A variable capacity device for electric vehicles and a battery management control method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of electric vehicle technology, and particularly to a variable capacity device for electric vehicles and a battery management control method. The variable capacity device includes a battery management controller and a battery mounting housing. At least one fixed battery module and several variable battery modules are disposed within the battery mounting housing. The fixed battery modules are installed within the battery mounting housing, and the variable battery modules are circumferentially distributed within an annular limiting cavity within the battery mounting housing. The annular limiting cavity is equipped with a reinforcement mechanism and an adjustment and movement mechanism. Electric sealing doors are provided on both sides of the annular limiting cavity. The invention also discloses a battery management control method based on the above device, which allows for the adjustment of the electric vehicle's power battery capacity according to actual needs, facilitating use in different operating environments, and offering convenient, quick, and safe operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electric vehicle technology, and in particular to an electric vehicle variable capacity device and a battery management control method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy sources, electric vehicles are becoming increasingly common. However, as usage time increases, problems with electric vehicles are becoming more prominent, primarily battery and charging issues. To improve energy conversion efficiency, some regions use battery swapping to quickly obtain sufficient power. However, this method involves swapping the entire battery and cannot be adjusted according to actual needs. Existing detachable battery packs are designed for convenient charging, but they cannot be adjusted for different mileage requirements and weather conditions, making them unsuitable for various operating conditions.

[0003] A search revealed that patent CN116811603A discloses an extended high-voltage battery pack for electric vehicles. This extended high-voltage battery pack can be quickly replaced and can provide additional range for pure electric vehicles. However, when the range requirement is low, the battery capacity cannot be further adjusted. In addition, placing the battery pack in the trunk results in poor safety. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a variable capacity device for electric vehicles and a battery management and control method to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a variable capacity device for electric vehicles, including a battery management controller and a battery fixing housing. At least one fixed battery module and several variable battery modules are disposed inside the battery fixing housing. The fixed battery modules are installed inside the battery fixing housing, and the variable battery modules are circumferentially distributed in an annular limiting cavity inside the battery fixing housing. A reinforcement mechanism and an adjustment and movement mechanism are disposed inside the annular limiting cavity, and electric sealing doors are disposed on both sides of the annular limiting cavity.

[0006] Preferably, the reinforcement mechanism includes a pressurizing air pump and an annular ventilation pipe connected to the pressurizing air pump. Several reinforcement airbags are installed inside the annular ventilation pipe. A pressure sensor is installed inside the annular ventilation pipe. An exhaust solenoid valve is installed on the annular ventilation pipe. The exhaust solenoid valve, the pressure sensor, and the pressurizing air pump are all electrically connected to the battery management controller.

[0007] Preferably, the adjustment and movement mechanism includes a rotary motor installed at the center of the annular limiting cavity, and a connecting electric push rod is provided on the output shaft of the rotary motor. Both the rotary motor and the connecting electric push rod are electrically connected to the battery management controller.

[0008] Preferably, a contact conductive connecting plate is provided at the top of the annular limiting cavity, and a plurality of contact electrodes are provided on one side of the contact conductive connecting plate; the contact conductive connecting plate is electrically connected to the battery management controller.

[0009] Preferably, a sealing cover is provided on the top of the battery mounting housing, and a cooling protection cavity is provided on the bottom of the battery mounting housing. The cooling protection cavity includes a fixed cooling section and a variable cooling section. A first cooling coil is provided in the fixed cooling section, and a plurality of second cooling coils are provided in the variable cooling section. The plurality of second cooling coils are connected to an annular connecting pipe through solenoid valves. Both the annular connecting pipe and the first cooling coils are connected to the electric vehicle cooling circulation system. The plurality of solenoid valves are electrically connected to the battery management controller.

