Planetary reducer with external protection structure

Abstract

The application discloses a planetary reducer with an external protection structure and relates to the technical field of planetary reducers for electric vehicles.The planetary reducer comprises a main body, an input shaft and an output shaft, an oil seal is arranged between the output shaft and the main body, the sidewall of the main body is provided with a plurality of fins, and the planetary reducer further comprises a smearing mechanism arranged on the sidewall of the main body and used for smearing cooling water on the surface of the fins.The planetary reducer with the external protection structure can accelerate the air flow around the fins, can clean the fins and smears cooling water on the fins, can detect the deformation state and root fracture condition of the fins, can remind the staff, can guarantee the service life and heat dissipation effect of the fins, can perform blowing operation on the surface of the oil seal, can clean the surface of the oil seal by blowing, can avoid the adhesion of impurities, can cool the oil seal by blowing, can guarantee the service effect and service life of the oil seal, and can further guarantee the service effect and service life of the planetary reducer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of planetary gearboxes for electric vehicles, specifically a planetary gearbox with an external protective structure. Background Technology

[0002] Planetary gear reducers are electric vehicle devices and are a widely used industrial product. They can reduce the speed of the motor while increasing the output torque. In the wheel-side drive or integrated electric drive axle of new energy vehicles, planetary gear reducers are often used as core reduction components, integrated with the motor, controller, etc., to form a high-efficiency drive unit that directly provides power to the wheels. In order to ensure the heat dissipation effect of the planetary gear reducer, multiple heat dissipation fins are usually installed on its side wall.

[0003] However, in existing planetary gear reducers with external protective structures, dust and other impurities easily adhere to the surface of the fins during use. Furthermore, deformation and root breakage are prone to occur, and these issues are difficult to detect in a timely manner, thus affecting the efficiency and effectiveness of heat dissipation, and consequently impacting the performance and lifespan of the planetary gear reducer. Additionally, the oil seal that mates with the output shaft is prone to dust and other impurities adhering to it. Simultaneously, friction generates heat, affecting its sealing performance and lifespan, which also impacts the performance and lifespan of the planetary gear reducer.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a planetary gear reducer with an external protective structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a planetary gear reducer with an external protective structure to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a planetary reducer with an external protective structure, comprising a main body, an input shaft, and an output shaft, wherein an oil seal is provided between the output shaft and the main body, and multiple fins are provided on the side wall of the main body, and further comprising:

[0007] A coating mechanism, located on the side wall of the main body, is used to coat the surface of the fins with cooling water;

[0008] The detection mechanism, located on the side wall of the main body, is used to detect the deformation of the fins;

[0009] A cleaning mechanism, located on the side wall of the main body, is used to clean the surface of the fins;

[0010] A cleaning mechanism, located on the side wall of the main body, is used to clean the oil seal by blowing air.

[0011] Preferably, the coating mechanism includes a first annular cover, which is connected to the side wall of the main body via a moving mechanism. Multiple connecting pipes are fixedly inserted into the side wall of the first annular cover near the main body, and the other end of each connecting pipe is fixedly connected to a hollow U-shaped cover. Multiple through holes are opened on the side wall of the U-shaped cover, and a U-shaped sponge block is fixedly connected to the side wall of the U-shaped cover, so that the sponge block can slide on the surface of the fins. A water supply mechanism for supplying cooling water into the first annular cover is provided on the side wall of the first annular cover.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the first annular cover and the U-shaped cover are moved by the moving mechanism. When the first annular cover moves, the sponge block slides on the surface of the fins. When the first annular cover moves, cooling water can be supplied into the first annular cover through the water supply mechanism. Then, the water enters the U-shaped cover through the connecting pipe and is absorbed by the sponge block through the through hole. Then, it is applied to the surface of the fins, which not only cleans the surface but also improves its heat dissipation effect.

[0013] Preferably, the detection mechanism includes a mounting plate fixedly connected to the side wall of the U-shaped cover, and a plurality of movable rods are inserted into the side wall of the mounting plate. One end of each movable rod is fixedly connected to a disc, and the other end of each movable rod is provided with a ball bearing. A first spring is sleeved on the side wall of the movable rod, and a first connecting block is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting plate. Two symmetrically arranged first T-shaped guide rods are inserted into the side wall of the first connecting block, and a V-shaped block is fixedly connected to one end of each first T-shaped guide rod. A first return spring is sleeved on the side wall of each first T-shaped guide rod. The disc can slide on the side wall of the V-shaped block, and a movable plate is fixedly connected to the end of the first T-shaped guide rod away from the V-shaped block. A push pin is fixedly connected to the side wall of the movable plate, and two symmetrically arranged sleeves are fixedly connected to the end of the first annular cover. A sleeve rod is inserted into each sleeve, and a telescopic spring is sleeved on the side wall of each sleeve. A detection ring is fixedly connected to the other end of each sleeve rod, and a distance sensor is fixedly inserted into the side wall of the detection ring. A detection component for detecting root fracture of the fins is provided on the side wall of the main body.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, when the U-shaped cover moves, multiple balls can slide on the surface of the fins via the mounting plate. At the same time, under the action of the first spring, the balls exert a compressive force on the fins. However, this compressive force is small and will not cause deformation of the fins. When the surface of the fins is deformed by pits or protrusions, the moving rod will move, and at the same time, it will drive the disc to slide along the side wall of the V-shaped block, thereby pushing the first T-shaped guide rod to move. The first return spring is compressed and drives the moving plate to move. When the moving plate moves, it can drive the push pin to move and abut against the side wall of the detection ring, which can push the detection ring to move away from the first annular cover. At the same time, the telescopic spring is stretched and detected by the distance sensor, which facilitates the detection of the deformation state of the fins and reminds the staff to ensure its service life and heat dissipation effect.

