Method for measuring and analyzing inclination of concrete tower of wind turbine generator

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of wind turbine concrete tower cylinder inclination measurement and analysis method, comprising the following steps: determining the station of total station, station and measuring point position change station;Roundness detection is carried out to ring piece;To the joint misalignment detection of ring piece;The horizontal deviation of the center of the upper observation surface and the lower observation surface is calculated, the height difference of the upper observation surface and the lower observation surface, and the inclination of wind turbine tower is calculated;Maximum settlement and inclination direction are calculated, and the inclination of tower caused by uneven settlement of foundation is obtained;The inclination of tower caused by wind load and the inclination direction of tower are calculated by vector operation;Determine whether wind load has influence on tower inclination;Comprehensive evaluation is carried out, and the abnormal area of roundness and joint misalignment is determined, and treatment opinion is proposed.The application can accurately identify various tower inclination reasons, provide scientific basis for wind farm operation and management, and ensure safe and efficient operation of wind turbine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind power, and in particular to a method for measuring and analyzing the tilt of concrete towers of wind turbines. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, concrete towers are widely used in wind turbine support structures due to their excellent stability and high rigidity. As the basic unit of the concrete tower, precast concrete rings are susceptible to multiple factors during service. Construction issues such as abnormal ring roundness and misalignment during assembly, as well as long-term operational factors such as uneven foundation settlement and wind loads, can all lead to tower tilting. In extreme cases, this tilting can even cause the tower to collapse, resulting in serious safety accidents.

[0003] To accurately measure tower tilt, the following four main influencing factors need to be considered in actual engineering:

[0004] (1) Abnormal deviation in tower roundness;

[0005] Large-diameter precast concrete rings may exhibit roundness abnormalities during manufacturing due to insufficient mold machining precision or process defects. Furthermore, areas of roundness abnormalities may also form during transportation, installation, and operation. Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 P1 and P2 are both areas of abnormal roundness, while P3 and P4 are areas of normal roundness. According to GB / T 19072 "Wind Turbine Generator Tower" standard, the standard for judging abnormal roundness is that the deviation rate of the diameter of each ring from the nominal diameter does not exceed 1%. The tower tilting direction caused by this factor often has no clear direction and has the characteristic of randomness.

[0006] (2) Deviation of the plane of the tower ring plate;

[0007] During the hoisting and splicing of tower ring sections, improper construction process control can easily lead to misalignment and deviation in the splicing of the ring sections, such as... Figure 2 As shown. According to the "Construction Specification for Concrete-Steel Hybrid Tower of Wind Turbine" (NB / T 10908-2021), the tower tilt Δ2 caused by the misalignment error of the plane joint of the concrete tower ring shall not exceed 5mm. The tilt direction of the tower caused by this factor is related to the assembly direction of the ring.

[0008] (3) Uneven settlement of the foundation;

[0009] During the construction and operation of wind turbines, the foundation may experience uneven settlement due to factors such as geological conditions, defects in surveying and design, construction quality issues, or the effects of groundwater. Tower tilting caused by these factors often exhibits a clear directionality (consistent with the orientation of foundation settlement, which can be determined through settlement monitoring), and in severe cases, can lead to the complete collapse of the wind turbine.

[0010] (4) the tower structure deformation caused by long-term action of wind load;

[0011] The time-varying nature and the uncertainty of the direction of the wind load can cause the tower to produce cumulative fatigue damage, and the tower structure can be tilted in the main wind direction with the rigidity decreased, and the tilt direction is usually consistent with the main wind direction.

[0012] At present, the full station instrument measurement method is mainly used for the on-site measurement of the wind turbine tower tilt, the full station instrument measurement method uses the high-precision full station instrument to measure the observation surface of the bottom and the top of the tower, and obtains the three-dimensional coordinate data; the tilt amount and the tilt direction of the tower are calculated by processing the data, so that the tilt degree of the tower is calculated. However, in the traditional full station instrument measurement practice, different types of tilt amount are often not distinguished in detail, so that the final measurement result is difficult to provide accurate and targeted suggestions to the owner, and the practicability and reliability of the detection result are affected. SUMMARY

[0013] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a wind turbine concrete tower tilt measurement and analysis method with simple algorithm and high measurement precision.

