Device and method for measuring planeness error of machine tool guide rail by using upper surface of liquid pool

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool guide rail detection. The invention provides a device and a method for measuring planeness error of a machine tool guide rail by using an upper surface of a liquid pool, and the device comprises an adjustable support frame, a support table, a rotary table, a line laser transmitter, the upper surface of the liquid pool, a detection table, a sliding block, the machine tool guide rail, a scale plate, a rotating shaft and a telescopic support, a supporting table is fixed to the top end of an adjustable supporting frame, a rotary table is fixedly installed on the supporting table and connected with a line laser transmitter through a connecting piece, the upper surface of a liquid pool is arranged on the plane ground, a detection table is placed above the upper surface of the liquid pool, a sliding groove is formed below the detection table, a sliding block is installed on the sliding groove, and a machine tool guide rail is connected with the sliding block. The telescopic support is arranged on the plane ground, the top end of the telescopic support is connected with the scale plate through a rotating shaft, and a plane coordinate system and main scale lines are established on the scale plate. The upper surface of the liquid pool is matched with the scale plate and the line laser transmitter, deformation of the machine tool guide rail is visually reflected on the scale plate, and the detection cost is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] Embodiments of the present application generally relate to the technical field of machine tool guide rail detection, and in particular, to an apparatus and method for measuring machine tool guide rail flatness error using a liquid pool upper surface. BACKGROUND

[0002] Flatness error refers to the variation of a measured surface relative to its ideal plane, and is a key indicator for measuring surface geometric accuracy. In the field of mechanical manufacturing, flatness error directly relates to the assembly quality, sealing performance and operational reliability of equipment. For example, if the flatness error of the surface of a machine tool guide rail is too large, it will affect the smoothness of mechanical transmission, cause errors in the machining process of a workpiece, and in severe cases, cause vibration and noise during equipment operation, thereby reducing the service life of the equipment. Therefore, the measurement of the flatness of a machine tool guide rail is crucial.

[0003] At the present stage, flatness error of a machine tool guide rail is generally measured by manual measurement or optical instrument measurement. For example, the conventional manual measurement method of dial gauge is to align the dial gauge head with the machine tool guide rail, and move the dial gauge seat on the reference platform. The flatness error of the reference platform will be directly superimposed on the measurement result of the machine tool guide rail, resulting in measurement error. The optical instrument measurement method, such as autocollimator, is to place a reflector on the machine tool guide rail, adjust the autocollimator to center the light spot, and measure the angle change by sliding the reflector to indirectly calculate the height deviation. This method is accurate but expensive.

[0004] In summary, the existing measurement techniques are either subject to reference error and manual intervention, or rely on high-cost equipment, and it is difficult to balance the demand for high efficiency, low cost and high precision. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new machine tool guide rail flatness error measurement scheme to break through the bottleneck of existing technology. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above problems, the present application uses the upper surface of a liquid pool in combination with a scale plate and a line laser emitter. By changing the angle of the scale plate and the line laser emitter, the height error of the machine tool guide rail can be amplified and presented on the scale plate, which is convenient for visual observation or reading with an instrument. During the movement of the machine tool guide rail, the light band on the scale plate also changes, allowing the height error of the machine tool guide rail to be observed directly. The height error of the machine tool guide rail is then spliced into flatness error data for the entire machine tool guide rail according to the interval of the movement of the machine tool guide rail, simplifying the detection process and reducing the detection cost.

[0006] According to embodiments of the present application, an apparatus and method for measuring machine tool guide rail flatness error using a liquid pool upper surface are provided.

[0007] In a first aspect of the present application, an apparatus for measuring machine tool guide rail flatness error using a liquid pool upper surface is provided. The apparatus comprises: A laser emitting device includes: an adjustable support frame, a support platform, a turntable, and a line laser emitter. The adjustable support frame is placed on a flat ground. The support platform is fixed to the top of the adjustable support frame. The turntable is fixedly installed on the support platform. The turntable is connected to the line laser emitter through a connector. The testing device includes: an upper surface of a liquid pool, a testing platform, a slider, and a machine tool guide rail. The upper surface of the liquid pool is placed on a flat ground. The testing platform is placed above the upper surface of the liquid pool. A sliding groove is provided below the testing platform. The slider is installed on the sliding groove. The machine tool guide rail is connected to the slider. The testing platform includes telescopic legs. An imaging device includes: a scale plate, a rotating shaft, and a telescopic support. The telescopic support is placed on a flat ground. The top of the telescopic support is connected to the scale plate through the rotating shaft. A planar coordinate system and main scale lines are established on the scale plate. The laser emitting device, the detection device, and the imaging device are arranged in sequence.

