Transformer bushing oil level detection method, device, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a transformer bushing oil level detection method, device and equipment and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the detection of preset detection points of all bushings in a target transformer through ultrasonic waves, so as to obtain the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point; wherein the bushings are a plurality of bushings respectively located at different high-voltage sides in the target transformer; each sleeve respectively corresponds to a detection point, and each detection point is arranged at the topmost end of the capacitor unit of the corresponding sleeve; according to the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point, judging whether the target transformer meets the lowest operation condition of the equipment or not, and if so, sequentially carrying out secondary detection in the preset detection interval of each sleeve in the target transformer through an axial multi-point scanning technology to obtain a final detection result; wherein the detection interval is located in the vertical axis direction of the sleeve oil conservator of the corresponding sleeve. The reliability and the accuracy of oil level detection of the transformer bushing can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of smart grid equipment monitoring technology, and in particular to a method, device, equipment and medium for detecting transformer bushing oil level. Background Technology

[0002] Conducting transformer bushing oil level checks is a crucial measure to ensure the safe and stable operation of transformers. As core equipment in the power grid, the bushings of transformers play a vital role in fixing, insulating, and transmitting current, and the oil level is a critical parameter for bushing monitoring. An excessively high oil level may lead to increased internal oil pressure and oil overflow; an excessively low oil level may allow air to enter the capacitor core, causing a decrease in insulation levels, triggering partial discharge, or even insulation breakdown. Furthermore, issues such as aging and contaminated oil level sight glasses during on-site inspections, and the compact structure of newly built indoor substations, also affect the accurate observation of oil levels. Therefore, effective detection is necessary to promptly identify abnormal oil levels and take appropriate measures.

[0003] Existing technologies employ various detection methods, but they all have significant drawbacks. Some use ultrasonic level gauges with telescopic rods, others determine oil level based on differences in capacitance between electrodes, some install ultrasonic probes at the oil tank for online monitoring, and still others use mechanical oil level gauges. However, these technologies cannot perform measurements while the equipment is energized, preventing maintenance personnel from obtaining data promptly and increasing the risk of malfunctions. Furthermore, some rely on infrared thermometry, which is susceptible to interference from external factors and lacks reliability. Moreover, due to significant differences in the internal structure of casings from different manufacturers, existing ultrasonic detection methods suffer from poor accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for detecting transformer bushing oil level, which can improve the reliability and accuracy of transformer bushing oil level detection.

[0005] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for detecting the oil level in a transformer bushing, comprising: Ultrasonic waves are used to detect the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each bushing in the target transformer at preset detection points to obtain the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point. Each bushing is a number of bushings in the target transformer located on different high-voltage sides. Each bushing corresponds to a detection point, and each detection point is set at the top of the capacitor unit of the corresponding bushing. Based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point, it is determined whether the target transformer meets the minimum operating conditions of the equipment. If it does, then through axial multi-point scanning technology, a second detection is performed sequentially in the preset detection range of each bushing in the target transformer to obtain the final detection result; wherein, the detection range is located in the vertical axis direction of the bushing oil conservator of the corresponding bushing.

[0006] This invention utilizes ultrasonic testing to obtain the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance for different bushings in a target transformer. By leveraging the medium-dependent characteristic of ultrasonic propagation distance, it initially obtains basic data reflecting the oil level. Furthermore, since each bushing belongs to a different high-voltage side, it covers key parts of the transformer, ensuring comprehensive testing. The equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance is used to determine if the minimum operating conditions of the equipment are met. If they are, a second test using axial multi-point scanning technology yields the final result. This allows for the screening of equipment meeting basic operating conditions through a single test, avoiding unnecessary second tests on equipment that does not meet the minimum conditions, thus improving efficiency. The second test employs axial multi-point scanning, refining the testing dimensions, reducing single-point errors, and effectively avoiding interference caused by structural differences in the internal oil conservator and clamping bolts of bushings from different manufacturers. Compared with existing technologies, this invention improves the reliability and accuracy of transformer bushing oil level detection.

[0007] Furthermore, the process involves using ultrasound to detect each bushing in the target transformer at predetermined detection points to obtain the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance at each detection point. Specifically: By using ultrasound, the propagation speed and propagation time of each bushing in the target transformer are obtained by detecting the preset detection points. Based on the propagation speed and propagation time, the preliminary transmission distance of each detection point is calculated, and based on the preliminary transmission distance and the preset sound wave attenuation compensation coefficient, the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point is calculated respectively.

