System operation device and method for battery formation system

Abstract

A system operating apparatus and method for a battery formation system are provided. A system operating device according to the present disclosure comprises: a monitoring circuit for monitoring a condition of a power supply facility; and a controller for: in response to monitoring a fault of the power supply facility, determining whether at least one of first to m-th operation schedules of first to m-th chargers / dischargers included in the charging / discharging facility needs to be modified based on the first to m-th operation schedules and power information of the energy storage device; and stopping each of the first to m-th chargers / dischargers associated with each operating schedule determined to need to be modified. M is a natural number of 2 or more.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to a control technique for improving the efficiency of a formation process performed by a battery formation system.

[0002] This application is based on and claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0030856, filed in Korea on March 4, 2024, and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2025-0016858, filed in Korea on February 10, 2025, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. Background Technology

[0003] Recently, the demand for portable electronic products such as laptops, cameras and mobile phones has increased rapidly, and with the widespread development of batteries for electric vehicles, energy storage, robots and satellites, much research has been conducted on high-performance batteries that can be repeatedly charged and discharged.

[0004] Batteries on the market now include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, lithium batteries, etc. Among them, lithium batteries have little or no memory effect, and therefore they have received more attention than nickel-based batteries because their advantages are that they can be recharged at any time, have a very low self-discharge rate, and have high energy density.

[0005] Batteries are manufactured into finished products through a sequential assembly and formation process. During assembly, the positive electrode, negative electrode, and separator are stacked together with the electrolyte and housed in an outer package, followed by sealing. During formation, the assembled battery undergoes a predetermined charge / discharge process. When the battery is formed, a solid electrolyte interface (SEI) is formed on the negative electrode surface, thereby establishing the desired electrical properties.

[0006] Batteries that have already undergone the assembly process are sequentially transferred to the battery formation system, and the battery formation system performs the formation process on the batteries in a first-in, first-out manner.

[0007] The battery formation system includes a charging / discharging facility for charging and discharging multiple battery packs separately; and a power supply facility for supplying direct current to the charging / discharging facility.

[0008] In the event of a power supply failure, the power supply from the power supply facility to the charging / discharging facility will be interrupted. As a result, the formation process of all battery boxes may be halted until the power supply failure is resolved. Summary of the Invention

[0009] Technical issues

[0010] This disclosure aims to solve the above-mentioned problems, and therefore aims to provide an apparatus and method that, in the event of a failure in the power supply facilities of the battery formation system, prevents the complete cessation of the formation process of all battery boxes by adjusting the operation scheduling of at least one charger / discharger included in the charging / discharging facilities.

[0011] These and other objects and advantages of this disclosure will be understood from the following description, and will become apparent from embodiments of this disclosure. Furthermore, it will be readily understood that the objects and advantages of this disclosure can be achieved by the means and combinations thereof set forth in the appended claims.

[0012] Technical solution

[0013] A system operating apparatus according to one aspect of this disclosure is used for a battery formation system including a power supply facility, a charging / discharging facility, and an energy storage device. The system operating apparatus includes: a monitoring circuit for monitoring the status of the power supply facility; and a controller for: in response to detecting a fault in the power supply facility, determining, based on first to m-th operating schedules of first to m-th chargers / dischargers included in the charging / discharging facility and power information of the energy storage device, whether at least one of the first to m-th operating schedules needs to be modified; and stopping each of the first to m-th chargers / dischargers associated with each operating schedule determined to need modification. m is a natural number of 2 or greater.

[0014] The controller can determine whether at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified by comparing the electrical energy to be supplied to the charging / discharging facility with the dischargeable energy of the energy storage device.

[0015] When the electrical energy to be supplied is greater than the dischargeable energy, the controller can determine that at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified.

[0016] The controller can determine the electrical energy to be supplied based on the difference between the current value and the maximum value of the total electrical energy of the charging / discharging facility.

[0017] The controller can determine the remaining charging energy of the i-th to j-th chargers / dischargers operating in charging mode among the first to m-th chargers / dischargers. The controller can determine that the operation schedules a-th to j-th in the operation schedules of the i-th to j-th chargers / dischargers need to be modified. (i) The sum of the remaining charging energies a-th to j-th in the remaining charging energies of the i-th to j-th chargers / dischargers can be equal to or greater than the dischargeable energy, and (ii) The sum of the remaining charging energies (a+1)-th to j-th chargers / dischargers can be less than the dischargeable energy. i is a natural number of 1 or greater, j is a natural number greater than i and equal to or less than m, and a is a natural number equal to or greater than i and less than j.

[0018] The controller can determine whether at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified by comparing the electrical energy to be regenerated by the charging / discharging facility with the rechargeable energy of the energy storage device.

[0019] When the electrical energy to be regenerated is greater than the rechargeable energy, the controller can determine that at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified.

[0020] The controller can determine the amount of energy to be regenerated based on the difference between the current value and the minimum value of the total electrical energy of the charging / discharging facility.