[0008] Furthermore, the laser emitting device also includes a horizontal slide rail and a horizontal slide table. The horizontal slide rail is installed on a flat ground, the horizontal slide table is installed on the horizontal slide rail, and the end of the adjustable support frame is fixedly installed on the horizontal slide table.

[0009] Furthermore, the laser emitting device also includes a first servo motor, a first servo driver, and a first encoder assembly. The first servo motor and the first servo driver are mounted on the detection stage, the first encoder assembly is fixedly mounted on the first servo motor, and the first servo motor is fixedly connected to the turntable.

[0010] Furthermore, the detection device also includes a second servo motor, a second servo driver, a second encoder assembly, and a ball screw. One end of the ball screw is fixedly connected to the center of the slider, and the other end of the ball screw is connected to the second servo motor. The second encoder assembly is mounted on the second servo motor, and the second servo driver is placed on the detection stage.

[0011] Furthermore, a left limiting block is provided at the left end of the slide groove, and a right limiting block is provided at the right end of the slide groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the rotating shaft is provided with several limiting holes 35 and a positioning pin.

[0013] In a second aspect of the invention, a method for measuring the flatness error of a machine tool guideway using the upper surface of a liquid pool is provided. The method includes: Step S01: Adjust the position of the horizontal slide table on the horizontal slide rail so that the horizontal distance between the line laser emitter and the center of the detection stage meets the measurement requirements of the machine tool guide rail; the first servo motor drives the line laser emitter to rotate and adjusts the height of the line laser emitter so that the line laser emitted by the line laser emitter meets the measurement requirements; adjust the height of the detection stage so that the vertical height between the machine tool guide rail and the upper surface of the liquid pool meets the measurement requirements. Step S02: Adjust the angle between the scale plate and the upper surface of the liquid pool. Adjust the height of the scale plate and the distance between the scale plate and the testing station to meet the measurement requirements; Step S03: Adjust the tilt of the testing table so that the machine tool guide rail is parallel to the upper surface of the liquid pool, and adjust the height of the scale plate again so that the beginning and end of the light band formed on the scale plate are both located on the y=0 scale line of the scale plate. Step S04: The line laser emitter emits a line laser, and the position of the light band on the scale is collected. The change in the y-axis direction of the collected scale is recorded. The height error of the machine tool guideway was calculated. :

[0014] In the formula, The angle between the graduated plate and the upper surface of the liquid pool. The incident angle of the laser emitted by the line laser emitter is adjusted by... and Adjust the magnification; Step S05: The machine tool guide rail moves slowly and uniformly from right to left, so that the reflected line laser hits different positions on the rail in sequence. The detection results of the flatness error obtained in each detection are recorded. The detection results are spliced ​​together according to the interval of the machine tool guide rail movement to form the flatness error data of the entire machine tool guide rail plane, thereby obtaining the overall contour of the machine tool guide rail plane.

[0015] Furthermore, the first servo motor mentioned in step S01 is driven by the first servo driver, and the machine tool guide rail mentioned in step S05 is driven by the second servo motor to move slowly and uniformly when it is working. The second servo motor is driven by the second servo driver, and the first servo driver and the second servo driver are connected to a PLC and receive instructions from the PLC.

[0016] Furthermore, the height of the line laser emitter mentioned in step S01 is adjusted by the adjustable support frame, the height of the detection platform mentioned in step S01 is adjusted by the telescopic legs, and the tilt of the detection platform mentioned in step S03 is adjusted by the telescopic legs.

