Dynamic settlement compensation device based on active lifting technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a settlement dynamic compensation device based on an active lifting technology. The settlement dynamic compensation device is used for adjusting settlement of a transition slab with one end connected with a bridgehead and the other end laid with a roadbed. The compensation device comprises a settlement monitoring piece, a rotatable supporting piece and a jacking grouting piece. The settlement monitoring pieces are mounted on two sides of the transition slab and used for collecting the elevation difference of the transition slab relative to a bridgehead or a roadbed; the rotatable supporting piece comprises a ball base fixedly connected with the foundation, a supporting column fixedly connected with the bottom of the butt strap and a ball joint base. The jacking grouting piece comprises a hydraulic ejector rod, a grouting device and a control piece, one end of the hydraulic ejector rod is connected with the supporting column, the other end of the hydraulic ejector rod is supported on a foundation, the supporting column can be pushed to enable a grouting space to be formed between the bottom end of the supporting column and the groove bottom of the limiting inserting groove of the ball joint seat, and the control piece can control the jacking stroke of the hydraulic ejector rod according to settlement data; and the grouting opportunity and the grouting amount of the grouting device are controlled according to the jacking in-place signal. The compensation device can dynamically adapt to differential settlement, the jacking mechanism is prevented from being damaged, and long-term stable supporting is achieved through grouting solidification.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of bridge engineering, and particularly relates to a settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of road engineering, bumping at the bridgehead is prone to occur at the junction of the bridge and the roadbed, and the core cause is that the structural stiffness of the bridge is much higher than that of the roadbed, and the roadbed is prone to natural settlement under the action of long-term vehicle load and environmental erosion; in order to alleviate this problem, the industry generally uses the method of installing a plate to realize the transition of the bridge and the roadbed, but the foundation under the plate is still a settlement-sensitive area, and after long-term use, the plate is prone to have an elevation deviation due to the settlement of the underlying foundation, and still needs to be repaired.

[0003] In the existing repair technology, the hydraulic jack lifting technology is often used to quickly adjust the elevation of the plate, but there are two key defects in actual application: first, the support structure of the lifting mechanism (commonly used hydraulic jack) is mostly rigidly fixed, while the settlement of the roadbed is often unevenly distributed, which causes the plate to have an inclined posture, and the rigid support cannot adapt to this inclined state, which easily causes the lifting mechanism to be out of balance, to be tilted or even mechanically damaged, and it is difficult to ensure the elevation adjustment accuracy; second, after the plate is lifted into place, it only relies on the support of the jack, which not only has poor support stability, but also easily causes the support force to decay due to hydraulic oil leakage in long-term use, which causes the plate to settle again and shortens the service life of the plate. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the problems and deficiencies of the existing technology, the present application provides a settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology, which realizes dynamic, accurate and stable compensation of the settlement of the plate by adapting to the inclination of the support and grouting and solidifying the support.

[0005] The application is implemented by the following technical solutions: A settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology is used to adjust the settlement of a plate having one end connected to a bridgehead and the other end paved on a roadbed, and is characterized in that the compensation device is arranged in an array on the bottom of the plate and includes a settlement monitoring member, a rotatable support member and a lifting and grouting member. The settlement monitoring member is arranged on both sides of the plate and is used to collect the elevation difference of the plate relative to the bridgehead or the roadbed. The rotatable support member includes a ball base fixed to the foundation, a support column fixed to the bottom of the plate, and a ball joint seat with an arc-shaped concave surface and a limiting slot, the ball joint seat is connected to the top of the ball base through the arc-shaped concave surface ball pair, and the bottom end of the support column is movably inserted into the limiting slot. The jacking and grouting part comprises a hydraulic jacking rod, a grouting device and a control device, one end of the hydraulic jacking rod is connected to the support column, and the other end is supported on the foundation, the support column can be jacked to form a grouting space between the bottom end of the support column and the bottom of the limiting slot, the grouting device is connected to the grouting space through a pipeline, and the control device is connected to the settlement monitoring device, the hydraulic jacking rod and the grouting device, the jacking stroke of the hydraulic jacking rod can be controlled according to the settlement data, and the grouting time and the grouting amount of the grouting device can be controlled according to the jacking signal.

[0006] By arranging multiple compensation devices in an array, the synchronous or independent regulation of different regions of the deck plate can be realized, and the settlement differences of each region can be accurately adapted. The ball joint connection between the ball seat and the ball base in the rotating support, and the movable plug-in structure of the support column and the limiting slot can flexibly adapt to the tilted posture of the deck plate caused by uneven settlement of the roadbed, avoiding the stress imbalance or mechanical damage of the jacking mechanism due to rigid constraints. The jacking and grouting part adopts a mode combining active lifting of the hydraulic jacking rod and solidification of the support by the grouting device, which not only realizes accurate adjustment of the elevation of the deck plate through the hydraulic jacking rod, but also forms a long-term stable support structure by the solidification of the grouting material in the grouting space, completely solving the problem of support force attenuation caused by oil leakage in traditional deck plates relying only on hydraulic jacks, and significantly improving the accuracy of deck plate elevation adjustment and service life.

[0007] Further, in each jacking and grouting part, at least three hydraulic jacking rods are provided and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the support column. The jacking and grouting part further comprises a fixed ring and a bearing base ring, the fixed ring is fixedly arranged on the lower outer periphery of the support column, and the bearing base ring is coaxially arranged outside the ball base and fixedly connected to the foundation. Each hydraulic jacking rod is hingedly connected between the fixed ring and the bearing base ring, forming a circumferential ring support for the support column.