[0021] The controller can determine the k-th to l-th remaining discharge energy of the k-th to l-th chargers / dischargers operating in discharge mode among the first to m-th chargers / dischargers. The controller can determine that the b-th to l-th operation schedules in the k-th to l-th operation schedules need to be modified. (i) The sum of the b-th to l-th remaining discharge energies in the k-th to l-th remaining discharge energies can be equal to or greater than the rechargeable energy, and (ii) The sum of the (b+1)-th to l-th remaining discharge energies can be less than the rechargeable energy. k is a natural number of 1 or greater, l is a natural number greater than k and equal to or less than m, and b is a natural number equal to or greater than k and less than l.

[0022] According to another aspect of this disclosure, the battery formation system includes system operating devices.

[0023] A system operation method according to another aspect of this disclosure is used for a battery formation system including a power supply facility, a charging / discharging facility, and an energy storage device. The system operation method includes: monitoring the status of the power supply facility; in response to detecting a fault in the power supply facility, determining whether at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified based on the first to m-th operation schedules of the charging / discharging facilities and the power information of the energy storage device; and stopping each of the first to m-th chargers / dischargers associated with each operation schedule determined to need modification. m is a natural number of 2 or greater.

[0024] Determining whether at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified may include: comparing the electrical energy to be supplied to the charging / discharging facility with the dischargeable energy of the energy storage device to determine whether at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified.

[0025] Determining whether at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified may include: determining that at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified when the electrical energy to be supplied is greater than the dischargeable energy.

[0026] Determining whether at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified may include: determining whether at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified by comparing the electrical energy to be regenerated by the charging / discharging facility with the rechargeable energy of the energy storage device.

[0027] Determining whether at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified may include: determining that at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified when the electrical energy to be regenerated is greater than the rechargeable energy.

[0028] Beneficial effects

[0029] According to at least one embodiment of this disclosure, in the event of a failure in the power supply facility of the battery formation system, by adjusting the operation scheduling of at least one charger / discharger included in the charging / discharging facility, the following situation can be prevented: all battery boxes completely stop the formation process.

[0030] Additionally, according to at least one embodiment of this disclosure, the formation process of at least some of the multiple battery boxes can be extended as long as possible by determining which of the multiple chargers / dischargers is dominant during charging and discharging in the event of a power supply failure.

[0031] The effects of the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to those described above, and those skilled in the art will clearly understand these and other effects based on the appended claims. Attached Figure Description

[0032] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the following detailed description, are intended to provide a better understanding of the technical aspects of the present disclosure; therefore, the present disclosure should not be construed as limited to the drawings.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a diagram schematically illustrating the overall architecture of a battery formation system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0034] Figure 2 It is shown schematically. Figure 1 The diagram shows the connection relationships between the components of the battery formation system.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a diagram referenced when describing an exemplary operational schedule for a charger / discharger.

[0036] Figure 4 This is an exemplary graph depicting the time-related changes in the total power of a charging / discharging facility.

[0037] Figure 5 This is an exemplary graph illustrating the time-related changes in the total electrical energy of a charging / discharging facility.

[0038] Figure 6 This is a flowchart schematically illustrating a system operation method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0039] Figure 7 A schematic diagram may be included Figure 6 The flowchart shows an example of a subroutine in step S630.

[0040] Figure 8 In describing Figure 7 The method references the diagram.

[0041] Figure 9 A schematic diagram may be included Figure 6 The flowchart shows another example of a subroutine in step S630.

[0042] Figure 10 In describing Figure 9 The method references the diagram.

[0043] Figure 11 A schematic diagram may be included Figure 6 The flowchart shows an example of a subroutine in step S640.

[0044] Figure 12 and Figure 13 In describing Figure 11 The method references the diagram.

[0045] Figure 14 A schematic diagram may be included Figure 6 The flowchart shows another example of a subroutine in step S640.

[0046] Figure 15 and Figure 16 In describing Figure 14 The method references the diagram. Detailed Implementation

[0047] In the following, exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Before the description, it should be understood that the terms or words used in the specification and appended claims should not be construed as limited to their ordinary or dictionary meanings, but should be interpreted based on the meanings and concepts corresponding to the technical aspects of the present disclosure, principles and concepts based on the principle that the inventors are permitted to properly define terms for the best interpretation.

[0048] Therefore, the embodiments described herein and the illustrations shown in the accompanying drawings are exemplary embodiments of this disclosure used to describe technical aspects of this disclosure but are not intended to be limiting. It should be understood that various other equivalents and modifications may be made thereto when submitting an application.

[0049] Ordinal terms such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish one element from another among various elements, but are not intended to limit elements to these terms.

[0050] Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the terms "comprising" and "including" as used herein specify the presence of the stated element, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements. Additionally, as used herein, the term "unit" refers to a processing unit that performs at least one function or operation and can be implemented by hardware and software, individually or in combination.

