Mountain area medium and small river pulse type ecological water supplementing automatic regulation and control method and system based on beach land soil moisture content

Abstract

The invention discloses a mountainous area medium and small river pulse type ecological water supplementing automatic regulation and control method and system based on the soil moisture content of beach land soil. According to the method, an ecological water supplementing control section with a stable beach land is selected at the downstream of a gate pump, and water level and soil moisture content monitoring equipment and a power supply system are arranged; a water level-flow relation curve is established through field calibration, and the maximum ecological water supplementing flow is determined; based on the soil moisture content monitored in real time, when the soil moisture content is lower than a first threshold value, the controller automatically calculates the water replenishing flow and starts the gate pump to replenish water according to the current water level and the calibration relation, and when the moisture content is higher than a second threshold value, water replenishing is stopped, and therefore pulse type accurate water replenishing according to the soil moisture content is achieved. The problem that ecological water demand guarantee of the mountain river is insufficient can be effectively solved, the water supplementing precision and the intelligent level are improved, and the river habitat health and the ecological system stability are maintained.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of river ecological water supplement, in particular to a mountainous medium and small river pulse ecological water supplement automatic regulation method and system based on beach soil moisture regime. BACKGROUND

[0002] Rainfall is the main supplement way of ecological flow of mountainous medium and small rivers, and the amount and distribution of rainfall directly affect the size of ecological flow of mountainous medium and small rivers. However, the rainfall in mountainous areas usually has seasonal characteristics, and the rainfall in flood season is large, and the rainfall in non-flood season is small. This seasonal change leads to obvious seasonal fluctuation of river ecological flow. Especially in the dry season, long-term drought will cause the ecological flow of mountainous rivers to decrease significantly, which affects the stability of the river ecological system and also affects the ecological service function of mountainous rivers. Whether the river ecological service function is sound becomes the key characterization of river and even the whole river basin water ecological environment governance, water conservancy engineering optimization scheduling effect, and water ecological value transformation realization.

[0003] At present, there is no known automatic regulation system or method for ecological water supplement of mountainous small and medium-sized rivers. First, the ecological water supplement area is mainly in urban river, wetland, lake and other areas, and there is no method for ecological water supplement of mountainous small and medium-sized rivers. Secondly, the determination of river ecological water supplement is limited to the results of traditional water ecological water demand calculation method, water resources allocation model scheme and artificial experience decision, and there is no method for measuring the actual river ecological water supplement, which has the problems of poor timeliness, inaccurate regulation, and inability to respond to the ecological water demand of the beach in real time, resulting in waste of water resources or poor ecological water supplement effect. For example, the invention patent with publication number CN113420265A discloses a river ecological water demand fine calculation method, which divides the river into river sections according to the river division principle, calculates the river ecological water demand based on the ecological water demand guarantee target, calculates the water demand of the river under different ecological targets, and uses the typical year / month method to fine the annual ecological water demand to the time period, but only the fine calculation of the ecological water demand under different ecological restoration targets is calculated, and in fact, due to the differences in hydrological conditions and underlying surface conditions of each mountainous river, there is a certain gap between the actual ecological water demand and the calculated water demand, and the actual ecological water supplement of a river at different time periods also lacks corresponding technical support. The invention patent with publication number CN114611846A discloses a city new district multi-mode ecological water supplement system and method, which calculates the ecological water supplement demand of the river based on the scheduling mode of the river network water resources, selects or switches the corresponding water supplement mode based on the ecological water supplement demand, adopts the form of multi-source complementation based on the water supplement mode, and completes the water supplement according to the predetermined area and / or predetermined stage, but only the ecological water supplement quantity of large-scale ecological water supplement is selected and determined from the aspect of water resources allocation, and the accuracy of the actual ecological water supplement of a river at different time periods is relatively lacking. Finally, there is no intelligent regulation of river in the ecological water supplement intelligent system, only the regulation and intelligent control system of river ecological flow, mainly the equipment regulation of ecological flow guarantee method, regulation and operation method and ecological flow device architecture, and the ecological flow regulation and operation mainly targets large-scale area, and does not consider the intelligent regulation system of river ecological water demand, and does not consider the difference of river ecological flow caused by different hydrological characteristics and underlying surface conditions and the intelligent ecological water supplement.

