Aluminum alloy casting apparatus

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of casting, and particularly relates to an aluminum alloy casting equipment; the aluminum alloy casting equipment comprises an upper die holder and a lower die holder; a first hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the top of the upper die holder; a second hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the bottom of the lower die holder; a male die is arranged on the bottom of the upper die holder; a first meandering groove is arranged on the outer ring of the male die; channels are arranged on the four sides of the first meandering groove; a pouring groove is arranged on the top of the upper die holder; a pouring opening is arranged on the bottom of the pouring groove; a first electric push rod is fixed on the top of a ceramic rod; four sealing plates are fixed on the circumferential line of the top of the upper die holder; a rectangular groove is arranged in the lower die holder; a female die bin is slidably arranged in the rectangular groove; a second electric push rod is arranged on the bottom of the female die bin, and the other side of the second electric push rod is arranged on the groove bottom of the rectangular groove; the aluminum alloy casting equipment further comprises an auxiliary mechanism; the auxiliary mechanism can extract the gas in the cavity, and simultaneously avoids the gas from being carried into the cavity.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of casting, in particular to an aluminum alloy casting equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Aluminum alloy has become an indispensable key material in the fields of aerospace, automobile manufacturing, rail transportation, electronic communication, etc. due to its advantages of small density, high specific strength, strong corrosion resistance, excellent thermal and electrical conductivity, and good recyclability. Aluminum alloy casting is a process of obtaining a specific shape casting by pouring liquid aluminum alloy melt into a mold cavity after smelting and composition adjustment, and then cooling, solidifying and post-processing.

[0003] The casting mold is the carrier of aluminum alloy melt forming. Its core function is to form a closed cavity consistent with the shape of the casting through the closing of the upper mold base and the lower mold base, and to ensure smooth filling, smooth venting and uniform solidification of the melt through the coordinated action of the pouring system, the venting system and the cooling system.

[0004] In aluminum alloy casting, air is left in the closed cavity formed by the upper mold base and the lower mold base after closing. These gases are difficult to be naturally discharged due to the sealing of the cavity. During pouring, air can be entrained into the cavity during the flow of aluminum alloy melt, especially when the melt flow is too fast or the pouring system is not reasonably designed, air is more likely to be entrained and mixed in the melt. At the same time, with the long-term use of the mold, the exhaust groove is easily blocked by metal debris, scale, etc., resulting in the inability of the internal gas in the cavity to be effectively discharged through the exhaust system, and ultimately causing the accumulation of gas in the cavity and the mixing of gas into the melt.

[0005] When there is gas in the melt, the gas will form pores during the cooling and solidification process of the melt, including subcutaneous pores under the surface and internal dispersed pores. The pores will destroy the continuity of the metal organization, resulting in a significant decrease in the mechanical properties such as tensile strength and elongation of the casting. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to make up for the shortcomings of the prior art and solve the above technical problems, the application provides an aluminum alloy casting equipment. By setting an auxiliary mechanism, the gas in the cavity can be extracted, and the gas can be prevented from being carried into the cavity. The specific structure is as follows.

[0007] An aluminum alloy casting equipment includes an upper mold base and a lower mold base. The top of the upper mold base is provided with a first hydraulic cylinder. The bottom of the lower mold base is provided with a second hydraulic cylinder. The bottom of the upper mold base is provided with a male die.

[0008] A first meandering groove is formed in the outer circle of the male die. Channels are formed in the four sides of the first meandering groove.

[0009] The upper die seat top is provided with a pouring groove, and the pouring groove is semispherical; the pouring groove bottom is provided with a pouring port; the pouring port is provided with a ceramic rod, and the ceramic rod is used for plugging the pouring port;

[0010] The ceramic rod top is fixed with a first electric push rod, and the first electric push rod other side is installed on the upper die seat top through a mounting frame; the upper die seat top circumference is fixed with four sealing plates;

[0011] The lower die seat inside is provided with a rectangular groove; the rectangular groove is slidably provided with a concave die bin, and the concave die bin is provided with a mold cavity; in the initial state, the concave die bin top end face is lower than the lower die seat top end face;

[0012] The concave die bin is opposite to the first back-shaped groove, and the wall thickness of the concave die bin is smaller than the groove width of the first back-shaped groove; the concave die bin bottom is installed with a second electric push rod, and the second electric push rod other side is installed in the rectangular groove groove bottom.

