Industrial heat exchange process operation optimization control physical experiment device and method

Abstract

The invention provides an industrial heat exchange process operation optimization control physical experiment device and method, and relates to the technical field of process industry automatic control. The device comprises a controlled object unit which is set as a controlled object for performing an operation optimization control experiment; the process control unit detects process parameters of a controlled object in real time, receives a set value instruction from the operation control unit, and adjusts a control instruction to realize basic loop control of the controlled object; and the operation control unit reads and records industrial heat exchange process data from the process control unit, carries out a specific optimization algorithm according to an optimization target required by an experiment, calculates and adjusts a set value controlled by a basic loop of a controlled object so as to realize optimization of operation indexes. According to the method, based on the experimental device, three basic loop controllers are constructed, operation indexes, decision variables and control problems of operation optimization of a controlled object are defined, and experimental research of operation index optimization is carried out.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of automatic control technology of process industry, and in particular to a physical experiment device and method for operation optimization control of industrial heat exchange process. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process industry, the basic loop control of the controlled variables such as flow, temperature, pressure and liquid level in the production process is realized by using computer control systems such as DCS / PLC, which is the basic requirement of automation. Operation optimization control refers to how to realize the optimization control of the operation indexes such as quality, efficiency and energy consumption of the product in the processing process on the basis of realizing the basic loop control of the controlled variables, that is, how to adjust the set value of the basic control loop of the DCS / PLC control system according to the changes of the production boundary conditions and the operation conditions, so as to realize the optimization of the operation indexes.

[0003] Operation optimization control is one of the research hotspots in the field of process industry automation in recent years, and there are quite a lot of literatures on the theoretical research and industrial application research of various operation optimization control related algorithms. Since the process industry is relatively dangerous, the direct application research of advanced control methods in the industrial production site inevitably faces considerable risks, so it is urgent to connect the bridge between theoretical research and industrial application research, that is, the operation optimization control experiment device, to effectively support the experimental research of related advanced control algorithms and technologies, so as to verify the effectiveness, feasibility and safety of the operation optimization algorithm through experiments in the low-risk laboratory environment. In addition, operation optimization control is also the teaching content of the frontiers of automation, so the experiment device of operation optimization control is also one of the teaching experiment needs of automation technology.

[0004] There are two ways to carry out operation optimization control experiments in the laboratory environment, one is simulation experiment based on the model of the controlled object, and the other is physical experiment based on real industrial process. The simulation experiment mainly depends on the mathematical model of the controlled industrial process, including the control layer model and the operation layer model, and the accuracy of the mathematical model directly affects the credibility of the experiment. Most industrial processes in the process industry have the characteristics of unclear mechanism, complex influencing factors and difficult modeling, so compared with simulation experiment, physical experiment has special advantages. At present, there are only a few literatures on the physical experiment device related to operation optimization control, and the types of specific industrial processes involved are few. SUMMARY

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to solve the problems of the prior art, that is, to provide a physical experiment device and method for operation optimization control of industrial heat exchange process, to solve the problem that the existing operation optimization control experiment device has insufficient types of physical controlled objects, and to effectively carry out experiments and teaching of operation optimization control related algorithms, and to realize the operation optimization control of the controlled object.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is: In one aspect, the present application provides an industrial heat exchange process operation optimization control physical experiment device, comprising a controlled object unit, a process control unit and an operation control unit; The controlled object unit is set to be the controlled object for operation optimization control experiment, comprising a hot water loop, a cold water loop and a heat exchange device; the hot water loop provides heating medium for the heat exchange device by heating, and the heat exchange device exchanges heat with the cold water of the cold water loop by the heat source provided by the hot water loop; during the entire operation of the controlled object, the water flow of the hot water loop after heating is regarded as the heating medium for heating the water flow of the cold water loop, and the water flow of the cold water loop at the cold water outlet of the heat exchange device is regarded as the product meeting the quality requirements; The process control unit detects the process parameters of the controlled object in real time, receives the set value instruction from the operation control unit, and realizes the basic loop control of the temperature and liquid level of the controlled object by adjusting the control instruction; in addition, the process control unit also has the function of realizing the start-stop control of the devices used in the hot water loop and the cold water loop; The main body of the operation control unit is an operation control computer, which is connected to the process control unit through a network; the operation optimization control software is executed on the operation control computer; the operation optimization control software reads and records the industrial heat exchange process data from the process control unit, carries out specific optimization algorithm calculation according to the optimization target required by the experiment, and adjusts the set value of the basic loop control of the temperature and liquid level to realize the optimization of the operation index.

