Multistage tubular coagulation and fouling removal device

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of gathering pipeline descaling technology, and is a multi-stage tubular gathering and scaling descaling device, comprising a three-phase separator, a liquid blocking mechanism, a scaling and descaling device, a scaling assembly, a gas-liquid mixer and an oil balance mechanism. The present application has a reasonable and compact structure. When single-well produced liquid appears intermittent flow, excessive gas, continuous gas flow, continuous liquid flow, unstable gas-liquid, and high-low liquid and gas, the liquid blocking mechanism can prevent the mixture of liquid phase and gas phase from entering the gas-liquid mixer, and the oil balance mechanism can ensure the separation effect of oil phase and water phase in the liquid phase in the three-phase separator. The present application can separate the gas phase, oil phase and water phase in the produced liquid under various unstable conditions of single-well produced liquid, so that only the scaling ions in the water phase can be scaled, the gas phase and oil phase without scaling ions can be prevented from interfering with the scaling effect of the produced liquid, and the scaling effect of the produced liquid can be improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of scale removal technology of gathering pipelines, and is a multi-stage tubular scale gathering and removing device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of oil exploitation, especially in the water injection development stage, water scaling in oil-water wells and gathering pipelines has become a common problem in water injection blocks of oilfields. Water scaling is very harmful, and can occur in surface pipelines and wellbores, causing pipeline blockage and corrosion, limiting the normal use of pipelines, reducing the service life of pipelines, and greatly increasing the maintenance cost of oilfield pipelines. Scaling can also occur in the formation, causing near-wellbore blockage, reducing the permeability of the oil layer, and reducing the water absorption capacity of the well.

[0003] A Chinese patent document with publication number CN104209301A discloses a gathering pipeline rapid scale gathering and removing method and device. The gathering pipeline rapid scale gathering and removing device is composed of six three-way cylinders connected by stainless steel flange connection sheets to form one set of scale removing unit. The structure of the scale removing unit is that the right end of the first three-way cylinder is connected to the left end of the second three-way cylinder, the lower end of the first three-way cylinder is connected to the upper end of the third three-way cylinder, the right end of the second three-way cylinder is connected to the upper end of the sixth three-way cylinder, the lower end of the second three-way cylinder is connected to the upper end of the fourth three-way cylinder, the left end of the fourth three-way cylinder is connected to the right end of the third three-way cylinder, and the right end of the fourth three-way cylinder is connected to the upper end of the fifth three-way cylinder. A heating rod working cylinder is arranged in each upper and lower horizontal cylinder of each set of scale removing unit, and the heating rod working cylinder is wrapped with a screen outside. Four sets of scale removing units are connected by flange connection sheets to form a set of scale removing unit device. One end of a first control valve, a second control valve, and a third control valve is connected, the other end of the third control valve is connected to a first scale removing unit device, the other end of the first scale removing unit device is connected to a fourth control valve, one end of the fourth control valve, a fifth control valve, and a sixth control valve is connected, the other end of the sixth control valve is connected to a second scale removing unit device, the other end of the second scale removing unit device is connected to a seventh control valve, one end of the seventh control valve, an eighth control valve, and a ninth control valve is connected, the other end of the ninth control valve is connected to a third scale removing unit device, the other end of the third scale removing unit device is connected to a tenth control valve, one end of the tenth control valve, an eleventh control valve, and a twelfth control valve is connected, and the other ends of the second control valve, the fifth control valve, the eighth control valve, and the eleventh control valve are connected together.

[0004] The Chinese patent document with publication number CN216077069U discloses a quick gathering and scaling and fouling device for gathering pipeline of a gathering and transportation site, which comprises a base and an oil tank, the top surface of the base is fixed with a support column, the top surface of the support column is fixed with a control box, and the front surface of the control box is fixed with a control panel; the top of the oil tank is fixedly connected with an oil tank top plate, the top of the oil tank top plate is connected with an oil inlet, and the oil inlet penetrates through the top of the control box.

[0005] The Chinese patent document with publication number CN219220372U discloses a downhole scaling ion induced type reduced pretreater, which comprises a central pipe, an outer pipe is sleeved on the central pipe, and a plurality of induced scaling pieces are fixedly connected on the central pipe; the induced scaling piece is a hollow hemispherical structure, the surface is uniformly covered with small holes, the center of the induced scaling piece is provided with a through hole, and the central pipe is fixedly connected with the induced scaling piece through the through hole.

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the current descaling technology, the related research on scale prevention and removal is carried out, a gathering and transportation pipeline quick gathering and scaling and fouling removal method is proposed, and a special device is invented for point scaling and fouling removal. The device changes the conventional scale prevention and removal idea, artificially designs a scaling environment of the fluid, realizes the point gathering and scaling of the fluid in the special device, quickly removes the scale, and ensures that the subsequent process pipeline is not scaled. The technology is used in the field, certain scale removal effect is obtained, but there are still some problems. When the single well gas content is large, the flow rate is too large, the residence time of the liquid phase in the device is short, and the produced liquid water content changes will affect the scaling and descaling effect; the process manifold occupies many processes and a large ground area; the use of a large number of tees and crosses makes the equipment flange connection too much, the leakage points are too many, and the maintenance workload is too large. Therefore, a new process method and device are needed to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0007] The present application provides a multi-stage tubular gathering and scaling and fouling removal device, which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and effectively solves the problem that the existing scaling and fouling removal device is easily affected by unstable conditions of the produced liquid.

[0008] The technical scheme of the present application is realized by the following measures: a multi-stage tubular fouling gathering and removing device, comprising a three-phase separator, a liquid blocking mechanism, a fouling gathering and removing device, a fouling assembly, a gas-liquid mixer and an oil balance mechanism, the three-phase separator has a separation cavity with a large upper part and a small lower part inside, a liquid inlet communicated with the separation cavity is arranged on the outer side of the middle part of the three-phase separator, a liquid inlet pipe is fixedly communicated with the outer side of the three-phase separator corresponding to the position of the liquid inlet, the left part of the liquid inlet pipe is inclined upward relative to the right part, gas phase outlets, oil phase outlets and water phase outlets are distributed on the outer side of the three-phase separator from top to bottom at intervals, the liquid blocking mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the three-phase separator, the liquid blocking mechanism can prevent liquid from flowing out of the gas phase outlets, the fouling assembly is arranged inside the fouling gathering and removing device to gather scale ions on the surface after heating liquid, a water phase liquid inlet pipeline is fixedly communicated between the water phase outlet and the outer side of the lower part of the fouling gathering and removing device, a water phase liquid outlet pipeline is fixedly communicated between the outer side of the upper part of the fouling gathering and removing device and the water phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer, an oil phase connecting pipeline is fixedly communicated between the oil phase outlet and the oil phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer, a gas phase connecting pipeline is fixedly communicated between the gas phase outlet and the gas phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer, a liquid outlet pipeline is fixedly communicated with the lower outer side of the gas-liquid mixer, and the oil balance mechanism is arranged in the gas-liquid mixer, wherein the oil balance mechanism closes the oil phase inlet when the liquid surface is close to the water phase inlet, and the oil balance mechanism opens the oil phase inlet when the liquid surface is away from the water phase mechanism.

[0009] The following is a further optimization or / and improvement of the above technical scheme of the application:

[0010] The above oil balance mechanism can comprise a first lever, a first valve core and a first floating ball, a vertical balance pipe is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the gas-liquid mixer, the upper end of the balance pipe is fixedly communicated with the oil phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer, the first lever is hingedly installed on the inner side of the gas-liquid mixer, the first valve core capable of closing the lower end of the balance pipe after moving upward is fixedly installed on the left end of the first lever, the first floating ball is fixedly installed on the right end of the first lever, and the first floating ball moves downward when the liquid surface rises close to the lower end of the balance pipe.

[0011] The above first valve core can be a hollow spherical shape, and the weight of the first valve core is greater than the weight of the first floating ball.

[0012] The upper part of the separation cavity corresponding to the position above the oil phase outlet can be fixedly provided with a valve seat for separating the separation cavity into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, the valve seat is provided with a switch hole communicated between the upper chamber and the lower chamber, the liquid blocking mechanism comprises a second lever, a second floating ball and a second valve core, the second lever is hingedly installed in the upper chamber, the second valve core is installed on the left end of the second lever, and the second floating ball is installed on the right end of the second lever, the second valve core can open and close the switch hole after moving up and down, the second floating ball moves upward when the liquid surface in the upper chamber rises close to the gas phase outlet, and a connecting pipeline is fixedly communicated between the upper chamber and the outer side of the upper part of the fouling gathering and removing device.

