Frequency modulation method, device and equipment for multi-electrochemical energy storage power station and medium

Abstract

The application discloses a frequency modulation method and device for a plurality of electrochemical energy storage power stations, equipment and a medium, relates to the technical field of safety regulation of electrochemical energy storage power stations, and comprises the following steps: acquiring the position weight factor of each energy storage power station in a frequency modulation area; obtaining the grouping weight factor of each energy storage power station according to the position weight factor of each energy storage power station in the frequency modulation area, thereby obtaining a plurality of target energy storage combinations; acquiring the output characteristic parameters of all energy storage power stations in each target energy storage combination, obtaining a cluster output characteristic parameter set corresponding to each target energy storage combination, and finally confirming the frequency modulation task of each target energy storage combination according to the cluster output characteristic parameter set and the total active deficiency, and combining the frequency modulation cost of the energy storage power station, calculating the frequency adjustment instruction required to be executed by each energy storage power station under the target energy storage combination, so as to perform frequency modulation operation. The frequency modulation method can effectively improve the accuracy, efficiency and economy of the frequency modulation of the plurality of electrochemical energy storage power stations.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application generally relates to the technical field of safety regulation of electrochemical energy storage power stations, and in particular to a frequency regulation method, device, equipment and medium for multiple electrochemical energy storage power stations. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of accelerating low-carbon transformation and optimizing energy structure worldwide, the installed capacity of clean energy represented by wind power and photovoltaic power is growing exponentially. However, the inherent volatility and intermittency of wind and light power sources make the active distribution network system have active power loss and voltage fluctuation amplitude increase after a high proportion of distributed energy is connected to the grid, and also cause reverse power flow and overload risk of transmission and transformation equipment, significantly increasing the regulation complexity of regional power grids.

[0003] The existing multi-energy storage power station frequency regulation method has significant limitations: the centralized strategy relies on a central controller to uniformly distribute instructions, ignoring the differences between different electrochemical energy storage power stations; uniform distribution of instructions also causes communication delays, resulting in response lag of each electrochemical energy storage power station, which reduces the stability of grid frequency regulation and the service life of energy storage equipment. Therefore, the existing multi-energy storage power station frequency regulation method cannot meet the current requirements of electrochemical energy storage power stations for frequency regulation accuracy and stability. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects or shortcomings in the prior art, it is desirable to provide a frequency regulation method, device, equipment and medium for multiple electrochemical energy storage power stations.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a frequency regulation method for multiple electrochemical energy storage power stations, comprising:

[0006] obtaining a position weight factor of each energy storage power station in a frequency regulation area, and obtaining a grouping weight factor of each energy storage power station according to the position weight factor of each energy storage power station in the frequency regulation area;

[0007] grouping multiple energy storage power stations in the frequency regulation area according to the grouping weight factor to obtain multiple target energy storage combinations;

[0008] obtaining an output characteristic parameter of all energy storage power stations in each target energy storage combination, and processing to obtain a cluster output characteristic parameter set corresponding to each target energy storage combination according to the output characteristic parameter of each energy storage power station;

[0009] obtaining a total active power deficiency corresponding to the frequency regulation area, and confirming a frequency regulation task of each target energy storage combination according to the cluster output characteristic parameter set and the total active power deficiency;

[0010] Obtain the frequency modulation cost of the energy storage power station, and combine the frequency modulation task corresponding to each target energy storage combination to calculate the frequency adjustment instruction to be executed by each energy storage power station under the target energy storage combination, so as to control each energy storage power station to perform frequency modulation operation according to the frequency adjustment instruction.

[0011] According to the technical scheme provided in the application, the position weight factor of each energy storage power station in the frequency modulation area is obtained, and the grouping weight factor of each energy storage power station is obtained according to the position weight factor of each energy storage power station in the frequency modulation area, including:

[0012] Obtain the position information and dynamic capacity factor of each energy storage power station;

[0013] According to the position information and dynamic capacity factor of each energy storage power station, the position weight factor of each energy storage power station is confirmed;

[0014] Obtain the current power characteristic parameter of each energy storage power station; the power characteristic parameter at least includes: SOC sensitivity coefficient, response rate attenuation coefficient and cycle number;

[0015] According to the position weight factor and the power characteristic parameter, the grouping weight factor corresponding to each energy storage power station is calculated.

[0016] According to the technical scheme provided in the application, the output characteristic parameter of all energy storage power stations in each target energy storage combination is obtained, and according to the output characteristic parameter of each energy storage power station, a cluster output characteristic parameter set corresponding to each target energy storage combination is obtained, including:

[0017] Obtain the state of charge and initial output characteristic parameter of the energy storage power station in each target energy storage combination;

[0018] According to the state of charge, the initial output characteristic parameter of each energy storage power station is corrected to obtain the output characteristic parameter;

[0019] Based on the output characteristic parameter and the type of output characteristic parameter, the target energy storage combination is aggregated as a unit to obtain a cluster output characteristic parameter set corresponding to each target energy storage combination one by one, and the cluster output characteristic parameter set includes different types of output characteristic parameters.

[0020] According to the technical scheme provided in the application, according to the state of charge, the initial output characteristic parameter of each energy storage power station is corrected to obtain the output characteristic parameter, including:

[0021] If the current state of charge is greater than or equal to a first preset value, the first charge attenuation factor is set to 1, and the second charge attenuation factor is set to 0; if the current state of charge is less than or equal to a second preset value, the first charge attenuation factor is set to 0, and the second charge attenuation factor is set to 1.

[0022] According to the values of the first charge attenuation factor and the second charge attenuation factor, the initial output characteristic parameter is corrected to obtain the output characteristic parameter.

[0023] According to the technical scheme provided by the application, the total active deficiency corresponding to the frequency modulation region is obtained, and the frequency modulation task of each target energy storage combination is confirmed according to the cluster output characteristic parameter set and the total active deficiency, including:

[0024] The system frequency deviation is obtained, and the total active deficiency is calculated based on the system frequency deviation;

[0025] Based on the cluster output characteristic parameter set and the total active deficiency of each target energy storage combination, the frequency modulation task allocated to each target energy storage combination is obtained by taking a first-level function as a target function and taking minimum frequency modulation consumption as a constraint condition.

[0026] According to the technical scheme provided by the application, the frequency modulation cost of the energy storage power station is obtained, and the frequency adjustment instruction required to be executed by each energy storage power station under the target energy storage combination is calculated in combination with the corresponding frequency modulation task of each target energy storage combination, including:

[0027] The energy loss cost, life loss cost and dynamic charging and discharging capacity factor of each energy storage power station are obtained;

[0028] The frequency modulation cost of the energy storage power station is calculated according to the energy loss cost, life loss cost and dynamic charging and discharging capacity factor;

[0029] Based on the frequency modulation cost of the energy storage power station in each target energy storage combination and the corresponding frequency modulation task, the frequency adjustment instruction required to be executed by each energy storage power station under the target energy storage combination is obtained by taking a second-level function as a target function and taking minimum frequency modulation cost as a constraint condition.

[0030] According to the technical scheme provided by the application, the method further includes: obtaining a frequency modulation performance evaluation index; and evaluating the performance of the energy storage resource response deviation rate, the frequency modulation response time and the energy storage resource unit frequency modulation cost according to the frequency modulation performance evaluation index.

[0031] In a second aspect, the application provides a frequency modulation device for multiple electrochemical energy storage power stations, including:

[0032] a grouping module, configured to obtain a position weight factor of each energy storage power station in a frequency regulation area, obtain a grouping weight factor of each energy storage power station according to the position weight factor of each energy storage power station in the frequency regulation area, and group a plurality of energy storage power stations in the frequency regulation area according to the grouping weight factor to obtain a plurality of target energy storage combinations;

[0033] a calculation module, configured to obtain an output characteristic parameter of each energy storage power station in each target energy storage combination, and process a cluster output characteristic parameter set corresponding to each target energy storage combination according to the output characteristic parameter of each energy storage power station;

[0034] a frequency regulation module, configured to obtain a total active deficiency corresponding to the frequency regulation area, confirm a frequency regulation task of each target energy storage combination according to the cluster output characteristic parameter set and the total active deficiency, obtain a frequency regulation cost of the energy storage power station, calculate a frequency adjustment instruction to be executed by each energy storage power station in the target energy storage combination in combination with the frequency regulation task corresponding to each target energy storage combination, and control each energy storage power station to perform a frequency regulation operation according to the frequency adjustment instruction.

