Wide-range high-precision rainfall equipment and control method thereof

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides wide-range high-precision rainfall equipment and a control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of a multi-range rainfall technology. Comprising a first measuring range tipping bucket used for counting a first measuring range and generating a first count when the first measuring range tipping bucket turns over; the second measuring range tipping bucket is positioned below the first measuring range tipping bucket and is used for counting a second measuring range; when the second range tipping bucket is overturned, a second count is generated; the counting module is used for storing counting data; when rainfall calculation is carried out, the first range tipping bucket and the second range tipping bucket carry out counting at the same time, zero clearing processing is carried out on first counting of the first range tipping bucket under the condition that the second range tipping bucket completes second counting once, and otherwise, the first range tipping bucket carries out counting continuously. According to the invention, the problems that the rainfall intensity range of a small-range sensor is small, the resolution of a large-range sensor is insufficient, and the range of a multi-range sensor is difficult to select are solved, so that the effect of improving the resolution of rainfall measurement and the compatibility of different rainfall intensity ranges is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of multi-range rainfall calculation, and more specifically, to a wide-range high-precision rainfall measurement device and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] Tipping bucket rain gauges are widely used automatic rainfall measurement instruments in the fields of meteorology and hydrology.

[0003] Traditional multi-flip bucket structures exist. However, when calculating rainfall, existing multi-flip bucket structures either include rainfall data from multiple ranges in the calculation, or require manual selection of the range, regardless of the actual rainfall amount. In either case, small-range sensors have a small rainfall intensity range, large-range sensors have insufficient resolution, and multi-range sensors have difficulty in selecting the range. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a wide-area high-precision rainfall measurement device and its control method, which at least solves the problem that high resolution and high precision cannot be simultaneously satisfied under different precipitation conditions in related technologies.

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a wide-area high-precision rainfall measurement device is provided, comprising: The first-range tipping bucket is used to perform the first-range counting, and the first count is generated when the first-range tipping bucket is flipped. The second-range tipping bucket is located below the first-range tipping bucket. The second-range tipping bucket is used to perform a second-range count. A second count is generated when the second-range tipping bucket flips over. The counting module is used to store the counting data; When calculating rainfall, the first-range tipping bucket and the second-range tipping bucket count simultaneously. When the second-range tipping bucket completes a second count, the first count of the first-range tipping bucket is reset to zero; otherwise, the first-range tipping bucket continues to count.

[0006] In one exemplary embodiment, the inner walls of the first and second range tipping buckets are coated with a nano self-cleaning layer.

[0007] In one exemplary embodiment, a buffer tipping bucket is also included, which is located above the first-range tipping bucket, and rainwater is buffered by the buffer tipping bucket before falling into the first-range tipping bucket.

[0008] In one exemplary embodiment, the side opening of the buffer tipping bucket is provided with a confluence port.

[0009] In an exemplary embodiment, a water collection hopper is provided below the first measuring bucket, and a flow collection trough is provided inside the water collection hopper.

[0010] In one exemplary embodiment, the device further includes a connecting seat and a collecting funnel. The collecting funnel is located above the buffer funnel. A limiting block is fixed to the outer wall of the funnel opening of the collecting funnel. The connecting seat has an installation sleeve on the side near the collecting funnel. The inner wall of the installation sleeve has a vertical slot and an annular groove communicating with the bottom of the slot. After the limiting block is inserted into the slot, the collecting funnel is rotated to fix the collecting funnel.

[0011] In an exemplary embodiment, a water-collecting tipping bucket is provided below the first-range tipping bucket, and a water-collecting inlet is provided at the end of the water-collecting tipping bucket. When the first-range tipping bucket is flipped, rainwater enters the water-collecting tipping bucket, and when the water-collecting tipping bucket is flipped, the rainwater flows through the water-collecting inlet to the second-range tipping bucket.

[0012] In one exemplary embodiment, the water collection tipping bucket is provided with at least two water collection buckets, and a baffle plate is provided on the opposite side of the water collection buckets.

[0013] According to another embodiment of the present invention, a method for controlling a wide-area, high-precision rainfall measurement device is provided, comprising: When calculating rainfall, the first-range tipping bucket and the second-range tipping bucket count simultaneously. When the second-range tipping bucket completes a second count, the first count of the first-range tipping bucket is reset to zero; otherwise, the first-range tipping bucket continues to count.

[0014] In one exemplary embodiment, the method further includes: Obtain the flipping time sequence corresponding to multiple flips of the first range tipping bucket; Based on the flipping time series, determine the occurrence rate of a series of events related to the first range bucket tipping; Based on the occurrence rate of the aforementioned series of events, a dynamic calibration coefficient for correcting the target rainfall is determined using a preset measurement event response spectrum model. The target rainfall amount is corrected using the dynamic calibration coefficient to obtain the final rainfall amount.