[0013] The outer side of the three-phase separator at the position between the corresponding valve seat and the gas phase outlet is provided with a first communication hole in communication with the upper chamber, and the outer side of the upper part of the scale remover is provided with a second communication hole in communication between the inside and the outside.

[0014] The scale remover can include a first scale pipe, a second scale pipe and a third scale pipe arranged in parallel from top to bottom, and the left end of the first scale pipe, the left end of the second scale pipe and the left end of the third scale pipe are all detachably and fixedly installed with a cover plate, the second communication hole is arranged on the upper side of the right part of the first scale pipe, an upper connecting pipe is fixedly communicated between the lower side of the left part of the first scale pipe and the upper side of the left part of the second scale pipe, a lower connecting pipe is fixedly communicated between the lower side of the right part of the second scale pipe and the upper side of the left part of the third scale pipe, a water phase inlet pipe is fixedly communicated between the water phase outlet and the outer side of the left part of the third scale pipe, and a water phase outlet pipe is fixedly communicated between the outer side of the right part of the first scale pipe and the water phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer.

[0015] The scale formation assembly includes a first scale former, a second scale former and a third scale former, the left part of the first scale former is arranged in the first scale pipe, the right end of the first scale former and the right end of the first scale pipe are detachably and fixedly installed together, the left part of the second scale former is arranged in the second scale pipe, the right end of the second scale former and the right end of the second scale pipe are detachably and fixedly installed together, and the left part of the third scale former is arranged in the third scale pipe, and the right end of the third scale former and the right end of the third scale pipe are detachably and fixedly installed together.

[0016] The first scale former can include a sleeve, a fin and an electric heating rod, the sleeve is sleeved in the first scale pipe, the right end of the sleeve is fixedly installed with a connecting plate, the outer part of the connecting plate and the right end of the first scale pipe are detachably and fixedly installed together, the electric heating rod is sleeved in the sleeve, a plurality of fins are fixedly installed on the outer side of the sleeve along the length direction, a plurality of flow-through holes are distributed on the side of the fin along the circumference, and the second scale former and the third scale former have the same structure as the first scale former.

[0017] The inclination angle of the inlet pipe can be 45 to 75 degrees, and the outer side of the lower part of the three-phase separator is provided with a blowdown opening in communication between the inside and the outside.

[0018] The application has reasonable and compact structure, when the single well produced liquid pipeline is connected with the liquid inlet pipe, the single well produced liquid enters the three-phase separator to separate the oil, gas and water, and the incomplete descaling caused by unstable mixed state is avoided, under the action of centrifugal force, gravity and buoyancy, a reverse conical vortex field is formed in the separation chamber, the gas phase with small density rises to the top of the three-phase separator along the center of the vortex, the water phase with large density moves downward under the action of centrifugal force and is closer to the wall surface of the three-phase separator, and the oil phase with small density gathers to the center and moves upward, finally, the gas phase, the oil phase and the water phase are discharged from the gas phase outlet, the oil phase outlet and the water phase outlet of the three-phase separator respectively, then the water phase enters the scale gathering and descaling device to perform descaling work, and finally, the three phases enter the gas-liquid mixer through the water phase outlet pipeline, the oil phase connecting pipeline and the gas phase connecting pipeline for mixing.

[0019] The bottom of the three-phase separator is provided with a water phase outlet which is connected with the inlet of the scale gathering and descaling device, so that the water phase separated by the separation chamber can enter the scale gathering and descaling device for further treatment, the outlet of the scale gathering and descaling device is connected with the water phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer, so as to ensure that the descaled water phase enters the gas-liquid mixer, the middle and upper part of the three-phase separator is provided with an oil phase outlet which is connected with the oil phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer, so that the separated oil phase can be transported to the gas-liquid mixer, and the top of the three-phase separator is provided with a gas phase outlet, the liquid blocking mechanism can effectively prevent the liquid from mixing with the gas phase, and the gas phase outlet is connected with the gas phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer, so that the gas phase can also enter the gas-liquid mixer, through the above connection mode, a complete single well pipeline rapid descaling scale gathering device is successfully constructed, the cooperative work between the components is realized, and the scaling problem is efficiently solved.

[0020] The application has reasonable and compact structure, when the single well produced liquid pipeline is connected with the liquid inlet pipe, the single well produced liquid enters the three-phase separator to separate the oil, gas and water, and the incomplete descaling caused by unstable mixed state is avoided, under the action of centrifugal force, gravity and buoyancy, a reverse conical vortex field is formed in the separation chamber, the gas phase with small density rises to the top of the three-phase separator along the center of the vortex, the water phase with large density moves downward under the action of centrifugal force and is closer to the wall surface of the three-phase separator, and the oil phase with small density gathers to the center and moves upward, finally, the gas phase, the oil phase and the water phase are discharged from the gas phase outlet, the oil phase outlet and the water phase outlet of the three-phase separator respectively, then the water phase enters the scale gathering and descaling device to perform descaling work, and finally, the three phases enter the gas-liquid mixer through the water phase outlet pipeline, the oil phase connecting pipeline and the gas phase connecting pipeline for mixing.

[0021] This multi-stage tubular scale-aggregating and descaling device is designed for single wells with high gas content in produced fluids, a significant tendency for scaling, and severe pipeline scaling. It first performs gas-liquid separation and oil-water separation. Based on the scaling patterns of the aqueous phase in produced fluids, it artificially creates a scaling environment to improve scaling efficiency, ensuring rapid and efficient scaling, and facilitating timely and convenient scale removal. This reduces surface process complexity and maintenance workload. Ultimately, after the fluid passes through this multi-stage tubular scale-aggregating and descaling device, the scaling tendency is significantly reduced, extending the pipeline cleaning cycle, reducing pipeline maintenance workload, and ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the system. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Appendix Figure 2 These are schematic diagrams of the main cross-sectional structure of embodiments one to eight of the present invention.

[0024] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure of the first scale-collecting tube in embodiments six to eight of the present invention.

[0025] Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the first scale-collecting tube in embodiments six to eight of the present invention.

[0026] Appendix Figure 5 This is a graph showing the trend of scale formation on various materials during the casing material test for this invention.

[0027] Appendix Figure 6 This invention provides a trend diagram showing the change in calcium loss rate of various materials during the casing material test.

[0028] The codes in the attached diagram are as follows: 1 is the three-phase separator, 2 is the drain outlet, 3 is the gas-liquid mixer, 4 is the inlet pipe, 5 is the aqueous phase inlet pipe, 6 is the aqueous phase outlet pipe, 7 is the oil connection pipe, 8 is the gas connection pipe, 9 is the drain pipe, 10 is the first lever, 11 is the first valve core, 12 is the first float, 13 is the balance pipe, 14 is the upper chamber, 15 is the lower chamber, 16 is the valve seat, 17 is the switch hole, 18 is the second lever, 19 is the second float, 20 is the second valve core, 21 is the connecting pipe, 22 is the first scale-collecting pipe, 23 is the second scale-collecting pipe, 24 is the third scale-collecting pipe, 25 is the cover plate, 26 is the upper connecting pipe, 27 is the lower connecting pipe, 28 is the sleeve, 29 is the fin, 30 is the electric heating rod, 31 is the connecting plate, 32 is the flow passage, 33 is the second scale collector, and 34 is the third scale collector. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the specific implementation can be determined according to the technical solution of the present invention and the actual situation.

[0030] In the present application, for the convenience of description, the relative position relationship of each component is described according to the layout direction of the drawings attached to the specification Figure 1 , such as the position relationship of front, back, up, down, left, right, etc. is determined according to the layout direction of the drawings attached to the specification Figure 1 .

