Vacuum pressurizing casting equipment and casting process based on electromagnetic anti-gravity casting

Abstract

The invention provides vacuum pressurizing casting equipment and casting process based on electromagnetic anti-gravity casting, and the casting equipment comprises a vacuum pressurizing casting machine, an electromagnetic pump, a casting forming mechanism and a driving circuit; the casting forming mechanism is arranged on the upper portion of the vacuum pressurizing casting machine, one end of the electromagnetic pump is connected with the casting forming mechanism, and the other end of the electromagnetic pump penetrates into the vacuum pressurizing casting machine and is connected with the driving circuit through a circuit in the vacuum pressurizing casting machine. According to the vacuum pressurization casting equipment based on electromagnetic anti-gravity casting and the casting process, air entrapment turbulence is eliminated, and the casting defects such as casting air holes are effectively avoided.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of casting, in particular to a vacuum pressure casting equipment based on electromagnetic counter-gravity casting and a casting process. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, when the casting equipment is performing differential pressure casting operation, liquid alloy is pressed into the mold cavity under the action of pressure, and the casting process is obtained by solidification under the action of pressure. In this casting process, due to unstable filling speed or pressure, it will lead to filling turbulence and then metal liquid will wrap gas to form bubbles, and when cooling, it will precipitate subcutaneous porosity (near surface), internal porosity (visible in section), and / or surface pinhole and other casting defects. SUMMARY

[0003] To solve the above problems, the purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a vacuum pressure casting equipment based on electromagnetic counter-gravity casting and a casting process.

[0004] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a vacuum pressure casting equipment based on electromagnetic counter-gravity casting, comprising: a vacuum pressure casting machine, an electromagnetic pump, a casting forming mechanism and a driving circuit;

[0005] The casting forming mechanism is arranged at the upper part of the vacuum pressure casting machine, one end of the electromagnetic pump is connected with the casting forming mechanism, the other end of the electromagnetic pump is deeply immersed into the vacuum pressure casting machine, and the other end of the electromagnetic pump is connected with the driving circuit through the line in the vacuum pressure casting machine.

[0006] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application also provide a casting process of a vacuum pressure casting equipment based on electromagnetic counter-gravity casting, using the vacuum pressure casting equipment based on electromagnetic counter-gravity casting in the first aspect, the casting process comprises:

[0007] When the electromagnetic pump and the casting forming mechanism are in the connected and sealed state, the metal liquid for casting is added into the aluminum liquid tank;

[0008] The lifting driving oil cylinder is controlled to lift the pressurized sealing cabin, so that the cavity of the casting forming mechanism, the feeding riser, the graphite liquid lifting pipe and the pressurized sealing cabin are in the connected and sealed state, and the electromagnetic pump is not in contact with the aluminum liquid tank;

[0009] The casting forming mechanism is controlled to perform the operation of vacuumizing;

[0010] The electromagnetic pump is completely immersed in the metal liquid in the aluminum liquid tank, and then the die casting filling of the casting is performed;

[0011] After the die casting of the casting is completed, the electromagnetic pump is separated from the aluminum liquid tank, so that the electromagnetic pump is no longer soaked in the molten metal in the aluminum liquid tank.

[0012] In the scheme provided by the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application, compared with the way that in the related art, the casting process produces filling turbulence, which causes the metal liquid to wrap gas to form bubbles, and when cooled, pores and other casting defects are precipitated, the electromagnetic pump adopts a vacuum electromagnetic filling mold cavity structure, which eliminates the gas turbulence and effectively avoids the occurrence of casting defects such as pores in the casting.

[0013] In the scheme provided by the second aspect of the embodiment of the present application, in the casting process, the electromagnetic pump is completely soaked in the molten metal in the aluminum liquid tank before the die casting of the casting is performed, and after the die casting of the casting is completed, the electromagnetic pump is separated from the aluminum liquid tank, so that the electromagnetic pump is no longer soaked in the molten metal in the aluminum liquid tank, which avoids the defect that the electromagnetic components in the electromagnetic pump are easily damaged due to long-term soaking in the high-temperature molten metal, improves the service life of the electromagnetic components, and ensures the operation stability of the electromagnetic anti-gravity casting vacuum pressure casting equipment; and without the need to additionally configure a heating and heat preservation device in the electromagnetic anti-gravity casting vacuum pressure casting equipment, the electromagnetic anti-gravity casting vacuum pressure casting equipment has the characteristics of convenient maintenance and low cost.