[0015] By resetting the first count value to zero, interference from other ranges can be avoided when calculating rainfall, and range selection is not required. This improves both calculation accuracy and efficiency. It also ensures good resolution in low rainfall and high calculation accuracy in high rainfall. Therefore, it solves the problem of low rainfall calculation accuracy and improves the resolution in low rainfall and the calculation accuracy in high rainfall. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wide-area high-precision rainfall measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wide-area high-precision rainfall meter after removing the outer cylinder, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a wide-area high-precision rainfall measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first range tipping bucket assembly in a wide-range high-precision rainfall meter according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second range tipping bucket assembly in a wide-range high-precision rain gauge according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a buffer tipping bucket assembly in a wide-area high-precision rainfall meter according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first range tipping bucket in a wide-range high-precision rain gauge according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the water collection tipping bucket in a wide-area high-precision rainfall meter according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second-range tipping bucket in a wide-range high-precision rain gauge according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of a wide-area high-precision rainfall measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a buffer tipping bucket in a wide-area high-precision rainfall meter according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a partial structural diagram of the collecting funnel in a wide-area high-precision rainfall measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Reference numerals: 100, outer cylinder; 200, rainwater collection assembly; 201, water container; 2011, outward-facing edging; 2012, filter screen; 202, collection funnel; 2021, filter plate; 2022, limiting block; 2023, buffer ramp; 300, first-range tipping bucket assembly; 301, first-range tipping bucket; 3011, first baffle; 3012, third protrusion; 3013, first rotating shaft; 302. 3021. Water collecting bucket; 3022. Water collecting inlet; 3023. Baffle plate; 3024. Second rotating shaft; 3025. First protrusion; 3026. First magnet; 3027. First sensing element; 303. Collecting funnel; 304. First limiting component; 305. Second limiting component; 400. Second measuring range tipping bucket assembly; 401. Second measuring range tipping bucket; 4011. Second baffle; 4012. 4013. Second protrusion; 4014. Third rotating shaft; 4015. Second magnet; 4016. Second sensing element; 402. Drainage funnel; 403. First water collection tank; 404. Third limiting component; 500. Buffer tipping bucket assembly; 501. Buffer tipping bucket; 5011. Third baffle; 5012. Guide slope; 5013. Guide channel; 502. Water collection funnel; 503. Second water collection tank; 504. Fourth limiting component Components; 600, Support body; 601, Connecting seat; 6011, Mounting sleeve; 6012, Slot; 6013, Annular groove; 602, First mounting plate; 603, First rotating seat; 604, Second mounting plate; 605, Second rotating seat; 606, Third mounting plate; 607, Third rotating seat; 700, Counting module; 800, Cylinder base; 801, Seat plate; 802, Support foot; 803, Level. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments.

[0019] In the following description, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0020] Furthermore, in this application, directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" may be defined relative to the orientation of the components shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms can be relative concepts, used for relative description and clarification, and may change accordingly depending on the orientation of the components in the accompanying drawings.

[0021] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, the term "coupled" can refer to an electrical connection that enables signal transmission.

[0022] As used herein, “about,” “approximately,” or “approximately” includes the stated value and the average value within an acceptable range of deviation from the given value, wherein the acceptable range of deviation is determined by a person skilled in the art taking into account the measurement under discussion and the error associated with the measurement of the given quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system).

[0023] like Figures 1-3 As shown, this invention provides a wide-range, high-precision rainfall meter, including an outer cylinder 100 and, from top to bottom, a rainwater collection assembly 200, a first-range tipping bucket assembly 300, and a second-range tipping bucket assembly 400 disposed within the outer cylinder 100. The rainwater collection assembly 200 collects and transports the collected rainwater into the first-range tipping bucket assembly 300. After receiving a first-range capacity of rainwater, the first-range tipping bucket assembly 300 flips and performs a first-range count, forming a first count. The second-range tipping bucket assembly 400 receives the rainwater from the first-range tipping bucket assembly 300 after it has flipped, and after receiving a second-range capacity of rainwater... After the rainwater is collected, the bucket flips over and performs a second-range count to form a second count. In this scheme, the second-range capacity is greater than the first-range capacity. Preferably, the first-range capacity is 0.1 ml and the second-range capacity is 0.5 ml. This rain gauge also includes a counting module 700 for storing the data of the first and second counts. When calculating the rainfall, the first-range count and the second-range count are performed simultaneously. When the second-range bucket 401 completes a second count, the first count of the first-range bucket 301 is cleared. Otherwise, the first-range bucket 301 continues to count.