[0008] The at least three hydraulic jacking rods uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the support column form a ring support structure, which can uniformly disperse the jacking force to the outer periphery of the support column, avoid local stress concentration caused by single jacking rod support, and reduce the risk of deformation of the support column. The fixed ring and the bearing base ring provide stable upper and lower connection references for the hydraulic jacking rods, ensuring the synchronization of the actions of the hydraulic jacking rods, reducing additional torque caused by uneven jacking, further improving the stability of the jacking process and the accuracy of the deck plate elevation adjustment, and enhancing the overall structural bearing capacity of the device.

[0009] Further, the jacking and grouting part further comprises an oil inlet ring pipe and an oil return ring pipe; the oil inlet ring pipe is connected to the oil inlet cavity of each hydraulic jacking rod through a branch pipeline, and the oil return ring pipe is connected to the oil return cavity of each hydraulic jacking rod through a branch pipeline.

[0010] The oil inlet ring pipe and the oil return ring pipe respectively provide centralized oil supply and recovery channels for each hydraulic jack rod, which can effectively avoid the inconsistent problems of oil supply pressure and flow rate when each pipe is independently connected, and ensure the synchronization of the lifting speed and stroke height of all hydraulic jack rods; the centralized oil circuit design simplifies the pipeline layout, reduces the number of pipeline joints, reduces the risk of oil leakage, and facilitates the unified regulation and control of the pressure and flow rate of the hydraulic system, reduces the uneven stress on the local plate caused by oil circuit differences, and protects the integrity of the plate structure. Moreover, the oil inlet ring pipe connects the oil inlet chambers of each hydraulic jack rod, which can ensure the consistency of the oil inlet chamber pressure of each hydraulic jack rod to adapt to the support column in an inclined posture.

[0011] Further, the compensation device further comprises a power assembly, the power assembly comprising two coaxially linked piston pumps, a driving motor and an oil tank; the driving motor is in transmission connection with the piston rods of the two piston pumps through a first speed reducer, the oil inlets of the piston pumps are connected with the oil tank through pipelines with oil inlet check valves, and the oil outlets of the piston pumps are connected with the oil inlet ring pipe through pipelines with oil outlet check valves; when the driving motor is reversed once, the two piston pumps alternately complete the oil suction and discharge actions to continuously supply oil; the oil return ring pipe is in communication with the oil tank through an oil return pipe, and the driving motor is in signal connection with the control element.

[0012] The two piston pumps in the power assembly alternately complete the oil suction and discharge actions under the driving of the driving motor, realize continuous and uninterrupted supply of hydraulic oil, avoid the intermittent oil supply problem when a single piston pump works, and improve the lifting efficiency and process continuity; the driving motor is in transmission connection with the piston pump through the first speed reducer, which can accurately control the output pressure and flow rate of the piston pump and adapt to the lifting requirements of different sedimentation amounts; the integrated power assembly design reduces the number of independent power devices, reduces the overall volume of the equipment, reduces the installation space requirement and equipment cost, and facilitates the centralized regulation and control of the power output by the control element.

[0013] Further, a pressure relief pipe is in communication between the oil inlet ring pipe and the oil return ring pipe, and a pressure relief valve is installed in series on the pressure relief pipe, and the pressure relief valve is in signal connection with the control element.

[0014] The pressure relief pipe and the pressure relief valve in series between the oil inlet ring pipe and the oil return ring pipe constitute a safety protection mechanism of the hydraulic system, when the pressure in the oil inlet ring pipe exceeds the preset threshold due to abnormal conditions, the control element can control the pressure relief valve to open in real time, and the excessive hydraulic oil is guided into the oil return ring pipe to quickly reduce the system pressure, avoid damage to the hydraulic jack rod, pipeline and related connecting parts due to overpressure, ensure the safety of the device operation, prolong the service life of the hydraulic system, and provide redundant protection for the pressure accurate control in the lifting process.

[0015] Further, the support column is internally provided with a grouting channel penetrating to the bottom end surface thereof, and the grouting channel is in communication with the grouting space; the grouting device comprises a grouting pump and a grouting barrel, the grouting inlet of the grouting pump is connected with the grouting barrel through a pipeline, and the grouting outlet is connected with the top inlet of the grouting channel through a pipeline; the grouting pump and the power assembly share the same driving motor, and the driving motor is in transmission connection with the grouting pump through a second speed reducer.

[0016] The grouting channel in the support column directly communicates with the grouting space, thereby eliminating the complex arrangement of external grouting pipelines, reducing the risk of pipeline bending, blockage or damage, and ensuring smooth delivery of grouting materials; the grouting pump and the power assembly share the same driving motor, and power distribution is realized through the second speed reducer, thereby reducing the number of independent driving devices, lowering equipment energy consumption and manufacturing cost; the power sharing design facilitates the linkage control of the control member to realize the jacking and grouting actions, ensures the accurate matching of the grouting timing and the jacking stroke, and improves the operation efficiency and compensation effect.