[0017] Furthermore, the angle between the scale plate and the upper surface of the liquid pool mentioned in step S03 is adjusted by the limiting hole on the rotating shaft, and then fixed by the positioning screw after adjustment; the height of the scale plate is adjusted by the telescopic bracket; the distance between the scale plate and the detection stage is adjusted by moving the position of the telescopic bracket on the imaging slide rail.

[0018] This invention uses a scale plate and a line laser emitter combined on the upper surface of a liquid pool. By changing the angle of the scale plate and the line laser emitter, the height error of the machine tool guideway can be magnified and displayed on the scale plate, making it easy to read visually or with instruments. As the machine tool guideway moves, the light band on the scale plate also changes accordingly, allowing for direct observation of the height error changes. Then, the height error of the machine tool guideway is spliced ​​according to the intervals of the machine tool guideway movement to obtain the flatness error data of the entire machine tool guideway plane, simplifying the inspection process and reducing inspection costs.

[0019] It should be understood that the description in the Summary of the Invention is not intended to limit the key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to restrict the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The above and other features, advantages, and aspects of the various embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Wherein: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an apparatus for measuring the flatness error of a machine tool guideway using the upper surface of a liquid pool according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 This diagram shows a right-side view of a testing table surface for measuring the flatness error of a machine tool guide rail using the upper surface of a liquid pool, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a turntable, a line laser emitter, a first servo motor, and a first encoder assembly for measuring the flatness error of a machine tool guide rail using the upper surface of a liquid pool according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a rotating shaft structure for measuring the flatness error of a machine tool guideway using the upper surface of a liquid pool, according to an embodiment of the present invention, is shown. Figure 5 A flowchart illustrating a method for measuring the flatness error of a machine tool guideway using the upper surface of a liquid pool according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of measuring the flatness error of a machine tool guideway using the upper surface of a liquid pool according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the first light band acquired according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 8A schematic diagram showing the results of measuring the flatness error of a machine tool guideway according to an embodiment of the present invention is illustrated.

[0021] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Laser emitting device; 11. Support platform; 12. Adjustable support frame; 13. Line laser emitter; 14. Horizontal slide rail; 15. Horizontal slide table; 16. Turntable; 17. First servo driver; 18. First servo motor; 19. First encoder assembly; 2. Detection device; 21. Detection table; 22. Telescopic legs; 23. Upper surface of liquid pool; 24. Slide groove; 25. Slider; 26. Machine tool guide rail; 27. Ball screw; 28. Second servo driver; 29. ​​Second servo motor; 210. Second encoder assembly; 211. Left limit block; 212. Right limit block; 3. Imaging device; 31. Telescopic bracket; 32. Scale plate; 33. Imaging slide rail; 34. Rotating shaft; 35. Limiting hole; 36. Positioning pin. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a device and method for measuring the flatness error of a machine tool guideway using the upper surface of a liquid pool are proposed. The upper surface of the liquid pool is combined with a scale plate and a line laser emitter. By changing the angle of the scale plate and the line laser emitter, the height error of the machine tool guideway can be magnified and displayed on the scale plate, facilitating visual inspection or instrument reading. As the machine tool guideway moves, the light band on the scale plate also changes accordingly, allowing for direct observation of the height error change. The height error of the machine tool guideway is then pieced together according to the intervals of the machine tool guideway movement to obtain the flatness error data for the entire machine tool guideway plane, simplifying the inspection process and reducing inspection costs.

[0024] The principles and spirit of the present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to several representative embodiments.

[0025] It should be noted that although the operation of the system of the present invention has been described in a specific order in the above embodiments and accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that the operations must be performed in that specific order, or that all the operations shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and / or one step may be broken down into multiple steps.

[0026] To provide a clearer explanation of the device for measuring the flatness error of machine tool guideways using the upper surface of a liquid pool, a specific embodiment will be described below. However, it is worth noting that this embodiment is only for better illustrating the present invention and does not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention.

[0027] The following specific example will further illustrate the device for measuring the flatness error of machine tool guideways using the upper surface of a liquid pool: like Figures 1-4 As shown, the device in this embodiment includes a laser emitting device 1, a detection device 2, and an imaging device 3, which are arranged sequentially from right to left.