[0010] Preferably, a guide ball is provided at the bottom of the variable battery module, the guide ball is located in the annular guide groove at the bottom of the annular limiting cavity, a handle is provided on the outside of the variable battery module, and a connection slot is provided on the inside of the variable battery module, the connection slot is positioned opposite to the telescopic end of the connecting electric push rod;

[0011] A linkage fixing mechanism is provided on the inner side of the contact conductive connection plate. The linkage fixing mechanism includes a polygonal frame installed on the inner side of the contact conductive connection plate. Several rod mounting frames are distributed around the circumference of the polygonal frame. A linkage gear is installed in the middle of the mounting frame. A top-fixing rack meshes on the upper side of the linkage gear. The lower side of the linkage gear meshes with the drive rack connected to the electric push rod. Adjacent linkage gears are rotatably connected through universal joints.

[0012] The specific steps of the battery management control method based on the above-mentioned variable capacity device for electric vehicles are as follows:

[0013] Step S1: The driver inputs the trip level requirements into the vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller transmits the trip level requirements, environmental data, and driving habits data to the battery management controller.

[0014] Step S2: The battery management controller calculates the optimal electric vehicle capacity based on trip level requirements, environmental data, and driving habit data;

[0015] Step S3: Drive the electric vehicle variable capacity device according to the optimal electric vehicle capacity, open the electric sealing door, take out the excess variable battery modules, close the electric sealing door and readjust the distribution of the remaining variable battery modules.

[0016] Preferably, the trip levels include 100KM level, 200KM level, 300KM level and 500KM level;

[0017] Environmental data includes road condition data, temperature data, and load data;

[0018] Driving habit data includes the frequency and intensity of acceleration and braking.

[0019] Preferably, the formula for calculating the optimal electric vehicle capacity is as follows:

[0020]

[0021] in, For optimal electric vehicle capacity. This represents the basic energy consumption requirement corresponding to the travel level. This is a road condition correction factor. This is a temperature correction factor. This is the load correction factor. This is the driving habit correction factor, which is related to the frequency and intensity of acceleration and braking.

[0022] Preferably, the number of redundant variable battery modules is calculated based on the optimal electric vehicle capacity.

[0023] The process of removing excess variable battery modules is as follows:

[0024] Before opening the electric sealing door, open the exhaust solenoid valve to exhaust the reinforced airbag, causing several variable battery modules to descend and separate from the contact conductive connection plate, thus de-energizing the variable battery modules. After a set time, open the electric sealing door.

[0025] Based on the number of excess variable battery modules, the variable battery modules are moved sequentially to the electric sealing door by adjusting the moving mechanism, and the excess variable battery modules are pulled out.

[0026] After closing the electric sealing door, the remaining variable battery modules are moved by adjusting the moving mechanism to make the remaining variable battery modules evenly distributed around the circumference.

[0027] The process of moving the variable battery module is as follows:

[0028] The rotary motor adjusts the angle of the connecting electric push rod according to the position of the variable battery module to be moved. After reaching the position of the variable battery module to be moved, the electric push rod extends and inserts into the connecting slot. The rotary motor is started to move the variable battery module to be moved to the set position. After the electric push rod retracts a set distance, the rotary motor is started to move to the position of the next variable battery module to be moved. This continues until all the remaining variable battery modules have been moved to the set position. Then, the electric push rod retracts to the initial position. Several linkage gears simultaneously drive the top fixing rack to move outward until it contacts the variable battery module, thus fixing the horizontal position of several variable battery modules. The pressurized air pump is started until the pressure in the annular ventilation pipe reaches the set value, so that the remaining variable battery modules contact the contact conductive connection plate. At the same time, the variable battery modules are fixed in the vertical direction.

[0029] Therefore, the present invention adopts the above-mentioned electric vehicle capacity changing device and battery management control method, which has the following advantages: the capacity of the electric vehicle's power battery can be adjusted according to actual needs, which is convenient for use in different environments and is easy and quick to operate. All battery modules are set in a battery fixing shell with protection and cooling, which has high safety performance. The cooling position can be adjusted according to the usage of the battery modules.

[0030] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a variable capacity device for an electric vehicle according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fixed shell structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the fixed housing of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the variable battery module of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the variable battery module of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the contact conductive connection plate structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage and fixing mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of the linkage and fixing mechanism of the present invention.