[0035] According to the technical scheme provided in the application, the grouping module is further configured to obtain position information and a dynamic capacity factor of each energy storage power station, confirm a position weight factor of each energy storage power station according to the position information and the dynamic capacity factor of each energy storage power station, obtain a current power characteristic parameter of each energy storage power station, and calculate the grouping weight factor corresponding to each energy storage power station according to the position weight factor and the power characteristic parameter.

[0036] According to the technical scheme provided in the application, the calculation module is further configured to obtain a state of charge and an initial output characteristic parameter of each energy storage power station in each target energy storage combination, correct the initial output characteristic parameter of each energy storage power station according to the state of charge to obtain the output characteristic parameter, and aggregate the target energy storage combination based on the output characteristic parameter and the type of the output characteristic parameter to obtain the cluster output characteristic parameter set corresponding to each target energy storage combination one by one, wherein the cluster output characteristic parameter set includes output characteristic parameters of different types.

[0037] According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, the calculation module is further configured to: if the current state of charge is greater than or equal to a first preset value, set the first charge decay factor to 1 and the second charge decay factor to 0; if the current state of charge is less than or equal to a second preset value, set the first charge decay factor to 0 and the second charge decay factor to 1; and correct the initial output characteristic parameters according to the values ​​of the first charge decay factor and the second charge decay factor to obtain the output characteristic parameters.

[0038] According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, the frequency regulation module is further used to obtain the system frequency deviation and calculate the total active power deficit based on the system frequency deviation; based on the cluster output characteristic parameter set and the total active power deficit of each target energy storage combination, with the first-level function as the objective function and the minimum frequency regulation consumption as the constraint condition, the frequency regulation task allocated to each target energy storage combination is obtained.

[0039] According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, the frequency regulation module is further configured to obtain the energy loss cost, lifetime depreciation cost, and dynamic charge / discharge capacity factor of each of the energy storage power stations; calculate the frequency regulation cost of the energy storage power station based on the energy loss cost, lifetime depreciation cost, and dynamic charge / discharge capacity factor; and, based on the frequency regulation cost of the energy storage power station in each of the target energy storage combinations and the corresponding frequency regulation task, obtain the frequency adjustment instructions to be executed by each of the energy storage power stations under the target energy storage combination, with the second-level function as the objective function and the minimum frequency regulation cost as the constraint condition.

[0040] According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, the frequency modulation device further includes: an evaluation module, which is used to obtain frequency modulation performance evaluation indicators; and to evaluate the performance of energy storage resource response deviation rate, frequency modulation response time, and energy storage resource unit frequency modulation cost based on the frequency modulation performance evaluation indicators.

[0041] Thirdly, the present invention provides a terminal device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method described above.

[0042] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described method.

[0043] In summary, this technical solution specifically discloses a frequency regulation method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for multiple electrochemical energy storage power stations. The frequency regulation method includes: obtaining the location weight factors of each energy storage power station within the frequency regulation area; obtaining the grouping weight factors of each energy storage power station based on these location weight factors; grouping multiple energy storage power stations within the frequency regulation area according to the grouping weight factors to obtain multiple target energy storage combinations; obtaining the output characteristic parameters of all energy storage power stations within each target energy storage combination; processing these output characteristic parameters to obtain a set of cluster output characteristic parameters corresponding to each target energy storage combination; obtaining the total active power deficit corresponding to the frequency regulation area; and confirming the frequency regulation task for each target energy storage combination based on the set of cluster output characteristic parameters and the total active power deficit; obtaining the frequency regulation cost of the energy storage power station; and calculating the frequency adjustment commands that each energy storage power station needs to execute under the target energy storage combination, combined with the frequency regulation task corresponding to each target energy storage combination, and controlling each energy storage power station to perform frequency regulation operations according to the frequency adjustment commands.

[0044] Existing frequency regulation methods for multiple energy storage power stations suffer from response lag and unreasonable power output allocation, resulting in poor overall frequency regulation economy of the system. This invention addresses this by grouping and aggregating energy storage power stations within the frequency regulation area based on their different location distributions and states of charge. Then, considering the frequency regulation cost of electrochemical energy storage power stations and dynamic capacity factors, frequency regulation optimization is achieved at the electrochemical energy storage unit level. This frequency regulation method enables efficient collaborative scheduling of energy storage resources, improves the grid frequency regulation response speed and accuracy, meets the grid's active power deficit requirements, and balances the operational economy and equipment lifespan of energy storage power stations, effectively improving the accuracy, efficiency, and economy of frequency regulation for multiple electrochemical energy storage power stations. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Other features, objects, and advantages of the invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0046] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a frequency regulation method for multi-electrochemical energy storage power stations.

[0047] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the expanded process of step S100 in the frequency modulation method.

[0048] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the expanded process of step S300 in the frequency modulation method.

[0049] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the expanded process of step S400 in the frequency modulation method.

[0050] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the expanded process of step S500 in the frequency modulation method.

[0051] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a frequency regulation device for multi-electrochemical energy storage power stations.

[0052] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a terminal device.

[0053] The diagram is labeled as follows: 500, Terminal device; 501, CPU; 502, ROM; 503, RAM; 504, Bus; 505, I / O interface; 506, Input section; 507, Output section; 508, Storage section; 509, Communication section; 510, Driver; 511, Removable media; 600, Frequency modulation device; 601, Grouping module; 602, Calculation module; 603, Frequency modulation module; 604, Evaluation module. Detailed Implementation

[0054] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0055] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] To make the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention clearer and easier to understand, the application background of the embodiments of the present invention will be introduced below.

[0058] In the global process of accelerating low-carbon transformation and energy structure optimization, the installed capacity of clean energy, represented by wind power and photovoltaics, is growing exponentially. However, the inherent volatility and intermittency of wind and solar power sources mean that a high proportion of distributed energy connected to the grid not only leads to increased active power losses and voltage fluctuations in the active distribution network system, but also triggers reverse power flow transmission and overload risks in transmission and transformation equipment, increasing the complexity of power flow regulation in regional power grids. At the same time, traditional frequency regulation resources, mainly thermal power, are limited by their own technical performance and cannot cope with the volatility and uncertainty of new energy output, putting enormous frequency regulation pressure on the power grid. In addition, existing frequency regulation methods for multiple energy storage power stations have significant limitations: (1) The central controller collects the status data of the entire network of energy storage power stations (such as state of charge, geographical location, and performance parameters), calculates the frequency regulation instructions for each power station based on the global optimization model, and then issues them for unified execution. As a result, due to communication delays, the frequency regulation strategy may have real-time contradictions; (2) The fixed-weight distributed strategy allocates output based on a preset capacity ratio, ignoring the geographical location of the power station, the criticality of the grid, and the dynamic differences in the state of charge (SOC). This can easily cause local power stations to be overloaded or idle, reducing the overall frequency regulation economy. More importantly, current methods often focus on a single objective—either pursuing frequency regulation speed while ignoring lifespan loss (such as overusing high-degradation-rate batteries) or emphasizing economy while sacrificing response accuracy (such as prioritizing remote power stations). They lack a multi-objective coordination mechanism for grid safety, economy, and energy storage lifespan, resulting in high frequency regulation costs.

[0059] Specifically, the introduction to the application background can be understood through the following explanations.

[0060] Frequency fluctuations can occur during the operation of a power grid system, which can affect the system's safety and stability. Therefore, when the actual frequency deviates from the rated frequency, timely adjustments are needed to eliminate frequency fluctuations and ensure the stable operation of critical loads.

