Shore power system with adaptive multi-frequency conversion function

Abstract

The invention provides a shore power system with an adaptive multi-frequency conversion function, and relates to the technical field of shore power. The system comprises a data acquisition module used for acquiring an identity label of a berthing ship, historical berthing power consumption data associated with the identity label, and real-time power grid state data of a power grid where a shore power system is located; the matrix generation module is used for generating an operation state matrix covering a preset berthing period; the topology determination module is used for obtaining a load fluctuation index representing load characteristics in a preset berthing period and a power grid disturbance index representing power grid bearing capacity, and determining a unique target conversion topology; the parameter calibration module is used for calibrating to obtain a sequential control parameter sequence covering a preset berthing period according to the target conversion topology and the operation state matrix; and the power supply control module is used for controlling the shore power system to supply power to the berthing ship according to the target conversion topology by adopting the sequential control parameter sequence.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the present application relate to the field of shore power technology, and particularly to a shore power system with adaptive multi-frequency conversion function. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasingly stringent requirements for environmental protection and port air quality worldwide, shore power has become a key technology for modern ports to reduce emissions caused by auxiliary machinery burning fuel oil on ships. A shore power system provides direct power to a berthed ship through onshore facilities to maintain the operation of lighting, air conditioning, cargo handling and other equipment on the ship.

[0003] However, the global standard for ship power systems is not uniform, and there are mainly two power grid frequencies: 50 Hz ( ) and 60 Hz ( ). The frequency of the land power grid is usually fixed. Therefore, in order to provide services for ships from different countries and regions, modern shore power systems must have frequency conversion function.

[0004] Existing variable-frequency shore power systems usually use AC-DC-AC converters based on power electronic technology to achieve this. These systems can convert the fixed-frequency AC power on shore into different frequency AC power required by ships. Although these systems solve the basic frequency conversion problem, there are still several technical defects in practical application: The conversion topology and control strategy of most shore power systems are fixed or only support a limited number of preset modes. When facing different types of ships (such as oil tankers with stable loads and container ships with severe load fluctuations), or when the onshore power grid itself is heavily loaded and fragile, a fixed operating mode is difficult to maintain high efficiency and stability at all times. The system is often over-designed to cope with the worst case, resulting in low operating efficiency under most ordinary conditions.

[0005] The control logic of traditional shore power systems is mostly passive response. That is, the system only adjusts through a feedback control loop after detecting changes in load or grid parameters. This lagging response can cause transient fluctuations in output voltage and frequency when facing rapid and large load shocks caused by the frequent start-stop of high-power equipment on ships (such as cranes, pumps), affecting power supply quality, and even impacting the power grid.

[0006] Existing technical solutions generally lack the ability to predict and plan the overall use of electricity during the entire berthing period of the ship. The system has no knowledge of the load change trend for the next few hours or even tens of hours when power supply begins. This makes it impossible for the system to make forward-looking resource allocation and strategy optimization, for example, it cannot predict when the electricity peak may occur and strengthen the power grid support in advance, nor can it switch to a more efficient operating mode according to the expected load stable period. SUMMARY

[0007] The embodiment of the present application provides a shore power system with adaptive multi-frequency conversion function, which is used for at least partially improving one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present application adopts the following technical scheme: The embodiment of the present application provides a shore power system with adaptive multi-frequency conversion function, which comprises: a data acquisition module, configured to acquire an identity of a berthing ship and historical berthing power consumption data associated with the identity, and acquire real-time power grid state data of a power grid where the shore power system is located; a matrix generation module, configured to generate an operation state matrix covering a preset berthing period based on the historical berthing power consumption data and the real-time power grid state data, wherein a structure of the operation state matrix is that a time segment is a first dimension and a running state parameter is a second dimension; a topology determination module, configured to analyze the operation state matrix to obtain a load fluctuation index representing load characteristics in the preset berthing period and a power grid disturbance index representing a load capacity of the power grid, and determine a unique target conversion topology from a preset conversion topology set based on the load fluctuation index and the power grid disturbance index; a parameter calibration module, configured to calibrate a time-sequenced control parameter sequence covering the preset berthing period according to the target conversion topology and the operation state matrix; and a power supply control module, configured to control the shore power system to supply power to the berthing ship according to the target conversion topology by using the time-sequenced control parameter sequence.