[0024] Specifically, the rainwater collection device, the first-range tipping bucket assembly 300, and the second-range tipping bucket assembly 400 are all mounted on the support body 600, wherein, as shown... Figure 3As shown, the rainwater harvesting device includes a water container 201 and a collection funnel 202. The water container 201 is fixed to the top of the support body 600 via a support base and is sealed to the upper opening of the outer cylinder 100. In this design, the top of the water container 201 has an outwardly flared edge 2011 structure, and the upper opening of the outer cylinder 100 is inserted into this outwardly flared edge 2011 structure to form a sealed connection, thereby ensuring that all rainwater enters the outer cylinder 100 through the water container 201. The bottom of the water container 201 has a funnel-shaped outlet for collecting rainwater. The collecting funnel 202 is fixed to the support body 600 via the connecting seat 601 and is located below the funnel-shaped outlet of the water container 201. It is used to collect rainwater collected by the water container 201. The bottom of the collecting funnel 202 has a first confluence outlet. The inner diameter of the first confluence outlet is smaller than the inner diameter of the funnel-shaped outlet, which is used to initially buffer the rainwater flow. A filter screen 2012 is detachably installed inside the water container 201, and a filter plate 2021 is detachably installed inside the collecting funnel 202 for primary and secondary filtration of rainwater.

[0025] The support body 600 is provided with a first mounting plate 602 for mounting a first-range tipping bucket assembly 300 and a second mounting plate 604 for mounting a second-range tipping bucket assembly 400, wherein, as shown... Figure 4 As shown, the first-range tipping bucket assembly 300 includes a first-range tipping bucket 301, a water-collecting tipping bucket 302, and a collecting funnel 303 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The first-range tipping bucket 301 and the water-collecting tipping bucket 302 are mounted above the first mounting plate 602 via a first rotating seat 603, and the collecting funnel 303 is detachably mounted below the first mounting plate 602 via bolts. Figure 7 As shown, the first-range tipping bucket 301 is divided into two equal first working chambers, left and right, by the first baffle 3011. The middle part is rotatably connected to the first rotating seat 603 via the first rotating shaft 3013. Figure 8 As shown, the middle part of the water collection tipping bucket 302 is rotatably connected to the rotating seat via the second rotating shaft 3024, and the two ends of the water collection tipping bucket 302 have water collection hoppers 3021 corresponding to the first working chamber. The bottom of the water collection hopper 3021 is provided with a water collection guide 3022, and the first mounting plate 602 is provided with a water collection inlet corresponding to the water collection guide 3022. After collecting rainwater of the first range capacity in any of the first working chambers of the first range tipping bucket 301, it flips over, and the rainwater flows from the first working chamber into the corresponding water collection hopper 3021. The water collection tipping bucket 302 flips over, and the rainwater enters the water collection inlet from the water collection guide 3022 and is collected in the collection funnel 303, and then transports the rainwater to the second range tipping bucket assembly 400.

[0026] like Figure 5As shown, the second-range tipping bucket assembly 400 includes a second-range tipping bucket 401 and a drainage funnel 402. The second-range tipping bucket 401 is mounted above the second mounting plate 604 via a second rotating seat 605, and the drainage funnel is detachably mounted below the second mounting plate 604 via bolts. Figure 9 As shown, the second-range tipping bucket 401 is divided into two equal second working chambers by the second baffle 4011. The middle part is rotatably connected to the second rotating seat 605 via the third rotating shaft 4013. The second mounting plate 604 is provided with a drainage inlet corresponding to the second working chamber. After collecting rainwater of the second-range capacity in any of the second working chambers of the second-range tipping bucket 401, it flips over. The rainwater flows from the second working chamber into the drainage inlet and is collected in the drainage funnel 402 before being discharged from the outer cylinder 100.

[0027] To prevent rainwater from splashing out when the first-range tipping bucket 301 and the second-range tipping bucket 401 are tilted, the outer side of the water collection bucket 3021 has a water collection chamber surrounded by a baffle plate 3023. A first water collection tank 403 is fixed above the drainage inlet. The first water collection tank 403 has an oblique opening on the side facing the second-range tipping bucket 401. The oblique opening has a space to allow the second-range tipping bucket 401 to tilt. To ensure the water guiding effect of the water collection bucket 3021, the inner surface of the water collection bucket 3021 has a flow collection groove (not shown in the figure). The flow collection groove has a bottom structure that slopes downward toward the water collection inlet 3022.

