External broken rod blowout preventer device for wellhead of oil pumping unit

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pumping unit equipment, in particular to an external broken rod blowout preventer device for a wellhead of a pumping unit. The oil pumping unit wellhead external broken rod blowout preventer device comprises a shell installed on an upper cover of a wellhead packing box, a polish rod penetrates through the shell, a blowout prevention plate perpendicular to the shell is arranged in the shell, an elastic supporting structure and a magnetic self-locking mechanism are arranged between the blowout prevention plate and the shell, and the magnetic self-locking mechanism and the polish rod fix the position of the blowout prevention plate to the perpendicular position through magnetic attraction force. After the polished rod is broken, the magnetic attraction force with the polished rod disappears, locking of the position of the blowout prevention plate is relieved, and the elastic supporting structure controls the blowout prevention plate to turn upwards to block the shell and keep sealing. The external broken rod blowout preventer device for the wellhead of the oil pumping unit is directly installed on an upper cover of a wellhead packing box, the structure of the wellhead does not need to be changed, a wellhead device does not need to be integrally replaced or a power source does not need to be additionally provided, and the installation cost is reduced; the magnetic self-locking mechanism and the elastic supporting structure push the blowout prevention plate to block and prevent a wellhead from splashing.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of pumping unit equipment, and particularly relates to a pumping unit wellhead external broken rod well packer device. BACKGROUND

[0002] The working process of the pumping unit is essentially to connect the sucker rod and the oil well pump with the polished rod at the wellhead position, and to drive the sucker rod and the oil well pump to make continuous reciprocating motion by continuously pulling and pulling the polished rod back and forth, so as to lift the produced liquid in the well to the wellhead. However, during the working process of the pumping unit, the polished rod is at risk of breaking, and once the polished rod breaks off, the wellhead will lose sealing control, and the produced liquid in the well will be sprayed out of the wellhead, causing pollution accidents and production loss.

[0003] In the prior art, in order to solve the problem of wellhead spatter caused by polished rod breakage during the working process of the pumping unit, the following prior art exists: Firstly, there is an internal sealing ball scheme for the wellhead device, which uses the movement of the ball to block the channel to avoid leakage when the rod is broken, but there are problems such as ball wear, jamming, and unreliable movement when leakage occurs; secondly, there is a structure of adding a rubber ball through the eccentric ball socket structure inside the wellhead device after the rod is broken, which solves the problem of rod sealing, but increases the complexity and length of the wellhead device, and the rubber ball is easy to damage and difficult to maintain; thirdly, there is a polished rod breakage anti-spray energy-saving sealing mechanism, which proposes a double-cone sealing cylinder structure to solve the problem of rod sealing, but the whole wellhead device needs to be replaced, which is a large investment; there is also an intelligent rod breakage blowout preventer, which proposes an intelligent rod breakage blowout preventer equipped with electronic detection means and electric control device, which can also solve the problem of rod sealing, but it needs external power supply and has high cost. Based on the above status, there is an urgent need for a low-cost rod sealing device or sealing measure without changing the wellhead structure and replacing the whole wellhead device. Therefore, in view of the above shortcomings, a pumping unit wellhead external broken rod well packer device is proposed. SUMMARY

[0004] (I) Technical problem to be solved In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a pumping unit wellhead external broken rod well packer device, which solves the problem of the need to change the wellhead structure or replace the whole wellhead device when the polished rod breaks off in the pumping unit wellhead in the prior art, and the high cost.

[0005] (II) Technical scheme In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a pumping unit wellhead external broken rod well packer device, which comprises: An outer shell is installed on the upper cover of the wellhead packing box, a polished rod channel is provided on the upper cover of the wellhead packing box, a through hole is provided on the outer shell and corresponds to the position of the polished rod channel, and the polished rod passes through the through hole and the polished rod channel to pass through the outer shell and the upper cover of the wellhead packing box; The outer shell is provided with a blowout prevention plate corresponding to the shape of the through hole above the outer shell, the blowout prevention plate is vertically arranged, and an elastic supporting structure is arranged between the top end of the blowout prevention plate and the outer shell. A magnetic self-locking mechanism is arranged between the back of the blowout prevention plate and the outer shell, and the magnetic self-locking mechanism and the polished rod generate magnetic attraction force to lock the blowout prevention plate in the vertical direction when the polished rod passes through the outer shell.