[0013] As a preferred mode of the application, it further comprises an auxiliary mechanism; the auxiliary mechanism comprises a guide cylinder, and the guide cylinder bottom is closed and installed on the workbench;

[0014] The upper die seat and the lower die seat are cylindrical in outline, and the upper die seat and the lower die seat are both slidably connected with the guide cylinder inside; the lower die seat slides on the guide cylinder bottom and is attached to the guide cylinder bottom, and the lower die seat bottom is fixed with a piston disc; the upper die seat is initially located on the guide cylinder top;

[0015] The upper die seat top is provided with a long groove on the outer circle surface of the guide cylinder, and the long groove corresponds to the sealing plate one by one; the guide cylinder outer circle is fixed with a plurality of air chambers, and the long groove is located in the air chamber; each air chamber is provided with a negative pressure sensor;

[0016] Each air chamber bottom is fixed with a guide pipe, and the guide pipe other side is in space communication with the lower die seat bottom; the guide pipe side in space communication with the lower die seat bottom is provided with a check valve; the guide cylinder bottom is provided with an air hole, and the air hole is provided with a check valve.

[0017] As a preferred mode of the application, the upper die seat top is provided with two n-shaped frames;

[0018] The n-shaped frame top is provided with a circular groove; the first hydraulic cylinder elongated rod passes through the circular groove and extends to the n-shaped frame inside, and the diameter of the first hydraulic cylinder elongated rod is smaller than the diameter of the circular groove;

[0019] The first hydraulic cylinder elongated rod side passing through the circular groove is fixed with a circular ring, and the circular ring is spaced apart from the n-shaped frame.

[0020] As a preferred mode of the application, the circular ring bottom is fixed with a spring, and the spring other side is fixed on the upper die seat surface;

[0021] The elongated rod of the first hydraulic cylinder located below the circular ring is located in the spring inner ring.

[0022] As a preferred mode of the present application, the top of the guide sleeve is designed with a rounded corner.

[0023] As a preferred mode of the present application, a square groove is formed on one side of the ceramic rod extending into the pouring gate.

[0024] As a preferred mode of the present application, a meandering groove is formed on the outer circle of the die cavity, and the meandering groove penetrates the bottom of the die cavity, and the groove top of the meandering groove is away from the upper surface of the die cavity;

[0025] The outer circle of the rectangular groove is located in the inner wall of the lower die seat, and a second meandering groove is formed on the top of the second meandering groove, and uniform gas grooves are formed on the top of the second meandering groove, and the gas grooves are respectively corresponding to the four channels; a one-way valve is installed in each gas groove;

[0026] A gas pipe is installed on the top of each gas cavity, and the gas pipe is in communication with the external cooling gas;

[0027] Uniform first air holes are formed on the four surfaces of the second meandering groove towards the rectangular groove;

[0028] A through hole is formed on the bottom of the rectangular groove, and a one-way valve is installed in the through hole.

[0029] As a preferred mode of the present application, a meandering plate is arranged in the second meandering groove;

[0030] A meandering frame is fixed on the bottom of the meandering plate, and the meandering frame is attached to the second meandering groove; uniform springs are fixed on the bottom of the meandering frame, and the other side of the springs is fixed on the groove bottom of the second meandering groove;

[0031] Uniform second air holes are formed on the meandering plate, and the second air holes are staggered with the first air holes in the initial state.

[0032] As a preferred mode of the present application, uniform third electric push rods are installed on the bottom of the die cavity, and the third electric push rods are located on both sides of the second electric push rod;

[0033] A thimble is fixed on the elongated rod of the third electric push rod, and the thimble extends into the die cavity and is flush with the bottom surface of the die cavity.

[0034] As a preferred mode of the present application, a staggered groove is formed on each of the four surfaces of the rectangular groove below the second meandering groove.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0036] 1.The aluminum alloy casting equipment, by synchronously moving the upper die holder and the lower die holder upwards, driving the piston disc at the bottom of the lower die holder to move upwards, forming negative pressure at the bottom of the lower die holder, sucking the gas in the gas chamber through the conduit, and the gas chamber being in communication with the space between the punch and the cavity through the long groove and the continuous movement of the channel along the long groove, realizing continuous suction of the cavity and the associated spaces such as the first return groove and the channel; at the same time, the negative pressure sensor monitors the negative pressure state in the gas chamber in real time, ensures that the cavity is accurately sucked to a stable negative pressure environment, and eliminates the hidden danger of air retention caused by cavity sealing after clamping in traditional casting; avoids the formation of pores in the process of cooling the workpiece; at the same time, by pouring excess molten metal into the hemispherical pouring groove and using the external atmospheric pressure to press the molten metal smoothly into the cavity, the molten metal turbulence and splashing caused by excessive flow rate or unreasonable design of the pouring system in traditional pouring are avoided, and the possibility of air being wrapped is fundamentally reduced.

