Permanent magnet motor with heat dissipation structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a permanent magnet motor with a heat dissipation structure, and the motor comprises a rotating shaft, a rotor assembly disposed at the periphery of the rotating shaft, a stator assembly disposed at the periphery of the rotor assembly, a housing disposed at the periphery of the stator assembly, a transmission end cover disposed at one end of the housing, and a non-transmission end cover disposed at the other end of the housing. A non-transmission end fan is installed at the non-transmission end of the rotating shaft, a through hole is formed in the transmission end cover, the rotating shaft penetrates through the through hole and extends out of the transmission end cover, and a transmission end fan located in the through hole is installed at the transmission end of the rotating shaft. The permanent magnet motor with the heat dissipation structure has the advantages of being simple in structure, reliable in operation and capable of conducting heat dissipation on the two ends of the motor at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of permanent magnet motor technology, and more specifically to a permanent magnet motor with a heat dissipation structure. Background Technology

[0002] As a critical transmission component, the thermal stability of permanent magnet synchronous traction motor bearings directly affects the reliability of motor operation. The heat dissipation challenges of permanent magnet motor bearings stem from the coupling effects of multiple physical fields within the system. First, the high power density design significantly increases the heat load per unit volume, while the bearing friction heat generated at high speeds, eddy current losses in the permanent magnets, and copper losses at the stator winding ends form a combined heat source. Second, while the compact structural design increases power density, it severely compresses the physical space for heat dissipation channels, creating a bottleneck for heat flow conduction. Finally, the fully enclosed design of the motor body, while improving system reliability by isolating external contaminants, also hinders air convection heat dissipation, forcing heat to be primarily dissipated through conduction via metal components (end covers, bearings, etc.).

[0003] Current mainstream cooling solutions have inherent limitations: In most current air-cooled permanent magnet synchronous motors, the fan is placed at the non-drive end (e.g., CN209170083U). This single-fan, single-airflow cooling structure cannot simultaneously handle heat dissipation at both ends of the motor. Air-cooled systems dissipate heat by driving airflow through the fan at the non-drive end along the conduction path of the stator frame. However, there is a large spatial distance between the core heat-generating parts of the bearing and the outer wall of the stator, resulting in reduced heat conduction efficiency. Although it can cool components such as the end cover and the end of the stator winding, it cannot handle the heat dissipation of the bearing. Liquid-cooled systems can improve the overall heat dissipation capacity, but their cooling pipes are also difficult to effectively extend to the bearing area at the drive end, making it impossible to achieve targeted thermal control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a permanent magnet motor with a heat dissipation structure that is simple in structure, reliable in operation, and capable of simultaneously dissipating heat from both ends of the motor.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A permanent magnet motor with a heat dissipation structure includes a shaft, a rotor assembly disposed on the outer periphery of the shaft, a stator assembly disposed on the outer periphery of the rotor assembly, a housing disposed on the outer periphery of the stator assembly, a drive end cover disposed on one end of the housing, and a non-drive end cover disposed on the other end of the housing. A non-drive end fan is installed on the non-drive end of the shaft. A through hole is provided on the drive end cover. The shaft extends through the through hole to the outside of the drive end cover. A drive end fan located in the through hole is installed on the drive end of the shaft.

[0006] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: The inner wall of the through hole is provided with a first air inlet, and the end cover of the transmission end is provided with a first air outlet and a cooling channel for connecting the first air inlet and the first air outlet.

[0007] The drive-end fan is a centrifugal fan, and the first air inlet is arranged along the radial direction of the drive-end fan.

[0008] The first air outlet is located on the end face of the transmission end cover and is arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0009] The first air inlet is provided with multiple inlets evenly spaced along the circumference of the through hole, and the first air outlet is provided with multiple outlets evenly spaced along the circumference of the transmission end cap, with each first air inlet corresponding to each first air outlet.

[0010] The transmission end cover is connected to the rotating shaft through a transmission end bearing. The transmission end fan is located on the side of the transmission end bearing away from the rotor assembly. The blades of the transmission end fan are provided with multiple first ventilation holes.