[0028] The water collecting tipping bucket 302 has a first protrusion 3025 in the middle, and a first magnet 3026 is installed inside the first protrusion 3025. A first sensing element 3027 is installed on the support body 600. The first sensing element 3027 and the first magnet 3026 cooperate to perform a first range counting. The second range tipping bucket 401 has a second protrusion 4012 in the middle, and a second magnet 4014 is installed inside the second protrusion 4012. A second sensing element 4015 is installed on the support body 600. The second sensing element 4015 and the second magnet 4014 cooperate to perform a second range counting. In this scheme, the first sensing element 3027 and the second sensing element 4015 are both reed switches. Their installation positions are located on the central axis plane where the central axis of the water collecting tipping bucket 302 and the second range tipping bucket 401 are located. Every time the water collecting tipping bucket 302 / second range tipping bucket 401 flips, the corresponding reed switch will have an on signal converted to an off signal, forming one count.

[0029] The first-range tipping bucket assembly 300 also includes a first limiting component 304 and a second limiting component 305. The first limiting component 304 is used to adjust the tipping angle of the first-range tipping bucket 301 when it is tipped over, and the second limiting component 305 is used to adjust the tipping angle of the water collecting tipping bucket 302 when it is tipped over, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the first-range tipping bucket assembly 300 in counting at the first-range capacity. Specifically, the first-range tipping bucket 301 has a third protrusion 3012 in the middle. There are two first limiting components 304, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the third protrusion 3012. Each first limiting component 304 includes a first fixing nut and a first adjusting screw. The first fixing nut is fixed on the support body 600, and the first adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the first fixing nut. The ends of the two first adjusting screws are arranged opposite each other in the horizontal direction, and can be screwed in or out. The first adjusting screws are used to adjust the movement gap of the third protrusion 3012 between the two first adjusting screws, thereby adjusting the tilting angle of the first measuring bucket 301. There are two second limiting components 305, which are symmetrically arranged below the water collecting bucket 3021 with the axis of the second rotating shaft 3024. Each second limiting component 305 includes a second fixing nut and a second adjusting screw. The second fixing nut is fixed on the first mounting plate 602, and the first mounting plate 602 has a through hole that communicates with the second fixing nut. The second adjusting screw is threadedly connected to the second fixing nut. The upper end of the second adjusting screw has a protruding limiting that abuts against the bottom of the water collecting bucket 3021. By screwing in or out the second adjusting screw, the movement gap of the water collecting buckets 3021 at both ends of the water collecting bucket 3021 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the tilting angle of the water collecting bucket 302.

[0030] The second-range tipping bucket assembly 400 includes a third-range limiting component 404 with the same structure as the first limiting component 304. The third-range limiting components 404 are arranged in pairs on both sides of the second protrusion 4012. By changing the movement gap between the two adjusting screws of the second protrusion 4012 and the third-range limiting component 404, the tipping angle of the second-range tipping bucket 401 can be adjusted.

[0031] Further preferably, the inner walls of the first-range tipping bucket 301 and the second-range tipping bucket 401 are coated with a nano self-cleaning layer, specifically a silicon dioxide nano coating, so that the inner wall of the tipping bucket forms a superhydrophobic surface, thereby ensuring that rainwater can be completely discharged from the corresponding working chamber when the tipping bucket is tilted, without adhesion, thus improving the accuracy of measurement.

[0032] like Figure 6As shown, this rain gauge also includes a buffer tipping bucket assembly 500, which is located between the rainwater collection assembly 200 and the first-range tipping bucket assembly 300. The buffer tipping bucket assembly 500 buffers the rainwater collected by the rainwater collection assembly 200, ensuring that natural rainfall of varying intensities is continuously and evenly injected into the first-range tipping bucket assembly 300. Specifically, the buffer tipping bucket assembly 500 includes a buffer tipping bucket 501 and a water collection funnel 502. The buffer tipping bucket 501 is mounted above the third mounting plate 606 via a third rotating seat 607, and the water collection funnel 502 is detachably mounted below the third mounting plate 606 via bolts. The buffer tipping bucket 501 is divided into left and right equal sections by a third baffle 5011. The third working chamber contains a buffer tipping bucket 501 rotatably connected to a third rotating seat 607 via a fourth rotating shaft. A water inlet corresponding to the third working chamber is provided on the third mounting plate 606. The capacity of the buffer tipping bucket 501 for tipping is the same as that of the first capacity tipping bucket 301. Therefore, after collecting rainwater of the first capacity in any of the third working chambers of the buffer tipping bucket 501, it is tipped over. The rainwater flows from the third working chamber into the water inlet and collects in the water collection funnel 502. The bottom of the water collection funnel 502 has a second confluence outlet. After passing through the buffer transition in the water collection funnel 502, the rainwater flows through the second confluence outlet to the first capacity tipping bucket 301 for rainwater metering.