[0028] The laser emitting device 1 includes: a horizontal slide rail 14, a horizontal slide table 15, an adjustable support frame 12, a support platform 11, a turntable 16, and a line laser emitter 13. The horizontal slide rail 14 is installed on a flat ground, the horizontal slide table 15 is installed on the horizontal slide rail 14, the end of the adjustable support frame 12 is fixedly installed on the horizontal slide table 15, the top of the adjustable support frame 12 is fixedly installed on the support platform 11, and the turntable 16 is fixedly installed on the support platform 11. The turntable 16 is connected to the line laser emitter 13 through a connector. The height of the line laser emitter 13 is adjusted by adjusting the height of the adjustable support frame 12.

[0029] In this embodiment, the laser emitting device 1 further includes a first servo motor 18, a first servo driver 17, and a first encoder assembly 19. The first servo motor 18 and the first servo driver 17 are mounted on the detection stage 21. The first encoder assembly 19 is fixedly mounted on the first servo motor 18. The first servo motor 18 is fixedly connected to the turntable 16. The first servo driver 17 drives the first servo motor 18 to work, thereby driving the turntable 16 to rotate, which is used to adjust the angle of the line laser emitter 13.

[0030] The detection device 2 includes: a liquid pool upper surface 23, a detection table 21, a slider 25, a machine tool guide rail 26, a second servo motor 29, a second servo driver 28, a second encoder assembly 210, and a ball screw 27. The liquid pool upper surface 23 is placed on a flat ground. The detection table 21 is placed above the liquid pool upper surface 23. A slide groove 24 is provided below the detection table 21. The slider 25 is installed on the slide groove 24. One end of the ball screw 27 is fixedly connected to the center of the slider 25. The other end of the ball screw 27 is connected to the second servo motor 29. The second encoder assembly 210 is installed on the second servo motor 29. The second servo driver 28 is placed on the detection table 21. The machine tool guide rail 26 is connected to the slider 25. The second servo driver 28 drives the second servo motor 29 to work. The second servo motor 29 drives the ball screw 27 to rotate, thereby causing the slider 25 to move at a constant speed in the slide groove 24. Finally, the machine tool guide rail 26 moves according to the set speed and distance. Frequent starts and stops or prolonged operation of the second servo motor 29 may generate errors, causing displacement errors in the machine tool guide rail 26 driven by the ball screw 27. The second encoder assembly 210 can provide real-time feedback on the position changes of the second servo motor 29 and make adjustments to reduce the displacement error of the machine tool guide rail 26. A left limit block 211 is provided at the left end of the slide 24, and a right limit block 212 is provided at the right end of the slide 24 to prevent the slider 25 from disengaging from the slide 24. The inspection table 21 includes a telescopic leg 22 for adjusting the height and inclination of the inspection table 21.

[0031] In this embodiment, the upper surface 23 of the liquid pool is horizontal, meaning the liquid pool is set under the detection platform 21. The liquid in the pool can be selected according to requirements. The liquid pool is 300cm long and 200cm wide. Mercury is injected into the liquid pool. Mercury has a high reflectivity to laser light and is chemically stable and not easily decomposed at room temperature. Furthermore, to prevent the escape of toxic gases, a 10μm thick layer of hot melt adhesive is attached to the surface of the mercury. The liquid surface remains stationary and remains horizontal under the influence of gravity.

[0032] Imaging device 3 includes: a scale plate 32, a rotating shaft 34, and a telescopic bracket 31. The telescopic bracket 31 is placed on a flat surface, and its top end is connected to the scale plate 32 via the rotating shaft 34 for quickly adjusting the height of the scale plate 32. A planar coordinate system and main scale lines are established on the scale plate 32 for quickly reading the coordinates of the light reflected onto the scale plate 32. The rotating shaft 34 is provided with four limiting holes 35 and a positioning pin. The positions of the limiting holes 35 are set, and after the limiting holes 35 are positioned by the positioning pin 36, the angle between the scale plate 32 and the water surface is 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90°.