[0017] Further, the jacking and grouting members of the plurality of compensation devices can share the same power assembly and the same grouting barrel; The total output end of the power assembly is connected with a branch control valve group through a main oil circuit, and the branch control valve group is in one-to-one correspondence with the oil inlet ring pipes of the compensation devices through branch oil supply pipelines to adjust the hydraulic oil pressure and flow of each compensation device; The grouting barrel is connected with a branch grouting valve group through a total grouting supply pipe, and the branch grouting valve group is in one-to-one correspondence with the grouting inlets of the grouting pumps of the compensation devices through branch grouting supply pipelines; The branch control valve group and the branch grouting valve group are signal connected with the control member to independently control the jacking and grouting of different compensation devices.

[0018] The plurality of compensation devices share one set of power assembly and grouting barrel, which greatly reduces the overall number and floor area of the equipment, lowers the system construction and maintenance cost; the branch control valve group and the branch grouting valve group can independently adjust the hydraulic oil parameters and grouting amount of each compensation device, so that the control member can implement differential control according to the settlement data of different areas of the deck plate to realize accurate compensation of the elevations of different areas; this combination of centralized power supply and decentralized control not only ensures the system integration, but also improves the adaptation to complex settlement patterns, enhances the practicality and economy of the device.

[0019] Further, in the rotatable support member, a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant layer is embedded at the contact position between the arc-shaped concave surface of the ball socket and the spherical surface of the ball base; an annular sealing ring is arranged on the top of the ball base, and a matching elastic sealing ring is arranged at the bottom of the ball socket; a solid lubricating coating is arranged between the outer periphery of the support column and the inner wall of the limiting slot of the ball socket.

[0020] The polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant layer of the spherical contact seat arc-shaped concave surface and the spherical base spherical surface contact part can significantly reduce the friction coefficient and wear rate when the two relatively rotate, thereby prolonging the service life of the ball pair connection; the annular sealing ring at the top of the spherical base and the elastic sealing ring at the bottom of the spherical contact seat are tightly matched, which can effectively block impurities such as external silt and rainwater from entering the ball pair contact area, thereby avoiding the aggravation of wear or rotation jam caused by pollutants; the solid lubricating coating between the outer periphery of the support column and the inner wall of the limiting slot can reduce the friction resistance when the two relatively slide, thereby ensuring the flexible movement of the support column during the tilting of the clamping plate and guaranteeing the dynamic adaptation capability of the rotatable support to uneven settlement.

[0021] Further, the settlement monitoring member includes a laser ranging sensor and a dual-axis tilt sensor, the laser ranging sensor is installed on the edge area of the clamping plate through an adjustable support, the detection end of the laser ranging sensor is respectively aligned with the elevation reference plate at the bridge head and the reference pile on the roadbed surface, the dual-axis tilt sensor is fixed on the geometric center area at the bottom of the clamping plate to detect the inclination degree of the clamping plate, and the laser ranging sensor and the dual-axis tilt sensor are both connected with the data of the control member.

[0022] The laser ranging sensor accurately obtains the elevation difference data of each edge area of the clamping plate by detecting the distance between the clamping plate and the elevation reference plate at the bridge head and the reference pile on the roadbed, the dual-axis tilt sensor monitors the overall inclination degree of the clamping plate in real time, the data of the two are complementary to each other, and comprehensive settlement state information is provided for the control member, thereby avoiding the limitation of single sensor detection; this multi-parameter detection mode enables the control member to more accurately judge the settlement form of the clamping plate, formulate more accurate jacking and grouting strategies, improve the overall precision of elevation adjustment, and ensure that the clamping plate is restored to the designed elevation and posture.

[0023] Further, the spherical base of the rotatable support is prefabricated from high-strength reinforced concrete, the bottom of the spherical base is provided with an anchoring rib extending into the foundation, the support column is a hollow alloy steel pipe, and the top end of the support column is detachably connected with the bottom of the clamping plate through a flange plate.

[0024] The spherical base prefabricated from high-strength reinforced concrete and the anchoring rib extending into the foundation can form a firm connection with the foundation, thereby providing a stable and reliable lower support foundation for the entire device and resisting the reaction force generated by the jacking and the clamping plate load; the hollow alloy steel pipe support column effectively reduces the self-weight while ensuring the structural strength and rigidity, thereby reducing the additional load borne by the clamping plate and avoiding secondary damage to the clamping plate due to excessive load; the flange plate detachably connecting the top end of the support column with the bottom of the clamping plate facilitates the installation, maintenance and replacement of the device, reduces the difficulty and cost of later maintenance, and improves the use convenience and operation and maintenance efficiency of the device.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: The plurality of compensation devices arranged in an array can be flexibly implemented in synchronous or independent regulation according to the settlement difference of different areas of the slab, cooperates with the spherical pair connection of the ball seat and the ball base in the rotatable support, the movable plug-in structure of the support column and the limiting slot, can naturally adapt to the inclined posture of the slab due to the uneven settlement of the roadbed, effectively avoids the stress imbalance, skew and even mechanical damage of the jacking mechanism due to rigid constraint, and greatly enhances the dynamic adaptation capability of the device to complex settlement forms.

[0026] The jacking grouting part adopts the operation mode of active lifting of the hydraulic jack rod combined with the curing support of the grouting device, which not only accurately adjusts the elevation of the slab through the hydraulic jack rod, but also forms a stable long-acting support structure by means of the curing of the grouting material in the grouting space, completely solves the problem that the traditional technology only relies on the support of the hydraulic jack, which is easy to cause the support force to attenuate due to oil leakage, and causes the slab to settle again, and significantly improves the support reliability and durability.