[0051] Furthermore, as will be further understood throughout this specification, when an element is referred to as being “connected to” another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element.

[0052] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall architecture of a battery formation system 10 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and Figure 2 It is shown schematically. Figure 1 A diagram showing the connection relationships between the components of the battery formation system 10.

[0053] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The battery formation system 10 includes a power supply facility 100, a charging / discharging facility 200, an energy storage device 300, a direct current (DC) grid 20, and a system operating device 400.

[0054] The power supply facility 100, the charging / discharging facility 200, and the energy storage device 300 can be electrically coupled through the DC grid 20 to achieve bidirectional power supply between them.

[0055] Power supply facility 100 is installed on the power line connecting alternating current (AC) power network 1 to DC power grid 20. Power supply facility 100 converts AC power supplied from AC power network 1 into DC power and supplies it to DC power grid 20.

[0056] The voltage of the DC power supplied from the power supply facility 100 to the DC grid 20 can be maintained at a reference voltage (e.g., preset to 370V) through feedback control.

[0057] The power supply facility 100 includes an AC-DC converter. The system operating device 400 can perform on / off control on the AC-DC converter, or adjust the amount of DC power supplied from the AC-DC converter to the DC grid 20 according to the conditions of the AC grid 1.

[0058] Charging / discharging facility 200 includes first to m chargers / dischargers. Where m is a natural number of 2 or greater. The charger / discharger CD may include at least one bidirectional DC-DC converter. When x is a natural number equal to or less than m, the x-th charger / discharger... It can be sent to the xth charger / discharger The battery box BX relays bidirectional power transmission between the battery box BX and the DC power grid 20.

[0059] The charging / discharging facility 200 can simultaneously perform individual formation processes on a maximum of m battery boxes BX. That is, after undergoing an assembly process, the battery boxes BX are sequentially transferred to the battery formation system 10, and the charging / discharging facility 200 performs the formation process on the battery boxes BX sequentially in a first-in, first-out manner. For example, in two battery boxes BX, the earlier transferred battery box BX can be processed by the first charger / discharger. The battery pack BX can be charged and discharged, and delivered later by a second charger / discharger. Charging and discharging.

[0060] Additionally, the first to the mth chargers / dischargers It can operate independently in charging mode, discharging mode, and rest mode. For example, at the same timing, the first to the mth chargers / dischargers... Any one of them can operate in charging mode, another can operate in discharging mode, and the others can operate in rest mode.

[0061] The energy storage device 300 is not limited to a specific type and may include any type of device that has the function of storing and supplying electrical energy, such as a battery bank or an energy storage system (ESS).

[0062] The system operating device 400 includes a monitoring circuit 410 and a controller 420.

[0063] The monitoring circuit 410 can monitor the status of the power supply facility 100 and the energy storage device 300 independently.

[0064] The monitoring circuit 410 may include at least one of a first sensor module for measuring AC power input / output through a first power channel of the power supply facility 100 or a second sensor module 412 for measuring DC power input / output through a second power channel of the power supply facility 100. The monitoring circuit 410 may include a third sensor module 413 to detect the voltage and current of the energy storage device 300.

[0065] The controller 420 can detect faults in the power supply facility 100 based on measurement data collected from the first sensor module 411 and / or the second sensor module 412 of the monitoring circuit 410. Fault types in the power supply facility 100 may include, for example, (i) cessation of operation of the power supply facility 100 due to breakdown, (ii) power interruption in the AC power network 1, (iii) a disconnected power path between the AC power network 1 and the power supply facility 100, and (iv) a disconnected power path between the power supply facility 100 and the DC grid 20. Faults in the power supply facility 100 may result in interruptions in the output operation of charging power from the power supply facility 100 to the charging / discharging facility 200, and interruptions in the input operation of regenerated power from the charging / discharging facility 200 to the power supply facility 100.

[0066] The controller 420 can determine at least one of the dischargeable energy or the rechargeable energy based on measurement data collected from the third sensor module 413 of the monitoring circuit 410.

[0067] Dischargeable energy corresponds to the electrical capacity stored in the energy storage device 300, and can refer to excess electrical energy that can be used to continue the charging operation of the charging / discharging facility 200. For example, in the event of a failure in the power supply facility 100, charging power from the energy storage device 300 can be supplied to the first to mth chargers / dischargers within the limit of the dischargeable energy. At least one charger / discharger that operates in charging mode.

[0068] Rechargeable energy corresponds to the electrical capacity that can be additionally stored in the energy storage device 300, and can refer to electrical energy that can be used to continue the discharge operation of the charging / discharging facility 200 even in the event of a failure of the power supply facility 100. For example, in the event of a failure of the power supply facility 100, energy from the first to the mth chargers / dischargers... The regenerated power of at least one charger / discharger operating in discharge mode can be stored in the energy storage device 300 within the limit of rechargeable energy.

[0069] The maximum electrical energy that the energy storage device 300 can store can be equal to the sum of the dischargeable energy and the rechargeable energy.