[0014] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the following preferred embodiments are described in detail below, and the accompanying drawings are described as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiment or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0016] Figure 1 A structure schematic diagram of an electromagnetic anti-gravity casting vacuum pressure casting equipment provided by the embodiment 1 of the present application is shown;

[0017] Figure 2 A structure schematic diagram of a vacuum pressure casting machine provided by the embodiment 1 of the present application is shown;

[0018] Figure 3 A structure schematic diagram of a cleaning mechanism provided by the embodiment 1 of the present application is shown;

[0019] Figure 4A flow chart of a casting process based on the electromagnetic counter-gravity casting vacuum pressurized casting equipment provided in Embodiment 2 of the present application is shown.

[0020] Icon: 1, vacuum pressurized casting machine; 2, electromagnetic pump; 3, casting forming mechanism; 11, positioning rack; 12, lifting drive oil cylinder; 13, bearing workbench; 14, pressurized sealing cabin; 15, cleaning mechanism; 16, guide rod; 141, aluminum liquid tank; 142, jacking oil cylinder; 1421, bearing table; 143, pressurized protective shell; 144, electromagnetic valve; 145, sealing pressure ring; 146, air guide port; 147, sealing groove; 148, guide top rod; 149, guide balance column; 151, mounting base; 152, telescopic push rod; 153, flexible brush head; 154, rotary drive unit; 155, pressure sensor; 156, stroke limiter; 157, spring buffer mechanism; 21, high-temperature-resistant ceramic conical sleeve; 22, graphite liquid lifting pipe; 23, electromagnetic coil; 24, electrode contact; 31, lower mold base; 32, forming upper mold; 33, vacuum valve; 34, feeding riser. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In the description of the present application, it needs to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements indicated must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0022] In addition, the terms "first", "second" are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited.

[0023] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] At present, when the casting equipment is performing differential pressure casting operation, liquid alloy is pressed into the mold cavity under the action of pressure, and the casting process is obtained by solidification under the action of pressure. In this casting process, due to unstable filling speed or pressure, it will lead to filling turbulence and then metal liquid will wrap gas to form bubbles, and when cooling, it will precipitate subcutaneous porosity (near surface), internal porosity (visible in cross section), and / or surface pinhole and other casting defects.

[0025] Based on this, the following embodiments of the present application propose a vacuum pressure casting equipment and casting process based on electromagnetic countergravity casting, by setting an electromagnetic pump in the casting equipment, the electromagnetic pump adopts a vacuum electromagnetic filling mold cavity structure, which eliminates gas turbulence and effectively avoids the occurrence of casting defects such as casting porosity; Moreover, in the casting process, before the pressure casting of the casting is performed, the electromagnetic pump is completely immersed in the metal liquid in the aluminum liquid tank, and after the pressure casting of the casting is completed, the electromagnetic pump is separated from the aluminum liquid tank, so that the electromagnetic pump is no longer immersed in the metal liquid in the aluminum liquid tank, avoiding the defect that the electromagnetic components in the electromagnetic pump are easily damaged due to long-term immersion in high-temperature metal liquid, improving the service life of the electromagnetic components, and ensuring the operation stability of the vacuum pressure casting equipment based on electromagnetic countergravity casting.

[0026] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] Referring to Figure 1 The present embodiment proposes a structure diagram of a vacuum pressure casting machine, and referring to Figure 2 The present embodiment proposes a vacuum pressure casting equipment based on electromagnetic countergravity casting, including: a vacuum pressure casting machine 1, an electromagnetic pump 2, a casting forming mechanism 3 and a driving circuit.

[0029] The casting forming mechanism 3 is arranged at the upper part of the vacuum pressure casting machine 1, one end of the electromagnetic pump 2 is connected with the casting forming mechanism 3, the other end of the electromagnetic pump 2 is deeply immersed into the vacuum pressure casting machine 1, and the line in the vacuum pressure casting machine 1 is connected with the driving circuit.

[0030] Specifically, the electromagnetic pump 2 includes: a high-temperature-resistant ceramic conical sleeve 21, a graphite liquid lifting pipe 22, an electromagnetic coil 23 and an electrode contact 24.