[0033] Schematic diagram as follows Figure 6 As shown, a Cartesian coordinate system with point O as the origin (0,0) is established with x and y axes. If the surface of the machine tool guide 26 is uneven, then an offset in the y-axis direction is set as... x, the linear laser reflected from point A on the uneven surface of the machine tool guide rail 26 is displayed on the scale plate 32 with an offset along the y-axis compared to the reference line. y. y and The relationship between x and α can be derived using the following formula, where θ is the angle between the scale plate 32 and the horizontal plane, and α is the incident angle of the line laser emitted by the line laser emitter 13:

[0034] To ensure the line laser hits the scale plate 32, θ > 90° - α must be satisfied, where θ is 0° < θ < 90° and α is 0° < α < 90°. The closer θ is to 0° and α is to 90°, the closer θ and 90° - α are to each other. y / The larger the value of x, the greater the magnification. When the angle difference between θ and 90°-α is 1°, the maximum magnification is approximately 115. For every order of magnitude decrease in the angle difference, the magnification increases by an order of magnitude. Analysis shows that when θ=30° and α=60.1° are selected, the above formula can be used to calculate... y / The ratio of x is approximately 1000, which can be well represented on scale 32.

[0035] like Figure 5 As shown, this method includes the following steps.

[0036] Step S01: Adjust the position of the horizontal slide 15 on the horizontal slide rail 14 so that the horizontal distance between the line laser emitter 13 and the center of the detection stage 21 is 200cm. This distance can meet the measurement requirements of most machine tool guide rails 26. The vertical height of the line laser emitter 13 and the machine tool guide rail 26 from the upper surface of the liquid pool can be calculated by the following formula: The distance S from the point where the normal line drawn upwards from the position where the laser emitted by the laser is reflected on the liquid surface intersects the horizontal line at the center of the line laser emitter 13 and the detection stage 21 to the line laser emitter 13. Let S be the vertical distance from position S to the upper surface of the liquid pool. The angle between the line laser emitted by the line laser emitter 13 and the normal drawn to the laser reflection point on the liquid surface is calculated. The vertical height of the line laser emitter 13 and the machine tool guide rail 26 from the upper surface of the liquid pool is 57.5 cm. The height of the detection table 21 is adjusted by adjusting the telescopic feet 22 to ensure the vertical height of the machine tool guide rail 26 from the upper surface of the liquid pool meets this requirement. The height of the line laser emitter 13 can be adjusted by adjusting the adjustable support frame 12.

[0037] Step S02: Adjust the angle of the line laser emitted by the line laser emitter 13. The appropriate magnification can be selected by adjusting the angle α according to your needs as described below. To meet the magnification requirement of 1000, the incident angle α of the line laser needs to be adjusted to 60.1°. A command is sent from the PLC to the first servo driver 17, and the first servo motor 18 drives the line laser emitter 13 to rotate, ensuring that the emitted line laser meets the aforementioned incident angle requirement. If the first servo motor 18 operates for a long time or frequently starts and stops, errors may occur, causing errors in the angle of the line laser emitter 13. The first encoder assembly 19 can provide real-time feedback on the position changes of the first servo motor 18 and make adjustments to ensure the angle remains constant.

[0038] Adjust the distance, height, and angle of the scale plate 32 so that the line laser reflected from the water surface can form a light band on the scale plate 32. The angle θ between the scale plate 32 and the upper surface of the liquid pool needs to be adjusted to 30°. High-precision limiting holes 35 have been machined at 30°, 45°, 60°, and 90° around the rotating shaft 34 of the scale plate 32. A rigid positioning pin 36 is used at 30° to lock the angle and prevent angular deviation. Then, adjust the position of the telescopic bracket 31 on the imaging slide rail 33 to adjust the horizontal distance between the scale plate 32 and the center of the detection stage 21, and adjust the height of the scale plate 32 by adjusting the height of the telescopic bracket 31. This ensures that the water surface can reflect the line laser a second time, and that the line laser is not unable to be reflected a second time due to the distance between the scale plate 32 and the detection stage 21 being too close. The horizontal distance between the center of the scale plate 32 and the center of the detection stage 21 must be greater than the value calculated by the following formula:

[0039] Calculations show that the horizontal distance between the scale plate 32 and the center of the testing platform 21 is 133cm. The scale plate 32 on the sliding rail is moved to achieve this horizontal distance of 133cm from the center of the testing platform 21. Finally, the formula is used... The height of the scale plate 32 was calculated to be 6.3 cm. The height of the scale plate 32 was changed by adjusting the telescopic bracket 31 so that the line laser reflected by the water surface could form a light band on the scale plate 32.