[0037] 2.The aluminum alloy casting equipment, by tightly fitting the female die chamber and the first return groove, forming a complete cavity between the female die chamber and the male die at this time, physically blocking the edge gap of the fitting surface of the upper die holder and the lower die holder, thereby avoiding the formation of burrs at the gap due to the existence of the gap between the upper die holder and the lower die holder; at the same time, since the outer contours of the upper die holder and the lower die holder are designed as cylindrical shapes and are slidably connected with the inner part of the guide cylinder, during the clamping and synchronous movement process, the inner wall of the guide cylinder forms a full-range radial constraint on the upper die holder and the lower die holder, ensuring that the upper die holder always moves downward along the central axis of the guide cylinder, and avoiding the displacement and misplacement of the die holder caused by the lack of guide structure or insufficient precision in traditional molds, thereby fundamentally eliminating the problem of burr formation caused by misplacement.

[0038] 3.The aluminum alloy casting equipment, since the diameter of the first hydraulic cylinder extension rod is smaller than the diameter of the circular groove, and there is a distance between the circular ring and the n-shaped frame, when the upper die holder enters the inner part of the guide cylinder, it can be ensured that the upper die holder is not fixed by the first hydraulic cylinder, under the constraint of the guide cylinder, the position of the upper die holder can be adjusted through the gap between the circular groove and the first hydraulic cylinder, and through the distance between the circular ring and the n-shaped frame, thereby avoiding the upper die holder being fixed on the first hydraulic cylinder, if the upper die holder and the lower die holder are misaligned, when the upper die holder enters the guide cylinder, not only the friction force on the guide cylinder will be increased, but also the position of the upper die holder can be adjusted by the constraint of the guide cylinder, so that the upper die holder can move downward along the central axis of the guide cylinder, avoiding misalignment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the whole casting equipment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 2is the internal structure diagram of the guide cylinder in the application;

[0042] Figure 3 is the structure diagram of the upper die holder and the lower die holder in the application;

[0043] Figure 4 is the internal structure diagram of the lower die holder in the application;

[0044] Figure 5 is the top view of the casting equipment in the application;

[0045] Figure 6 is the A-A sectional view of the upper die holder and the lower die holder in the application Figure 5 when the mold is closed;

[0046] Figure 7 is the B partial enlarged view in the application Figure 6 ;

[0047] Figure 8 is the C partial enlarged view in the application Figure 7 ;

[0048] Figure 9 is the A-A sectional view of the upper die holder and the lower die holder in the application Figure 5 when pouring;

[0049] Figure 10 is the D partial enlarged view in the application Figure 9 ;

[0050] Figure 11 is the A-A sectional view of the upper die holder and the lower die holder in the application Figure 5 when cooling;

[0051] Figure 12 is the E partial enlarged view in the application Figure 11 .

[0052] In the figure: 1, upper die holder; 11, first hydraulic cylinder; 12, male die; 13, first back-shaped groove; 14, channel; 15, pouring groove; 16, pouring port; 17, ceramic rod; 171, square groove; 18, first electric push rod; 19, sealing plate; 2, lower die holder; 21, second hydraulic cylinder; 22, rectangular groove; 221, through hole; 23, female die bin; 24, second electric push rod; 25, back-shaped missing groove; 3, guide cylinder; 31, long groove; 32, air bin; 33, guide pipe; 34, air hole; 4, n-shaped frame; 41, circular groove; 42, circular ring; 5, second back-shaped groove; 51, air groove; 52, air pipe; 53, first air hole; 54, back-shaped plate; 55, back-shaped frame; 56, second air hole; 6, third electric push rod; 61, thimble; 62, staggered groove; 63, workpiece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to make the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects of the present application easy to understand, the following will further describe the present application in combination with specific embodiments.

[0054] As shown in Figures 1 to 12 The present application discloses an aluminum alloy casting equipment, which comprises an upper die holder 1 and a lower die holder 2; the upper die holder 1 is provided with a first hydraulic cylinder 11 at the top; the lower die holder 2 is provided with a second hydraulic cylinder 21 at the bottom; the upper die holder 1 is provided with a male die 12 at the bottom;

[0055] The male die 12 is provided with a first meandering groove 13 at the outer circle; the first meandering groove 13 is provided with a channel 14 at each side;

[0056] The upper die holder 1 is provided with a pouring groove 15 at the top, and the pouring groove 15 is semispherical; the pouring groove 15 is provided with a pouring port 16 at the bottom; the pouring port 16 is provided with a ceramic rod 17, and the ceramic rod 17 is used for plugging the pouring port 16;

[0057] The ceramic rod 17 is fixed with a first electric push rod 18 at the top, and the other side of the first electric push rod 18 is installed on the top of the upper die holder 1 through a mounting bracket; four sealing plates 19 are fixed on the circumferential line of the top of the upper die holder 1;

[0058] The lower die holder 2 is provided with a rectangular groove 22 inside; the rectangular groove 22 is slidably provided with a female die bin 23, and the female die bin 23 is provided with a mold cavity; in the initial state, the top end face of the female die bin 23 is lower than the top end face of the lower die holder 2;

