Bypass discharge system and control method for a high temperature gas cooled reactor

Abstract

The present application relates to bypass exhaust system technical field, specifically for a kind of bypass exhaust system and control method for high temperature gas cooled reactor, including bypass exhaust valve, water collecting cylinder, regulating valve, desuperheater and condenser connected in order, still include air inlet pipeline and hydraulic control mechanism, one end of air inlet pipeline is connected with the air inlet of bypass exhaust valve, the other end of air inlet pipeline is used to connect with steam outlet, and temperature sensor and pressure sensor are also provided on air inlet pipeline;Hydraulic control mechanism is connected with bypass exhaust valve, regulating valve and desuperheater by electro-hydraulic proportional valve, the present application monitors the parameter of entering steam in real time by temperature sensor and pressure sensor, and the hydraulic actuator of each valve body is controlled by electro-hydraulic proportional valve, therefore, it has the characteristics of fast response speed and control precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bypass emission system technology, specifically to a bypass emission system and control method for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor. Background Technology

[0002] The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor is an advanced nuclear reactor that uses helium as a coolant and graphite as a moderator. It has significant advantages such as high safety, high outlet temperature, high power generation efficiency, and versatility. It can be widely used in power generation, heating, hydrogen production, and other fields, and occupies an important position in energy structure transformation and clean energy development. It is one of the key research and application directions in the current nuclear energy field.

[0003] Existing high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) bypass systems typically consist of bypass piping, bypass discharge valves, regulating valves, desuperheating valves, condensers, and corresponding connecting fittings. One end of the bypass piping connects to the main outlet pipe of the HTGR steam generator, while the other end connects to the condenser or atmospheric discharge line. The bypass discharge valve is installed at the end of the bypass piping closest to the steam generator outlet and controls the on / off state of the bypass system. The regulating valve is connected in series in the middle of the bypass piping to regulate the flow rate of the bypass steam. The desuperheating valve further cools the steam. The main purpose of this system is to promptly and safely discharge excess steam generated by the steam generator when the HTGR unit experiences load fluctuations, shutdowns, or accidental operating conditions, preventing abnormal increases in the pressure and temperature of the main steam system and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the unit.

[0004] In existing bypass venting systems, each valve is opened, closed, and its opening degree is adjusted via hydraulic actuators. The movement of these actuators relies on hydraulic oil supplied by a hydraulic power unit. Due to pressure loss and time delay in the transmission of hydraulic oil through the pipelines, the hydraulic actuators respond slowly to control signals. This makes it difficult for traditional bypass venting systems to quickly and accurately adjust the valve openings according to real-time changes in steam temperature and pressure. Therefore, we propose a bypass venting system and control method for high-temperature gas-cooled reactors to effectively address these shortcomings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bypass emission system and control method for high-temperature gas-cooled reactors, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a bypass discharge system for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, comprising a bypass discharge valve, a water collection cylinder, a regulating valve, a desuperheating valve, and a condenser connected sequentially, and further comprising:

[0007] An air intake pipe is provided, one end of which is connected to the air inlet of the bypass discharge valve, and the other end of which is connected to the steam outlet. A temperature sensor and a pressure sensor are also provided on the air intake pipe.

[0008] A hydraulic control mechanism, wherein the hydraulic control mechanism is connected to a bypass discharge valve, a regulating valve and a desuperheating valve via an electro-hydraulic proportional valve;

[0009] The controller is used to receive signals from the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor, and the signal output terminal of the controller is connected to the electro-hydraulic proportional valve.

[0010] The bypass discharge valve includes a valve body and a desuperheating cylinder. The desuperheating cylinder has a water inlet on its wall and a spraying mechanism inside. The spraying mechanism includes at least two vertically spaced carrier rings. Several first spray pipes are spaced on the carrier rings, and a second spray pipe is provided between each pair of adjacent first spray pipes. Both the first and second spray pipes are arc-shaped, and the several first and second spray pipes together form a circular structure. Both the first and second spray pipes are connected to the water inlet.

[0011] The carrier ring is also provided with a driving assembly, which is used to drive a plurality of first spray pipes to move radially along the carrier ring so that the first spray pipes move closer to or further away from the center of the carrier ring.