[0011] The first ventilation hole is one or more of the following: circular, oblong, polygonal, or composite irregular shape.

[0012] The non-drive end cap has a cavity on its inner side, the non-drive end fan is located in the cavity, the non-drive end cap has a second air inlet, the housing has a housing air duct, the air inlet of the housing air duct is connected to the cavity, and the air outlet is connected to the outside.

[0013] The air inlet and air outlet of the shell air duct are respectively located on the two end faces of the shell.

[0014] The non-drive end cover is connected to the rotating shaft through a non-drive end bearing. The non-drive end fan is a centrifugal fan and is located on the side of the non-drive end bearing away from the rotor assembly. Multiple second ventilation holes are provided on the blades of the non-drive end fan.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: 1. The permanent magnet motor with heat dissipation structure of the present invention can dissipate heat from both ends of the motor simultaneously by setting fans at both ends of the motor; by setting the fan at the transmission end in the through hole of the transmission end cover, the fan at the transmission end will not interfere with the driven component when the rotating shaft is connected to the driven component for driving, and the structure is simple and the operation is reliable.

[0016] 2. The permanent magnet motor with heat dissipation structure of the present invention has a centrifugal fan that can draw gas in from the axial direction and blow it out radially. Compared with the traditional axial flow fan, the gas flow path is more reasonable, the gas flow is smoother, the temperature field on the transmission end cover is more uniform, and the heat dissipation effect is better. The first air inlet is arranged along the radial direction of the transmission end fan, that is, the first air inlet and the transmission end fan are located on the same plane, so that the first air inlet can better receive the gas blown in by the transmission end fan, and the gas flow is smoother.

[0017] 3. The permanent magnet motor with heat dissipation structure of the present invention uses a centrifugal fan at the transmission end, and the gas is blown out radially. By opening multiple first ventilation holes on the blades of the transmission end fan, some of the gas can be diverted to the back area of ​​the blades to directly blow on the transmission end bearing for heat dissipation. This allows the transmission end fan to dissipate heat on both the transmission end cover and the transmission end bearing, resulting in a more comprehensive heat dissipation coverage. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the permanent magnet motor with a heat dissipation structure according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the permanent magnet motor with a heat dissipation structure according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end cover of the transmission end of the permanent magnet motor with heat dissipation structure of the present invention.

[0021] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Shaft; 11. Drive-end bearing; 12. Non-drive-end bearing; 2. Rotor assembly; 3. Stator assembly; 4. Housing; 41. Housing air duct; 5. Drive-end end cover; 51. Through hole; 52. First air inlet; 53. First air outlet; 54. Cooling channel; 6. Non-drive-end end cover; 61. Cavity; 62. Second air inlet; 63. Second air outlet; 7. Non-drive-end fan; 71. Second ventilation hole; 8. Drive-end fan; 81. First ventilation hole. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0025] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "assembly," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the permanent magnet motor with a heat dissipation structure in this embodiment includes a rotating shaft 1, a rotor assembly 2 disposed on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 1, a stator assembly 3 disposed on the outer periphery of the rotor assembly 2, a housing 4 disposed on the outer periphery of the stator assembly 3, a drive end cover 5 disposed at one end of the housing 4, and a non-drive end cover 6 disposed at the other end of the housing 4. A non-drive end fan 7 is installed at the non-drive end of the rotating shaft 1. A through hole 51 is provided on the drive end cover 5, through which the rotating shaft 1 extends to the outside of the drive end cover 5. A drive end fan 8 located in the through hole 51 is installed at the drive end of the rotating shaft 1. The drive end is the end of the motor rotating shaft 1 that is connected to the component to be driven.

[0027] In this embodiment, the permanent magnet motor with a heat dissipation structure operates by rotating the shaft 1, which drives the non-drive end fan 7 and the drive end fan 8 to rotate synchronously. The rotating fans generate airflow. The non-drive end fan 7 dissipates heat from the non-drive end of the motor, while the drive end fan 8 dissipates heat from the drive end of the motor, thus achieving heat dissipation and cooling at both ends of the motor. This permanent magnet motor with a heat dissipation structure, by providing fans at both ends of the motor, can simultaneously dissipate heat from both ends. By placing the drive end fan 8 within the through hole 51 of the drive end cover 5, the drive end fan 8 will not interfere with the driven component when the shaft 1 is connected to it for driving. The structure is simple and the operation is reliable.