[0008] This invention provides an embodiment of the invention that calculates a preliminary transmission distance by obtaining the propagation speed and propagation time, and then obtains an equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance by combining the preset sound wave attenuation compensation coefficient. The propagation speed and time are direct parameters for calculating the distance. However, the sound waves attenuate differently in media such as oil and gas. The compensation coefficient can correct the influence of attenuation on the distance calculation, making the preliminary transmission distance closer to the actual distance and improving the accuracy of the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance. This provides more reliable basic data for subsequent judgment and secondary detection, thereby improving the overall accuracy of the detection.

[0009] Furthermore, determining whether the target transformer meets the minimum operating conditions of the equipment based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance at each detection point specifically involves: Based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point, the lateral data is compared to obtain the lateral deviation value, and based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point, the longitudinal data is compared to obtain the longitudinal deviation value of each sleeve. If the lateral deviation value meets a preset lateral threshold or the longitudinal deviation value meets a preset longitudinal threshold, then the target transformer is determined to meet the minimum operating conditions of the equipment.

[0010] This invention, through a lateral comparison of the equivalent distances of different casings, can identify abnormal deviations under the same operating conditions, such as a casing showing significant differences from others. A longitudinal comparison of the same casing with historical data can capture abnormal changes over time, such as a continuous drop in oil level. Meeting a preset threshold for either lateral or longitudinal deviation determines that the minimum operating conditions are met. This dual threshold judgment clarifies whether the equipment is in a basic state suitable for further testing, avoiding distortion of test results due to severe anomalies. This multi-dimensional assessment of the equipment's basic state reduces the bias of single-dimensional judgments, ensuring the reliability of the equipment entering secondary testing and laying the foundation for accurate final results.

[0011] Furthermore, based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance at each detection point, a lateral data comparison is performed to obtain the lateral deviation value, specifically as follows: Based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance at each detection point, the average data value is calculated to obtain the average value of the sleeve measurement. The lateral deviation value is calculated using a preset Euclidean distance algorithm based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point and the average value of the sleeve measurement.

[0012] The embodiments of the present invention calculate the lateral deviation value using the Euclidean distance algorithm. The mean value reflects the overall level, while the Euclidean distance can quantify the degree of deviation of a single sleeve from the overall level, making the calculation of the lateral deviation value more mathematically rigorous and avoiding subjective judgment errors.

[0013] Furthermore, based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance at each detection point, longitudinal data comparison is performed to obtain the longitudinal deviation value of each sleeve, specifically as follows: Extract the oil level detection time series of each type of casing from the preset historical data fingerprint database, and obtain the longitudinal reference value of each casing based on the oil level detection time series. Based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point and its corresponding longitudinal reference value, the longitudinal deviation value of each point is calculated.

[0014] This invention extracts the oil level detection time series of the same type of casing from the historical data fingerprint database to obtain the longitudinal benchmark value and calculate the longitudinal deviation value. The historical data of the same type of casing is comparable, and the time series can reflect the normal change trend. Using this as a benchmark to calculate the deviation can effectively identify anomalies that exceed the normal range and reduce misjudgments caused by individual differences.

[0015] Furthermore, the axial multi-point scanning technology is used to perform secondary detection on each bushing in the target transformer within a preset detection range to obtain the final detection result, specifically as follows: For each sleeve, the ultrasonic probe is moved at equal intervals along the axial direction of the sleeve oil conservator to obtain the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each preset secondary detection point, and the abrupt change position of the corresponding sleeve is identified based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each preset secondary detection point. If the mutation location meets the preset boundary conditions, the mutation location is determined as the initial oil position of the corresponding casing. Then, the axial multi-point scanning technology is used to detect again within the preset interval before and after the initial oil position to obtain the final oil position of the corresponding casing.

[0016] This invention, through embodiments thereof, uses probes moved at equal intervals along the axial direction of the casing oil conservator to obtain the equivalent distance of secondary detection points, thereby identifying abrupt changes in location and comprehensively covering the possible oil level range. These abrupt changes typically correspond to the boundary between oil and gas media. By capturing these abrupt changes through multi-point data, single-point missed detections are reduced. Points satisfying the boundary conditions at the abrupt change location are identified as initial oil level points. The final oil level points are then detected before and after these points, allowing for localized fine-tuning of the initial oil level points, further narrowing the detection range, reducing errors caused by scanning intervals, and making oil level positioning more accurate. This invention, through axial multi-point scanning and localized secondary fine-tuning detection, accurately locates oil level abrupt change points, reducing errors caused by insufficient detection range or excessive intervals, and significantly improving the accuracy of oil level detection.