[0004] Small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas generally face the problem of insufficient ecological water guarantee in dry season due to significant seasonal variation of runoff. The existing ecological water supplement technology mostly relies on fixed flow or simple threshold control based on river water level, lacks response to the actual water demand of the key ecological unit of river beach, and is difficult to achieve precise and intelligent water supplement. This may lead to insufficient water supplement and ineffective alleviation of ecological stress, or excessive water supplement and negative effects such as waste of water resources and submergence of beach vegetation. Therefore, how to achieve intelligent, precise and automatic pulse ecological water supplement based on the real ecological water demand of the beach is a technical problem to be solved in the field. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the problems in the prior art, the present application provides a mountainous small and medium-sized river pulse ecological water supplement automatic control method and system based on beach soil moisture condition. The core of the method is to use beach soil moisture condition as the direct trigger signal of ecological water supplement, to achieve precise calculation of water supplement amount through field rated water level-flow relationship, and finally to realize intelligent start and stop of pulse water supplement through automatic controller.

[0006] The technical scheme adopted by the method of the present application is as follows: A mountainous small and medium-sized river pulse ecological water supplement automatic control method based on beach soil moisture condition, comprising the following steps: S1, selecting an ecological water supplement control section: selecting a river section with water supplement demand downstream of an ecological water supplement gate pump as an ecological water supplement control section.

[0007] S2, laying out monitoring and power supply system: installing water level monitoring equipment and beach soil moisture condition monitoring equipment at the ecological water supplement control section, and installing a first power supply equipment in a non-flooded area on the river bank.

[0008] S3, rating water level-flow relationship: in the field, different levels of flow are discharged by controlling the ecological water supplement gate pump, and after the water flow is stable at the control section, the corresponding water level is measured and recorded. Based on multiple sets of flow-water level data, the water level-flow relationship curve Q=f(H) of the ecological water supplement control section is fitted, and based on the highest elevation H 滩 of the beach, the maximum ecological water supplement flow Q max is determined.

[0009] S4, automatically controlling ecological water supplement: providing an ecological water supplement controller for receiving data sent by the water level monitoring equipment and the soil moisture condition monitoring equipment; when the soil moisture content is lower than the first threshold value, the ecological water supplement controller calculates the ecological water supplement flow Q 实 based on the current real-time water level H 补 and the water level-flow relationship curve, and controls the ecological water supplement gate pump to Q 补The flow is opened to supplement water; when the soil moisture content is higher than the second threshold, the ecological water supplement gate pump is controlled to stop supplementing water.

[0010] Further, in step S1, there is no tributary confluence and no river diversion project between the ecological water supplement gate pump and the control section to ensure the one-to-one correspondence between the supplement water flow and the monitoring data and avoid interference; the control section should have a stable beach to provide a place for soil moisture monitoring and as a direct manifestation of the supplement benefit area; the beach is suitable for shallow water plant growth; Further, in step S2, the water level monitoring device is used to monitor and send the section water level data at regular intervals, and the soil moisture monitoring device is buried in the beach soil layer to monitor and send the soil moisture content data at regular intervals.

[0011] Further, the measuring point of the soil moisture monitoring device is 25-35 cm from the beach surface; the monitoring time interval of the water level monitoring device and the soil moisture monitoring device is 10-15 minutes.

[0012] Further, step S3 includes the following sub-steps: S31, obtaining the multi-year average flow Q of the ecological water supplement control section 年 , and calculating 6 different level rating flow values in the range of 5% to 30% of Q 年 , respectively denoted as Q 5% , Q 10% , Q 15% , Q 20% , Q 25% and Q 30% ; S32, in the dry season, the ecological water supplement gate pump is controlled to discharge each level rating flow in turn, and Q 5% is taken as the first level rating flow; S33, for each level discharge flow, after the water flow reaches the ecological water supplement control section and the water level is stable, the corresponding section water level value is recorded, respectively H 5%、 , H 10% , H 15% , H 20% , H 25% and H 30% ; S34, according to all levels of rating flow and the corresponding water level values, a quadratic function relationship is fitted by using the least square method: Q = A + B × H + C × H², (1) wherein: Q is the section flow, unit: m³ / s; H is the section water level, unit: m; A, B, C are fitting parameters; S35, measure the highest elevation H of the beach 滩 , and H 滩 is substituted into the relationship (1) to calculate the maximum ecological water supplement flow Q max , Q max is the upper limit of the water supplement flow to prevent excessive water supplement from damaging the beach vegetation habitat. The maximum ecological water supplement flow Q max Relationship: , (2) In the formula: Q max is the maximum ecological water supplement flow, and the unit is m³ / s; H 滩 is the highest elevation water level of the beach, and the unit is m; B, C are fitting parameters.

