Bearing-energy storage-structure health monitoring integrated composite material and application

Abstract

The invention relates to a bearing-energy storage-structure health monitoring integrated composite material and application, and belongs to the field of functional composite materials. Structural health monitoring is realized through a quantum tunneling effect of the nano sensor under ultrasonic excitation, and mutual conversion between electric energy and chemical energy is completed through electronic physical adsorption or chemical reaction so as to realize energy storage capacity. Good aerodynamic configuration of the aircraft can be guaranteed, mechanical property requirements of structural load bearing can be met, structural weight and size can be reduced, electric energy can be stored to supply power to the aircraft locally, and structural health monitoring capability of the embedded nano sensor is matched, so that reliability of the aircraft is improved. The composite material intelligent skin structure integrating bearing, energy storage and health monitoring is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an integrated composite material for load-bearing, energy storage, and structural health monitoring, and its application, belonging to the field of functional composite materials. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of sustainable development and intelligent technologies, modern engineering applications are placing higher demands on the performance of composite materials, especially in fields such as electric aircraft and electric vehicles. These applications require both excellent load-bearing capacity and lightweight construction, making the research and application of functional composite materials a hot topic. Meanwhile, the integrated development of intelligent materials and structures is gradually becoming an important direction for improving system performance.

[0003] Currently, most traditional electric aircraft use battery packs mounted in a specific part of the fuselage. To ensure safety, these battery packs also require a rigid and strong encapsulation shell, increasing the overall weight of the aircraft and indirectly reducing its range. Furthermore, structural health monitoring systems are crucial for the reliability and safety of aircraft. The commonly used monitoring method involves attaching sensor patches to the outside of the aircraft skin for data collection. However, this method carries the risk of sensor patches detaching during flight, and protruding sensor patches can also cause some damage to the aircraft's aerodynamic shape. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention, by embedding energy storage units and health monitoring sensors into composite materials, not only increases the system's energy storage capacity but also enables real-time monitoring of the structure's health during service, thereby improving the overall structural safety and reliability and enhancing the electric aircraft's endurance. This invention effectively reduces the weight of electric aircraft, improves structural safety, and maintains a favorable aerodynamic shape.

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a novel multifunctional composite intelligent skin structure that integrates functions such as load bearing, energy storage, and structural health monitoring, and can effectively reduce the weight of the aircraft, improve the structural safety of the aircraft, and maintain the good aerodynamic shape of the aircraft.

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention proposes a novel configuration that embeds a flexible energy storage device and a carbon nanotube sensor into a composite sandwich structure. This configuration achieves both electrochemical energy storage capacity and structural health monitoring function while fully ensuring load-bearing capacity.

[0007] According to one aspect of this application, a composite material integrating load-bearing, energy storage, and structural health monitoring is provided, comprising, from one end to the other, a fiber structure layer, a structural health monitoring layer, a flexible energy storage layer, a structural health monitoring layer, and a fiber structure layer.

[0008] The fiber structure layer has the same length and width dimensions as the flexible energy storage layer;

[0009] The length and width dimensions of the structural health monitoring layer are 0.1 to 1 mm larger than those of the fiber structure layer.

[0010] The material of the fiber structure layer is selected from at least one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, quartz fiber or aramid fiber;

[0011] The fiber structure layer is in the form of unidirectional fiber cloth or woven cloth.

[0012] The structural health monitoring layer consists of nanosensors coated on the surface of the reinforcement.

[0013] The material of the reinforcement is selected from at least one of glass fiber, quartz fiber or aramid fiber;

[0014] The reinforcing body is in the form of unidirectional fiber cloth or woven cloth;

[0015] The material of the nanosensor is selected from at least one of carbon nanotubes and graphene.

[0016] The flexible energy storage layer consists of two modified carbon fiber electrodes and a gel electrolyte membrane.

[0017] The carbon fiber material of the modified carbon fiber electrode is selected from either unidirectional carbon fiber cloth or woven cloth.

[0018] The modifying material of the modified carbon fiber electrode is selected from at least one of porous carbon, graphene, carbon nanotubes, transition metal oxides or hydroxides.

[0019] The gel electrolyte membrane comprises a matrix, an ion-conducting phase, and a membrane.

[0020] The matrix material is selected from at least one of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene oxide (PEO), or polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP);

[0021] The material of the ion-conducting phase is selected from either a liquid electrolyte or an ionic liquid, which can be modified with matching materials.

[0022] The diaphragm is made of at least one of glass fiber, quartz fiber, or aramid fiber woven fabric.

[0023] The nanosensor is connected to wires for transmitting data.

[0024] According to another aspect of this application, an application is provided for the above-described load-bearing-energy storage-structural health monitoring integrated composite material, used as a skin material for aircraft, automobiles, or ships.

[0025] The advantages of this application are:

[0026] This invention utilizes a composite material integrating load-bearing, energy storage, and health monitoring. It achieves structural health monitoring through the quantum tunneling effect of nanosensors under ultrasonic excitation, and stores energy through the conversion between electrical and chemical energy via electron physical adsorption or chemical reaction. This invention not only ensures a good aerodynamic shape for the aircraft, meets the mechanical performance requirements for structural load-bearing, and reduces structural weight and volume, but also stores electrical energy to provide localized power for the aircraft. Combined with the structural health monitoring capabilities of embedded nanosensors, it realizes a smart composite skin structure integrating load-bearing, energy storage, and health monitoring. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a composite material that integrates load-bearing, energy storage, and health monitoring.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structural health monitoring layer.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the flexible energy storage layer.