[0015] Preferably, the detection component includes multiple fixing blocks fixedly connected to the side wall of the main body, and two symmetrically arranged second T-shaped guide rods are inserted into the side wall of the fixing blocks. One end of the second T-shaped guide rod is fixedly connected to a push block, and the push block includes two symmetrically arranged inclined surfaces. A second spring is sleeved on the side wall of each second T-shaped guide rod. A first push rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the disc closest to the main body on each mounting plate, and the first push rod can slide on the inclined surface.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when the first push rod abuts against the inclined plane, if the root of the fin is not broken, the moving rod cannot move, thus pushing the push block to move closer to the fixed block. At the same time, the second spring is compressed. If the root of the fin is broken, the disc and the moving rod can be pushed to move, causing the disc to slide along the side wall of the V-shaped block. This pushes the detection ring to move away from the first annular cover and is detected by the distance sensor. This facilitates the detection of the fin root breakage and reminds the staff to ensure its service life and heat dissipation effect.

[0017] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism includes a U-shaped plate fixedly connected to the side wall of the U-shaped cover, and a plurality of brush heads are fixedly connected to the side wall of the U-shaped plate, and the brush heads can slide on the surface of the fins.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when the first annular cover moves, it can drive the U-shaped plate and the brush head to move synchronously. At this time, the brush head can clean the surface of the fins, ensuring its heat dissipation effect and service life.

[0019] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism includes a hollow second annular cover fixedly connected to the end of the main body, and the second annular cover is sleeved on the side wall of the output shaft. An annular gap is provided between the second annular cover and the output shaft. A rectangular cover is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the main body. An exhaust pipe is fixedly connected between the rectangular cover and the second annular cover. The side wall of the second annular cover near the output shaft has a plurality of first air blowing holes. The side wall of the rectangular cover near the fins has a plurality of second air blowing holes. An exhaust mechanism is provided on the side wall of the exhaust pipe.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the exhaust mechanism uses an exhaust pipe to draw air, allowing air near the fins to enter the rectangular cover through the second air blowing hole, accelerating the airflow near the fins and improving the heat dissipation effect of the fins. Then, the air enters the second annular cover through the exhaust pipe and is blown onto the surface of the oil seal through the first air blowing hole. Finally, it is discharged through the annular gap. This not only cleans the surface of the oil seal by blowing air to prevent impurities from adhering, but also cools the oil seal by blowing air, ensuring its performance and lifespan, thereby ensuring the performance and lifespan of the planetary reducer.

[0021] Preferably, the water supply mechanism includes a fixed plate fixedly connected to the side wall of the first annular cover, and a working cylinder fixedly inserted into the top of the fixed plate. A piston is slidably connected inside the working cylinder. A second return spring is fixedly connected between the piston and the working cylinder. A second push rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston. A U-shaped frame is fixedly connected to the side wall of the main body. Multiple triangular blocks are fixedly connected to the top of the U-shaped frame. The lower end of the second push rod can slide along the side wall of the triangular blocks. A water storage tank is fixedly connected to the end of the main body. The working cylinder is connected to the first annular cover through a first hose and to the water storage tank through a second hose. A first one-way valve is provided inside the first hose and a second one-way valve is provided inside the second hose.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, when the first annular cover moves, the working cylinder can be moved by the fixed plate. When the lower end of the second push rod abuts against the triangular block, it can push the piston to move upward along the working cylinder. At the same time, the second return spring is compressed. When the lower end of the second push rod passes the triangular block, the piston can move downward to reset under the action of the second return spring. This process is repeated so that the piston can move back and forth inside the working cylinder. When the piston moves downward, it creates a negative pressure inside the working cylinder. At the same time, the first one-way valve closes and the second one-way valve opens, allowing the cooling water in the water tank to enter the working cylinder through the second hose. When the piston moves upward, it can squeeze the cooling water inside the working cylinder. At the same time, the first one-way valve opens and the second one-way valve closes, allowing the cooling water in the working cylinder to enter the first annular cover through the first hose.

[0023] Preferably, the exhaust mechanism includes a fixed box fixedly inserted into the side wall of the exhaust pipe, and a fan is rotatably connected inside the fixed box via a first rotating shaft. One end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a first driven bevel gear, and a first support plate is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed box. The top of the first support plate is connected to a rotating rod, and the upper end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to a first driving bevel gear. The first driving bevel gear and the first driven bevel gear are connected, and the lower end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to a rubber wheel, which can roll on the side wall of the output shaft.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, when the output shaft rotates, it can drive the rubber wheel to rotate, thereby driving the first active bevel gear to rotate through the rotating rod, and then driving the first driven bevel gear to rotate. When the first driven bevel gear rotates, it can drive the fan to rotate through the first rotating shaft. At this time, it can perform ventilation operation through the exhaust pipe.