[0031] The high-temperature ceramic conical sleeve 21 is wrapped outside one end of the graphite riser tube 22, and the other end of the graphite riser tube 22 is connected with the casting forming mechanism 3; the end of the graphite riser tube 22 wrapped with the high-temperature ceramic conical sleeve 21 is further embedded with the electromagnetic coil 23 and the electrode contact 24; the end of the graphite riser tube 22 embedded with the electromagnetic coil 23 and the electrode contact 24 is deep into the vacuum pressurized casting machine 1 and connected with the driving circuit through the line in the vacuum pressurized casting machine 1.

[0032] The high-temperature ceramic conical sleeve 21 is coaxial with the axis of the graphite riser tube 22; the electromagnetic coil 23 and the electrode contact 24 embedded on the graphite riser tube 22 are located on the inner side surface of the high-temperature ceramic conical sleeve 21 and flush with the inner side surface of the high-temperature ceramic conical sleeve 21.

[0033] Specifically, the casting forming mechanism 3 comprises a lower die base 31, a forming upper die 32, and a vacuum valve 33.

[0034] The lower die base 31 is arranged at the upper part of the vacuum pressurized casting machine 1, and the forming upper die 32 is arranged on the lower die base 31; one end of the graphite riser tube 22 not embedded with the electromagnetic coil 23 and the electrode contact 24 is connected with the lower die base 31; the forming upper die 32 is symmetrically provided with at least two feeding risers 34; each of the at least two feeding risers 34 is respectively provided with a vacuum valve 33, and each of the feeding risers 34 is connected with an external vacuumizing device through the vacuum valve 33 arranged thereon.

[0035] The lower die base 31 is provided with a nested hole coaxially connected with the electromagnetic pump 2 through the graphite riser tube 22, and is provided with a plurality of pin holes and limiting devices connected and positioned with the overall casting equipment.

[0036] Here, the types and shapes of the lower die base 31 and the forming upper die 32 in the casting forming mechanism 3 are not limited.

[0037] Specifically, the vacuum pressurized casting machine 1 comprises a positioning frame 11, two lifting drive oil cylinders 12, a bearing workbench 13, a pressurized sealing cabin 14, a cleaning mechanism 15, and a guide rod 16.

[0038] The two lifting drive oil cylinders 12 are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the positioning frame 11, and each of the two lifting drive oil cylinders 12 is respectively slidably connected with a different guide rod 16 at one end of the bottom of the positioning frame 11, and each of the lifting drive oil cylinders 12 is respectively connected with the bearing workbench 13 through a positioning pin at one end of the top of the positioning frame 11.

[0039] The upper end surface of the bearing workbench 13 is fixedly connected with the pressurized sealed cabin 14 through positioning pins and coaxially distributed; the cleaning mechanism 15 is arranged in the pressurized sealed cabin 14.

[0040] The pressurized sealed cabin 14 is further provided with the line connected with the driving circuit, one end of the graphite liquid lifting pipe 22 embedded with the electromagnetic coil 23 and the electrode contact 24 is deeply arranged in the pressurized sealed cabin 14 and connected with the line, so as to be connected with the driving circuit through the line.

[0041] The axis of the cleaning mechanism 15 is perpendicular to the axis of the pressurized sealed cabin 14.

[0042] Specifically, the pressurized sealed cabin 14 comprises an aluminum liquid tank 141, a jacking oil cylinder 142, a bearing table 1421, a pressurized protective shell 143, an electromagnetic valve 144 and a guide top rod 148.

[0043] The pressurized protective shell 143 is arranged on the bearing workbench 13.

[0044] The aluminum liquid tank 141 is arranged in the pressurized protective shell 143, at least one air guide port 146 is arranged on the sidewall of the pressurized protective shell 143, the electromagnetic valve 144 is arranged on the air guide port 146, a sealing groove 147 is arranged on the bottom surface of the pressurized protective shell 143; the bearing table 1421 is arranged at the bottom of the aluminum liquid tank 141; one end of the jacking oil cylinder 142 is connected with the bearing table 1421, the other end of the jacking oil cylinder 142 sequentially passes through the bottom of the pressurized protective shell 143, the sealing groove 147, the bearing workbench 13 and the positioning rack 11; the guide top rod 148 is sleeved on the end of the jacking oil cylinder 142 sequentially passing through the bottom of the pressurized protective shell 143, the sealing groove 147, the bearing workbench 13 and the positioning rack 11; the jacking oil cylinder 142 is slidably connected with the bearing table 1421 through the guide top rod 148.

