Antenna state detection circuit and device

Abstract

The application discloses an antenna state detection circuit and equipment. The circuit comprises a radio frequency coupling module, a radio frequency adjusting module and a radio frequency detection module; the radio frequency coupling module is configured to obtain an initial radio frequency signal from a to-be-tested antenna; the radio frequency adjusting module is configured to perform signal equalization and signal attenuation processing on the initial radio frequency signal to obtain an adjusted radio frequency signal; and the radio frequency detection module is configured to convert the adjusted radio frequency signal into a direct current voltage signal and determine the state of the to-be-tested antenna based on the direct current voltage signal. The three-stage processing of radio frequency coupling, adjustment and detection realizes fast and accurate detection of the state of the to-be-tested antenna. The application can accurately reflect the state of the antenna in a wideband and high-frequency environment, and simultaneously considers detection sensitivity, signal stability and anti-interference capability, and is suitable for antenna installation verification and online monitoring and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna status detection circuit and device. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread use of built-in antenna devices, it is necessary to inspect the antenna installation status after the equipment is assembled to ensure production and assembly quality. Antenna status inspection is an essential part of the antenna production process, helping to guarantee the equipment's radio frequency performance and communication quality.

[0003] Existing technologies primarily rely on two methods for antenna status detection. Traditional VSWR (Standardized Wave Ratio) detection methods typically measure the forward and reverse power of the signal transmitting module, calculating the VSWR to determine the antenna status. However, this method requires adding forward and reverse power detection circuitry to the board, increasing material costs, software and circuit design complexity, and occupying valuable board space. Another method involves adding a DC path at the antenna end, detecting the DC resistor voltage divider to determine the antenna status. While this method eliminates the need for power measurement circuitry, it also requires specific detection components to be added to the board. Both existing methods require on-board detection circuitry; whether it's VSWR measurement or DC resistor voltage divider, this increases material costs, design complexity, and board space. For devices where additional measurement circuitry cannot be added, effective antenna status detection is not possible. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an antenna condition detection circuit and device, solving the problems of high cost, large board space occupation, and difficulty in adding additional circuits in the prior art for antenna assembly and testing. This method acquires the radio frequency signal of the antenna under test, modulates the signal, and converts it into a DC voltage to determine the antenna condition. This application can achieve fast and accurate antenna condition detection and is suitable for production testing and online condition monitoring of devices with built-in antennas.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides an antenna state detection circuit, including: a radio frequency coupling module, a radio frequency conditioning module, and a radio frequency detection module;

[0006] The radio frequency coupling module is configured to acquire an initial radio frequency signal from the antenna under test;

[0007] The radio frequency conditioning module is configured to perform signal equalization and signal attenuation processing on the initial radio frequency signal to obtain a conditioned radio frequency signal;

[0008] The radio frequency detection module is configured to convert the adjusted radio frequency signal into a DC voltage signal and determine the state of the antenna under test based on the DC voltage signal.

[0009] Secondly, this application provides an antenna state detection device, including the antenna state detection circuit.

[0010] This application constructs an antenna status detection mechanism based on the coordinated operation of RF coupling, signal conditioning, and DC detection, achieving efficient acquisition of antenna operating status, optimized processing of RF signal characteristics, and rapid output of antenna status determination results. Upon receiving the initial RF signal from the antenna under test, the RF coupling module first acquires and transmits the signal, providing the basic input for subsequent processing. After signal acquisition, the RF conditioning module performs equalization and attenuation processing on the initial RF signal to generate a conditioned RF signal with adaptive characteristics, ensuring that the signal amplitude and spectral distribution meet the detection requirements. Subsequently, the RF detection module converts the conditioned RF signal into a DC voltage signal and determines the antenna's operating status based on the variation pattern of this DC voltage signal, thus realizing a closed-loop detection process from RF signal acquisition to antenna status output. This scheme, through the coordinated design of RF coupling, signal conditioning, and DC detection, significantly improves the accuracy and real-time performance of antenna status monitoring, and is suitable for applications such as RF front-end testing, antenna performance maintenance, and operation assurance of high-reliability wireless communication systems. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 This is a structural block diagram of an antenna state detection circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0012] Figure 2 This is a structural block diagram of a radio frequency coupling module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0013] Figure 3 This is a structural block diagram of a radio frequency modulation module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0014] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of a radio frequency detection module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0015] Figure 5 This is a circuit diagram of a rectifier unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0016] Figure 6 This is a circuit diagram of an indicator unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0017] Figure 7 This is a structural block diagram of a radio frequency detection module provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0018] Figure 8 This is a circuit diagram of a blocking unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0019] Figure 9This is a circuit diagram of an antenna state detection circuit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0020] Figure 10 This is a structural block diagram of an antenna state detection device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted, and the technical effects achieved by this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application are further described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connected," "linked," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0024] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0025] Currently, with the widespread adoption of various wireless communication devices and the continuous growth in demand for high-reliability signal transmission, devices with built-in antennas are widely used in consumer electronics, IoT terminals, and professional communications. In the production and assembly process of these devices, the correct installation and reliable connection of the antenna directly affect the overall RF performance and operational stability. Therefore, how to quickly detect the antenna connection status during assembly has become a crucial aspect of the production testing process.