[0025] Preferably, the moving mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged second support plates fixedly connected to the side wall of the main body, and two symmetrically arranged guide rods fixedly connected to the opposite side walls of the two second support plates. A slider is sleeved on the side wall of the guide rod, and the slider is fixed to the top of the first annular cover. A third spring is sleeved on the side wall of each guide rod. An L-shaped block is fixedly connected to the top of the second support plate. A roller is rotatably connected to the top of the L-shaped block through a second rotating shaft. A second driven bevel gear is fixedly connected to the lower end of the second rotating shaft. A pull rope is fixedly connected to the side wall of the roller, and the other end of the pull rope is fixed to the top of the slider through a second connecting block. A second driving bevel gear is rotatably connected to the side wall of the second support plate through a third rotating shaft. The second driving bevel gear and the second driven bevel gear are meshed. A connecting mechanism is provided between the third rotating shaft and the first rotating shaft.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, when the first rotating shaft rotates, it can drive the third rotating shaft to rotate through the connecting mechanism. When the third rotating shaft rotates, it can drive the second driving bevel gear to rotate. At the same time, the second driven bevel gear drives the second rotating shaft and roller to rotate, thereby winding up the pull rope and pulling the slider to slide along the guide rod. The third spring is compressed. When the slider moves, it can drive the first annular cover and U-shaped cover to move, and drive the detection ring to move through the telescopic spring.

[0027] Preferably, the connecting mechanism includes a plurality of first sliding grooves formed on the side wall of the first rotating shaft, and a plurality of second sliding grooves formed on the side wall of the third rotating shaft. A plug is slidably connected in the second sliding groove, and an iron ring is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the plug. A plurality of stops are fixedly connected to the side wall of the third rotating shaft, and a fourth spring is fixedly connected between the stops and the iron ring. An electromagnet is fixedly connected to the side wall of the stops.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, the electromagnet is energized, which attracts the iron ring, causing the iron ring to move closer to the stop block. At the same time, the fourth spring is compressed, and the insert block slides along the second slide groove and is inserted into the first slide groove. At this time, the power between the first and third rotating shafts is connected.

[0029] In summary,

[0030] Advantage 1: It can accelerate the airflow near the fins, and at the same time, it can clean the fins and apply cooling water to ensure their service life and heat dissipation effect.

[0031] Advantage 2: It facilitates the detection of fin deformation and root fracture, and reminds staff to ensure its service life and heat dissipation effect;

[0032] Advantage 3: It can blow air onto the surface of the oil seal, which can not only clean the surface of the oil seal and prevent impurities from adhering, but also cool the oil seal, ensuring its performance and lifespan, thereby ensuring the performance and lifespan of the planetary reducer. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure from another perspective of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the moving mechanism in this invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the second annular cover in this invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the sponge block in this invention;

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 7 for Figure 3 Enlarged view at point B in the middle;

[0040] Figure 8 for Figure 4 Enlarged view at point C;

[0041] Figure 9 for Figure 5 Enlarged view at point D;

[0042] Figure 10 for Figure 8Enlarged view of point E in the middle.

[0043] In the diagram: 101, main body; 102, output shaft; 103, fin; 104, input shaft; 105, oil seal; 201, first annular cover; 202, U-shaped cover; 203, connecting pipe; 204, through hole; 205, sponge block; 301, mounting plate; 302, moving rod; 303, ball bearing; 304, first spring; 305, detection ring; 306, moving plate; 307, push pin; 308, first connecting block; 309, first T-shaped guide rod; 310, circle 311. Disc; 312. V-block; 313. First return spring; 314. Distance sensor; 315. Sleeve; 316. Telescopic spring; 401. First push rod; 402. Fixing block; 403. Second T-shaped guide rod; 404. Second spring; 405. Push block; 406. Inclined surface; 501. Second annular cover; 502. Annular gap; 503. First air hole; 504. Rectangular cover; 505. Second air hole; 506. Exhaust pipe; 60 1. Fixed box; 602. First rotating shaft; 603. Fan; 604. First driven bevel gear; 605. First support plate; 606. Rotating rod; 607. Rubber wheel; 608. First driving bevel gear; 701. Second support plate; 702. Guide rod; 703. Slider; 704. Third spring; 705. L-shaped block; 706. Second rotating shaft; 707. Roller; 708. Pull rope; 709. Second connecting block; 710. Second driven bevel gear; 711. The first... Three rotating shafts; 712, second driving bevel gear; 801, first sliding groove; 802, second sliding groove; 803, insert block; 804, iron ring; 805, stop block; 806, fourth spring; 807, electromagnet; 901, fixing plate; 902, working cylinder; 903, first flexible hose; 904, water storage tank; 905, second flexible hose; 906, second push rod; 907, U-shaped frame; 908, triangular block; 909, piston; 1001, U-shaped plate; 1002, brush head. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] Please see Figures 1-10The illustrated planetary gear reducer with an external protective structure includes a main body 101, an input shaft 104, and an output shaft 102. An oil seal 105 is provided between the output shaft 102 and the main body 101, and multiple fins 103 are provided on the side wall of the main body 101. It also includes:

[0047] The coating mechanism, located on the side wall of the main body 101, is used to coat the surface of the fins 103 with cooling water;

[0048] The testing mechanism is located on the side wall of the main body 101 and is used to test the deformation of the fins 103.