[0006] Preferably, the elastic supporting structure comprises a first pin shaft and a torsion spring, the first pin shaft is hingedly connected to the top end of the blowout prevention plate, the torsion spring is wound on the first pin shaft and the two ends of the torsion spring are in contact with the inner wall of the top end of the outer shell and the back of the blowout prevention plate respectively, pin shaft holes corresponding to the first pin shaft are arranged on the left and right side walls of the outer shell, and the two ends of the first pin shaft are inserted into the pin shaft holes.

[0007] Preferably, an upper sealing ring cooperating with the blowout prevention plate is arranged on the inner wall of the outer shell around the upper through hole, and a plurality of fixing bolts are arranged on the lower end of the outer shell, and the outer shell is connected with the upper cover of the wellhead packing box through the fixing bolts.

[0008] Preferably, a side cover plate is arranged on the side wall of the outer shell, and the side cover plate is detachably connected with the outer shell.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of connecting bolts are arranged around the side cover plate, the side cover plate is connected with the outer shell through the connecting bolts, and a sealing ring is arranged at the position where the outer shell and the side cover plate are in contact.

[0010] Preferably, the blowout prevention plate is parallel to the side cover plate and the back of the blowout prevention plate faces the side cover plate, and the magnetic self-locking mechanism is installed between the side cover plate and the blowout prevention plate.

[0011] Preferably, the magnetic self-locking mechanism comprises a magnetic attraction locking device and a magnetic attraction unlocking device, the magnetic attraction locking device is installed between the back of the blowout prevention plate and the side cover plate, and the polished rod generates magnetic attraction force with the magnetic attraction locking device to lock the blowout prevention plate when the polished rod passes through the outer shell; the magnetic attraction unlocking device is installed on the side cover plate and corresponds to the position of the magnetic attraction locking device, and the magnetic attraction unlocking device generates magnetic attraction force with the magnetic attraction locking device to release the position locking of the blowout prevention plate after the polished rod breaks and slides downward.

[0012] Preferably, the magnetic attraction locking device comprises two installation columns installed on the inner side of the side cover plate, the two installation columns are symmetrically arranged and correspond to the position of the side cover plate, a lock is arranged at the top end of each installation column, a magnetic steel is arranged between the two locks and connected with the two locks, the back of the blowout prevention plate is provided with a hook lock corresponding in position and shape to the lock, and the magnetic steel has strong magnetism, the polished rod generates magnetic attraction force with the magnetic steel to drive the lock to cooperate with the hook lock to lock the blowout prevention plate when the polished rod passes through the outer shell.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom end of each lock is respectively provided with a second pin shaft and is hingedly connected with the corresponding mounting column through the second pin shaft; a second pin shaft is arranged between the two locks, and the two ends of the second pin shaft are respectively hingedly connected with the top ends of the two locks; a magnet steel fixing frame is arranged on the second pin shaft, and the magnet steel is arranged on the magnet steel fixing frame.

[0014] Preferably, the top end of each mounting column is provided with a reduced diameter mechanism, and a compression spring is arranged between the reduced diameter mechanism and the lock.

[0015] Preferably, the magnetic unlocking device comprises a limiting adjusting rod and a limiting steel plate; the limiting adjusting rod is connected with the side cover plate through threads and penetrates through the side cover plate, the position of the limiting adjusting rod corresponds to the blowout prevention plate, and the limiting steel plate is arranged at the end of the limiting adjusting rod.

[0016] Preferably, a positioning nut is arranged on the limiting adjusting rod, and the positioning nut is located on the outside of the shell.

[0017] Preferably, the blowout prevention plate is made of non-magnetic material.