[0039] Figure Labels

[0040] 1. Battery management controller; 2. Battery mounting housing; 21. Annular limiting cavity; 22. Electric sealing door; 23. Sealing cover; 24. Cooling and protective cavity; 25. First cooling coil; 26. Second cooling coil; 27. Annular connecting pipe; 28. Annular guide groove; 3. Fixed battery module; 4. Variable battery module; 41. Guide ball; 42. Handle; 43. Connecting slot; 5. Reinforcing mechanism; 51. Annular venting pipe; 52. Reinforcing airbag; 6. Adjusting and moving mechanism; 61. Rotary motor; 62. Connecting electric push rod; 7. Contact conductive connecting plate; 71. Contact electrode; 8. Linkage fixing mechanism; 81. Polygonal frame; 82. Mounting frame; 83. Linkage gear; 84. Top-fixing rack; 85. Drive rack; 86. Universal joint. Detailed Implementation

[0041] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," and "connect" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, an electric vehicle variable capacity device includes a battery management controller 1 and a battery mounting housing 2.

[0044] Two symmetrically arranged fixed battery modules 3 are installed inside the battery mounting housing 2. The fixed battery modules 3 are fixed to provide a fixed electrical capacity for the electric vehicle. Several variable battery modules 4 are also installed inside the battery mounting housing 2. The variable battery modules 4 are circumferentially distributed in the annular limiting cavity 21 inside the battery mounting housing 2. The fixed battery modules 3 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the annular limiting cavity 21. The annular limiting cavity 21 is equipped with a reinforcing mechanism 5 and an adjusting and moving mechanism 6. Electric sealing doors 22 are provided on both sides of the annular limiting cavity 21.

[0045] like Figure 2-3 As shown, a sealing cover 23 is provided on the top of the battery mounting housing 2, and a cooling protection cavity 24 is provided at the bottom of the battery mounting housing 2. The cooling protection cavity 24 includes a fixed cooling section and a variable cooling section. A first cooling coil 25 is provided in the fixed cooling section, and a plurality of circumferential second cooling coils 26 are provided in the variable cooling section. The plurality of second cooling coils 26 are connected to an annular connecting pipe 27 through solenoid valves. Both the annular connecting pipe 27 and the first cooling coils 25 are connected to the electric vehicle cooling circulation system. The plurality of solenoid valves are electrically connected to the battery management controller 1, and the corresponding second cooling coils 26 are activated according to the actual distribution of the variable battery modules 4. At the same time, in order to improve the protection performance, a metal protective plate is provided at the bottom of the cooling protection cavity 24.

[0046] The reinforcement mechanism 5 includes a pressurizing air pump (not shown in the figure, which can be arranged inside the battery vehicle body according to the actual situation) and an annular ventilation pipe 51 connected to the pressurizing air pump. Several reinforcement airbags 52 are installed inside the annular ventilation pipe 51. A pressure sensor is installed inside the annular ventilation pipe 51. An exhaust solenoid valve is installed on the annular ventilation pipe 51. The exhaust solenoid valve, pressure sensor and pressurizing air pump are all electrically connected to the battery management controller 1. The pressure value of the pressure sensor is fed back in real time. During exhaust and inflation, an appropriate speed is maintained so that the variable battery module 4 descends and rises slowly to avoid violent impact or excessive pressure.

[0047] To facilitate the removal and adjustment of the distribution of the variable battery modules 4, an adjustment and moving mechanism 6 is provided. The adjustment and moving mechanism 6 includes a rotary motor 61 installed at the center of the annular limiting cavity 21. A connecting electric push rod 62 is mounted on the output shaft of the rotary motor 61. Both the rotary motor 61 and the connecting electric push rod 62 are electrically connected to the battery management controller 1. Figures 4-5 As shown, a guide ball 41 is provided at the bottom of the variable battery module 4. The guide ball 41 is located in the annular guide groove 28 at the bottom of the annular limiting cavity 21 to reduce friction during movement. A handle 42 is provided on the outside of the variable battery module 4, and a connecting slot 43 is provided on the inside of the variable battery module 4. The connecting slot 43 is positioned opposite to the telescopic end of the connecting electric push rod 62 to realize the insertion of the connecting electric push rod 62 and the corresponding variable battery module 4.