[0012] Optionally, the first spray pipe has a plurality of first nozzles on the side of its wall near the center of the carrier ring, and the second spray pipe has a plurality of second nozzles on the side of its wall near the center of the carrier ring.

[0013] Optionally, the inner ring wall of the carrier ring is provided with a slide table corresponding to the first spray pipe, and the upper surface of the slide table is provided with a slide groove distributed radially along the carrier ring.

[0014] The driving assembly includes sliders slidably disposed in each groove, and a return spring, a pull rope, and a positioning block corresponding to each slider. The first spray pipe is disposed on the slider. The two ends of the return spring are respectively connected to the slider and the inner end of the groove. A wire hole is provided on the inner bottom surface of the groove and at one end near the center of the carrier ring. One end of the pull rope is connected to the slider, and the other end passes through the wire hole and is connected to the positioning block. The positioning block is connected to the inner wall of the desuperheating cylinder.

[0015] Optionally, the cooling cylinder is equipped with a lifting adjustment component, which is used to drive several carrier rings to move up and down synchronously.

[0016] Optionally, the top surface of the slider is provided with a first bearing seat, and a first rotating sleeve is fitted inside the first bearing seat through a bearing. The first rotating sleeve is fixedly fitted to the outside of the first spray pipe, and a torsion spring is also provided between the first rotating sleeve and the first bearing seat. When the torsion spring is not subjected to external force, the first nozzles are all tilted downwards.

[0017] Optionally, the top surface of the carrier ring is provided with a second bearing seat corresponding to the second spray pipe. A second rotating sleeve is rotatably sleeved in the second bearing seat through a bearing. The second rotating sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the second spray pipe. A torsion spring is also provided between the second rotating sleeve and the second bearing seat. When the torsion spring is not subjected to external force, the second nozzles are all tilted downwards.

[0018] Optionally, the bottom of the first rotating sleeve is provided with a swing bar, and the top surface of the carrier ring is provided with a stop block corresponding to the swing bar; when the pull rope is in a slack state, the slider is located in the groove and at one end away from the center of the carrier ring, the swing bar is in contact with the stop block, and the first nozzle is tilted upward.

[0019] Optionally, a pushing part is slidably provided on the upper surface of the carrier ring and outside the second spray pipe, a driven gear ring is fitted on the outside of the second rotating sleeve, and a rack is provided on the inner side wall of the pushing part, the rack meshing with the driven gear ring; when the pull rope is in a slack state, the end of the first spray pipe abuts against the pushing part, and the second nozzle is inclined upward.

[0020] Optionally, the lifting adjustment assembly includes a connecting rod and a lifting cylinder. The connecting rod is connected to several carrier rings, and one end of the connecting rod extends to the outside of the desuperheating cylinder. The cylinder body of the lifting cylinder is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the desuperheating cylinder, and the movable end of the lifting cylinder is connected to the connecting rod. The first spray pipe and the second spray pipe are both connected to the water inlet.

[0021] This invention also proposes a control method for a bypass emission system of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, applied to the aforementioned bypass emission system for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, the control method comprising:

[0022] The signals in the intake pipe are collected in real time by temperature and pressure sensors and transmitted to the controller. The controller controls the opening of the bypass discharge valve, regulating valve and desuperheating valve through electro-hydraulic proportional valve.

[0023] When the temperature or pressure in the intake pipe is higher, the opening degree of the bypass discharge valve, regulating valve and desuperheating valve all increase;

[0024] When the pressure in the air intake pipe is lower than the set threshold, several of the first spray pipes and the second spray pipes are located on the carrier ring.

[0025] When the pressure inside the air intake pipe is higher than a set threshold, several of the first spray pipes move radially toward the center of the carrier ring.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a bypass emission system and control method for high-temperature gas-cooled reactors, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1. This invention monitors the parameters of the incoming steam in real time through temperature and pressure sensors, and controls the hydraulic actuators of each valve body through electro-hydraulic proportional valves, thus having the characteristics of fast response and precise control;

[0028] 2. The present invention provides a spray mechanism at the bottom of the bypass discharge valve. The spray mechanism can pre-treat the high-temperature steam, thereby reducing the temperature of the steam and preventing the high-temperature steam from damaging the subsequent pipelines and valve body.