[0059] The female die bin 23 is opposite to the first meandering groove 13, and the wall thickness of the female die bin 23 is smaller than the groove width of the first meandering groove 13; the female die bin 23 is provided with a second electric push rod 24 at the bottom, and the other side of the second electric push rod 24 is installed at the groove bottom of the rectangular groove 22;

[0060] In this embodiment, it also comprises an auxiliary mechanism; the auxiliary mechanism comprises a guide cylinder 3, and the bottom of the guide cylinder 3 is closed and installed on the workbench;

[0061] The outer contour of the upper die holder 1 and the lower die holder 2 is cylindrical, and the upper die holder 1 and the lower die holder 2 are both slidably connected with the inside of the guide cylinder 3; the lower die holder 2 slides at the bottom of the guide cylinder 3 and is attached to the bottom of the guide cylinder 3, and the bottom of the lower die holder 2 is fixed with a piston disc; the upper die holder 1 is initially located at the top of the guide cylinder 3;

[0062] Long grooves 31 are provided at the outer circle of the guide cylinder 3 above the upper die holder 1, and the long grooves 31 correspond to the sealing plates 19 one by one; a plurality of air chambers 32 are fixed on the outer circle of the guide cylinder 3, and the long grooves 31 are located in the air chambers 32; a negative pressure sensor is installed in each air chamber 32;

[0063] Each of the air pockets 32 is fixed with a conduit 33, and the other side of the conduit 33 is in space communication with the bottom of the lower die seat 2; the side of the conduit 33 in space communication with the bottom of the lower die seat 2 is installed with a one-way valve; the bottom of the guide cylinder 3 is installed with an air hole 34, and the air hole 34 is installed with a one-way valve.

[0064] During casting, first, the first electric push rod 18 is controlled to retract, and the retracted first electric push rod 18 drives the ceramic rod 17 to move upwards, and the upwardly moving ceramic rod 17 no longer blocks the pouring gate 16; then the first hydraulic cylinder 11 is controlled to extend, and the extended first hydraulic cylinder 11 drives the upper die seat 1 to gradually move downwards, the downwardly moving upper die seat 1 gradually extends into the guide cylinder 3 and slides downwards along the inside of the guide cylinder 3, and simultaneously drives the sealing plate 19, the punch 12, the ceramic rod 17 and the first electric push rod 18 to move downwards; the sliding downwards upper die seat 1 gradually approaches the lower die seat 2 at the bottom of the guide cylinder 3, and in the process of moving downwards, the upper die seat 1 extrudes the gas below the upper die seat 1, and the extruded gas passes through the inside of the pouring gate 16 and is gradually discharged; when the upper die seat 1 is attached to the lower die seat 2, the punch 12 extends into the cavity, and the sealing plate 19 blocks the part of the long groove 31 above the upper die seat 1; because the top end surface of the concave die pocket 23 is lower than the top end surface of the lower die seat 2 in the initial state, the first return groove 13 is in space communication with the space above the concave die pocket 23, and the cavity in the concave die pocket 23 is also in communication with the first return groove 13;

[0065] Specifically, the first hydraulic cylinder 18 is controlled to extend, thus pushing the ceramic rod 17 to seal the pouring gate 16 again; then the second hydraulic cylinder 21 is controlled to extend, and the first hydraulic cylinder 11 is controlled to retract at the same time. The extending second hydraulic cylinder 21 pushes the lower die seat 2 to move upwards in the guide cylinder 3, and the retracting first hydraulic cylinder 11 pulls the upper die seat 1 to move upwards, so that the upper die seat 1 and the lower die seat 2 move upwards at the same time, and the channel 14 moves upwards along the long slot 31 at the same time. In the process of moving upwards of the lower die seat 2, the bottom piston plate is pushed to move upwards, so that the piston plate moving upwards sucks the gas at the bottom of the lower die seat 2. Since the gas chamber 32 is communicated with the space at the bottom of the lower die seat 2 through the conduit 33, the gas in the gas chamber 32 is sucked through the conduit 33 in the process of the piston plate sucking the gas. Since the gas chamber 32 is communicated with the space between the punch 12 and the mold cavity through the long slot 31, the gas between the punch 12 and the mold cavity can be sucked. Since the channel 14 moves upwards along the long slot 31, and the sealing plate 19 always seals the part of the long slot 31 above the upper die seat 1, and since the piston plate always moves upwards with the lower die seat 2, the channel 14 continuously sucks the gas between the punch 12 and the mold cavity in the process of moving upwards along the long slot 31. With the gradual upward movement of the upper die seat 1 and the lower die seat 2, the space between the punch 12 and the mold cavity can be gradually sucked to a negative pressure state, which is monitored by the negative pressure sensor in the gas chamber 32. With the gradual upward movement of the upper die seat 1 and the lower die seat 2, the lower die seat 2 gradually seals the long slot 31. When the top of the lower die seat 2 moves to the top of the long slot 31, the lower die seat 2 completely seals the long slot 31, and the upper die seat 1 and the lower die seat 2 stop moving. At this time, the space between the punch 12 and the mold cavity, and the space in the first return slot 13 and the through slot are all in a negative pressure state. Then the casting can be carried out.