[0009] In a possible implementation manner, the data acquisition module is specifically configured to capture a unique identification code of a berthing ship as the identity through a ship automatic identification system.

[0010] In a possible implementation manner, the historical berthing power consumption data comprises a per-hour power curve, a required frequency and a required voltage level of the ship in a historical berthing event; and the real-time power grid state data comprises a current reference frequency, a voltage effective value, a total active power and a total reactive power of the power grid.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, the matrix generation module is specifically configured to: divide the preset berthing period into a plurality of time segments with equal lengths; extract a corresponding predicted load demand from the historical berthing power consumption data for each time segment; acquire a corresponding predicted power grid stability parameter in combination with the real-time power grid state data for each time segment; and fill the predicted load demand and the predicted power grid stability parameter of each time segment as a running state parameter into a position corresponding to the time segment in the operation state matrix.

[0012] In a possible implementation, when the topology determination module parses the operation state matrix to obtain the load fluctuation index, the topology determination module is specifically configured to: traverse the predicted load demand of all time segments in the operation state matrix; count the number of times that the predicted load demand of adjacent time segments changes by more than a first preset threshold within the preset berthing period; and take the number of times as the load fluctuation index.

[0013] In a possible implementation, when the topology determination module parses the operation state matrix to obtain the power grid disturbance index, the topology determination module is specifically configured to: traverse the predicted power grid stability parameter of all time segments in the operation state matrix; count the cumulative duration for which the predicted power grid stability parameter is worse than a second preset threshold within the preset berthing period; and take the cumulative duration as the power grid disturbance index.

[0014] In a possible implementation, when the topology determination module determines the target conversion topology based on the load fluctuation index and the power grid disturbance index, the topology determination module is specifically configured to: construct a two-dimensional topology selection coordinate system, wherein a first coordinate axis is the load fluctuation index, and a second coordinate axis is the power grid disturbance index; preset a plurality of non-overlapping topology partitions in the two-dimensional topology selection coordinate system, and each topology partition corresponds to a conversion topology in the preset conversion topology set; map a coordinate point formed by the load fluctuation index and the power grid disturbance index to the two-dimensional topology selection coordinate system; and determine the conversion topology corresponding to the topology partition in which the coordinate point is located as the target conversion topology.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the preset conversion topology set includes at least one of a standard two-level voltage source converter, a multi-level converter, and a converter with an active front end.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the control parameters in the time-sequenced control parameter sequence include at least one of an inverter-side modulation parameter for controlling the output voltage and power, and a rectifier-side control parameter for controlling the DC bus voltage and the power factor of the grid side.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the method further includes: a dynamic correction module configured to, in a process in which the power supply control module controls power supply, monitor the actual power consumption load of the berthing ship and the actual state of the power grid in real time; compare the actual power consumption load and the actual state with the predicted load demand and the predicted power grid stability parameter of the corresponding time segment in the operation state matrix to obtain a real-time deviation value; and when the real-time deviation value exceeds a preset deviation threshold, trigger the matrix generation module to dynamically correct the operation state matrix, and instruct the parameter calibration module to recalibrate the time-sequenced control parameter sequence of the subsequent time segment.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of the shore power system with adaptive multi-frequency conversion function provided for some embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments of the present application.

[0020] Hereinafter, the terms “first”, “second”, and the like are used only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with “first”, “second”, and the like can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of “a plurality of” is two or more.

[0021] In addition, in the present application, the orientation terms such as “up”, “down”, “left”, “right”, and the like can include but not limited to the orientation defined by the relative position of the components in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms can be relative concepts, which are used for relative description and clarification, and can be changed accordingly according to the change of the position of the components in the drawings.

[0022] In the present application, unless otherwise specified and limited, the term “connection” should be understood broadly, for example, “connection” can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium. In addition, the term “electrical connection” can be the mode of electrical connection for realizing signal transmission.

[0023] As used herein, “about”, “approximately”, or “approximately” includes the stated value and the reference value within the acceptable deviation range of the specific value, characterized in that the acceptable deviation range is determined by the ordinary skilled in the art considering the measurement being discussed and the error related to the measurement of the specific quantity (i.e. the limitation of the measurement method).