[0026] In current technological practices, antenna status detection mainly relies on two approaches: The first is the VSWR (Standing Wave Ratio) detection method based on the signal transmission module, which involves adding forward and reverse power detection circuits on the board and calculating the power ratio to determine if the antenna is properly connected. This approach provides relatively accurate status determination, but requires additional power detection circuitry, directly increasing hardware material costs. The second approach involves adding a DC channel at the antenna end and detecting the DC resistance voltage division to deduce the antenna status. This method simplifies the signal link, but also requires additional circuitry and suffers from insufficient stability in complex electromagnetic environments. Most current mainstream antenna status detection methods rely on onboard detection circuits, such as VSWR and voltage detection. While these solutions are feasible under laboratory conditions, they face multiple challenges in practical applications: First, additional circuitry significantly increases hardware costs and occupies limited PCB space; second, the introduction of circuitry and software logic increases overall system complexity, leading to maintenance and verification pressures; third, for some devices whose hardware architecture cannot be modified, it is impossible to directly add detection circuitry, resulting in ineffective antenna status monitoring. Therefore, existing detection technologies either impose high costs and complexities or suffer from limitations in adaptability to various scenarios, particularly in cost-sensitive or hardware-constrained environments. There is an urgent need for a lower-cost, less invasive, and more universally applicable detection technology to accurately determine antenna connectivity without relying on additional hardware.

[0027] To address the problems of complex detection circuits, high costs, and the inability to directly add detection modules to some devices in existing antenna status detection systems, this embodiment provides an antenna status detection circuit. By introducing radio frequency (RF) signal coupling, signal conditioning, and DC detection mechanisms, a system with efficient signal acquisition, stable amplitude control, and accurate status determination capabilities is constructed, achieving real-time monitoring of antenna connection status, simplified detection process, and improved overall system stability. The circuit takes the RF signal output from the antenna under test as input. First, the RF coupling module acquires the initial RF signal, providing a stable signal source for subsequent processing. After signal coupling, the RF conditioning module equalizes and attenuates the initial RF signal, generating a conditioned RF signal that meets detection requirements, ensuring that the signal amplitude and frequency characteristics are within the detectable range. Subsequently, the RF detection module converts the conditioned RF signal into a DC voltage signal and determines the actual operating status of the antenna based on the variation pattern of this DC voltage signal, thus realizing a complete closed-loop detection process from signal acquisition to status output. This solution effectively reduces reliance on additional detection circuits through the synergistic mechanism of RF coupling, signal conditioning, and DC detection, significantly improving the accuracy and real-time performance of antenna status detection. Meanwhile, the circuit has good versatility and scalability, and can be widely used in consumer electronics, IoT terminals and wireless communication equipment, providing key technical support for achieving low-cost, low-intrusion and high-reliability antenna status detection.

[0028] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of an antenna state detection circuit according to an embodiment of this application is provided. (Reference) Figure 1 The antenna status detection circuit specifically includes: radio frequency coupling module 1, radio frequency adjustment module 2, and radio frequency detection module 3.

[0029] The radio frequency coupling module 1 is configured to acquire an initial radio frequency signal from the antenna under test.

[0030] In some embodiments, the radio frequency coupling module is configured to acquire an initial radio frequency signal from the antenna under test (AUT). The radio frequency coupling module refers to a circuit unit used to realize energy transfer between the antenna and the test circuit. The AUT refers to an antenna that needs to be tested for performance while in a test state. The initial radio frequency signal refers to the original radio frequency electrical signal radiated or fed into the AUT in the current operating state.

[0031] In one embodiment, the initial radio frequency signal can be obtained from the antenna under test by coupling the antenna port signal through electromagnetic field induction or impedance matching circuit, and then transmitting the signal to the subsequent detection unit for processing.

[0032] Optionally, Figure 2 A structural block diagram of a radio frequency coupling module according to an embodiment of this application is provided. (Reference) Figure 2The radio frequency coupling module 1 specifically includes a coupling unit 11 and a matching unit 12.

[0033] The coupling unit 11 is configured to acquire coupled radio frequency signals from the antenna under test via near-field coupling.