[0048] The top of the annular limiting cavity 21 is provided with a contact conductive connecting plate 7, such as Figure 6 As shown, a plurality of contact electrodes 71 are arranged in a circular pattern on one side of the contact conductive connection plate 7. The contact conductive connection plate 7 is electrically connected to the battery management controller 1 to realize the electrical connection between the variable battery module 4 and the contact conductive connection plate 7, as well as the output control of the variable battery module 4.

[0049] To further secure the variable battery module 4 during use, a linkage fixing mechanism 8 is provided on the inner side of the contact conductive connection plate 7, such as... Figures 7-8 As shown, the linkage fixing mechanism 8 includes a polygonal frame 81 installed inside the contact conductive connecting plate 7. Several rod mounting frames 82 are distributed circumferentially on the polygonal frame 81. A linkage gear 83 is installed in the center of each mounting frame 82. A top-fixing rack 84 meshes with the upper side of the linkage gear 83, and the lower side of the linkage gear 83 meshes with a drive rack 85 connected to the electric push rod 62. Adjacent linkage gears 83 are rotatably connected via a universal joint 86. This allows the top-fixing racks 84 to move synchronously outward or inward in multiple directions, achieving the fixing and release of multiple variable battery modules 4. To accommodate the top-fixing racks 84, the inner side of each variable battery module 4 is arc-shaped, ensuring that the distance between the variable battery module 4 and the top-fixing rack 84 is equal at different positions. Furthermore, to improve safety, anti-collision corner guards are provided at the four corners of each variable battery module 4.

[0050] The specific steps of the battery management control method based on the above-mentioned variable capacity device for electric vehicles are as follows:

[0051] Step S1: The driver inputs the trip level requirement into the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller then transmits the trip level requirement, environmental data, and driving habits data to the battery management controller. Trip levels include 100km, 200km, 300km, and 500km levels, which can be set and adjusted according to the actual requirements of the electric vehicle.

[0052] Environmental data includes road condition data, temperature data, and load data. Road condition data and load data can be obtained from the user's frequently used routes or directly input. Temperature data is acquired from real-time onboard temperature sensors.

[0053] When initially used, the driving habit data can be set initially. During the driving process of the electric vehicle, the data is recorded to obtain driving habit data, which includes the frequency and intensity of acceleration and braking.

[0054] Step S2: The battery management controller calculates the optimal electric vehicle capacity based on trip level requirements, environmental data, and driving habit data.

[0055] The formula for calculating the optimal electric vehicle capacity is as follows:

[0056]

[0057] in, This represents the optimal capacity for electric vehicles.

[0058] This represents the basic energy consumption requirement corresponding to the travel level. ,in The benchmark energy consumption per 100 kilometers for electric vehicles is 15 kWh / 100km for ordinary sedans and 18 kWh / 100km for SUVs, depending on the vehicle type.

[0059] The road condition correction factor is 1.2-1.5 for congested road sections, 1.1-1.3 for highways, 0.9-1.1 for smooth urban roads, and 0.8-1.0 for rural roads. The distance can be calculated in segments according to the actual situation and then summed up.

[0060] The temperature correction factor is 1.3-1.6 for ultra-low temperature environments below -10 degrees Celsius, 1.1-1.3 for low temperature environments (-9-0 degrees Celsius), 1.1 for sub-low temperature environments (0-18 degrees Celsius), 1 for normal temperature environments (18-25 degrees Celsius), and 1.1-13 for high temperature environments (above 35 degrees Celsius).

[0061] The load correction factor is 1.2-1.4 for full load, 1.0-1.1 for half load, and 0.9-1.0 for no load.