[0061] Currently, electrochemical energy storage power stations (or energy storage power stations) all possess bidirectional power regulation and millisecond-level response characteristics, enabling them to compensate for system active power deficits in real time and make up for the shortcomings of traditional power sources. For example, when the system frequency drops, energy storage can quickly discharge to replenish power; when the frequency is too high, energy storage can charge to absorb excess power. In a power station area, multiple energy storage power stations are generally distributed, and their distances from the load center are not the same, resulting in different power transmission responses and losses during frequency regulation. In addition, since each energy storage power station also has dynamic differences in SOC, if these differences are not taken into account and tasks are still allocated according to preset weights, it may lead to problems such as frequent deep charging and discharging of a certain energy storage power station when its charge is already close to the lower limit, accelerating battery degradation.

[0062] In view of this, the present invention proposes a frequency regulation method for multiple electrochemical energy storage power stations, comprising: obtaining the location weight factors of each energy storage power station within the frequency regulation area; obtaining the grouping weight factors of each energy storage power station based on the location weight factors of each energy storage power station within the frequency regulation area; grouping multiple energy storage power stations within the frequency regulation area according to the grouping weight factors to obtain multiple target energy storage combinations; obtaining the output characteristic parameters of all energy storage power stations within each target energy storage combination; processing the output characteristic parameters of each energy storage power station to obtain a set of cluster output characteristic parameters corresponding to each target energy storage combination; obtaining the total active power deficit corresponding to the frequency regulation area; and confirming the frequency regulation task of each target energy storage combination based on the set of cluster output characteristic parameters and the total active power deficit; obtaining the frequency regulation cost of the energy storage power station; and calculating the frequency adjustment command to be executed by each energy storage power station under the target energy storage combination in combination with the frequency regulation task corresponding to each target energy storage combination, and controlling each energy storage power station to perform frequency regulation operation according to the frequency adjustment command.

[0063] As can be seen, this invention calculates the regional active power deficit by real-time monitoring of grid frequency deviation and groups and aggregates the energy storage stations participating in frequency regulation within the region based on their location weighting factors. At the electrochemical energy storage station system level, it groups and aggregates the energy storage stations participating in frequency regulation within the region based on their location distribution and dynamic characteristic parameters, achieving system-level optimization. At the electrochemical energy storage aggregation unit level, it introduces a dynamic capacity factor (DCF) and considers the available capacity and frequency regulation cost of the electrochemical energy storage stations to achieve adaptive power redistribution of frequency regulation power among the various electrochemical energy storage stations. The method proposed in this invention balances frequency regulation efficiency, economy, and grid security, realizing two-layer collaborative frequency regulation optimization at both the electrochemical energy storage station system level and the electrochemical energy storage aggregation unit level for multiple electrochemical energy storage stations, solving the problems of slow response, high cost, and insufficient stability of traditional methods.

[0064] Please refer to the following. Figure 1 The flowchart shown in this embodiment illustrates a frequency regulation method for multiple electrochemical energy storage power stations. The implementing entity of this embodiment can be the entire station control system of the electrochemical energy storage power station. This control system includes at least a system layer and a unit layer that are independent yet coordinated. The system layer is used for system-level optimization of the electrochemical energy storage power station; the unit layer is used to achieve frequency regulation optimization at the unit level of electrochemical energy storage aggregation, taking into account both the available capacity of the energy storage power station and the frequency regulation cost. The following is a further explanation of each step of this invention. This frequency regulation method includes the following steps:

[0065] S100. Obtain the location weight factor of each energy storage power station within the frequency regulation area, and obtain the grouping weight factor of each energy storage power station based on the location weight factor of each energy storage power station within the frequency regulation area.

[0066] Location weighting factors are used to measure the importance of an energy storage power station's geographical location within the frequency regulation area. Determining these factors requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors, such as geographical location, grid criticality coefficient, critical loads, and fault redundancy coefficient. By considering these multi-dimensional factors, the actual value and suitability of each energy storage power station in frequency regulation tasks can be accurately assessed. For example, taking geographical location as an example, energy storage power stations located near load centers have an advantage in location weighting factor calculation due to their low line losses and rapid response. After calculating grouping weighting factors based on the location weighting factors of energy storage power stations, and then grouping them using grouping weighting factors, high DCF power stations can be prioritized for high-frequency frequency regulation tasks in subsequent frequency regulation tasks, achieving improvements in response speed, loss cost, and other aspects.

[0067] Specifically, see Figure 2 Step S100 includes the following steps:

[0068] S101. Obtain the location information and dynamic capacity factor of each energy storage power station;

[0069] S102. Based on the location information and dynamic capacity factor of each energy storage station, determine the location weight factor of each energy storage station.

[0070] Location information and dynamic capacity factor can be directly collected by the total station control system. Since the electrochemical energy storage power stations within the power station area are located in different geographical locations, a location weight factor is introduced to ensure the rationality of grouping and the simplicity of calculation. W , will the i The location weight factor corresponding to each energy storage power station is denoted as... W i ，W i It is calculated using the following formula (1):

[0071] Formula (1);

[0072] In formula (1), For the first i The grid criticality coefficient of an energy storage power station is used to reflect the importance of the location of the energy storage power station in the power grid system (such as main line location and remote location).

[0073] For the first i The load proximity factor of an energy storage power station is inversely proportional to the distance between the location of the electrochemical energy storage power station and the critical loads (such as hospitals and data centers) in the power grid system.

[0074] For the first i Dynamic capacity factor of an energy storage power station;

[0075] For the first i The fault redundancy coefficient of an energy storage power station is used to measure the fault tolerance capability of the electrochemical energy storage power station to grid system faults (mainly reflected in whether it provides multi-path power supply); α, β, Ψ, For the weighting coefficients, α + β + Ψ + =1.

[0076] It can be seen that by introducing a location weight factor W This approach can dynamically aggregate power grid topology and load distribution characteristics to solve the problem of insufficient support for key nodes in traditional fixed grouping, and greatly improve the frequency regulation reliability of important areas.

[0077] Next, this step also includes: S103, obtaining the current power characteristic parameters of each energy storage power station; the power characteristic parameters include at least: SOC sensitivity coefficient, response rate decay coefficient and cycle count;

[0078] S104. Calculate the grouping weight factor for each energy storage power station based on the location weight factor and power characteristic parameters.

[0079] Electrochemical energy storage stations have characteristics such as charge and discharge efficiency varying with SOC, cycle life affected by depth of discharge, and response rate affected by state of health (SOH). Therefore, when grouping energy storage stations, corresponding dynamic adjustments need to be made based on the characteristics of electrochemical energy storage stations.

[0080] Therefore, after obtaining the position weight factor W Afterwards, the grouping of energy storage power stations also needs to consider the attributes of the energy storage power stations themselves. Finally, the grouping weight factor corresponding to different energy storage power stations is calculated by the following formula (2). Here, the first... i The grouping weight factor corresponding to each energy storage power station is denoted as... DWF i ;

[0081] Formula (2);

[0082] In formula (2), W i For the first i Location weighting factor for each energy storage power station; SOC s,i For the first i The SOC sensitivity coefficient of each energy storage power station is used to quantify the impact of SOC on the grouping; C life,i For the first i The cycle life decay coefficient of an energy storage power station is used to quantify the impact of the number of cycles on the grouping. For the first i The response rate attenuation coefficient of an energy storage power station; , , , These are the weighting coefficients for each item, and they have... .

[0083] The response rate decay coefficient in formula (2) is calculated using the following formula (3):

[0084] Formula (3);

[0085] In formula (3), N cycle,i For the first i The cumulative number of charge-discharge cycles for each energy storage power station N max Indicates the first i The rated number of cycles for each energy storage power station; SOC i For the first i The state of charge of an energy storage power station.

[0086] Among them, in formula (2) SOC s,i It is calculated using the following formula (4):

[0087] Formula (4);

[0088] In formula (3), SOC s,i For the first i The SOC sensitivity coefficient of an energy storage power station can be determined based on formula (4). When the SOC is within the set safe range (20%-80%), the sensitivity coefficient is 1; when it exceeds the set safe range, it drops to 0.2. This safe range is set based on the actual state of charge of the energy storage unit and is not specifically limited here.

[0089] The first in formula (2) i Cycle life degradation coefficient of an energy storage power station C life,i It is calculated using the following formula (5):

[0090] Formula (5);

[0091] In formula (5), N max This indicates the rated number of cycles for the energy storage power station. N cycle,i For the first i The cumulative number of charge and discharge cycles for each energy storage power station.