[0018] (Three) beneficial effects The rod breaking well head sealing device provided by the present application is directly installed on the cover of the well head packing box, does not need to change the well head or replace the well head device as a whole, does not need to additionally provide a power supply, and reduces the installation and use cost; the position of the blowout prevention plate is locked through the magnetic attraction force between the magnetic attraction self-locking mechanism and the polished rod, and the blowout prevention plate is pushed to be blocked through the elastic supporting structure, so that the problem of well head spatter after the polished rod of the pumping unit well head is broken off is solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a forward structure schematic view of the blowout prevention plate of the rod breaking well head sealing device of the pumping unit well head. Figure 2 It is a reverse structure schematic view of the blowout prevention plate of the rod breaking well head sealing device of the pumping unit well head. Figure 3 It is a schematic view of the magnetic self-locking mechanism of the rod breaking well head sealing device of the pumping unit well head. Figure 4 It is an appearance schematic view of the rod breaking well head sealing device of the pumping unit well head in combination with the packing box. Figure 5 It is an internal structure schematic view of the rod breaking well head sealing device of the pumping unit well head after the polished rod is broken off.

[0020] Wherein, 1, the shell; 2, the blowout prevention board;3, the first pin shaft;4, torsion spring;5, upper sealing ring;6, side cover plate;7, fixed bolt;8, magnetic steel;9, magnetic steel fixing frame;10, the second pin shaft;11, lock;12, connecting bolt;13, side sealing ring;14, limit adjusting rod;15, positioning nut;16, limit steel plate;17, mounting column;18, compression spring;19, the third pin shaft;20, polish rod;21, wellhead packing box upper cover;22, pin shaft hole;23, hook lock. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] In the description of the present application, it is necessary to understand that the orientations or positional relationships indicated by "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top", "bottom" and the like are all based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and the purpose is only to facilitate the description of the present application and simplify the description, and it is not intended to indicate or imply that the indicated parts must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0023] As shown in Figures 1-5 The present application provides an oil pumping machine wellhead external broken rod well packer device, specifically comprising: a shell 1 mounted above the wellhead packing box upper cover 21, the shell 1 serving as the body of the device is directly mounted on the wellhead packing box upper cover 21. The wellhead packing box upper cover 21 is provided with a polish rod passage, and the shell 1 is provided with a through hole corresponding in position to the polish rod passage, the polish rod 20 passing through the through hole and the polish rod passage to pass through the shell 1 and the wellhead packing box upper cover 21;During the operation of the oil pumping machine, the polish rod 20 drives the sucker rod and the oil pumping pump to make up-and-down reciprocating motion in sequence through the through hole and the polish rod passage, thereby driving the produced liquid under the oil pumping machine to flow to the wellhead for oil pumping work, Wherein, the lower end of the shell 1 is provided with a plurality of fixed bolts 7, and the shell 1 is connected with the wellhead packing box upper cover 21 through the fixed bolts 7. In the actual installation process, only the shell 1 and the wellhead packing box upper cover 21 need to be tightened through the fixed bolts 7, without the need for additional changes to the wellhead or the overall replacement of the wellhead device, thereby reducing the work load and installation cost of the device in the installation process.

[0024] It should be noted that the side wall of the shell 1 is provided with a side cover plate 6, which is detachably connected with the shell 1. After the shell 1 is installed on the wellhead packing box upper cover 21, only the side cover plate 6 needs to be removed to disassemble and adjust the components in the shell 1, thereby improving the usability of the device and reducing the operation difficulty of the device. The side cover plate 6 is provided with a plurality of connecting bolts 12 around the periphery, the side cover plate 6 is connected with the shell 1 through the connecting bolts 12, and the connection or disassembly of the side cover plate 12 and the shell 1 can be completed by screwing the connecting bolts 12. In actual work, other detachable connection modes such as key sheath connection, interference connection or riveting can also be replaced. A sealing ring 13 is arranged at the position where the shell 1 and the side cover plate 6 contact. After the shell 1 and the side cover plate 6 are connected, the sealing ring 13 fills the gap between the shell 1 and the side cover plate 6, thereby improving the sealing performance of the device.

