Intelligent agricultural greenhouse
By setting up floating chambers and intelligent control systems inside the cultivation chamber, the problem of traditional cultivation racks being unable to dynamically adjust the root growth space has been solved. This enables intelligent adaptive adjustment of the root growth space and rational use of water, improving water circulation efficiency and stem and leaf humidity management.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511543769.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-28
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-28
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
In modern agricultural greenhouses, traditional cultivation racks cannot dynamically adjust the root growth space, which can lead to root hypoxia due to excessive irrigation. Spraying water has low circulation efficiency, and direct discharge or recycling of excess water can easily cause nutrient solution pollution.
A floating chamber and intelligent control system are set up in the cultivation chamber. Through the design of bubble float seats and bubble float plates, intelligent adaptive adjustment of spray water is realized. The lifting and lowering of the bubble float plates is controlled by pressure sensors and drive devices to form horizontal and vertical cavities, filter and purify water and make reasonable use of it, prevent root hypoxia and root rot, and at the same time keep the stems and leaves moist through the bubble float plates.
It achieves intelligent adaptive adjustment of root growth space, prevents root hypoxia, makes rational use of irrigation water, and maintains stem and leaf humidity after spraying, thereby improving water circulation efficiency and root space utilization.
Smart Images
Figure CN121014501A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of intelligent greenhouse, and particularly relates to an intelligent agricultural greenhouse. BACKGROUND
[0002] Modern agricultural greenhouses often use multi-layer vertical cultivation racks to improve space utilization, and realize automatic irrigation through a spraying system. Such cultivation racks are usually densely arranged between the greenhouse wet curtain and the negative pressure fan, and utilize the transverse airflow generated by the fan to achieve cooling and ventilation in the greenhouse. In this scenario, the airflow continuously penetrates the cultivation area, directly affecting the crop growth microenvironment. Traditional fixed cultivation cabins cannot dynamically adjust the root growth space according to the irrigation water volume, and excessive irrigation can easily lead to root oxygen deficiency; direct discharge of excess irrigation water causes waste, and simple recycling can easily cause nutrient solution pollution, resulting in low water recycling efficiency. Therefore, how to reasonably utilize irrigation water is a problem to be solved in the field of intelligent greenhouse cultivation. SUMMARY
[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides the following technical solutions: An intelligent agricultural greenhouse comprises a cultivation rack and an intelligent control system arranged on the cultivation rack, the cultivation rack is provided with a cultivation cabin, the cultivation rack is provided with a pipeline for spraying the cultivation cabin, the left end of the cultivation cabin is aligned with a fan of the agricultural greenhouse, the left and right ends of the cavity bottom of the cultivation cabin are provided with bubble float seats, the top of the two bubble float seats supports a floating cabin, so that a transverse cavity is formed between the cavity bottom of the floating cabin and the cavity bottom of the cultivation cabin, a plurality of leakage hole assemblies are arranged on the cavity bottom of the floating cabin and the bubble float seats and communicate with the transverse cavity, the left and right ends of the floating cabin and the left and right ends of the cultivation cabin form vertical cavities, and the two vertical cavities are provided with bubble float plates, the intelligent control system comprises a controller, a pressure sensor arranged in the cultivation cabin, and a driving device arranged outside the cultivation cabin, when the bubble float seat foams and floats upward, the floating cabin is pushed to rise, the sensing end of the pressure sensor is aligned with the rising direction of the floating cabin, and the driving device is electrically connected with the controller and drives the bubble float plate.
[0004] As a further optimization, the bubble float plate is a combination assembled in a metal frame by a plurality of corrugated boards, the plurality of corrugated boards have water absorption at the same time, and the action end of the driving device extends into the vertical cavity and is connected to the metal frame of the bubble float plate.
[0005] As a further optimization, a horizontal loading frame is welded on the cultivation rack, and the cultivation cabin is arranged on the horizontal loading frame.
[0006] As a further optimization, the leakage hole assembly comprises planting holes and water leakage holes arranged on the cavity bottom of the floating cabin, and further comprises horizontal overflow holes arranged on the bubble float seat, and the two ends of the horizontal overflow holes respectively communicate with the vertical cavities and the transverse cavity.