[0045] The aluminum liquid tank 141 is coaxially arranged with the bottom of the pressurized protective shell 143; the bearing table 1421 is perpendicular to the aluminum liquid tank 141; a sealing flange is arranged between the end of the jacking oil cylinder 142 connected with the bearing table 1421 and the bearing table 1421.

[0046] Further, the pressurized sealed cabin 14 further comprises a sealing pressure ring 145 and a plurality of guide balance columns 149.

[0047] The molten aluminum tank 141 and the pressurized protective shell 143 are both groove-shaped structures with a "N" shaped axial section; the molten aluminum tank 141 is provided with a plurality of guide balance columns 149 at the top opening; and the pressurized protective shell 143 is provided with the sealing pressure ring 145 at the top opening.

[0048] Referring to Figure 3 As shown in the structural schematic diagram of the cleaning mechanism, in the electromagnetic anti-gravity vacuum pressurized casting equipment, the cleaning mechanism 15 comprises a mounting base 151, a telescopic push rod 152, a flexible brush head 153 and a rotary drive unit 154.

[0049] The mounting base 151 is fixed to the pressurized protective shell 143 and connected with the telescopic push rod 152; the mounting base 151 is used to provide stable support for the telescopic push rod 152. The rotary drive unit 154 is arranged on the piston end head of the telescopic push rod 152, and the flexible brush head 153 is fixedly arranged on the rotary drive unit 154; the telescopic push rod 152 enables the flexible brush head 153 to perform telescopic motion; and the rotary drive unit 154 enables the flexible brush head 153 to perform rotary motion.

[0050] The rotary drive unit 154 can drive the flexible brush head 153 to rotate, thereby improving the cleaning efficiency.

[0051] Further, the cleaning mechanism 15 further comprises a pressure sensor 155, a stroke limiter 156 and a spring buffering mechanism 157.

[0052] The pressure sensor 155, the stroke limiter 156 and the spring buffering mechanism 157 are respectively fixedly arranged on the piston end head of the telescopic push rod 152, and the pressure sensor 155 is further connected with the flexible brush head 153.

[0053] The pressure sensor 155 is used to monitor the pressure received by the flexible brush head 153 in real time and send the monitored pressure to the driving circuit; the driving circuit adjusts the telescopic distance of the telescopic push rod 152 and the rotary speed of the rotary drive unit 154 according to the pressure received by the flexible brush head 153, thereby improving the cleaning degree of the cleaning mechanism 15.

[0054] The stroke limiter 156 is used to limit the telescopic range of the telescopic push rod 152, so as to prevent the flexible brush head 153 from being excessively pressed or separated.

[0055] The spring buffering mechanism 157 is used to assist in adjusting the pressure received by the flexible brush head 153 and absorbing impact, thereby avoiding damage of the flexible brush head 153 caused by hard contact.

[0056] The flexible brush head 153 uses stainless steel wire or carbon steel wire as the bristle material, which has corrosion resistance and high elasticity. The diameter of the bristles is between 0.1 mm and 0.5 mm, and the bristles are arranged in a radial or spiral manner to enhance the cleaning coverage of the flexible brush head 153. The flexible brush head 153 is designed in layers, with the outer layer of soft bristles for preliminary cleaning and the inner layer of hard bristles for removing stubborn stains.

[0057] The driving circuit is located in the main control box of the vacuum pressure casting machine 1 and is electrically connected with the lifting driving oil cylinder 12, the jacking oil cylinder 142, the vacuum valve 33, the electromagnetic valve 144, the cleaning mechanism 15, the casting forming mechanism 3, the electromagnetic pump 2, and the circuit system of the vacuum pressure casting machine 1.

[0058] In one embodiment, the driving circuit is a circuit system based on a programmable controller, and the driving circuit further includes a serial communication circuit.