[0030] In the figure, 100 is the fiber structure layer, 200 is the health monitoring layer, 300 is the flexible energy storage layer, 201 is the fiber cloth, 202 is the nanosensor, 203 is the wire, 301 is the modified carbon fiber electrode, and 302 is the gel electrolyte membrane. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present application is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but the present application is not limited to these embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] Figure 1 The present invention illustrates an integrated composite smart skin structure for load bearing, energy storage, and health monitoring, comprising a fiber structure layer 100, a health monitoring layer 200, and a flexible energy storage layer 300, which are combined into an integral structure and fabricated using a vacuum induction process (VARI). The matrix material is room temperature curing epoxy resin.

[0034] The fiber structure layer 100 of the upper and lower halves of the overall structure is a 4-layer carbon fiber woven fabric with a single layer thickness of 0.25mm. The material is carbon fiber plain weave fabric.

[0035] The health monitoring layer 200 consists of two layers, located on the upper and lower sides of the flexible energy storage layer 300, respectively. The thickness of each layer is 0.1 mm. The fiber cloth 201 is made of glass fiber plain weave fabric, the nanosensor 202 is made of carbon nanotubes, and the wire 203 is made of ultra-fine copper core wire.

[0036] The flexible energy storage layer 300 is composed of two modified carbon fiber electrodes 301 and a gel electrolyte membrane 302, with a total thickness of 0.6 mm. The modified carbon fiber electrode 301 is made of porous carbon modified carbon fiber plain weave fabric. The gel electrolyte matrix material of the gel electrolyte membrane is polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The gel electrolyte ion-conducting phase material of the gel electrolyte membrane is potassium hydroxide (KOH) aqueous solution. The membrane material of the gel electrolyte membrane is glass fiber plain weave fabric.

[0037] Example 2

[0038] The intelligent skin structure of the composite material integrating load-bearing, energy storage and health monitoring of the present invention is prepared by hand lay-up process, and the matrix material is medium-temperature curing epoxy resin.

[0039] Figure 1 The fiber structure layer 100 of the upper and lower halves of the overall structure shown is an 8-layer unidirectional carbon fiber unidirectional cloth with a single layer thickness of 0.125 mm.

[0040] The health monitoring layer 200 consists of two layers, located on the upper and lower sides of the flexible energy storage layer 300, respectively. The thickness of each layer is 0.1 mm. The fiber cloth 201 is made of aramid fiber plain weave fabric, the nanosensor 202 is made of graphene nanosheets, and the wire 203 is made of ultra-fine copper core wire.

[0041] The flexible energy storage layer 300 is composed of two modified carbon fiber electrodes 301 and a gel electrolyte membrane 302, with a total thickness of 0.35 mm. The modified carbon fiber electrode 301 is made of carbon nanotube modified carbon fiber unidirectional cloth. The gel electrolyte matrix material of the gel electrolyte membrane is polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP). The gel electrolyte ion-conducting phase material of the gel electrolyte membrane is an ionic liquid. The membrane material of the gel electrolyte membrane is aramid fiber plain weave cloth.

[0042] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A composite material integrating load-bearing, energy storage, and structural health monitoring, characterized in that, From one end to the other, the layers are arranged in sequence: fiber structure layer, structural health monitoring layer, flexible energy storage layer, structural health monitoring layer, and fiber structure layer.

2. The integrated composite material for load-bearing, energy storage, and structural health monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber structure layer has the same length and width dimensions as the flexible energy storage layer; The length and width dimensions of the structural health monitoring layer are 0.1 to 1 mm larger than those of the fiber structure layer.

3. The integrated composite material for load-bearing, energy storage, and structural health monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The material of the fiber structure layer is selected from at least one of carbon fiber, glass fiber, quartz fiber or aramid fiber; The fiber structure layer is in the form of unidirectional fiber cloth or woven cloth.

4. The integrated composite material for load-bearing, energy storage, and structural health monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structural health monitoring layer consists of nanosensors coated on the surface of the reinforcement.

5. The integrated composite material for load-bearing, energy storage, and structural health monitoring according to claim 4, characterized in that, The material of the reinforcement is selected from at least one of glass fiber, quartz fiber or aramid fiber; The reinforcing body is in the form of unidirectional fiber cloth or woven cloth; The material of the nanosensor is selected from at least one of carbon nanotubes and graphene.

6. The integrated composite material for load-bearing, energy storage, and structural health monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flexible energy storage layer consists of two modified carbon fiber electrodes and a gel electrolyte membrane.

7. The integrated composite material for load-bearing, energy storage, and structural health monitoring according to claim 6, characterized in that, The carbon fiber material of the modified carbon fiber electrode is selected from either unidirectional carbon fiber cloth or woven cloth. The modifying material of the modified carbon fiber electrode is selected from at least one of porous carbon, graphene, carbon nanotubes, transition metal oxides or hydroxides.

8. The integrated composite material for load-bearing, energy storage, and structural health monitoring according to claim 7, characterized in that, The gel electrolyte membrane comprises a matrix, an ion-conducting phase, and a membrane. The matrix material is selected from at least one of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyethylene oxide (PEO), or polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP); The material of the ion-conducting phase is selected from either a liquid electrolyte or an ionic liquid, which can be modified with matching materials. The diaphragm is made of at least one of glass fiber, quartz fiber, or aramid fiber woven fabric.

9. The integrated composite material for load-bearing, energy storage, and structural health monitoring according to claim 4, characterized in that, The nanosensor is connected to wires for transmitting data.

10. The application of the integrated composite material for load-bearing, energy storage, and structural health monitoring as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Used as skin material for aircraft, automobiles, or ships.

Images