[0007] As a further preferred, the bubble floating seat is a high-density sponge board, the bottom of the bubble floating seat is provided with a solid seat, the horizontal overflow holes are a plurality of holes and are arranged on the solid seat along the length direction, and the transverse cavity is filled with large-grained sand.
[0008] As a further preferred, the horizontal overflow hole is a tapered hole gradually tapered from one end of the transverse cavity to one end of the vertical cavity.
[0009] As a further preferred, the cavity bottom of the cultivation cabin is provided with a plurality of vertical columns, the vertical columns are vertically upward and the top ends of the vertical columns are supported on the bottom surface of the floating cabin.
[0010] As a further preferred, the floating cabin is a U-shaped cabin, the front and rear ends of the floating cabin are communicated with the front and rear cabin walls of the cultivation cabin, the left and right ends of the floating cabin are provided with vertical upward partition plates, the left partition plate faces the left vertical cavity, and the right partition plate faces the right vertical cavity.
[0011] As a further preferred, the left end of the floating cabin is provided with a first bending part bent downward on the left side of the left solid seat, the right end of the floating cabin is provided with a second bending part bent downward on the right side of the right solid seat, the left partition plate is located on the right side of the first bending part on the left side and forms a first step part with the first bending part on the left side, the right partition plate is located on the left side of the first bending part on the right side and forms a second step part with the first bending part on the right side, the bubble floating board is vertically arranged in the vertical cavity, the bottom end of the bubble floating board is provided with an extension part extending to the left side of the first bending part or the right side of the second bending part, and the bottom end of the bubble floating board is provided with a limiting part clamped on the first step part or the second step part, so that the extension part and the solid seat form a space communicated with the horizontal overflow hole.
[0012] The beneficial effects of the present application compared with the prior art are: 1. The floating cabin is arranged in the cultivation cabin, the bottom of the floating cabin and the cultivation cabin form a transverse cavity under the support of the bubble floating seat, the side of the floating cabin and the cultivation cabin form a vertical cavity through the bubble floating board, when the spraying system irrigates the green plants in the floating cabin, the excess water penetrates into the transverse cavity below, is filtered and purified by the sand layer in the transverse cavity, and then continuously flows into the vertical cavity through the part of the holes of the bubble floating seat, the root system growth space of the green plants is intelligently and adaptively adjusted during spraying, the sand is loosened, the root accumulation of water and oxygen deficiency are effectively prevented, and the root rot is prevented.
[0013] 2. The water in the horizontal cavity will cause the bubble float to absorb water and expand upwards. The water that continues to accumulate in the horizontal cavity will cause the water level in the vertical cavity to gradually rise. The bubble float will rise and intercept the stems and leaves on both sides, allowing the moisture from the wet curtain side to pass through the bubble float and combine with the moisture on the bubble float to pass through the stems and leaves. This allows the stems and leaves to be kept moist for a long time while being sprayed and irrigated, providing constant humidity protection for the nearby stems and leaves, and making rational use of irrigation water.
[0014] 3. An intelligent control system is set up, which controls the rise of the bubble float and senses the rise of the floating chamber through a pressure sensor, thereby realizing intelligent control of the rising action of the bubble float and the long-term moisturization of the green plant stems and leaves. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a cultivation rack in a smart agricultural greenhouse provided for an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 The embodiments of the present invention are provided by Figure 1 Enlarged view of part A leading to the image; Figure 3 Another schematic diagram of the cultivation rack provided for an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the cultivation rack in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 The embodiments of the present invention are provided by Figure 4 Enlarged view of section B; Figure 6 This is a working principle diagram of a smart agricultural greenhouse provided for an embodiment of the present invention. In the diagram, the external house-shaped structure represents the greenhouse, and the internal structure represents the cultivation rack.
[0016] In the diagram: 10, cultivation rack; 101, horizontal loading rack; 20, cultivation chamber; 201, column; 210, bubble float; 2101, solid seat; 220, floating chamber; 2201, partition; 2202, first bend; 2203, second bend; 2204, first step; 2205, second step; 230, transverse cavity; 240, drain assembly; 250, vertical cavity; 260, bubble float plate; 2601, extension; 2602, limiting part; 30, intelligent control system; 310, pressure sensor; 320, drive device; 2401, planting hole; 2402, drain hole; 2403, horizontal overflow hole. Detailed Implementation
[0017] The above and other embodiments and advantages of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.