[0025] In the present application, the shell 1 is provided with a blowout prevention plate 2 corresponding to the shape of the through hole above the shell 1. The blowout prevention plate 2 is vertically arranged, and an elastic support structure is arranged between the top end of the blowout prevention plate 2 and the shell 1. Under the action of external force, the elastic support structure pushes the blowout prevention plate 2 to flip upward to block the through hole at the top end of the shell 1. When the polished rod 20 is disconnected, the polished rod 20 slides downward along the through hole on the shell 1 and the polished rod channel of the wellhead packing box upper cover 21 to the pumping unit well, and the well fluid in the pumping unit well splashes upward. At this time, the blowout prevention plate 2 flips upward under the action of the elastic support structure to block the through hole above the shell 1 to seal the device, thereby preventing the upwelling well fluid from the through hole above the shell 1 to splash and cause pollution accidents and production waste, and improving the stability of the device.

[0026] The elastic support structure includes a first pin shaft 3 and a torsional spring 4. The first pin shaft 3 is hingedly connected with the top end of the blowout prevention plate 2, and the torsional spring 4 is wound on the first pin shaft 3 and contacts the inner wall of the top end of the shell 1 and the back surface of the blowout prevention plate 2 at both ends. Pin shaft holes 22 corresponding to the first pin shaft 3 are arranged on the left and right side walls of the shell 1, and the both ends of the first pin shaft 3 are inserted into the pin shaft holes 22. In the normal working condition, the blowout prevention plate 2 remains in the vertical direction, at this time, the both ends of the torsional spring 4 abut against the inner wall of the top end of the shell 1 and the back surface of the blowout prevention plate 2, respectively, and the torsional spring 4 is in a compressed state. Under the condition of no external force interference, due to the elastic force, the torsional spring 4 will apply an upward flipping force to the blowout prevention plate 2 to push the blowout prevention plate 2 to block the through hole at the top end of the shell 1. The elastic support mechanism can also apply a force to the blowout prevention plate 2 to push the blowout prevention plate 2 to flip upward by installing spring sheets or elastic bands between the blowout prevention plate 2 and the shell 1.

[0027] It should be noted that the upper sealing ring 5 is arranged on the inner wall of the shell 1 around the upper through hole, and cooperates with the blowout preventer 2. When the blowout preventer 2 is turned up by the elastic support mechanism to seal the through hole at the top end of the shell 1, the upper sealing ring 5 fills the space between the blowout preventer 2 and the shell 1, preventing the upwelling well fluid in the oil well from flowing out of the gap, and improving the sealing performance of the device. Generally, the inner wall of the shell 1 is provided with a mounting groove at the position where the upper sealing ring 5 is mounted, and the upper sealing ring 5 is mounted in the mounting groove to prevent the upper sealing ring 5 from moving after being stressed, thereby improving the stability of the device.

[0028] As shown in Figures 1-5 The back of the blowout preventer 2 is provided with a magnetic self-locking mechanism between the shell 1, and the magnetic self-locking mechanism and the polished rod 20 lock the position of the blowout preventer 2 in the vertical direction by magnetic attraction when the polished rod 20 passes through the shell 1. After the polished rod 20 breaks and slides down, the magnetic self-locking mechanism automatically releases the locking of the blowout preventer 2 by magnetic attraction. Generally, the blowout preventer 2 is parallel to the side cover plate 6 and the back is towards the side cover plate 6, and the magnetic self-locking mechanism is installed between the side cover plate 6 and the blowout preventer 2. When the device is installed on the wellhead packing box cover 21, the magnetic self-locking mechanism inside can be directly opened for debugging, reducing the installation and debugging difficulty of the device. At the same time, since the blowout preventer 2 and the side cover plate 6 are parallel, the magnetic self-locking mechanism can be directly installed on the side cover plate 6.