[0029] 3. Under conditions of high steam pressure and high flow rate, the present invention can move the first spray pipe closer to the center of the carrier ring and make each nozzle tilted in the direction of the spray, which is more conducive to the uniform distribution of water mist in the pipeline, thereby improving the cooling effect of the water mist.

[0030] 4. Under conditions of low steam pressure and slow flow rate, the present invention can make the first spray pipe and the second spray pipe form a ring together, and make each nozzle tilted upward to adapt to the slow flow rate steam conditions, so as to make the water mist act more evenly in the pipeline and improve the cooling effect of the water mist. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bypass discharge valve of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spraying mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first state of the spraying mechanism of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the second state of the spraying mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the ring structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the second spray pipe structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a block diagram of the modules of the present invention.

[0040] In the diagram: 100, Bypass discharge valve; 101, Valve body; 102, Desuperheating cylinder; 103, Air inlet pipe; 104, Temperature sensor; 105, Pressure sensor; 106, Water inlet; 107, Slide table; 108, Slide groove; 109, Slider; 110, Return spring; 111, Pull rope; 112, Positioning block; 113, First bearing seat; 114, First rotating sleeve; 115, Second bearing seat; 116, Second rotating sleeve; 117, Swivel bar; 118. 119. Stop block; 120. Pushing part; 121. Driven gear ring; 200. Rack; 300. Water collecting cylinder; 400. Regulating valve; 500. Desuperheating valve; 600. Condenser; 601. Spraying mechanism; 602. Carrier ring; 603. First spray pipe; 604. Second spray pipe; 605. First nozzle; 606. Second nozzle; 700. Hydraulic control mechanism; 800. Controller; 900. Lifting and adjusting assembly; 901. Connecting rod; 902. Lifting cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 9 This application proposes a bypass discharge system for a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, comprising a bypass discharge valve 100, a water collection cylinder 200, a regulating valve 300, a desuperheating valve 400, and a condenser 500 connected sequentially. The bypass discharge valve 100 includes a valve body 101 and a desuperheating cylinder 102, which is vertically arranged. The cylinder wall of the desuperheating cylinder 102 has a water inlet 106, and a spray mechanism 600 is installed inside the desuperheating cylinder 102. The water collection cylinder 200 is a cylindrical structure with an open top and a bottom, and its top is connected to the bottom of the desuperheating cylinder 102. Therefore, water sprayed by the spray mechanism 600 can drip into the water collection cylinder 200. Additionally, the top side wall of the water collection cylinder 200 has an exhaust port, which is connected to the regulating valve 300 via a pipeline.

[0043] This embodiment also includes an air intake pipe 103, a hydraulic control mechanism 700, and a controller 800 (S7-1200). One end of the air intake pipe 103 is connected to the air inlet of the bypass discharge valve 100, and the other end of the air intake pipe 103 is used to connect to the steam outlet. The air intake pipe 103 is also equipped with a temperature sensor 104 and a pressure sensor 105. The temperature sensor 104 and the pressure sensor 105 are used to collect the temperature and pressure of the incoming steam and transmit the signals to the controller 800.

[0044] Furthermore, the hydraulic control mechanism 700 is connected to the bypass discharge valve 100, the regulating valve 300, and the desuperheating valve 400 via electro-hydraulic proportional valves. Specifically, all three valve bodies are controlled to open and close via hydraulic actuators, and each of the three valve bodies' hydraulic actuators is connected to the hydraulic control mechanism 700 via an electro-hydraulic proportional valve. The hydraulic control mechanism 700 includes at least a hydraulic oil tank and a hydraulic pump, which pressurizes the hydraulic oil to control the movement of the hydraulic actuators.

[0045] In addition, the controller 800 is used to receive signals from the temperature sensor 104 (XCIB-K-2-6-10) and the pressure sensor 105 (APT3700N-G), and the signal output terminal of the controller 800 is connected to each electro-hydraulic proportional valve; that is, the controller 800 can directly control the opening of the bypass discharge valve 100, the regulating valve 300 and the desuperheating valve 400.