[0031] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments and the drawings:

[0032] Embodiment one: as shown in the drawings Figure 1 , 2 , the multi-stage tubular coagulation and scale removal device comprises a three-phase separator 1, a liquid blocking mechanism, a scale coagulation and removal device, a scale formation assembly, a gas-liquid mixer 3 and an oil balance mechanism. The three-phase separator 1 has a separation chamber with a large upper part and a small lower part. The three-phase separator 1 has an inlet on the outer side of the middle part, which is in communication with the separation chamber. The three-phase separator 1 has a liquid inlet pipe 4 fixedly connected to the outer side corresponding to the position of the inlet. The left part of the liquid inlet pipe 4 is inclined upward relative to the right part. The three-phase separator 1 has a gas phase outlet, an oil phase outlet and a water phase outlet fixedly and separately distributed on the outer side from top to bottom. The three-phase separator 1 has a liquid blocking mechanism on the inner side of the upper part, which can prevent liquid from flowing out of the gas phase outlet. The scale coagulation and removal device has a scale formation assembly inside, which can gather scale ions on the surface after heating liquid. The three-phase separator 1 has a water phase liquid inlet pipe line 5 fixedly and continuously connected between the water phase outlet and the lower outer side of the scale coagulation and removal device. The scale coagulation and removal device has a water phase liquid outlet pipe line 6 fixedly and continuously connected between the upper outer side and the water phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 3. The three-phase separator 1 has an oil phase connecting pipe line 7 fixedly and continuously connected between the oil phase outlet and the oil phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 3. The three-phase separator 1 has a gas phase connecting pipe line 8 fixedly and continuously connected between the gas phase outlet and the gas phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 3. The gas-liquid mixer 3 has a liquid discharge pipe line 9 fixedly and continuously connected to the lower outer side. The gas-liquid mixer 3 has an oil balance mechanism inside, which can close the oil phase inlet when the liquid surface is close to the water phase inlet, and open the oil phase inlet when the liquid surface is away from the water phase mechanism.

[0033] According to the requirements, the oil balance mechanism closes the oil phase inlet when the liquid surface rises and is close to the water phase inlet, and opens the oil phase inlet when the liquid surface falls and is away from the water phase mechanism.

[0034] In use, the single well produced fluid pipeline is connected with the liquid inlet pipe 4, the single well produced fluid enters the three-phase separator 1 to separate the oil, gas and water, so that the incomplete descaling caused by unstable mixed state is avoided, under the action of centrifugal force, gravity and buoyancy, a reverse conical vortex field is formed in the separation chamber, the gas phase with small density rises to the top of the three-phase separator 1 along the center of the vortex, the water phase with large density is closer to the wall of the three-phase separator 1 and moves downward under the action of centrifugal force, and the oil phase with small density gathers to the center and moves upward, finally, the gas phase, the oil phase and the water phase are discharged from the gas phase outlet, the oil phase outlet and the water phase outlet of the three-phase separator 1 respectively, then the water phase enters the scale gathering and descaling device, the scale gathering and descaling device performs descaling work on the water phase, and finally, the three phases enter the gas-liquid mixer 3 through the water phase outlet pipeline 6, the oil phase connecting pipeline 7 and the gas phase connecting pipeline 8 for mixing.

[0035] When the single well produced fluid appears intermittent flow, excessive gas, continuous gas flow, continuous liquid flow, unstable gas-liquid, and high-low liquid and gas (large change in the proportion of liquid and gas), the liquid blocking mechanism can prevent the mixture of liquid and gas from entering the gas-liquid mixer 3, and the three-phase separator 1 provided with the liquid blocking mechanism in the application can separate the gas phase and the liquid phase in the produced fluid under various unstable conditions of the single well produced fluid, so that only the scale forming ions in the liquid phase can be gathered and scaled, and the gas phase without scale forming ions can be prevented from interfering with the scaling effect of the produced fluid, so that the effect of liquid phase gathering and scaling can be improved.

[0036] The three-phase separator 1 can separate the wellhead produced fluid into three phases, heat the separated water phase through the scale gathering and descaling device to quickly precipitate the scale forming ions in the liquid, and then mix the gas phase, the oil phase and the treated water phase through the gas-liquid mixer 3 to realize rapid descaling of the single well pipeline. The liquid outlet of the gas-liquid mixer 3 is arranged at a lower position in the gas-liquid mixer 3, the end of the liquid discharge pipeline 9 is fixedly communicated with the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid mixer 3, and the diameter of the liquid outlet of the gas-liquid mixer 3 and the inner diameter of the liquid discharge pipeline 9 are 1.5 to 2 times of the water phase inlet diameter.

[0037] The oil phase outlet and the water phase outlet of the three-phase separator 1 have a certain height difference, the oil and water separation difficulty is different at different water contents, in order to ensure that the subsequent oil phase and water phase can smoothly enter the gas-liquid mixer 3 after a series of treatments, the height difference of the oil phase outlet and the water phase outlet of the three-phase separator 1 is determined according to the following formula ,

[0038]

[0039] wherein w is the water content, %; V 总 is the total treatment capacity, m 3 / s; R is the inner radius of the lower part of the three-phase separator 1, m.

[0040] The inner diameter of the oil phase connecting pipeline 7 is determined according to the following formula ,

[0041]

[0042] wherein w is the water content, %; V is the total processing capacity, m 3 / d, v oil is the oil phase flow rate, m / s.

[0043] The inner diameter of the water phase inlet pipeline 5 is determined according to the following formula ,

[0044]

[0045] wherein w is the water content, %; V is the total processing capacity, m 3 / d, v water is the water phase flow rate, m / s.

[0046] The gas phase outlet is at the top of the three-phase separator 1, the oil phase outlet is 20-30 mm below the gas phase outlet, and the water phase outlet is 5-20 mm below the oil phase outlet.

[0047] The bottom of the three-phase separator 1 is provided with a water phase outlet, which is closely connected with the inlet of the scale removal device, so that the water phase separated in the separation chamber can smoothly enter the scale removal device for further treatment. The outlet of the scale removal device is connected with the water phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 3, so as to ensure that the descaled water phase enters the gas-liquid mixer 3. The middle and upper part of the three-phase separator 1 is provided with an oil phase outlet, which is connected with the oil phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 3, so as to transport the separated oil phase to the gas-liquid mixer 3. Meanwhile, the top of the three-phase separator 1 is provided with a gas phase outlet, which is prevented from mixing with liquid by the liquid blocking mechanism. The gas phase outlet is connected with the gas phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 3, so as to make the gas phase also enter the gas-liquid mixer 3. Through such a connection mode, the problems of multiple process pipe headers, large ground occupation and many leakage points in the existing scale removal device can be effectively solved, and a complete single-well pipeline rapid descaling set-up is successfully constructed, realizing the cooperative work of the components and efficiently solving the scaling problem.

[0048] The multi-stage tubular set-up for scale removal can be further optimized or / and improved according to actual needs:

[0049] Embodiment two: as an optimization of the above-mentioned embodiments, as shown in the accompanying drawings Figure 1 , 2As shown, the oil balance mechanism comprises a first lever 10, a first valve core 11 and a first floating ball 12, a vertical balance pipe 13 is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the gas-liquid mixer 3, the upper end of the balance pipe 13 is fixedly communicated with the oil phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 3, the first lever 10 is hingedly installed on the inner side of the gas-liquid mixer 3, the left end of the first lever 10 is fixedly installed with the first valve core 11 which can be closed at the lower end of the balance pipe 13 after upward movement, the right end of the first lever 10 is fixedly installed with the first floating ball 12, and the first floating ball 12 moves downward when it approaches the lower end of the balance pipe 13 with the rising of the liquid surface.

[0050] According to the requirements, the oil phase inlet and the water phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 3 are arranged left and right with a certain interval, the first lever 10 is installed in the gas-liquid mixer 3 through the existing known hinged seat, the first valve core 11 and the first floating ball 12 connected by the first lever 10 are controlled according to the principle of lever to achieve the balance state of oil and water in the gas-liquid mixer 3, and the fulcrum (the central axis of the hinged shaft) of the first lever 10 is located below the balance pipe 13.

[0051] A vertical balance pipe 13 is arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the gas-liquid mixer 3, the balance pipe 13 can also be formed by extending downward from the lower end of the oil phase connecting pipeline 7 into the gas-liquid mixer 3, that is, the balance pipe 13 is integrally arranged with the oil phase connecting pipeline 7, and the lower end of the water phase liquid outlet pipeline 6 can also extend downward into the inner side of the upper part of the gas-liquid mixer 3, the water phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 3 and the first floating ball 12 can be arranged in a staggered manner, or can be arranged correspondingly (the central axis of the water phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 3 or the central axis of the lower end of the water phase liquid outlet pipeline 6 extending downward into the inner side of the upper part of the gas-liquid mixer 3 can also extend downward into the same vertical plane with the central axis of the first floating ball 12).

[0052] The length of the balance pipe 13 is one half of the internal diameter of the gas-liquid mixer 3, and the length of the lower end of the water phase liquid outlet pipeline 6 extending into the gas-liquid mixer 3 is one third of the internal diameter of the gas-liquid mixer 3, so that when the lower end of the balance pipe 13 and the lower end of the water phase liquid outlet pipeline 6 are at the same height, the first valve core 11 will pull up the first floating ball 12 by its own gravity and the first lever 10 in the initial stage when the gas-liquid mixer 3 has not yet entered the liquid, thereby blocking the water phase inlet, so that only oil flows into the gas-liquid mixer 3 at this time, and water cannot enter the gas-liquid mixer 3.