[0059] In related technologies, the casting method relies heavily on pressure compensation, and it is easy for the liquid metal to fail to compensate for solidification shrinkage. In industrial scenarios, especially in thick parts of the casting, the remote liquid metal cannot effectively compensate for the slow solidification, thereby causing casting defects such as concentrated shrinkage (macroscopic voids) and dispersed shrinkage (microscopic porosity, reducing mechanical properties). For aluminum alloy A356, which has a large solidification shrinkage, it is more prone to shrinkage. In the electromagnetic counter-gravity casting vacuum pressure casting equipment proposed in the present embodiment, the casting forming mechanism is configured with a compensation riser, and the pressure is only used for pressurization and compensation, effectively eliminating the shrinkage and shrinkage defects of the casting.

[0060] Moreover, in related technologies, due to long pressure retention, a large amount of oxide skin formed by the high-temperature alloy liquid during the casting process enters the mold along with the liquid pipe, thereby forming oxidation inclusions in the casting. The existing methods, whether using a ceramic filter or strictly cleaning the mold, cannot avoid this problem. In the electromagnetic counter-gravity casting vacuum pressure casting equipment proposed in the present embodiment, a flexible and retractable cleaning mechanism is used to clean the oxidation inclusions formed in the casting during the casting process, which can effectively avoid the oxidation inclusion defects of the casting and ensure the stable and continuous operation of the equipment.

[0061] Furthermore, in the related art, for the casting equipment, a single power source needs to keep the molten metal in the riser pipe in a molten state at all times, thereby causing the metal liquid to easily backflow due to insufficient driving force during the casting process, the metal liquid cannot effectively meet the needs of the fine structure and thin-walled structure casting forming operation, and further seriously affects the product quality and application range of the casting operation process. In addition, it also causes poor running state stability of the power source, high equipment failure rate, and seriously affects the working efficiency, processing quality and equipment operation and maintenance cost of the operation process. The electromagnetic anti-gravity casting vacuum pressure casting equipment proposed in the embodiment solves the problems caused by the single power source.

[0062] Compared with the related art, the electromagnetic anti-gravity casting vacuum pressure casting equipment proposed in the embodiment has high system integration and modularization, on the one hand, can effectively provide the working efficiency and quality of the vacuum pressure casting operation, and overcome the quality defects caused by collapse due to metal liquid cooling; on the other hand, can effectively clean the electrode of the electromagnetic pump for liquid on the vacuum pressure casting machine, and overcome the defects of poor running stability of the electromagnetic pump, high failure rate, and serious influence on the service life of the electromagnetic pump caused by electrode pollution of the electromagnetic pump.

[0063] In summary, the electromagnetic anti-gravity casting vacuum pressure casting equipment proposed in the embodiment, by setting the electromagnetic pump in the casting equipment, compared with the way of forming casting defects such as gas bubble caused by gas entrainment turbulence and gas hole caused by cooling in the related art casting process, the electromagnetic pump adopts a vacuum electromagnetic filling mold cavity structure, which eliminates the gas turbulence and effectively avoids the casting defects such as gas hole of the casting.

[0064] Embodiment 2

[0065] Before performing the casting process based on the electromagnetic anti-gravity casting vacuum pressure casting equipment, the electromagnetic anti-gravity casting vacuum pressure casting equipment needs to be assembled first. The assembly process includes: first, installing and positioning the vacuum pressure casting machine, the pressure sealing cabin, the cleaning mechanism, the lifting drive oil cylinder, and the jacking oil cylinder; second, installing the casting forming mechanism and assembling the electromagnetic pump, so that the upper end surface of the graphite riser pipe of the electromagnetic pump is in communication with the lower die base of the casting forming mechanism, the graphite riser pipe is connected with the electrode contact and the electromagnetic coil, and then connected with the driving circuit, then the high-temperature-resistant ceramic conical sleeve is nested from the lower end surface, and the related sealing components are installed; finally, installing the vacuum valve and the electromagnetic valve, and electrically connecting the circuit system, connecting the overall equipment to the pressure system and the vacuum system, debugging the cooperative operation between the mechanisms, and completing the assembly operation of the electromagnetic anti-gravity casting vacuum pressure casting equipment after debugging.

[0066] After the assembly operation of the electromagnetic counter-gravity casting vacuum pressurized casting equipment is completed, referring to Figure 4 The embodiment provides a casting process based on the electromagnetic counter-gravity casting vacuum pressurized casting equipment. The casting process based on the electromagnetic counter-gravity casting vacuum pressurized casting equipment is used for the electromagnetic counter-gravity casting vacuum pressurized casting equipment provided in Embodiment 1, and comprises the following specific steps.