[0046] It should be noted that the control principle of traditional hydraulic control components is that the control mechanism sends a command to the hydraulic station pump, the pump then drives the hydraulic oil pipeline to deliver hydraulic oil, and finally the actuator moves. This multi-stage transmission has a certain time delay and limited accuracy. In this embodiment, the opening and closing of each valve body is directly controlled by an electro-hydraulic proportional valve. Compared with traditional hydraulic control components, this embodiment directly regulates hydraulic parameters through electrical signals, which has the advantages of fast response speed and precise control.

[0047] The following is a detailed description of the specific structure of the spraying mechanism 600:

[0048] The spraying mechanism 600 includes at least two vertically spaced carrier rings 601, each carrier ring 601 being annular. Several first spray pipes 602 are spaced apart on the carrier rings 601, and a second spray pipe 603 is provided between each adjacent first spray pipe 602. Both the first spray pipes 602 and the second spray pipes 603 are arc-shaped, and the several first spray pipes 602 and the second spray pipes 603 together form an annular structure. Both the first spray pipes 602 and the second spray pipes 603 are connected to the water inlet 106. The first spray pipes 602 and the second spray pipes 603 are distributed sequentially at intervals, and there is only a small gap between adjacent first spray pipes 602 and second spray pipes 603.

[0049] Furthermore, the first spray pipe 602 has a plurality of first nozzles 604 on the side of its wall near the center of the carrier ring 601, and the second spray pipe 603 has a plurality of second nozzles 605 on the side of its wall near the center of the carrier ring 601. Specifically, both the first spray pipe 602 and the second spray pipe 603 are arc-shaped bends, the first nozzles 604 are all disposed on the inner ring wall of the first spray pipe 602, and the second nozzles 605 are all disposed on the inner ring wall of the second spray pipe 603, and both the first nozzles 604 and the second nozzles 605 are atomizing nozzles.

[0050] It is worth mentioning that both the first spray pipe 602 and the second spray pipe 603 are connected to the water inlet 106 by rubber hoses, and the water inlet 106 is connected to an external water pump through a pipeline to provide cold water to the spraying mechanism 600 to cool the high-temperature steam.

[0051] In addition, the carrier ring 601 is also provided with a driving assembly, which is used to drive a plurality of first spray pipes 602 to move radially along the carrier ring 601, so that the first spray pipes 602 move closer to or away from the center of the carrier ring 601. Specifically, the inner ring wall of the carrier ring 601 is provided with a slide 107 corresponding to the first spray pipes 602 one by one. The upper surface of the slide 107 is provided with a groove 108 distributed radially along the carrier ring 601, and the slide 107 is flush with the upper surface of the carrier ring 601. One end of the groove 108 extends onto the carrier ring 601.

[0052] The drive assembly includes sliders 109 slidably disposed within each groove 108, and return springs 110, pull ropes 111, and positioning blocks 112 corresponding to each slider 109. A first spray pipe 602 is disposed on the slider 109. The two ends of the return springs 110 are connected to the slider 109 and the inner end of the groove 108, respectively. A threading hole is provided on the inner bottom surface of the groove 108, near the center of the carrier ring 601. One end of the pull rope 111 is connected to the slider 109, and the other end passes through the threading hole and is connected to the positioning block 112. The positioning block 112 is connected to the inner wall of the cooling cylinder 102. When the carrier ring 601 is in contact with the positioning block 112, the pull rope 111 is in a relaxed state, the return spring 110 is in a compressed state, and the slider 109 is located within the groove 108 at the end furthest from the center of the carrier ring 601.

[0053] It should be noted that the top surface of the slider 109 is provided with a first bearing seat 113, and a first rotating sleeve 114 is fitted inside the first bearing seat 113 via a bearing. The first rotating sleeve 114 is a straight cylindrical tube and is fixedly fitted to the outside of the first spray pipe 602. A torsion spring is also provided between the first rotating sleeve 114 and the first bearing seat 113. When the torsion spring is not subjected to external force, the first nozzles 604 are all tilted downwards. Specifically, the inner ring wall of the first bearing seat 113 and the outer ring wall of the first rotating sleeve 114 are both provided with shaft holes for the ends of the torsion spring to be inserted. The two ends of the torsion spring are respectively connected to the inner wall of the first bearing seat 113 and the outer wall of the first rotating sleeve 114.

