3 from the mixing chamber to flow into the distillation chamber through the phase interface. Due to the powerful booster's proximity to the distillation chamber, a large helium-3 flow rate can be provided, effectively accelerating the flow and improving the efficiency of the entire cooling system. Therefore, the dilution refrigeration system can operate at high cooling power for a set time.

[0085] 4) Regeneration equipment: such as Figure 8 As shown, when the booster reaches saturation, the additional cooling capacity disappears, and the boosting process terminates. The booster is then restored to its operating state by activating the heating element to regenerate the equipment.

[0086] In silent mode, only the amplifier operates, including the following steps:

[0087] 1) Turn off heater 2: Before starting low-vibration operation, turn off heater 2 first.

[0088] 2) Shut down the external pump system and pulse tube refrigerator: Stop the operation of the pulse tube refrigerator and external pump system to reduce the mechanical vibration generated by the system.

[0089] 3) Helium battery cooling: The dry dilution refrigerator system utilizes the cooling effect provided by a helium battery mounted on the 4K disk (the helium battery works by condensing helium gas into a dedicated container mounted on the 4K flange. Once this container is filled with liquid helium, the pulse tube refrigerator can be shut down. At this time, by pumping the helium storage tank, the temperature of the 4K flange is maintained at a sufficiently low level, thereby ensuring the continued stable operation of the dilution refrigerator), keeping the equipment at a low temperature, thus further reducing the impact of vibration on the experiment;

[0090] When only the enhancer is operating, it adsorbs the mixed gas in the distillation chamber, effectively extracting helium-3 and significantly reducing the temperature of the distillation chamber. At this point, the distillation chamber heater can be activated to promote the evaporation of more helium-3 from the mixed gas. Due to the close coupling between the enhancer and the distillation chamber, it can effectively control the rise in the distillation chamber temperature while significantly reducing the concentration of helium-3 in the distillation chamber.

[0091] 4) Start the pulse tube refrigerator and external pump system: After a period of time or after the experiment is completed, start the pulse tube refrigerator and pump under low vibration conditions to restore normal cooling cycle.

[0092] 5) Heating element regeneration equipment: After the cooling and low vibration phases are completed, heater 2 is started to regenerate the equipment and restore it to its working state.

[0093] The intensifier is combined with a helium battery, which cools the equipment at low temperatures, enabling the equipment to operate stably under low vibration conditions. This further reduces the impact of mechanical vibration on the system, thereby ensuring the precision and stability of the experimental environment.

[0094] This embodiment provides an intensifier for dry and wet dilution refrigerator systems, solving the problems of vibration interference in cryogenic experiments and insufficient cooling efficiency in existing technologies. By optimizing the intensifier design and installation, this system achieves continuous ultra-low vibration operation of the dilution refrigerator system and significantly improves cooling power performance. This invention is particularly suitable for sensitive experiments requiring precise control (such as microscopy and spectroscopy), especially important in dry dilution refrigerators, where vibrations from pulse tube refrigerators and pumps can interfere with delicate experiments. The system's cooling power is limited by the pump's ability to effectively extract helium-3 from the distillation chamber. This embodiment enables rapid and efficient pumping of the distillation chamber, significantly increasing the flow rate in the system and substantially enhancing cooling power within a set time, thereby achieving more efficient cryogenic environment control.

[0095] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dilution refrigeration compressor enhancer, characterized in that, Includes the enhancer body, heater, heat film, adsorbent, and connecting bracket; One end of the enhancer body is recessed inward to form a blind mounting hole, and the heater is connected in the blind mounting hole. The other end of the enhancer body includes a connection hole communicating with the interior. The enhancer body contains the thermal film. The adsorbent fills the gaps in the thermal film within the enhancer body. The connecting bracket is connected to the top of the intensifier body, and the connecting bracket is connected to the 4K disc of the dry dilution refrigeration machine or the 1K disc of the wet refrigeration machine; the intensifier body includes an intensifier body, an intensifier cover plate, and a nozzle; The main body of the enhancer is a cylindrical structure. One end of the main body of the enhancer is connected to the side of the enhancer cover plate, and the other end is connected to the side of the nozzle. A columnar mounting blind hole extends from the center of the reinforcing cover plate along the interior direction of the reinforcing body. The heater is connected in the mounting blind hole, and the heat film is placed inside the reinforcing body around the outside of the mounting blind hole.

2. The dilution refrigeration enhancer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle has a plate-like structure, and a connecting pipe extends from the center of the nozzle away from the main body of the intensifier.

3. The dilution refrigeration enhancer according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an adsorbent support, which is connected to the enhancer body and the adsorbent is supported on the adsorbent support.

4. The dilution refrigeration enhancer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the connecting bracket is connected to the reinforcing body by bolts, and the top of the connecting bracket is connected to the 4K disc of the dry dilution refrigeration machine or the 1K disc of the wet refrigeration machine by bolts. A through hole is provided in the middle of the connecting bracket, and the heater cable passes through the through hole.

5. The dilution refrigeration enhancer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The main body of the intensifier is made of a material with low thermal conductivity, and the cover plate of the intensifier is made of a material with high thermal conductivity.

6. The dilution refrigeration enhancer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting bracket is made of a material with low thermal conductivity.

7. The dilution refrigeration enhancer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorbent is activated carbon.

8. A dilution refrigeration unit, characterized in that, The dilution refrigeration enhancer according to any one of claims 1-7 is used; The dilution refrigeration unit enhancer is connected to the 4K plate of the dry dilution refrigeration unit or the 1K plate of the wet refrigeration unit via a connecting bracket; the connecting hole of the dilution refrigeration unit enhancer is connected to the pumping line of the distillation chamber.

9. The operating mode of the dilution refrigeration machine, applied to the dilution refrigeration machine of claim 8 above, characterized in that, It includes three operating modes; In standard mode, the dilution chiller achieves circulation solely through an external pump system; In high-power cooling mode, the heater is turned off, and the dilution refrigerator enhancer is combined with the dilution refrigerator in standard mode to achieve the adsorption of helium-3 in the distillation chamber during the cooling process. In silent mode, the heater is turned off, the external pump system and pulse tube refrigerator are stopped, and cooling is provided by the helium battery, only diluting the helium-3 in the adsorption distillation chamber of the refrigerator enhancer.

10. The operation mode of the dilution refrigeration unit according to claim 9, characterized in that, In high-power cooling mode, the distillation chamber heater is activated; when the dilution refrigeration enhancer reaches saturation, the heating element is activated to restore the working state of the dilution refrigeration enhancer. After running in silent mode for a set time, the external pump system and pulse tube chiller are started, and the heating element is activated to restore the working state of the dilution chiller enhancer.

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