[0017] Furthermore, the step of identifying abrupt change locations based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each preset secondary detection point specifically involves: The variation curves of each secondary detection point and the corresponding equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance are fitted using a pre-set Gaussian process regression model. Using a pre-defined convolutional neural network model, the gradient of each secondary detection point in the change curve is calculated, and the abrupt change position of the corresponding sleeve is identified based on the gradient.

[0018] This invention employs a Gaussian process regression model to fit the changing curve. Gaussian process regression excels at handling nonlinear data and smooths out noise interference, making the curve of equivalent distance changing with the detection point more closely resemble the actual trend and reducing the impact of random errors. A convolutional neural network model is used to calculate gradients to identify abrupt change locations. Convolutional neural networks effectively extract local features of the curve, and gradient calculation quantifies the rate of change, accurately identifying abrupt change points and avoiding the subjectivity of manual judgment. This invention combines the curve fitting capabilities of Gaussian process regression with the feature extraction capabilities of convolutional neural networks to improve the accuracy and anti-interference performance of abrupt change location identification, ensuring more accurate oil level positioning and enhancing detection reliability.

[0019] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a transformer bushing oil level detection device, including a minimum operating oil level detection module and a secondary oil level detection module, wherein... The minimum operating oil level detection module is used to detect each bushing in the target transformer by means of ultrasonic waves at preset detection points to obtain the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point; wherein, each bushing is a number of bushings in the target transformer located on different high voltage sides; each bushing corresponds to a detection point, and each detection point is set at the top of the capacitor unit of the corresponding bushing. The secondary oil level detection module is used to determine whether the target transformer meets the minimum operating conditions of the equipment based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point. If it does, it performs secondary detection in the preset detection range of each bushing in the target transformer through axial multi-point scanning technology to obtain the final detection result. The detection range is located in the vertical axis direction of the bushing oil conservator of the corresponding bushing.

[0020] This invention employs a minimum operating oil level detection module to perform ultrasonic testing, obtaining the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance for different bushings in the target transformer. Utilizing the medium-dependent characteristic of ultrasonic propagation distance, it initially obtains basic data reflecting the oil level. Furthermore, since each bushing belongs to a different high-voltage side, it can cover key parts of the transformer, ensuring comprehensive testing. A secondary oil level detection module then determines whether the minimum operating conditions of the equipment are met based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance. If met, a secondary test using axial multi-point scanning technology obtains the final result. This allows for the initial screening of equipment meeting basic operating conditions, avoiding ineffective secondary testing of equipment that does not meet the minimum conditions, thus improving efficiency. The secondary test uses axial multi-point scanning to refine the testing dimensions, reduce single-point errors, and effectively avoid interference caused by structural differences in the internal oil conservator and clamping bolts of bushings from different manufacturers.

[0021] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a terminal device, including: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory, and the communication interface communicate with each other through the communication bus; The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction that causes the processor to perform the operation of the transformer bushing oil level detection method as described in any of the above.

[0022] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium including a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device or apparatus where the computer-readable storage medium is located to perform the transformer bushing oil level detection method as described in any of the above.

[0023] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the embodiments of the present invention and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a transformer bushing oil level detection method provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a graph showing the variation of each secondary detection point and the corresponding equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance fitted in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 The accompanying ultrasonic detection device provided for the embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram along the axial direction of the casing oil conservator provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of a transformer bushing oil level detection device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Example 1: like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for detecting the oil level in a transformer bushing, comprising the following steps: S101, using ultrasound, detection is performed at preset detection points of each bushing in the target transformer to obtain the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point; wherein, each bushing is a plurality of bushings in the target transformer located on different high voltage sides; each bushing corresponds to a detection point, and each detection point is set at the top of the capacitor unit of the corresponding bushing. In this embodiment, the step of using ultrasound to detect each bushing in the target transformer at preset detection points to obtain the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point specifically involves: using ultrasound to detect each bushing in the target transformer at preset detection points to obtain the propagation speed and propagation time of each detection point; calculating the preliminary transmission distance of each detection point based on the propagation speed and propagation time; and calculating the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point based on the preliminary transmission distance and a preset acoustic attenuation compensation coefficient.