[0024] This application provides a shore power system and method with adaptive multi-frequency conversion capability. The core idea of ​​this technical solution is to abandon the passive response or fixed-mode power supply strategy of traditional shore power systems and instead construct a forward-looking, adaptive control framework. This framework actively acquires and analyzes the ship's historical power consumption behavior and the real-time state of the power grid before the ship officially berths, generating a structured data entity—the operation state matrix—that can finely characterize the "load-grid" coupling state of the system over a future period. Based on the global analysis of this matrix, the system can predict the load characteristics and grid pressure throughout the berthing cycle and determine an optimal topology from multiple alternative power electronic conversion topologies. Subsequently, the system further calibrates a set of time-series control parameters that cover the entire berthing cycle and dynamically change over time for the selected topology, based on the operation state matrix. This prediction-decision-pre-execution model enables the shore power system to complete the global strategy optimization configuration before the power supply task begins, thereby maximizing energy efficiency and minimizing disturbance to the local power grid while ensuring power quality.

[0025] The system and its operating method proposed in this application will be described in detail below with reference to a specific embodiment. In this embodiment, the shore power system typically includes a rectifier unit connected to the shore power grid, a DC link for energy storage and voltage support, and an inverter unit connected to the ship. The technical solution of this application mainly operates at the control level of the system.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, a shore power system with adaptive multi-frequency conversion capability includes a data acquisition module, a matrix generation module, a topology determination module, a parameter calibration module, and a power supply control module. The functions of these modules and their collaborative process to achieve adaptive power supply will be described below, which can be divided into a series of interrelated steps.

[0027] To implement power supply strategy planning, the system's data acquisition module collects all the information needed to build the decision-making foundation before the power supply task officially begins. The data collected in this process includes two main categories: data related to specific loads (i.e., berthed ships) and data related to the power source (i.e., the local power grid).

[0028] In this embodiment, the data acquisition module communicates with the port's ship traffic service system (…). ) or Automatic Identification System (AIS) The system communicates via an interface. When a ship enters the port area and reserves a berth, the system can communicate through... The signal automatically captures its unique identifier, such as the ship's International Maritime Organization (IMO) signature. ) number or maritime mobile communication service identification code ( This identity identifier. It is the key index for all subsequent data scheduling.

[0029] After obtaining Then, the data acquisition module will use this as an index to access historical databases deployed locally or in the cloud. This database records detailed electricity usage information for all vessels that have ever berthed at this port or related ports. The module queries and retrieves information related to the current... All historical berthing power consumption data associated with the berthing. The historical berthing power consumption data It's not a single numerical value, but a structured dataset that comprehensively reflects a ship's electricity usage habits and needs. Specifically, This includes the hourly power curves of the ship during each past berthing event. Power supply frequency requirements and power supply voltage level The hourly power curve It records the changes in the ship's active and reactive power over time from the start to the end of berthing, with a time resolution of minutes or hours. Usually or , That might be , or Different levels, etc.

[0030] At the same time, in order to understand the current status and carrying capacity of the power supply side, the data acquisition module also needs to monitor and collect data from the local power grid where the shore power system is located. The system interacts with each other to obtain real-time power grid status data. The real-time power grid status data This data aims to reflect the health and stability of the power grid at the current moment. It includes the current reference frequency of the power grid. Effective voltage value at the grid connection point Total active power on power grid feeders Total reactive power These data collectively constitute a snapshot of the grid's background load and voltage support capacity, serving as a crucial basis for assessing the impact on the grid after the connection of high-power shore power loads.

[0031] For example, suppose a container ship named "Ocean" is about to dock. The code is "123456789". The data acquisition module uses... Capture this The module then uses "123456789" as a keyword in the historical database. The search results show that the "Yuanyang" vessel had 15 berthing records in the past two years. The module will then analyze the hourly power curves from these 15 records and their required parameters. frequency and Information such as voltage level was extracted and compiled into a set. At the same time, the module queries the power grid. The system obtains the current power grid state as follows: reference frequency. Connection point voltage The feeder always has active power. Nothing ever got done. .

[0032] The matrix generation module is responsible for constructing a core data structure, namely the operation state matrix. This matrix is ​​designed to monitor ships throughout the preset berthing period. The internal electricity demand and the potential response of the power grid are comprehensively characterized in a time-series and parameterized manner.