[0054] The top surface of the carrier ring 601 is provided with a second bearing seat 115 corresponding to the second spray pipe 603. A second rotating sleeve 116 is rotatably sleeved inside the second bearing seat 115 via a bearing. The second rotating sleeve 116 is also a straight cylindrical tube and is fixedly fitted onto the outside of the second spray pipe 603. A torsion spring is also provided between the second rotating sleeve 116 and the second bearing seat 115. When the torsion spring is not subjected to external force, the second nozzles 605 are all tilted downwards. The inner ring wall of the second bearing seat 115 and the outer ring wall of the second rotating sleeve 116 are both provided with shaft holes for the end of the torsion spring to be inserted. The two ends of the torsion spring are respectively connected to the inner ring wall of the first bearing seat 113 and the outer ring wall of the second rotating sleeve 116.

[0055] In addition, the bottom of the first rotating sleeve 114 is provided with a swing bar 117, and the top surface of the carrier ring 601 is corresponding to the swing bar 117 with a stop block 118. When the pull rope 111 is in a slack state, the slider 109 is located in the groove 108 and away from the center of the carrier ring 601. At this time, the swing bar 117 is in contact with the stop block 118, and the stop block 118 can push the swing bar 117 to swing, so that the first nozzle 604 is kept tilted upward.

[0056] A pushing part 119 is slidably provided on the upper surface of the carrier ring 601 and outside the second spray pipe 603. A driven gear ring 120 is fitted on the outside of the second rotating sleeve 116. A rack 121 is provided on the inner side wall of the pushing part 119, and the rack 121 meshes with the driven gear ring 120. When the pull rope 111 is in a slack state, the first spray pipe 602 abuts against the end of the pushing part 119, and the second nozzle 605 is inclined upward. The upper surface of the carrier ring 601 has sliding openings corresponding to each pushing part 119. These sliding openings are distributed radially along the carrier ring 601, and the bottom of the pushing part 119 slides in cooperation with these sliding openings. Furthermore, the length direction of these sliding openings is consistent with the length direction of the rack 121. When the pull rope 111 is slack, each first spray pipe 602 can push the corresponding pushing part 119 away from the center of the carrier ring 601, thereby controlling the second spray pipe 603 to flip upward under the drive of the rack 121.

[0057] It is worth mentioning that when the pull rope 111 is in a slack state, each of the first nozzles 604 and the second nozzles 605 is tilted upwards, and the tilt angle is between 30° and 40°. When the carrier ring 601 moves vertically upwards, under the action of the pull rope 111, several sliders 109 can be driven to move towards the center position close to the carrier ring 601. At this time, the swing bar 117 no longer contacts the stop block 118, and the pushing part 119 no longer contacts the first spray pipe 602. At this time, under the action of each torsion spring, the first nozzles 604 and the second nozzles 605 are tilted upwards, and the angle between each nozzle and the horizontal plane is between 25° and 35°.

[0058] In some embodiments of this application, the desuperheating cylinder 102 is provided with a lifting adjustment assembly 900, which is used to drive a plurality of carrier rings 601 to rise and fall synchronously. The lifting adjustment assembly 900 includes a connecting rod 901 and a lifting cylinder 902. The connecting rod 901 is connected to a plurality of carrier rings 601, and one end of the connecting rod 901 extends to the outside of the desuperheating cylinder 102. The cylinder body of the lifting cylinder 902 is fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the desuperheating cylinder 102, and the movable end of the lifting cylinder 902 is connected to the connecting rod 901. The first spray pipe 602 and the second spray pipe 603 are both connected to the water inlet 106. Therefore, the lifting cylinder 902 can directly drive the plurality of carrier rings 601 to rise and fall synchronously, thereby controlling the position of each first spray pipe 602 and the tilt angle of each nozzle.

[0059] Example 2: This application also proposes a control method for a bypass emission system of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, applied to the bypass emission system of the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor in Example 1. The control method includes:

[0060] The temperature sensor 104 and pressure sensor 105 collect signals from the intake pipe 103 in real time and transmit the signals to the controller 800. The controller 800 controls the opening of the bypass discharge valve 100, the regulating valve 300 and the desuperheating valve 400 through the electro-hydraulic proportional valve.