[0014] The technical scheme for solving the above technical problems is: a wind turbine concrete tower tilt measurement and analysis method, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1: determining the stationing points, the station changing points and the measurement point positions of the full station instrument on site, so as to ensure that the coordinate system is always unique during the detection process;

[0016] S2: measuring by using the prism-free mode of the full station instrument, and using the full station instrument to detect the roundness of the ring piece according to the three-coordinate principle; if the roundness of the ring piece is abnormal, the roundness detection of the ring piece at other vertical positions is converted again until the roundness detection is qualified; and the test results of the roundness abnormal ring piece are recorded and submitted;

[0017] S3: detecting the joint misalignment of the roundness qualified ring piece, if the joint misalignment detection does not meet the specification requirements, i.e. the joint misalignment detection is unqualified, the joint misalignment detection of other ring pieces is converted again until the joint misalignment detection is qualified; and the test results of the joint misalignment detection ring piece are recorded and submitted;

[0018] S4: the roundness abnormal detection of the joint misalignment qualified ring piece is performed again according to step S2 until the detected ring piece meets the roundness detection and the joint misalignment detection qualified at the same time, and the next stage of the tower overall tilt measurement is entered;

[0019] S5: Determine the horizontal joint of the ring piece with both the roundness detection and the joint misalignment detection being qualified as the upper observation surface and the lower observation surface on the total station, calculate the coordinates of the center of the upper observation surface ring piece and the center of the lower observation surface ring piece according to the three coordinate principle; calculate the horizontal deviation Δ of the center of the upper observation surface and the center of the lower observation surface and the height difference of the center of the upper observation surface and the center of the lower observation surface through the center coordinates of the upper observation surface ring piece and the center coordinates of the lower observation surface ring piece H , and calculate the inclination of the wind turbine tower;

[0020] S6: Retrieve the foundation settlement monitoring record of the detected wind turbine, measure the coordinates of each settlement monitoring point by using the total station, calculate the maximum settlement and the inclination direction; combine the height of the observation surface and the diameter of the bottom section tower D , and calculate the tower inclination Δ3 caused by the uneven settlement of the foundation by using the similar triangle principle;

[0021] S7: According to Δ and Δ3, calculate the tower inclination Δ4 caused by wind load and the tower inclination direction through vector operation;

[0022] S8: Collect data to determine the main wind direction of the detected wind turbine, compare it with the tower inclination direction caused by wind load calculated, and judge whether the wind load has an impact on the tower inclination;

[0023] S9: Carry out comprehensive evaluation, determine the abnormal area of roundness and joint misalignment and propose treatment suggestions; judge whether Δ3 and Δ4 meet the specification standards.

[0024] The above-mentioned wind turbine concrete tower inclination measurement and analysis method, in step S2, the non-prism measurement mode of the total station is used to take 6 measurement points on the same horizontal plane of the detection ring piece uniformly and equidistantly, and when the roundness is detected, 3 measurement points are selected from the 6 measurement points, and the diameter of the ring piece is calculated according to the three coordinate principle as follows:

[0025]

[0026] In the formula, , are the horizontal coordinate and the vertical coordinate of the center of the ring piece obtained according to the three coordinate principle of the selected 3 measurement points, , are the horizontal coordinate and the vertical coordinate of any measurement point in the selected 3 measurement points, is the diameter of the ring piece obtained by the nth calculation; i The roundness detection result meets:

[0027]

[0028]

[0029] In the formula,​​D non Design nominal diameter for tower drum;

[0030] When D i With D non The relationship between the above formula, indicating that the detection ring piece meet the roundness detection requirements; if D i With D non The relationship between the above formula, indicating that the detection ring piece meet the roundness detection requirements, converted to other vertical position ring piece again for roundness detection, to eliminate the roundness abnormal error caused by tower drum tilt Δ1.