[0027] The centralized oil inlet ring pipe and the oil return ring pipe ensure the synchronous oil supply and return of each hydraulic jack rod, avoid additional stress of the slab due to action difference; the double-piston pump power assembly realizes uninterrupted continuous oil supply, improves the elevation adjustment efficiency; the shunt control valve group and the shunt grouting valve group support independent regulation of multiple devices, cooperate with the multi-parameter detection of the laser ranging sensor and the double-axis inclination sensor to provide comprehensive and accurate settlement data for the control part, and ensure the accuracy of the elevation and posture adjustment of the slab. In addition, the polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant layer at the contact part of the spherical pair, the sealing structure of the ball base and the ball seat, and the solid lubricating coating of the support column prolong the service life of the whole device; the power assembly and the grouting barrel shared by multiple devices reduce the equipment investment and maintenance cost, and the flange plate of the support column and the slab can be detachably connected for easy installation and maintenance. The whole device takes into account the practicability, economy and long-term effectiveness, and is suitable for settlement compensation of the slab at the bridge and roadbed joint in road engineering, effectively improves the performance and service life of the slab. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 An installation position schematic view of a schematic embodiment of a settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology in the application; Figure 2 An installation structure schematic view of a schematic embodiment of a settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology in the application; Figure 3 A structure schematic view of a schematic embodiment of a rotatable support and a jacking grouting part in the application; Figure 4 A structure schematic view of a schematic embodiment of a rotatable support and a jacking grouting part in the application in a cut-open state; Figure 5Structure schematic diagram for illustrating a schematic embodiment of the jacking and grouting part in the present application; Figure 6 Structure schematic diagram for illustrating a schematic embodiment of the grouter in the present application; Figure 7 Partial structure schematic diagram for illustrating a schematic embodiment of the power assembly in the present application; Figure 8 Partial structure schematic diagram for illustrating another schematic embodiment of the power assembly in the present application.

[0029] Component and reference numeral list: 1, bridge head; 2, roadbed; 3, deck plate; 4, settlement monitoring part; 41, laser ranging sensor; 42, double-axis tilt sensor; 5, rotatable support part; 51, ball base; 52, support column; 521, grouting channel; 53, ball joint base; 531, arc-shaped concave surface; 532, limiting slot; 54, grouting space; 55, anchoring rib; 6, jacking and grouting part; 61, hydraulic jacking rod; 62, grouter; 621, grouting pump; 622, grout storage barrel; 63, fixing ring; 64, bearing base ring; 65, oil inlet ring pipe; 66, oil outlet ring pipe; 67, oil return pipe; 68, pressure relief pipe; 681, pressure relief valve; 7, power assembly; 71, piston pump; 711, oil inlet check valve; 712, oil outlet check valve; 713, piston rod; 72, driving motor; 73, oil storage tank; 74, first speed reducer; 75, second speed reducer; 8, foundation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0031] It should be noted that the left, right, up, down, front, back and other orientation terms in the embodiments of the present application are only relative concepts or are referenced to the normal use state of the product, i.e., the running direction of the product, and should not be considered as limiting.

[0032] In addition, it should also be noted that the dynamic terms such as "relative motion" mentioned in the embodiments of the present application not only include positional changes, but also include motions in which the position does not change relatively, but the state changes.

[0033] Finally, it should be noted that when a component is said to be "located on" or "set on" another component, it can be on the other component or may have an intervening component at the same time. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or may have an intervening component at the same time.

[0034] like Figures 1 to 8 The diagram illustrates a settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology. Its core function is to adjust the settlement of an approach slab 3, which connects to a bridge abutment 1 at one end and a roadbed 2 at the other. Precise dynamic control resolves elevation deviations in the approach slab 3 caused by uneven settlement of the roadbed 2. This compensation device is not a single structure, but rather consists of multiple components arranged in an array at the bottom of the approach slab 3, forming a multi-point support and control system. The entire device comprises three core parts: a settlement monitoring component 4, a rotatable support component 5, and a lifting grouting component 6. These components are interconnected through structural relationships and data interaction, enabling fully automated operation from settlement detection to active compensation.

[0035] Settlement monitoring component 4, acting as the "sensing unit" of the device, is installed on both sides of the approach slab 3. Its core function is to collect the elevation difference between the approach slab 3 and the bridgehead 1 or the roadbed 2, providing accurate data for subsequent compensation actions. Specifically, it comprises two types of components: a laser rangefinder sensor 41 and a dual-axis tilt sensor 42. The laser rangefinder sensor 41 is fixed to the edge areas on both sides of the approach slab 3 via adjustable brackets, with its detection ends aligned with the preset elevation reference plate of the bridgehead 1 and the reference pile on the surface of the roadbed 2, respectively, directly acquiring the distance difference between the edge of the approach slab 3 and the reference surface. The dual-axis tilt sensor 42 is fixed to the geometric center area at the bottom of the approach slab 3, specifically used to detect the overall tilt of the approach slab 3, avoiding misjudgments of the overall attitude caused by relying solely on edge elevation data. Both the laser rangefinder sensor 41 and the dual-axis tilt sensor 42 establish stable data connections with subsequent control components, ensuring that the detection data can be transmitted to the control center in real time and accurately.