[0027] In one specific embodiment, the formula for calculating the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance h at each detection point is as follows: In the formula, The equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance in oil. This refers to the dynamic sound velocity of ultrasound in a medium. This is the time difference between the transmission and reception of the ultrasonic wave. This is the sound wave attenuation compensation coefficient.

[0028] S102, based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point, determine whether the target transformer meets the minimum operating conditions of the equipment. If it does, then through axial multi-point scanning technology, perform secondary detection in the preset detection range of each bushing in the target transformer in sequence to obtain the final detection result; wherein, the detection range is located in the vertical axis direction of the bushing oil conservator of the corresponding bushing.

[0029] In this embodiment, determining whether the target transformer meets the minimum operating conditions of the equipment based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point specifically involves: comparing the lateral data based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point to obtain a lateral deviation value, and comparing the longitudinal data based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point to obtain a longitudinal deviation value for each bushing; if the lateral deviation value meets a preset lateral threshold or the longitudinal deviation value meets a preset longitudinal threshold, then it is determined that the target transformer meets the minimum operating conditions of the equipment.

[0030] In one specific embodiment, determining whether the target transformer meets the minimum operating conditions of the equipment based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point involves: after calculating h, comparing the data in the horizontal direction (e.g., between the high-voltage A, B, and C three-phase bushings) and the data in the vertical direction (the fingerprint of historically measured data of this type of bushing). If the horizontal deviation is not greater than 30% or the vertical deviation is not greater than 20%, then the area is in a state of being full of oil, meeting the minimum operating requirements of the equipment, and the next step of precise oil level measurement is required; otherwise, if the measurement data is abnormal, it is recommended to combine it with other detection results for comprehensive analysis, and if necessary, shut down the power for inspection and handling.

[0031] In this embodiment, the step of comparing lateral data based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point to obtain the lateral deviation value specifically involves: calculating the average data based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point to obtain the average value of the sheath measurement; and using a preset Euclidean distance algorithm, calculating the lateral deviation value based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point and the average value of the sheath measurement.

[0032] In one specific embodiment, based on the three-phase bushing data pool, the lateral deviation is calculated using the Euclidean distance algorithm, and the calculation formula is as follows: In the formula, Let hi be the lateral deviation, and hi be the measured value of the i-th phase bushing (i=A,B,C). This is the average value measured by the three-phase bushing.

[0033] In this embodiment, the longitudinal deviation value of each casing is obtained by comparing longitudinal data based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point. Specifically, the oil level detection time series of each casing of the same model are extracted from the preset historical data fingerprint database, and the longitudinal reference value of each casing is obtained based on the oil level detection time series. The longitudinal deviation value of each casing is calculated based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point and its corresponding longitudinal reference value.

[0034] In one specific embodiment, longitudinal baseline values ​​are obtained by extracting time series data of the same type of sleeve from the historical data fingerprint database, and longitudinal deviation is calculated using the following formula: In the formula, For longitudinal deviation, This is the longitudinal baseline value.

[0035] In this embodiment, the step of performing secondary detection sequentially within a preset detection range of each bushing in the target transformer using axial multi-point scanning technology to obtain the final detection result is as follows: For each bushing, the ultrasonic probe is moved at equal intervals along the axial direction of the bushing oil conservator to obtain the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each preset secondary detection point, and the abrupt change position of the corresponding bushing is identified based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each preset secondary detection point; if the abrupt change position meets the preset boundary conditions, the abrupt change position is determined as the initial oil level point of the corresponding bushing, and the axial multi-point scanning technology is used to perform detection again within the preset range before and after the initial oil level point to obtain the final oil level point of the corresponding bushing.

[0036] In this embodiment, identifying the abrupt change location based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each preset secondary detection point specifically involves: fitting the change curve of each secondary detection point and the corresponding equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance using a preset Gaussian process regression model; calculating the gradient of each secondary detection point in the change curve using a preset convolutional neural network model, so as to identify the abrupt change location of the corresponding sheath based on the gradient.