[0053] The material of the first valve core 11 and the first floating ball 12 can be nitrile rubber with good temperature resistance and oil resistance. In the initial state when the gas-liquid mixer 3 has not yet entered the liquid, the first valve core 11 pulls up the first floating ball 12 by virtue of its own gravity and the first lever 10. At this time, the oil phase inlet and the water phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 3 are in an open state, and the liquid flows into the gas-liquid mixer 3. As the liquid continues to flow in, the liquid level in the gas-liquid mixer 3 gradually rises, and the first valve core 11 begins to be affected by the liquid buoyancy. The first valve core 11 begins to float upwards, and at the same time, the first floating ball 12 is lowered by the lever action. Finally, the first valve core 11 rises to the lower end position of the balance pipe 13, blocking and closing it.

[0054] As the liquid level in the gas-liquid mixer 3 continues to rise, when the liquid level in the gas-liquid mixer 3 reaches or exceeds the lower end of the balance pipe 13, the first valve core 11 continues to maintain the blocking and closing state of the balance pipe 13. The outlet diameter of the gas-liquid mixer 3 and the inner diameter of the liquid discharge pipeline 9 are 1.5 to 2 times the diameter of the water phase inlet. In this way, the water phase inlet flow of the gas-liquid mixer 3 is relatively small, while the flow of the liquid discharge pipeline 9 is relatively large, causing the liquid level in the gas-liquid mixer 3 to gradually decrease.

[0055] When the liquid level drops below the lower end of the balance pipe 13, the first valve core 11 also drops, and the lower end of the balance pipe 13 (the oil phase inlet) reopens. The oil begins to flow into the gas-liquid mixer 3. If the oil inflow is too large, causing the liquid level to again exceed the lower end of the balance pipe 13 (the lower end of the balance pipe 13 is below the liquid level), the first valve core 11 will also float to block and close the lower end of the balance pipe 13. This cycle is repeated to achieve the oil balance state in the gas-liquid mixer 3.

[0056] In this application, the gas-liquid mixer 3 is in communication with the scale formation and removal device and the three-phase separator 1. The gas-liquid mixer 3 can also perform three-phase separation of oil, gas, and water. The oil balance mechanism can ensure the separation effect of the oil phase and the water phase in the liquid phase in the three-phase separator 1, so that the liquid in the scale formation and removal device is all water phase. In this way, the three-phase separator 1, the gas-liquid mixer 3, and the oil balance mechanism can make the water phase in the produced liquid flow into the scale formation and removal device. Since the scale-forming ions exist only in the water phase in the produced liquid, the gas phase and the oil phase do not contain scale-forming ions. This avoids the influence of the gas phase and the oil phase on the water phase, and further improves the effect of the produced liquid on scale formation.

[0057] Example Three: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in FIG. 3, the first valve core 11 is a hollow ball, and the weight of the first valve core 11 is greater than the weight of the first floating ball 12. Figure 1 、 2 The first valve core 11 is a hollow ball, and the outer diameter of the first valve core 11 is d1. The first floating ball 12 is a rubber solid ball, and the diameter of the first floating ball 12 is d2. d2 is greater than d1, and preferably,

[0058] The first valve core 11 is a hollow ball, and the outer diameter of the first valve core 11 is d1. The first floating ball 12 is a rubber solid ball, and the diameter of the first floating ball 12 is d2. d2 is greater than d1, and preferably, .

[0059] In the initial state when the gas-liquid mixer 3 has not yet been filled with liquid, the first valve core 11 pulls up the first floating ball 12 by virtue of its own gravity and the first lever 10, at this time the oil phase inlet and the water phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 3 are both in an open state, and the produced liquid flows into the gas-liquid mixer 3. As the liquid continues to flow in, the liquid level in the gas-liquid mixer 3 gradually rises, and the first valve core 11 begins to be affected by the liquid buoyancy, and the first valve core 11 begins to float upwards, while the first floating ball 12 is lowered by the lever action, and finally the first valve core 11 rises to the lower end position of the balance pipe 13 to block and close it.

[0060] As the liquid level in the gas-liquid mixer 3 continues to rise, when the liquid level in the gas-liquid mixer 3 reaches or exceeds the lower end of the balance pipe 13, the first valve core 11 continues to maintain the blocking and closing state of the balance pipe 13, and the liquid outlet diameter of the gas-liquid mixer 3 and the inner diameter of the liquid discharge pipeline 9 are 1.5 to 2 times the diameter of the water phase inlet, so that the water phase inlet flow of the gas-liquid mixer 3 is relatively small, and the liquid discharge pipeline 9 flow is large, so that the liquid level in the gas-liquid mixer 3 gradually decreases.

[0061] When the liquid level drops below the lower end of the balance pipe 13, the first valve core 11 sinks, and the lower end of the balance pipe 13 (the oil phase inlet) is reopened, and the oil begins to flow into the gas-liquid mixer 3. If the oil inflow is too large, causing the liquid level to again exceed the lower end of the balance pipe 13 (the lower end of the balance pipe 13 is below the liquid level), the first valve core 11 will float again to block and close the lower end of the balance pipe 13, and this cycle will continue, achieving an oil balance state in the gas-liquid mixer 3.

[0062] The oil balance mechanism precisely regulates the flow of oil and water according to the lever principle, so that the two are in a balanced state in the gas-liquid mixer 3, which not only ensures the uniform mixing of oil and water during the gas-liquid mixing process, but also greatly improves the stability and mixing efficiency of the entire device operation, effectively meeting the gas-liquid mixing needs under different working conditions, and laying a solid foundation for the smooth development of subsequent processes.

[0063] Example Four: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the accompanying drawings Figure 1 、 2As shown, the upper part of the separation chamber corresponding to the position above the oil phase outlet is fixed with a valve seat 16 which separates the separation chamber into an upper chamber 14 and a lower chamber 15, and the valve seat 16 is provided with an opening and closing hole 17 which communicates the upper chamber 14 and the lower chamber 15, and the liquid blocking mechanism comprises a second lever 18, a second floating ball 19 and a second valve core 20, the second lever 18 is hingedly installed in the upper chamber 14, the second lever 18 is installed with the second valve core 20 at the left end, and the second lever 18 is installed with the second valve ball at the right end, the second valve core 20 can open and close the opening and closing hole 17 after upward movement, and the second floating ball 19 moves upward when approaching the gas phase outlet as the liquid surface in the upper chamber 14 rises, and the upper chamber 14 and the outside of the upper part of the scale remover are fixedly communicated with a communication pipeline 21.

[0064] According to the requirements, the cross section of the three-phase separator 1 is T-shaped with the upper part wide and the lower part narrow, the three-phase separator 1 can be fixed together by two mutually perpendicular pipelines to form, the upper pipeline is horizontally arranged, the lower pipeline is vertically arranged, the lower side of the upper pipeline and the upper end of the lower pipeline are communicated with each other, the valve seat 16 is a known technology such as a valve ball seat, the opening and closing hole 17 can be a tapered hole with large upper part and small lower part, the valve seat 16 is arranged at the connection between the upper chamber 14 and the lower chamber 15, the diameter of the lower chamber 15 is 3 to 5 times the inner diameter of the single well pipeline, the height of the three-phase separator 1 is 1.5 to 1.8 m, after the single well produced liquid enters the lower chamber 15, due to the different densities of the oil, gas and water three phases, under the action of centrifugal force, gravity and buoyancy, the gas phase with small density rises along the central vortex to the top of the upper chamber 14, the water phase with large density moves more close to the separator wall and moves downward under the action of centrifugal force, and the oil phase with small density gathers to the center and moves upward, so as to realize the three-phase separation of oil, gas and water, and the three-phase separator 1 has the advantages of high separation efficiency, compact design and small equipment volume.

[0065] The inner diameter of the upper chamber 14 is 1.5 to 2 times the inner diameter of the lower chamber 15, and the length of the upper chamber 14 is 1.5 to 2 times the inner diameter of the upper chamber 14, and the valve ball seat is provided with an opening and closing hole 17 with a diameter of 30 to 50 mm.

[0066] The second valve core 20 is a rubber solid ball, the diameter of the second valve core 20 is 10 to 30 mm larger than the inner diameter of the valve ball seat, and the material of the second valve core 20 can be selected according to the physical and chemical properties of the produced liquid, and different tensile strength, good temperature resistance and oil resistance rubber products.