[0018] In one embodiment, as shown in Figures 1-6 : a smart agricultural greenhouse, comprising a cultivation frame 10 and an intelligent control system 30 arranged on the cultivation frame 10, the cultivation frame 10 is provided with a cultivation cabin 20, the cultivation frame 10 is provided with a pipeline for spraying the cultivation cabin 20, the left end of the cultivation cabin 20 is aligned with the fan of the agricultural greenhouse, the left and right ends of the cavity bottom of the cultivation cabin 20 are provided with bubble float seats 210, the top of the two bubble float seats 210 supports a floating cabin 220, so that the cabin bottom of the floating cabin 220 and the cavity bottom of the cultivation cabin 20 form a transverse cavity 230, the root system part is located in the transverse cavity 230 during green plant cultivation, the stem and leaf part is located above the top surface of the floating cabin 220 and is protected in the cultivation cabin 20, the cavity bottom of the floating cabin 220 and the bubble float seat 210 are provided with a plurality of hole assemblies 240 which are in communication with the transverse cavity 230, the left and right ends of the floating cabin 220 and the left and right ends of the cultivation cabin 20 form vertical cavities 250, the transverse cavity 230 is filled with large sand particles, the two vertical cavities 250 are provided with bubble float plates 260, the intelligent control system 30 comprises a controller, a pressure sensor 310 arranged inside the cultivation cabin 20, and a driving device 320 arranged outside the cultivation cabin 20, when the bubble float seat 210 foams upward and floats, the bubble float seat 210 pushes the floating cabin 220 to rise, the sensing end of the pressure sensor 310 is aligned with the rising direction of the floating cabin 220, the driving device 320 is electrically connected with the controller and drives the bubble float plate 260, the driving device 320 can be any existing device or mechanism that can drive the bubble float plate 260 to rise and fall, such as an electric cylinder, a motor, etc.
[0019] When the spray system irrigates the green plants in the floating cabin 220, the excess water penetrates through the part of holes of the leakage hole assembly 240 on the floating cabin 220 to the horizontal cavity 230 below, and then continuously flows into the vertical cavity 250 through the part of holes of the leakage hole assembly 240 on the bubble floating seat 210 after being filtered and purified by the sand layer in the horizontal cavity 230. The water in the horizontal cavity 230 will cause the bubble floating seat 210 to absorb water and swell upwards, at the same time, generate a vertical upward thrust on the floating cabin 220, accurately push the entire floating cabin 220 to vertically lift 20-50mm. This dynamic lifting instantly expands the growth space of the root system in the horizontal cavity 230, effectively prevents root waterlogging and hypoxia, and realizes the purpose of intelligent adaptive adjustment of the root system growth space of the green plants during spraying. At the same time, the sand is loosened to prevent root rot. After the spraying is completed, the water in the horizontal cavity 230 is gradually absorbed by the root system, and the bubble floating seat 210 automatically descends. The bubble floating seat 210 automatically descends with the floating cabin 220 to reset, and the above-mentioned action is repeated during the next spraying. At the same time of spraying, the water in the horizontal cavity 230 continues to accumulate, which will cause the water level in the vertical cavity 250 to gradually rise, and the bubble floating plate 260 will absorb a large amount of water as the water level in the vertical cavity 250 gradually rises. When the bubble floating seat 210 rises with the floating cabin 220, the top surface of the floating cabin 220 will also press the sensing end of the pressure sensor 310, so that the pressure sensor 310 feeds back a signal to the controller. The signal is fed back to the driving device 320 through the controller, and the driving device 320 pushes the bubble floating plate 260 to rise along the vertical cavity 250, and finally forms a three-dimensional barrier on the left and right sides of the bubble floating plate 260, which is located on the side of the fan and the side of the wet curtain. The fan is arranged on one side of the greenhouse shed Figure 6The wet curtain is arranged on the other side of the greenhouse, and when the fan inhales air outside the greenhouse, the wet curtain inhales fresh air into the greenhouse, so that the greenhouse is cooled and heat exchanged (the combination of the wet curtain and the fan is the prior art of the existing greenhouse, which has two functions, i.e., cooling and humidifying, and details are not described herein). The cultivation rack 10 is located in the greenhouse, and the left side of the bubble floating plate 260 corresponds to the side of the fan, and the right side of the bubble floating plate 260 corresponds to the side of the wet curtain. The air flow is inhaled into the greenhouse through the wet curtain side, and also penetrates the cultivation rack 10 in the form of horizontal airflow. At this time, the bubble floating plate 260 on the wet curtain side (the right side in the