[0036] The rotatable support 5 undertakes the "support and attitude adaptation" function of the compensation device and is a key structure connecting the foundation 8 and the approach slab 3. Its design fully considers the tilting problem of the approach slab 3 caused by the uneven settlement of the roadbed 2. It is mainly composed of a spherical base 51, a support column 52 and a spherical connector 53. The spherical base 51 is prefabricated with high-strength reinforced concrete. Anchor bars 55 extending into the foundation 8 are provided at the bottom, forming a firm connection with the foundation 8 through the anchor bars 55, providing a stable lower support foundation for the entire device. The support column 52 is made of hollow alloy steel pipe, which not only ensures sufficient structural strength to bear the load of the slab 3, but also reduces its own weight to avoid adding additional burden to the slab 3. Its top and bottom of the slab 3 are detachably connected through a flange, which facilitates later installation, maintenance and replacement. The spherical connector 53 has an arc-shaped concave surface 531 and a limiting slot 532. The arc-shaped concave surface 531 forms a spherical joint connection with the top of the spherical base 51, allowing the spherical connector 53 to rotate flexibly around the spherical base 51. The bottom end of the support column 52 is movably inserted into the limiting slot 532. With the cooperation of the spherical joint connection, the angle can be adjusted according to the tilt trend of the slab 3. Meanwhile, to improve the durability and flexibility of the rotatable support 5, a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant layer is embedded in the contact area between the arc-shaped concave surface 531 of the ball joint 53 and the spherical surface of the ball base 51 to reduce wear during relative rotation; an annular sealing ring is provided on the outer periphery of the top of the ball base 51, and a matching elastic sealing ring is provided on the bottom of the ball joint 53 to prevent external mud, sand, and rainwater from entering the contact area and affecting rotation; a solid lubricating coating is also provided between the outer periphery of the support column 52 and the inner wall of the limiting slot 532 of the ball joint 53 to reduce the frictional resistance when the two slide relative to each other and ensure smooth posture adjustment.

[0037] The jacking and grouting component 6 is the "execution unit" of the compensation device, responsible for the active lifting and long-term stable support of the slab 3. It mainly includes hydraulic jacks 61, grouters 62, and control components, and is also equipped with a fixing ring 63, a bearing base ring 64, an oil inlet ring pipe 65, an oil return ring pipe, a power component 7, a pressure relief pipe 68, a pressure relief valve 681, and a grouting channel 521, among other supporting structures. Among them, the hydraulic jacks 61 serve as the lifting power source, with at least three installed and evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the support column 52, enabling the uniform transmission of jacking force from multiple directions. The fixing ring 63 is fixed to the lower outer circumference of the support column 52, and the bearing base ring 64 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the spherical base 51 and fixedly connected to the foundation 8. Each hydraulic jack 61 is hinged between the fixing ring 63 and the bearing base ring 64, forming a circumferential encircling support for the support column 52. This structure not only improves the stability of the jacking process but also prevents the support column 52 from deforming due to excessive local stress. One end of the hydraulic jack 61 is connected to the support column 52, and the other end is supported on the foundation 8. When working, it can push the support column 52 upward, so that the bottom end of the support column 52 and the bottom of the limiting slot 532 form a closed grouting space 54, which prepares for subsequent solidification support.

[0038] To ensure synchronized movement of the hydraulic jacks 61, the jacking and grouting component 6 is also equipped with an inlet ring pipe 65 and a return ring pipe. The inlet ring pipe 65 is connected to the inlet chamber of each hydraulic jack 61 through branch pipes, providing hydraulic oil with consistent pressure to each hydraulic jack 61. The return ring pipe is connected to the return chamber of each hydraulic jack 61 through branch pipes, achieving centralized recovery of hydraulic oil. Simultaneously, to prevent damage to components due to excessive hydraulic system pressure, a pressure relief pipe 68 connects the inlet ring pipe 65 and the return ring pipe. A pressure relief valve 681 is installed in series on the pressure relief pipe 68. The pressure relief valve 681 is connected to the control unit via a signal connection. When the system pressure exceeds a preset value, the control unit can control the pressure relief valve 681 to open and relieve pressure in real time, ensuring the safety of the hydraulic system.

[0039] The power supply for the compensation device is provided by a dedicated power assembly 7, which includes two coaxially linked piston pumps 71, a drive motor 72, and an oil storage tank 73. The drive motor 72 is connected to the piston rods 713 of the two piston pumps 71 via a first reducer 74, enabling precise control of the operating speed of the piston pumps 71. The oil inlet of each piston pump 71 is connected to the oil storage tank 73 via a pipeline with an inlet check valve 711, and the oil outlet is connected to the inlet ring pipe 65 via a pipeline with an outlet check valve 712. When the drive motor 72 rotates forward and backward once, the two piston pumps 71 alternately complete the oil suction and discharge actions, thereby achieving a continuous and uninterrupted supply of hydraulic oil, avoiding the intermittent oil supply problem when a single piston pump 71 is working, and improving the lifting efficiency. The return ring pipe is connected to the oil storage tank 73 via a return pipe 67, forming a hydraulic oil recycling system. The drive motor 72 is connected to the control unit via a signal connection, and the control unit adjusts its start / stop and speed according to the compensation requirements.

[0040] The grouting system is deeply integrated with the structure of the support column 52. A grouting channel 521, extending to the bottom end of the support column 52, is directly connected to the grouting space 54, eliminating the need for complex external grouting piping. The grouting device 62 includes a grouting pump 621 and a grout storage tank 622. The inlet of the grouting pump 621 is connected to the grout storage tank 622 via a pipeline to obtain solidified material, and the outlet is connected to the top inlet of the grouting channel 521 via a pipeline, allowing the solidified material to be pressurized and injected into the grouting space 54. To simplify the structure and reduce costs, the grouting pump 621 shares the same drive motor 72 with the power assembly 7. The drive motor 72 is connected to the grouting pump 621 via a second reducer 75, achieving power sharing and coordinated control of the lifting and grouting actions.