[0067] The second float 19 is a hollow sphere. The outer diameter of the second float 19 is less than one-third of the diameter of the upper chamber 14. The buoyancy of the second float 19 is greater than 1-2 times the weight of the second valve core 20, and the weight of the second float 19 is greater than 25% of the weight of the second valve core 20. The fulcrum (hinge point) of the second lever 18 can be located at one-third of the length of the second lever 18 and close to the side of the second valve core 20. The fulcrum of the second lever 18 is installed on the inner wall of the upper chamber 14 through a known hinge seat. In the initial state, the second valve core 20 is moved away from the upper end of the valve seat 16 (switch hole 17) under the weight of the second float 19 and the action of the second lever 18. The switch hole 17 is opened, and the upper chamber 14 and the lower chamber... The chambers 15 are interconnected. If the liquid level in the lower chamber 15 suddenly rises and enters the upper chamber 14, and the liquid level continues to rise, the second float 19 floats up (moves upward), thereby driving the second valve core 20 to move downward and close the switch hole 17, blocking the upper chamber 14 and the lower chamber 15, preventing the liquid from continuing to enter the upper chamber 14. Since the upper chamber 14 and the scale remover are connected by a connecting pipe 21, the liquid in the upper chamber 14 leaks down from the connecting pipe 21 into the scale remover. After the liquid level in the upper chamber 14 drops, the second float 19 drops, and the second valve core 20 is pulled up by the second float 19 and the second lever 18, opening the switch hole 17, and restoring the connection between the upper chamber 14 and the lower chamber 15.

[0068] The liquid blocking mechanism prevents excessive oil phase in the upper chamber 14 from flowing out of the gas phase outlet. On the other hand, it allows the gas phase that has not been completely separated in the scale remover to flow into the upper chamber 14 through the connecting pipeline 21 and into the gas-liquid mixer 3 through the gas-liquid connecting pipeline 8. This allows for multi-stage separation of the gas and liquid phases in the produced fluid, improving the gas-liquid separation efficiency of the produced fluid.

[0069] Example 5: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the three-phase separator 1, located between the valve seat 16 and the gas phase outlet, has a first connecting hole on its outer side that communicates with the upper chamber 14. The scale remover has a second connecting hole on its upper outer side that communicates with both the inside and outside. The connecting pipeline 21 is fixedly connected between the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole.

[0070] If the liquid level in the lower chamber 15 suddenly rises and enters the upper chamber 14, and the liquid level continues to rise, the second float 19 floats, thereby driving the second valve core 20 to move downward and close the switch hole 17, blocking the upper chamber 14 and the lower chamber 15, preventing further liquid from entering the upper chamber 14. Since the upper chamber 14 and the scale remover are connected by a connecting pipe 21, the liquid in the upper chamber 14 leaks down into the scale remover through the connecting pipe 21. After the liquid level in the upper chamber 14 drops, the second float 19 descends, the second valve core 20 is pulled up by the second float 19, the switch hole 17 is opened, and the upper chamber 14 and the lower chamber 15 are restored to the connected state.

[0071] The upper outer side of the scale collector is provided with a second connecting hole that connects the inside and outside. This way, even if there is still a gas phase in the liquid flowing into the scale collector, the gas phase has a low density and can automatically gather on the upper inner side of the scale collector. It flows into the upper chamber 14 through the connecting pipeline 21 and enters the gas-liquid mixer 3 through the gas connecting pipeline 8, ensuring the gas-liquid separation effect in the scale collector and facilitating the improvement of the scale collection and descaling effect of the extracted liquid.

[0072] Example 6: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 2 , 3 As shown, the scale removal device includes a first scale removal tube 22, a second scale removal tube 23, and a third scale removal tube 24 arranged parallel to each other from top to bottom. The left ends of the first scale removal tube 22, the second scale removal tube 23, and the third scale removal tube 24 are detachably and fixedly installed with cover plates 25. A second connecting hole is provided on the upper right side of the first scale removal tube 22. An upper connecting pipe 26 is fixedly connected between the lower left side of the first scale removal tube 22 and the upper left side of the second scale removal tube 23. A lower connecting pipe 27 is fixedly connected between the lower right side of the second scale removal tube 23 and the upper left side of the third scale removal tube 24. A water phase inlet pipe 5 is fixedly connected between the water phase outlet and the outer left side of the third scale removal tube 24. A water phase outlet pipe 6 is fixedly connected between the outer right side of the first scale removal tube 22 and the water phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 3.

[0073] The scaling assembly includes a first scaling device, a second scaling device 33, and a third scaling device 34. The left side of the first scaling device is located inside the first scaling tube 22, and the right end of the first scaling device is detachably and fixedly installed together with the right end of the first scaling tube 22. The left side of the second scaling device 33 is located inside the second scaling tube 23, and the right end of the second scaling device 33 is detachably and fixedly installed together with the right end of the second scaling tube 23. The left side of the third scaling device 34 is located inside the third scaling tube 24, and the right end of the third scaling device 34 is detachably and fixedly installed together with the right end of the third scaling tube 24.

[0074] The scale removal device consists of three pipes (first scale removal pipe 22, second scale removal pipe 23, and third scale removal pipe 24) connected in series. The inlet of the scale removal device is connected to the water phase outlet of the three-phase separator 1 to ensure that the separated water phase can flow smoothly into the scale removal device. The scale removal device includes the first scale removal pipe 22, the second scale removal pipe 23, and the third scale removal pipe 24 arranged in parallel from top to bottom. The scaling component includes the first scale collector, the second scale collector 33, and the third scale collector 34. Thus, the scaling component and the scale removal device constitute a three-stage descaling device. The first scale collector, the second scale collector 33, and the third scale collector 34 can heat the liquid phase of the first scale removal pipe 22, the second scale removal pipe 23, and the third scale removal pipe 24 to remove scale-forming ions in the extracted fluid.

[0075] The aqueous phase inlet pipeline 5 is fixedly connected between the aqueous phase outlet and the left outer side of the third scale-collecting pipe 24. The aqueous phase inlet pipeline 5 is a certain distance from the lower side of the three-phase separator 1. Alternatively, the aqueous phase inlet pipeline 5 can be inserted from the aqueous phase outlet in the lower part of the three-phase separator 1 and extended downwards to maintain a certain distance from the bottom of the lower separation chamber.

[0076] When the liquid phase (aqueous phase) flows inside the scale collector, if there is residual gas phase in the liquid phase, the residual gas phase will collect at the top of the scale collection tube under the action of buoyancy when it flows through the scale collection tube. In order to make the residual gas phase collect at the top of the scale collection tube under the action of buoyancy when it flows through the scale collection tube, the first scale collection tube 22, the second scale collection tube 23 and the third scale collection tube 24 can be set at an inclination or at a horizontal position. Finally, they flow into the upper chamber 14 through the connecting pipeline 21 and then enter the gas-liquid mixer 3 through the gas connecting pipeline 8. In this way, when the gas-liquid separation effect of the three-phase separator 1 is low, the multiple scale collection tubes of the scale collector can perform multiple separations on the liquid phase after the initial separation, which plays a multi-stage auxiliary separation role and further improves the gas-liquid separation efficiency. This can reduce the gas phase in the scale collector, so that the scaling component only performs scale collection on the aqueous phase containing scale-forming ions, thereby improving the scale collection efficiency.

[0077] Example 7: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 2 , 3 As shown in Figure 4, the first scale collector includes a sleeve 28, fins 29, and an electric heating rod 30. The sleeve 28 is fitted inside the first scale-collecting tube 22. A connecting plate 31 is fixedly installed on the right end of the sleeve 28. The outside of the connecting plate 31 is detachably fixedly installed together with the right end of the first scale-collecting tube 22. The electric heating rod 30 is fitted inside the sleeve 28. Several fins 29 are fixedly installed at intervals along the length direction on the outside of the sleeve 28. Several flow holes 32 are distributed at intervals along the circumference on the side of the fins 29. The second scale collector 33 and the third scale collector 34 have the same structure as the first scale collector.

[0078] According to the requirements, the scale buildup and descaling device is equipped with a known electric heating rod 30. The right end of the electric heating rod 30 is fixedly installed with the connecting plate 31. To ensure its stable and efficient operation, the electric heating rod 30 is covered with a sleeve 28 with fins 29, which greatly increases the heat exchange area. This allows heat to be transferred quickly and evenly through the sleeve 28 to the liquid phase flowing through the sleeve 28, rapidly increasing the temperature of the produced liquid. Moreover, the presence of fins 29 significantly enhances the fluid turbulence effect. When the liquid phase flows through the sleeve 28 with fins 29, its originally relatively stable flow state is broken, forming complex turbulence and vortices. This makes the contact between the water phase and the wall of the sleeve 28 more sufficient and frequent, thereby promoting a more complete and uniform scaling process of the water phase on the sleeve 28, allowing impurities to accumulate and adhere to the wall of the sleeve 28 more quickly to form scale.