[0013] Further, in step S4, when the soil moisture content of the control section is lower than the first threshold value, the beach vegetation has faced drought stress, and ecological water supplement needs to be started; when the soil moisture content of the control section is higher than the second threshold value, water supplement is stopped.

[0014] Further, the calculation formula of the ecological water supplement flow Q 补 is: , (3) In the formula: Q 补 is the ecological water supplement flow, and the unit is m³ / s; Q max is the maximum ecological water supplement flow, and the unit is m³ / s; H 实 is the real-time water level of the beach water supplement section, and the unit is m; A, B, C are fitting parameters.

[0015] The technical scheme adopted by the system of the present application is: The application discloses an automatic regulation and control system for pulse ecological water supplement of a mountainous medium and small river based on beach soil moisture, and the system is applied to the automatic regulation and control method for pulse ecological water supplement of a mountainous medium and small river based on beach soil moisture, and the system comprises water level monitoring equipment, soil moisture monitoring equipment, an ecological water supplement gate pump, a first power supply device, a second power supply device and an ecological water supplement controller. max When the soil moisture content is lower than a first threshold value, the water supplement flow Q 补 is calculated according to the real-time water level and the water level-flow relationship, and the ecological water supplement gate pump is controlled to be opened.

[0016] Further, the first power supply device 4 and the second power supply device 5 are both solar power supply devices.

[0017] Further, the ecological water supplement controller is integrated with a wireless communication module and is used for remotely receiving monitoring data and sending control instructions.

[0018] (1) The system has high precision and ecological relevance, and changes the water supplement trigger signal from a traditional water level or time index into soil moisture, which directly reflects the water demand of a beach ecological system, so that the water supplement decision is more in line with the actual ecological water demand law, and the system realizes the change from "water supply management" to "water demand management".

[0019] (2) The system has high intelligence and automation, realizes the full-process automation from monitoring, decision-making to execution through the integrated controller and the preset algorithm, greatly reduces manual intervention, improves response speed and management efficiency, and is particularly suitable for rivers in remote mountainous areas.

[0020] (3) The water supplement strategy is scientific and reasonable, the pulse water supplement mode is adopted, the natural hydrological regime is simulated, and the health of the river ecological system is benefited.

[0021] (4) The system is flexible and reliable, uses solar power supply and wireless communication technology, reduces the dependence on external power supply and wired network, and enhances the applicability and reliability of the system in different geographical environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the method of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the selected ecological water supplement control section of the present application; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the system of the present application.

[0023] In the figure: 1 - water level monitoring equipment; 2 - soil moisture monitoring equipment; 3 - ecological water supplement gate pump; 4 - first power supply equipment; 5 - second power supply equipment; 6 - ecological water supplement controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] The selected river channel of the present embodiment is a mountainous small river, with a total length of about 9 km, a trapezoidal river section, a bottom width of about 5 m, a water surface width of about 10 m, a longitudinal slope of about 0.1%, and a comprehensive roughness coefficient of about 0.035. An ecological water supplement gate pump 3 is arranged at the upstream pile number 0K+000 of the river channel, serving as an ecological water supplement source. The river section from the gate pump to the river mouth has no tributary inflow and no water diversion project, ensuring accurate calculation of the water supplement amount. The middle and lower reaches of the river channel have stable beaches distributed at pile numbers 4K~4K+500, which are suitable for the growth of shallow water plants and are the core ecological maintenance area of the present embodiment.