[0066] More specifically, when casting, the second electric push rod 24 is controlled to extend, and the extended second electric push rod 24 pushes the concave die chamber 23 to move upwards. The upwardly moving concave die chamber 23 gradually extends into the first back-shaped groove 13 and is attached to the first back-shaped groove 13. At this time, the space between the convex die 12 and the die cavity is the casting cavity, and the inside of the cavity is in a negative pressure state. The concave die chamber 23 moving into the first back-shaped groove 13 can block the gap between the upper die seat 1 and the lower die seat 2, so that the die cavity is directly in contact with the molten metal to be poured. Then, the molten aluminum alloy is poured into the pouring groove 15, and the amount of molten metal poured into the pouring groove 15 is greater than the amount of molten metal required to form the aluminum alloy workpiece. Then, the first electric push rod 18 is controlled to drive the ceramic rod 17 to move upwards. The upwardly moving ceramic rod 17 no longer blocks the pouring opening 16, so the molten metal in the pouring groove 15 is pressed into the cavity by the external atmospheric pressure, and the molten metal gradually fills the cavity. Since the amount of molten metal poured into the pouring groove 15 is greater than the amount of molten metal required to form the aluminum alloy workpiece, part of the molten metal remains in the pouring groove 15 after the cavity is filled with molten metal. During this process, only the solution can be pressed into the cavity by atmospheric pressure, and external gas can be prevented from entering the cavity. Then, the molten metal is formed;

[0067] Further, after the molten metal is formed into a workpiece 63, the upper die seat 1 is controlled to move upwards, away from the lower die seat 2. Then, the formed workpiece 63 can be removed. After the workpiece 63 is removed, the lower die seat 2 is controlled to move downwards to return to the initial state, driving the piston disc to move downwards and pushing the gas below the piston disc. Since the side of the conduit 33 in communication with the space at the bottom of the lower die seat 2 is provided with a one-way valve, and the air hole 34 is provided with a one-way valve, the compressed gas cannot enter the conduit 33, but can only be discharged to the outside from the air hole 34. Then, the casting work can be repeated again.

[0068] In summary, by synchronously moving the upper die seat 1 and the lower die seat 2 upwards, the piston disc at the bottom of the lower die seat 2 is moved upwards, forming a negative pressure at the bottom of the lower die seat 2. The gas in the air chamber 32 is sucked through the conduit 33, and the air chamber 32 is in communication with the space between the convex die 12 and the die cavity through the long groove 31. In combination with the continuous movement of the channel 14 along the long groove 31, the cavity and the associated spaces such as the first back-shaped groove 13 and the channel 14 are continuously sucked. At the same time, the negative pressure sensor monitors the negative pressure state in the air chamber 32 in real time, ensuring that the cavity is accurately extracted to a stable negative pressure environment, and eliminating the hidden danger of air retention caused by sealing of the cavity after traditional molding. The workpiece 63 is prevented from forming air holes 34 during cooling. At the same time, by pouring excess molten metal into the hemispherical pouring groove 15 and using external atmospheric pressure to smoothly press the molten metal into the cavity, the molten metal turbulence and splashing caused by excessive flow rate or unreasonable design of the pouring system in traditional pouring are avoided, and the possibility of air being wrapped is fundamentally reduced.

[0069] Meanwhile, by tightly fitting the concave die bin 23 with the first backshaped groove 13, the concave die bin 23 and the male die 12 form a complete cavity at this time, thereby physically blocking the edge gap of the fitting surface of the upper die holder 1 and the lower die holder 2, so as to avoid the burr formed at the gap due to the gap between the upper die holder 1 and the lower die holder 2; meanwhile, since the outer contour of the upper die holder 1 and the lower die holder 2 is designed as a cylindrical shape and is connected with the inner part of the guide cylinder 3 in a sliding mode, during the clamping and synchronous movement, the inner wall of the guide cylinder 3 forms a full-range radial constraint on the upper die holder 1 and the lower die holder 2, so as to ensure that the upper die holder 1 always moves downward along the central axis of the guide cylinder 3, thereby avoiding the displacement and misplacement of the die holder due to the lack of guiding structure or insufficient precision in the traditional die, and fundamentally eliminating the problem of burr formed due to the gap caused by misplacement.