[0049] A cleaning mechanism is installed on the side wall of the main body 101 and is used to clean the surface of the fins 103;

[0050] The cleaning mechanism, located on the side wall of the main body 101, is used to clean the oil seal 105 by blowing air. This accelerates the airflow near the fins 103, and simultaneously cleans and applies cooling water to the fins 103. This facilitates the detection of deformation and root fracture of the fins 103, and alerts the staff to ensure their service life and heat dissipation effect. The mechanism also blows air onto the surface of the oil seal 105, not only cleaning it to prevent impurities from adhering, but also cooling it to ensure its performance and service life, thereby ensuring the performance and service life of the planetary reducer.

[0051] The coating mechanism includes a first annular cover 201, which is connected to the side wall of the main body 101 via a moving mechanism. Multiple connecting tubes 203 are fixedly inserted into the side wall of the first annular cover 201 near the main body 101, and the other end of each connecting tube 203 is fixedly connected to a hollow U-shaped cover 202. Multiple through holes 204 are provided on the side wall of the U-shaped cover 202, and a U-shaped sponge block 205 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the U-shaped cover 202, allowing the sponge block 205 to slide on the surface of the fins 103. The side wall of the first annular cover 201 is provided with a mechanism for applying the coating to the first annular cover 201. The internal cooling water supply mechanism moves the first annular cover 201 and the U-shaped cover 202 via a moving mechanism. When the first annular cover 201 moves, the sponge block 205 slides on the surface of the fin 103. When the first annular cover 201 moves, cooling water can be supplied into the first annular cover 201 through the water supply mechanism. Then, the water enters the U-shaped cover 202 through the connecting pipe 203 and is absorbed by the sponge block 205 through the through hole 204. The water is then applied to the surface of the fin 103, which not only cleans the surface but also improves its heat dissipation effect.

[0052] The testing mechanism includes a mounting plate 301 fixedly connected to the side wall of the U-shaped cover 202. Multiple movable rods 302 are inserted into the side wall of the mounting plate 301. One end of each movable rod 302 is fixedly connected to a disc 310, and the other end of each movable rod 302 is provided with a ball bearing 303. A first spring 304 is sleeved on the side wall of each movable rod 302. A first connecting block 308 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the mounting plate 301. Two symmetrically arranged first T-shaped guide rods 309 are inserted into the side wall of the first connecting block 308. One end of each first T-shaped guide rod 309 is fixedly connected to a V-shaped block 311. A first return spring 312 is fitted on the side wall of 309. The disc 310 can slide on the side wall of the V-shaped block 311. A moving plate 306 is fixedly connected to the end of the first T-shaped guide rod 309 away from the V-shaped block 311. A push pin 307 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the moving plate 306. Two symmetrically arranged sleeves 314 are fixedly connected to the end of the first annular cover 201. A sleeve rod 315 is inserted into each sleeve 314. A telescopic spring 316 is fitted on the side wall of each sleeve 314. A detection ring 305 is fixedly connected to the other end of the sleeve rod 315. A detection ring 305 is fixedly inserted into the side wall of the detection ring 305. A distance sensor 313 is provided, and a detection component for detecting root fracture of the fin 103 is provided on the side wall of the main body 101. When the U-shaped cover 202 moves, multiple balls 303 can slide on the surface of the fin 103 via the mounting plate 301. At the same time, under the action of the first spring 304, the balls 303 exert a compressive force on the fin 103. However, this compressive force is small and will not cause deformation of the fin 103. When pits or protrusions appear on the surface of the fin 103, the moving rod 302 will move, and at the same time, it will drive the disc 310 along the V-shaped block. The sidewall of 311 slides, thereby pushing the first T-shaped guide rod 309 to move. The first return spring 312 is compressed and drives the moving plate 306 to move. When the moving plate 306 moves, it can drive the push pin 307 to move and abut against the sidewall of the detection ring 305, which can push the detection ring 305 to move away from the first annular cover 201. At the same time, the telescopic spring 316 is stretched and detected by the distance sensor 313, which facilitates the detection of the deformation state of the fin 103 and reminds the staff to ensure its service life and heat dissipation effect.

[0053] The detection assembly includes multiple fixing blocks 402 fixedly connected to the side wall of the main body 101. Two symmetrically arranged second T-shaped guide rods 403 are inserted into the side wall of each fixing block 402. A pushing block 405 is fixedly connected to one end of each second T-shaped guide rod 403. The pushing block 405 includes two symmetrically arranged inclined surfaces 406. A second spring 404 is sleeved on the side wall of each second T-shaped guide rod 403. A first pushing rod 401 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the disc 310 closest to the main body 101 on each mounting plate 301. The first pushing rod 401 can slide on the inclined surface 406. When the first pushing rod 401 abuts against the inclined surface 406, if the fin 10... If the root of fin 103 is not broken, the moving rod 302 cannot move, thus pushing the pushing block 405 to move closer to the fixed block 402. At the same time, the second spring 404 is compressed. If the root of fin 103 is broken, the disc 310 and the moving rod 302 can be pushed to move, causing the disc 310 to slide along the side wall of the V-shaped block 311. This pushes the detection ring 305 to move away from the first annular cover 201 and is detected by the distance sensor 313. This facilitates the detection of the root breakage of fin 103 and reminds the staff to ensure its service life and heat dissipation effect.