[0079] The scale collector is installed in the middle and lower part of the three-phase separator 1, so that the liquid level always completely covers the electric heating rods 30 in the first scale collection pipe 22, the second scale collection pipe 23 and the third scale collection pipe 24, avoiding dry burning of the electric heating rods 30 and causing damage, the connecting plate 31 is a blind plate flange known in the art, the first scale collection pipe 22 is fixedly installed with a connecting flange on the outer side of the right end, the blind plate flange and the connecting flange are detachably fixed and installed together through a plurality of connecting bolts and nuts uniformly distributed along the circumference, the sleeve pipe 28 is a galvanized iron sleeve pipe known in the art, the sleeve pipe 28 can be integrally arranged with the fins 29, and the electric heating rod 30 is detachably installed with the sleeve pipe 28.

[0080] Meanwhile, it is convenient to clean the scale, after a period of work, the first scale collector, the second scale collector 33 and the third scale collector 34 are removed, and the deposited dirt in the first scale collection pipe 22, the second scale collection pipe 23 and the third scale collection pipe 2 is cleaned.

[0081] The first scale collection pipe 22, the second scale collection pipe 23 and the third scale collection pipe 24 are the same structure, the length of the first scale collection pipe 22 is L, the cross-sectional area of the first scale collection pipe 22 is A, and the inner diameter of the first scale collection pipe 22 is D.

[0082] The flow rate of the liquid phase in the first scale collection pipe 22 is v, the treatment capacity of the liquid in the first scale collection pipe 22 is QL, and the flow time of the liquid phase in the first scale collection pipe 22 is t, then the total length L of the first scale collection pipe 22 is v x t, the electric heating rod 30 with the sleeve pipe 28 is placed in the first scale collection pipe 22, the required cross-sectional area is A = A hole + A ring, the inner diameter D of the first scale collection pipe 22 is d sleeve + d fin + d ring, and the width d ring of the annular channel between the inner side of the first scale collection pipe 22 and the outer side of the fin 29 is calculated as follows:

[0083] ;

[0084] Wherein, t is the flow time of the liquid phase in the first scale collection pipe 22, s; A hole is the total area of the flow-through holes 32 on the fin 29, m 2 ; A ring is the area of the annular channel between the inner side of the first scale collection pipe 22 and the outer side of the fin 29, m 2 ; d sleeve is the sleeve diameter, m; d hole is the diameter of the flow-through holes 32 on the fin 29, m; d fin is the width of the fin 29, m; and n is the number of flow-through holes 32 on the fin 29.

[0085] The length of the electric heating rod 30 is L1, then L1 = L - 0.1, wherein L is the length of the first scale collection pipe 22, and the length of the sleeve pipe 28 is L2, then L2 = 0.05 + L1.

[0086] The sleeve pipe 28 is arranged with N fins 29, the thickness of the fin 29 is h, and the spacing between the fins 29 is a, then N = L2 / (a + h).

[0087] Embodiment eight: as the optimization of the above-mentioned embodiments, as shown in the accompanying drawings Figure 1 , 2 The inclination angle of the liquid inlet pipe 4 is 45 to 75 degrees, and a sewage outlet 2 connected internally and externally is arranged on the outer side of the lower part of the three-phase separator 1.

[0088] The inclination angle of the liquid inlet pipe 4 is 45 to 75 degrees, so that the produced liquid can form a rotating flow field after entering the separation chamber. The inner wall of the front part of the liquid inlet pipe 4 is tangent to the inner wall of the front part of the three-phase separator 1, so that the flow rate can be reduced when the liquid phase enters the lower separation chamber. The arrangement makes the gas-liquid mixture start to rotate when entering the lower separation chamber, so that the produced liquid can form a rotating flow field after entering, and the single-well produced liquid can be separated into oil, gas and water phases. The three-phase separator 1 is fixedly connected to the sewage pipe on the outer side of the lower part of the three-phase separator 1 corresponding to the position of the sewage outlet 2, and the sewage valve is installed on the sewage pipe. In this way, the impurities in the three-phase separator 1 can be easily discharged, and the inside of the three-phase separator 1 can be easily cleaned, thereby reducing the maintenance cost.

[0089] The multi-stage tubular gathering and fouling device can realize rapid fouling and fixed-point descaling of the oilfield gathering pipeline. The multi-stage tubular gathering and fouling device performs three-phase separation, improves the descaling efficiency, introduces a heating mode to improve the fouling efficiency of the device, and installs the galvanized iron sleeve pipe 28 with fins 29, which not only increases the heat exchange area but also improves the fluid disturbance, so that the water phase can be more fully fouled on the sleeve pipe 28. The multi-stage tubular gathering and fouling device not only improves the fouling efficiency, but also has a simple structure, which is easy to install and maintain.

[0090] The multi-stage tubular gathering and fouling device can realize rapid fouling and fixed-point descaling of the oilfield gathering pipeline. The multi-stage tubular gathering and fouling device performs three-phase separation, improves the descaling efficiency, introduces a heating mode to improve the fouling efficiency of the device, and installs the galvanized iron sleeve pipe 28 with fins 29, which not only increases the heat exchange area but also improves the fluid disturbance, so that the water phase can be more fully fouled on the sleeve pipe 28. The multi-stage tubular gathering and fouling device not only improves the fouling efficiency, but also has a simple structure, which is easy to install and maintain.

[0091] The above technical features respectively constitute various embodiments of the present application, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Non-essential technical features can be added or removed according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.

[0092] The use process of the present application is as follows:

[0093] Embodiment nine: when the daily treatment capacity V of the produced liquid is 25 m 3 / d, and the water content w of the produced liquid is 60%:

[0094] The produced liquid enters the lower chamber 15 through the inclined downward liquid inlet pipe 4. Due to the cyclone effect, the centrifugal force, gravity and buoyancy form a reverse conical vortex surface. The gas phase with small density rises along the center of the vortex to the top of the lower chamber 15. The water phase with large density moves downward under the action of the centrifugal force and is closer to the wall of the three-phase separator 1. The oil phase with small density gathers to the center and moves upward. Finally, the gas phase, the water phase and the oil phase are discharged from the gas phase outlet, the water phase outlet and the oil phase outlet respectively.

[0095] The gas phase is discharged from the switch hole 17 into the upper chamber 14. The liquid blocking mechanism installed in the upper chamber 14 ensures that the gas phase outlet does not contain liquid phase. The upper chamber 14 is communicated with the scale collector. The water phase outlet of the three-phase separator 1 is communicated with the scale collector. The scale collector is installed on the lower middle side of the three-phase separator 1, so that the liquid level always completely covers the electric heating rods 30 in the first scale collection pipe 22, the second scale collection pipe 23 and the third scale collection pipe 24, avoiding dry burning of the electric heating rods 30 and causing damage. The oil phase outlet of the three-phase separator 1 is communicated with the oil phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 3. The oil phase above the water phase after separation in the lower chamber 15 enters the oil phase connecting pipeline 7 through the oil phase outlet, and finally flows into the gas-liquid mixer 3.

[0096] The height difference between the oil phase outlet and the water phase outlet is 0.0065m when the diameter of the lower separation chamber is 0.15m.

[0097] The inner diameter of the oil phase connecting pipeline 7 is 0.03m when the oil phase flow rate is 0.15m / s. The inner diameter of the water phase liquid inlet pipeline 5 is 0.047m when the water phase flow rate is 0.1m / s.

[0098] The water phase passes through the third scale collection pipe 24, the second scale collection pipe 23 and the first scale collection pipe 22 in sequence in the scale collector for heating and scaling. The inner diameters of the third scale collection pipe 24, the second scale collection pipe 23 and the first scale collection pipe 22 are all 0.076m. The length of the electric heating rod 30 is 0.4m. The length of the sleeve 28 is 0.45m. The thickness of the fin 29 is 0.005m. The spacing of the fins 29 is 0.02. Therefore, 18 fins 29 are arranged on the sleeve 28. The number of flow-through holes 32 on the circular ring-shaped fin 29 is 12. The diameter d hole of the flow-through hole 32 is 0.004m. The width R fin of the fin 29 is 0.008m. d fin is 0.016m. The water phase flows through the scale collector, the temperature rises rapidly, and a scale layer is formed on the surface of the sleeve 28 and the electric heating rod 30.