[0070] As an embodiment of the present application, the upper die holder 1 is provided with two n-shaped frames 4 on the top;

[0071] The n-shaped frame 4 is provided with a circular groove 41 on the top, the elongated rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 11 passes through the circular groove 41 and extends into the n-shaped frame 4, and the diameter of the elongated rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 11 is smaller than the diameter of the circular groove 41;

[0072] The elongated rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 11 is fixed with a circular ring 42 on one side of the circular groove 41, and a distance is left between the circular ring 42 and the n-shaped frame 4;

[0073] In this embodiment, the circular ring 42 is fixed with a spring on the bottom, and the other side of the spring is fixed on the surface of the upper die holder 1;

[0074] The elongated rod of the first hydraulic cylinder 11 below the circular ring 42 is located in the inner ring of the spring;

[0075] In this embodiment, the top of the guide cylinder 3 is designed with a rounded corner.

[0076] When the first hydraulic cylinder 11 is elongated, the upper die holder 1 is pulled downward by the circular ring 42 and the n-shaped frame 4, and when the upper die holder 1 enters the inner part of the guide cylinder 3, the upper die holder 1 can be guided due to the rounded corner design of the top of the guide cylinder 3, so that the upper die holder 1 can enter the guide cylinder 3 more easily;

[0077] Specifically, when the upper die seat 1 enters the guide cylinder 3, since the diameter of the first hydraulic cylinder 11 is smaller than the diameter of the circular groove 41, and the distance between the circular ring 42 and the n-shaped frame 4, the position of the upper die seat 1 can be adjusted through the gap between the circular groove 41 and the first hydraulic cylinder 11, and the distance between the circular ring 42 and the n-shaped frame 4, so that the upper die seat 1 is not fixed on the first hydraulic cylinder 11, and the upper die seat 1 can be lowered along the central axis of the guide cylinder 3 to avoid misalignment when the upper die seat 1 and the lower die seat 2 are misaligned.

[0078] More specifically, when the upper die seat 1 and the lower die seat 2 are attached, the first hydraulic cylinder 11 will continue to extend and gradually lower the circular ring 42, which will compress the spring at the bottom, so the spring will gradually press the upper die seat 1, and when the first hydraulic cylinder 11 is located below the circular ring 42 and the top of the upper die seat 1 is attached, the upper die seat 1 will be pressed again based on the pressure exerted by the spring, thereby increasing the locking force of the upper die seat 1 and the lower die seat 2, thereby avoiding insufficient locking force of the upper die seat 1 and the lower die seat 2, and preventing the solution from moving out and forming burrs.

[0079] As an embodiment of the present application, a square groove 171 is formed on one side of the ceramic rod 17 extending into the pouring gate 16.

[0080] Since the square groove 171 is formed on one side of the ceramic rod 17 extending into the pouring gate 16, when the ceramic rod 17 is controlled to move upward, the square groove 171 will gradually move above the pouring gate 16, and then the molten liquid will enter the square groove 171, and then enter the cavity through the pouring gate 16. By controlling the upward movement of the ceramic rod 17 to different heights, the square groove 171 can be adjusted to different heights above the pouring gate 16, thereby adjusting the speed of the molten liquid entering the pouring gate 16.

[0081] As an embodiment of the present application, a concave die bin 23 is provided with a back-shaped slot 25, and the back-shaped slot 25 penetrates the bottom of the concave die bin 23, and the top of the back-shaped slot 25 is spaced apart from the upper surface of the concave die bin 23.

[0082] The outer circle of the rectangular groove 22 is located in the inner wall of the lower die seat 2 and is provided with a second meandering groove 5, and the top of the second meandering groove 5 is provided with uniformly arranged air grooves 51, and the air grooves 51 correspond to the four channels 14 one by one; a one-way valve is installed in each air groove 51;

[0083] A gas pipe 52 is installed at the top of each air chamber 32, and the gas pipe 52 is in communication with the cooling gas outside;

[0084] The four surfaces of the second meandering groove 5 towards the rectangular groove 22 are provided with uniformly arranged first air holes 53;

[0085] The bottom of the rectangular groove 22 is provided with a through hole 221, and a one-way valve is installed in the through hole 221, and the second meandering groove 5 is provided with a meandering plate 54;

[0086] The bottom of the meandering plate 54 is fixed with a meandering frame 55, and the meandering frame 55 is attached to the second meandering groove 5; the meandering frame 55 is fixed with uniformly arranged springs at the bottom, and the other side of the spring is fixed at the bottom of the second meandering groove 5;

[0087] The meandering plate 54 is provided with uniformly arranged second air holes 56, and the second air holes 56 are staggered with the first air holes 53 in the initial state.