[0040] Step S03: Adjust the inclination of the plane of the testing stage 21 so that the machine tool guide rail 26 is parallel to the upper surface of the liquid pool, and finely adjust the telescopic bracket 31 to change the height of the scale plate 32 so that the beginning and end of the light band formed on the scale plate 32 are located on the scale line y=0 of the scale plate 32. Figure 7 As shown.

[0041] Step S04: Line laser emitter 13 emits a line laser, and the position of the light band on the scale plate 32 is collected. The change in the y-axis direction of the collected scale plate 32 is recorded. The height error of the machine tool guideway 26 was calculated. x. By collecting the coordinate points of the baseline on the scale plate 32. There is an error with the machine tool guide rail 26, and the coordinate points of the light strip appearing on the scale plate 32 are different. Therefore, the length of the recessed or raised portion of the machine tool guideway 26 is... , and These are the coordinates of the end point and the beginning point of the recessed or raised portion of the machine tool guideway 26 along the x-axis on the scale plate 32; the height error of the machine tool guideway 26. The change in the light band caused by x along the 32y-axis of the scale is: Height error of machine tool guide rail 26 x can be calculated using the following formula. By calculating multiple points, the condition of the machine tool guideway 26, whether it is concave or convex, can be determined:

[0042] like When y is negative, the recess depth of the machine tool guideway 26 is... x; if When y is a positive value, the protrusion height of the machine tool guideway 26 is... x.

[0043] Step S05: The PLC sends a command to the servo driver, and the servo motor drives the ball screw to rotate, so that the machine tool guide rail 26 moves slowly and uniformly from right to left, so that the reflected line laser hits different positions on the track in sequence. The detection results of the flatness error obtained in each detection are recorded. These results are spliced ​​according to the interval of the movement of the machine tool guide rail 26 to obtain the flatness error data of the entire machine tool guide rail 26 plane, and at the same time, the overall contour of the machine tool guide rail 26 plane is obtained.

[0044] In this embodiment, taking the LFD1200 machine tool guideway 26 as an example, its material is GCr15 (high carbon chromium bearing steel). The machine tool guideway 26 is 1477.5mm long and 45mm wide. The machine tool guideway 26 is installed and tested according to the steps given above. However, since the machine tool guideway 26 itself is quite long, only a portion of the data is shown here, specifically the section from 200mm to 600mm in length. This portion of the machine tool guideway 26 experiences more severe wear due to frequent use, and the indentation length of this part of the machine tool guideway 26 is [not specified]. l = 670 - 130 = 540 mm. The coordinates of the light band on the scale plate 32 are (200, 104), (220, 111), (240, 112), (260, 116), (280, 120), (300, 118), (320, 126), (340, 128), (360, 124), (380, 128), (400, 130), (420, 134), (440, 145), (460, 152), (480, 154), (500, 155), (520, 153), (540, 148), (560, 144), (580, 143), (600, 140). Figure 7 As shown, the result is obtained through calculation. Substituting the coordinates of the point y = {104, 111, 112, 116, 120, 118, 126, 128, 124, 128, 130, 134, 145, 152, 154, 155, 153, 148, 144, 143, 140} mm into the following values... The height error of the machine tool guideway 26 can be obtained through calculation. x={0.105, 0.112, 0.113, 0.117, 0.121, 0.119, 0.127, 0.129, 0.125, 0.129, 0.1 31, 0.135, 0.146, 0.153, 0.155, 0.156, 0.154, 0.149, 0.145, 0.144, 0.141}mm. After moving the machine tool guide rail 26 horizontally by 15mm, secondary data acquisition was performed. The coordinate points were (200, 103), (220, 109), (240, 114), (260, 116), (280, 122), (300, 117), (320, 124), (340, 129), (360, 122), (380, 127), (400, 131), (420, 132), (440, 145), (460, 148), (480, 154), (500, 158), (520, 153), (540, 146), (560, 142), (580, 145), (600, 140). The calculated... y = {103, 109, 114, 116, 122, 117, 124, 129, 122, 127, 131, 132, 145, 148, 154, 158, 153, 146, 142, 145, 140} mm, height error x={0.104, 0.110, 0.115, 0.117, 0.123, 0.118, 0.125, 0.130, 0.123, 0.128, 0.1 32, 0.133, 0.146, 0.149, 0.155, 0.159, 0.154, 0.147, 0.143, 0.146, 0.141}mm. After moving the machine tool guide rail 26 horizontally by 15mm, a third data acquisition was performed. The coordinate points were (200, 105), (220, 110), (240, 112), (260, 118), (280, 121), (300, 116), (320, 125), (340, 128), (360, 123), (380, 129), (400, 133), (420, 134), (440, 146), (460, 150), (480, 155), (500, 158), (520, 154), (540, 147), (560, 143), (580, 144), (600, 139). The calculated... y = {105, 110, 112, 118, 121, 116, 125, 128, 123, 129, 133, 134, 146, 150, 155, 158, 154, 147, 143, 144, 139} mm, height error x = {0.106, 0.111, 0.113, 0.119, 0.122, 0.117, 0.126, 0.129, 0.124, 0.130, 0.134, 0.135, 0.147, 0.151, 0.156, 0.159, 0.155, 0.148, 0.144, 0.145, 0.140} mm will be calculated x Create a 3D surface plot, such as Figure 8 As shown, this determines the contour of the recessed or raised section of the machine tool guideway 26.