[0034] For example, the coupling unit first acquires the radio frequency (RF) signal of the antenna under test (UTP), where the UTP refers to an antenna structure used to transmit or receive wireless signals. During the acquisition process, the coupling unit acquires the coupled RF signal, where the coupling unit is a device that senses and outputs the RF signal from the UTP via near-field coupling, and the coupled RF signal refers to the RF waveform obtained via near-field coupling that reflects the antenna's transmission or reception characteristics.

[0035] In one embodiment, the method of obtaining radio frequency signals through near-field coupling can be: placing the receiving end of the coupling unit near the antenna under test, so that it can sense the electromagnetic field generated by the antenna in a non-contact manner, and outputting the sensed signal for subsequent adjustment and detection.

[0036] The matching unit 12 is configured to perform impedance matching on the coupled radio frequency signal to obtain an initial radio frequency signal.

[0037] For example, the matching unit first acquires the coupled RF signal output by the coupling unit, where the coupled RF signal refers to the RF waveform induced from the antenna under test via near-field coupling. After acquiring the coupled RF signal, the matching unit performs impedance matching on it to obtain the initial RF signal. The matching unit refers to a circuit structure used to adjust the impedance between the input and output terminals to minimize signal reflection and power loss. The initial RF signal refers to the RF waveform whose amplitude-frequency characteristics and power meet the requirements of subsequent adjustment processing after impedance matching.

[0038] In one embodiment, impedance matching of the coupled radio frequency signal can be achieved by adjusting the input impedance through an adjustable capacitor, inductor, or matching network to match the output impedance of the coupling unit with the input impedance of the matching unit, thereby reducing the reflection coefficient and ensuring signal transmission efficiency.

[0039] The radio frequency adjustment module 2 is configured to perform signal equalization and signal attenuation processing on the initial radio frequency signal to obtain an adjusted radio frequency signal;

[0040] In some embodiments, the RF conditioning module first acquires the initial RF signal output by the RF coupling module. The initial RF signal refers to the original RF waveform output by the antenna under test in a specific operating state, and the RF coupling module refers to the signal interface device used to couple and transmit the original signal. After acquiring the initial RF signal, the RF conditioning module performs signal equalization and signal attenuation processing to generate a conditioned RF signal. Signal equalization refers to compensating for the frequency response of the initial RF signal to correct amplitude-frequency distortion; signal attenuation refers to controlling the amplitude of the initial RF signal to reduce the input power to a set range; and the conditioned RF signal refers to the RF waveform that meets the requirements for subsequent detection or transmission after equalization and attenuation processing.

[0041] In one embodiment, signal equalization can be performed by adjusting the gain of each frequency band of the initial radio frequency signal based on a frequency response model, thereby reducing the impact of channel distortion.

[0042] In one embodiment, signal attenuation can be achieved by adjusting the signal amplitude in stages using a variable attenuator according to a preset power threshold, so as to ensure that the input level is within a safe operating range.

[0043] In one embodiment, the method for generating the regulated radio frequency signal can be: transmitting the equalized signal and the attenuated signal in sequence and superimposing them for compensation, thereby outputting a radio frequency waveform whose amplitude-frequency characteristics and power both conform to the target parameters.

[0044] Optionally, Figure 3 A structural block diagram of a radio frequency conditioning module according to an embodiment of this application is provided. (Reference) Figure 3 The radio frequency adjustment module 2 specifically includes: an equalization unit 21 and an attenuation unit 22.

[0045] The equalization unit 21 is configured to perform in-band gain equalization on the initial radio frequency signal to obtain a flat radio frequency signal.

[0046] For example, the equalization unit first acquires the initial RF signal output by the RF coupling module. The initial RF signal refers to the RF waveform whose amplitude-frequency response and power meet the requirements of subsequent processing after impedance matching. After acquiring the initial RF signal, the equalization unit performs in-band gain equalization to obtain a flat RF signal. The equalization unit refers to a circuit or algorithm module used to compensate for gain differences in the RF signal at specific frequency bands, and the flat RF signal refers to the RF waveform with the amplitude-frequency response as flat as possible and the power uniform across all frequency bands after equalization processing.

[0047] In one embodiment, the method for performing in-band gain equalization on the initial radio frequency signal can be: adjusting the gain of each frequency band based on a preset frequency response curve or real-time measurement data to keep the amplitude of the signal flat throughout the entire operating frequency band, thereby reducing the impact of frequency distortion on subsequent signal processing.

[0048] The attenuation unit 22 is configured to attenuate the power of the flat radio frequency signal to obtain an regulated radio frequency signal.

[0049] For example, the attenuation unit first acquires the flat RF signal output by the equalization unit. The flat RF signal refers to an RF waveform with a flat amplitude-frequency response and uniform power across all frequency bands after in-band gain equalization. After acquiring the flat RF signal, the attenuation unit attenuates its power to obtain an regulated RF signal. The attenuation unit refers to a circuit or module used to reduce the amplitude of the RF signal to meet subsequent detection or transmission requirements. The regulated RF signal refers to an RF waveform whose amplitude and power reach a set range after attenuation and are suitable for subsequent use.