[0007] Further, the hot water loop comprises a water storage tank A, a water pump A, a heating device and corresponding pipelines; the water outlet of the water storage tank A is connected to the input end of the water pump A through the pipelines; the output end of the water pump A is connected to the top water inlet of the heating device through the pipelines; the heating device has both electric heating and water storage functions; an electric heater is installed at the bottom of the heating device, which is used to heat the water injected into the heating device through the water pump A; the water outlet at the bottom of the heating device is connected to the hot water inlet of the heat exchange device through the pipelines; the water flow from the hot water outlet of the heat exchange device returns to the water storage tank A through the pipelines.

[0008] Further, the cold water loop comprises a water storage tank B, a water pump B and corresponding pipelines; the water outlet of the water storage tank B is connected to the input end of the water pump B through the pipelines; the output end of the water pump B is connected to the cold water inlet of the heat exchange device through the pipelines; the water flow from the cold water outlet of the heat exchange device returns to the water storage tank B through the pipelines.

[0009] Further, the heat exchange device has a hot water inlet, a hot water outlet, a cold water inlet and a cold water outlet, and the hot water loop water flow and the cold water loop water flow exchange heat in the heat exchange device without material contact and material exchange.

[0010] Further, the installation position of the heating device is higher than the installation position of the heat exchange device, and the installation position of the heat exchange device is higher than the installation position of the water storage tank A and the water storage tank B, so as to ensure that the hot water loop water flow can flow back to the water storage tank A from the heating device via the heat exchange device by gravity, and the cold water loop water flow can flow back to the water storage tank B from the heat exchange device by gravity.

[0011] Further, the process control unit comprises an actuator, a detection instrument and a process control system; the process control system is used to send control instructions to the actuator; the actuator receives the control instructions from the process control system to drive the water pump A, the water pump B and the electric heater; the detection instrument is used to measure the instantaneous water flow of the water pump A, the water pump B and the outlet pipeline, the instantaneous liquid level of the water stored in the heating device, the temperature of the hot water in the heating device and the temperature of the cold water outlet of the heat exchange device, and the motor power of the water pump A, the motor power of the water pump B and the power of the electric heater; the detection instrument is connected to the process control system to send the detected process parameters to the process control system; the process control system receives the temperature, flow, liquid level and power signals from the detection instrument, constructs a temperature and liquid level basic loop controller, and makes the controlled variables of each basic loop controller track their set values by sending corresponding control instructions to the actuator.

[0012] Further, the actuator comprises a water pump A frequency converter, a water pump B frequency converter and an electric heater pressure regulating module; the water pump A frequency converter and the water pump B frequency converter respectively receive frequency instructions from the process control system to drive the water pump A and the water pump B, and convert the frequency instructions into the rotating speed of the water pump A and the water pump B, so as to adjust the water flow of the water pump A and the water pump B; the electric heater pressure regulating module receives heating instructions from the process control system to drive the electric heater, and adjusts the heating intensity of the electric heater according to the heating instructions.

[0013] Further, the detection instrument includes flow meter A, flow meter B, liquid level meter, temperature meter A, temperature meter B, water pump A power meter, water pump B power meter and electric heater power meter, the flow meter A is installed on the water pump A outlet pipeline for measuring the instantaneous water flow of the water pump A outlet pipeline, the flow meter B is installed on the water pump B outlet pipeline for measuring the instantaneous water flow of the water pump B outlet pipeline, the liquid level meter is installed in the heating device for measuring the instantaneous liquid level of the water stored in the heating device, the temperature meter A is installed in the heating device near the water outlet at the bottom of the heating device for measuring the hot water temperature in the heating device, the temperature meter B is installed at the cold water outlet of the heat exchange device for measuring the temperature of the cold water outlet of the heat exchange device, the water pump A power meter, the water pump B power meter and the electric heater power meter are connected with the motor of the water pump A, the motor of the water pump B and the electric heater respectively for measuring the power of the water pump A, the power of the water pump B and the power of the electric heater; all the detection instruments are connected to the process control system through hard-wired signals or through field bus signals, and the detected process parameters are sent to the process control system.