[0041] For scenarios involving multiple compensation devices working in slab 3, the jacking and grouting components 6 of multiple compensation devices can share the same power assembly 7 and the same grout storage tank 622. The total output of the power assembly 7 is connected to a branch control valve group via the main oil circuit. The branch control valve group is connected to the inlet ring pipes 65 of each compensation device via branch oil supply pipelines. The controller can adjust the hydraulic oil pressure and flow of each compensation device through the branch control valve group to achieve differentiated jacking in different areas. The grout storage tank 622 is connected to a branch grouting valve group via the main grout supply pipe. The branch grouting valve group is connected to the grouting pump inlet 621 of each compensation device via branch grout supply pipelines. The grouting volume of each device is also controlled by the controller. Both the branch control valve group and the branch grouting valve group are signal-connected to the controller to ensure that the controller can independently control the jacking and grouting actions of different compensation devices to adapt to the settlement differences in different areas of slab 3.

[0042] As the "control center" of the entire compensation device, the control unit is connected to the settlement monitoring unit 4, hydraulic jack 61, grout injector 62, drive motor 72, pressure relief valve 681, branch control valve group, and branch grouting valve group for data or signals. During operation, the control unit first receives the elevation difference and tilt data transmitted by the settlement monitoring unit 4, analyzes and judges the settlement state of the slab 3, and then controls the lifting stroke of the hydraulic jack 61 according to the analysis results to adjust the slab 3 to the design elevation. When the jacking is in place, the control unit triggers the grouting signal to control the grouting timing and grouting volume of the grout injector 62 to ensure that the solidified material fills the grouting space 54. At the same time, the control unit can also coordinate the actions of multiple compensation devices through the branch control valve group and branch grouting valve group to achieve overall synchronization or local fine adjustment, and finally achieve dynamic, accurate and long-term compensation for the settlement of the slab 3. It should be noted that when the settlement monitoring device 4 detects that the settlement is greater than the preset value, the maintenance personnel receive an early warning signal and arrive at the site with grouting fluid to replenish the grout storage tank 622.

[0043] This embodiment applies to the approach slab 3 at the junction of the bridge and the roadbed 2 on an urban main road. One end of the approach slab 3 is connected to the bridgehead 1, and the other end is paved with the roadbed 2. Due to long-term exposure to vehicle loads and rainwater erosion, uneven settlement occurs along its length. Precise repair is required through a settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology. The device configuration and operation process are as follows: Multiple compensation devices are arranged in an array along the length of the slab 3. Among the rotatable support components 5 of each device, the ball base 51 is prefabricated with high-strength reinforced concrete, and the anchoring ribs 55 at the bottom extend into the foundation 8 to form a firm fixation with the foundation 8. The support column 52 is made of hollow alloy steel pipe, with its top end detachably connected to the bottom of the slab 3 via a flange, and its bottom end movably inserted into the limiting slot 532 of the ball joint 53. The ball joint 53 has an arc-shaped concave surface 531 and a limiting slot 532. The arc-shaped concave surface 531 and the top of the ball base 51 form a ball joint connection, and the contact area is embedded with a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant layer. The outer periphery of the top of the ball base 51 is provided with an annular sealing ring, and the bottom of the ball joint 53 is provided with a corresponding elastic sealing ring. A solid lubricating coating is applied between the outer periphery of the support column 52 and the inner wall of the limiting slot 532 to ensure that the support column 52 can slide flexibly with the tilt of the slab 3.

[0044] Settlement detection components are installed on both sides of the approach slab 3: the laser rangefinder 41 is fixed to the edge area on both sides of the approach slab 3 by an adjustable bracket, and the detection end is respectively aligned with the preset elevation reference plate of the bridgehead 1 and the reference pile on the surface of the roadbed 2; the dual-axis tilt sensor 42 is fixed in the geometric center area at the bottom of the approach slab 3, and both are connected to the control components through data lines to transmit elevation difference and tilt data in real time.

[0045] The components of the jacking grouting component 6 are assembled as follows: multiple hydraulic jacks 61 are provided and evenly distributed around the support column 52; a fixing ring 63 is fixed to the lower outer periphery of the support column 52; a bearing base ring 64 is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the ball base 51 and fixed to the foundation 8; both ends of each hydraulic jack 61 are respectively hinged to the fixing ring 63 and the bearing base ring 64 to form a circumferentially encircling support; the oil inlet ring pipe 65 is connected to the oil inlet chamber of each hydraulic jack 61 through branch pipes; the oil return ring pipe is connected to the oil return chamber of each hydraulic jack 61 through branch pipes; a pressure relief pipe 68 is connected between the oil inlet ring pipe 65 and the oil return ring pipe; a pressure relief valve 681 is installed in series on the pressure relief pipe 68; and the pressure relief valve 681 is connected to the control component signal.

[0046] A power assembly 7 is provided for all compensation devices to share. It includes two coaxially linked piston pumps 71, a drive motor 72, and an oil storage tank 73. The drive motor 72 is connected to the piston rods 713 of the two piston pumps 71 through a first reducer 74. The oil inlet of each piston pump 71 is connected to the oil storage tank 73 through a pipeline with an inlet check valve 711, and the oil outlet is connected to the main oil circuit through a pipeline with an outlet check valve 712. The end of the main oil circuit is connected to a branch control valve group. The branch control valve group is connected to the inlet ring pipes 65 of each compensation device through branch supply oil pipelines. The return ring pipes are connected to the oil storage tank 73 after being collected through return oil pipes 67, forming a hydraulic oil circulation.