[0050] In one embodiment, the power attenuation of a flat radio frequency signal can be achieved by using an adjustable attenuator or a graded attenuation network to reduce the signal amplitude to a preset threshold, thereby ensuring that the signal is within a safe operating range when input to subsequent modules.

[0051] Optionally, the attenuation unit 22 includes an attenuation network composed of a plurality of resistors;

[0052] The attenuation network is configured to attenuate the power of the flat radio frequency signal to a preset power range, thereby obtaining an regulated radio frequency signal.

[0053] For example, the attenuation unit includes an attenuation network composed of several resistors. The attenuation unit refers to a functional module that adjusts the power of the input radio frequency signal. The attenuation network refers to a signal attenuation circuit composed of resistive elements arranged in a specific topology. The flat radio frequency signal refers to a radio frequency input signal with a balanced spectral distribution and stable amplitude. The adjusted radio frequency signal is an output radio frequency signal that meets a preset power range after power compression. This attenuation network is configured to attenuate the power of the flat radio frequency signal to a preset power range to ensure that subsequent signal processing modules operate within a safe range.

[0054] In one embodiment, the topology of the attenuation network can be π-type, T-type, or distributed to accommodate different input impedance and bandwidth requirements.

[0055] In one embodiment, the preset power range can be determined by setting the linear operating range of the system power amplifier module to prevent the output signal from entering the nonlinear distortion region.

[0056] In one embodiment, the parameter configuration method for the resistors in the attenuation network can be: calculating the resistance value of each resistor and performing combined optimization based on the target attenuation factor and the system input-output impedance matching conditions.

[0057] The radio frequency detection module 3 is configured to convert the adjusted radio frequency signal into a DC voltage signal and determine the state of the antenna under test based on the DC voltage signal.

[0058] In some embodiments, the RF detection module first acquires the regulated RF signal output by the RF conditioning module. The regulated RF signal refers to the RF waveform that meets the detection requirements after equalization and attenuation processing. After obtaining the regulated RF signal, the RF detection module converts the signal into a DC voltage signal and determines the state of the antenna under test based on the DC voltage signal. The DC voltage signal refers to the voltage value reflecting the magnitude of the RF power obtained through energy detection or rectification. The antenna state refers to whether the antenna is in normal operation, mismatch, or open / short circuit condition based on the voltage characteristics.

[0059] In one embodiment, the method of converting the regulated radio frequency signal into a DC voltage signal can be: extracting the envelope of the high-frequency signal and performing low-pass filtering through a detector or rectifier circuit to output a stable voltage value.

[0060] In one embodiment, the method for determining the antenna state based on the DC voltage signal can be: comparing the collected voltage value with a preset threshold range to distinguish between the normal state and the abnormal state of the antenna.

[0061] Optionally, Figure 4 A structural block diagram of a radio frequency detection module according to an embodiment of this application is provided. (Reference) Figure 4 The radio frequency detection module 3 specifically includes a rectification unit 31 and an indicator unit 32.

[0062] The rectifier unit 31 is configured to smooth and rectify the regulated radio frequency signal to obtain a DC voltage signal.

[0063] For example, the rectifier unit first acquires the regulated RF signal output by the RF conditioning module. The regulated RF signal refers to the RF waveform whose amplitude and power reach a set range after equalization and power attenuation processing. After receiving the regulated RF signal, the rectifier unit smooths and rectifies it to obtain a DC voltage signal. The rectifier unit refers to a circuit or module used to convert high-frequency RF signals into corresponding DC voltages. The DC voltage signal refers to a stable voltage value reflecting the power characteristics of the RF signal after rectification and smoothing.

[0064] In one embodiment, the method for smoothing and rectifying the regulated radio frequency signal can be: converting the positive and negative half-cycles of the radio frequency signal into unidirectional current through a detector or rectifier diode, and then smoothing it through a low-pass filter to output a stable DC voltage signal.

[0065] Optionally, Figure 5 A circuit diagram of a rectifier unit according to an embodiment of this application is provided. (Reference) Figure 5 The rectifier unit 31 specifically includes: a first Schottky diode D1, a second Schottky diode D2, a first filter capacitor C2, a second filter capacitor C3, a first bleeder resistor R5, and a second bleeder resistor R6.

[0066] The Schottky diode is configured to rectify the regulated radio frequency signal into an initial DC signal.