[0033] Similarly, to prevent rainwater from splashing when it flows from the buffer tipping bucket 501 into the water collection funnel 502, a second water collection tank 503 is fixed above the water inlet. The second water collection tank 503 has an oblique cut on the side facing the buffer tipping bucket 501, and the oblique cut has a space to allow the buffer tipping bucket 501 to rotate. In particular, the side opening of the buffer tipping bucket 501 is provided with an inverted triangular confluence port, so that rainwater can be collected and flowed when it flows down along the confluence port.

[0034] The buffer tipping bucket assembly 500 also includes a fourth limiting component 504, which is used to limit the tipping angle of the buffer tipping bucket 501 when it is tipped. Its structure is the same as that of the first limiting component 304. A fourth protrusion is fixed in the middle of the buffer tipping bucket 501. The fourth limiting components 504 are arranged in pairs on both sides of the fourth protrusion. The tipping angle of the buffer tipping bucket 501 can be adjusted by changing the movement gap of the fourth protrusion in the two adjusting screws of the fourth limiting component 504.

[0035] In addition, such as Figure 2As shown, a cylinder base 800 can be detachably installed at the bottom of the outer cylinder 100. The entire support body 600 is installed on the cylinder base 800. Specifically, the second mounting plate 604 of the support body 600 is fixedly connected to the cylinder base 800. The drainage funnel 402 extends downward through the cylinder base 800. A seat plate 801 is provided along the circumferential direction on the outer edge of the cylinder base 800. Each seat plate 801 is provided with a support foot 802. The support foot 802 is a threaded fastener. The threaded fastener is screwed onto the seat plate 801 and can be adjusted up and down. Specifically, there are 3 seat plates 801, which are arranged at a 120° angle between each other. A level 803 is also provided on the base. By adjusting the height of each support foot 802, the bubble of the level 803 is centered, thereby completing the installation and leveling work of this rain gauge.

[0036] When this rain gauge performs measurement, rainwater enters the collection funnel 202 from the water container 201 for initial buffering and collection. After being flipped by the buffer tipping bucket 501, it enters the water collection funnel 502 for secondary buffering and collection. Rainwater then flows from the second confluence outlet of the water collection funnel 502 into any of the first working chambers of the first-range tipping bucket 301, reaching the first-range capacity (i.e., 0.1 ml). The first-range tipping bucket 301 then flips, and rainwater enters the corresponding water collection bucket 3021, causing the water collection tipping bucket 302 to flip as well. The reed switch of the first sensing element 3027 generates a switching signal, forming the first count. Rainwater in the collection funnel... Rainwater collected in container 303 flows into any of the second working chambers of the second-range tipping bucket 401. During this process, as the tipping bucket 302 flips, the first count accumulates. When the rainwater in the second working chamber reaches the second-range capacity (i.e., 0.5 ml), the second-range tipping bucket 401 flips, and the reed switch of the second sensing element 4015 generates a switching signal, forming a second count. The counting module 700 resets the first count, and the first count starts counting again. This process is repeated until the cumulative value N2 of the second count and the cumulative value N1 of the first count are obtained. The weight of the rainwater is H. (Formula 1); It should be noted that by resetting the first count to zero, the device can automatically select the range regardless of the rainfall amount. That is, when the rainfall is small, the first count will not be reset to zero. N2 is 0 when the bucket flipping is not triggered. Therefore, only the count of N1 is needed to determine the rainfall. Similarly, when the rainfall is large, N1 will be repeatedly reset to zero, which can avoid interference from N2 or N1 data, greatly improve the accuracy of rainfall calculation, and at the same time, it eliminates the need for employees to select the range, reducing manual labor and avoiding errors caused by manual range selection.

[0037] The following examples illustrate this.

[0038] Suppose that during a continuous monitoring process, the following events and count changes were recorded. Time is in seconds, starting from... start: The bucket flips over by 0.1mm for the first time. At this time, N1=1 and N2=0.

[0039] The bucket flips over for the second time by 0.1mm. At this point, N1=2 and N2=0.

[0040] The bucket flips for the third time by 0.1mm. At this point, N1=3 and N2=0.

[0041] The bucket flips for the fourth time by 0.1mm. At this point, N1=4 and N2=0.

[0042] The bucket flips for the fifth time by 0.1mm. At this point, N1=5 and N2=0.