[0062] This is the driving habit correction factor, which is related to the frequency and intensity of acceleration and braking. For aggressive driving (rapid acceleration > 30%, rapid braking > 20%), use 1.2-1.5; for moderate driving (rapid acceleration 10%~30%, rapid braking 5%~20%), use 1.0-1.2; and for stable driving (rapid acceleration < 10%, rapid braking < 5%), use 0.9-1.0.

[0063] Step S3: Drive the electric vehicle variable capacity device according to the optimal electric vehicle capacity, open the electric sealing door 22, take out the excess variable battery module 4, close the electric sealing door 22 and readjust the distribution of the remaining variable battery module 4.

[0064] The process of calculating the number of redundant variable battery modules 4 based on the optimal electric vehicle capacity and removing the redundant variable battery modules 4 is as follows:

[0065] Before opening the electric sealing door 22, open the exhaust solenoid valve to exhaust the airbag 52, causing several variable battery modules 4 to descend and separate from the contact conductive connection plate 7, thereby de-energizing the variable battery modules 4. After a set time, open the electric sealing door 22.

[0066] Based on the number of excess variable battery modules 4, the variable battery modules 4 are moved sequentially to the electric sealing door 22 by adjusting the moving mechanism 6, and the excess variable battery modules 4 are pulled out.

[0067] After closing the electric sealing door 22, the remaining variable battery module 4 is moved by adjusting the moving mechanism 6 so that the remaining variable battery module 4 is evenly distributed around the circumference.

[0068] The process of moving the variable battery module 4 is as follows:

[0069] The rotary motor 61 adjusts the angle of the connecting electric push rod 62 according to the position of the variable battery module 4 to be moved. After reaching the position of the variable battery module 4 to be moved, the electric push rod extends and inserts into the connecting slot 43. The rotary motor 61 is started to move the variable battery module 4 to the set position. After the electric push rod retracts a set distance, the rotary motor 61 is started to move to the next position of the variable battery module 4 to be moved. After all the remaining variable battery modules 4 have been moved to the set position, the electric push rod retracts to the initial position. Several linkage gears 83 simultaneously drive the top fixing rack 84 to move outward until it contacts the variable battery module 4, thereby fixing the horizontal position of several variable battery modules 4. The pressurized air pump is started until the pressure of the annular ventilation pipe 51 reaches the set value, so that the remaining variable battery modules 4 contact the contact conductive connecting plate 7. At the same time, the variable battery modules 4 are fixed in the vertical direction.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, and these modifications or equivalent substitutions cannot cause the modified technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electric vehicle battery variable capacity device comprising a battery management controller and a battery fixation housing, characterized in that: The battery fixing shell is internally provided with at least one fixed battery module and a plurality of variable battery modules. The fixed battery module is installed in the battery fixing shell, and the variable battery modules are circumferentially distributed in an annular limiting cavity in the battery fixing shell. A reinforcing mechanism and an adjusting and moving mechanism are arranged in the annular limiting cavity. Electric sealing doors are arranged on both sides of the annular limiting cavity. The reinforcing mechanism comprises a pressurized air pump and an annular air duct connected with the pressurized air pump. A plurality of reinforcing air bags are arranged in the annular air duct. A pressure sensor is arranged in the annular air duct. An exhaust electromagnetic valve is arranged on the annular air duct. The exhaust electromagnetic valve, the pressure sensor and the pressurized air pump are electrically connected with a battery management controller. The adjusting and moving mechanism comprises a rotating motor installed at the center of the annular limiting cavity. A connecting electric push rod is arranged on an output shaft of the rotating motor. The rotating motor and the connecting electric push rod are electrically connected with the battery management controller. A contact conductive connecting plate is arranged at the top of the annular limiting cavity. A plurality of contact electrodes are circumferentially arranged on one side of the contact conductive connecting plate. The contact conductive connecting plate is electrically connected with the battery management controller.

2. An electric vehicle variable capacity device according to claim 1, wherein: A sealing cover plate is arranged at the top of the battery fixing shell. A cooling protection cavity is arranged at the bottom of the battery fixing shell. The cooling protection cavity comprises a fixed cooling part and a variable cooling part. A first cooling coil is arranged in the fixed cooling part. A plurality of second cooling coils are circumferentially arranged in the variable cooling part. The plurality of second cooling coils are connected with an annular communication pipe through electromagnetic valves. The annular communication pipe and the first cooling coil are connected with an electric vehicle cooling circulation system. The plurality of electromagnetic valves are electrically connected with the battery management controller.