[0070] The controller 420 is configured to perform actions with the first to m chargers / dischargers based on the status of the power supply facility 100 and the energy storage device 300 monitored by the monitoring circuit 410. Related control functions.

[0071] The controller 420 may include at least one of an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a digital signal processing device (DSPD), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a microprocessor, or an electrical unit for performing other functions in the hardware.

[0072] The controller 420 may have a memory. The memory may include at least one type of storage medium, such as flash memory, hard disk, solid-state drive (SSD), silicon disk drive (SDD), multimedia card, random access memory (RAM), static random access memory (SRAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or programmable read-only memory (PROM). The memory may store data and programs required for the operation of the controller 420. The memory may also store data indicating the results of the controller 420's operations.

[0073] When a fault or potential fault in the power supply facility 100 is identified based on data collected from the monitoring circuit 410, the controller 420 can execute control functions to protect the battery formation system 10.

[0074] As an example, in a charging-dominant state where the total charging power supplied from the DC grid 20 to the charging / discharging facility 200 is greater than the regenerative power supplied from the charging / discharging facility 200 to the DC grid 20 (referred to as 'total discharging power'), the controller 420 may control the power supply facility 100 to increase the DC power output to the DC grid 20 in order to prevent excessive voltage drop in the DC grid 20.

[0075] As another example, in a discharge-dominant state where the regenerative power supplied from the charging / discharging facility 200 to the DC grid 20 is greater than the total charging power supplied from the DC grid 20 to the charging group, the controller 420 can control the power supply facility 100 to reduce the DC power output to the DC grid 20 in order to prevent excessive voltage rise in the DC grid 20.

[0076] When no fault is identified in the power supply facility 100 based on the data collected from the monitoring circuit 410, the controller 420 can control the power supply facility 100 and the first to m chargers / dischargers. According to the respective chargers / dischargers from the first to the mth. The associated control sequence of the first through m-th operation schedules. The x-th operation schedule can be defined as the transmission to the x-th charger / discharger. A dataset of charging / discharging sequences of the formation process of battery pack BX. More specifically, the x-th operation schedule can be defined to represent the sequence from the x-th charger / discharger. The power curve showing the change in electricity over time at the start of the formation process.

[0077] Figure 3 This is a diagram referenced in an exemplary operation schedule for a charger / discharger.

[0078] exist Figure 3 In the graph, the horizontal axis (X-axis) indicates time, and the vertical axis (Y-axis) indicates power. For ease of description, a positive sign represents charging power, and a negative sign represents regenerating power.

[0079] refer to Figure 3 Electricity curve Corresponding to the first charger / discharger Operational scheduling, and power curves Corresponding to the m-th charger / discharger Operation scheduling.

[0080] Indicates that the power is transmitted to the first charger / discharger. The first charger / discharger for the BX battery box The start time of the formation process, and This indicates that the signal is sent to the m-th charger / discharger. The m-th charger / discharger of the BX battery box The start time of the formation process. Each charger / discharger performs a common formation process, therefore when the power curve... Shift to the right and The power curve during the time difference between and power curve They can completely overlap. Because... Electricity curve The sign is positive, so the first charger / discharger It can operate in charging mode at the start of the formation process.

[0081] Indicates the first charger / discharger The time it takes to change from charging mode to discharging mode, and Indicates the m-th charger / discharger The time it takes for the charger to switch from charging mode to discharging mode. Therefore, the first charger / discharger... From Supplying regenerative power to DC grid 20, and the m-th charger / discharger From Supply renewable electricity to DC grid 20.

[0082] Indicates the first charger / discharger The end time of the transformation process, and Indicates the m-th charger / discharger The end time of the formation process.

[0083] For from arrive During the time period, the first charger / discharger and the m-th charger / discharger Both can operate in pause mode. Additionally, for... arrive During the time period, the first charger / discharger It can operate in discharge mode, and then in rest mode, and the m-th charger / discharger... It can be operated in rest mode. Additionally, for... arrive During the time period, the first charger / discharger It can operate in rest mode, and the mth charger / discharger It can be operated in this order: rest mode, charging mode, and discharging mode. This is because the first to the mth charger / discharger... The formation process described above is performed independently.

[0084] For reference, when the individual formation process of m battery boxes BX is carried out by the first charger / discharger To the m-th charger / discharger When executed in sequence, This can be the operation completion time of the charging / discharging facility 200.

[0085] Figure 4 This is an exemplary graph depicting the time-related changes in the total power of the charging / discharging facility 200, and Figure 5 This is an exemplary graph illustrating the time-related changes in the total electrical energy of the charging / discharging facility 200.

[0086] exist Figure 4 In the graph, the horizontal axis (X-axis) indicates time, and the vertical axis (Y-axis) indicates electricity. Electricity curve. This indicates the change in the total power of the charging / discharging facility 200 over time.