[0014] In another aspect, a physical experiment method for optimizing the operation of an industrial heat exchange process comprises the following steps: Step 1: in the process control system, three basic loop controllers are constructed, including a heating device temperature controller, a heating device liquid level controller and a heat exchange device cold water outlet temperature controller; The controlled variable of the heating device temperature controller is the temperature of the hot water generated in the heating device measured by the temperature meter A, and the control variable is the heating instruction of the electric heater pressure regulating module. The controlled variable of the heating device liquid level controller is the liquid level of the water in the heating device measured by the liquid level meter, and the control variable is the frequency instruction of the water pump A frequency converter. The controlled variable of the heat exchange device cold water outlet temperature controller is the temperature of the cold water outlet of the heat exchange device measured by the temperature meter B, and the control variable is the frequency instruction of the water pump B frequency converter. Step 2: define the operation index of the controlled object operation optimization, including the energy consumption index, the yield index, the heating medium consumption index and the comprehensive index. The energy consumption index = water pump A power + water pump B power + electric heater power. The yield index = the instantaneous flow of the water pump B outlet pipeline measured by the flow meter B. The heating medium consumption index = the instantaneous flow of the water pump A outlet pipeline measured by the flow meter A. The comprehensive index is the weighted index of any two or three of the energy consumption index, the heating medium consumption index and the yield index. Step 3: define the decision variable of the controlled object operation optimization. The decision variables for defining the operation optimization of the controlled object include a heating device temperature controller set value and a heating device liquid level controller set value; Step 4: defining the operation optimization control problem of the controlled object; The operation optimization control problem of the controlled object is defined as: under the premise that the three basic loop controllers constructed in step 1 are put into closed-loop control and meet certain constraints, how to adjust the two decision variables described in step 3 so that the operation index described in step 2 is optimized; Step 5: starting the devices used by the hot water loop and the cold water loop in the controlled object unit through the process control unit, and putting the three basic loop controllers into automatic control mode, starting the operation optimization control software of the operation control unit containing a certain optimization algorithm when the water flow in the controlled object unit enters a steady state, adjusting the set values of the heating device temperature controller and the heating device liquid level controller on line according to the process data of the operation of the controlled object unit, and carrying out experimental research for realizing the optimization of the operation index.

[0015] The beneficial effects generated by the above technical solutions are that the industrial heat exchange process operation optimization control physical experiment device and method provided by the application can quantitatively calculate the operation index, so as to realize objective comparison and evaluation of the performance of various operation optimization control algorithms. The experiment device only needs to use conventional water as experimental material for circulation, has no pollution discharge, and has only electricity cost for operation cost, and does not involve pressure, so that the experimental safety is well guaranteed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The structure schematic diagram of the industrial heat exchange process operation optimization control physical experiment device provided by the embodiment of the application is shown in the figure. Figure 2 The control block diagrams of the three basic loop controllers in the process control system are shown in the figure, wherein (a) is the control block diagram of the heating device temperature controller, (b) is the control block diagram of the heating device liquid level controller, and (c) is the control block diagram of the heat exchange device cold water outlet temperature controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The specific embodiments of the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the application, but are not used to limit the scope of the application.