figure) absorbs a large amount of water from the vertical cavity 250 and rises to the left side of the intercepted green plant stems and leaves, so that the humidity from the wet curtain side (the right side in the figure) passes through the bubble floating plate 260 again, and the humidity on the bubble floating plate 260 is collected together to pass through the stems and leaves, so that the stems and leaves can be sprayed and irrigated at the same time, and the humidity environment of the stems and leaves can be kept for a long time, thereby providing constant humidity protection for the stems and leaves. The bubble floating plate 260 on the fan side (the left side in the figure) has three optimization effects: first, the physical barrier structure directly reduces the wind speed, significantly reduces the water evaporation rate on the surface of the stems and leaves; second, the water stored in the bubble floating plate 260 continuously evaporates passively under the action of the weakened airflow penetrating the plate, forming an additional humidity compensation microenvironment around the stems and leaves, offsetting the drying effect of the strong wind; and third, the intelligent control system 30 is used to achieve intelligent control, achieve a millisecond-level response to the precise balance between the demand for humidity and the demand for ventilation, thereby building a resource recycling sand filter water purification system as a whole, improving the self-adaptive space utilization rate of the root system, and also keeping the stems and leaves of the cultivation rack 10 in a humid state for a long period of time after spraying, thereby reasonably utilizing the irrigation water.
[0020] As shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 , the bubble floating plate 260 is a combination of multiple layers of corrugated plates assembled in a metal frame, and the multiple layers of corrugated plates have water absorption. The action end of the driving device 320 extends into the vertical cavity 250 and is connected to the metal frame of the bubble floating plate 260 (the metal frame or the shell has a plurality of air holes on the left and right sides). It needs to be further explained that the shape and principle of the corrugated plate are consistent with those of the corrugated plate used by the wet curtain of the greenhouse itself. The corrugated plate is not easy to deform and damage after absorbing water, and can restore to its original shape after the water is dried. The bubble floating plate 260 is formed into a composite structure by nesting multiple layers of water-absorbing corrugated plates in a metal frame. When the water level in the vertical cavity 250 rises, the corrugated plate quickly absorbs water and expands, and the action end of the driving device 320 accurately transmits the lifting force through the metal frame. (corrugated structure + metal frame synergistic effect), to avoid deformation of the bubble floating plate 260 due to water pressure; the bending stiffness is improved by 2 times, the honeycomb structure of the corrugated plate expands the specific surface area, and the principle of the humidifying structure of the wet curtain on the greenhouse is consistent, thereby accelerating the water absorption and matching the use of the humidity introduced by the wet curtain after rising; the metal frame provides a rigid connection point for the driving device 320.
[0021] It needs to be further explained that the cultivation frame 10 is welded with a horizontal loading frame 101, and the cultivation cabin 20 is installed on the horizontal loading frame 101. The horizontal loading frame 101 is welded with the cultivation frame 10 as a rigid whole, and the cultivation cabin 20 is fixed on the horizontal plane of the horizontal loading frame 101 by bolts or buckles to form a horizontal reference plane.
[0022] It needs to be further explained that the leakage hole assembly 240 includes planting holes 2401 opened on the cavity bottom of the floating cabin 220, and water leakage holes 2402, and also includes horizontal overflow holes 2403 opened on the bubble floating seat 210. The two ends of the horizontal overflow holes 2403 are communicated with the vertical cavities 250 and the horizontal cavities 230 respectively. The horizontal overflow holes 2403 are tapered holes that gradually taper from one end of the horizontal cavity 230 to one end of the vertical cavity 250. The bubble floating seat 210 is a high-density sponge plate. The bottom of the bubble floating seat 210 is provided with a solid seat 2101. The horizontal overflow holes 2403 are a plurality of holes and are opened on the solid seat 2101 along the length direction. The water filtered by the sand layer passes through the tapered horizontal overflow holes 2403. The tapered structure of the horizontal overflow holes 2403 produces a Venturi effect, so that the water reduces backflow when entering the vertical cavity 250, and ensures that most of the water is quickly absorbed by the bubble floating plate 260. The solid seat 2101 is made of a high-density sponge plate, which ensures that the compression resilience rate is ≤5%, and ensures that it does not deform during long-term use. The horizontal overflow holes 2403 are opened on the solid seat 2101, which ensures that the horizontal overflow holes 2403 do not deform.