[0088] When the upper die seat 1 and the lower die seat 2 after clamping move to the top of the long groove 31, at this time the channels 14 are in communication with the corresponding gas pipes 52, when the workpiece 63 is poured and in the process of cooling, the cooling gas is introduced into the gas pipe 52, the gas will first enter the channel 14 through the gas pipe 52, then it will enter the first meandering groove 13, when the gas gradually fills the first meandering groove 13, it will enter the second meandering groove 5 through the multiple air grooves 51, as the gas in the second meandering groove 5 gradually increases, and the air pressure gradually increases, it will gradually push the meandering plate 54 and the meandering frame 55 to move downward, and compress the spring, the meandering plate 54 moving downward will drive the second air holes 56 to gradually coincide with the first air holes 53 at the same time, therefore the gas in the second meandering groove 5 will be sprayed out through the multiple second air holes 56 and the first air holes 53 at the same time, the sprayed gas will act on the surface of the concave die chamber 23, so as to cool the concave die chamber 23 and the workpiece 63 inside the concave die chamber 23, because the outer circle of the concave die chamber 23 is provided with a meandering missing groove 25, therefore the gas acting on the concave die chamber 23 will flow along the meandering missing groove 25, and gradually flow into the rectangular groove 22, because the through hole 221 at the bottom of the rectangular groove 22 is provided with a one-way valve, therefore the gas in the rectangular groove 22 will flow to the lower side of the upper die seat 1 through the one-way valve in the through hole 221, and because the air hole 34 at the bottom of the guide cylinder 3 is provided with a one-way valve, when the gas at the bottom of the lower die seat 2 gradually increases, the part of the gas will be discharged through the one-way valve in the air hole 34 at the bottom of the guide cylinder 3;

[0089] The gas in the second meandering groove 5 is sprayed out through the second air hole 56 and the first air hole 53 simultaneously, and acts on different positions of the outer surface of the concave die bin 23, so that the concave die bin 23 can be uniformly cooled, and the temperature difference of the workpiece 63 at different positions is reduced.

[0090] It should be noted that, since the one-way valve is installed in the air groove 51, when the air bin 32 is used to suck the gas, the one-way valve in the air groove 51 will close the air groove 51, so that the gas in the second meandering groove 5 will not be sucked out.

[0091] As an embodiment of the present application, the third electric push rod 6 is uniformly arranged at the bottom of the concave die bin 23, and the third electric push rod 6 is located on both sides of the second electric push rod 24.

[0092] The third electric push rod 6 is fixed with a thimble 61 on the elongated rod, and the thimble 61 extends into the concave die bin 23 and is flush with the bottom surface in the concave die bin 23.

[0093] The dislocation groove 62 is arranged on the four sides of the rectangular groove 22 below the second meandering groove 5.

[0094] When the workpiece 63 in the cavity is formed, the second electric push rod 24 is controlled to be retracted, and the third electric push rod 6 is controlled to be elongated. The second electric push rod 24 retraction drives the concave die bin 23 to move downward, and the third electric push rod 6 elongation drives the thimble 61 to move upward, so that the workpiece 63 is pushed out of the concave die bin 23 and is limited on the convex die 12. With the gradual downward movement of the concave die bin 23, the workpiece 63 is gradually moved out of the cavity. When the workpiece 63 is completely moved out of the concave die bin 23, the gas sprayed out through the first air hole 53 and the second air hole 56 directly acts on the surface of the workpiece 63, so as to accelerate the cooling speed of the workpiece 63 and improve the overall pouring efficiency.

[0095] More specifically, when the top of the concave die bin 23 moves downward to below the dislocation groove 62, the gas acting on the workpiece 63 enters the part of the dislocation groove 62 above the concave die bin 23, and then flows downward along the dislocation groove 62 and flows to below the concave die bin 23, and then flows out through the one-way valve in the through hole 221. In this process, the workpiece 63 can be directly cooled, and the process of affecting the gas flow can be avoided.