[0067] Step 400: When the electromagnetic pump and the casting forming mechanism are in the connected and sealed state, the molten metal tank is filled with molten metal.

[0068] In the step 400, in order to make the electromagnetic pump and the casting forming mechanism be in the connected and sealed state, the following steps can be performed.

[0069] The casting forming mechanism vacuum valve is closed, and the pressurized sealing cabin electromagnetic valve is closed, so that the electromagnetic pump and the casting forming mechanism are in the connected and sealed state.

[0070] In addition, when the electromagnetic pump and the casting forming mechanism are in the connected and sealed state, the cleaning mechanism is in the recycling state, that is, the cleaning mechanism is in the non-cleaning state.

[0071] Step 402: The lifting drive oil cylinder is controlled to lift the pressurized sealing cabin, so that the cavity of the casting forming mechanism, the feeding riser, the graphite liquid lifting pipe and the pressurized sealing cabin are in the connected and sealed state, and the electromagnetic pump is not in contact with the molten metal tank.

[0072] In the step 402, the lifting drive oil cylinder is controlled to lift the pressurized sealing cabin, so that the cavity of the casting forming mechanism, the feeding riser, the graphite liquid lifting pipe and the pressurized sealing cabin are in the connected and sealed state.

[0073] Step 404: The casting forming mechanism is controlled to perform the vacuumizing operation.

[0074] In the step 404, the two vacuum valves of the casting forming mechanism are controlled to perform the vacuumizing operation, the vacuum degree of the connected cavity is kept at-0.05 to-0.09 MPA, and the vacuum valve is closed, so that the vacuumizing operation is completed.

[0075] The connected cavity refers to the cavity formed by the cavity of the casting forming mechanism, the feeding riser, the graphite liquid lifting pipe and the pressurized sealing cabin in the sealed state.

[0076] Step 406: The electromagnetic pump is completely immersed in the molten metal in the molten metal tank, and then the die casting of the casting is performed.

[0077] In step 406, in order to immerse the electromagnetic pump into the molten metal in the aluminum tank, the lifting oil cylinder is controlled to operate, and the aluminum tank is lifted to a preset height, so that the lower section of the graphite riser is 2-3 cm away from the bottom surface of the aluminum tank, and the electromagnetic pump is completely immersed in the molten metal.

[0078] The molten metal can be molten aluminum.

[0079] In the pressure casting of the casting, the electromagnetic pump driving circuit is started, a direct current with a current density of 5-8 A / cm2 passes through the molten aluminum, interacts with the electromagnetic coil to generate a Lorentz force, and fills the cavity at a flow rate of 0.1-0.6 m3 / h, thereby completing the pressure casting of the casting.

[0080] After step 406, the following steps can be further performed:

[0081] The electromagnetic valve of the pressurized sealed cabin is started to communicate with the external air pump, and is pressurized to 0.15-0.3 MPa, and is kept for 1-3 minutes, so as to eliminate casting defects such as shrinkage and shrinkage hole by pressure boosting and compression. After pressurization, the driving circuit of the electromagnetic pump is closed.

[0082] Step 408, after the pressure casting of the casting is completed, the electromagnetic pump is separated from the aluminum tank, so that the electromagnetic pump is no longer immersed in the molten metal in the aluminum tank.

[0083] In step 408, in order to separate the electromagnetic pump from the aluminum tank, so that the electromagnetic pump is no longer immersed in the molten metal in the aluminum tank, the following steps can be performed: the electromagnetic valve is closed after the pressure keeping is completed, the vacuum valve of the casting forming mechanism is depressurized, and the un-solidified molten aluminum in the graphite riser flows back to the aluminum tank; then the lifting oil cylinder operates to lower the height of the pressurized sealed cabin, so that the electromagnetic pump is separated from the aluminum tank, so that the electromagnetic pump is no longer immersed in the molten metal in the aluminum tank.

[0084] Step 410, the cleaning mechanism is controlled to clean the residual oxides in the graphite riser of the electromagnetic pump.

[0085] After step 410 is completed, the pressurized sealed cabin is depressurized, the mold is opened, and the product is taken out, thereby realizing cyclic manufacturing.