[0054] The cleaning mechanism includes a U-shaped plate 1001 fixedly connected to the side wall of the U-shaped cover 202. Multiple brush heads 1002 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the U-shaped plate 1001, and the brush heads 1002 can slide on the surface of the fins 103. When the first annular cover 201 moves, it can drive the U-shaped plate 1001 and the brush heads 1002 to move synchronously. At this time, the brush heads 1002 can clean the surface of the fins 103, ensuring its heat dissipation effect and service life.

[0055] The cleaning mechanism includes a hollow second annular cover 501 fixedly connected to the end of the main body 101, and the second annular cover 501 is sleeved on the side wall of the output shaft 102. An annular gap 502 is provided between the second annular cover 501 and the output shaft 102. A rectangular cover 504 is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the main body 101. An exhaust pipe 506 is fixedly connected between the rectangular cover 504 and the second annular cover 501. The side wall of the second annular cover 501 near the output shaft 102 has multiple first air holes 503, and the side wall of the rectangular cover 504 near the fins 103 has multiple second air holes 505. An exhaust mechanism is provided on the side wall of the exhaust pipe 506. The exhaust mechanism uses the exhaust pipe 506 to draw air, allowing air near the fins 103 to enter the rectangular cover 504 through the second air blowing hole 505. This accelerates the airflow near the fins 103, improving the heat dissipation effect of the fins 103. Then, the air enters the second annular cover 501 through the exhaust pipe 506 and is blown onto the surface of the oil seal 105 through the first air blowing hole 503. Finally, it is discharged through the annular gap 502. This not only cleans the surface of the oil seal 105 by blowing air to prevent impurities from adhering, but also cools the oil seal 105 by blowing air, ensuring its performance and lifespan, thereby ensuring the performance and lifespan of the planetary reducer.

[0056] The water supply mechanism includes a fixing plate 901 fixedly connected to the side wall of the first annular cover 201, and a working cylinder 902 fixedly inserted into the top of the fixing plate 901. A piston 909 is slidably connected inside the working cylinder 902. A second return spring is fixedly connected between the piston 909 and the working cylinder 902, and a second push rod 906 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston 909. A U-shaped frame 907 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the main body 101, and multiple triangular blocks 908 are fixedly connected to the top of the U-shaped frame 907. The lower end of the second push rod 906 can move along... The sidewall of the triangular block 908 slides, and a water storage tank 904 is fixedly connected to the end of the main body 101. The water storage tank 904 avoids the input shaft 104 to prevent interference. The working cylinder 902 is connected to the first annular cover 201 through the first flexible hose 903, and the working cylinder 902 is connected to the water storage tank 904 through the second flexible hose 905. A first one-way valve is provided in the first flexible hose 903, and the conduction direction of the first flexible hose 903 is from the working cylinder 902 to the first annular cover 201. A second one-way valve is provided in the second flexible hose 905. The flow direction is from the water storage tank 904 to the working cylinder 902. When the first annular cover 201 moves, it can drive the working cylinder 902 to move through the fixed plate 901. When the lower end of the second push rod 906 abuts against the triangular block 908, it can push the piston 909 to move upward along the working cylinder 902. At the same time, the second return spring is compressed. When the lower end of the second push rod 906 passes the triangular block 908, the piston 909 can move downward to return to its original position under the action of the second return spring. This process is repeated to allow the piston 909 to return to its original position. The piston 909 moves back and forth inside the working cylinder 902. When the piston 909 moves downward, it creates a negative pressure inside the working cylinder 902. At the same time, the first one-way valve closes and the second one-way valve opens, allowing the cooling water in the water storage tank 904 to enter the working cylinder 902 through the second hose 905. When the piston 909 moves upward, it can squeeze the cooling water inside the working cylinder 902. At the same time, the first one-way valve opens and the second one-way valve closes, allowing the cooling water in the working cylinder 902 to enter the first annular cover 201 through the first hose 903.

[0057] The exhaust mechanism includes a fixed housing 601 fixedly inserted into the side wall of the exhaust pipe 506. A fan 603 is rotatably connected inside the fixed housing 601 via a first rotating shaft 602. One end of the first rotating shaft 602 is fixedly connected to a first driven bevel gear 604. A first support plate 605 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the fixed housing 601. A rotating rod 606 passes through the top of the first support plate 605, and a first driving bevel gear 608 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating rod 606. The first driving bevel gear 608 and the first driven bevel gear 604... The lower end of the rotating rod 606 is fixedly connected to a rubber wheel 607. The rubber wheel 607 can roll on the side wall of the output shaft 102. When the output shaft 102 rotates, it can drive the rubber wheel 607 to rotate, thereby driving the first driving bevel gear 608 to rotate through the rotating rod 606, and then driving the first driven bevel gear 604 to rotate. When the first driven bevel gear 604 rotates, it can drive the fan 603 to rotate through the first rotating shaft 602. At this time, the exhaust pipe 506 can be used for exhaust operation.