[0031] The above wind turbine concrete tower tilt measurement and analysis method, the step S2, known to the three observation surface measurement points A 1、 B 1、 C 1's coordinates are respectively A 1( x 1, y 1 ,z 1)、 B 1( x 2, y 2, z 2)、 C 1( x 3, y 3, z 3), x 1、 y 1、 z 1 respectively for the measurement point A 1's x 、 y 、 z Axis coordinates, x 2、 y 2、 z 2 respectively for the measurement point B 1's x 、 y 、 z Axis coordinates, x 3、 y 3、 z 3 respectively for the measurement point C 1's x 、 y 、 z Axis coordinates;

[0032] The vertical bisector of the segment A1B1 , the vertical bisector of the segment B1C1 Respectively as:

[0033] ;

[0034] ;

[0035] Let L 1= L 2, the coordinates of the upper observation surface center O 1 is O 1( x 01 , y 01 ), x 01 , y 01 respectively, the O , x , y axis coordinates of the upper observation surface center

[0036] ;

[0037] ;

[0038] Similarly, the coordinates of the lower observation surface center O 2 is O 2( x 02 , y 02 ), x 02 , y 02 respectively, the O , x , y axis coordinates of the lower observation surface center

[0039] The above wind turbine concrete tower inclination measurement and analysis method, in step S3, based on the camera, sensor and image processing algorithm carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle, the joint misalignment is detected by the unmanned aerial vehicle, if the joint misalignment exceeds 5mm, the joint misalignment detection is unqualified, other ring pieces are selected again for detection, until qualified, then the subsequent tower overall inclination detection is carried out, in order to eliminate the tower inclination Δ2 caused by the ring piece plane joint misalignment error.

[0040] The above wind turbine concrete tower inclination measurement and analysis method, in step S5, the coordinates of the upper observation surface center O 1 and the coordinates of the lower observation surface center O 2 are calculated to obtain Δ:

[0041]

[0042] Further calculationH :

[0043]

[0044] wherein, H 1 and H 2 are the heights of the upper observation surface and the lower observation surface, respectively;

[0045] Substitute Δ and H into the following formula to calculate the inclination of the wind turbine tower I :

[0046] .

[0047] The concrete tower inclination measurement and analysis method of the wind turbine, the specific process of the step S6 is:

[0048] S61: Determine the position coordinates of each settlement monitoring point by arranging a prism on the settlement monitoring point and measuring;

[0049] S62: According to the historical settlement observation record of the detected wind turbine, determine the maximum settlement of the foundation h and its direction, combined with the coordinates of the settlement monitoring point, determine the inclination direction of the tower caused by the uneven settlement of the foundation of the detected wind turbine;

[0050] S63: Calculate the inclination Δ3 of the tower caused by the uneven settlement of the foundation.

[0051] In the concrete tower inclination measurement and analysis method of the wind turbine, in the step S63, based on three-coordinate measurement, the height of the observation surface and the diameter of the bottom section of the tower are determined by using a total station instrument measurement D , the inclination Δ3 of the tower caused by the uneven settlement of the foundation is calculated according to the geometric principle of similar triangles;

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] wherein, Δ 31 and Δ 32 are the lateral displacement of the tower caused by the uneven settlement of the tower foundation of the upper observation surface and the lower observation surface, respectively;

[0055] and satisfy:

[0056] .

[0057] The concrete tower inclination measurement and analysis method of the wind turbine, the specific process of the step S8 is:

[0058] S81: Investigate the relevant data of the wind rose diagram on site to determine the direction of the main wind frequency;

[0059] S82: compare the main wind direction with the tower tilt direction caused by wind load, when the deviation of the two directions is less than the set threshold, it is determined that the wind load has an impact on the tower tilt; when the deviation of the two directions is greater than or equal to the threshold, it is determined that the wind load has no impact on the tower tilt.

[0060] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0061] 1. For the four potential reasons for the tilt of the concrete tower, the present application based on the three coordinate measurement principle and the prism-free measurement mode of the high-precision total station, innovatively proposes a comprehensive on-site detection method integrating tower tilt measurement, unmanned aerial vehicle close-in detection, ring piece roundness detection and foundation uneven settlement observation, aiming to accurately identify and exclude the tilt problems caused by construction factors, and effectively exclude the tower tilt caused by ring piece roundness deviation and wrong table deviation through the use of advanced means such as ring piece roundness detection and unmanned aerial vehicle close-in observation.

[0062] 2. The present application can accurately calculate the tilt amount and its direction caused by uneven foundation settlement through coordinate measurement of the on-site settlement monitoring point, combined with historical settlement observation records and similar triangle principle, and realize the accurate separation and quantitative evaluation of the tower tilt factors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0063] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the roundness abnormal area.

[0064] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the ring piece joint misalignment.

[0065] Figure 3 is the overall flowchart of the present application.

[0066] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of measuring the centers of the upper and lower observation surfaces of the tower by using a total station.