3. An electric vehicle variable capacity device according to claim 2, wherein: A guide rolling ball is arranged at the bottom of the variable battery module. The guide rolling ball is arranged in an annular guide groove at the bottom of the annular limiting cavity. A handle is arranged on the outer side of the variable battery module. A connecting slot is arranged on the inner side of the variable battery module. The connecting slot is oppositely arranged with the telescopic end of the connecting electric push rod. A linkage fixing mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the contact conductive connecting plate. The linkage fixing mechanism comprises a polygonal frame installed on the inner side of the contact conductive connecting plate. A plurality of installation frames are circumferentially arranged on the polygonal frame. A linkage gear is installed in the middle of the installation frame. A top fixing rack is engaged on the upper side of the linkage gear. The lower side of the linkage gear is engaged with a driving rack of the connecting electric push rod. Adjacent linkage gears are rotationally connected through universal joints.

4. The battery management control method of claim 3, wherein, The specific steps are as follows: Step S1: The driver inputs the travel level requirement into the vehicle controller. The vehicle controller transmits the travel level requirement, environmental data and driving habit data to the battery management controller. Step S2: The battery management controller calculates the optimal electric vehicle capacity according to the travel level requirement, environmental data and driving habit data. Step S3: The optimal electric vehicle capacity drives the electric vehicle variable capacity device. The electric sealing door is opened. The excess variable battery modules are taken out. After the electric sealing door is closed, the distribution of the remaining variable battery modules is adjusted. The number of excess variable battery modules is calculated according to the optimal electric vehicle capacity. The process of taking out the excess variable battery modules is as follows: Opening the exhaust electromagnetic valve before opening the electric sealing door, reinforcing the air bag exhaust, so that several variable battery modules are lowered, several variable battery modules are separated from the contact conductive connecting plate, the variable battery module is powered off, and the electric sealing door is opened after a set time; According to the number of excess variable battery modules, the variable battery modules are moved to the electric sealing door in turn by adjusting the moving mechanism, and the excess variable battery modules are pulled out; After closing the electric sealing door, the remaining variable battery modules are moved by adjusting the moving mechanism, so that the remaining variable battery modules are evenly distributed in the circumference; The process of moving the variable battery module is as follows: The rotating motor adjusts the angle of the connecting electric push rod according to the position of the variable battery module to be moved, the electric push rod is extended after reaching the position of the variable battery module to be moved, the electric push rod is inserted into the connecting slot, the rotating motor is started, the variable battery module to be moved is moved to the set position; After the electric push rod is retracted by a set distance, the rotating motor is started to move to the next variable battery module to be moved, until all the remaining variable battery modules are moved to the set position, the electric push rod is retracted to the initial position, several linkage gears drive the top fixed rack to move outward until it contacts the variable battery module, so as to fix the horizontal position of several variable battery modules, start the pressure gas pump until the pressure of the annular air pipe reaches a set value, so that the remaining variable battery modules contact the contact conductive connecting plate; At the same time, the vertical direction of the variable battery module is fixed.

5. The battery management control method based on the electric vehicle variable capacity device according to claim 4, characterized by: The travel level includes 100KM level, 200KM level, 300KM level and 500KM level; The environmental data includes road condition data, temperature data and load data; Driving habit data includes acceleration braking frequency and braking intensity.

6. The battery management control method based on the electric vehicle variable capacity device according to claim 5, characterized by: The formula for calculating the optimal electric vehicle capacity is as follows: wherein, is the optimal electric vehicle capacity, is the base energy consumption demand corresponding to the trip level, is the road condition correction coefficient, is the temperature correction coefficient, is the load correction coefficient, is the driving habit correction coefficient, which is related to the frequency and intensity of acceleration and braking.

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