[0092] S200. Group multiple energy storage power stations within the frequency regulation area according to the grouping weight factor to obtain multiple target energy storage combinations.

[0093] Based on the calculation of the above power characteristic parameters, the grouping weight factor corresponding to each energy storage power station can be obtained. DWF Then, based on the weighting factors of each group, DWF The various energy storage power stations are grouped. The grouping rules here need to be considered comprehensively and are also related to the current status of each energy storage power station. Therefore, the grouping is not done by setting thresholds or dividing the power stations equally by number. The main goal is to group energy storage power stations with similar characteristics into the same target energy storage combination so that the energy storage power stations with relatively higher efficiency can be prioritized to participate in frequency regulation, which will facilitate unified aggregation control in the future.

[0094] S300. Obtain the output characteristic parameters of all energy storage power stations in each target energy storage combination, and process them according to the output characteristic parameters of each energy storage power station to obtain the set of cluster output characteristic parameters corresponding to each target energy storage combination.

[0095] The cluster output characteristic parameter set integrates the comprehensive performance of each energy storage power station in the target energy storage combination (such as total capacity, average response speed, average charge and discharge efficiency, etc.). According to these parameters and the total active power deficit corresponding to the current frequency regulation area, the control system of this invention can quickly calculate the optimal output scheme of each unit, avoiding repeated analysis of the complex characteristics of a single power station.

[0096] Specifically, see Figure 3 Step S300 includes the following steps:

[0097] S301. Obtain the state of charge and initial output characteristic parameters of the energy storage power station in each target energy storage combination;

[0098] S302. Correct the initial output characteristic parameters of each energy storage power station according to the state of charge to obtain the output characteristic parameters;

[0099] S303. Based on the output characteristic parameters and the type of output characteristic parameters, aggregate the target energy storage combination as a unit to obtain a cluster output characteristic parameter set that corresponds one-to-one with each target energy storage combination. The cluster output characteristic parameter set includes different types of output characteristic parameters.

[0100] First, in this embodiment of the invention, the output characteristic expression of the cluster output characteristic parameter set is as follows: Formula (6):

[0101] Formula (6);

[0102] in,OC BESS This represents the set of cluster output characteristic parameters for a specific target energy storage combination. The output characteristic parameters included in this set are: output power, available capacity, and response rate. and These represent the lower limit and upper limit of the output power of each target energy storage combination, respectively. and These represent the lower and upper limits of available capacity for each target energy storage combination, respectively. and These represent the lower limit and upper limit of the response rate for each target energy storage combination, respectively.

[0103] The process of obtaining the state of charge and initial output characteristic parameters of energy storage power stations within each target energy storage combination is as follows: After obtaining the specific target energy storage combination group, the above-mentioned information, namely the actual state of charge and initial output characteristic parameters of each energy storage power station, can be directly obtained through the whole-station control system of the energy storage power station. The initial output characteristic parameters here include, but are not limited to, parameters such as output power, available capacity and response rate. The purpose is to correct the power attributes of all energy storage power stations for subsequent use or maintenance.

[0104] Next, the State of Charge (SOC) of an energy storage power station is a key indicator reflecting its available capacity, which changes in real time during the charging and discharging process. Traditional cluster output characteristic parameters are often set based on fixed data (such as initial capacity and rated performance), which cannot reflect the dynamic characteristics of energy storage devices. In this embodiment of the invention, the initial output characteristic parameters are corrected by combining the State of Charge (SOC) of the energy storage power station, which can effectively improve the real-time performance, accuracy, and economy of the frequency regulation strategy. Specifically, the method of correcting the initial output characteristic parameters by combining the State of Charge (SOC) of the energy storage power station is as follows:

[0105] Step A1: Set the first charge decay factor and the second charge decay factor;

[0106] Here, with the first z Taking a target energy storage combination as an example, first define the first... z The target energy storage portfolio includes the first i The dynamic decay factors of each energy storage power station are the second charge decay factors. a z,i With the first charge decay factor b z,i The two dynamic attenuation factors are used to constrain the charging and discharging of the energy storage power station, so as to avoid overcharging or over-discharging during the frequency regulation process, which would damage the energy storage power station.

[0107] Step A2: If the current state of charge is greater than or equal to the first preset value, then set the first charge attenuation factor to 1 and the second charge attenuation factor to 0; if the current state of charge is less than or equal to the second preset value, then set the first charge attenuation factor to 0 and the second charge attenuation factor to 1.

[0108] Step A3: Based on the values ​​of the first charge decay factor and the second charge decay factor, correct the initial output characteristic parameters to obtain the output characteristic parameters.

[0109] For example, suppose that adjustments are needed for initial output characteristic parameters such as output power, available capacity, and response rate; the first and second preset values ​​are denoted as follows: and The grouping weight factor here DWF When making comparisons, it is necessary to substitute the specific data corresponding to each energy storage power station; the first and second preset values ​​are boundary values ​​used to avoid overload operation of energy storage power stations, which are set according to the attributes and operating status of the energy storage power stations themselves, and no special restrictions are imposed here.

[0110] Scenario 1: Obtain the state of charge (SOC) of each energy storage station under each target energy storage combination. If the energy storage station is in a normal charging / discharging state, then there is no need to correct the initial output characteristic parameters. In this case, the second charge decay factor... a z,i With the first charge decay factor b z,i Set all values ​​to 0.

[0111] At this point, the following formulas (7)-(9) are given for output power, available capacity, and response rate. This is equivalent to using the initial output characteristic parameters to obtain the final set of cluster output characteristic parameters:

[0112] Formula (7);

[0113] Formula (8);

[0114] Formula (9).

[0115] in, , They represent the corrected number. z Minimum and maximum output power of each target energy storage combination; , They represent the first z Within the target energy storage portfolio, the first i The minimum and maximum output power of each energy storage power station; , They represent the corrected number. z Minimum and maximum response rates of a target energy storage combination; , They represent the first z Within the target energy storage portfolio, the first i Minimum and maximum response rates of an energy storage power station; , They represent the corrected number. z Minimum and maximum available capacity of each target energy storage combination; , They represent the first z Within the target energy storage portfolio, the first i The minimum and maximum available capacity of each energy storage power station; I This represents the total number of energy storage power stations within the current target energy storage portfolio.

[0116] Scenario 2: When there is This indicates that the first... i If the SOC of an energy storage power station is close to its upper limit and charging needs to be restricted or the maximum output reduced, then the first charge decay factor is set to 1 and the second charge decay factor is set to 0.

[0117] Scenario 3: When there is This indicates that the first... i If the SOC of an energy storage power station is close to the lower limit, and it is necessary to limit its discharge or reduce its minimum output, then the first charge decay factor is set to 0 and the second charge decay factor is set to 1.

[0118] For cases two and three above, the following formulas (10)-(12) apply to output power, available capacity, and response rate:

[0119] Formula (10);

[0120] In formula (10), , They represent the corrected number. z Minimum and maximum output power of each target energy storage combination; , They represent the first z Within the target energy storage portfolio, the first i The minimum and maximum output power of each energy storage power station; I This represents the total number of energy storage power stations within the current target energy storage portfolio; a z,i This is represented as the second charge decay factor; b z,i This is expressed as the first charge decay factor; Represented as the firsti The State of Charge (SOC) reference value for each energy storage power station is dynamically set as a function of the current grid frequency deviation. as follows:

[0121] ;in, k This is the sensitivity coefficient. This represents the absolute value of the frequency deviation.

[0122] Formula (11);

[0123] in, , They represent the corrected number. z Minimum and maximum response rates of a target energy storage combination; , They represent the first z Within the target energy storage portfolio, the first i The minimum and maximum response rates of an energy storage power station.

[0124] Formula (12);

[0125] in, , They represent the corrected number. z Minimum and maximum available capacity of each target energy storage combination; , They represent the first z Within the target energy storage portfolio, the first i The minimum and maximum available capacity of each energy storage power station.

[0126] Based on formulas (10)-(12), and according to the comparison results between the actual state of charge of the energy storage power station and the first and second preset values, the corresponding second charge attenuation factor is adjusted. a z,i With the first charge decay factor b z,i By substituting the numerical values, the corrected output characteristic parameters can be obtained. Finally, the corrected output characteristic parameters constitute the set of cluster output characteristic parameters corresponding to each target energy storage combination.