[0033] The execution process of this module is as follows: The module is based on the vessel's scheduled berthing plan (e.g., the estimated arrival time obtained from the port authority system). and expected departure time ), determine the preset berthing cycle To perform refined time-series analysis, the module will analyze the entire cycle. Divided along the time axis into A series of consecutive time segments of equal duration For example, if a berthing time of 48 hours is expected, time segments can be selected. If it takes 15 minutes, then a total of 15 minutes will be generated. A number of time segments. Indexes to these time segments. from arrive This constitutes the operation state matrix. The first dimension (row).

[0034] Operation state matrix The second dimension (column) consists of a series of key operational state parameters. These parameters are designed to describe the system from different perspectives at each time segment. The internal state. In this embodiment, these operating state parameters mainly include two: predicted load demand. and predicted grid stability parameters .

[0035] The matrix generation module needs to generate each element in the matrix. Enter the specific numerical value.

[0036] For predicted load demand Its calculation process is to predict the first... This module analyzes historical berthing power consumption data to determine the ship's potential power requirements for a given time period. One specific method for filling in the gaps is to find all historical hourly power curves. In the current time segment The corresponding time point (e.g., the first day after berthing) The module takes power values ​​(minutes) and then performs statistical processing on these values ​​to obtain a representative forecast. For example, it can use the average, median, or weighted average (e.g., more recent records have higher weights). In this way, the module can reconstruct a complete forecast load curve covering the entire berthing cycle.

[0037] For example, to calculate the 10th time segment (i.e., 135-150 minutes after berthing). The module will search for all power values ​​for this time period in 15 historical records, assuming the obtained set of values ​​is... MW, calculate its average value as ,but This process will benefit all Repeat execution.

[0038] For predicting power grid stability parameters Its calculations aim to assess the power grid's performance in the 1st quarter after incorporating predicted ship loads. The health status of a specific time segment. This parameter is obtained by combining real-time power grid status data. and predicted load demand One specific calculation method is based on the current total power of the power grid. and voltage Calculate a baseline grid stability margin. For each time segment... The predicted ship load This data is superimposed onto a reference load, and based on prior data such as the grid's short-circuit capacity and line impedance, the deviation of the grid frequency and voltage is estimated. This deviation is quantified into a dimensionless stability parameter. For example, it can be defined ,in and It is the predicted frequency and voltage deviation. and It is the weighting coefficient. The closer the value is to 1, the more stable the power grid is; the lower the value, the closer the power grid is to the edge of instability.

[0039] Finally, after the above filling process, a operation state matrix is constructed. The data in the first row of the matrix completely describes the load demand and grid environment that the system will face in the first time slice.

[0040] The topology determination module analyzes the generated complete operation state matrix . The purpose of this analysis process is to aggregate the timing information contained in the matrix into two key, single-dimensional quantitative indicators: the load fluctuation index and the grid disturbance index . These two indicators respectively summarize the "challenging" nature of the entire berthing task from the load side and the power supply side.

[0041] The load fluctuation index is obtained to quantify the smoothness of the predicted load curve. A smooth load requires lower design requirements for power electronic converters, while a highly fluctuating load requires converters to have stronger dynamic response capabilities and better filtering performance. In this embodiment, the topology determination module calculates in the following way: The module traverses the first column of the operation state matrix , i.e., the predicted load demand of all time slices from to .

[0042] Then, the module calculates the load change between adjacent time slices from to .

[0043] The system presets a first preset threshold representing "significant change". This threshold is pre-set according to the rated capacity of the shore power system and the load characteristics of typical ships. For example, for a 10MVA shore power system, may be set to .

[0044] The module counts the number of events that satisfy in the entire preset berthing period. This total number is defined as the load fluctuation index .

[0045] This indicator intuitively reflects the frequency of the start, stop or drastic change of high-power loads during the entire berthing period. The higher the value of , the more impact the load has.

[0046] For example, in the predicted load sequence of the above-mentioned 192 time segments, it is found through calculation that the adjacent load changes of 12 time points exceed . Therefore, the load fluctuation degree indicator .