[0067] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of determining the center by using the three coordinate principle.

[0068] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of roundness detection.

[0069] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the horizontal deviation Δ of the centers of the upper and lower observation surfaces.

[0070] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of coordinate measurement of the wind turbine foundation settlement observation point.

[0071] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the tower tilt direction caused by uneven foundation settlement of the wind turbine.

[0072] Figure 10 This is a diagram illustrating the calculation principle of Δ3.

[0073] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between wind load and tilting caused by uneven settlement of the foundation.

[0074] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of Δ4 vector operations. Detailed Implementation

[0075] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0076] like Figure 3 As shown, a method for measuring and analyzing the tilt of a concrete tower for a wind turbine includes the following steps:

[0077] S1: Determine the locations of the total station's deployment points, replacement points, and measurement points on-site to ensure that the coordinate system remains unique throughout the testing process.

[0078] S2: Use the prism-free mode of the total station for measurement, and combine it with the three-coordinate principle to use the total station to check the roundness of the rings; if the roundness of the ring is abnormal, switch to other rings in different vertical positions and check the roundness again until the roundness is qualified; at the same time, record the test results of the rings with abnormal roundness and submit them.

[0079] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, Figure 6 A and B are the total station measurement points. Using the prism-free measurement mode of the total station, three measurement points are taken at equal intervals on the same horizontal plane of the test ring. After measurement, the coordinates of the three measurement points are determined.

[0080] According to the "Construction Specification for Concrete-Steel Hybrid Towers of Wind Turbines" (NB_T 10908-2021), concrete towers are assembled sequentially from rings, joints, tower sections, and tower segments. A single tower section is generally composed of 2-3 rings joined together by joints. Each ring is often prefabricated with steel molds, and after multiple pours, possible deformation of the steel molds may cause roundness deviations.

[0081] Using the prism-free measurement mode of a total station, six measuring points are taken at equal intervals on the same horizontal plane of the test ring. For roundness testing, three measuring points are randomly selected from these six, and the ring diameter is calculated using the following formula based on the coordinate measuring machine principle:

[0082]

[0083] , X1, Y1, X2, Y2, X3, Y3 are the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the ring center of the selected three measuring points according to the three coordinate principle, 、 X1, Y1, X2, Y2, X3, Y3 are the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the selected three measuring points according to the three coordinate principle, is the ring diameter obtained by the nth calculation; the number of calculations of the ring diameter i According to the combination number calculation formula , is the number of measuring points, which is 6 in this embodiment, so .

[0084] According to the requirements of "Wind Turbine Tower" GB / T19072, the roundness detection result meets:

[0085]

[0086] In the formula, D non is the design nominal diameter of the tower;

[0087] When the relationship between D i and D non satisfies the above formula, it indicates that the detection ring meets the roundness detection requirements; if the relationship between D i and D non does not satisfy the above formula, it indicates that the detection ring does not meet the roundness detection requirements, and the roundness detection is performed again on the ring at other vertical positions to eliminate the tower tilt Δ1 caused by the roundness abnormal error.

[0088] The coordinates of the three measuring points on the upper observation surface are known; A 1, B 1, C 1 are respectively A 1( x 1, y 1 ,z 1)、 B 1( x 2, y 2, z 2)、 C 1( x 3, y 3, z 3), x 1、 y 1、 z 1 are respectively the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the measuring point A 1, x y ​​​​、 z axis coordinates, x 2、 y 2、 z 2 respectively are the axis coordinates of the measuring point B 1 x 、 y 、 z axis coordinates, x 3、 y 3、 z 3 respectively are the axis coordinates of the measuring point C 1 x 、 y 、 z axis coordinates;

[0089] the perpendicular bisector of the line segment A1B1 , the perpendicular bisector of the line segment B1C1 are respectively denoted as:

[0090] ;

[0091] ;

[0092] Let L 1= L 2, the coordinates of the center of the upper observation surface circle O 1 O 1( x 01 , y 01 ) are obtained, x 01 、 y 01 respectively are the axis coordinates of the center of the upper observation surface circle O 1 x 、 y ;

[0093] ;

[0094] ;

[0095] Similarly, the coordinates of the center of the lower observation surface circle O 2 O 2( x 02 , y 02 ) are obtained, x 02 、 y 02 respectively are the axis coordinates of the center of the lower observation surface circle O 2 x 、 y .