[0096] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the drawings. Figure 1The shown orientation or positional relationship is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0097] The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited by the above examples, and the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An aluminum alloy casting equipment, comprising an upper die holder (1) and a lower die holder (2); the upper die holder (1) is provided with a first hydraulic cylinder (11) on the top; the lower die holder (2) is provided with a second hydraulic cylinder (21) on the bottom; the upper die holder (1) is provided with a male die (12) on the bottom; characterized in that a first meandering groove (13) is formed on the outer circle of the male die (12); the four sides of the first meandering groove (13) are provided with passages (14); a pouring groove (15) is formed on the top of the upper die holder (1), and the pouring groove (15) is semispherical; a pouring opening (16) is formed on the bottom of the pouring groove (15); a ceramic rod (17) is arranged in the pouring opening (16), and the ceramic rod (17) is used for plugging the pouring opening (16); a first electric push rod (18) is fixed on the top of the ceramic rod (17), and the other side of the first electric push rod (18) is installed on the top of the upper die holder (1) through a mounting bracket; four sealing plates (19) are fixed on the circumferential line of the top of the upper die holder (1); a rectangular groove (22) is formed in the lower die holder (2); a female die bin (23) is slidably arranged in the rectangular groove (22), and a mold cavity is arranged in the female die bin (23); in the initial state, the top end face of the female die bin (23) is lower than the top end face of the lower die holder (2); the female die bin (23) is opposite to the first meandering groove (13), and the wall thickness of the female die bin (23) is smaller than the groove width of the first meandering groove (13); a second electric push rod (24) is installed on the bottom of the female die bin (23), and the other side of the second electric push rod (24) is installed on the groove bottom of the rectangular groove (22); it further comprises an auxiliary mechanism, the auxiliary mechanism comprises a guide cylinder (3), the bottom of the guide cylinder (3) is closed and installed on a workbench; the outer contour of the upper die holder (1) and the lower die holder (2) is cylindrical, and the upper die holder (1) and the lower die holder (2) are both slidably connected with the inside of the guide cylinder (3); the lower die holder (2) slides on the bottom of the guide cylinder (3) and is attached to the bottom of the guide cylinder (3), and a piston disc is fixed on the bottom of the lower die holder (2); the upper die holder (1) is initially located on the top of the guide cylinder (3); long grooves (31) are formed on the outer circle of the guide cylinder (3) above the upper die holder (1), and the long grooves (31) correspond to the sealing plates (19) one by one; a plurality of air chambers (32) are fixed on the outer circle of the guide cylinder (3), and the long grooves (31) are located in the air chambers (32); a negative pressure sensor is installed in each air chamber (32); a guide pipe (33) is fixed on the bottom of each air chamber (32), and the other side of the guide pipe (33) is in space communication with the bottom of the lower die holder (2); a one-way valve is installed on the side of the guide pipe (33) in space communication with the bottom of the lower die holder (2); an air hole (34) is installed on the bottom of the guide cylinder (3), and a one-way valve is installed in the air hole (34).

2. The aluminum alloy casting equipment of claim 1, characterized by: two n-shaped frames (4) are installed on the top of the upper die holder (1); a circular groove (41) is formed on the top of the n-shaped frame (4); the elongated rod of the first hydraulic cylinder (11) passes through the circular groove (41) and extends into the n-shaped frame (4), and the diameter of the elongated rod of the first hydraulic cylinder (11) is smaller than the diameter of the circular groove (41); The elongated rod of the first hydraulic cylinder (11) is fixed with a circular ring (42) through one side of the circular groove (41), and the circular ring (42) is spaced from the n-shaped frame (4).

3. The aluminum alloy casting equipment of claim 2, characterized by: The bottom of the circular ring (42) is fixed with a spring, and the other side of the spring is fixed on the surface of the upper die holder (1); the elongated rod of the first hydraulic cylinder (11) below the circular ring (42) is located in the inner ring of the spring.

4. The aluminum alloy casting equipment of claim 1, wherein: The top of the guide cylinder (3) is designed with a rounded corner.

5. The aluminum alloy casting apparatus of claim 1, wherein: The ceramic rod (17) is provided with a square groove (171) on one side extending into the pouring gate (16).

6. The aluminum alloy casting equipment of claim 1, wherein: The outer ring of the concave die chamber (23) is provided with a meandering missing groove (25), the meandering missing groove (25) penetrates the bottom of the concave die chamber (23), and the groove top of the meandering missing groove (25) is spaced from the upper surface of the concave die chamber (23); The outer ring of the rectangular groove (22) is provided with a second meandering groove (5) in the inner wall of the lower die holder (2), and the top of the second meandering groove (5) is provided with uniformly arranged air grooves (51), and the air grooves (51) are one-to-one corresponding to the four channels (14); the air grooves (51) are all installed with one-way valves; Each air chamber (32) is provided with an air pipe (52) at the top, and the air pipe (52) is in communication with the external cooling gas; The four surfaces of the second meandering groove (5) facing the rectangular groove (22) are provided with uniformly arranged first air holes (53); The bottom of the rectangular groove (22) is provided with a through hole (221), and a one-way valve is installed in the through hole (221).

7. The aluminum alloy casting apparatus of claim 6, wherein: The second meandering groove (5) is provided with a meandering plate (54); The bottom of the meandering plate (54) is fixed with a meandering frame (55), and the meandering frame (55) is attached to the second meandering groove (5); the bottom of the meandering frame (55) is fixed with uniformly arranged springs, and the other side of the spring is fixed at the groove bottom position of the second meandering groove (5); The meandering plate (54) is provided with uniformly arranged second air holes (56), and the second air holes (56) are staggered with the first air holes (53) in the initial state.

8. The aluminum alloy casting apparatus of claim 7, wherein: The bottom of the concave die chamber (23) is provided with uniformly arranged third electric push rods (6), and the third electric push rods (6) are located on both sides of the second electric push rod (24); The elongated rod of the third electric push rod (6) is fixed with a thimble (61), and the thimble (61) extends into the concave die chamber (23) and is flush with the bottom surface inside the concave die chamber (23).

9. The aluminum alloy casting apparatus of claim 8, wherein: The four surfaces of the rectangular groove (22) below the second meandering groove (5) are all provided with misaligned grooves (62).

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