[0127] Next, based on the corrected set of cluster output characteristic parameters and the corresponding total active power deficit, the frequency regulation task for each target energy storage combination needs to be confirmed.

[0128] S400: Obtain the total active power deficit corresponding to the frequency regulation area, and confirm the frequency regulation task of each target energy storage combination based on the set of cluster output characteristic parameters and the total active power deficit.

[0129] Total active power deficit is used to characterize the frequency deviation that needs to be adjusted. Total active power deficit is denoted as... P The set of cluster output characteristic parameters can reflect the frequency regulation capability of each target energy storage combination.

[0130] Specifically, see Figure 4 The method for obtaining the total active power deficit corresponding to the frequency modulation area is as follows:

[0131] S401. Obtain the system frequency deviation and calculate the total active power deficit based on the system frequency deviation.

[0132] Specifically, the system frequency deviation is generally monitored in real time by a phase synchronization unit (PMU) or other frequency measurement equipment, and the system frequency deviation can be calculated using the following formula (13):

[0133] Formula (13);

[0134] In formula (13), For actual frequency, The rated frequency; This represents the frequency deviation.

[0135] After detecting the frequency deviation, the adjustment coefficient is used. R The power deficit at this time can be calculated using the following formula (14). P Perform the calculation:

[0136] Formula (14);

[0137] In formula (14), P N This refers to the rated power of the unit. R This is the adjustment coefficient, and it has... ,in, For varying power.

[0138] S402. Based on the set of cluster output characteristic parameters and total active power deficit of each target energy storage combination, the frequency regulation task allocated to each target energy storage combination is obtained with the first-level function as the objective function and the minimum frequency regulation consumption as the constraint.

[0139] In this embodiment of the invention, the power grid control center is used to issue frequency regulation control commands, and the first-level function is used to issue frequency regulation control commands to each target energy storage combination based on the issued frequency regulation control commands and the set of cluster output characteristic parameters of each target energy storage combination.

[0140] Specifically, the first-level function is as follows: (15)

[0141] Formula (15);

[0142] visible, F 1 is a function aimed at minimizing frequency regulation consumption, used in power grid frequency regulation control for multiple target energy storage combinations ( j=1 arrive n, z e n , n Optimize the power allocation of the total number of target energy storage combinations to ensure that the entire frequency regulation process meets the grid demand while taking into account factors such as the performance and lifespan of the energy storage units. By solving the first-level function, a better power allocation weight for each target energy storage combination can be obtained under the grid frequency regulation command, thereby achieving the purpose of dynamically adjusting the power allocation weight.

[0143] In formula (15), M j (t) The dynamic weighting factor is mainly determined by the grid criticality of the aggregated cluster and the real-time load proximity fluctuations. It also needs to refer to the various power characteristic attributes obtained above. Based on the grouping weighting factor setting, it can be obtained by taking the sum of the grouping weighting factors of all energy storage power stations in the target energy storage combination. This is the life protection factor, typically 0.5; N BESS,j Represented as the first j Cycle life of the target energy storage combination at the current depth of discharge; The sampling period; Represented as the first j The frequency regulation task assigned to each target energy storage combination, that is, the frequency regulation power that needs to be adjusted. The first j The weighting coefficients of each target energy storage combination, for example, can be 0.01 and 0.1 respectively, without any special restrictions.

[0144] It should be noted that, in order to ensure the smooth allocation of tasks during the frequency regulation process of the target energy storage combination, in the process of minimizing frequency regulation consumption, it is also necessary to set corresponding constraints based on the output characteristic parameters obtained after correction. In this embodiment of the invention, the corresponding constraints are also set as shown in the following formulas (16) and (17):

[0145]

[0146] Formula (16);

[0147]

[0148] Formula (17).

[0149] in, Represented as the first jCharging power constraints for frequency regulation power corresponding to each target energy storage combination; Represented as the first j Discharge power constraints for frequency regulation power corresponding to each target energy storage combination; Represented as the first j Minimum charging power of each target energy storage combination; Represented as the first j The maximum charging power of each target energy storage combination; It is expressed as the state of charge coefficient; Represented as the first j The state of charge of a target energy storage combination at time t; Represented as the first j The maximum discharge power of each target energy storage combination; Represented as the first j Minimum discharge power of each target energy storage combination; This is represented as a coefficient related to line transmission capacity; This refers to the maximum allowable transmission power limit for power grid transmission lines; This represents the actual transmission power of the power grid system's transmission lines at time t.

[0150] It should be noted that the maximum and minimum charging power, maximum and minimum discharging power, and other electrical attributes of each target energy storage combination are all data corrected by the aforementioned steps. Data constraints such as minimum output power and maximum output power can also be used here, and can be set according to the actual situation.

[0151] Based on the above, after confirming the weight of each target energy storage combination through the first-level function, the total active power deficit can be allocated to each target energy storage combination based on the corresponding weight. This allows each target energy storage combination to undertake reasonable frequency regulation tasks. Unlike traditional power systems that require monitoring and issuing commands to a large number of dispersed energy storage power stations one by one, resulting in massive data processing and slow regulation response, this embodiment of the invention allows the system to manage each target energy storage combination as a whole after obtaining the aggregated target energy storage combinations, significantly reducing the number of regulation objects.

[0152] S500: Obtain the frequency regulation cost of the energy storage power station, and in combination with the frequency regulation task corresponding to each target energy storage combination, calculate the frequency adjustment command that each energy storage power station needs to execute under the target energy storage combination, and control each energy storage power station to perform frequency regulation operation according to the frequency adjustment command.

[0153] The frequency regulation task based on the target energy storage combination is further refined to the frequency adjustment instructions required by individual energy storage power stations. This is equivalent to optimizing the frequency regulation response speed and accuracy as well as the frequency regulation cost, thereby improving the safety, stability and economy of the entire system.

[0154] Further, see Figure 5 Step S500 includes the following steps:

[0155] S501. Obtain the energy loss cost, lifetime depreciation cost, and dynamic charge / discharge capacity factor for each energy storage power station.

[0156] S502. Calculate the frequency regulation cost of the energy storage power station based on energy loss cost, lifetime depreciation cost, and dynamic charge / discharge capacity factor.

[0157] Considering that the overall regulation capability of the target energy storage portfolio is affected by the SOC of each electrochemical energy storage power station, a frequency regulation method at the target energy storage portfolio level is constructed by introducing a charge and discharge dynamic capacity factor at this level, so as to improve the frequency regulation response capability of electrochemical energy storage while taking into account economic efficiency.

[0158] Specifically, the energy loss cost of the energy storage power station is obtained through the following formula (18):

[0159] Formula (18);

[0160] In formula (18), For the first i The energy consumption cost of an energy storage power station The first i The unit power cost of an energy storage power station , The first i The charging and discharging power of an energy storage power station; , The first i The charging and discharging efficiency of an energy storage power station; The sampling period.

[0161] Next, the lifetime depreciation cost of the energy storage power station is obtained using the following formula (19):

[0162] Formula (19);

[0163] In formula (19), For the first i The lifespan depreciation cost of an energy storage power station , The first i The rated power and rated capacity of each energy storage power station. N i ,DOD=100％ For the first i The number of cycles a single energy storage power station can perform at 100% depth of discharge. k p This is the proportionality coefficient; , The first i The charging and discharging efficiency of an energy storage power station; For the first i The unit power lifespan cost of an energy storage power station.

[0164] Based on the above formulas (18) and (19), the initial unit charging cost of the energy storage power station can be calculated using the following formula (20). and the unit charging cost of the initial energy storage power station :

[0165] Formula (20);

[0166] In formula (20), For the first i The lifespan depreciation cost of an energy storage power station; For the first i Energy consumption cost of an energy storage power station; , The first i A storage power station t The charging power and discharging power at any given time.