[0029] The magnetic self-locking mechanism includes a magnetic attraction locking device and a magnetic attraction unlocking device. The magnetic attraction locking device is installed between the back of the blowout preventer 2 and the side cover plate 6, and the polished rod 20 generates magnetic attraction with the magnetic attraction locking device when passing through the shell 1 to lock the position of the blowout preventer 2. The magnetic attraction unlocking device is installed on the side cover plate 6 and corresponds to the position of the magnetic attraction locking device. After the polished rod 20 breaks and slides down, the magnetic attraction unlocking device and the magnetic attraction locking device generate magnetic attraction to release the position locking of the blowout preventer 2. Generally, the back of the blowout preventer 2 is provided with a hook lock 23, and the magnetic attraction locking device includes a lock 11 cooperating with the hook lock. When the polished rod 20 passes through the shell 1, the magnetic attraction locking device pulls the lock 11 to engage with the hook lock 23 by magnetic attraction between the polished rod 20 and the magnetic attraction locking device, and the position of the blowout preventer 2 is locked at this time. When the polished rod 20 breaks, the magnetic attraction locking device and the magnetic attraction unlocking device generate magnetic attraction to pull the lock 11 in the opposite direction to separate the lock from the hook lock 23, thereby releasing the position locking of the blowout preventer 2, and the blowout preventer 2 is turned up under the action of the elastic support structure.

[0030] In the present application, the magnetic locking device comprises two mounting columns 17 mounted on the inner side of the side cover plate 6, the two mounting columns 17 are symmetrically arranged and correspond to the position of the side cover plate 6, the top end of each mounting column 17 is provided with a lock 11, a magnetic steel 8 is arranged between the two locks 11 and connected with the two locks 11, the back of the blowout prevention plate 2 is provided with a hook lock 23 which cooperates with the lock 11 in position and shape, the material of the magnetic steel 8 has strong magnetism, when the polished rod 20 passes through the casing 1, the magnetic attraction force between the polished rod 20 and the magnetic steel 8 drives the lock 11 to cooperate with the hook lock 23 to lock the position of the blowout prevention plate 2.

[0031] Wherein, the bottom end of each lock 11 is respectively provided with a second pin shaft 19 and is hingedly connected with the corresponding mounting column 17 through the second pin shaft 19, the connected lock 11 can rotate in the up-down direction with the second pin shaft 19 as the axis; a second pin shaft 10 is arranged between the two locks 11, the two ends of the second pin shaft 10 are respectively hingedly connected with the top end of the two locks 11; a magnetic steel fixing frame 9 is arranged on the second pin shaft 10, and the magnetic steel 8 is mounted on the magnetic steel fixing frame 9. Generally, the magnetic steel 8 is pasted on the magnetic steel fixing frame 9 by adhesive, which is convenient for installation and does not generate additional magnetic attraction force to affect the normal work of the magnetic steel 8, in addition, a pin or bolt made of a material without magnetism can be used to further reinforce the magnetic steel 8. During installation of the device, the blowout prevention plate 2 is first pushed to the vertical direction to make the lock 11 cooperate with the hook lock 23, at this time the bottom end of the lock 11 is buckled with the hook lock 23, when the polished rod 20 enters the casing 1, the polished rod 20 generates a magnetic attraction force with the magnetic steel 8, at this time the magnetic attraction force moves the magnetic steel to the side of the polished rod 20, thereby driving the bottom end of the lock 11 to flip to the side of the side cover plate 6 to strengthen the cooperation strength with the hook lock 23 and balance the elastic force of the elastic support structure acting on the blowout prevention plate 2, thereby realizing the fixation of the position of the blowout prevention plate 2.

[0032] It should be noted that the top end of each mounting column 17 is provided with a reduced diameter structure, and a compression spring 18 is arranged between the reduced diameter structure and the lock 11, the compression spring 18 can provide a stable elastic force to the lock 11, which assists the lock 11 to reset after operation, preventing the lock 11 from being stuck and unable to reset after long-term work in the well. The blowout prevention plate 2 is made of a non-magnetic material, which prevents the magnetic attraction force between the blowout prevention plate 2 itself and the magnetic steel 8 from affecting the magnetic attraction force between the magnetic steel 8 and the polished rod 20. Generally, the blowout prevention plate 2 is made of a non-magnetic stainless steel material without nickel, and in actual work, the blowout prevention plate 2 can be replaced with other non-magnetic materials with higher strength according to the work requirements on site.