[0047] In the grouting system, a grouting channel 521 extending to the bottom end face of the support column 52 is provided inside the support column 52. The grouting channel 521 is connected to the grouting space 54 formed by the bottom end of the support column 52 and the bottom of the limiting slot 532. The grouting device 62 includes a grouting pump 621 and a common grout storage tank 622. The grout inlet of the grouting pump 621 is connected to the grout storage tank 622 through a pipeline, and the grout outlet is connected to the top inlet of the grouting channel 521 through a pipeline. The grouting pump 621 and the power assembly 7 share the same drive motor 72, which is connected to the grouting pump 621 through a second reducer 75. The outlet of the grout storage tank 622 is connected to the main grout supply pipe, and the end of the main grout supply pipe is connected to the branch grouting valve group. The branch grouting valve group is connected to the grout inlet of the grouting pump 621 of each compensation device through the branch grout supply pipeline. The branch control valve group and the branch grouting valve group are both connected to the control component signal and are uniformly controlled by the control component.

[0048] Settlement data acquisition: The control unit activates the settlement detection unit. The laser rangefinder 41 detects the distances between the two edges of the approach slab 3 and the elevation reference plate of the bridgehead 1 and the reference pile of the roadbed 2 in real time, and calculates the elevation difference of different areas of the approach slab 3. The dual-axis tilt sensor 42 simultaneously detects the overall tilt of the approach slab 3 and transmits the elevation difference and tilt data to the control unit in real time. After analyzing the data, the control unit determines that the settlement of the approach slab 3 on the side closer to the roadbed 2 is larger, and there is a slight tilt along the length direction.

[0049] Lifting parameter control: The controller sends commands to the branch control valve group based on settlement data to adjust the hydraulic oil pressure and flow rate of the branch oil supply pipelines corresponding to each compensation device. The drive motor 72 starts and drives two piston pumps 71 through the first reducer 74. The two piston pumps 71 alternately complete the oil suction and discharge actions of the settlement monitoring device 4, continuously supplying hydraulic oil to the main oil circuit. The hydraulic oil is distributed to the inlet ring pipe 65 of each compensation device through the branch control valve group, and then enters the inlet chamber of each hydraulic jack 61 through the branch pipeline, pushing the hydraulic jack 61 to extend. Since the settlement of the approach slab 3 is large on the side closer to the roadbed 2, the controller controls the lifting stroke of the hydraulic jack 61 of the compensation device in this area to be greater than that on the side closer to the bridge abutment 1, while ensuring that the multiple hydraulic jacks 61 in each compensation device operate synchronously to avoid uneven local stress on the approach slab 3.

[0050] System pressure protection: During the jacking process, the control unit monitors the pressure data in the inlet ring pipe 65 in real time. When the pressure in the inlet ring pipe 65 of a certain area compensation device exceeds the preset threshold, the control unit immediately sends a signal to the pressure relief valve 681 corresponding to that area to open the pressure relief valve 681 and guide the excess hydraulic oil through the pressure relief pipe 68 into the return ring pipe to prevent damage to the hydraulic jacking rod 61 and pipeline due to overpressure. After the pressure returns to normal, the pressure relief valve 681 closes and the jacking operation continues.

[0051] Grouting and Curing Support: When the laser rangefinder 41 detects that the elevation difference of each area of ​​the support slab 3 meets the design requirements, and the dual-axis tilt sensor 42 detects that the tilt of the support slab 3 meets the standard, the control unit determines that the jacking is in place and stops the hydraulic jacking rod 61 from supplying oil. Subsequently, the control unit sends a command to the branch grouting valve group and adjusts the output of the drive motor 72, which drives the grouting pump 621 to operate through the second reducer 75. The curing material in the grout storage tank 622 is distributed to the grouting pump 621 of each compensation device through the main grout supply pipe and the branch grouting valve group. The grouting pump 621 pressurizes the curing material and injects it into the grouting channel 521 inside the support column 52. The curing material flows along the grouting channel 521 into the grouting space 54 formed by the bottom of the support column 52 and the bottom of the limiting slot 532 until the grouting space 54 is completely filled.

[0052] Post-grouting dynamic monitoring and maintenance: After grouting is completed, the control unit continues to receive data from the settlement detection unit and regularly monitors the elevation and tilt status of the approach slab 3. If the elevation of the approach slab 3 deviates due to slight settlement of the roadbed 2 in the later period, the control unit can restart the hydraulic jack 61 for a small-amplitude jacking adjustment without regrouting. When it is necessary to repair or replace parts, the support column 52 can be disassembled through the flange at the top of the support column 52, or the ball joint seat 53, hydraulic jack 61 and other parts can be maintained. During the process, the PTFE wear-resistant layer, the annular sealing ring and the elastic sealing ring between the ball joint seat 53 and the ball base 51 effectively ensure the structural stability and sealing performance. The solid lubricating coating between the support column 52 and the limit slot 532 ensures smooth movement of parts during maintenance.

[0053] This embodiment achieves dynamic, precise, and long-term compensation for the settlement of the approach slab 3, effectively solving the problems of poor adaptability and unstable support of traditional jacking technology. Moreover, the device is easy to maintain and is suitable for the settlement repair of approach slab 3 of roads and bridges that have been in service for a long time.