[0067] For example, the Schottky diode first acquires the regulated RF signal output by the RF conditioning module. The regulated RF signal refers to the RF waveform whose amplitude and power reach a set range after equalization and power attenuation processing. After acquiring the regulated RF signal, it is rectified by the first Schottky diode D1 and the second Schottky diode D2 to obtain the initial DC signal. The Schottky diode is a semiconductor diode with low forward voltage drop characteristics, used to efficiently convert the AC component of the RF signal into DC current. The initial DC signal refers to the DC voltage waveform reflecting the power characteristics of the RF signal after rectification.

[0068] In one embodiment, the method of rectifying the regulated radio frequency signal into an initial DC signal can be: by using the unidirectional conduction characteristic of a Schottky diode, the positive half-cycle current of the radio frequency signal is output through the diode while the negative half-cycle current is blocked, thereby forming an initial DC signal.

[0069] The filter capacitor is configured to filter the initial DC signal to obtain a DC voltage signal.

[0070] For example, the filter capacitor receives the initial DC signal output from the Schottky diode, where the initial DC signal refers to the DC waveform reflecting the power characteristics of the radio frequency signal after rectification. After acquiring the initial DC signal, it is filtered by the first filter capacitor C2 and the second filter capacitor C3 to obtain a DC voltage signal. The filter capacitor refers to a capacitive element used to smooth the residual AC components in the DC signal, and the DC voltage signal refers to a more stable DC voltage with reduced voltage fluctuations after filtering, used for subsequent antenna status detection or control.

[0071] In one embodiment, the initial DC signal can be filtered by using a filter capacitor to absorb and smooth residual high-frequency ripple in the DC signal, thereby outputting a stable DC voltage signal.

[0072] Optionally, Figure 5 A circuit diagram of a rectifier unit according to an embodiment of this application is provided. (Reference) Figure 5 The rectifier unit 31 specifically includes: a first Schottky diode D1, a second Schottky diode D2, a first filter capacitor C2, a second filter capacitor C3, a first bleeder resistor R5, and a second bleeder resistor R6.

[0073] The bleed resistor is configured to consume the DC voltage signal when the indicator unit cannot be turned on.

[0074] For example, the bleeder resistor can dissipate electrical energy when the rear LED cannot conduct. The function of the first bleeder resistor R5 and the second bleeder resistor R6 is to prevent electrical energy from remaining in the circuit for a long time, thereby reducing the abnormal risks that may be caused by energy accumulation and ensuring the stable operation of the circuit under different operating conditions.

[0075] In one embodiment, the way the bleed resistor consumes electrical energy is by forming a bleed path in parallel with the circuit load, so that the accumulated electrical energy is gradually released in the form of heat when the rear light-emitting diode is turned off or cannot be turned on.

[0076] In one embodiment, the parameters of the bleed resistor can be determined by selecting an appropriate resistance value and power rating based on the operating voltage range of the rear LED and the desired energy release rate of the circuit, so as to ensure that the bleed process can effectively consume electrical energy without interfering with other components of the circuit.

[0077] The indicator unit 32 is configured to indicate the state of the antenna under test based on the DC voltage signal.

[0078] For example, after acquiring the DC voltage signal, the indicator unit indicates the state of the antenna under test based on the signal. Here, the DC voltage signal refers to a stable voltage that reflects the power characteristics of the radio frequency signal after rectification and smoothing. The indicator unit refers to a module used to convert the characteristics of the DC voltage signal into a visual, audible, or logical state output. The antenna state refers to determining whether the antenna is in a normal working state, mismatched state, or open / short circuit state based on the amplitude or change of the DC voltage signal.

[0079] In one embodiment, the method of indicating the antenna status based on the DC voltage signal can be: comparing the collected voltage value with a preset threshold range, displaying "normal" when the voltage value falls within the normal range, and displaying "abnormal" when it falls within the abnormal range, thereby intuitively reflecting the antenna's working status.

[0080] Optionally, Figure 6 A circuit diagram of an indicator unit according to an embodiment of this application is provided. (Reference) Figure 6The indicator unit 32 specifically includes: a current-limiting resistor R4 and a light-emitting diode D3.

[0081] The current-limiting resistor is configured to regulate the DC voltage signal to obtain an indication voltage signal.

[0082] For example, after acquiring the DC voltage signal, a current-limiting resistor is used to regulate its voltage to obtain an indication voltage signal. Here, the current-limiting resistor refers to a resistive element used to limit the current and regulate the voltage, and the indication voltage signal refers to a DC voltage signal whose amplitude is suitable for driving the indication unit or subsequent logic circuit after voltage regulation.

[0083] In one embodiment, the DC voltage signal can be regulated by adjusting the amplitude of the DC voltage signal to a preset range through voltage division or current limiting by a current-limiting resistor, thereby outputting an indication voltage signal suitable for use by the indication unit.

[0084] The light-emitting diode is configured to light up when the indicated voltage signal is greater than a preset voltage signal threshold.