[0023] It needs to be further explained that the cavity bottom of the cultivation cabin 20 is installed with a plurality of vertical columns 201, which are vertically upward and supported on the bottom surface of the floating cabin 220. The vertical columns 201 limit horizontal displacement, and the setting of the vertical columns 201 ensures that the floating cabin 220 does not tilt during lifting. The setting of the vertical columns 201 also shares the weight of the floating cabin 220, prevents the bubble floating seat 210 from being overloaded and compressed, and achieves the purpose of pressure protection.
[0024] As shown in Figure 4 , the floating cabin 220 is U-shaped, and the front and rear ends of the floating cabin 220 are communicated with the front and rear cabin walls of the cultivation cabin 20. The pressure sensor 310 is installed on the cavity wall of the cultivation cabin 20 and corresponds to the top surface of the floating cabin 220. When the floating cabin 220 rises to contact the sensing part of the pressure sensor 310, the pressure sensor 310 can be triggered to send a signal. The left and right ends of the floating cabin 220 are installed with vertical upward partitions 2201. The left partition 2201 faces the left vertical cavity 250, and the right partition 2201 faces the right vertical cavity 250. The setting of the partitions 2201 separates the cultivation area of the floating cabin 220 from the lifting area of the bubble floating plate 260, so that the growth of the green plants does not affect the bubble floating plate 260, and the lifting of the bubble floating plate 260 does not affect the green plants.
[0025] As shown in Figure 4 , Figure 5As shown, the left end of the floating cabin 220 is provided with a first bending part 2202 bending downward on the left side of the left solid seat 2101, the right end of the floating cabin 220 is provided with a second bending part 2203 bending downward on the right side of the right solid seat 2101, the left partition plate 2201 is away from the right side of the first bending part 2202 and forms a first step part 2204 with the first bending part 2202, the right partition plate 2201 is away from the left side of the first bending part 2202 and forms a second step part 2205 with the first bending part 2202, the bubble floating plate 260 is erected in the vertical cavity 250, the bottom end of the bubble floating plate 260 is provided with an extension part 2601 extending to the left side of the first bending part 2202 or the right side of the second bending part 2203, the bottom end of the bubble floating plate 260 is provided with a limiting part 2602 clamped on the first step part 2204 or the second step part 2205, so that the extension part 2601 and the solid seat 2101 form a space communicating with the horizontal overflow hole 2403. That is, the bubble floating plate 260 is inserted into the vertical cavity 250, the bottom end extension part 2601 of the bubble floating plate 260 is inserted into the cavity bottom of the vertical cavity 250 and forms a space between the bubble floating plate 260 and the solid seat 2101, which can supply water to flow into the vertical cavity 250 through the horizontal overflow hole 2403 and gradually wet the bubble floating plate 260, as each layer of water-absorbing corrugated board in the bubble floating plate 260 absorbs and quickly wets, the limiting part 2602 of the outer frame of the bubble floating plate 260 is limited by the first step part 2204 or the second step part 2205, so that the bottom end of the bubble floating plate 260 (also referred to as the outer frame) is away from the bottom of the vertical cavity 250 to form a space, so that water can fully flow into the vertical cavity 250, achieving the purpose of wetting each layer of corrugated board in the bubble floating plate 260 from the bottom to the top.
[0026] The above orientation reference does not represent the specific orientation of each component in the embodiment, and the embodiment is only for the convenience of describing the scheme and is relatively described by referring to the orientation in the figure. In essence, the specific orientation of each component is based on its actual installation and actual use as well as the orientation description habit of those skilled in the art, and this is stated.
[0027] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the application. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the application and does not limit the protection scope of the application. It is particularly pointed out that any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the application should be included in the protection scope of the application.