[0096] S3: The ring piece that passes the roundness detection is subjected to joint misalignment detection. If the joint misalignment detection does not meet the specification requirements, that is, the joint misalignment detection is unqualified, the other ring piece is selected again for joint misalignment detection until the joint misalignment detection is qualified. Meanwhile, the test results of the ring piece subjected to the joint misalignment detection are recorded and submitted.

[0097] In step S3, the joint misalignment is detected by the unmanned aerial vehicle based on the camera, sensor and image processing algorithm (the unmanned aerial vehicle is mounted with a high-resolution visible light camera and a 30 Hz laser radar, sub-millimeter surface images and three-dimensional point clouds are synchronously collected, the centimeter-level pose is recorded by the IMU / RTK in real time, the images and the point clouds are accurately registered, the misalignment profile is extracted by using the deep learning crack segmentation network, the joint width variation is calculated by the sub-pixel displacement algorithm based on the structure light-vision fusion, and finally the detection report containing the coordinates, joint width and risk level is generated). If the joint misalignment exceeds 5 mm, the joint misalignment detection is unqualified, and other ring pieces are selected again for detection until the qualified ring pieces are obtained. Then, the whole tower tilt detection is performed to eliminate the tower tilt Δ2 caused by the ring piece flat joint misalignment error.

[0098] S4: The ring piece that passes the joint misalignment detection is subjected to roundness abnormality detection again according to step S2 until the detected ring piece meets the roundness detection and joint misalignment detection, and then the whole tower tilt measurement is performed.

[0099] S5: The horizontal joint of the ring piece that passes the roundness detection and the joint misalignment detection is determined as the upper observation surface and the lower observation surface of the total station, the coordinates of the center of the upper observation surface and the center of the lower observation surface are calculated based on the three-coordinate principle, the horizontal deviation Δ between the center of the upper observation surface and the center of the lower observation surface and the height difference between the center of the upper observation surface and the center of the lower observation surface are calculated based on the coordinates of the center of the upper observation surface and the center of the lower observation surface, and the wind turbine tower tilt is calculated. H

[0100] As shown in the formula, the coordinates of the center of the upper observation surface Figure 7 1 and the coordinates of the center of the lower observation surface O 2 are used to calculate Δ as follows: O

[0101]

[0102] Further calculation gives: H

[0103]

[0104] In the formula, h H 1 and h H 2 are the heights of the upper observation surface and the lower observation surface, respectively. ​​​

[0105] Substitute Δ and H into the following formula to calculate the inclination of the wind turbine tower I :

[0106] .

[0107] S6: Retrieve the foundation settlement monitoring record of the wind turbine being inspected, measure the coordinates of each settlement monitoring point using a total station, calculate the maximum settlement and inclination direction, and combine the height of the observation surface and the diameter of the bottom section of the tower to calculate the tower inclination Δ3 caused by uneven foundation settlement using the principle of similar triangles. D

[0108] The specific process of step S6 is as follows:

[0109] S61: Determine the coordinates of each settlement monitoring point by arranging prisms on the settlement monitoring points and measuring them, as shown in the blank triangle in Figure 8 , where 1, 2, 3, and 4 represent the four settlement monitoring points. Figure 8 S62: According to the historical settlement observation record of the wind turbine being inspected, determine the maximum settlement

[0110] and its direction, and combine the coordinates of the settlement monitoring points to determine the inclination direction of the tower caused by uneven foundation settlement of the wind turbine being inspected, as shown in h . Figure 9 S63: Calculate the tower inclination Δ3 caused by uneven foundation settlement.

[0111] Based on three-coordinate measurement, use a total station to measure the height of the observation surface and the diameter of the bottom section of the tower, as shown in

[0112] , where s1 is the upper observation surface and s2 is the lower observation surface. Calculate the tower inclination Δ3 caused by uneven foundation settlement using the principle of similar triangles. D Figure 10 Figure 10

[0113]

[0114]

[0115] where Δ 31 and Δ 32 are the lateral displacement of the tower caused by uneven foundation settlement of the upper and lower observation surfaces, respectively.

[0116] According to the allowable value of foundation deformation in the Design Standard of High-rise Structures (GB 50135-2019), the allowable value of wind turbine tower inclination is 0.4%, which needs to meet:

[0117] ​​​​ .