[0085] For example, after the indicator voltage signal is obtained, the light-emitting diode (LED) indicates the status based on the signal. The LED is a semiconductor light source that can convert current signals into visible light output. When the indicator voltage signal is greater than a preset voltage signal threshold, the LED lights up, thereby visually displaying that the antenna under test is in a specific state.

[0086] In one embodiment, the way to light up the LED is to input an indicator voltage signal to the positive terminal of the LED. When the voltage exceeds a preset threshold, the LED turns on and emits light, thereby indicating the antenna status to the user.

[0087] Optionally, Figure 7 A structural block diagram of a radio frequency detection module according to an embodiment of this application is provided. (Reference) Figure 7 The radio frequency detection module 3 specifically includes: a rectification unit 31, an indicator unit 32, and a blocking unit 33.

[0088] The blocking unit is configured to block the DC voltage signal from flowing back from the RF detection module to the RF conditioning module.

[0089] For example, after the DC voltage signal is generated, it is blocked by a blocking unit to prevent the signal from flowing back to the RF conditioning module. The blocking unit refers to a circuit element or device used to isolate signal paths between different modules in the circuit, ensuring that the DC voltage signal flows only to subsequent detection or indication modules and does not interfere with or affect the load of the RF conditioning module.

[0090] In one embodiment, the method of blocking the DC voltage signal backflow can be: by using a unidirectional conducting device, an isolation resistor, or other circuit structure, the DC signal is transmitted only in a predetermined direction, thereby achieving effective isolation of the radio frequency conditioning module.

[0091] Optionally, Figure 8 A circuit diagram of a blocking unit according to an embodiment of this application is provided. (Reference) Figure 8 The blocking unit 33 specifically includes a DC blocking capacitor C1 and a choke coil L1.

[0092] The DC blocking capacitor is configured to allow the regulated radio frequency signal to be transmitted from the radio frequency regulation module to the radio frequency detection module, and to block the DC voltage signal from flowing back from the radio frequency detection module to the radio frequency regulation module.

[0093] For example, after acquiring the regulated radio frequency (RF) signal, it is transmitted by a DC blocking capacitor. The DC blocking capacitor is a capacitive element that allows high-frequency AC signals to pass through while preventing DC components from flowing back, thus achieving effective RF signal transmission and DC isolation. Simultaneously, it blocks the DC voltage signal from flowing back to the RF regulation module; the DC voltage signal refers to a stable voltage signal reflecting the power characteristics of the RF signal after rectification and smoothing.

[0094] In one embodiment, the method of regulating the transmission of the radio frequency signal and blocking the return of the DC voltage signal can be: allowing the radio frequency signal to be transmitted to the radio frequency detection module along a predetermined path through a DC blocking capacitor, while preventing the DC component from returning along the same path, thereby protecting the radio frequency regulation module from DC signal interference.

[0095] The choke coil is configured to provide a DC shunt to ground the DC voltage signal and to block the regulation radio frequency signal from being grounded along the DC shunt.

[0096] For example, after acquiring the DC voltage signal, a choke coil provides a grounded DC shunt to the DC voltage signal, while simultaneously blocking the adjustment RF signal from being grounded along the DC shunt. Here, the DC voltage signal refers to a stable voltage reflecting the power characteristics of the RF signal after rectification and smoothing; the adjustment RF signal refers to an RF waveform whose amplitude and power reach a set range after equalization and power attenuation processing; and the choke coil is an inductor with low impedance to DC signals and high impedance to RF signals, used to form a DC grounding path to prevent RF signal leakage.

[0097] In one embodiment, the method of providing a DC voltage signal ground and blocking the radio frequency signal along the DC shunt can be: using a choke coil that has low impedance at DC frequency to lead the DC voltage signal to the ground wire, while having high impedance at radio frequency frequency, so that the regulating radio frequency signal cannot flow into the ground wire through this path, thereby achieving effective isolation between the radio frequency signal and the DC signal.

[0098] Optionally, Figure 9 A circuit diagram of an antenna state detection circuit according to an embodiment of this application is provided. (Reference) Figure 9 The antenna status detection circuit specifically includes:

[0099] The coupling unit 11 is configured to acquire radio frequency (RF) signals from the antenna of the device under test (DUT). The shape and structure of the coupling unit need to be adjusted according to the built-in antenna design of the DUT to ensure effective near-field coupling. The coupling unit performs non-contact near-field coupling with the built-in antenna of the DUT to acquire the RF signals radiated by the antenna, which are then processed in subsequent circuits to detect the antenna's operating status. The coupling unit and the built-in antenna can be jointly modeled and optimized using a three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation tool.