[0047] Grid disturbance degree indicator is obtained, which aims to quantify the pressure or risk that the local grid may bear during the execution of this power supply task. A grid with strong carrying capacity can easily absorb the impact of load changes, while a grid with weak carrying capacity may have significant voltage drop or frequency deviation after the load is connected. In this embodiment, the topology determination module calculates in the following way: The module will traverse the second column of the operation state matrix , that is, the predicted grid stability parameters of all time segments, where from to .

[0048] The system presets a second preset threshold representing the "acceptable" stability level of the grid. For example, may be set to . When is lower than this threshold, it is considered that the grid is in a "disturbed" state at this time segment.

[0049] The module will count the total number of time segments that meet in all time segments.

[0050] Then, multiply this number by the fixed duration of each time segment to obtain a cumulative "vulnerable duration". This duration is defined as the grid disturbance degree indicator .

[0051] This indicator quantifies the total time during which the grid is expected to be under high pressure during the entire berthing period. The longer the value of , the greater the overall impact of this power supply task on the grid, and the more powerful the grid support capability that the shore power system needs to have.

[0052] Exemplarily, in the 192-time-fragment predicted grid stability parameter sequence, it is found that 30 fragments have values lower than 0.5. Each time fragment is 15 minutes long. Therefore, the grid disturbance index .

[0053] After obtaining the two indexes, the topology determination module will perform its core decision-making function, i.e., determining a unique target conversion topology .

[0054] In this application, the conversion topology (Topology) is not an abstract software parameter, but refers to the physical hardware circuit structure of the power electronic converter (Power Converter) that constitutes the core of the shore power system. It describes the specific connection mode and spatial arrangement of key power semiconductor devices (such as insulated gate bipolar transistors IGBT), diodes, capacitors, inductors, etc. within the system. The shore power system involved in this application is a reconfigurable system. It physically integrates a variety of circuit structure components and connects them through a switching array composed of high-speed, high-power contactors or solid-state switches. The "selection" made by the topology determination module is actually a set of instructions to the switching array, which physically builds the selected circuit structure by opening or closing specific switches, thereby enabling the system to run in different hardware modes.

[0055] In this embodiment, the reconfigurable system can realize the following core topologies, which constitute the preset conversion topology set . The set includes a standard two-level voltage source converter (Topology A), a three-level neutral point clamped converter (Topology B), and a converter with an active front end (Topology C).

[0056] The standard two-level voltage source converter is the basic topology of the system. Its physical structure is a H-bridge circuit composed of four IGBTs, with the least number of components and the simplest structure. Its function is to realize basic power conversion, but the output voltage waveform has high harmonic content, and a large passive filter needs to be configured. The three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) converter is a more advanced topology. Its physical structure adds two IGBTs and two clamping diodes to each bridge arm on the basis of the two-level topology, and a midpoint voltage dividing DC bus capacitor is needed. When this topology is selected, the system will connect these additional components to the main circuit through a switch array. Its core function is to output three voltage levels, synthesizing a voltage closer to a sine wave, greatly reducing output harmonics and reducing the size of the output filter. The converter with active front end (AFE) is a functional enhanced topology. Its physical structure is characterized by the use of a controllable IGBT bridge for the grid-side rectifier unit, replacing the traditional uncontrolled diode bridge. Its key function is to achieve precise control of the grid-side current, enabling reactive power compensation and actively supporting the grid voltage when the grid is weak.

[0057] The fundamental reason for selecting a topology is to balance the performance, cost, and efficiency of the system, and to achieve economic optimization throughout the life cycle. The traditional one-size-fits-all design approach, which permanently uses the highest specification topology, will result in wasted investment and low efficiency in most ordinary operating conditions. The topology selection step in this application is essentially a dynamic hardware resource optimization process based on prediction, abandoning static design and adopting a "on-demand allocation" dynamic configuration. By pre-evaluating the actual challenge level (quantified by and ) of the power supply task, the system can intelligently match a suitable hardware topology, such as calling a simple, efficient, and low-cost topology for a simple task, and only when facing a truly challenging complex task, calling a powerful but more costly advanced topology. This adaptive hardware reconstruction ensures that the shore power system can achieve the best combination of performance, efficiency, and cost in each independent power supply task.

[0058] In order to realize the deterministic selection from indicators to topology, the topology determination module constructs a two-dimensional topology selection coordinate system. The first coordinate axis (X-axis) of this coordinate system is defined as the load fluctuation index , and the second coordinate axis (Y-axis) is defined as the grid disturbance index . The entire coordinate plane represents all possible "load-grid" operating condition combinations.