[0058] The moving mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged second support plates 701 fixedly connected to the side wall of the main body 101. Two symmetrically arranged guide rods 702 are fixedly connected to the opposite side walls of the two second support plates 701. A slider 703 is sleeved on the side wall of each guide rod 702, and the slider 703 is fixed to the top of the first annular cover 201. A third spring 704 is sleeved on the side wall of each guide rod 702. An L-shaped block 705 is fixedly connected to the top of the second support plate 701. A roller 707 is rotatably connected to the top of the L-shaped block 705 via a second rotating shaft 706. A second driven bevel gear 710 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the second rotating shaft 706. A pull rope 708 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the roller 707, and the other end of the pull rope 708 is fixed to the top of the slider 703 via a second connecting block 709. The side wall of the second support plate 701 is connected to the third rotating shaft 704. A second driving bevel gear 712 is rotatably connected to the first rotating shaft 602. The second driving bevel gear 712 meshes with the second driven bevel gear 710. A connecting mechanism is provided between the third rotating shaft 711 and the first rotating shaft 602. When the first rotating shaft 602 rotates, it can drive the third rotating shaft 711 to rotate through the connecting mechanism. When the third rotating shaft 711 rotates, it can drive the second driving bevel gear 712 to rotate. At the same time, the second driven bevel gear 710 drives the second rotating shaft 706 and the roller 707 to rotate, thereby winding up the pull rope 708 and pulling the slider 703 to slide along the guide rod 702. The third spring 704 is compressed. When the slider 703 moves, it can drive the first annular cover 201 and the U-shaped cover 202 to move, and drive the detection ring 305 to move through the telescopic spring 316.

[0059] The connecting mechanism includes multiple first grooves 801 formed on the side wall of the first rotating shaft 602, and multiple second grooves 802 formed on the side wall of the third rotating shaft 711. A plug 803 is slidably connected in the second groove 802, and an iron ring 804 is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the plug 803. Multiple stops 805 are fixedly connected to the side wall of the third rotating shaft 711, and a fourth spring 806 is fixedly connected between the stops 805 and the iron ring 804. An electromagnet 807 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the stops 805. When the electromagnet 807 is energized, it attracts the iron ring 804, causing the iron ring 804 to move closer to the stops 805. At the same time, the fourth spring 806 is compressed, and the plug 803 slides along the second groove 802 and inserts into the first groove 801. At this time, the power between the first rotating shaft 602 and the third rotating shaft 711 is connected. Telescopic covers can be provided on the outside of the connecting mechanism and each spring for protection.

[0060] Working Principle: During operation, when the output shaft 102 rotates, it drives the rubber wheel 607 to rotate, which in turn drives the first driving bevel gear 608 to rotate via the rotating rod 606, which in turn drives the first driven bevel gear 604 to rotate. When the first driven bevel gear 604 rotates, it drives the fan 603 to rotate via the first rotating shaft 602. At this time, the exhaust pipe 506 can be used to draw air, allowing air near the fins 103 to enter the rectangular cover 504 through the second air blowing hole 505, accelerating the airflow near the fins 103 and improving the heat dissipation effect of the fins 103. Then, the air enters the second annular cover 501 through the exhaust pipe 506 and is blown onto the surface of the oil seal 105 through the first air blowing hole 503. Finally, it is discharged through the annular gap 502. This not only cleans the surface of the oil seal 105 by blowing air to prevent impurities from adhering, but also cools the oil seal 105 by blowing air, ensuring its performance and lifespan, thereby ensuring the performance and lifespan of the planetary reducer.

[0061] In use, the electromagnet 807 can be energized, attracting the iron ring 804, causing it to move closer to the stop block 805. Simultaneously, the fourth spring 806 is compressed, causing the insert block 803 to slide along the second slide groove 802 and insert into the first slide groove 801. At this time, the power between the first rotating shaft 602 and the third rotating shaft 711 is connected. When the third rotating shaft 711 rotates, it can drive the second driving bevel gear 712 to rotate. At the same time, the second driven bevel gear 710 drives the second rotating shaft 706 and the roller 707 to rotate, thereby winding up the pull rope 708 and pulling the slider 703 to slide along the guide rod 702. The third spring 704 is compressed. When the slider 703 moves, it can drive the first annular cover 201 and the U-shaped cover 202 to move, and the telescopic spring 316 drives the detection ring 305 to move.

[0062] When the first annular cover 201 moves, it drives the U-shaped plate 1001 and the brush head 1002 to move synchronously. At this time, the brush head 1002 can clean the surface of the fins 103, ensuring its heat dissipation effect and service life. At the same time, the sponge block 205 slides on the surface of the fins 103. When the first annular cover 201 moves, it can drive the working cylinder 902 to move through the fixing plate 901. When the lower end of the second push rod 906 abuts against the triangular block 908, it can push the piston 909 to move upward along the working cylinder 902. At the same time, the second return spring is compressed. When the lower end of the second push rod 906 passes the triangular block 908, the piston 909 can move downward to return to its original position under the action of the second return spring. This process is repeated to make the piston 909 move downward to return to its original position. The piston 909 reciprocates within the working cylinder 902. When the piston 909 moves downward, it creates a negative pressure within the working cylinder 902. Simultaneously, the first one-way valve closes and the second one-way valve opens, allowing cooling water from the water storage tank 904 to enter the working cylinder 902 through the second hose 905. When the piston 909 moves upward, it squeezes the cooling water within the working cylinder 902. At the same time, the first one-way valve opens and the second one-way valve closes, allowing the cooling water from the working cylinder 902 to enter the first annular cover 201 through the first hose 903. Then, it enters the U-shaped cover 202 through the connecting pipe 203 and is absorbed by the sponge block 205 through the through hole 204. Finally, it is coated onto the surface of the fins 103, which not only cleans the surface but also improves its heat dissipation effect.