[0028] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the inner wall of the through hole 51 is provided with a first air inlet 52, and the transmission end cover 5 is provided with a first air outlet 53 and a cooling channel 54 for connecting the first air inlet 52 and the first air outlet 53. The transmission end fan 8 draws in external gas and blows the gas into the first air inlet 52 located on the inner wall of the through hole 51. After flowing through the cooling channel 54, the gas is blown out from the first air outlet 53 to dissipate heat from the transmission end cover 5, thereby achieving cooling of the stator winding end. The cooling channel 54 can increase the contact time and contact area between the gas and the transmission end cover 5, resulting in good heat dissipation.

[0029] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the transmission end fan 8 is a centrifugal fan, and the first air inlet 52 is arranged along the radial direction of the transmission end fan 8. The centrifugal fan can draw gas in from the axial direction and blow it out radially. Compared with the traditional axial flow fan, the gas flow path is more reasonable, the gas flow is smoother, the temperature field on the transmission end cover 5 is more uniform, and the heat dissipation effect is better. The first air inlet 52 is arranged along the radial direction of the transmission end fan 8, that is, the first air inlet 52 and the transmission end fan 8 are located on the same plane, so that the first air inlet 52 can better receive the gas blown in by the transmission end fan 8, and the gas flow is smoother.

[0030] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first air outlet 53 is located on the end face of the transmission end cover 5 and is arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 1. When the transmission end is dissipating heat, the transmission end fan 8 draws in the gas outside the motor along the axial direction, then blows it radially into the first air inlet 52, flows through the cooling channel 54, and then blows it axially out of the end face of the transmission end cover 5 from the first air outlet 53. The air inlet and outlet are parallel and do not interfere with each other, making the gas flow path more reasonable.

[0031] Furthermore, in this embodiment, multiple first air inlets 52 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the through hole 51, and multiple first air outlets 53 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the transmission end cover 5, with each first air inlet 52 corresponding to each first air outlet 53. By setting multiple first air inlets 52 and first air outlets 53, the temperature field on the transmission end cover 5 is made more uniform, and the heat dissipation effect is better.

[0032] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the transmission end cover 5 is connected to the rotating shaft 1 via a transmission end bearing 11. The transmission end fan 8 is located on the side of the transmission end bearing 11 away from the rotor assembly 2, and multiple first ventilation holes 81 are provided on the blades of the transmission end fan 8. Since the transmission end fan 8 is a centrifugal fan, the gas is blown out radially. By providing multiple first ventilation holes 81 on the blades of the transmission end fan 8, some of the gas can be diverted to the back area of ​​the blades to directly blow on the transmission end bearing 11 for heat dissipation. This allows the transmission end fan 8 to dissipate heat on both the transmission end cover 5 and the transmission end bearing 11, resulting in a more comprehensive heat dissipation coverage.

[0033] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first ventilation hole 81 is one or more of the following: circular, waist-shaped, polygonal, or composite irregular-shaped holes (not shown in the figure), and the first ventilation holes 81 are arranged in an array according to the blade distribution pattern.

[0034] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a cavity 61 is provided inside the non-drive end cover 6, and the non-drive end fan 7 is located inside the cavity 61. A second air inlet 62 is provided on the non-drive end cover 6, and a housing air duct 41 is provided inside the housing 4. The air inlet of the housing air duct 41 is connected to the cavity 61, and the air outlet is connected to the outside. The non-drive end fan 7 draws air from outside the motor into the cavity 61 through the second air inlet 62, and then blows it out to the outside through the housing air duct 41, so that the non-drive end fan 7 can dissipate heat from the non-drive end and the housing 4, thereby reducing the temperature of the stator assembly 3.

[0035] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the air inlet and air outlet of the housing air duct 41 are respectively located on the two end faces of the housing 4, that is, the housing air duct 41 penetrates the housing 4 axially, which can increase the contact time and contact area between the gas and the housing 4, and the heat dissipation effect is better.