[0099] After the water phase flows through the scale collector, it flows out through the water phase liquid outlet pipeline 6 and enters the gas-liquid mixer 3 for gas-liquid mixing. In the gas-liquid mixer 3, the oil-water balance mechanism ensures that the oil and water in the oil-gas mixer always maintain a balanced state. The diameter of the first valve core 11 outside is 0.03m. The diameter of the second floating ball 19 is 0.11m.

[0100] With the passage of time, the fouling on the sleeve 28 can become serious, the descaling efficiency is reduced, affecting the normal operation of the system, at this time, when the measured pressure fluctuation is greater than 2MPa, the descaling treatment is carried out;

[0101] During the descaling process, the electric heating rod 30 with the sleeve 28 needs to be taken out, after being taken out, the fouling condition of the sleeve 28 is carefully checked, and the fouling on the sleeve 28 is removed or a new sleeve 28 is replaced according to the need, the new sleeve 28 not only can restore the fouling efficiency of the fouling and descaling device, but also can prolong the service life of the electric heating rod 30, after the replacement is completed, the electric heating rod 30 with the sleeve 28 is put back into the fouling pipe, after being installed, it is ensured that the fouling and descaling device can continue to operate efficiently.

[0102] Example ten: when the daily treatment volume V of the produced liquid is 25m 3 / d, the water content w of the produced liquid is 80%:

[0103] The produced liquid enters the lower chamber 15 through the inclined downward liquid inlet pipe 4, due to the cyclone effect, the centrifugal force, the gravity and the buoyancy form a reverse conical vortex surface, the gas phase with small density rises to the top of the lower chamber 15 along the center of the vortex, the water phase with large density is closer to the wall of the three-phase separator 1 under the action of the centrifugal force and moves downward, and the oil phase with small density gathers to the center and moves upward, finally the gas phase, the water phase and the oil phase are discharged from the gas phase outlet, the water phase outlet and the oil phase outlet respectively;

[0104] The gas phase is discharged from the switch hole 17 and enters the upper chamber 14, the liquid blocking mechanism installed in the upper chamber 14 makes the gas phase outlet not contain liquid phase, the upper chamber 14 is communicated with the fouling and descaling device, which facilitates the discharge of the liquid phase in the upper chamber 14, the water phase outlet of the three-phase separator 1 is communicated with the fouling and descaling device, the fouling and descaling device is installed at the lower middle part of the side of the three-phase separator 1, so that the liquid level always completely covers the electric heating rod 30 in the first fouling pipe 22, the second fouling pipe 23 and the third fouling pipe 24, avoiding dry burning of the electric heating rod 30 to cause damage, the oil phase outlet of the three-phase separator 1 is communicated with the oil phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 3, the oil phase above the water phase after being separated in the lower chamber 15 enters the oil phase connecting pipeline 7 from the oil phase outlet, and finally flows into the gas-liquid mixer 3;

[0105] The height difference between the oil phase outlet and the water phase outlet is 0.0033m when the diameter of the lower separation chamber is 0.15m;

[0106] The inner diameter of the oil phase connecting pipeline 7 is 0.022m when the oil phase flow rate is 0.15m / s; the inner diameter of the water phase liquid inlet pipeline 5 is 0.053m when the water phase flow rate is 0.1m / s;

[0107] The water phase is heated and scaled in the fouling and descaling device in turn through the third fouling pipe 24, the second fouling pipe 23 and the first fouling pipe 22, the inner diameters of the third fouling pipe 24, the second fouling pipe 23 and the first fouling pipe 22 are all 0.076 m, the length of the electric heating rod 30 is 0.4 m, the length of the sleeve pipe 28 is 0.45 m, the thickness of the fin 29 is 0.005 m, the spacing of the fin 29 is 0.02, then 18 fins 29 are arranged on the sleeve pipe 28, the number of the flow-through holes 32 on the circular fin 29 is 12, the diameter d hole of the flow-through hole 32 is 0.004 m, the width R fin of the fin 29 is 0.008 m, d fin is 0.016 m, the water phase flows through the fouling and descaling device, the temperature of the water phase is rapidly increased and the scale layer is formed on the surface of the sleeve pipe 28 and the surface of the electric heating rod 30;

[0108] After the water phase flows through the fouling and descaling device, the water phase flows out through the water phase outlet pipeline 6 and enters the gas-liquid mixer 3 to mix gas and liquid, in the gas-liquid mixer 3, the oil balance mechanism ensures that the oil and water in the oil-gas mixer always maintain a balanced state, the diameter of the outer side of the first valve core 11 is 0.022 m, the diameter of the second floating ball 19 is 0.09 m;

[0109] With the passage of time, the scaling on the sleeve pipe 28 may become serious, the descaling efficiency is reduced, and the normal operation of the system is affected, at this time, when the measured pressure fluctuation is greater than 2 MPa, the scale removal treatment is carried out;

[0110] During the scale removal process, the electric heating rod 30 with the sleeve pipe 28 needs to be taken out, after being taken out, the scaling condition of the sleeve pipe 28 is carefully checked, and the scale on the sleeve pipe 28 is removed or a new sleeve pipe 28 is replaced according to the need, the new sleeve pipe 28 not only can restore the scaling efficiency of the fouling and descaling device, but also can prolong the service life of the electric heating rod 30, after the replacement is completed, the electric heating rod 30 with the sleeve pipe 28 is put back into the fouling pipe, after being installed, it is ensured that the fouling and descaling device can continue to operate efficiently.

[0111] Example eleven: when the daily processing capacity V of the produced liquid is 25 m 3 / d, the water content w of the produced liquid is 90%, and the oil content w of the produced liquid is 10%:

[0112] The produced liquid enters the lower chamber 15 through the inclined downward liquid inlet pipe 4, due to the cyclone effect, the centrifugal force, the gravity and the buoyancy form a reverse conical vortex surface, the gas phase with small density rises along the central vortex to the top of the lower chamber 15, the water phase with large density is closer to the wall surface of the three-phase separator 1 under the action of the centrifugal force and moves downward, the oil phase with small density gathers to the center and moves upward, finally the gas phase, the water phase and the oil phase are discharged from the gas phase outlet, the water phase outlet and the oil phase outlet respectively;

[0113] The gas phase is discharged from the switch hole 17 into the upper chamber 14, and the liquid blocking mechanism installed in the upper chamber 14 ensures that the gas phase outlet is free of liquid phase. The upper chamber 14 is communicated with the scale remover, which facilitates the discharge of the liquid phase in the upper chamber 14. The water phase outlet of the three-phase separator 1 is communicated with the scale remover, which is installed on the lower side of the three-phase separator 1 to ensure that the liquid level always completely covers the electric heating rods 30 in the first scale tube 22, the second scale tube 23 and the third scale tube 24, thereby avoiding dry burning of the electric heating rods 30 and causing damage. The oil phase outlet of the three-phase separator 1 is communicated with the oil phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer 3. The oil phase above the water phase after separation in the lower chamber 15 enters the oil phase connecting pipeline 7 through the oil phase outlet and finally flows into the gas-liquid mixer 3.

[0114] When the diameter of the lower separation chamber is 0.15 m, the height difference between the oil phase outlet and the water phase outlet is 0.0016 m.

[0115] When the flow rate of the oil phase is 0.15 m / s, the inner diameter of the oil phase connecting pipeline 7 is 0.017 m. When the flow rate of the water phase is 0.1 m / s, the inner diameter of the water phase inlet pipeline 5 is 0.058 m.

[0116] The water phase passes through the third scale tube 24, the second scale tube 23 and the first scale tube 22 in sequence in the scale remover for heating and scaling. The inner diameters of the third scale tube 24, the second scale tube 23 and the first scale tube 22 are all 0.076 m. The length of the electric heating rod 30 is 0.4 m. The length of the sleeve 28 is 0.45 m. The thickness of the fin 29 is 0.005 m. The spacing between the fins 29 is 0.02. Therefore, 18 fins 29 are arranged on the sleeve 28. The number of flow-through holes 32 in the circular fin 29 is 12. The diameter d hole of the flow-through hole 32 is 0.004 m. The width R fin of the fin 29 is 0.008 m. d fin is 0.016 m. The water phase flows through the scale remover, the temperature of the water phase rapidly increases, and a scale layer is formed on the surface of the sleeve 28 and the electric heating rod 30.