[0018] In the embodiment, an industrial heat exchange process operation optimization control physical experiment device, as shown in the figure, includes a controlled object unit, a process control unit and an operation control unit. Figure 1 ​The controlled object unit is set as the controlled object for the operation optimization control experiment, including a hot water loop, a cold water loop and a heat exchange device; the hot water loop provides a heating medium to the heat exchange device through heating, and the heat exchange device exchanges heat with the cold water in the cold water loop through the heat source provided by the hot water loop; In this embodiment, the hot water loop includes a water storage tank A, a water pump A, a heating device, and corresponding pipelines. The outlet of the water storage tank A is connected to the input end of the water pump A via a pipeline, and the output end of the water pump A is connected to the top inlet of the heating device via a pipeline. The heating device has both electric heating and water storage functions. An electric heater is installed at the bottom of the heating device to heat the water injected into the heating device via the water pump A. The bottom outlet of the heating device is connected to the hot water inlet of the heat exchange device via a pipeline, and the water flow returns from the hot water outlet of the heat exchange device to the water storage tank A via a pipeline.

[0019] The cold water loop includes a water storage tank B, a water pump B, and corresponding pipelines. The outlet of the water storage tank B is connected to the input end of the water pump B via a pipeline, and the output end of the water pump B is connected to the cold water inlet of the heat exchange device via a pipeline. The water flow returns from the cold water outlet of the heat exchange device to the water storage tank B via a pipeline.

[0020] The heat exchange device has a hot water inlet, a hot water outlet, a cold water inlet, and a cold water outlet. The hot water loop flow and the cold water loop flow exchange heat in the heat exchange device, but no material contact or material exchange occurs.

[0021] The installation position of the heating device should be higher than the installation position of the heat exchange device, and the installation position of the heat exchange device should be higher than the installation positions of the water storage tank A and the water storage tank B, so as to ensure that the hot water loop can flow from the heating device through the heat exchange device back to the water storage tank A by gravity, and the cold water loop can flow from the heat exchange device back to the water storage tank B by gravity.

[0022] Throughout the operation of the controlled object, the water flow in the hot water loop, heated by the electric heater, is considered as the heating medium used to heat the water flow in the cold water loop, while the water flow in the cold water loop at the cold water outlet of the heat exchanger is considered as a product that meets the quality requirements (reaches the expected temperature). The process control unit detects process parameters such as flow rate, liquid level, temperature and power of the controlled object in real time, receives set value instructions from the operation control unit, and realizes basic loop control of temperature and liquid level of the controlled object by adjusting control instructions (frequency converter frequency instructions and heating instructions). In addition, the process control unit also has the function of starting and stopping equipment used in hot water loop and cold water loop. In the embodiment, the process control unit comprises an actuator, a detection instrument and a process control system; the process control system is configured to send control instructions to the actuator; the actuator receives the control instructions from the process control system and drives the water pump A, the water pump B and the electric heater; the detection instrument is configured to measure the instantaneous water flow of the water pump A, the water pump B and the outlet pipeline, the instantaneous liquid level of the water stored in the heating device, the temperature of the hot water in the heating device, the temperature of the cold water outlet of the heat exchange device, the motor power of the water pump A, the motor power of the water pump B and the power of the electric heater; the detection instrument is connected to the process control system to send the detected process parameters to the process control system; the main body of the process control system can be but is not limited to a DCS, a PLC and an industrial computer; the process control system receives the temperature, flow, liquid level and power signals from the detection instrument, constructs a basic loop controller of the temperature and liquid level, and makes the controlled variables of each basic loop controller track their set values by sending corresponding control instructions to the actuator.

[0023] The actuator comprises a water pump A frequency converter, a water pump B frequency converter and an electric heater pressure regulating module; the water pump A frequency converter and the water pump B frequency converter respectively receive frequency instructions from the process control system, drive the water pump A and the water pump B, and convert the frequency instructions into the rotating speeds of the water pump A and the water pump B, so as to adjust the water flow of the water pump A and the water pump B; the electric heater pressure regulating module receives heating instructions from the process control system, drives the electric heater and adjusts the heating intensity of the electric heater according to the heating instructions.