[0026] As shown in Figure 1 , the present application is a mountainous small river pulse type ecological water supplement automatic regulation and control method based on beach soil moisture, which comprises the following steps: S1, selecting an ecological water supplement control section As shown in Figure 2 , the selected ecological water supplement control section is located about 4250 m downstream of the ecological water supplement gate pump (pile number 4K+250). The section has stable beach conditions, is suitable for the growth of shallow water plants, and has clear ecological water supplement demand; at the same time, there is no tributary inflow and river channel water diversion project between it and the upstream gate pump, meeting the technical requirements of the control section.

[0027] S2, laying a monitoring and power supply system At the pile number 4K+250, the ecological water supplement control section is selected, and the following equipment is laid: The water level monitoring device 1 adopts a radar water level gauge, is installed at a control section, collects water level data every 10 minutes and transmits wirelessly; the soil moisture monitoring device 2 adopts a soil moisture monitoring instrument, is buried in the highest area of the beach, a probe is located at a depth of 30 cm below the ground surface, collects soil moisture every 10 minutes and transmits wirelessly; the first power supply device 4 is a solar power supply system, is arranged at a non-flooded area of a river bank, supplies power for the water level monitoring device 1 and the soil moisture monitoring device 2; the ecological water replenishment controller 6 is arranged in a gate pump control room, receives monitoring data through a wireless communication module, and sends control instructions to the ecological water replenishment gate pump 3; the second power supply device 5 is a solar power supply system, supplies power for the ecological water replenishment controller 6 control terminal.

[0028] S3, rating water level-flow relationship Field rating is carried out in the dry season, and the specific steps are as follows: S31, obtaining the multi-year average flow Q of the ecological water replenishment control section 年 = 10.4 m³ / s, and calculating the rating flow values of 6 different levels in the range of 5% to 30% of Q 年 = 0.52 m³ / s, Q 5% = 1.04 m³ / s, Q 10% = 1.56 m³ / s, Q 15%= = 2.08 m³ / s, Q 20% = 2.60 m³ / s, and Q 25% = 3.12 m³ / s. 30% S32, in the dry season, the ecological water replenishment gate pump 3 is controlled to discharge the above flows in turn, and Q 5% is taken as the initial flow. S33, after each flow discharge, the water level value is recorded after the water level of the control section is stable for 10 minutes, and the corresponding water level values are H 5% = 72.39 m, H 10% = 72.70 m, H 15% = 72.91 m, H 20% = 73.03 m, H 25% = 73.10 m, and H 30% = 73.18 m. S34, based on the above 6 groups of data, the least square method is used to fit the water level-flow relationship formula: Q = A + B × H + C × H² (1) A = 71.956, B = 0.8382, and C = -1.1466 are calculated by substituting the data, that is: , S35, substituting the values of the fitting parameters A, B and C into the relationship formula (2).​ (2) That is , The measured highest elevation H 滩 =73.15m is substituted into the relationship formula, and the maximum ecological water supplement flow Q max =2.95m³ / s is calculated, the values of fitting parameters A, B, and C and Q max are stored in the ecological water supplement controller 6.

[0029] S4, automatically regulating ecological water supplement After the system is started, the ecological water supplement controller 6 executes the following automatic regulation logic: When it is monitored that the soil moisture content is less than the first threshold 10%, it is judged that the water supplement needs to be started; The real-time water level H 实 =72.31m is obtained, and the relationship formula (3) The data is substituted to calculate the current ecological water supplement flow Q 补 =2.49m³ / s: The controller instructs the ecological water supplement gate pump 3 to be opened, and releases water according to Q 补 =2.49m³ / s; During the water supplement process, the soil moisture content is continuously monitored, and when the soil moisture content reaches the second threshold 18%, the ecological water supplement gate pump 3 is immediately instructed to stop water supplement, and a pulse-type ecological water supplement process is completed.

[0030] The embodiment successfully realizes the precise and on-demand pulse-type ecological water supplement of the vegetation on the beach of the mountainous small and medium-sized river by laying monitoring equipment, rating the water level-flow relationship, and automatically regulating the start and stop of the ecological water supplement gate pump and the water supplement flow based on the soil moisture content threshold and the real-time water level, which effectively saves water resources while ensuring ecological health, and provides a predictable and reusable precise water supplement solution for river section ecological vegetation repair.