[0037] In one specific embodiment, the step of performing secondary detection sequentially within a preset detection range of each bushing in the target transformer using axial multi-point scanning technology to obtain the final detection result specifically involves: gradually moving the ultrasonic probe along the axial direction of the bushing oil conservator, recording the h value at each detection point, and obtaining the corresponding curve, as shown in the figure. Figure 2As shown, when h changes abruptly, the corresponding D is the initial casing oil level. Further in High-resolution secondary measurements are performed in the area to accurately locate the oil level.

[0038] Specifically, data from N detection points are collected at equal intervals along the axial direction to obtain a data sequence {( , ),( , ),...,( , Then, the variation curve of h=f(D) is fitted using a Gaussian process regression model, and the gradient in the curve is identified based on a convolutional neural network model. (δ is a preset threshold) mutation location ,when Satisfying (η is the oil / gas boundary threshold), denoted as This was used to initially determine the oil location. Then, a high-resolution secondary measurement was performed, based on the results of the first measurement. Within the range of ΔD, i.e. High-resolution measurements are performed within the specified range. This method significantly reduces measurement errors caused by interference from internal casing components by comprehensively analyzing the h-curve variation patterns of multiple axial detection points, rather than relying on data from a single detection point, thus substantially improving the accuracy of oil level detection.

[0039] Preferred, such as Figure 3 As shown, in order to improve the accuracy of the final detection result, this embodiment of the invention provides a matching ultrasonic detection device, which includes three parts: a measurement module, an insulating support, and a data analysis terminal.

[0040] The measurement module includes a measurement sensor, data preprocessing and transmission device. The module features an electromagnetic interference-resistant housing, meeting measurement requirements under high voltage and strong electric field environments. It also features a low-power design and a built-in battery. The sensor uses an ultrasonic probe to transmit and receive ultrasonic echo signals to detect oil level. It employs a dual-frequency composite probe (1MHz + 500kHz), adapted to both thin-walled sleeves (1MHz high resolution) and thick-walled structures (500kHz strong penetration), allowing selection of appropriate frequencies for different application scenarios. The insulating bracket is used to fix the sensor and allows for angle adjustment over a wide range. The sensor fixing bracket is made of insulating material and adopts a modular design with a building block and snap-fit ​​mechanism. Different shaped bracket modules can be used to adjust the installation angle of the sensor according to specific working conditions, ensuring that the detection direction is accurately aligned with the detection area. High-strength insulating composite materials are used to ensure safety when working with electricity. At the same time, the innovative building block snap-fit ​​structure enables quick assembly and disassembly with "one snap". The data analysis terminal is equipped with a wireless data transmission device, integrating signal transmitting and receiving components to achieve communication with the measurement module. The built-in data processing unit includes a microprocessor and a storage chip. The microprocessor processes the ultrasonic echo signal, while the storage chip temporarily stores raw data and calculation results. External ventilation holes ensure operational stability. A data interface is located on the casing for easy module debugging and maintenance. An LCD screen is provided for real-time display of measurement data and curves.

[0041] It should be noted that when the preset detection points of each bushing in the target transformer are detected separately to obtain the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point, the preset detection points are located as follows: Figure 3 The measurement position 1 shown is specifically located between the top of the porcelain sleeve and the oil conservator on the bushing (see...). Figure 3 The area marked by the red line is usually the top of the bushing capacitor unit. The oil level must not be lower than this point, which is a necessary condition for the reliable operation of the bushing.

[0042] It should be noted that when performing secondary detections on each bushing in the target transformer sequentially within a preset detection range using axial multi-point scanning technology to obtain the final detection result, the preset detection range is located as follows: Figure 3 The measurement position 2 shown is specifically a measurement section along the axial direction of the casing oil conservator. The standard oil level of the casing should be located in this area (not less than 1 / 2 for upright casing and not less than 2 / 3 for inclined installation). Furthermore, when the ultrasonic probe is gradually moved along the axial direction of the sleeve oil conservator, the axial direction of the sleeve oil conservator is as follows: Figure 4 As shown.

[0043] This invention utilizes ultrasonic testing to obtain the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance for different bushings in a target transformer. By leveraging the medium-dependent characteristic of ultrasonic propagation distance, it initially obtains basic data reflecting the oil level. Furthermore, since each bushing belongs to a different high-voltage side, it covers key parts of the transformer, ensuring comprehensive testing. The equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance is used to determine if the minimum operating conditions of the equipment are met. If they are, a second test using axial multi-point scanning technology yields the final result. This allows for the screening of equipment meeting basic operating conditions through a single test, avoiding unnecessary second tests on equipment that does not meet the minimum conditions, thus improving efficiency. The second test employs axial multi-point scanning, refining the testing dimensions, reducing single-point errors, and effectively avoiding interference caused by structural differences in the internal oil conservator and clamping bolts of bushings from different manufacturers. Compared with existing technologies, this invention improves the reliability and accuracy of transformer bushing oil level detection.