[0087] At a specific point in time, the total power of the charging / discharging facility 200 can correspond to the first to the mth chargers / dischargers. The difference between the total charging power and the total regenerated power. The total charging power can be the power supplied to the first through the mth chargers / dischargers. The sum of the charging power of the chargers / dischargers operating in charging mode. The total regenerated power can be from the first to the mth chargers / dischargers. The sum of regenerated power supplied by chargers / dischargers operating in discharge mode.

[0088] refer to Figure 4 The total power of the charging / discharging facility 200 can indicate the first to the mth chargers / dischargers. The sum of the electricity. That is, the first to the mth charger / discharger. The total power of each of the charging / discharging facilities 200 can have a relationship according to the following equation 1.

[0089] Equation 1

[0090]

[0091] In equation 1, This can be represented as the x-th charger / discharger at time t. The electricity, and It can represent the total power of the charging / discharging facility 200 at time t.

[0092] Let's refer to each other. Figure 3 and Figure 4 ,exist Location, first charger / discharger The formation process begins. Subsequently, the battery box BX is sequentially transferred to the charging / discharging facility 200, and the second to m chargers / dischargers are connected. The transformation process begins sequentially. Therefore, until from... After a certain amount of time, the total power of the charging / discharging facility 200 gradually increases.

[0093] This indicates the time when the total power of the charging / discharging facility 200 is at its maximum. The total power of the charging / discharging facility 200 is measured from time... It began to gradually decrease, and over time... Reaching 0 [W]. The total power of the charging / discharging facility 200, indicating a positive state, can be termed the 'charging-dominated state,' and this charging-dominated state is maintained from [a certain point in time]. arrive The time period can be referred to as the 'charging-dominated period'.

[0094] In comparison, from the perspective of time First, the first charger / discharger The power is shown as a negative sign, but the total power from time... Time This is because at least one other charger / discharger was operating in charging mode during the same time period.

[0095] This indicates the time when the total power of the charging / discharging facility 200 is at its minimum. The total power of the charging / discharging facility 200 is measured from time... arrive The total power of the charging / discharging facility 200 gradually increases, and the state in which a negative sign is indicated can be referred to as the 'discharge-dominated state (or regeneration-dominated state)', and during this period the discharge-dominated state is maintained from... arrive The time period can be referred to as the 'discharge-dominant period'.

[0096] exist Figure 5 In the diagram, the horizontal axis (X-axis) indicates time, and the vertical axis (Y-axis) indicates total electrical energy. (Electricity curve) The total electrical energy of the charging / discharging facility 200 is shown as a function of time.

[0097] The total power and total electrical energy of the charging / discharging facility 200 can have a relationship according to the following equation 2.

[0098] Equation 2

[0099]

[0100] In equation 2, This can represent the total power of the charging / discharging facility 200 at time x, and It can represent from The total electrical energy of the charging / discharging facility is 200.

[0101] Let's refer to each other. Figure 4 and Figure 5 Because of the total power of the power curve from arrive With a positive sign, the total electrical energy of the charging / discharging facility 200 is from arrive Continue to rise.

[0102] In time The total power of the charging / discharging facility 200 changes from positive to negative, therefore the total power of the power curve changes. In time The largest.

[0103] Because the total power of the power curve from arrive Because it has a negative sign, the total electrical energy of the charging / discharging facility 200 from time... Keep decreasing and in time It reaches its minimum at that point.

[0104] Figure 6 This is a flowchart schematically illustrating a system operation method according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 6 The method can be performed periodically or non-periodically by the system operating device 400 in a repetitive manner while the formation process is performed by the battery formation system 10.

[0105] refer to Figures 1 to 6 In step S610, the controller 420 monitors the status of the power supply facility 100 and the energy storage device 300 based on data collected from the monitoring circuit 410.

[0106] In step S620, the controller 420 determines whether a fault has occurred in the power supply facility 100. When the value of step S620 is "yes", Figure 6 The method can be moved to step S630. When the value of step S620 is "No", Figure 6 This method can be used to end the discussion. For reference, in... Figure 5 middle, This can indicate the time when a fault occurs in the power supply facility 100 during the charging-dominated state, and It can indicate the time when a fault occurs in the power supply facility 100 during the discharge-dominant state.

[0107] In step S630, the controller 420 is based on the first to m-th chargers / dischargers included in the charging / discharging facility 200, respectively. The associated first to m-th operation schedules and the power information of the energy storage device 300 are used to determine whether at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified. When the value of step S630 is "yes", Figure 6 The method can be moved to step S640. When the value of step S630 is "No", Figure 6 The method can be completed.

[0108] In step S630, the controller 420 stops the first to m-th chargers / dischargers. Among them, each charger / discharger associated with each operation schedule that is identified as needing modification.

[0109] Figure 7 A schematic diagram may be included Figure 6 The flowchart shows an example of the subroutine in step S630, and Figure 8 In describing Figure 7 The method references the diagram.