[0061] Specifically, when the temperature or pressure in the intake pipe 103 is higher, the opening of the bypass discharge valve 100, the regulating valve 300, and the desuperheating valve 400 all increase.

[0062] When the pressure in the air intake pipe 103 is lower than the set threshold, several first spray pipes 602 and second spray pipes 603 are located on the carrier ring 601, and the first nozzle 604 and the second nozzle 605 are tilted upwards.

[0063] When the pressure inside the air intake pipe 103 is higher than the set threshold, several first spray pipes 602 move radially toward the center of the carrier ring 601. Specifically, at this time, the lifting adjustment component 900 can drive several carrier rings 601 to rise, so that the slider 109 drives the first spray pipes 602 to move closer to the center of the carrier ring 601. At this time, the tilt angles of the first nozzle 604 and the second nozzle 605 are both set downward.

[0064] It should be noted that when the air pressure is high, the gas velocity entering the desuperheating cylinder 102 is also relatively fast. At this time, if the nozzle sprays water horizontally outward or tilted upward, the water mist is easily dispersed and deviates from the target area due to the large impact force of the gas. Specifically, the propulsive force of the high-velocity gas will have a strong dragging effect on the water mist. If the spraying direction is opposite to the airflow direction (such as tilted upward), the water mist will collide head-on with the airflow as soon as it is sprayed out and be quickly pushed downstream. This results in the water mist having too short a residence time in the effective cooling area (near the nozzle) and failing to fully absorb the heat of the steam.

[0065] Conversely, spraying downwards at an angle allows the direction of water mist to be "partially consistent" with the direction of airflow, reducing the relative speed difference between the two, greatly weakening the impact force of the airflow, and making it more conducive for water mist to enter the internal central area of ​​the desuperheating cylinder (102) and expand the cooling area.

[0066] Furthermore, when the air pressure is higher, the first spray pipe 602 is closer to the center of the carrier ring 601, which makes it easier for the water mist to reach the central area inside the cooling cylinder 102; while at this time, the second spray pipe 603 is mainly used to cover the area near the edge inside the cooling cylinder 102. Therefore, the combined effect of the first spray pipe 602 and the second spray pipe 603 is more conducive to the uniform dispersion of water mist and improves the cooling effect.

[0067] On the other hand, when the air pressure is low, the gas velocity is also relatively low, and the impact force of the gas is relatively weak. At this time, the water mist sprayed obliquely upward can float upward with its own initial velocity, forming a counter-current contact with the downward flowing gas, greatly increasing the contact time. Furthermore, the combination of several first spray pipes 602 and second spray pipes 603 to form a ring shape helps to avoid spray dead zones, allowing the water mist to be more evenly dispersed within the cooling cylinder 102. Therefore, this embodiment can dynamically adjust the spraying mode of the spraying mechanism 600 according to changes in steam pressure, enabling it to cool the steam more thoroughly.

[0068] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0069] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bypass discharge system for a high temperature gas cooled reactor comprising, in series, a bypass discharge valve, a header tank, a regulating valve, a letdown valve and a condenser, characterized in that, Also include: The air intake pipe, one end of the air intake pipe is connected with the air inlet of the bypass discharge valve, the other end of the air intake pipe is used for connecting with the steam outlet, and the air intake pipe is further provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor; Hydraulic control mechanism, the hydraulic control mechanism is connected with the bypass discharge valve, the regulating valve and the desuperheating valve through the electro-hydraulic proportional valve; The controller is used for receiving the signals of the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor, and the signal output end of the controller is connected with the electro-hydraulic proportional valve; Wherein, the bypass discharge valve includes a valve body and a desuperheating cylinder, the cylinder wall of the desuperheating cylinder is provided with a water inlet, the inside of the desuperheating cylinder is provided with a spraying mechanism, the spraying mechanism includes at least two vertical interval distribution carrier rings, a plurality of first spraying pipes are arranged on the carrier ring, a second spraying pipe is arranged between adjacent two first spraying pipes, the first spraying pipe and the second spraying pipe are arc-shaped, and a plurality of first spraying pipes and second spraying pipes jointly form a circular ring structure, the first spraying pipe and the second spraying pipe are communicated with the water inlet; The carrier ring is further provided with a driving assembly, the driving assembly is used for driving a plurality of first spraying pipes to move along the radial direction of the carrier ring, so that the first spraying pipe is close to or away from the center of the carrier ring.