[0044] Example 2: like Figure 5As shown, this embodiment provides a transformer bushing oil level detection device, including a minimum operating oil level detection module 201 and a secondary oil level detection module 202, wherein... The minimum operating oil level detection module 201 is used to detect each bushing in the target transformer by means of ultrasonic waves at preset detection points to obtain the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point; wherein, each bushing is a number of bushings in the target transformer located on different high voltage sides; each bushing corresponds to a detection point, and each detection point is set at the top of the capacitor unit of the corresponding bushing. In this embodiment, the minimum operating oil level detection module 201 uses ultrasound to detect the preset detection points of each bushing in the target transformer to obtain the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point. Specifically, the minimum operating oil level detection module 201 uses ultrasound to detect the preset detection points of each bushing in the target transformer to obtain the propagation speed and propagation time of each detection point; based on the propagation speed and propagation time, the preliminary transmission distance of each detection point is calculated, and based on the preliminary transmission distance and the preset sound wave attenuation compensation coefficient, the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point is calculated.

[0045] The secondary oil level detection module 202 is used to determine whether the target transformer meets the minimum operating conditions of the equipment based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point. If it does, it performs secondary detection in the preset detection range of each bushing in the target transformer in sequence through axial multi-point scanning technology to obtain the final detection result. The detection range is located in the vertical axis direction of the bushing oil conservator of the corresponding bushing.

[0046] In this embodiment, the secondary oil level detection module 202 uses axial multi-point scanning technology to perform secondary detection in the preset detection range of each bushing in the target transformer to obtain the final detection result. Specifically, for each bushing, the secondary oil level detection module 202 moves the ultrasonic probe at equal intervals along the axial direction of the bushing oil conservator to obtain the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each preset secondary detection point, and identifies the abrupt change position of the corresponding bushing based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each preset secondary detection point. If the abrupt change position meets the preset boundary condition, the abrupt change position is determined as the initial oil level point of the corresponding bushing, and the axial multi-point scanning technology is used to perform detection again in the preset range before and after the initial oil level point to obtain the final oil level point of the corresponding bushing.

[0047] For a more detailed explanation of the working principle and procedures of this embodiment, please refer to the relevant description in Embodiment 1.

[0048] In this embodiment of the invention, the minimum operating oil level detection module 201 performs ultrasonic testing to obtain the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance for different bushings in the target transformer. This utilizes the characteristic that ultrasonic propagation distance is related to the medium to initially obtain basic data reflecting the oil level. Furthermore, since each bushing belongs to a different high-voltage side, it can cover key parts of the transformer, ensuring comprehensive testing. The secondary oil level detection module 202 determines whether the minimum operating conditions of the equipment are met based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance. If they are met, a secondary test using axial multi-point scanning technology obtains the final result. This allows for the initial screening of equipment meeting basic operating conditions, avoiding invalid secondary tests on equipment that does not meet the minimum conditions, thus improving efficiency. The secondary test uses axial multi-point scanning to refine the testing dimensions, reduce single-point errors, and effectively avoid interference caused by structural differences in the internal oil conservator and clamping bolts of bushings from different manufacturers.

[0049] Example 3: This embodiment provides a terminal device, including: a processor, a memory, a communication interface, and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the memory, and the communication interface communicate with each other through the communication bus; The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction that causes the processor to perform the operation of the transformer bushing oil level detection method as described in any of the above.

[0050] Example 4: This invention provides a computer-readable storage medium comprising a stored computer program, wherein the computer program, when running, controls the device or apparatus containing the computer-readable storage medium to perform the transformer bushing oil level detection method as described above.

[0051] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. The storage medium can be a magnetic disk, optical disk, read-only memory (ROM), or random access memory (RAM), etc.