[0033] As Figure 2As shown, the magnetic unlocking device comprises a limiting adjusting rod 14 and a limiting steel plate 16; the limiting adjusting rod 14 is connected with the side cover plate 6 through screw thread and penetrates the side cover plate 6, the position of the limiting adjusting rod 14 corresponds to the blowout preventer 2, and the limiting steel plate 16 is installed at the end of the limiting adjusting rod 14. The limiting steel plate 16 can generate magnetic attraction with the magnetic steel 8, when the polished rod 20 penetrates the shell 1, the polished rod 20 and the limiting steel plate 16 both generate magnetic attraction with the magnetic steel 8, but at this time, the magnetic attraction between the limiting steel plate 16 and the magnetic steel 8 is offset due to the large volume of the polished rod 20; when the polished rod 20 breaks and slides down, at this time, the magnetic steel 8 is only subjected to the magnetic attraction of the limiting steel plate 16 and moves to the direction of the side cover plate 6 under the action of the magnetic attraction, at the same time, the top end of the lock 11 is pulled to rotate to the direction of the side cover plate 6, the bottom end of the lock 11 is raised upward and separated from the hook lock 23 to release the locking state of the blowout preventer 2. The limiting steel plate 16 is installed at the end of the limiting adjusting rod 14, and the position of the limiting steel plate 16 can be adjusted by adjusting the limiting adjusting rod 14. Since the limiting adjusting rod 14 is connected with the side cover plate 6 through screw thread, the length of the limiting adjusting rod 14 extending into the shell 1 can be controlled by rotating the limiting adjusting rod 14 during use, so that the limiting steel plate 16 is extended or pulled out.

[0034] The limiting adjusting rod (14) is provided with a positioning nut (15) located outside the shell (1), when the position of the limiting adjusting rod 14 is adjusted, the positioning nut 15 is tightened to the side of the side cover plate 6 to clamp and fix the position of the limiting adjusting rod 14. When the device is installed, the blowout preventer 2 needs to be turned down to the vertical position in advance, then the two locks 11 are inserted into the hook lock 23, and the magnetic steel 8 is pushed forward to the back of the blowout preventer 2, at this time, the limiting adjusting rod 14 is rotated to push the limiting steel plate 16 to extend and push the magnetic steel 8, the magnetic steel 8 is limited, at this time, even if the polished rod 20 is not penetrated, the lock 11 cannot be moved and separated from the hook lock 23, then when the polished rod 20 is penetrated, the magnetic steel 8 is pulled to the blowout preventer 2 by the magnetic attraction between the polished rod 20 and the magnetic steel 8, so that the locking state of the blowout preventer 2 is maintained, at this time, the limiting adjusting rod 14 is adjusted to move the limiting steel plate 16 to the side of the side cover plate 6 to the working position and the positioning nut 15 is tightened to complete the installation. When the polished rod 20 is replaced, the wellhead is depressurized and vented, then the blowout preventer 2 is pressed down, the limiting adjusting rod 14 is adjusted to lock the blowout preventer 2, and then the polished rod is installed according to the regulations.

[0035] It should be noted that, generally speaking, the blowout prevention plate 2, the magnetic steel fixing frame 9, the magnetic steel fixing support 11 and the mounting column 17 are made of non-magnetic stainless steel material or cast aluminum material, have good strength and service life, and can be replaced according to the working environment on site in actual work. The limiting steel plate 16 and the limiting adjusting rod 14 are fixedly connected, and are usually connected by welding or riveting, and a matching thread can also be processed between the limiting steel plate 16 and the limiting adjusting rod 14 for connection, so that detachable connection is realized, and replacement and removal of the subsequent parts are facilitated. The magnetic steel fixing frame 9, the lock 11 and the mounting column 17 usually use the same non-magnetic material as the blowout prevention plate 2, and are usually made of non-magnetic stainless steel or cast aluminum material, so as to reduce the influence of the magnetic attraction force between the limiting steel plate 16 and the magnetic steel 8 during work.