[0043] Immediately afterwards, the 0.5mm tipping bucket rotates. At this point, N2 is detected to change from 0 to 1, and N1 is simultaneously set from 5 to 0. At this point, N1=0 and N2=1.

[0044] The sixth 0.1mm tipping action (this is the first after the 0.5mm tipping action). At this time, N1=1, N2=1. If in If the target rainfall amount is calculated once, then mm, and so on.

[0045] Example 2 The difference from Example 1 is that, as Figure 10 As shown, to facilitate the installation of the collecting funnel 202, a limiting block 2022 is provided on the outer wall of the funnel opening of the collecting funnel 202. The connecting seat 601 has an installation sleeve 6011 on the side near the collecting funnel 202. The inner wall of the installation sleeve 6011 has a vertical slot 6012 and an annular groove 6013 communicating with the bottom of the slot 6012. The annular groove 6013 is circumferentially opened along the inner wall of the installation sleeve 6011 and extends away from the slot 6012. During installation, the limiting block 2022 is first inserted into the slot 6012. When it reaches the bottom of the slot 6012, the collecting funnel 202 is rotated, causing the limiting block 2022 to slide along the annular groove 6013, thus fixing the collecting funnel 202. The annular groove 6013 and the limiting block 2022 are interference-fitted.

[0046] Example 3 The difference from Example 1 is that, as Figure 11As shown, the buffer tipping bucket 501 is provided with a guide slope 5012, and a guide groove 5013 is opened on the surface of the guide slope 5012. The side of the guide slope 5012 near the buffer tipping bucket 501 is lower than the other side. On the one hand, the guide slope 5012 and the guide groove 5013 can further buffer the rainwater. On the other hand, since one end of the guide slope 5012 is higher than the other end, the rainwater can fall into the water collection funnel 502 more quickly.

[0047] Example 4 The difference from Example 1 is that, as Figure 12 As shown, the inner wall of the collection funnel 202 is also provided with a buffer slope 2023. Multiple buffer slopes 2023 are provided. When rainwater falls into the collection funnel, the buffer slope 2023 can initially buffer the rainwater and reduce the impact of the rainwater falling into the buffer tipping bucket 501.

[0048] Example 5 This application also provides a method for controlling a wide-area, high-precision rainfall measurement device, including: Step S11: Obtain the first count value of the first range tipping bucket corresponding to the first rainfall amount in the first time period, and obtain the second count value of the second range tipping bucket corresponding to the second rainfall amount in the first time period, wherein the second rainfall amount is greater than the first rainfall amount, wherein the second rainfall amount is 0.5ml, and the first rainfall amount is the aforementioned 0.1ml; Step S12: Determine whether the second count value of the second range tipping bucket has increased during the first time period; Step S13: In response to the increment of the second count value, the first count value of the first range tipping bucket is reset to zero and recounted; Step S14: Determine the target rainfall amount based on the first count value and the second count value after recounting.

[0049] In this embodiment, when calculating rainfall, the first and second range tipping buckets are counted simultaneously. When the second range tipping bucket completes a second count, the first count of the first range tipping bucket is reset to zero. Otherwise, the first range tipping bucket continues to count. Finally, the rainfall is calculated based on the first and second count values ​​(i.e., the aforementioned formula 1).

[0050] Example 6 In an optional embodiment, to further improve the accuracy of rainfall calculation, the method further includes: Step S15: Obtain the flipping time sequence corresponding to the multiple flips of the first range tipping bucket; Step S16: Based on the flipping time series, determine the occurrence rate of a series of events of the first range tipping bucket; Step S17: Based on the occurrence rate of the series of events, determine the dynamic calibration coefficient for correcting the target rainfall using a preset measurement event response spectrum model; Step S18: Correct the target rainfall amount using the dynamic calibration coefficient to obtain the final rainfall amount.

[0051] In this embodiment, to achieve depth calibration beyond simple counting, a time dimension is introduced in this step. The processing module not only records the number of times the first-range tipping bucket flips, but also precisely records the timestamp of each flipping event. These timestamps constitute a flipping time series. ,in It is the absolute or relative time of the i-th flip.

[0052] Obtaining this time series is fundamental to all subsequent dynamic analysis. The precision of the timestamps is crucial to the analysis results; therefore, the system typically uses a time resolution at the millisecond (ms) level. This timestamp information is stored in the memory of the processing module, forming a dynamically updated queue or list.