[0059] In this coordinate system, the system predefines multiple non-overlapping topology partitions. Each partition uniquely corresponds to a set of topologies one specific topology in the table. The boundaries of these partitions are determined based on extensive simulations and historical data analysis, aiming to match each topology to its most efficient and adaptive working interval.

[0060] In one specific, non-limiting embodiment, the system presets a load fluctuation threshold and a grid disturbance threshold . These two thresholds divide the coordinate plane into four core topology partitions, with the following specific rules: The first partition (low fluctuation-strong grid region), which is defined by the conditions and . This region represents the most ideal working condition, where the load is stable and the grid is strong. Therefore, the target conversion topology corresponding to this partition is determined as topology A, i.e., the standard two-level voltage source converter. The purpose of choosing this topology is to maximize operating efficiency and minimize hardware cost in this working condition, avoiding the use of complex structures that are functionally excessive.

[0061] The second partition (high fluctuation-strong grid region), which is defined by the conditions and . The main challenge represented by this region comes from the severe fluctuations of the load, which puts higher requirements on output power quality and dynamic response. Therefore, the target conversion topology corresponding to this partition is determined as topology B, i.e., the three-level neutral point clamped (NPC) converter. This topology can effectively suppress harmonics and provide a smoother output voltage, making it an optimal choice for dealing with load shocks.

[0062] The third partition (low fluctuation-weak grid region), which is defined by the conditions and . The main challenge of this region is that the grid itself is relatively weak, and the shore power system may cause significant voltage drop after being connected. Therefore, the target conversion topology corresponding to this partition is determined as topology C, i.e., the converter with active front end (AFE), based on topology A. The core of choosing this topology lies in its active reactive power compensation capability, which injects reactive power into the grid while supplying power to the ship, actively supporting the grid voltage to ensure the stability of the grid connection point.

[0063] The fourth partition (high fluctuation-weak grid region), which is defined by the conditions and . This region represents the most severe working condition, where the system needs to cope with challenges from both the load side and the grid side. Therefore, the target conversion topology corresponding to this partition is determined as the combination of topology B and topology C, i.e., the three-level converter with active front end. This decision means that the system will simultaneously enable the multi-level structure of the NPC converter and the grid-side active rectification structure of the AFE converter, to achieve excellent output power quality and strong grid support capability.

[0064] The topological determination module calculates the specific index value and constitutes a coordinate point . Then, the coordinate point is mapped to a two-dimensional topological selection coordinate system, and it is judged which preset topological partition it falls into. The topology corresponding to the partition is determined as the unique target conversion topology of the power supply task .

[0065] In this way, the topological determination module converts the complex and multi-variable decision-making problem into a simple and deterministic table lookup or region judgment process, ensuring the rapidity and uniqueness of decision-making.

[0066] S400, time-sequenced control parameter calibration After the macroscopic system architecture (i.e., the target conversion topology ) is determined, the goal of the parameter calibration module is to perform micro and refined control strategy preset. Instead of deciding "what to use", it answers "how to use". The core output is a time-sequenced control parameter sequence , which predefines the optimal control parameters for each subsequent time segment, thereby realizing programmed and forward-looking management of the entire power supply process.

[0067] The parameter calibration module receives two key inputs: the target conversion topology and the complete operation state matrix .

[0068] The calibration process is independently performed for each time segment (from to ) in the operation state matrix . For each time segment , the parameter calibration module extracts the system state at that time, i.e., the predicted load demand and the predicted power grid stability parameter .

[0069] Based on these two parameters, and combined with the mathematical model and control characteristics of the selected target conversion topology , the module calculates a set of control parameters that can achieve optimal performance under that state. These control parameters are specific and executable, and the specific content of their set depends on The type of control parameters depends on the selected topology. In the present embodiment, these control parameters can include inverter-side modulation parameters (such as modulation ratio, phase angle) for controlling the output voltage and power, and rectifier-side control parameters (such as firing delay angle, active / reactive current command) for controlling the DC bus voltage and grid-side power factor.

[0070] For example: If is topology D (converter with AFE), the control parameters include the rectifier-side AFE control parameters, such as active current command and reactive current command . In particular, the calculation of the reactive current command is directly linked to : when is low, the system generates a non-zero command to actively inject reactive power into the grid to support the voltage, thus embodying its adaptability.