[0036] Preferably, in this embodiment, the transmission end cap 5 is provided with a second air outlet 63 that communicates with the air outlet of the housing air duct 41, so that the transmission end cap 5 will not affect the air outlet of the housing air duct 41 after it is installed on the housing 4, and the structure is reasonable.

[0037] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the non-drive end cap 6 is connected to the rotating shaft 1 via a non-drive end bearing 12. The non-drive end fan 7 is a centrifugal fan and is located on the side of the non-drive end bearing 12 away from the rotor assembly 2. Multiple second ventilation holes 71 are provided on the blades of the non-drive end fan 7. Since the non-drive end fan 7 also uses a centrifugal fan, the gas is blown out radially. By providing multiple second ventilation holes 71 on the blades of the non-drive end fan 7, some of the gas can be diverted to the back area of ​​the blades to directly blow onto the non-drive end bearing 12 for heat dissipation.

[0038] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention using the methods and techniques disclosed above, or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the spirit and technical essence of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent substitutions, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet motor with a heat dissipation structure, comprising a shaft (1), a rotor assembly (2) disposed on the outer periphery of the shaft (1), a stator assembly (3) disposed on the outer periphery of the rotor assembly (2), a housing (4) disposed on the outer periphery of the stator assembly (3), a drive end cover (5) disposed at one end of the housing (4), and a non-drive end cover (6) disposed at the other end of the housing (4), characterized in that: The non-drive end of the rotating shaft (1) is equipped with a non-drive end fan (7), and the drive end cover (5) is provided with a through hole (51). The rotating shaft (1) extends through the through hole (51) to the outside of the drive end cover (5), and the drive end of the rotating shaft (1) is equipped with a drive end fan (8) located in the through hole (51).

2. The permanent magnet motor with a heat dissipation structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the through hole (51) is provided with a first air inlet (52), and the transmission end cap (5) is provided with a first air outlet (53) and a cooling channel (54) for connecting the first air inlet (52) and the first air outlet (53).

3. The permanent magnet motor with a heat dissipation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive end fan (8) is a centrifugal fan, and the first air inlet (52) is arranged along the radial direction of the drive end fan (8).

4. The permanent magnet motor with a heat dissipation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first air outlet (53) is located on the end face of the transmission end cover (5) and is arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft (1).

5. The permanent magnet motor with a heat dissipation structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first air inlet (52) is provided with multiple air inlets evenly spaced along the circumference of the through hole (51), and the first air outlet (53) is provided with multiple air outlets evenly spaced along the circumference of the transmission end cap (5). Each first air inlet (52) corresponds to each first air outlet (53).

6. The permanent magnet motor with a heat dissipation structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission end cap (5) is connected to the rotating shaft (1) through a transmission end bearing (11). The transmission end fan (8) is located on the side of the transmission end bearing (11) away from the rotor assembly (2). Multiple first ventilation holes (81) are provided on the blades of the transmission end fan (8).

7. The permanent magnet motor with a heat dissipation structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first ventilation hole (81) is one or more of the following: circular, waist-shaped, polygonal, or composite irregular hole.

8. The permanent magnet motor with a heat dissipation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The non-drive end cap (6) has a cavity (61) on its inner side. The non-drive end fan (7) is located in the cavity (61). The non-drive end cap (6) has a second air inlet (62). The housing (4) has a housing air duct (41) inside. The air inlet of the housing air duct (41) is connected to the cavity (61), and the air outlet is connected to the outside.

9. The permanent magnet motor with a heat dissipation structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The air inlet and air outlet of the shell air duct (41) are respectively located on the two ends of the shell (4).

10. The permanent magnet motor with a heat dissipation structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The non-drive end cap (6) is connected to the rotating shaft (1) through a non-drive end bearing (12). The non-drive end fan (7) is a centrifugal fan and is located on the side of the non-drive end bearing (12) away from the rotor assembly (2). Multiple second ventilation holes (71) are provided on the blades of the non-drive end fan (7).

Images