[0036] The rod breaking wellhead sealing device provided by the application can solve the splashing problem caused by the rod breaking of the pumping unit wellhead without changing the structure of the pumping unit wellhead or replacing the wellhead device as a whole, and without the need of an additional power source. The specific operation process of the device is as follows: Step one: first, turn the blowout prevention plate downward to the vertical position, then insert the two locks into the hook locks, and then push the magnetic steel forward to the back of the blowout prevention plate. In this process, the locks cooperate with the hook locks to fix the position of the blowout prevention plate.

[0037] Step two: rotate the limiting adjusting rod to push the limiting steel plate forward to push the magnetic steel. At this time, the limiting steel plate pushes the magnetic steel forward and limits the magnetic steel, so that the locks cannot be moved and separated from the hook locks even if the rod is not inserted.

[0038] Step three: after the rod is inserted, the limiting adjusting rod is adjusted to move the limiting steel plate to the working position on one side of the side cover plate and the positioning nut is tightened. In this process, the magnetic steel is pulled tightly to one side of the blowout prevention plate due to the magnetic attraction force between the rod and the magnetic steel, so that the locking state of the blowout prevention plate is maintained, and the installation is completed at this time.

[0039] Step four: after the rod is broken, the blowout prevention plate is turned upward to block the through hole at the top of the shell, so that the device is sealed to prevent splashing. In this process, the magnetic attraction force between the magnetic steel and the rod disappears, the limiting steel plate becomes the only object that generates magnetic attraction force with the magnetic steel, the magnetic steel moves to one side of the side cover plate under the action of the magnetic attraction force, and at the same time, the lock is turned over to separate the lower end of the lock from the hook lock, so that the position fixing of the blowout prevention plate is released, and the blowout prevention plate is turned upward to contact the upper sealing ring under the action of the elastic support mechanism and cooperates to seal the shell.

[0040] Step five: repeat steps one to three to reinstall the rod.

[0041] Finally, it should be noted that the above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalent features, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A wellhead external broken rod sealing device for an oil pumping unit, characterized in that, include: The outer shell (1) is installed above the wellhead packing box cover (21). The wellhead packing box cover (21) is provided with a smooth rod channel. The outer shell (1) is provided with a through hole corresponding to the position of the smooth rod channel. The smooth rod (20) passes through the through hole and the smooth rod channel through the outer shell (1) and the wellhead packing box cover (21). The shell (1) is provided with a blowout plate (2) whose shape corresponds to the shape of the through hole on the top of the shell (1). The blowout plate (2) is vertical. An elastic support structure is provided between the top of the blowout plate (2) and the shell (1). When the blowout plate (2) is not subjected to external force, the elastic support structure pushes the blowout plate (2) to flip upward and block the through hole at the top of the shell (1). A magnetic self-locking mechanism is provided between the back of the blowout shield (2) and the outer shell (1). When the light rod (20) passes through the outer shell (1), the magnetic self-locking mechanism and the light rod (20) lock the position of the blowout shield (2) in the vertical direction through magnetic attraction. After the light rod (20) breaks and slides down, the magnetic self-locking mechanism automatically releases the lock of the blowout shield (2) by magnetic attraction.

2. The external rod breakage sealing device for oil pumping unit wellhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic support structure includes a first pin (3) and a torsion spring (4). The first pin (3) is hinged to the top of the blowout shield (2). The torsion spring (4) is wound around the first pin (3) and its two ends are in contact with the inner wall of the top of the outer shell (1) and the back of the blowout shield (2), respectively. The left and right side walls of the outer shell (1) are provided with pin holes (22) corresponding to the first pin (3). The two ends of the first pin (3) are inserted into the pin holes (22).