[0053] After obtaining the flipped time series, the core task of the processing module is to calculate the event occurrence rate. The event occurrence rate is a key indicator characterizing the instantaneous changes in rainfall intensity. In this embodiment, a series of instantaneous event occurrence rates... It is calculated. Among them, the occurrence rate of the (i-1)th instantaneous event. It is determined based on the time interval between the i-th flip and the (i-1)-th flip, and the specific calculation formula is as follows: The physical meaning of this value is the number of flips per unit time, and its dimension is... (e.g., Hz or times / second). A high event rate corresponds to a short overturn interval, indicating a large instantaneous rainfall intensity; conversely, a low event rate corresponds to light rain or intermittent rainfall.

[0054] Through this step, the original, discrete reversal events are transformed into a continuous, quantified sequence of event occurrences. This sequence contains far more information than the original counts; it not only reflects the total amount of rainfall but, more importantly, depicts the "morphology" and "rhythm" of the rainfall process. For example, a rapid, high-occurrence sequence of events may be associated with showers or heavy rain, while a sparse, low-occurrence sequence corresponds to drizzle. More importantly, atypical reversals caused by physical disturbances (such as gusts) will appear in this event occurrence sequence as anomalous, isolated peaks or irregular fluctuations, which facilitates subsequent identification and calibration.

[0055] For example, continuing with the example in S100, we supplement it with millisecond-level timestamp information. Assume the obtained flipped time series... (Unit: seconds) is: (Note that only the 0.1mm tipping bucket overturning event timestamp from the previous example is used here.) The processing module will calculate the event occurrence rate sequence based on this sequence. : The final generated event occurrence rate sequence is This sequence clearly demonstrates the dynamic process of rainfall intensity first increasing and then decreasing. If any of these reversals were caused by gusts, for example... and A fake flip event is suddenly inserted between them. Then the calculated and It will be and This unusually high 1.9 Hz value became a identifiable signal of "nonlinear measurement disturbance".

[0056] Next: Dynamic calibration is performed using a measurement event response spectrum model.

[0057] In this step, the system no longer treats all 0.1mm flip events equally, but introduces a complex measurement event response spectrum model to analyze the event occurrence sequence generated by S200. The analysis and interpretation are performed, and a dynamic calibration coefficient is ultimately generated to correct the target rainfall calculated in S100. .

[0058] This event response spectrum model is essentially a predefined or learned function or set of rules. It takes the event occurrence rate as input. Mapped to a corresponding calibration factor The core idea of ​​this model is that different event occurrence rate intervals correspond to different physical processes and signal credibility. Therefore, the model is internally divided into at least two types of intervals: valid response intervals and invalid response intervals.

[0059] The Effective Response Interval covers the range of event occurrence rates considered representative of a true, stable rainfall event. Event occurrence rates falling within this interval indicate that the corresponding bucket overturning was effective and reliable. Therefore, calibration factors are assigned to these events. It is usually close to 1.0, or slightly greater than 1.0 (to compensate for possible minor losses under high rainfall intensity).

[0060] The Invalid Response Interval covers the range of event occurrence rates considered to represent nonlinear measurement disturbances (i.e., noise). For example, an extremely low occurrence rate (close to 0) might correspond to electronic noise from the instrument itself or spurious signals from sensor drift; while an extremely high occurrence rate (far exceeding physical possibility) might correspond to false flips caused by gusts of wind, severe vibration, or water splashes. Events falling into this interval have very low reliability. Therefore, the calibration factors assigned to these events... This will be a value with a strong inhibitory effect, such as being much less than 1.0, or even 0.

[0061] In the specific implementation, the processing module will process the event occurrence rate sequence. Each value in Perform a matching operation to determine which interval it falls into, and then query or calculate the corresponding calibration factor accordingly. After processing the entire sequence, the system will obtain a calibration factor sequence. .

[0062] Subsequently, the processing module needs to aggregate this calibration factor sequence to generate a single dynamic calibration coefficient that applies throughout the entire measurement cycle. There are many ways to aggregate data, for example: Average method: , where m is the length of the sequence.

[0063] Weighted average method: Different weights can be assigned to different calibration factors based on the occurrence rate of events or other indicators.

[0064] Product method: That is, geometric mean.

[0065] In this embodiment, the averaging method is preferred.

[0066] Finally, the generated dynamic calibration coefficients are used The target rainfall amount obtained in S100 Make corrections to obtain the final, deeply calibrated rainfall amount. : This final result Because it eliminates or suppresses the effects of nonlinear disturbances, its accuracy and reliability are compared to... It will be significantly improved.

[0067] For example, suppose the preset measurement event response spectrum model is defined as follows: Invalid response range 1 (too low): The corresponding calibration factor This range is used to suppress extremely low-frequency noise such as the flipping of residual water droplets after evaporation due to disturbance.