[0167] Since the state of charge (SOC) of an energy storage power station directly restricts its regulation capability, the dynamic capacity factor can dynamically adjust the effective capacity of the aggregation unit based on the SOC of each power station. For example, when the SOC of some power stations is too low or too high, the dynamic capacity factor can accurately quantify their actual effective capacity that can participate in frequency regulation, so that the frequency regulation cost calculation no longer relies on fixed capacity assumptions, but is closer to the actual regulation capability, avoiding inefficient regulation or equipment damage due to SOC limitations, and improving the accuracy of cost accounting and frequency regulation strategies.

[0168] Therefore, in this embodiment of the invention, the initial unit charging cost of the energy storage power station is obtained. and the initial unit discharge cost of the energy storage power station Subsequently, charging dynamic capacity factor and discharging dynamic capacity factor were introduced to correct it. , They are used to represent the first i The charging dynamic capacity factor and discharging dynamic capacity factor of each energy storage power station are calculated using the following formula (21):

[0169] Formula (21);

[0170] In formula (21), , They represent the first i The charging dynamic capacity factor and discharging dynamic capacity factor of an energy storage power station , S i ,min , S i ,max , Represented as the first i The actual value of SOC, lower limit of SOC, upper limit of SOC, and the value of SOC of the energy storage power station at time t-1. j The first target energy storage unit i The actual SOC value of an energy storage power station at time t-1; The first i The rated capacity of each energy storage power station; I This represents the total number of energy storage power stations within the current target energy storage portfolio; n The total number of target energy storage combinations.

[0171] Based on charging dynamic capacity factor With discharge dynamic capacity factor The corrected number can be obtained through the following formula (22). i Unit charging cost of an energy storage power station and discharge cost :

[0172] Formula (22).

[0173] S503. Based on the frequency regulation cost and corresponding frequency regulation task of the energy storage power station in each target energy storage combination, take the second-level function as the objective function and the minimum frequency regulation cost as the constraint condition to obtain the frequency adjustment instructions to be executed by each energy storage power station under the target energy storage combination.

[0174] Specifically, the expression for the second-level objective function is as follows: (23)

[0175] Formula (23);

[0176] Formula (23) jointly optimizes real-time electricity price and lifetime loss, and introduces power flow constraints (see formula below) to eliminate line overload risk, which greatly reduces the occurrence of safety over-limit events compared with the unconstrained model.

[0177] in, , The first i A storage power station t The charging power and discharging power at any given time; T Represented as the total duration in the time dimension; and The corrected numbers are respectively the first. i The unit charging cost and discharging cost of an energy storage power station; I This represents the total number of energy storage power stations within the current target energy storage portfolio.

[0178] visible, F 2 to minimize ( min A function with the objective of , used in grid frequency regulation control for multiple energy storage power stations within a target energy storage portfolio. i=1 arrive I The power allocation of the energy storage unit is optimized so that the entire frequency regulation process can meet the grid demand while taking into account the frequency regulation cost of the energy storage unit. By solving the second-level function, each energy storage power station under the frequency regulation task is given a better power allocation weight, so as to achieve the purpose of dynamically adjusting the power allocation weight.

[0179] Meanwhile, once the corresponding frequency regulation task and the power allocation weight to be undertaken by each energy storage power station under the target energy storage combination are known, the frequency adjustment command to be executed by each energy storage power station can be directly obtained. At the execution end of the control system, the energy storage power station can be controlled to perform frequency regulation operation according to the frequency adjustment command, thereby completing the frequency adjustment of the distributed electrochemical energy storage power station in the frequency regulation area.

[0180] It should be noted that, in order to ensure that each energy storage power station can successfully perform the power frequency regulation task, at least the corresponding constraints are set in the embodiments of the present invention as shown in the following formulas (24)-(28), so as to obtain the frequency adjustment instructions to be executed by each energy storage power station under the optimal frequency regulation cost.

[0181] (a) The AGC command balance constraint of the electrochemical energy storage power station is expressed by the following formula (24):

[0182] Formula (24);

[0183] In formula (24), for t The AGC commands undertaken by all energy storage power stations within the target energy storage portfolio at any given time, i.e., the frequency regulation tasks corresponding to the target energy storage portfolio; For the first i A storage power station t Efforts made at all times; , The first i The charging and discharging power of an energy storage power station; and These are the proportional coefficient and integral coefficient, respectively; ACE (Area Control Error), and... and Together, they form a proportional-integral control system.

[0184] (ii) Regarding the first i The upper and lower limits of the output of an energy storage power station are expressed by the following formula (25):

[0185] Formula (25);

[0186] In formula (25), , Represented as the first i A storage power station t The 0-1 variables of the charging and discharging states at any given time; , Represented as the first i The charging and discharging power of an energy storage power station; Represented as the first i The rated power of an energy storage power station.

[0187] (iii) Regarding the first i The upper and lower capacity limits of an energy storage power station are expressed by the following formula (26):

[0188] Formula (26);

[0189] In formula (26), Represented as the first i The SOC value of an energy storage power station at time t; S i ,min , S i ,max Represented as the first i The lower limit and upper limit of SOC for an energy storage power station; Represented as the first i A storage power station The actual value of SOC at time 10:00. Represented as the first i A storage power station Time and The change in SOC at time t; The first i The rated capacity of each energy storage power station; , The first i The charging and discharging efficiency of an energy storage power station.

[0190] (iv) Regarding the first i The power flow constraints of an energy storage power station are expressed by the following formulas (27) and (28):

[0191] Formula (27);

[0192] Formula (28).

[0193] In formula (28), They are nodes The reactance and transmission power of the connecting lines; θ j and θ i Represented as nodes j and nodes i The voltage phase angle; Represented as nodes i Injection power; Represented as a line transmission power matrix; Represented as the node injection power matrix; Expressed as nodal line power sensitivity, i.e., node i Injecting 1MW of power caused [problems] in the relevant lines MW fluctuations; , These represent the upper and lower limits of the allowable power fluctuation of the line, respectively. Represented as a line-related susceptance matrix; Represented as the susceptance matrix related to system nodes, It is represented as the inverse of the susceptance matrix associated with the system nodes.

[0194] In some preferred embodiments, the frequency regulation method further includes: obtaining frequency regulation performance evaluation indicators; and evaluating the performance of energy storage resource response deviation rate, frequency regulation response time, and unit frequency regulation cost of energy storage resources based on the frequency regulation performance evaluation indicators.

[0195] (v) Electrochemical energy storage resource response deviation rate The indicator is expressed as formula (29):

[0196] Formula (29);

[0197] in, Represented as t AGC commands undertaken by all energy storage power stations within the target energy storage portfolio at any given time; For the first i A storage power station t Efforts are made at all times.

[0198] (vi) Frequency modulation response time RT, expressed as formula (30):

[0199] Formula (30);

[0200] in, N This represents the total number of frequency modulation events; Represented as the first g During a secondary frequency regulation event, the moment when the energy storage output power reaches 90% of the target value; Represented as the first g The moment when a frequency modulation request is detected during a secondary frequency modulation event.

[0201] (vii) Unit frequency regulation cost of electrochemical energy storage resources The indicator is expressed as formula (31):

[0202] Formula (31).

[0203] in, , Represented as the first i A storage power station t The charging power and discharging power at any given time; T Represented as the total duration in the time dimension; and These are respectively represented as the corrected number. i The unit charging cost and discharging cost of an energy storage power station; I This represents the total number of energy storage power stations within the current target energy storage portfolio; Represented as the first i A storage power station t Efforts are made at all times.

[0204] In evaluating frequency modulation (FM) performance, response deviation rate and FM cost are decoupled through hierarchical optimization. At the system level, optimization ensures FM accuracy and evaluates FM speed in conjunction with FM response time. At the unit level, the focus is on economic evaluation, i.e., FM cost. The two are coordinated through dynamic capacity factor and have no direct mathematical relationship. They are evaluated at different levels to achieve an overall evaluation of FM performance.