[0031] For example Figure 3As shown, the present application is a kind of automatic regulation system of mountainous small and medium-sized river pulse ecological water replenishment based on beach soil moisture content, the present application system is applied to the automatic regulation method of mountainous small and medium-sized river pulse ecological water replenishment based on beach soil moisture content, the present application system includes: water level monitoring equipment 1, set in ecological water replenishment control section, for monitoring river water level;Soil moisture content monitoring equipment 2, set in the beach of ecological water replenishment control section, for monitoring soil moisture content;Ecological water replenishment gate pump 3, for replenishing water to river;First power supply equipment 4, for providing power for water level monitoring equipment 1 and soil moisture content monitoring equipment 2;Second power supply equipment 5, for providing power for ecological water replenishment controller 6;Ecological water replenishment controller 6 is respectively connected with water level monitoring equipment 1, soil moisture content monitoring equipment 2 and ecological water replenishment gate pump 3;Ecological water replenishment controller 6 is configured to: receive water level and soil moisture content data;Store the water level-flow relationship data and the maximum ecological water replenishment flow Q max obtained by rating;When soil moisture content is lower than the first threshold value, calculate the water replenishment flow Q 补 according to real-time water level and the water level-flow relationship, and control the ecological water replenishment gate pump 3 to open;When soil moisture content is higher than the second threshold value, control the ecological water replenishment gate pump 3 to close.

[0032] The first power supply equipment 4 and the second power supply equipment 5 are both solar power supply equipment.

[0033] The ecological water replenishment controller 6 is integrated with a wireless communication module for remotely receiving monitoring data and sending control instructions.

[0034] The above examples and specific parameters in the examples are only for clearly describing the verification process of the application, and are not used to limit the patent protection scope of the application, the patent protection scope of the application is still subject to its claims, any equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the specification and drawings of the application should also be included in the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. An automatic control method for pulse-type ecological water replenishment of small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the riverbank, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1, Selecting the ecological water replenishment control section: Select a river section with water replenishment needs downstream of the ecological water replenishment gate pump as the ecological water replenishment control section. S2, Deploy monitoring and power supply system: Install water level monitoring equipment and beach soil moisture monitoring equipment at the ecological water replenishment control section, and install the first power supply equipment in the non-flood-inundated area along the riverbank; S3, Calibrate the water level-flow relationship: On-site, by controlling the release of different flow rates from the ecological water replenishment gate pump, after the water flow stabilizes at the control section, measure and record the corresponding water level. Based on multiple sets of flow-water level data, fit the water level-flow relationship curve Q=f(H) of the ecological water replenishment control section, and based on the elevation H of the highest point of the beach... 滩 Determine the maximum ecological water replenishment flow rate Q max ; S4, Automatic Regulation of Ecological Water Replenishment: An ecological water replenishment controller is provided to receive data from the water level monitoring device and the soil moisture monitoring device; when the soil moisture content is detected to be lower than a first threshold, the ecological water replenishment controller adjusts the water level according to the current real-time water level H. 实 The ecological water replenishment flow rate Q is calculated from the water level-flow rate relationship curve. 补 And control the ecological water replenishment gate pump to Q 补 The flow rate is activated to replenish water; when the soil moisture content is detected to be higher than the second threshold, the ecological water replenishment gate pump is controlled to stop replenishing water.

2. The automatic regulation method for pulse-type ecological water replenishment of small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the beach area as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, there are no tributaries flowing into the control section and no river channels diverting water between the control section and the ecological water replenishment gate pump. The control section has a stable beach suitable for the growth of shallow-water plants.

3. The automatic regulation method for pulse-type ecological water replenishment of small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the beach area according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the water level monitoring device is used to monitor and transmit cross-sectional water level data at regular intervals, and the beach soil moisture monitoring device is buried under the beach soil layer to monitor and transmit soil moisture content data at regular intervals.