[0118] S7: According to Δ and Δ3, the inclination of the tower caused by the wind load Δ4 and the inclination direction of the tower are calculated by vector operation.

[0119] The inclination caused by the uneven settlement of the foundation and the long-term action of the wind load is the overall inclination of the tower. Compared with the linear inclination caused by the uneven settlement of the foundation, the inclination caused by the long-term action of the wind load has certain nonlinear characteristics, as shown in FIG. 4. Figure 11 Figure 11 wherein Δ'4 is the projection of Δ4 in the direction of Δ3. Vector calculation is performed on Δ and Δ3, as shown in FIG. 5, to calculate Δ4 and the inclination direction of the tower. Figure 12

[0120] S8: Collect data to determine the main wind direction of the wind turbine under test, and compare it with the inclination direction of the tower caused by the wind load to determine whether the wind load has an impact on the inclination of the tower.

[0121] The specific process of the step S8 is as follows:

[0122] S81: Investigate the on-site wind rose diagram related data to determine the main wind direction;

[0123] S82: Compare the main wind direction with the inclination direction of the tower caused by the wind load. When the deviation of the two directions is less than the set threshold, it is determined that the wind load has an impact on the inclination of the tower; when the deviation of the two directions is greater than or equal to the threshold, it is determined that the wind load has no impact on the inclination of the tower.

[0124] S9: Conduct comprehensive evaluation to determine the abnormal area of the roundness and the joint misalignment and propose treatment opinions; and determine whether Δ3 and Δ4 meet the specification standards.​​

Claims

1. A wind turbine generator concrete tower inclination measurement and analysis method, characterized by, Comprise the following steps: S1: In the project site determines the stationing of the total station, the stationing and the position of the measuring point, ensure that the coordinate system is always unique during the detection process; S2: The measurement is carried out by using the prism-free mode of the total station, combined with the principle of three coordinates, the roundness of the ring piece is detected by using the total station; if the roundness of the ring piece is abnormal, the roundness of the ring piece at other vertical positions is detected again until the roundness detection is qualified; the test results of the roundness abnormal ring piece are recorded and submitted; S3: The joint misalignment detection is carried out on the ring piece whose roundness detection is qualified, if the joint misalignment detection does not meet the specification requirements, that is, the joint misalignment detection is unqualified, the joint misalignment detection is carried out again on other ring pieces until the joint misalignment detection is qualified; the test results of the joint misalignment detection ring piece are recorded and submitted; S4: The roundness abnormality detection is carried out again on the ring piece whose joint misalignment detection is qualified according to step S2, until the detected ring piece meets the roundness detection and joint misalignment detection at the same time, and enters the next stage of the tower body overall inclination measurement; S5: The horizontal joint of the ring piece with both the roundness detection and the joint misalignment detection being qualified is determined as the upper observation surface and the lower observation surface on the total station, and the coordinates of the center of the upper observation surface ring piece and the coordinates of the center of the lower observation surface ring piece are calculated according to the three-coordinate principle; the horizontal deviation Δ of the center of the upper observation surface ring piece and the center of the lower observation surface ring piece and the height difference of the center of the upper observation surface ring piece and the center of the lower observation surface ring piece are calculated according to the coordinates of the center of the upper observation surface ring piece and the coordinates of the center of the lower observation surface ring piece H , and the inclination of the wind turbine tower is calculated. In step S5, three measuring points on the upper observation surface are known. A 1. B 1. C The coordinates of 1 are respectively A 1( x 1, y 1 ,z 1) B 1( x 2, y 2, z 2) C 1( x 3, y 3, z 3), x 1. y 1. z 1 represents the measuring points A 1 of x , y , z Axis coordinates x 2. y 2. z 2 are measuring points B 1 of x , y , z Axis coordinates x 3. y 3. z 3 are measuring points C 1 of x , y , z Axis coordinates; the perpendicular bisector of the line segment A1B1 the perpendicular bisector of the line segment B1C1 respectively ； ； Wherein, x is an unknown quantity; make L 1= L 2. Obtain the center of the upper observation surface. O The coordinates of 1 are O 1 ( x 01 , y 01 ), x 01 , y 01 The centers of the upper observation plane are respectively O 1 of x , y Axis coordinates; ； ； The coordinates of the center of the lower observation surface circle O 2 are O 2, x 02 , y 02 , x 02 , y 02 respectively. O 2 are x , y axis coordinates. S6: call the wind turbine foundation settlement monitoring record, use total station to measure the coordinates of each settlement monitoring point, calculate the maximum settlement and tilt direction; combined with the height of the observation surface and the diameter of the bottom section tower D , use the principle of similar triangles to calculate the tower tilt caused by uneven settlement of the foundation Δ3; S7: According to Δ and Δ3, the tower body inclination Δ4 caused by wind load and the tower body inclination direction are calculated by vector operation; S8: The main wind direction is determined by collecting data, and the tower body inclination direction caused by wind load is compared to determine whether the wind load has an impact on the tower body inclination; S9: Comprehensive evaluation is carried out to determine the roundness and joint misalignment abnormal area and propose treatment opinions; whether Δ3 and Δ4 meet the specification standards is determined.