[0205] Based on the above, this invention discloses a frequency regulation method for multiple electrochemical energy storage power stations. This method first calculates the regional active power deficit by real-time monitoring of grid frequency deviation. Second, it combines the location weight factors (grid criticality, load proximity, fault redundancy) of the electrochemical energy storage power stations participating in frequency regulation within the region to obtain grouping weight factors, thereby grouping and aggregating all electrochemical energy storage power stations to achieve collaborative optimization at the system and unit levels. Then, it collaboratively corrects the output characteristics of each electrochemical energy storage power station through real-time frequency regulation demand and state of charge (SOC), dynamically adjusting the power allocation weights of different power stations to guide the allocation of frequency regulation tasks. Next, by introducing dynamic capacity factors for charging and discharging, as well as calculating energy loss costs and lifetime depreciation costs, it constructs a frequency regulation method at the target energy storage combination level, refining the frequency adjustment commands required for individual energy storage power stations. Finally, it establishes quantitative performance indicators such as energy storage resource response deviation rate, frequency regulation response time, and unit frequency regulation cost of energy storage resources. Through these frequency regulation performance evaluation indicators, it ensures the efficiency and economy of the frequency regulation process, providing data support for subsequent optimization. The system-level optimization of this invention focuses on frequency regulation capability and dynamic capacity factor, while the unit-level optimization combines available capacity and economy to form a multi-layer collaborative framework, which effectively improves frequency regulation efficiency and grid stability. At the same time, it takes into account frequency regulation efficiency, economy and grid security, and realizes two-layer collaborative frequency regulation optimization for multiple electrochemical energy storage stations, solving the problems of slow response, high cost and insufficient stability of traditional methods.

[0206] The above text combined Figures 1-5 The active power control method for electrochemical energy storage power stations provided in the embodiments of the present invention has been described in detail below, in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 6 , Figure 7 The apparatus, equipment, and media provided in the embodiments of the present invention will be described.

[0207] Based on the frequency regulation method for multi-electrochemical energy storage power stations proposed in the above embodiments, a frequency regulation device 600 is proposed here, which includes:

[0208] Grouping module 601 is configured to obtain the location weight factor of each energy storage power station in the frequency regulation area, obtain the grouping weight factor of each energy storage power station based on the location weight factor of each energy storage power station in the frequency regulation area, and group multiple energy storage power stations in the frequency regulation area according to the grouping weight factor to obtain multiple target energy storage groups.

[0209] The calculation module 602 is configured to obtain the output characteristic parameters of all energy storage power stations in each target energy storage combination, and process them according to the output characteristic parameters of each energy storage power station to obtain a set of cluster output characteristic parameters corresponding to each target energy storage combination.

[0210] The frequency regulation module 603 is configured to obtain the total active power deficit corresponding to the frequency regulation area, and to determine the frequency regulation task of each target energy storage combination based on the cluster output characteristic parameter set and the total active power deficit; and to obtain the frequency regulation cost of the energy storage power station, and to calculate the frequency adjustment command to be executed by each energy storage power station under the target energy storage combination in combination with the frequency regulation task corresponding to each target energy storage combination, and to control each energy storage power station to perform frequency regulation operation according to the frequency adjustment command.

[0211] In some embodiments, the grouping module 601 is further configured to obtain the location information and dynamic capacity factor of each energy storage power station; determine the location weight factor of each energy storage power station based on the location information and dynamic capacity factor of each energy storage power station; obtain the current power characteristic parameters of each energy storage power station; the power characteristic parameters include at least: SOC sensitivity coefficient, response rate decay coefficient and cycle number; and calculate the grouping weight factor corresponding to each energy storage power station based on the location weight factor and power characteristic parameters.

[0212] In some embodiments, the calculation module 602 is further configured to obtain the state of charge and initial output characteristic parameters of the energy storage power stations in each target energy storage combination; correct the initial output characteristic parameters of each energy storage power station according to the state of charge to obtain output characteristic parameters; and aggregate the target energy storage combination as a unit based on the output characteristic parameters and the type of output characteristic parameters to obtain a cluster output characteristic parameter set corresponding to each target energy storage combination. The cluster output characteristic parameter set includes output characteristic parameters of different types.

[0213] In some embodiments, the calculation module 602 is further configured to: if the current state of charge is greater than or equal to a first preset value, set the first charge attenuation factor to 1 and the second charge attenuation factor to 0; if the current state of charge is less than or equal to a second preset value, set the first charge attenuation factor to 0 and the second charge attenuation factor to 1; and correct the initial output characteristic parameters according to the values ​​of the first charge attenuation factor and the second charge attenuation factor to obtain the output characteristic parameters.

[0214] In some embodiments, the frequency regulation module 603 is further configured to acquire the system frequency deviation and calculate the total active power deficit based on the system frequency deviation; based on the cluster output characteristic parameter set and the total active power deficit of each target energy storage combination, the frequency regulation task allocated to each target energy storage combination is obtained with the first-level function as the objective function and the minimum frequency regulation consumption as the constraint condition.

[0215] In some embodiments, the frequency regulation module 603 is further configured to obtain the energy loss cost, lifetime depreciation cost, and dynamic charge / discharge capacity factor of each energy storage power station; calculate the frequency regulation cost of the energy storage power station based on the energy loss cost, lifetime depreciation cost, and dynamic charge / discharge capacity factor; and, based on the frequency regulation cost of the energy storage power station in each target energy storage combination and the corresponding frequency regulation task, obtain the frequency adjustment instructions to be executed by each energy storage power station under the target energy storage combination, with the second-level function as the objective function and the minimum frequency regulation cost as the constraint.

[0216] In some embodiments, the system further includes: an evaluation module 604, which is used to obtain frequency regulation performance evaluation indicators; and to evaluate the performance of energy storage resource response deviation rate, frequency regulation response time, and unit frequency regulation cost of energy storage resources based on the frequency regulation performance evaluation indicators.

[0217] Based on the description, this invention proposes a frequency regulation device for multi-electrochemical energy storage power stations. This device achieves refined regulation of energy storage power stations by constructing a closed-loop architecture of grouping, performance aggregation, calculation, and control. The working principle of the frequency regulation device proposed in this embodiment includes: first, generating a grouping weight factor based on a location weight factor; then, clustering energy storage power stations within the frequency regulation area into multiple target energy storage combinations according to their output characteristics; next, determining the frequency regulation task corresponding to each target energy storage combination based on the total active power deficit; then, acquiring the dynamic performance parameters of energy storage and the frequency regulation cost; refining the frequency adjustment instructions for each energy storage power station within each target energy storage combination; and finally, controlling each energy storage power station to execute the corresponding frequency adjustment instructions. It is evident that this frequency regulation device improves regulation accuracy and system stability through location weight factors, grouping weight factors, and output parameter correction; it balances economy and equipment lifespan by associating dynamic capacity factors with SOC; and it adopts a hierarchical task allocation mechanism to optimize resource allocation and collaborative efficiency, providing a precise, economical, and reliable solution for grid frequency regulation.

[0218] The frequency modulation device 600 according to an embodiment of the present invention can correspond to performing the method described in the embodiment of the present invention, and the above and other operations and / or functions of each module of the frequency modulation device 600 are respectively for implementing Figure 1 The corresponding process of the method in the illustrated embodiment will not be described in detail here for the sake of brevity.

[0219] A terminal device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of a frequency regulation method for a multi-electrochemical energy storage power station as described in Example 1.

[0220] In this embodiment, as Figure 7As shown, the terminal device 500 includes a CPU 501 (Central Processing Unit), which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in ROM 502 (Read-Only Memory) or a program loaded from storage into RAM 503 (Random Access Memory). RAM 503 also stores various programs and data required for system operation. The CPU 501, ROM 502, and RAM 503 are interconnected via bus 504. An I / O interface 505 (Input / Output Interface) is also connected to bus 504.

[0221] The following components are connected to I / O interface 505: an input section 506 including a keyboard, mouse, etc.; an output section 507 including a cathode ray tube (CRT), liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., and speakers, etc.; a storage section 508 including a hard disk, etc.; and a communication section 509 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, modem, etc. The communication section 509 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. A drive is also connected to I / O interface 505 as needed. A removable medium 511, such as a disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, semiconductor memory, etc., is installed on drive 510 as needed so that computer programs read from it can be installed into storage section 508 as needed.

[0222] In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, the above-described flowchart is as follows. Figure 1 The described process can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowchart. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication component, and / or installed from a removable medium. When the computer program is executed by the central processing unit (CPU 501), it performs the functions defined in the system of the present invention.