[0110] refer to Figure 7In step S710, the controller 420 determines whether the charging / discharging facility 200 is operating in a charging-dominant state. A value of "yes" in step S710 indicates that a failure of the power supply facility 100 occurred during the formation process of the charging / discharging facility 200 in the charging-dominant state.

[0111] Assumption Figure 8 Electricity curve and Figure 5 Electricity curve Same. When This indicates the time when the power supply facility 100 malfunctions, because time... Earlier than the time that will appear later Therefore, the output value of step S710 can be "Yes". When the value of step S710 is "Yes", the method can move to step S720.

[0112] In step S720, the controller 420 determines whether the electrical energy to be supplied to the charging / discharging facility 200 is greater than the dischargeable energy by comparing the electrical energy to be supplied with the dischargeable energy.

[0113] refer to Figure 8 The electrical energy to be supplied It can be indicated that unless a failure occurs in the power supply unit 100, the time will be... Time The electrical energy supplied from the power supply facility 100 to the charging / discharging facility 200. The controller 420 can adjust the current value of the total electrical energy in the charging / discharging facility 200 based on the time. Total electrical energy at point (and maximum value at time) and maximum value (at time) The difference between the total electrical energy at the location and the total electrical energy at the location determines the electrical energy to be supplied. .

[0114] The electrical energy to be supplied can be determined based on Equation 2 above through Equation 3 below.

[0115] Equation 3

[0116]

[0117] When the energy storage device 300 has a time greater than When electrical energy needs to be supplied, the energy storage device 300 can replace the power supply facility 100 to supply sufficient charging power to the charging / discharging facility 200 until the specified time. .

[0118] When the dischargeable energy is less than the electrical energy to be supplied, the energy storage device 300 can [operate] over time. The energy is depleted before the arrival of the charging mode, causing an unexpected halt to the operation of multiple chargers / dischargers in charging mode. Therefore, a value of "Yes" in step S720 can indicate that at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified so that the electrical energy to be supplied is equal to or less than the dischargeable energy. When the value of step S720 is "Yes", the method can move to Figure 6 Step S640. When the value of step S720 is "No", according to Figure 6 The method can be completed.

[0119] Figure 9 A schematic diagram may be included Figure 6 A flowchart of another example of the subroutine in step S630, and Figure 10 In describing Figure 9 The method references the diagram.

[0120] refer to Figure 9 In step S910, the controller 420 determines whether the charging / discharging facility 200 is operating in a discharge-dominant state. A value of "yes" in step S910 indicates that a failure of the power supply facility 100 occurred during the formation process of the charging / discharging facility 200 in the discharge-dominant state.

[0121] Assumption Figure 10 Electricity curve and Figure 5 Electricity curve Same. With Figure 8 In Conversely, when This indicates the time when the power supply facility 100 malfunctioned, because time... Greater than time Therefore, the output value of step S910 can be "Yes". When the value of step S910 is "Yes", the method can move to step S920.

[0122] In step S920, the controller 420 determines whether the electrical energy to be regenerated by the charging / discharging facility 200 is greater than the rechargeable energy by comparing the electrical energy to be regenerated with the rechargeable energy.

[0123] refer to Figure 10 The electrical energy to be regenerated Can indicate from arrive The electrical energy to be regenerated by the charging / discharging facility 200. That is, according to the energy curve... The electrical energy to be regenerated It can be Total electrical energy and The difference between the total electrical energy and the total electrical energy.

[0124] The electrical energy to be regenerated can be determined based on Equation 2 above through Equation 4 below.

[0125] Equation 4

[0126]

[0127] When time When the rechargeable energy is greater than the regenerated electrical energy, from time... arrive Renewable electricity supplied from the charging / discharging facility 200 can be stored in the energy storage device 300.

[0128] When the rechargeable energy is less than the electrical energy to be regenerated, the energy storage device 300 can [resume energy storage] over time. The device is fully charged before its arrival, causing an unexpected halt to the operation of multiple chargers / dischargers in discharge mode. Therefore, a value of "Yes" in step S920 can indicate that at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified so that the energy to be regenerated is equal to or less than the rechargeable energy. When the value of step S920 is "Yes", the method can move to... Figure 6 Step S640. When the value of step S920 is "No", according to Figure 6 The method can be completed.

[0129] Figure 11 A schematic diagram may be included Figure 6 The flowchart shows an example of the subroutine in step S640, and Figure 12 and Figure 13 In describing Figure 11 The method references the diagram.

[0130] refer to Figure 11 In step S1110, the controller 420 determines the i-th to j-th chargers / dischargers operating in charging mode, respectively. The associated remaining charging energy from the i-th to the j-th digits, where i is a natural number of 1 or greater, and j is a natural number greater than i and equal to or less than m.

[0131] Here, all chargers / dischargers from the i-th to the j-th are... It could be the time when the fault occurs ( Figure 8 In The charger / discharger is already in charging mode. Alternatively, the i-th to j-th chargers / dischargers... At least one of them can be a charger / discharger that was already in charging mode at the time of the fault, and the i-th to j-th chargers / dischargers Other chargers / dischargers in the list may be chargers / dischargers that will operate in charging mode after the time of the fault.