[0068] Valid response range: The corresponding calibration factor This range represents the normal rainfall range, from drizzle to torrential rain.

[0069] Invalid response range 2 (too high): The corresponding calibration factor This range is used to suppress physically impossible ultra-high frequency flips caused by severe instrument vibration or direct splashing of water droplets into the tipping bucket.

[0070] After completing the above construction, this model can be applied to process the event occurrence rate sequence generated in S200. .

[0071] If the response falls within the effective response range, a calibration factor is assigned. .

[0072] If the response falls within the effective response range, a calibration factor is assigned. .

[0073] If the response falls within the effective response range, a calibration factor is assigned. .

[0074] If the response falls within the effective response range, a calibration factor is assigned. .

[0075] If the response falls within the effective response range, a calibration factor is assigned. The generated calibration factor sequence is The dynamic calibration coefficients were obtained by averaging polymerization. Assuming the result calculated in S100 The final rainfall In this example, since all events are considered valid, the calibration factor is 1.

[0076] Now consider an example that includes a perturbation. Suppose the sequence is... .

[0077] It falls within the effective response range. (Here it is assumed that 1.9Hz is still within the effective range).

[0078] Now, assuming a more refined model, the invalid interval is defined as... ,but It falls within the invalid interval. .

[0079] The new calibration factor sequence is .

[0080] Aggregation .

[0081] Final rainfall This result effectively suppressed the exaggerated effect of the abnormally high frequency event, making the measurement results closer to the true value.

[0082] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A wide-area, high-precision rainfall measurement device, characterized in that, include: The first-range tipping bucket is used to perform the first-range counting, and the first count is generated when the first-range tipping bucket is flipped. The second-range tipping bucket is located below the first-range tipping bucket, and the second-range tipping bucket is used for second-range counting. A second count is generated when the second-range tipping bucket flips over; The counting module is used to store the counting data; When calculating rainfall, the first-range tipping bucket and the second-range tipping bucket count simultaneously. When the second-range tipping bucket completes a second count, the first count of the first-range tipping bucket is reset to zero; otherwise, the first-range tipping bucket continues to count.

2. The wide-area high-precision rainfall measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner walls of the first and second measuring range tipping buckets are coated with a nano self-cleaning layer.

3. The wide-area high-precision rainfall measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a buffer tipping bucket, which is located above the first-range tipping bucket, and rainwater is buffered by the buffer tipping bucket before falling into the first-range tipping bucket.

4. The wide-area high-precision rainfall measurement device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The side opening of the buffer tipping bucket is equipped with a confluence port.

5. The wide-area high-precision rainfall measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A water collection hopper is provided below the first measuring bucket, and a flow collection trough is provided inside the water collection hopper.

6. The wide-area high-precision rainfall measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a connecting seat and a collecting funnel. The collecting funnel is located above the buffer funnel. A limiting block is fixed on the outer wall of the funnel opening of the collecting funnel. The connecting seat has an installation sleeve on the side near the collecting funnel. The inner wall of the installation sleeve has a vertical slot and an annular groove that communicates with the bottom of the slot. After the limiting block is inserted into the slot, the collecting funnel is rotated to fix the collecting funnel.

7. The wide-area high-precision rainfall measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A water collection bucket is provided below the first measuring bucket, and a water collection inlet is provided at the end of the water collection bucket. When the first measuring bucket is flipped, rainwater enters the water collection bucket, and when the water collection bucket is flipped, the rainwater flows to the second measuring bucket through the water collection inlet.

8. The wide-area high-precision rainfall measurement device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The water collection tipping bucket is provided with at least two water collection buckets, and a baffle plate is provided on the opposite side of the water collection buckets.

9. A control method for a wide-area, high-precision rainfall measurement device, characterized in that, The wide-area high-precision rainfall measurement device applied to any one of claims 1-8 includes: When calculating rainfall, the first-range tipping bucket and the second-range tipping bucket count simultaneously. When the second-range tipping bucket completes a second count, the first count of the first-range tipping bucket is reset to zero; otherwise, the first-range tipping bucket continues to count.

10. The wide-area high-precision rainfall measurement device control method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the flipping time sequence corresponding to multiple flips of the first range tipping bucket; Based on the flipping time series, determine the occurrence rate of a series of events related to the first range bucket tipping; Based on the occurrence rate of the aforementioned series of events, a dynamic calibration coefficient for correcting the target rainfall is determined using a preset measurement event response spectrum model. The target rainfall amount is corrected using the dynamic calibration coefficient to obtain the final rainfall amount.

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