[0024] The detection instrument comprises a flow meter A, a flow meter B, a liquid level meter, a temperature meter A, a temperature meter B, a water pump A power meter, a water pump B power meter and an electric heater power meter; the flow meter A is installed on the outlet pipeline of the water pump A and is configured to measure the instantaneous water flow of the outlet pipeline of the water pump A; the flow meter B is installed on the outlet pipeline of the water pump B and is configured to measure the instantaneous water flow of the outlet pipeline of the water pump B; the liquid level meter is installed in the heating device and is configured to measure the instantaneous liquid level of the water stored in the heating device; the temperature meter A is installed in the heating device and is configured to measure the temperature of the hot water in the heating device; the temperature meter B is installed at the cold water outlet of the heat exchange device and is configured to measure the temperature of the cold water outlet of the heat exchange device; the water pump A power meter, the water pump B power meter and the electric heater power meter are respectively connected to the motor of the water pump A, the motor of the water pump B and the electric heater and are configured to measure the power of the water pump A, the power of the water pump B and the power of the electric heater; all the detection instruments are connected to the process control system by hard-wired signals or by field bus signals to send the detected process parameters to the process control system.

[0025] The main body of the operation control unit is an operation control computer connected with the process control unit through a network, and an operation optimization control software is executed on the operation control computer, the operation optimization control software reads and records industrial heat exchange process data from the process control unit, and calculates and adjusts the set value of the basic loop control of the temperature and liquid level according to a specific optimization algorithm required by the experiment to achieve the optimization of the operation index.

[0026] In the embodiment, the controlled object unit is composed of a stainless steel heating tank with a diameter and height of F450*500mm, a 380V electric heater, a stainless steel convection heat exchanger with a diameter and length of F250*400mm, a water pump A, a water pump B, a stainless steel water storage tank A with a length, width and height of 800*550*400mm, a stainless steel water storage tank B with a length, width and height of 600*450*400mm and corresponding pipelines, and the above-mentioned devices are connected in a manner. Figure 1

[0027] The water pump A frequency converter and the water pump B frequency converter in the actuator both adopt Siemens frequency converters with a model of MICROMASTER 440, the electric heater pressure regulating module selects a model of LSA-TH3P, the thermometer adopts a Pt100 thermal resistance temperature sensor with a model of Pt100, the flow meter adopts a turbine flow meter with a model of LWGY-10(LW) / NI / 05 / S / S / N / N, the liquid level meter adopts a UCI-1 type magnetic float reverse liquid level meter, the power meter adopts an ABB Emax2 type general intelligent power meter (with 4-20mA output), the process control system adopts a Siemens S7-1500 series PLC control system and an engineer station, and the configuration of the basic loop controller and the operator monitoring software is realized by using the Siemens Bopu software.

[0028] The operation control unit of the embodiment adopts a general PC machine as an operation control computer, uses MATLAB software to program the operation optimization control software, uses an OPC protocol to realize the data interaction between the operation control computer and the Siemens S7-1500 PLC and the engineer station thereof, the operation optimization control software reads and records temperature, liquid level, flow, power and other process data from the Siemens S7-1500 PLC, calculates and adjusts the heating tank temperature control loop set value and the heating tank liquid level control loop set value according to the optimization algorithm required by the experiment to achieve the optimization of the operation index.