[0063] Furthermore, when the U-shaped cover 202 moves, the mounting plate 301 drives multiple ball bearings 303 to slide on the surface of the fin 103. Simultaneously, under the action of the first spring 304, the ball bearings 303 exert a compressive force on the fin 103. However, this compressive force is small and will not cause deformation of the fin 103. When pits or protrusions appear on the surface of the fin 103, the moving rod 302 will move, simultaneously driving the disc 310 to slide along the side wall of the V-shaped block 311, thereby pushing the first T-shaped guide rod. When 309 moves, the first return spring 312 is compressed, which drives the moving plate 306 to move. When the moving plate 306 moves, it can drive the push pin 307 to move and abut against the side wall of the detection ring 305, which can push the detection ring 305 to move away from the first annular cover 201. At the same time, the telescopic spring 316 is stretched and detected by the distance sensor 313, which facilitates the detection of the deformation state of the fin 103 and reminds the staff to ensure its service life and heat dissipation effect.

[0064] When the first push rod 401 abuts against the inclined surface 406, if the root of the fin 103 is not broken, the moving rod 302 cannot move, thus pushing the push block 405 to move closer to the fixed block 402. At the same time, the second spring 404 is compressed. If the root of the fin 103 is broken, the disc 310 and the moving rod 302 can be pushed to move, causing the disc 310 to slide along the side wall of the V-shaped block 311. This pushes the detection ring 305 to move away from the first annular cover 201 and is detected by the distance sensor 313. This facilitates the detection of the root breakage of the fin 103 and reminds the staff to ensure its service life and heat dissipation effect.

[0065] After cleaning and testing are completed, the electromagnet 807 is de-energized. At this time, the iron ring 804 can move away from the stop block 805 under the action of the fourth spring 806 and reset. At the same time, it drives the insert block 803 to exit from the first slide groove 801, so that the power of the third rotating shaft 711 and the first rotating shaft 602 is disconnected. At this time, the slider 703 can move along the guide rod 702 and reset under the action of the third spring 704. At the same time, the slider 703 drives the first annular cover 201 and the detection ring 305 to move and reset.

[0066] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0067] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A planetary reducer with external protection structure, comprising a main body (101), an input shaft (104), an output shaft (102), an oil seal (105) is arranged between the output shaft (102) and the main body (101), and a plurality of fins (103) are arranged on the side wall of the main body (101), characterized in that, Also include: The smearing mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the main body (101), which is used for smearing the surface of the fin (103) with cooling water; The detection mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the main body (101), which is used for detecting the deformation of the fin (103); The cleaning mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the main body (101), which is used for blowing and cleaning the oil seal (105); The detection mechanism includes a mounting plate (301) fixedly connected to the side wall of the U-shaped cover (202), and a plurality of moving rods (302) are inserted into the side wall of the mounting plate (301), one end of the moving rod (302) is fixedly connected with a disc (310), and the other end of the moving rod (302) is provided with a ball (303), the side wall of the moving rod (302) is sleeved with a first spring (304), and the side wall of the mounting plate (301) is fixedly connected with a first connecting block (308), the side wall of the first connecting block (308) is inserted with two symmetrically arranged first T-shaped guide rods (309), one end of the first T-shaped guide rod (309) is fixedly connected with a V-shaped block (311), the side wall of the first T-shaped guide rod (309) is sleeved with a first reset spring (312), the disc (310) can slide on the side wall of the V-shaped block (311), and one end of the first T-shaped guide rod (309) away from the V-shaped block (311) is fixedly connected with a moving plate (306), the side wall of the moving plate (306) is fixedly connected with a push pin (307), and the end of the first annular cover (201) is fixedly connected with two symmetrically arranged sleeves (314), each sleeve (314) is inserted with a sleeve rod (315), the side wall of each sleeve (314) is sleeved with a telescopic spring (316), and the other end of the sleeve rod (315) is fixedly connected with a detection ring (305), the side wall of the detection ring (305) is fixedly inserted with a distance sensor (313), and the side wall of the main body (101) is provided with a detection assembly for detecting the root fracture of the fin (103); The cleaning mechanism includes a second annular cover (501) fixedly connected to the end of the main body (101) and arranged in a hollow manner, and the second annular cover (501) is sleeved on the side wall of the output shaft (102), an annular gap (502) is arranged between the second annular cover (501) and the output shaft (102), and a rectangular cover (504) is fixedly sleeved on the side wall of the main body (101), an air suction pipe (506) is fixedly connected between the rectangular cover (504) and the second annular cover (501), a plurality of first air blowing holes (503) are formed in the side wall of the second annular cover (501) close to the output shaft (102), a plurality of second air blowing holes (505) are formed in the side wall of the rectangular cover (504) close to the fin (103), and an air suction mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the air suction pipe (506). ​ 2. A planetary speed reducer with an external protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smearing mechanism comprises a first annular cover (201), the first annular cover (201) is connected with the side wall of the main body (101) through a moving mechanism, a plurality of connecting pipes (203) are fixedly arranged on the side wall of the first annular cover (201) close to the side wall of the main body (101), and the other end of each connecting pipe (203) is fixedly connected with a hollow U-shaped cover (202), a plurality of through holes (204) are formed in the side wall of the U-shaped cover (202), and a U-shaped sponge block (205) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the U-shaped cover (202), so that the sponge block (205) can slide on the surface of the fin (103), and the side wall of the first annular cover (201) is provided with a water supply mechanism for supplying cooling water into the first annular cover (201).