[0086] In summary, the casting process based on the electromagnetic anti-gravity casting vacuum pressure casting equipment proposed in the embodiment, before the pressure casting of the casting is performed, the electromagnetic pump is completely immersed in the metal liquid in the aluminum liquid tank, and after the pressure casting of the casting is completed, the electromagnetic pump is separated from the aluminum liquid tank, so that the electromagnetic pump is no longer immersed in the metal liquid in the aluminum liquid tank, avoiding the defect that the electromagnetic components in the electromagnetic pump are easily damaged due to long-term immersion in high-temperature metal liquid, improving the service life of the electromagnetic components, and ensuring the operation stability of the electromagnetic anti-gravity casting vacuum pressure casting equipment. Moreover, it is not necessary to additionally configure a heating and heat preservation device in the electromagnetic anti-gravity casting vacuum pressure casting equipment, and the device has the characteristics of convenient maintenance and low cost.

[0087] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed in the present application, which should be covered in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic counter-gravity casting vacuum pressurized casting apparatus based on, characterized by, The application relates to a vacuum pressure casting machine, an electromagnetic pump, a casting forming mechanism and a driving circuit. The casting forming mechanism is arranged at the upper portion of the vacuum pressure casting machine, one end of the electromagnetic pump is connected with the casting forming mechanism, the other end of the electromagnetic pump is deeply arranged in the vacuum pressure casting machine, and the other end of the electromagnetic pump is connected with the driving circuit through a line in the vacuum pressure casting machine. The electromagnetic pump comprises a high-temperature-resistant ceramic conical sleeve, a graphite liquid lifting pipe, an electromagnetic coil and an electrode contact point.

2. The electromagnetic counterbalance casting vacuum pressurized casting apparatus based on electromagnetic countergravity casting according to claim 1, characterized by, The high-temperature-resistant ceramic conical sleeve is arranged outside one end of the graphite liquid lifting pipe, and the other end of the graphite liquid lifting pipe is connected with the casting forming mechanism. The one end of the graphite liquid lifting pipe, which is covered with the high-temperature-resistant ceramic conical sleeve, is further embedded with the electromagnetic coil and the electrode contact point. The one end of the graphite liquid lifting pipe, which is embedded with the electromagnetic coil and the electrode contact point, is deeply arranged in the vacuum pressure casting machine and connected with the driving circuit through the line in the vacuum pressure casting machine. The casting forming mechanism comprises a lower die base, a forming upper die and a vacuum valve.

3. The electromagnetic counterbalance casting vacuum pressurized casting apparatus based on electromagnetic countergravity casting according to claim 2, characterized by, The lower die base is arranged at the upper portion of the vacuum pressure casting machine, and the forming upper die is arranged on the lower die base. The one end of the graphite liquid lifting pipe, which is not embedded with the electromagnetic coil and the electrode contact point, is connected with the lower die base. The forming upper die is symmetrically provided with at least two feeding risers, each of the feeding risers is provided with a vacuum valve, and each of the feeding risers is connected with an external vacuumizing device through the vacuum valve. The vacuum pressure casting machine comprises a positioning frame, two lifting driving oil cylinders, a bearing workbench, a pressurizing sealed cabin, a cleaning mechanism and guide rods.

4. The electromagnetic counterbalance casting vacuum pressurized casting apparatus based on the electromagnetic counterbalance casting vacuum pressurized casting apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by, The two lifting driving oil cylinders are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the positioning frame, and each of the two lifting driving oil cylinders is slidably connected with a different guide rod at one end of the bottom of the positioning frame and connected with the bearing workbench through a positioning pin at one end of the top of the positioning frame. The upper end surface of the bearing workbench is fixedly connected with the pressurizing sealed cabin through a positioning pin and coaxially arranged with the pressurizing sealed cabin. The pressurizing sealed cabin is further provided with the line connected with the driving circuit, and the one end of the graphite liquid lifting pipe, which is embedded with the electromagnetic coil and the electrode contact point, is deeply arranged in the pressurizing sealed cabin and connected with the line, so as to be connected with the driving circuit through the line. The pressurizing sealed cabin comprises an aluminum liquid tank, a lifting oil cylinder, a bearing table, a pressurizing protective shell, an electromagnetic valve and a guide rod.