4. The automatic regulation method for pulse-type ecological water replenishment of small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the beach area as described in claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The measuring point of the soil moisture monitoring device is 25-35cm away from the surface of the beach; the monitoring time interval of the water level monitoring device and the soil moisture monitoring device is 10-15 minutes.

5. The automatic regulation method for pulse-type ecological water replenishment of small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the beach area according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3 includes the following sub-steps: S31, Obtain the multi-year average flow rate Q of the ecological water replenishment control section. 年 And calculate Q 年 Six different levels of calibration flow rate within the range of 5% to 30% are denoted as Q. 5% Q 10% Q 15% Q 20% Q 25% and Q 30% ; S32, during the dry season, control the ecological water replenishment gate pump to release the rated flow rates of each stage in sequence, and in accordance with Q. 5% As the first-level rated flow; S33, for each discharge flow rate, after the water flow reaches the ecological water replenishment control section and the water level stabilizes, record the corresponding section water level value, which is H. 5%、 H 10% H 15% H 20% H 25% and H 30% ; S34. Based on the calibration flow rate of all levels and their corresponding water level values, the least squares method is used to fit the quadratic function relationship: Q = A + B × H + C × H². In the formula: Q represents the cross-sectional flow rate, measured in m³ / s. H represents the cross-sectional water level, in meters (m). A, B, and C are the fitting parameters; S35, the elevation H of the highest point of the beach was measured. 滩 and H 滩 Substituting into the relationship described in S34, the maximum ecological water replenishment flow rate Q is calculated. max Relationship: ； In the formula: Q max The maximum ecological water replenishment flow rate is expressed in m³ / s. H 滩 This is the water level at the highest point of the beach, in meters (m). A, B, and C are the fitting parameters.

6. The automatic regulation method for pulse-type ecological water replenishment of small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the beach area according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, when the soil moisture content of the control section is lower than the first threshold, the beach vegetation is facing drought stress and ecological water replenishment needs to be initiated; when the soil moisture content of the control section is higher than the second threshold, water replenishment is stopped.

7. The automatic regulation method for pulse-type ecological water replenishment of small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the beach area according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the ecological water replenishment flow rate Q 补 The calculation formula is: ； In the formula: Q 补 Ecological water replenishment flow rate, in m³ / s; Q max The maximum ecological water replenishment flow rate is expressed in m³ / s. H 实 Real-time water level at the section for replenishing water to the beach, in meters; A, B, and C are the fitting parameters.

8. An automatic pulse-type ecological water replenishment control system for small and medium-sized mountain rivers based on the soil moisture of the riverbank, characterized in that: The system is applied to the automatic regulation method for pulsed ecological water replenishment of small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the floodplain, as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, and the system comprises: Water level monitoring equipment (1) is installed at the ecological water replenishment control section to monitor the river water level; Soil moisture monitoring equipment (2) is set up at the beach of the ecological water replenishment control section to monitor soil moisture content; Ecological water replenishment gate pump (3) is used to replenish water to the river channel; The first power supply equipment (4) is used to provide power to the water level monitoring equipment (1) and the soil moisture monitoring equipment (2); The second power supply equipment (5) is used to provide power to the ecological water replenishment controller (6); The ecological water replenishment controller (6) is communicatively connected to the water level monitoring device (1), the soil moisture monitoring device (2), and the ecological water replenishment gate pump (3), respectively; the ecological water replenishment controller (6) is configured to: receive water level and soil moisture content data; and store calibrated water level-flow rate relationship data and maximum ecological water replenishment flow rate Q. max When the soil moisture content is below the first threshold, the replenishment flow rate Q is calculated based on the real-time water level and the water level-flow rate relationship. 补 And control the opening of the ecological water replenishment gate pump (3); when the soil moisture content is higher than the second threshold, control the closing of the ecological water replenishment gate pump (3).

9. The automatic control system for pulse-type ecological water replenishment of small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the beach area according to claim 8, characterized in that: Both the first power supply device (4) and the second power supply device (5) are solar power supply devices.

10. The automatic control system for pulse-type ecological water replenishment of small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas based on the soil moisture of the floodplain as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The ecological water replenishment controller (6) integrates a wireless communication module for remotely receiving monitoring data and sending control commands.

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