Claims
1. A smart agricultural greenhouse, characterized in that, The system includes a cultivation rack (10) and an intelligent control system (30) mounted on the cultivation rack (10). A cultivation chamber (20) is located inside the cultivation rack (10). A pipe is installed on the cultivation rack (10) to spray water onto the cultivation chamber (20). The left end of the cultivation chamber (20) is aligned with the fan of the agricultural greenhouse. Bubble floats (210) are located at the left and right ends of the bottom of the cultivation chamber (20). A floating cabin (220) is supported on the top of the two bubble floats (210), forming a transverse cavity (230) between the bottom of the floating cabin (220) and the bottom of the cultivation chamber (20). The bottom of the floating cabin (220) and the bubble floats (210) are provided with openings that are vertically aligned with the transverse cavity (230). The through-hole assembly (240) and the left and right ends of the floating chamber (220) form vertical cavities (250) with the left and right ends of the cultivation chamber (20). Bubble floats (260) are provided in the two vertical cavities (250). The intelligent control system includes a controller, a pressure sensor (310) installed inside the cultivation chamber (20), and a drive device (320) installed outside the cultivation chamber (20). When the bubble float (210) foams and floats upward, it pushes the floating chamber (220) to rise. The sensing end of the pressure sensor (310) is aligned with the rising direction of the floating chamber (220). The drive device (320) is electrically connected to the controller and drives the bubble float (260).
2. The smart agricultural greenhouse according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bubble float (260) is an assembly of multiple corrugated sheets assembled in a metal frame. The multiple corrugated sheets are also absorbent. The actuating end of the drive device (320) extends into the vertical cavity (250) and is connected to the metal frame of the bubble float (260).
3. The smart agricultural greenhouse according to claim 2, characterized in that, A horizontal loading rack (101) is welded onto the cultivation rack (10), and the cultivation chamber (20) is installed on the horizontal loading rack (101).
4. The smart agricultural greenhouse according to claim 3, characterized in that, The leakage assembly (240) includes a planting hole (2401) and a water leakage hole (2402) opened on the bottom of the floating chamber (220), and also includes a horizontal overflow hole (2403) opened on the bubble float (210). The two ends of the horizontal overflow hole (2403) are respectively connected to the vertical cavity (250) and the transverse cavity (230).
5. The smart agricultural greenhouse according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bubble float (210) is a high-density sponge board. The bottom of the bubble float (210) is provided with a solid seat (2101). There are several horizontal overflow holes (2403) and they are opened on the solid seat (2101) along the length direction. The transverse cavity (230) is filled with large sand particles.
6. The smart agricultural greenhouse according to claim 5, characterized in that, The horizontal overflow hole (2403) is a tapered hole that gradually tapers from one end of the transverse cavity (230) to the other end of the vertical cavity (250).
7. The smart agricultural greenhouse according to claim 6, characterized in that, The bottom of the cultivation chamber (20) is equipped with several columns (201), which are vertically upward and supported at the top of the floating chamber (220).
8. The smart agricultural greenhouse according to claim 7, characterized in that, The floating cabin (220) is U-shaped. The front and rear ends of the floating cabin (220) are connected to the front and rear walls of the cultivation cabin (20). Vertically upward partitions (2201) are installed on the left and right ends of the floating cabin (220). The partition (2201) on the left faces the vertical cavity (250) on the left, and the partition (2201) on the right faces the vertical cavity (250) on the right.
9. The smart agricultural greenhouse according to claim 8, characterized in that, The left end of the floating cabin (220) is provided with a first bend (2202) that bends downward to the left side of the solid seat (2101) on the left side, and the right end of the floating cabin (220) is provided with a second bend (2203) that bends downward to the right side of the solid seat (2101) on the right side. The partition (2201) on the left side is located to the right of the first bend (2202) on the left side and forms a first step (2204) with the first bend (2202) on the left side. The partition (2201) on the right side is located to the left of the first bend (2202) on the right side and forms a first step (2204) with the first bend (2202) on the right side. The second step (2205) is formed between 2202 and the solid base (2101). The bubble float (260) is erected in the vertical cavity (250). The bottom end of the bubble float (260) is provided with an extension (2601) extending to the left side of the first bend (2202) or the right side of the second bend (2203). The bottom end of the bubble float (260) is provided with a limiting part (2602) that is locked on the first step (2204) or the second step (2205), so that the extension (2601) and the solid base (2101) form a space that communicates with the horizontal overflow hole (2403).