5. The electromagnetic counterbalance casting vacuum pressurized casting apparatus based on the electromagnetic counterbalance casting according to claim 4, characterized by, The pressurizing protective shell is arranged on the bearing workbench. The aluminum liquid tank is arranged in the pressurizing protective shell, at least one air guide port is arranged on the side wall of the pressurizing protective shell, the electromagnetic valve is arranged on the air guide port, and a sealing groove is arranged on the bottom surface of the pressurizing protective shell. The bearing table is arranged at the bottom of the aluminum liquid tank. ​ One end of the jacking oil cylinder is connected with the bearing table, and the other end of the jacking oil cylinder sequentially passes through the bottom of the pressurized protective shell, the sealing groove, the bearing workbench and the positioning rack; The guide top rod sleeve is arranged on one end of the jacking oil cylinder sequentially passing through the bottom of the pressurized protective shell, the sealing groove, the bearing workbench and the positioning rack; The jacking oil cylinder is slidably connected with the bearing table through the guide top rod.

6. The electromagnetic counterbalance casting vacuum pressurized casting apparatus based on the electromagnetic counterbalance casting according to claim 5, characterized by, The pressurized sealing cabin further comprises a sealing pressure ring and a plurality of guide balance columns; The aluminum liquid tank and the pressurized protective shell are both groove-shaped structures with a "N" shape in axial section; A plurality of guide balance columns are arranged at the top opening of the aluminum liquid tank; The sealing pressure ring is arranged at the top opening of the pressurized protective shell.

7. The electromagnetic counterbalance casting vacuum pressurized casting apparatus based on the electromagnetic counterbalance casting according to claim 5, characterized by, The cleaning mechanism comprises a mounting base, a telescopic push rod, a flexible brush head and a rotary driving unit; The mounting base is fixed on the pressurized protective shell and connected with the telescopic push rod, and is used to provide stable support for the telescopic push rod; The rotary driving unit is arranged on the piston end head of the telescopic push rod, and the flexible brush head is fixedly arranged on the rotary driving unit; The telescopic push rod enables the flexible brush head to perform telescopic movement, and the rotary driving unit enables the flexible brush head to perform rotary movement.

8. The electromagnetic counterbalance casting vacuum pressurized casting apparatus based on the electromagnetic counterbalance casting according to claim 7, characterized by, The cleaning mechanism further comprises a pressure sensor, a stroke limiter and a spring buffer mechanism; The pressure sensor, the stroke limiter and the spring buffer mechanism are respectively fixedly arranged on the piston end head of the telescopic push rod, and the pressure sensor is further connected with the flexible brush head; The pressure sensor is used to monitor the pressure received by the flexible brush head in real time; The stroke limiter is used to limit the telescopic range of the telescopic push rod to prevent the flexible brush head from being excessively pressed or separated; The spring buffer mechanism is used to assist in adjusting the pressure received by the flexible brush head and absorbing impact.

9. A casting process based on electromagnetic counter-gravity casting vacuum pressurized casting equipment, using the electromagnetic counter-gravity casting vacuum pressurized casting equipment according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The casting process comprises: When the electromagnetic pump and the casting forming mechanism are in a connected and sealed state, metal liquid for casting is filled into the aluminum liquid tank; The lifting driving oil cylinder is controlled to lift the pressurized sealing cabin, so that the cavity of the casting forming mechanism, the feeding riser, the graphite liquid lifting pipe and the pressurized sealing cabin are in a connected and sealed state, and the electromagnetic pump is not in contact with the aluminum liquid tank; The casting forming mechanism is controlled to perform vacuumizing operation; The electromagnetic pump is completely immersed in the metal liquid in the aluminum liquid tank, and then pressure casting of the casting is performed; After the pressure casting of the casting is completed, the electromagnetic pump is separated from the aluminum liquid tank, so that the electromagnetic pump is no longer immersed in the metal liquid in the aluminum liquid tank.

10. The casting process of claim 9, wherein, After the step of separating the electromagnetic pump from the aluminum liquid tank after the pressure casting of the casting is completed, so that the electromagnetic pump is no longer immersed in the metal liquid in the aluminum liquid tank, the method further comprises: The cleaning mechanism is controlled to clean the residual oxides in the graphite liquid lifting pipe of the electromagnetic pump.

Images