[0054] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology, used to adjust the settlement of an approach slab connecting one end of a bridge abutment and the other end of a roadbed, characterized in that, Multiple compensation devices are arranged in an array at the bottom of the slab. Each compensation device includes a settlement monitoring component, a rotatable support component, and a jacking grouting component. The settlement monitoring device is installed on both sides of the approach slab and is used to collect the elevation difference between the approach slab and the bridgehead or roadbed. The rotatable support includes a spherical base fixed to the foundation, a support column fixed to the bottom of the slab, and a ball joint with an arc-shaped concave surface and a limiting slot. The ball joint is connected to the top of the spherical base through an arc-shaped concave ball joint, and the bottom end of the support column is movably inserted into the limiting slot. The jacking and grouting component includes a hydraulic jack, a grout injector, and a control unit. One end of the hydraulic jack is connected to the support column, and the other end is supported on the foundation. It can push the support column to form a grouting space between the bottom of the support column and the bottom of the limiting slot. The grout injector is connected to the grouting space through a pipeline. The control unit is connected to the settlement monitoring device, the hydraulic jack, and the grout injector. It can control the jacking stroke of the hydraulic jack according to the settlement data, and control the grouting timing and grouting volume of the grout injector according to the jacking completion signal.

2. The settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In each of the aforementioned lifting grouting components, at least three hydraulic jacks are provided, and they are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the support column; The jacking grouting component also includes a fixing ring and a bearing base ring. The fixing ring is fixed to the lower outer periphery of the support column, and the bearing base ring is coaxially sleeved on the outside of the spherical base and fixedly connected to the foundation. Each of the hydraulic jacking rods is hinged between the fixing ring and the bearing base ring to form a circumferential embracing support for the support column.

3. A settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology according to claim 2, characterized in that, The jacking grouting component also includes an oil inlet ring pipe and an oil return ring pipe; the oil inlet ring pipe is connected to the oil inlet chamber of each hydraulic jack through branch pipes, and the oil return ring pipe is connected to the oil return chamber of each hydraulic jack through branch pipes.

4. A settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology according to claim 3, characterized in that, The compensation device also includes a power assembly, which comprises two coaxially linked piston pumps, a drive motor, and an oil storage tank. The drive motor is connected to the piston rods of the two piston pumps via a first reducer. The oil inlet of each piston pump is connected to the oil storage tank via a pipeline with an inlet check valve, and the oil outlet of each piston pump is connected to an inlet ring pipe via a pipeline with an outlet check valve. When the drive motor rotates forward and backward once, the two piston pumps alternately complete the oil suction-discharge action to continuously supply oil. The return ring pipe is connected to the oil storage tank via a return pipe, and the drive motor is signal-connected to the control unit.

5. A settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology according to claim 3, characterized in that, A pressure relief pipe is connected between the oil inlet ring pipe and the oil return ring pipe. A pressure relief valve is installed in series on the pressure relief pipe, and the pressure relief valve is connected to the control component via a signal.

6. A settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support column has a grouting channel extending to its bottom end face, and the grouting channel is connected to the grouting space; the grouting device includes a grouting pump and a grout storage tank, the grout inlet of the grouting pump is connected to the grout storage tank through a pipeline, and the grout outlet is connected to the top inlet of the grouting channel through a pipeline; the grouting pump and the power assembly share the same drive motor, and the drive motor is connected to the grouting pump through a second reducer.

7. A settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology according to claim 4, characterized in that, Multiple compensation devices can share the same power assembly and the same grout storage tank for their lifting and grouting components; The total output of the power assembly is connected to the branch control valve group through the main oil circuit. The branch control valve group is connected to the oil inlet ring pipe of each compensation device through the branch oil supply pipeline to adjust the hydraulic oil pressure and flow of each compensation device. The slurry storage tank is connected to the branch grouting valve group through the main slurry supply pipe, and the branch grouting valve group is connected to the slurry pump inlet of each compensation device through the branch slurry supply pipe; Both the branch control valve group and the branch grouting valve group are connected to the control components for signal control of independent jacking and grouting of different compensation devices.

8. A settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the rotatable support, a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant layer is embedded in the contact area between the arc-shaped concave surface of the ball joint and the spherical surface of the ball base; an annular sealing ring is provided on the outer periphery of the top of the ball base, and a matching elastic sealing ring is provided on the bottom of the ball joint; a solid lubricating coating is provided between the outer periphery of the support column and the inner wall of the limiting slot of the ball joint.

9. A settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The settlement monitoring device includes a laser rangefinder and a dual-axis tilt sensor. The laser rangefinder is installed on the edge areas on both sides of the approach slab via an adjustable bracket, with its detection end aligned with the pre-set elevation benchmark plate at the bridgehead and the benchmark pile on the roadbed surface, respectively. The dual-axis tilt sensor is fixed to the geometric center area at the bottom of the approach slab to detect the degree of inclination of the approach slab. Both the laser rangefinder and the dual-axis tilt sensor are connected to the data of the control device.

10. A settlement dynamic compensation device based on active lifting technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spherical base of the rotatable support is made of high-strength reinforced concrete prefabricated. The bottom of the spherical base is provided with anchor bars that extend into the foundation. The support column is made of hollow alloy steel pipe. The top of the support column is detachably connected to the bottom of the slab through a flange.

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