[0100] Matching unit 12 is configured to match the impedance of the coupling unit to maximize power transmission efficiency. In this embodiment, it is capacitor C4. In other scenarios, it can also be adapted to use parallel inductors, series capacitors or inductors, π-type matching, T-type matching, L-type matching, microstrip line matching, etc. By introducing an impedance matching unit at the front end, the coupling unit can maintain a good impedance matching relationship with the built-in antenna.

[0101] Equalization unit 21 is configured to adjust the in-band gain so that the power of the broadband signal is basically consistent at different frequency points, thereby ensuring the flatness of the measurement results. The equalization unit can be implemented using a microstrip open-circuit stub. By introducing the equalization unit, in-band gain flattening is achieved in broadband applications.

[0102] The attenuation unit 22 is configured to adjust the power of the coupled signal to a suitable detection range. Excessive power will result in an excessively high rectified voltage, while insufficient power will lead to an inadequate signal. In this embodiment, a π-type attenuation circuit is used, involving components R1, R2, and R3. By increasing or decreasing the attenuation value, the rectified LED is controlled to light up precisely. The attenuation unit prevents damage to subsequent circuits caused by excessive power input. The device connects the attenuation unit in series after the equalization circuit to adjust the coupled signal to a suitable power range.

[0103] The rectifier unit 31 is configured to convert the radio frequency AC signal into a DC signal for use by the indicating circuit and to improve detection sensitivity. In this embodiment, a full-wave rectifier circuit is used, which can increase the rectified voltage by approximately twice compared to half-wave rectification. The circuit components involved in the rectifier unit are Schottky diodes D1 and D2, used to rectify the attenuated signal and convert the AC signal into a DC signal. The filter capacitors C2 and C3 of the rectifier unit are used to smooth the rectified DC voltage. The rectifier unit converts the input radio frequency AC signal into a stable DC voltage signal, thereby effectively improving the detection sensitivity. The bleeder resistors R5 and R6 of the rectifier unit are used to bleed current through which the LED cannot conduct when the rectified voltage is too low. The bleeder resistors R5 and R6, together with the filter capacitors C2 and C3, form a low-pass filter, whose time constant satisfies the following equation:

[0104]

[0105] Where R is the equivalent resistance of bleeder resistors R5 and R6, and C is the equivalent capacitance of filter capacitors C2 and C3. Let be the angular frequency of the carrier signal, i.e., the angular frequency of the initial radio frequency signal. From the formula, we can see that the time constant of the low-pass filter formed by the bleeder resistors R5 and R6 and the filter capacitors C2 and C3 is... Much larger than the carrier period. Additionally, the time constant... It is also greater than the symbol period of the modulated signal, preferably, the time constant. A symbol period of 10 times can be used.

[0106] The indicator unit 32 is configured to visually indicate whether the coupled signal has reached a detectable level, thereby determining whether the antenna is properly installed. The LED lights up when the rectified voltage reaches the minimum forward operating voltage of the LED. The core components of the indicator unit are the LED D4 and the current-limiting resistor R4. The LED D4 is used for illumination indication, and the current-limiting resistor R4 is used to limit the current and prevent the LED from burning out due to overcurrent. By setting the LED indicator circuit, the LED lights up when the rectified output voltage is higher than the minimum forward operating voltage of the LED. By reasonably setting the attenuation value of the attenuation circuit, the LED lighting threshold corresponds to the minimum power value to be detected, thus enabling a visual judgment of whether the power is below the minimum threshold based on the LED's lighting status, thereby achieving the detection of whether the antenna is properly installed.

[0107] The blocking unit 33 is configured to isolate the DC path between the rectifier unit and the attenuation unit. The electrical components involved in the blocking unit include a choke coil L1 and a DC blocking capacitor C1. The choke coil L1 is used to provide a DC path while blocking the return of the radio frequency signal. The DC blocking capacitor C1 is used to isolate the DC voltage and avoid affecting the preceding circuit.

[0108] The embodiments of the present invention can not only acquire antenna power information passively and non-contactly, but also improve the accuracy of antenna status detection, solving the problems of complex detection methods and insufficient sensitivity in the prior art.

[0109] Optionally, Figure 10 A structural block diagram of an antenna state detection device according to an embodiment of this application is provided. (Reference) Figure 10 The antenna status detection device specifically includes: radio frequency coupling module 1, radio frequency conditioning module 2 and radio frequency detection module 3.

[0110] The radio frequency coupling module 1 is configured to acquire an initial radio frequency signal from the antenna under test;

[0111] The radio frequency adjustment module 2 is configured to perform signal equalization and signal attenuation processing on the initial radio frequency signal to obtain an adjusted radio frequency signal;

[0112] The radio frequency detection module 3 is configured to convert the adjusted radio frequency signal into a DC voltage signal and determine the state of the antenna under test based on the DC voltage signal.