[0029] The industrial heat exchange process operation optimization control physical experiment method in the embodiment comprises the following steps: Step 1: in the process control system, three basic loop controllers are constructed, including a heating device temperature controller, a heating device liquid level controller and a heat exchange device cold water outlet temperature controller; ​The controlled variable of the heating device temperature controller is the hot water temperature generated inside the heating device measured by the thermometer A, and the control variable is the heating instruction of the electric heater pressure regulating module. The controlled variable of the heating device liquid level controller is the liquid level of the water in the heating device measured by the liquid level gauge, and the control variable is the frequency instruction of the water pump A frequency converter. The controlled variable of the heating device liquid level controller is the liquid level of the water in the heating device measured by the liquid level gauge, and the control variable is the frequency instruction of the water pump A frequency converter. Step 2: Define the operation index of the controlled object operation optimization, including energy consumption index, yield index, heating medium consumption index and comprehensive index. Among them, the energy consumption index = water pump A power + water pump B power + electric heater power; The yield index = the instantaneous flow rate of the water pump B outlet pipeline measured by the flow meter B; The heating medium consumption index = the instantaneous flow rate of the water pump A outlet pipeline measured by the flow meter A; The comprehensive index is the weighted index of any two or three of the energy consumption index, the heating medium consumption index and the yield index. Step 3: Define the decision variable of the controlled object operation optimization; The decision variable of the controlled object operation optimization includes the set value of the heating device temperature controller and the set value of the heating device liquid level controller. Step 4: Define the controlled object operation optimization control problem; The controlled object operation optimization control problem is defined as: under the premise that the three basic loop controllers constructed in step 1 are put into closed-loop control and meet certain constraints (for example, ensuring that the cold water outlet temperature of the heat exchange device meets the standard, and each operation index meets the upper and lower limit requirements), how to adjust the two decision variables in step 3 so that the operation index in step 2 is optimized (such as minimizing energy consumption, minimizing working medium consumption, and maximizing yield); Step 5: Start the devices (water pump A, water pump B and electric heater) used in the hot water loop and the cold water loop in the controlled object unit through the process control unit, and put the three basic loop controllers into automatic control mode. When the water flow in the controlled object unit enters a steady state, start the operation optimization control software with a specific optimization algorithm in the operation control unit, adjust the set values of the heating device temperature controller and the heating device liquid level controller according to the process data of the controlled object unit operation, and carry out experimental research to realize the optimization of the operation index.

[0030] In this embodiment, first, in the Siemens S7-1500 series PLC control system, Figure 2The heating tank temperature controller, the heating tank liquid level controller, and the heat exchange device cold water outlet temperature controller are shown. Each controller is selected from a PID controller, and the Z-N tuning method is used to tune the controller parameters, so that each basic loop controller has good tracking performance. Then, the energy consumption index is taken as the operation index to be optimized, and the energy consumption index = pump A frequency converter power + pump B frequency converter power + electric heater power. The yield index, i.e., the water flow rate of waterway B measured by flowmeter B, is taken as the interval constraint condition. The heating tank temperature controller set value and the heating tank liquid level controller set value are selected as decision variables. The operation optimization control problem is defined as follows: under the premise that the three basic loop controllers are put into closed-loop control and the heat exchange device cold water outlet temperature meets the standard, how to adjust the two decision variables, i.e., the heating tank temperature controller set value and the heating tank liquid level controller set value, so that the energy consumption index is as small as possible under the condition that the yield index meets the interval constraint. Finally, the operation optimization control physical experiment of the industrial heat exchange process is performed, and the single experiment process is as follows: Step S1: The experimental device is started. First, water tanks A and B are filled with water. Water pump A is manually started to inject a predetermined amount of water (working medium) into the heating tank, and then water pump A is stopped. The electric heater is manually turned on to heat the working medium to the required temperature. After confirming that the states of the devices in the experimental device are normal, water pump A, water pump B, and the electric heater are sequentially started. After manually adjusting the parameters of the actuators, the three basic loop controllers are put into automatic control mode. Step S2: Operation index optimization. After the three basic loop controllers reach the steady state, the operation optimization control software iteratively optimizes the operation index based on the energy consumption index using the intelligent optimization algorithm tested. The two decision variables, i.e., the heating tank temperature controller set value and the heating tank liquid level controller set value, are calculated and downloaded to the two basic loop controllers. Step S3: Optimization iteration. After the new set values are loaded, the process control system operation state is continuously monitored. After the three basic loop controllers reach the steady state again, the current energy consumption index can be calculated and compared with the last energy consumption index to evaluate the optimization effect of the last time. The two decision variables are iteratively optimized again, and the optimization-verification process is repeated until the desired optimization target is achieved.

[0031] Step S4: End of experiment. After the optimization experiment is completed, all devices are gradually shut down according to the safety regulations. The water in the heating tank, heat exchange device, and pipelines is drained, and the initial state of the experimental device is restored.