[0045] While the spirit and principles of the invention have been described with reference to several specific embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed specific embodiments, and the division of aspects does not imply that features in these aspects cannot be combined for benefit; such division is merely for ease of description. The invention is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0046] Regarding the limitation of the scope of protection of this invention, those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort based on the technical solution of this invention are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the flatness error of machine tool guideways using the upper surface of a liquid pool, characterized in that, The device includes: The laser emitting device (1) includes: an adjustable support frame (12), a support platform (11), a turntable (16), and a line laser emitter (13). The adjustable support frame (12) is placed on a flat ground. The support platform (11) is fixed to the top of the adjustable support frame (12). The turntable (16) is fixedly installed on the support platform (11). The turntable (16) is connected to the line laser emitter (13) through a connector. The testing device (2) includes: a liquid pool upper surface (23), a testing platform (21), a slider (25), and a machine tool guide rail (26). The liquid pool upper surface (23) is placed on a flat ground. The testing platform (21) is placed above the liquid pool upper surface (23). A slide groove (24) is provided below the testing platform (21). The slider (25) is installed on the slide groove (24). The machine tool guide rail (26) is connected to the slider (25). The testing platform (21) includes a telescopic leg (22). The imaging device (3) includes: a scale plate (32), a rotating shaft (34) and a telescopic bracket (31). The telescopic bracket (31) is placed on a flat ground. The top of the telescopic bracket (31) is connected to the scale plate (32) through the rotating shaft (34). A planar coordinate system and main scale lines are established on the scale plate (32). The laser emitting device (1), the detection device (2), and the imaging device (3) are arranged in sequence.

2. The device for measuring the flatness error of machine tool guideways using the upper surface of a liquid pool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser emitting device (1) further includes a horizontal slide rail (14) and a horizontal slide table (15). The horizontal slide rail (14) is installed on a flat ground, and the horizontal slide table (15) is installed on the horizontal slide rail (14). The end of the adjustable support frame (12) is fixedly installed on the horizontal slide table (15).

3. The device for measuring the flatness error of machine tool guideways using the upper surface of a liquid pool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The laser emitting device (1) further includes a first servo motor (18), a first servo driver (17), and a first encoder assembly (19). The first servo motor (18) and the first servo driver (17) are mounted on the detection table (21). The first encoder assembly (19) is fixedly mounted on the first servo motor (18). The first servo motor (18) is fixedly connected to the turntable (16).