3. The external rod breakage sealing device for oil pumping unit wellhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, On the inner wall of the outer shell (1), an upper sealing ring (5) is provided around the upper through hole to cooperate with the blowout preventer (2). Several fixing bolts (7) are provided at the lower end of the outer shell (1). The outer shell (1) is connected to the wellhead packing box cover (21) by fixing bolts (7).

4. The external rod breakage sealing device for oil pumping unit wellhead according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side wall of the outer shell (1) is provided with a side cover plate (6), and the side cover plate (6) and the outer shell (1) are detachably connected.

5. The external rod breakage sealing device for oil pumping unit wellhead according to claim 4, characterized in that, The side cover plate (6) is provided with several connecting bolts (12) around its perimeter. The side cover plate (6) is connected to the outer shell (1) by the connecting bolts (12). A sealing ring (13) is provided at the position where the outer shell (1) contacts the side cover plate (6).

6. The external rod breakage sealing device for oil pumping unit wellhead according to claim 4, characterized in that, The blowout preventer (2) is parallel to the side cover plate (6) and its back faces the side cover plate (6). The magnetic self-locking mechanism is installed between the side cover plate (6) and the blowout preventer (2).

7. The external rod breakage sealing device for pumping unit wellhead according to claim 6, characterized in that, The magnetic self-locking mechanism includes a magnetic locking device and a magnetic unlocking device. The magnetic locking device is installed between the back of the blowout preventer (2) and the side cover plate (6). When the light rod (20) passes through the outer shell (1), it generates a magnetic attraction with the magnetic locking device to lock the position of the blowout preventer (2). The magnetic unlocking device is installed on the side cover plate (6) and its position corresponds to the magnetic locking device. After the light rod (20) breaks and slides down, the magnetic unlocking device and the magnetic locking device generate a magnetic attraction to release the position lock of the blowout preventer (2).

8. The external rod breakage sealing device for oil pumping unit wellhead according to claim 7, characterized in that, The magnetic locking device includes two mounting posts (17) installed inside the side cover plate (6). The two mounting posts (17) are symmetrically arranged and correspond to the position of the side cover plate (6). Each mounting post (17) has a lock (11) at its top. A magnet (8) is provided between the two locks (11) and the magnet (8) is connected to the two locks (11). The back of the blowout shield (2) is provided with a hook lock (23) whose position and shape match the lock (11). The magnet (8) is made of a material with strong magnetism. When the light rod (20) passes through the outer shell (1), it generates a magnetic attraction force with the magnet (8) to drive the lock (11) and the hook lock (23) to lock the position of the blowout shield (2).

9. The external rod breakage sealing device for oil pumping unit wellhead according to claim 8, characterized in that, Each lock (11) has a second pin (19) at its bottom end and is hinged to the corresponding mounting post (17) through the second pin (19); a second pin (10) is provided between the two locks (11), and the two ends of the second pin (10) are hinged to the top ends of the two locks (11); a magnet fixing frame (9) is provided on the second pin (10), and the magnet (8) is installed on the magnet fixing frame (9).

10. The external rod breakage sealing device for pumping unit wellhead according to claim 7, characterized in that, Each mounting post (17) is provided with a reducing mechanism at its top end, and a compression spring (18) is provided between the reducing mechanism and the lock (11).

11. The external rod breakage sealing device for pumping unit wellhead according to claim 10, characterized in that, The magnetic unlocking device includes a limit adjustment rod (14) and a limit steel plate (16); the limit adjustment rod (14) is connected to the side cover plate (6) by a thread and passes through the side cover plate (6), the position of the limit adjustment rod (14) corresponds to the blowout shield (2), and the limit steel plate (16) is installed at the end of the limit adjustment rod (14).

12. The external rod breakage sealing device for pumping unit wellhead according to claim 11, characterized in that, The limiting adjustment rod (14) is provided with a positioning nut (15), which is located on the outside of the outer shell (1).

13. The external rod breakage sealing device for pumping unit wellhead according to any one of claims 8-12, characterized in that, The blowout shield (2) is made of non-magnetic material.

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