Claims

1. A physical experimental device for optimizing and controlling the operation of an industrial heat exchange process, characterized in that: The controlled object unit, the process control unit and the operation control unit are included; The controlled object unit is set as the controlled object for operation optimization control experiment, including a hot water loop, a cold water loop and a heat exchange device; the hot water loop provides heating medium for the heat exchange device by heating; the heat exchange device exchanges heat between the heat source provided by the hot water loop and the cold water of the cold water loop; During the whole operation of the controlled object, the heated water flow of the hot water loop is regarded as the heating medium for heating the water flow of the cold water loop, and the water flow of the cold water loop at the cold water outlet of the heat exchange device is regarded as the product meeting the quality requirements; The process control unit detects the process parameters of the controlled object in real time, receives the set value instruction from the operation control unit, and realizes the basic loop control of the temperature and liquid level of the controlled object by adjusting the control instruction; in addition, the process control unit also has the function of starting and stopping the control of the equipment used in the hot water loop and the cold water loop; The main body of the operation control unit is an operation control computer, which is connected with the process control unit through a network; the operation optimization control software is executed on the operation control computer; the operation optimization control software reads and records the industrial heat exchange process data from the process control unit, carries out specific optimization algorithm calculation according to the optimization target required by the experiment, and adjusts the set value of the basic loop control of the temperature and liquid level, so as to realize the optimization of the operation index.

2. The physical experimental device for optimizing and controlling industrial heat exchange process operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot water loop includes a water storage tank A, a water pump A, a heating device and corresponding pipelines; the water outlet of the water storage tank A is connected to the input end of the water pump A through the pipelines; the output end of the water pump A is connected to the top water inlet of the heating device through the pipelines; the heating device has the functions of electric heating and water storage; an electric heater is installed at the bottom of the heating device; the electric heater is used to heat the water injected into the heating device through the water pump A; the water outlet at the bottom of the heating device is connected to the hot water inlet of the heat exchange device through the pipelines; the water flow from the hot water outlet of the heat exchange device returns to the water storage tank A through the pipelines.

3. The physical experiment device for optimizing and controlling industrial heat exchange process operation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cold water loop includes a water storage tank B, a water pump B and corresponding pipelines; the water outlet of the water storage tank B is connected to the input end of the water pump B through the pipelines; the output end of the water pump B is connected to the cold water inlet of the heat exchange device through the pipelines; the water flow from the cold water outlet of the heat exchange device returns to the water storage tank B through the pipelines.

4. The physical experiment device for optimizing and controlling industrial heat exchange process operation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat exchange device has a hot water inlet, a hot water outlet, a cold water inlet and a cold water outlet; the water flow of the hot water loop and the water flow of the cold water loop exchange heat in the heat exchange device, but do not contact and exchange substances.

5. The physical experiment device for optimizing and controlling industrial heat exchange process operation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The installation position of the heating device is higher than the installation position of the heat exchange device, and the installation position of the heat exchange device is higher than the installation positions of the water storage tank A and the water storage tank B, so as to ensure that the water flow of the hot water loop can flow back to the water storage tank A from the heating device to the heat exchange device by gravity, and the water flow of the cold water loop can flow back to the water storage tank B from the heat exchange device by gravity.

6. The physical experimental device for optimizing and controlling industrial heat exchange process operation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The process control unit comprises an actuator, a detection instrument and a process control system; the process control system is used to send control instructions to the actuator; the actuator receives the control instructions from the process control system, drives the water pump A, the water pump B and the electric heater; the detection instrument is used to measure the instantaneous water flow of the water pump A, the water pump B and the outlet pipeline, the instantaneous liquid level of the water stored in the heating device, the temperature of the hot water in the heating device, the temperature of the cold water outlet of the heat exchange device and the motor power of the water pump A, the motor power of the water pump B and the power of the electric heater; the detection instrument is connected to the process control system to send the detected process parameters to the process control system; the process control system receives the temperature, flow, liquid level and power signals from the detection instrument, constructs the basic loop controllers of the temperature and liquid level, and makes the controlled variables of each basic loop controller track the set values respectively by sending corresponding control instructions to the actuator.