[0071] For each time slice , the calculation of these parameters is deterministic. For example, the modulation ratio is directly calculated from and the required voltage of the ship. The gain parameters of the control loops and can be obtained by table lookup, with the lookup table being pre-established by offline simulation, the indices of which are and .

[0072] When the parameter calibration module has calculated the corresponding control parameter set for all time slices, it arranges these sets in chronological order to form the final output - the time-sequenced control parameter sequence . This is a structured data list that precisely plans all the core control parameters that the shore power system should adopt at each time slice (e.g. every 15 minutes) from the beginning to the end of berthing.

[0073] When the ship is officially berthed and connected to the shore power cable, the power supply control module takes over the operation of the system.

[0074] First, the power supply control module configures the hardware of the shore power system according to the determined target conversion topology . This involves physically connecting or disconnecting certain power modules through high-speed switches (such as contactors or solid-state switches) to form the selected topology structure.

[0075] After the hardware configuration is completed, the system enters the formal power supply operation state. The power supply control module will start a time-synchronized scheduler. The scheduler runs in time slices . At the beginning of each time slice , the scheduler takes out the corresponding control parameters from the time-sequenced control parameter sequence and loads them into the control core (such as or ) at the bottom of the shore power system. These parameters will directly determine the driving behavior of all power electronic switches and the dynamic characteristics of the control loop in the next time.

[0076] This process will continue until the last time slice ends. In this way, the shore power system is no longer passively responding to the instantaneous changes of the load, but actively and deliberately adjusting its operating point according to the prediction of the future, thereby achieving efficient, smooth, and grid-friendly power supply.

[0077] In order to cope with the possible deviation between prediction and actual situation, the system described in this application can also include a dynamic correction module.

[0078] The function of the dynamic correction module is to monitor the actual power consumption load of the ship and the actual state of the power grid in real time and high frequency during the power supply control process of the power supply control module. Then, the module will continuously compare these real-time measurements with the corresponding predicted values in the operation state matrix and of the current time slice, thereby calculating a real-time and comprehensive deviation value .

[0079] The system has a preset deviation threshold . When the dynamic correction module detects , it means that the actual situation has deviated significantly from the prediction. At this time, the module will trigger a dynamic correction process. It will instruct the matrix generation module to update the part of the operation state matrix that has not been executed. Then, instruct the parameter calibration module to recalibrate the control parameters for the subsequent time slices, generating a new, corrected time-sequenced control parameter sequence . Finally, the scheduler of the power supply control module will discard the unexecuted part of the old sequence and instead execute the new corrected sequence from the current time.

[0080] Exemplarily, when the power supply is carried out to the 50th time slice, a plurality of high-power devices are suddenly started on the ship, resulting in that the actual load is far more than the prediction, and the deviation value exceeds the threshold value . The dynamic correction module is immediately activated. It triggers the matrix generation module to predict the load curve and the grid state from the 51st time slice to the 192nd time slice again by taking the current actual load as a new benchmark, and updates the latter half of the . Subsequently, the parameter calibration module quickly regenerates the control parameters for the subsequent 142 slices. The power supply controller adopts the new control parameters which can better reflect the actual situation to carry out the power supply at the beginning of the 51st time slice.

[0081] The feedback correction mechanism combines the open-loop forward-looking control with the closed-loop real-time response, so that the system can enjoy the high efficiency and stability brought by global optimization, and has flexibility and safety to deal with emergencies, thereby constituting a complete and powerful adaptive control system.

[0082] In summary, the application realizes the fundamental change from passive adaptation to active planning of the shore power system by constructing the operation state matrix to structurally predict the future working condition, and performing topology selection and parameter pre-calibration based on the same.

[0083] It should be noted that the above only describes the preferred embodiments of the application and is not intended to limit the application. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the application shall be included in the protection scope of the application Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, only the division of the above functional modules is taken as an example for illustration, and in actual application, the above functions can be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0084] In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed device and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiment described above is only illustrative, and the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner, for example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the shown or discussed each other can be indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0085] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components displayed as units may be a physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or also can be distributed to multiple different places. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment.

[0086] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware.