[0117] After the water phase flows through the scale remover, it flows out through the water phase outlet pipeline 6 and enters the gas-liquid mixer 3 for gas-liquid mixing. In the gas-liquid mixer 3, the oil-water balance mechanism ensures that the oil and water in the oil-gas mixer always remain in a balanced state. The diameter of the first valve core 11 outside is 0.017 m. The diameter of the second floating ball 19 is 0.07 m.

[0118] With the passage of time, the scaling on the sleeve 28 may become serious, the descaling efficiency decreases, and the normal operation of the system is affected. At this time, when the measured pressure fluctuation is greater than 2 MPa, the scale removal treatment is performed.

[0119] In the scale removal process, the electric heating rod 30 with the sleeve 28 needs to be taken out. After being taken out, the scale of the sleeve 28 is carefully inspected, and the scale on the sleeve 28 is removed or a new sleeve 28 is replaced according to the need. The new sleeve 28 not only restores the scaling efficiency of the scale remover, but also prolongs the service life of the electric heating rod 30. After the replacement is completed, the electric heating rod 30 with the sleeve 28 is re-placed into the scaling pipe. After installation, it is ensured that the scale remover can continue to operate efficiently.

[0120] Example twelve: The material of the sleeve 28 is determined by the following test method:

[0121] S11, the water sample sent by the oil field is analyzed and tested. The ion chromatograph is used to analyze the ion composition in the water sample, and the double indicator method is used to analyze the content of carbonate and bicarbonate. It can be seen that the cations in the water sample are mainly Na + , Ca 2+ ; the anions are mainly Cl - , HCO3 2- , so it is determined that the water type of the oil field water sample is CaCl2 water type. The bicarbonate content in the water sample is very high. Bicarbonate will ionize to produce carbonate in the solution, and then react with calcium ions to generate calcium carbonate precipitate, which is the main component of scale. Therefore, the main scale type is CaCO3;

[0122] S12, according to the water quality analysis result, the simulated oil field water is prepared by using the constant concentration method. Six kinds of chemical reagents, calcium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, magnesium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium chloride and potassium chloride, are used to simulate the mineralized water configuration;

[0123] S13, the simulated mineralized water prepared in step S12 is subjected to a dynamic shear test. H59 brass, H62 brass, aluminum, 13Cr, 316L stainless steel and galvanized iron are used as research objects, so as to optimize the material with the best scaling performance;

[0124] S14, the experiment is carried out under dynamic stirring condition. The rotating speed is 150 rpm, the size of the hanging piece is 50mm×25mm×2mm, the hanging piece is suspended at the center position of 900mL water sample during the experiment, and the experimental temperature is controlled at 25℃ according to the feedback data on site;

[0125] The difference of the scale amount and the calcium loss rate on the surface of different materials is large, and the change trend with time is different, such as Figure 5 , Figure 6After 30 h of reaction, the fouling amount of the six materials from large to small is: galvanized iron > H62 brass > H59 brass > 316L stainless steel > aluminum > 13Cr stainless steel, and the calcium loss rate of the corresponding experimental solution from large to small is: galvanized iron > 13Cr stainless steel > aluminum > H62 brass > 316L stainless steel > H59 brass, the calcium loss rate and the fouling amount of the galvanized iron are the largest, and a layered scale is formed on the surface, which is conducive to the deposition of dirt, so the material of the sleeve 28 is galvanized iron.

Claims

1. A multi-stage tubular scale collection and removal device, characterized in that... The system includes a three-phase separator, a liquid blocking mechanism, a scale buildup and descaling device, a scaling assembly, a gas-liquid mixer, and an oil-water balance mechanism. The three-phase separator has a separation chamber that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. An inlet communicating with the separation chamber is located on the outer side of the middle section of the three-phase separator. A liquid inlet pipe is fixedly connected to the outer side of the three-phase separator at the corresponding inlet position, with the left side of the inlet pipe inclined upwards relative to the right side. Gas phase outlet, oil phase outlet, and water phase outlet are distributed at intervals from top to bottom on the outer side of the three-phase separator. A liquid blocking mechanism is located on the inner side of the upper part of the three-phase separator, which prevents liquid from flowing out of the gas phase outlet. The scale buildup and descaling device contains a scaling assembly that, after heating the liquid, accumulates scale-forming ions on the surface. The device includes a water phase outlet and a water phase inlet pipe fixedly connected to the lower outer side of the scale remover; a water phase outlet pipe fixedly connected to the upper outer side of the scale remover and the water phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer; an oil phase outlet and an oil phase inlet pipe fixedly connected to the oil phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer; a gas phase outlet and a gas phase inlet pipe fixedly connected to the gas phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer; a drain pipe fixedly connected to the lower outer side of the gas-liquid mixer; and an oil-water balance mechanism inside the gas-liquid mixer. The oil-water balance mechanism closes the oil phase inlet when the liquid level is close to the water phase inlet and opens the oil phase inlet when the liquid level is far from the water phase inlet. The oil-water balance mechanism includes a first lever, a first valve core, and a first float. A vertical balance tube is provided on the inner side of the upper part of the gas-liquid mixer. The upper end of the balance tube is fixedly connected to the oil phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer. A first lever is hinged to the inner side of the gas-liquid mixer. A first valve core that can close the lower end of the balance tube after moving upward is fixedly installed on the left end of the first lever. A first float is fixedly installed on the right end of the first lever. The first float moves downward when the liquid level rises and approaches the lower end of the balance tube. The first valve core is a hollow sphere, and its weight is greater than that of the first float.

2. The multi-stage tubular scale collection and removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that... A valve seat is fixed on the upper part of the separation chamber above the oil phase outlet, dividing the separation chamber into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. The valve seat is provided with a switch hole connecting the upper chamber and the lower chamber. The liquid blocking mechanism includes a second lever, a second float and a second valve core. The second lever is hinged in the upper chamber. The second valve core is installed on the left end of the second lever and the second valve ball is installed on the right end of the second lever. The second valve core can open and close the switch hole after moving up and down. The second float moves upward when the liquid level in the upper chamber rises and approaches the gas phase outlet. A connecting pipeline is fixedly connected between the upper chamber and the upper outer side of the scale remover.

3. The multi-stage tubular scale collection and removal device according to claim 2, characterized in that... The three-phase separator, located between the valve seat and the gas phase outlet, has a first connecting hole on its outer side that communicates with the upper chamber. The scale remover has a second connecting hole on its upper outer side that communicates with both the inside and outside. The connecting pipeline is fixedly connected between the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole.

4. The multi-stage tubular scale collection and removal device according to claim 3, characterized in that... The scale removal device includes a first scale removal tube, a second scale removal tube, and a third scale removal tube arranged parallel to each other from top to bottom. The left ends of the first scale removal tube, the second scale removal tube, and the third scale removal tube are all detachably and fixedly fitted with cover plates. A second connecting hole is located on the upper right side of the first scale removal tube. An upper connecting pipe is fixedly connected between the lower left side of the first scale removal tube and the upper left side of the second scale removal tube. A lower connecting pipe is fixedly connected between the lower right side of the second scale removal tube and the upper left side of the third scale removal tube. An aqueous phase inlet pipeline is fixedly connected between the aqueous phase outlet and the outer side of the left side of the third scale removal tube. An aqueous phase outlet pipeline is fixedly connected between the outer side of the right side of the first scale removal tube and the aqueous phase inlet of the gas-liquid mixer. The scaling assembly includes a first scaling device, a second scaling device, and a third scaling device. The left side of the first scaling device is located inside the first scaling tube, and the right end of the first scaling device is detachably and fixedly installed together with the right end of the first scaling tube. The left side of the second scaling device is located inside the second scaling tube, and the right end of the second scaling device is detachably and fixedly installed together with the right end of the second scaling tube. The left side of the third scaling device is located inside the third scaling tube, and the right end of the third scaling device is detachably and fixedly installed together with the right end of the third scaling tube.

5. The multi-stage tubular scale collection and removal device according to claim 4, characterized in that... The first scale collector includes a sleeve, fins, and an electric heating rod. The sleeve is fitted inside the first scale-collecting tube. A connecting plate is fixedly installed on the right end of the sleeve. The outside of the connecting plate is detachably and fixedly installed together with the right end of the first scale-collecting tube. An electric heating rod is fitted inside the sleeve. Several fins are fixedly installed at intervals along the length of the outer side of the sleeve. Several flow holes are distributed at intervals along the circumference on the side of the fins. The second and third scale collectors have the same structure as the first scale collector.

6. The multi-stage tubular scale collection and removal device according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5, characterized in that... The inlet pipe is inclined at an angle of 45 to 75 degrees, and the lower outer side of the three-phase separator is provided with a drain port that connects the inside and outside.

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