[0132] When y is a natural number equal to or greater than i and equal to or less than j, the remaining charging energy of the y-th charge / discharge charge indicates the remaining time before the total electrical energy of the charging / discharging facility 200 reaches its maximum value. The electrical energy. The remaining charging energy of the yth digit can be determined according to the following equation 5.

[0133] Equation 5

[0134]

[0135] In equation 5, Indicates the y-th charger / discharger The electricity at time t, and This represents the remaining charging energy for the y-th digit.

[0136] In step S1120, the controller 420 determines that the operation schedules a to j in the i to j operation schedules need to be modified, where a is a natural number equal to or greater than i and less than j. (i) the sum of the remaining charging energies a to j in the i to j remaining charging energies is equal to or greater than the dischargeable energy (or the difference between the electrical energy to be supplied and the dischargeable energy), and (ii) the sum of the remaining charging energies (a+1) to j is less than the dischargeable energy (or the difference between the electrical energy to be supplied and the dischargeable energy).

[0137] In step S1130, the controller 420 may stop the a-th to j-th chargers / dischargers that are in charging mode. The operation. That is, each of the operations from a to j in the schedule can be modified so that from time... The power is 0 [W].

[0138] refer to Figure 12 When the scheduling of operation a is modified, it only corresponds to Among Part of it remains in the first charger / discharger Modified power curve Furthermore, it was determined that the power curves of each of the other modified chargers / dischargers were in the same condition.

[0139] Additionally, when the a to j chargers / dischargers are in charging mode Operation from time At the time of stopping, the electrical energy curve It can be changed to Figure 13 The modified power curve shown Modified power curve The total electrical energy is less than the electrical energy curve From time Total electrical energy. Additionally, the modified electrical energy curve. The maximum value of the total electrical energy is less than the electrical energy curve. The maximum value of the total electrical energy, and the time when the total electrical energy is at its maximum. Earlier than time .

[0140] Figure 14 A schematic diagram may be included Figure 6 The flowchart shows another example of the subroutine in step S640, and Figure 15 and Figure 16 In describing Figure 14 The method references the diagram.

[0141] refer to Figure 14 In step S1410, the controller 420 determines the kth to 1st chargers / dischargers operating in discharge mode, respectively. The associated remaining discharge energy from the kth to the lth charge / discharger, where k is a natural number of 1 or greater, and l is a natural number greater than k and equal to or less than m. Here, all chargers / dischargers from the kth to the lth charge / discharger are considered. It could be the time when the fault occurs ( Figure 10 In The charger / discharger is already in discharge mode. Alternatively, the kth to lth chargers / dischargers... At least one of them can be a charger / discharger that was already in discharge mode at the time of the fault, and the kth to lth chargers / dischargers Other chargers / dischargers in the list may be chargers / dischargers that will operate in discharge mode after the time of the fault.

[0142] When z is a natural number equal to or greater than k and equal to or less than l, the z-th remaining discharge energy can indicate the remaining time before the total electrical energy of the charging / discharging facility 200 reaches its minimum value from the z-th charger / discharger. Regenerated electrical energy. The remaining discharge energy of the z-th generation can be determined according to the following equation 6.

[0143] Equation 6

[0144]

[0145] In equation 6, Indicates the z-th charger / discharger The electricity at time t, and This represents the remaining discharge energy of the z-th digit.

[0146] In step S1420, controller 420 determines that operation schedules b to l in operation schedules k to l need to be modified, where b is a natural number equal to or greater than k and less than l. (i) the sum of the remaining discharge energies b to l in the remaining discharge energies k to l is equal to or greater than the rechargeable energy (or the difference between the rechargeable energy and the energy to be regenerated), and (ii) the sum of the remaining discharge energies (b+1) to l is less than the rechargeable energy (or the difference between the rechargeable energy and the energy to be regenerated).

[0147] In step S1430, the controller 420 may stop the b to l chargers / dischargers in discharge mode. The operation. That is, each of the operations from b to l in the schedule can be modified so that from time... The power is 0 [W].

[0148] refer to Figure 15 When the schedule for operation b is modified, it only corresponds to Among Part of it remains in the b charger / discharger Modified power curve In addition, it was determined that the power curves of each of the other chargers / dischargers to be modified were in the same condition.

[0149] Additionally, when the b to l chargers / dischargers are in discharge mode, the operation from time... When stopped, the power curve can be... Change to Figure 16 The modified power curve shown Modified power curve The total electrical energy is less than the time The total electrical energy of the electrical energy curve Additionally, the total electrical energy of the modified electrical energy curve... The minimum value is greater than the total electrical energy of the electrical energy curve. The minimum value, the time when the total electrical energy is at its minimum. Earlier than time .