2. The wind turbine generator concrete tower inclination measurement and analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the prism-free measurement mode of the total station is used to take 6 measuring points on the same horizontal plane of the detection ring piece at equal intervals, and the diameter of the ring piece is calculated according to the three coordinate principle according to the following formula by selecting any 3 measuring points from the 6 measuring points during roundness detection: ； wherein, , are the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the center of the ring piece according to the three coordinate principle of the selected three measuring points, , are the horizontal and vertical coordinates of any measuring point in the selected three measuring points, , is the ring piece diameter obtained by the i-th calculation; The roundness detection result meets: ； In the formula, D non Design nominal diameter for tower section. When D i and D non The relationship between the detected ring piece meets the roundness detection requirements; if D i and D non The relationship between the detected ring piece does not meet the roundness detection requirements, and the roundness detection is performed again on the ring piece in other vertical positions to eliminate the tower tilt Δ1 caused by the roundness abnormal error.

3. The wind turbine generator concrete tower tilt measurement and analysis method of claim 2, wherein, In step S3, the camera, sensor and image processing algorithm carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle are used to carry out close-in detection of the joint misalignment by the unmanned aerial vehicle, if the joint misalignment exceeds 5mm, the joint misalignment detection is unqualified, other ring pieces are selected again for detection until the subsequent tower body overall inclination detection is carried out after the qualified ring pieces to eliminate the tower body inclination Δ2 caused by the joint misalignment error of the ring piece plane.

4. The wind turbine generator concrete tower tilt measurement and analysis method of claim 3, wherein, In step S5, Δ is calculated from the coordinates of the upper observation surface circle center 1 and the coordinates of the lower observation surface circle center 2. O 1 and the coordinates of the lower observation surface circle center O 2. ； Further calculation obtains H: ； In the formula, H 1 and H 2 are the heights of the upper and lower observation surfaces, respectively. Substitute Δ and H into the following equation to calculate the wind turbine tower inclination I : 。 5. The wind turbine generator concrete tower tilt measurement and analysis method of claim 4, wherein, The specific process of step S6 is: S61: The position coordinates of each settlement monitoring point are determined by arranging a prism on the settlement monitoring point and measuring; S62: Determine the maximum settlement of the foundation of the wind turbine under test according to the historical settlement observation records of the wind turbine under test h and the orientation, combined with the coordinates of the settlement monitoring points, determine the orientation of the tower tilt caused by the uneven settlement of the foundation of the wind turbine under test. S63: The tower body inclination Δ3 caused by uneven settlement of the foundation is calculated.

6. The wind turbine generator concrete tower tilt measurement and analysis method of claim 5, wherein, In step S63, the height of the observation surface and the diameter of the bottom section of the tower are determined by using a total station instrument D The tower inclination Δ3 caused by uneven settlement of the foundation is calculated according to the geometric principle of similar triangles. ； ； In the formula, Δ 31 and Δ 32 respectively are the lateral offset amounts of the tower caused by the uneven settlement of the tower foundation of the upper observation surface and the lower observation surface. And meet: 。 7. The wind turbine generator concrete tower tilt measurement and analysis method of claim 6, wherein, The specific process of step S8 is: S81: The main wind direction is determined by investigating the related data of the field wind rose diagram; S82: The main wind direction is compared with the tower body inclination direction caused by wind load, when the deviation of the two directions is less than the set threshold value, it is determined that the wind load has an impact on the tower body inclination; when the deviation of the two directions is greater than or equal to the threshold value, it is determined that the wind load has no impact on the tower body inclination.

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