[0052] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In particular, it should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention for those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A method for detecting the oil level in a transformer bushing, characterized in that, include: Ultrasonic waves are used to detect the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each bushing in the target transformer at preset detection points to obtain the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point. Each bushing is a number of bushings in the target transformer located on different high-voltage sides. Each bushing corresponds to a detection point, and each detection point is set at the top of the capacitor unit of the corresponding bushing. Based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point, it is determined whether the target transformer meets the minimum operating conditions of the equipment. If it does, then through axial multi-point scanning technology, a second detection is performed sequentially in the preset detection range of each bushing in the target transformer to obtain the final detection result; wherein, the detection range is located in the vertical axis direction of the bushing oil conservator of the corresponding bushing.

2. The method for detecting transformer bushing oil level as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves using ultrasound to detect each bushing in the target transformer at predetermined detection points to obtain the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance at each detection point. Specifically: By using ultrasound, the propagation speed and propagation time of each bushing in the target transformer are obtained by detecting the preset detection points. Based on the propagation speed and propagation time, the preliminary transmission distance of each detection point is calculated, and based on the preliminary transmission distance and the preset sound wave attenuation compensation coefficient, the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point is calculated respectively.

3. The method for detecting transformer bushing oil level as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the target transformer meets the minimum operating conditions of the equipment based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance at each detection point is as follows: Based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point, the lateral data is compared to obtain the lateral deviation value, and based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point, the longitudinal data is compared to obtain the longitudinal deviation value of each sleeve. If the lateral deviation value meets a preset lateral threshold or the longitudinal deviation value meets a preset longitudinal threshold, then the target transformer is determined to meet the minimum operating conditions of the equipment.

4. The method for detecting transformer bushing oil level as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The lateral deviation value is obtained by comparing the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance at each detection point. Based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance at each detection point, the average data value is calculated to obtain the average value of the sleeve measurement. The lateral deviation value is calculated using a preset Euclidean distance algorithm based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point and the average value of the sleeve measurement.

5. The method for detecting transformer bushing oil level as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The longitudinal deviation value of each sleeve is obtained by comparing longitudinal data based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance at each detection point, specifically as follows: Extract the oil level detection time series of each type of casing from the preset historical data fingerprint database, and obtain the longitudinal reference value of each casing based on the oil level detection time series. Based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point and its corresponding longitudinal reference value, the longitudinal deviation value of each point is calculated.

6. The method for detecting transformer bushing oil level as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method involves using axial multi-point scanning technology to perform secondary inspections sequentially within preset detection ranges of each bushing in the target transformer to obtain the final inspection result. Specifically: For each sleeve, the ultrasonic probe is moved at equal intervals along the axial direction of the sleeve oil conservator to obtain the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each preset secondary detection point, and the abrupt change position of the corresponding sleeve is identified based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each preset secondary detection point. If the mutation location meets the preset boundary conditions, the mutation location is determined as the initial oil position of the corresponding casing. Then, the axial multi-point scanning technology is used to detect again within the preset interval before and after the initial oil position to obtain the final oil position of the corresponding casing.

7. The method for detecting transformer bushing oil level as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The step of identifying abrupt change locations based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each preset secondary detection point specifically involves: The variation curves of each secondary detection point and the corresponding equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance are fitted using a pre-set Gaussian process regression model. Using a pre-defined convolutional neural network model, the gradient of each secondary detection point in the change curve is calculated, and the abrupt change position of the corresponding sleeve is identified based on the gradient.

8. A transformer bushing oil level detection device, characterized in that, This includes a minimum operating oil level detection module and a secondary oil level detection module, among which... The minimum operating oil level detection module is used to detect each bushing in the target transformer by means of ultrasonic waves at preset detection points to obtain the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point; wherein, each bushing is a number of bushings in the target transformer located on different high voltage sides; each bushing corresponds to a detection point, and each detection point is set at the top of the capacitor unit of the corresponding bushing. The secondary oil level detection module is used to determine whether the target transformer meets the minimum operating conditions of the equipment based on the equivalent ultrasonic transmission distance of each detection point. If it does, it performs secondary detection in the preset detection range of each bushing in the target transformer through axial multi-point scanning technology to obtain the final detection result. The detection range is located in the vertical axis direction of the bushing oil conservator of the corresponding bushing.

9. A terminal device, characterized in that, include: The processor, memory, communication interface, and communication bus are provided, wherein the processor, memory, and communication interface communicate with each other via the communication bus. The memory is used to store at least one executable instruction that causes the processor to perform the operation of the transformer bushing oil level detection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, wherein, when the computer program is executed, it controls the device or apparatus containing the computer-readable storage medium to perform the transformer bushing oil level detection method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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