[0150] The embodiments of this disclosure described above are not only embodied by apparatus and methods, but can also be implemented by a program that performs functions corresponding to the exemplary configurations of this disclosure or a recording medium on which the program is recorded, and such implementations can be readily implemented by those skilled in the art from the content of this disclosure.

[0151] Although this disclosure has been described above with reference to certain embodiments and drawings, this disclosure is not limited thereto, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and changes can be made to it within the scope of the technical aspects of this disclosure and the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0152] Furthermore, since those skilled in the art can make many substitutions, modifications and changes to this disclosure as described above without departing from the technical aspects of this disclosure, this disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments and drawings, and some or all of the embodiments can be selectively combined to allow for various modifications.

Claims

1. A system operating apparatus for a battery formation system including a power supply facility, a charging / discharging facility, and an energy storage device, the system operating apparatus comprising: A monitoring circuit, the monitoring circuit being used to monitor the status of the power supply facility; as well as A controller configured to: in response to detecting a fault in the power supply facility, determine, based on the first to m-th operation schedules of the first to m-th chargers / dischargers included in the charging / discharging facility and the power information of the energy storage device, whether it is necessary to modify at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules, and stop each of the first to m-th chargers / dischargers associated with each operation schedule determined to need to be modified; Where m is a natural number of 2 or greater.

2. The system operating device according to claim 1, in, The controller is configured to: Whether at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified is determined by comparing the electrical energy to be supplied to the charging / discharging facility with the dischargeable energy of the energy storage device.

3. The system operating device according to claim 2, in, The controller is configured to: When the electrical energy to be supplied is greater than the dischargeable energy, it is determined that at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified.

4. The system operating device according to claim 2, in, The controller is configured to: The electrical energy to be supplied is determined based on the difference between the current value and the maximum value of the total electrical energy of the charging / discharging facility.

5. The system operating device according to claim 3, in, The controller is configured to: Determine the remaining charging energy of the i-th to j-th chargers / dischargers operating in charging mode among the first to m-th chargers / dischargers, and It is determined that the operation schedules from operation i to operation j need to be modified, wherein (i) the sum of the remaining charging energies from operation a to operation j in the remaining charging energies from operation i to operation j is equal to or greater than the dischargeable energy, and (ii) the sum of the remaining charging energies from operation (a+1) to operation j is less than the dischargeable energy, and Where i is a natural number of 1 or greater, j is a natural number greater than i and equal to or less than m, and a is a natural number equal to or greater than i and less than j.

6. The system operating device according to claim 1, in, The controller is configured to: Whether at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified is determined by comparing the electrical energy to be regenerated by the charging / discharging facility with the rechargeable energy of the energy storage device.

7. The system operating device according to claim 6, in, The controller is configured to: When the electrical energy to be regenerated is greater than the rechargeable energy, it is determined that at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified.

8. The system operating device according to claim 6, in, The controller is configured to: The amount of electrical energy to be regenerated is determined based on the difference between the current value and the minimum value of the total electrical energy of the charging and discharging facility.

9. The system operating device according to claim 7, in, The controller is configured to: Determine the remaining discharge energy of the kth to lth chargers / dischargers operating in discharge mode among the first to mth chargers / dischargers, and It is determined that the operation schedules from operation k to operation l need to be modified, wherein (i) the sum of the remaining discharge energies from operation b to operation l in the remaining discharge energies from operation k to operation l is equal to or greater than the rechargeable energy, and (ii) the sum of the remaining discharge energies from operation (b+1) to operation l is less than the rechargeable energy, and Where k is a natural number of 1 or greater, l is a natural number greater than k and equal to or less than m, and b is a natural number equal to or greater than k and less than l.

10. A battery formation system comprising a system operating device according to any one of claims 1-9.

11. A system operation method for a battery formation system including a power supply facility, a charging / discharging facility, and an energy storage device, the system operation method comprising: Monitor the status of the power supply facilities; In response to the detection of a fault in the power supply facility, a determination is made as to whether at least one of the first to m operation schedules needs to be modified, based on the first to m operation schedules of the first to m chargers / dischargers included in the charging / discharging facility and the power information of the energy storage device. as well as Stop each of the first to m-th chargers / dischargers associated with each operation schedule determined to need modification; Where m is a natural number of 2 or greater.

12. The system operation method according to claim 11, in, Determining whether at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified includes: Whether it is necessary to modify at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules is determined by comparing the electrical energy to be supplied to the charging / discharging facility with the dischargeable energy of the energy storage device.

13. The system operation method according to claim 12, in, Determining whether at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified includes: When the electrical energy to be supplied is greater than the dischargeable energy, it is determined that at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified.

14. The system operation method according to claim 11, in, Determining whether at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified includes: Whether at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified is determined by comparing the electrical energy to be regenerated by the charging / discharging facility with the rechargeable energy of the energy storage device.

15. The system operation method according to claim 14, in, Determining whether at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified includes: When the electrical energy to be regenerated is greater than the rechargeable energy, it is determined that at least one of the first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified.

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