[0223] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium shown in this invention can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination thereof. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example,—but not limited to—an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of a computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM503), read-only memory (ROM502), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In this invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In this invention, a computer-readable signal medium can include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals can take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. Computer-readable signal media can also be any computer-readable medium other than computer-readable storage media, which can send, propagate, or transmit a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wire, optical fiber, RF, etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0224] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in a block diagram or flowchart, may be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0225] The units described in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in software or hardware, and the described units can also be located in a processor. The names of these units do not necessarily limit the specific unit itself. The described units or modules can also be located in a processor; for example, a processor can be described as including a first generation module, an acquisition module, a search module, a second generation module, and a merging module. The names of these units or modules do not necessarily limit the specific unit or module itself; for example, the acquisition module can also be described as "an acquisition module for acquiring multiple instances to be probed in the base table".

[0226] The present invention also provides a computer-readable medium, which may be included in the electronic device described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the electronic device. The computer-readable medium carries one or more programs, which, when executed by the electronic device, cause the electronic device to implement a frequency regulation method for a multi-electrochemical energy storage power station as described in the above embodiments.

[0227] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific combination of the above-described technical features, but also includes other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above-described features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this invention.

Claims

1. A frequency regulation method for multi-electrochemical energy storage power stations, characterized in that, The frequency regulation method is applied to the whole-station control system, which includes at least a system layer and a unit layer that are independent yet coordinated. The system layer is used for system-level optimization of the electrochemical energy storage power station; the unit layer is used to achieve frequency regulation optimization at the unit level of electrochemical energy storage aggregation, taking into account both the available capacity of the energy storage power station and the frequency regulation cost. The method includes: Obtain the location weight factor of each energy storage power station within the frequency regulation area, and obtain the grouping weight factor of each energy storage power station based on the location weight factor of each energy storage power station within the frequency regulation area. Multiple energy storage power stations within the frequency regulation area are grouped according to the grouping weight factor to obtain multiple target energy storage combinations; The output characteristic parameters of all energy storage power stations within each target energy storage combination are obtained, and based on the output characteristic parameters of each energy storage power station, a set of cluster output characteristic parameters corresponding to each target energy storage combination is obtained. Obtain the total active power deficit corresponding to the frequency regulation area, and confirm the frequency regulation task of each target energy storage combination based on the cluster output characteristic parameter set and the total active power deficit; The frequency regulation cost of the energy storage power station is obtained, and combined with the frequency regulation task corresponding to each target energy storage combination, the frequency adjustment command to be executed by each energy storage power station under the target energy storage combination is calculated. The energy storage power station is controlled to perform frequency regulation operation according to the frequency adjustment command, so as to realize the dual-layer collaborative frequency regulation optimization at the system level and the electrochemical energy storage aggregation unit level. Obtain the output characteristic parameters of all energy storage power stations within each target energy storage combination, and based on the output characteristic parameters of each energy storage power station, process to obtain a set of cluster output characteristic parameters corresponding to each target energy storage combination, including: Obtain the state of charge and initial output characteristic parameters of the energy storage power station within each target energy storage combination; The initial output characteristic parameters of each energy storage power station are corrected according to the state of charge to obtain the output characteristic parameters; Based on the output characteristic parameters and the types of the output characteristic parameters, the target energy storage combination is aggregated as a unit to obtain the cluster output characteristic parameter set that corresponds one-to-one with each target energy storage combination. The cluster output characteristic parameter set includes different types of output characteristic parameters. The initial output characteristic parameters of each energy storage power station are corrected based on the state of charge to obtain the output characteristic parameters, including: If the current state of charge is greater than or equal to the first preset value, the first charge decay factor is set to 1 and the second charge decay factor is set to 0; if the current state of charge is less than or equal to the second preset value, the first charge decay factor is set to 0 and the second charge decay factor is set to 1; the first charge decay factor is used to constrain the charging of the energy storage station and the second charge decay factor is used to constrain the discharging of the energy storage station. The initial output characteristic parameters are corrected based on the values ​​of the first charge decay factor and the second charge decay factor to obtain the output characteristic parameters. The initial output characteristic parameters include at least: output power; The output power is corrected using the following formula to obtain the corrected output power characteristic parameter: ； In the formula, , These represent the modified target energy storage combination. z Minimum output power and maximum output power; , Representing the target energy storage combination z Inner i The minimum and maximum output power of each energy storage power station; n Represented as the target energy storage combination z The total number of energy storage power stations within the area; Represented as i The State of Charge (SOC) reference value for each energy storage power station is dynamically set as a function of the current grid frequency deviation. ; b z,i This is expressed as the first charge decay factor; a z,i This is represented as the second charge decay factor.

2. The frequency regulation method for multi-electrochemical energy storage power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtain the location weight factors of each energy storage power station within the frequency regulation area, and based on the location weight factors of each energy storage power station within the frequency regulation area, obtain the grouping weight factors of each energy storage power station, including: Obtain the location information and dynamic capacity factor of each of the energy storage power stations; Based on the location information and dynamic capacity factor of each energy storage power station, the location weight factor of each energy storage power station is determined; Obtain the current power characteristic parameters of each of the energy storage power stations; the power characteristic parameters include at least: SOC sensitivity coefficient, response rate decay coefficient, and cycle count; The grouping weight factor corresponding to each energy storage power station is calculated based on the location weight factor and the power characteristic parameters.

3. The frequency regulation method for multi-electrochemical energy storage power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtain the total active power deficit corresponding to the frequency regulation region, and based on the cluster output characteristic parameter set and the total active power deficit, confirm the frequency regulation task for each target energy storage combination, including: Obtain the system frequency deviation, and calculate the total active power deficit based on the system frequency deviation; Based on the set of cluster output characteristic parameters and total active power deficit of each target energy storage combination, the frequency regulation task assigned to each target energy storage combination is obtained by using a first-level function aimed at solving for minimum frequency regulation consumption.

4. The frequency regulation method for multi-electrochemical energy storage power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, Obtain the frequency regulation cost of the energy storage power station, and in conjunction with the frequency regulation task corresponding to each target energy storage combination, calculate the frequency adjustment instructions that each energy storage power station under the target energy storage combination needs to execute, including: Obtain the energy loss cost, lifetime depreciation cost, and dynamic charge / discharge capacity factor for each of the aforementioned energy storage power stations; The frequency regulation cost of the energy storage power station is calculated based on the energy loss cost, lifetime depreciation cost, and dynamic charge / discharge capacity factor. Based on the frequency regulation cost of each energy storage power station in the target energy storage portfolio and the corresponding frequency regulation task, the frequency adjustment instructions to be executed by each energy storage power station under the target energy storage portfolio are obtained by using a second-level function with the objective of solving for the minimum frequency regulation cost.

5. The frequency regulation method for multi-electrochemical energy storage power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: obtaining frequency regulation performance evaluation indicators; and evaluating the performance of energy storage resource response deviation rate, frequency regulation response time, and unit frequency regulation cost of energy storage resources based on the frequency regulation performance evaluation indicators.

6. A frequency regulation device for multi-electrochemical energy storage power stations, comprising the method described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The device includes: A grouping module is configured to obtain the location weight factors of each energy storage power station within a frequency regulation area, obtain the grouping weight factors of each energy storage power station based on the location weight factors of each energy storage power station within the frequency regulation area, and group multiple energy storage power stations within the frequency regulation area according to the grouping weight factors to obtain multiple target energy storage combinations. The calculation module is configured to obtain the output characteristic parameters of all energy storage power stations within each target energy storage combination, and process them according to the output characteristic parameters of each energy storage power station to obtain a set of cluster output characteristic parameters corresponding to each target energy storage combination. The frequency regulation module is configured to obtain the total active power deficit corresponding to the frequency regulation area, and determine the frequency regulation task for each target energy storage combination based on the cluster output characteristic parameter set and the total active power deficit; and to obtain the frequency regulation cost of the energy storage power station, and calculate the frequency adjustment command to be executed by each energy storage power station under the target energy storage combination in combination with the frequency regulation task corresponding to each target energy storage combination, and control each energy storage power station to perform frequency regulation operation according to the frequency adjustment command.

7. A terminal device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-5.

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