7. The physical experiment device for optimizing and controlling industrial heat exchange process operation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The actuator comprises a water pump A frequency converter, a water pump B frequency converter and an electric heater pressure regulating module; the water pump A frequency converter and the water pump B frequency converter respectively receive frequency instructions from the process control system, drive the water pump A and the water pump B, and convert the frequency instructions into the rotating speeds of the water pump A and the water pump B, so as to adjust the water flow of the water pump A and the water pump B; the electric heater pressure regulating module receives heating instructions from the process control system, drives the electric heater and adjusts the heating intensity of the electric heater according to the heating instructions.

8. The physical experiment device for optimizing and controlling industrial heat exchange process operation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The detection instrument comprises a flowmeter A, a flowmeter B, a liquid level meter, a thermometer A, a thermometer B, a water pump A power meter, a water pump B power meter and an electric heater power meter; the flowmeter A is installed on the water pump A outlet pipeline to measure the instantaneous water flow of the water pump A outlet pipeline; the flowmeter B is installed on the water pump B outlet pipeline to measure the instantaneous water flow of the water pump B outlet pipeline; the liquid level meter is installed in the heating device to measure the instantaneous liquid level of the water stored in the heating device; the thermometer A is installed in the heating device near the water outlet at the bottom of the heating device to measure the temperature of the hot water in the heating device; the thermometer B is installed at the cold water outlet of the heat exchange device to measure the temperature of the cold water outlet of the heat exchange device; the water pump A power meter, the water pump B power meter and the electric heater power meter are connected to the motor of the water pump A, the motor of the water pump B and the electric heater respectively to measure the power of the water pump A, the power of the water pump B and the power of the electric heater; all the detection instruments are connected to the process control system through hard-wired signals or through field bus signals to send the detected process parameters to the process control system.

9. A method for physical experiment of industrial heat exchange process operation optimization control, based on the physical experiment device of industrial heat exchange process operation optimization control according to claim 8, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: in the process control system, three basic loop controllers are constructed, including a heating device temperature controller, a heating device liquid level controller and a heat exchange device cold water outlet temperature controller; The controlled variable of the heating device temperature controller is the hot water temperature generated in the heating device measured by the thermometer A, and the control variable is the heating instruction of the electric heater pressure regulating module; The controlled variable of the heating device liquid level controller is the liquid level of the water in the heating device measured by the liquid level meter, and the control variable is the frequency instruction of the water pump A frequency converter; The heat exchange device cold water outlet temperature controller, the controlled variable is the heat exchange device cold water outlet temperature measured by the thermometer B, and the control amount is the frequency instruction of the water pump B frequency converter; Step 2: defining the operation index of the controlled object operation optimization; Step 3: defining the decision variable of the controlled object operation optimization; The decision variable of the controlled object operation optimization includes the heating device temperature controller set value and the heating device liquid level controller set value; Step 4: defining the controlled object operation optimization control problem; The controlled object operation optimization control problem is defined as: under the premise that the three basic loop controllers constructed in step 1 are put into closed-loop control and meet certain constraints, how to adjust the two decision variables in step 3 so that the operation index in step 2 is optimized; Step 5: starting the devices used in the hot water loop and the cold water loop in the controlled object unit through the process control unit, and putting the three basic loop controllers into automatic control mode, and starting the operation optimization control software containing a specific optimization algorithm in the operation control unit when the water flow in the controlled object unit enters a steady state, adjusting the set values of the heating device temperature controller and the heating device liquid level controller according to the process data of the operation of the controlled object unit, and carrying out experiments to realize the optimization of the operation index.

10. The physical experiment method for optimizing and controlling industrial heat exchange process operation according to claim 9, characterized in that: The step 2 defines the operation index of the controlled object operation optimization, including the energy consumption index, the yield index, the heating medium consumption index and the comprehensive index; Wherein, the energy consumption index = water pump A power + water pump B power + electric heater power; The yield index = the instantaneous flow rate of the water pump B outlet pipeline measured by the flow meter B; The heating medium consumption index = the instantaneous flow rate of the water pump A outlet pipeline measured by the flow meter A; The comprehensive index is a weighted index of any two or three of the energy consumption index, the heating medium consumption index and the yield index.

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