[0113] This application embodiment acquires an initial radio frequency (RF) signal from the antenna under test (AUT) using an RF coupling module, and inputs this signal into an RF conditioning module for equalization and attenuation processing to obtain a conditioned RF signal. The RF detection module then converts this conditioned RF signal into a DC voltage signal, and determines the AUT's state based on this DC voltage signal. Through this design, this application can not only detect whether the antenna has installation or connection abnormalities, but also improve detection accuracy by adjusting the gain and attenuation of the RF signal, thereby solving the problem of insufficient accuracy in antenna state detection in existing technologies.

[0114] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this application. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. In particular, it should be noted that any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application for those skilled in the art.

[0115] The antenna state detection device provided in the above embodiments may include the antenna state detection circuit provided in any embodiment of this application. For technical details not described in detail in the above embodiments, please refer to the antenna state detection circuit provided in any embodiment of this application.

[0116] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment and the technical principles employed in this application. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described herein, and various obvious changes, readjustments, and substitutions that can be made by those skilled in the art will not depart from the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, although this application has been described in detail through the above embodiments, this application is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include many other equivalent embodiments without departing from the concept of this application. The scope of this application is determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna state detection circuit, characterized by, The antenna state detection circuit can passively and non-contactingly acquire antenna power information, and comprises a radio frequency coupling module, a radio frequency adjusting module and a radio frequency detection module. The radio frequency coupling module is configured to acquire an initial radio frequency signal from a to-be-tested antenna. The radio frequency adjusting module is configured to perform signal equalization and signal attenuation processing on the initial radio frequency signal to obtain an adjusted radio frequency signal. The radio frequency detection module is configured to convert the adjusted radio frequency signal into a direct current voltage signal and determine the state of the to-be-tested antenna based on the direct current voltage signal. The radio frequency coupling module comprises a coupling unit and a matching unit. The coupling unit is configured to acquire a coupled radio frequency signal from the to-be-tested antenna through near field coupling. The matching unit is configured to perform impedance matching on the coupled radio frequency signal to obtain the initial radio frequency signal. The radio frequency detection module comprises a blocking unit. The blocking unit is configured to block the direct current voltage signal from flowing back from the radio frequency detection module to the radio frequency adjusting module. The radio frequency detection module comprises a rectification unit and an indication unit. The indication unit comprises a current-limiting resistor and a light-emitting diode. The current-limiting resistor is configured to perform voltage adjustment on the direct current voltage signal to obtain an indication voltage signal. In a case where the indication voltage signal exceeds a minimum forward working voltage of the light-emitting diode, the light-emitting diode is lit up.

2. The antenna status detection circuit of claim 1, wherein The radio frequency adjusting module comprises an equalization unit and an attenuation unit. The equalization unit is configured to perform in-band gain equalization on the initial radio frequency signal to obtain a flat radio frequency signal. The attenuation unit is configured to perform power attenuation on the flat radio frequency signal to obtain the adjusted radio frequency signal.

3. The antenna status detection circuit of claim 2, wherein, The attenuation unit comprises an attenuation network composed of a plurality of resistors. The attenuation network is configured to attenuate the power of the flat radio frequency signal to a preset power range to obtain the adjusted radio frequency signal.

4. The antenna status detection circuit of claim 1, wherein, The rectification unit is configured to perform smooth rectification on the adjusted radio frequency signal to obtain the direct current voltage signal. The indication unit is configured to indicate the state of the to-be-tested antenna based on the direct current voltage signal.

5. The antenna status detection circuit of claim 4, wherein, The rectification unit comprises a plurality of Schottky diodes, a plurality of filter capacitors and a plurality of bleeder resistors. The Schottky diodes are configured to rectify the adjusted radio frequency signal into an initial direct current signal. The filter capacitors are configured to filter the initial direct current signal to obtain the direct current voltage signal. The bleeder resistors are configured to consume the direct current voltage signal in a case where the indication unit cannot be turned on.

6. The antenna status detection circuit of claim 4, wherein, The light-emitting diode is configured to light up in a case where the indication voltage signal is greater than a preset voltage signal threshold.

7. The antenna status detection circuit of claim 1, wherein, The blocking unit comprises a DC blocking capacitor and a choke coil. The DC blocking capacitor is configured to allow the adjusted radio frequency signal to be transmitted from the radio frequency adjusting module to the radio frequency detection module, and block the direct current voltage signal from flowing back from the radio frequency detection module to the radio frequency adjusting module. The choke coil is configured to provide a direct current shunt for grounding of the direct current voltage signal, and block the adjusted radio frequency signal from grounding along the direct current shunt.

8. An antenna state detection apparatus, characterized by comprising: The antenna state detection circuit comprises any one of claims 1-7.

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