2. A bypass discharge system for a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe wall of the first spraying pipe and the side close to the center of the carrier ring are provided with a plurality of first nozzles, and the pipe wall of the second spraying pipe and the side close to the center of the carrier ring are provided with a plurality of second nozzles.

3. A bypass discharge system for a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner ring wall of the carrier ring is provided with a sliding table corresponding to the first spraying pipe, and the upper surface of the sliding table is provided with a sliding groove distributed along the radial direction of the carrier ring; The driving assembly includes a sliding block slidingly arranged in each sliding groove, and a return spring, a pull rope and a positioning block corresponding to the sliding block, the first spraying pipe is arranged on the sliding block, the two ends of the return spring are connected with the sliding block and the inner end of the sliding groove respectively, the inner bottom surface of the sliding groove and the end close to the center of the carrier ring are provided with a threading hole, one end of the pull rope is connected with the sliding block, the other end passes through the threading hole and is connected with the positioning block, and the positioning block is connected with the inner wall of the desuperheating cylinder.

4. A bypass discharge system for a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The desuperheating cylinder is provided with a lifting adjusting assembly, and the lifting adjusting assembly is used for driving a plurality of carrier rings to be lifted synchronously.

5. A bypass discharge system for a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top surface of the sliding block is provided with a first bearing seat, a first rotating sleeve is sleeved in the first bearing seat through a bearing, the first rotating sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the first spraying pipe, and a torsional spring is further arranged between the first rotating sleeve and the first bearing seat; when the torsional spring is not subjected to external force, the first nozzles are all arranged obliquely downward.

6. A bypass discharge system for a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top surface of the carrier ring is provided with a second bearing seat corresponding to the second spraying pipe, a second rotating sleeve is rotatably sleeved in the second bearing seat through a bearing, the second rotating sleeve is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the second spraying pipe, and a torsional spring is further arranged between the second rotating sleeve and the second bearing seat; when the torsional spring is not subjected to external force, the second nozzles are all arranged obliquely downward.

7. A bypass discharge system for a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom of the first rotating sleeve is provided with a swing bar, and the top surface of the carrier ring is provided with a stop block corresponding to the swing bar; when the pull rope is in a relaxed state, the sliding block is located in the sliding groove and away from the end of the center of the carrier ring, the swing bar is in contact with the stop block, and the first nozzles are arranged obliquely upward.

8. A bypass discharge system for a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper surface of the carrier ring and outside the second spray pipe is slidably provided with a pushing part, the outer part of the second rotating sleeve is sleeved with a driven gear ring, the inner side wall of the pushing part is provided with a rack, and the rack is engaged with the driven gear ring; when the pull rope is in a relaxed state, the first spray pipe abuts against the end of the pushing part, and the second nozzle is obliquely arranged upwards.

9. A bypass discharge system for a high temperature gas cooled reactor according to any one of claims 4, characterised in that: The lifting adjusting assembly comprises a connecting rod and a lifting oil cylinder, the connecting rod is connected with the carrier rings, one end of the connecting rod extends to the outside of the desuperheating cylinder, the cylinder body of the lifting oil cylinder is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the desuperheating cylinder, and the movable end of the lifting oil cylinder is connected with the connecting rod; the first spray pipe and the second spray pipe are connected with the water inlet.

10. A control method for a bypass discharge system of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor, applied to the bypass discharge system of a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The control method comprises: Signals in the air inlet pipeline are collected in real time by the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor, and the signals are transmitted to the controller; the controller controls the opening degrees of the bypass discharge valve, the adjusting valve and the desuperheating valve through the electro-hydraulic proportional valve; The opening degrees of the bypass discharge valve, the adjusting valve and the desuperheating valve are increased as the temperature or the pressure in the air inlet pipeline is higher; When the pressure in the air inlet pipeline is lower than the set threshold value, the first spray pipes and the second spray pipes are located on the carrier rings; When the pressure in the air inlet pipeline is higher than the set threshold value, the first spray pipes are close to the center of the carrier ring along the radial direction of the carrier ring.

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