4. The device for measuring the flatness error of machine tool guideways using the upper surface of a liquid pool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection device (2) further includes a second servo motor (29), a second servo driver (28), a second encoder assembly (210), and a ball screw (27). One end of the ball screw (27) is fixedly connected to the center of the slider (25), and the other end of the ball screw (27) is connected to the second servo motor (29). The second encoder assembly (210) is mounted on the second servo motor (29), and the second servo driver (28) is placed on the detection table (21).

5. The device for measuring the flatness error of machine tool guideways using the upper surface of a liquid pool according to claim 1, characterized in that, A left limiting block (211) is provided at the left end of the slide (24), and a right limiting block (212) is provided at the right end of the slide (24).

6. The device for measuring the flatness error of machine tool guideways using the upper surface of a liquid pool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rotating shaft (34) is provided with several limiting holes (35) and a positioning pin (36).

7. A method for measuring the flatness error of machine tool guideways using the upper surface of a liquid pool, characterized in that, The machine tool guide rail (26) is measured using the device described in any one of claims 1-6, and the specific steps are as follows: Step S01: Adjust the position of the horizontal slide (15) on the horizontal slide rail (14) so ​​that the horizontal distance between the line laser emitter (13) and the center of the detection stage (21) meets the measurement requirements of the machine tool guide rail (26); the first servo motor (18) drives the line laser emitter (13) to rotate and adjusts the height of the line laser emitter (13) so that the line laser emitted by the line laser emitter (13) meets the measurement requirements; adjust the height of the detection stage (21) so that the vertical height of the machine tool guide rail (26) from the upper surface of the liquid pool (23) meets the measurement requirements; Step S02: Adjust the angle between the scale plate (32) and the upper surface (23) of the liquid pool. Adjust the height of the scale plate (32) and the distance between the scale plate (32) and the testing table (21) to meet the measurement requirements; Step S03: Adjust the tilt of the testing stage (21) so that the machine tool guide rail (26) is parallel to the upper surface (23) of the liquid pool, and adjust the height of the scale plate (32) again so that the beginning and end of the light band formed on the scale plate (32) are both located on the y=0 scale line of the scale plate (32); Step S04: The line laser emitter (13) emits a line laser, collects the position of the light band on the scale plate (32), and collects the change in the y-axis direction of the scale plate (32). The height error of the machine tool guide rail (26) was calculated. : In the formula, The angle between the graduated plate (32) and the upper surface (23) of the liquid pool, The incident angle of the line laser emitter (13) is adjusted by... and Adjust the magnification; Step S05: The machine tool guide rail (26) moves slowly and uniformly from right to left, so that the reflected line laser hits different positions on the track in sequence. The detection results of the flatness error obtained in each detection are recorded. The detection results are spliced ​​together according to the interval of the movement of the machine tool guide rail (26) to obtain the flatness error data of the entire machine tool guide rail (26) plane, thereby obtaining the overall contour of the machine tool guide rail (26) plane.

8. The method for measuring the flatness error of a machine tool guideway using the upper surface of a liquid pool according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first servo motor (18) mentioned in step S01 is driven by the first servo driver (17). The machine tool guide rail (26) mentioned in step S05 is driven by the second servo motor (29) to move slowly and uniformly. The second servo motor (29) is driven by the second servo driver (28). The first servo driver (17) and the second servo driver (28) are connected to a PLC and receive instructions from the PLC.

9. The method for measuring the flatness error of a machine tool guideway using the upper surface of a liquid pool according to claim 7, characterized in that, The height of the line laser emitter (13) in step S01 is adjusted by the adjustable support frame (12), the height of the detection platform (21) in step S01 is adjusted by the telescopic leg (22), and the tilt of the detection platform (21) in step S03 is adjusted by the telescopic leg (22).

10. The method for measuring the flatness error of a machine tool guideway using the upper surface of a liquid pool according to claim 7, characterized in that, The angle between the scale plate (32) and the upper surface (23) of the liquid pool mentioned in step S03 is adjusted by the limiting hole (35) on the rotating shaft (34), and fixed by the positioning screw after the adjustment is completed; the height of the scale plate (32) is adjusted by the telescopic bracket (31); the distance between the scale plate (32) and the detection stage (21) is adjusted by moving the position of the telescopic bracket (31) on the imaging slide rail (33).

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