[0087] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any change or replacement within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A shore power system with adaptive multi-frequency conversion function, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: A data acquisition module is configured to acquire an identity of a berthing ship and historical berthing power consumption data associated with the identity, and to acquire real-time power grid state data of a shore power system. A matrix generation module is configured to generate an operation state matrix covering a preset berthing period based on the historical berthing power consumption data and the real-time power grid state data, the operation state matrix having a structure with time segments as a first dimension and operating state parameters as a second dimension. A topology determination module is configured to analyze the operation state matrix to obtain a load fluctuation index representing load characteristics in the preset berthing period and a power grid disturbance index representing a power grid carrying capacity, and to determine a unique target conversion topology from a preset conversion topology set based on the load fluctuation index and the power grid disturbance index. A parameter calibration module is configured to calibrate a time-sequenced control parameter sequence covering the preset berthing period based on the target conversion topology and the operation state matrix. A power supply control module is configured to control the shore power system to supply power to the berthing ship according to the target conversion topology using the time-sequenced control parameter sequence.

2. The system of claim 1, wherein, The data acquisition module is specifically configured to: Capture a unique identification code of a berthing ship as the identity through a ship automatic identification system.

3. The system of claim 1, wherein, The historical berthing power consumption data includes hourly power curves, required frequency, and required voltage levels of the ship in historical berthing events, and the real-time power grid state data includes a current reference frequency, a voltage effective value, a total active power, and a total reactive power of the power grid.

4. The system of claim 1, wherein, The matrix generation module is specifically configured to: Divide the preset berthing period into multiple time segments with equal lengths; Extract a corresponding predicted load demand from the historical berthing power consumption data for each time segment; Obtain a corresponding predicted power grid stability parameter in combination with the real-time power grid state data for each time segment; Fill the predicted load demand and the predicted power grid stability parameter of each time segment as operating state parameters into a position corresponding to the time segment in the operation state matrix.

5. The system of claim 1, wherein, When analyzing the operation state matrix to obtain the load fluctuation index, the topology determination module is specifically configured to: Iterate through the predicted load demands of all time segments in the operation state matrix; Statistically count a number of times that a predicted load demand change value of adjacent time segments exceeds a first preset threshold within the preset berthing period; Take the number of times as the load fluctuation index.

6. The system of claim 1, wherein, When analyzing the operation state matrix to obtain the power grid disturbance index, the topology determination module is specifically configured to: Iterate through the predicted power grid stability parameters of all time segments in the operation state matrix; Statistically count a cumulative duration that a predicted power grid stability parameter is worse than a second preset threshold within the preset berthing period; Take the cumulative duration as the power grid disturbance index.

7. The system of claim 1, wherein, When determining the target conversion topology based on the load fluctuation index and the power grid disturbance index, the topology determination module is specifically configured to: A two-dimensional topology selection coordinate system is constructed, wherein a first coordinate axis is the load fluctuation index, and a second coordinate axis is the grid disturbance index; A plurality of non-overlapping topology partitions are preset in the two-dimensional topology selection coordinate system, and each topology partition corresponds to a conversion topology in the preset conversion topology set; A coordinate point formed by the load fluctuation index and the grid disturbance index is mapped to the two-dimensional topology selection coordinate system; The conversion topology corresponding to the topology partition where the coordinate point is located is determined as the target conversion topology.

8. The system of claim 1, wherein, The preset conversion topology set includes at least one of a standard two-level voltage source converter, a multi-level converter, and a converter with an active front end.

9. The system of claim 1, wherein, The control parameters in the time-sequenced control parameter sequence include at least one of inverter-side modulation parameters for controlling output voltage and power, and rectifier-side control parameters for controlling DC bus voltage and grid-side power factor.

10. The system of claim 1, wherein, Further comprising: A dynamic correction module for monitoring the actual power load of the berthed ship and the actual state of the grid in real time during the power supply control of the power supply control module; The actual power load and the actual state are compared with the predicted load demand and the predicted grid stability parameters of the corresponding time segment in the operation state matrix to obtain a real-time deviation value; and when the real-time deviation value exceeds a preset deviation threshold, the matrix generation module is triggered to dynamically correct the operation state matrix, and the parameter calibration module is instructed to recalibrate the time-sequenced control parameter sequence of the subsequent time segment.

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