3. A planetary speed reducer with an external protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection assembly comprises a plurality of fixed blocks (402) fixedly connected to the side wall of the main body (101), the side wall of the fixed block (402) is provided with two symmetrically arranged second T-shaped guide rods (403), one end of the second T-shaped guide rod (403) is fixedly connected with a pushing block (405), the pushing block (405) comprises two symmetrically arranged inclined surfaces (406), the side wall of each second T-shaped guide rod (403) is sleeved with a second spring (404), and the side wall of each mounting plate (301) closest to the disc (310) of the main body (101) is fixedly connected with a first pushing rod (401), and the first pushing rod (401) can slide on the inclined surface (406).

4. A planetary speed reducer with an external protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism comprises a U-shaped plate (1001) fixedly connected to the side wall of the U-shaped cover (202), and the side wall of the U-shaped plate (1001) is fixedly connected with a plurality of brush heads (1002), and the brush heads (1002) can slide on the surface of the fin (103).

5. A planetary speed reducer with an external protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water supply mechanism comprises a fixed plate (901) fixedly connected to the side wall of the first annular cover (201), and a working cylinder (902) is fixedly arranged on the top of the fixed plate (901), the working cylinder (902) is slidably connected with a piston (909), a second return spring is fixedly connected between the piston (909) and the working cylinder (902), the bottom of the piston (909) is fixedly connected with a second pushing rod (906), the side wall of the main body (101) is fixedly connected with a U-shaped frame (907), the top of the U-shaped frame (907) is fixedly connected with a plurality of triangular blocks (908), the lower end of the second pushing rod (906) can slide along the side wall of the triangular block (908), the end of the main body (101) is fixedly connected with a water storage tank (904), the working cylinder (902) is communicated with the first annular cover (201) through a first hose (903), the working cylinder (902) is communicated with the water storage tank (904) through a second hose (905), a first one-way valve is arranged in the first hose (903), and a second one-way valve is arranged in the second hose (905).

6. A planetary speed reducer with an external protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air extraction mechanism comprises a fixed box (601) fixedly inserted in the sidewall of the air extraction pipe (506), a fan (603) is rotationally connected in the fixed box (601) through a first rotating shaft (602), one end of the first rotating shaft (602) is fixedly connected with a first driven bevel gear (604), the sidewall of the fixed box (601) is fixedly connected with a first supporting plate (605), the top of the first supporting plate (605) is connected through a rotating rod (606), the upper end of the rotating rod (606) is fixedly connected with a first driving bevel gear (608), the first driving bevel gear (608) is engaged with the first driven bevel gear (604), and the lower end of the rotating rod (606) is fixedly connected with a rubber wheel (607), which can roll on the sidewall of the output shaft (102).

7. A planetary speed reducer with an external protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The moving mechanism comprises two symmetrically arranged second supporting plates (701) fixedly connected to the sidewall of the main body (101), the opposite sidewalls of the two second supporting plates (701) are fixedly connected with two symmetrically arranged guide rods (702), the sidewall of the guide rod (702) is sleeved with a sliding block (703), and the top of the sliding block (703) is fixed to the first annular cover (201); the sidewall of each guide rod (702) is sleeved with a third spring (704), the top of the second supporting plate (701) is fixedly connected with an L-shaped block (705), the top of the L-shaped block (705) is rotationally connected with a roller (707) through a second rotating shaft (706), the lower end of the second rotating shaft (706) is fixedly connected with a second driven bevel gear (710), the sidewall of the roller (707) is fixedly connected with a pull rope (708), the other end of the pull rope (708) is fixedly connected with the top of the sliding block (703) through a second connecting block (709), the sidewall of the second supporting plate (701) is rotationally connected with a second driving bevel gear (712) through a third rotating shaft (711), the second driving bevel gear (712) is engaged with the second driven bevel gear (710), and a connecting mechanism is arranged between the third rotating shaft (711) and the first rotating shaft (602).

8. A planetary speed reducer with an external protection structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting mechanism comprises a plurality of first sliding grooves (801) formed in the sidewall of the first rotating shaft (602), a plurality of second sliding grooves (802) are formed in the sidewall of the third rotating shaft (711), a plug (803) is slidably connected in the second sliding groove (802), an iron ring (804) is fixedly sleeved on the sidewall of the plug (803), a plurality of stop blocks (805) are fixedly connected to the sidewall of the third rotating shaft (711), a fourth spring (806) is fixedly connected between the stop block (805) and the iron ring (804), and an electromagnet (807) is fixedly connected to the sidewall of the stop block (805).

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