Supporting self-compensating station foundation pit supporting device and method

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of foundation pit construction, and discloses a supporting self-compensation station foundation pit supporting device and method, which comprises: an upper supporting device and a lower supporting device; the lower supporting device is arranged directly below the upper supporting device; the lower supporting device comprises an elastic member and a push plate, and a lower supporting frame is fixed directly below the net-shaped supporting frame; wherein a plurality of flow limiting components are configured to be synchronously driven by the hydraulic assembly to slide along the hollow anchor rod towards the inner wall of the foundation pit, and the sliding displacement of each flow limiting component is independent of each other; through the hydraulic assembly and Pascal's law, the pressure change of the lower supporting device due to soil softening is approximately equivalent and relatively synchronously transmitted to the plurality of flow limiting components of the upper supporting device, which helps to promote the supporting pressure received by different height regions of the foundation pit side wall to be more uniform, is conducive to reducing soil compression deformation or disintegration caused by excessive local stress, and enhances the overall stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure belongs to the field of foundation pit construction technology, specifically relating to support equipment and methods for self-compensating railway station foundation pits. Background Technology

[0002] In subway construction, the foundation pit support of subway stations is a key link to ensure construction safety and the stability of the surrounding environment. Its core purpose is to accurately control the deformation and settlement of the surrounding soil through a series of rigorous and scientific support methods during the excavation of the foundation pit, so as to fully protect the stability and safety of the surrounding existing buildings and underground pipelines.

[0003] However, for foundation pits with unstable soil moisture in the construction area (such as during the rainy season or groundwater infiltration), the water content of the soil on the inner wall of the foundation pit changes after rainwater falls. Furthermore, due to the different amounts of rainwater, it is difficult to dynamically adjust the boundary between the upper and lower support layers in such foundation pits.

[0004] For example, in the case of a self-compensating axial force support device for subway station foundation pits, as disclosed in CN119686340A, the pressure change of the pressure plate applied by the soil pressure on the sidewall of the foundation pit triggers the drive device, which then pushes the support plate outward so that the support plate fits against the sidewall of the foundation pit.

[0005] However, when the soil moisture in the foundation pit is unstable, the soil on the sidewalls of the upper foundation pit, which originally had some support, becomes muddy when exposed to water, significantly reducing its compressive strength to the support plate. If the support plate continues to be mechanically pushed, it will damage the muddy layer structure, exacerbating the risk of instability of the foundation pit sidewalls. Furthermore, groundwater infiltration or rainfall causes significant differences in soil moisture content at different depths. The existing support device uses a uniform pushing mode, which easily causes excessive compression of the lower rigid soil, inducing crack expansion. The upper soil layer with high muddy soil has weak support, and the support plate is difficult to reach the position where it fits against the upper soil layer due to the rigidity of the lower soil layer during the pushing process, thus failing to provide effective support to the upper soil layer. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this disclosure is to provide a support device and method for self-compensating railway pit support, which solves the problem that the soil mechanical properties of the pit sidewall in the vertical direction are significantly differentiated due to unstable soil moisture (such as rainfall and seepage) (the upper layer is easy to become muddy and the lower layer is relatively hard). Under such circumstances, the use of a uniform propulsion support plate will destroy the mud layer structure of the pit sidewall.

[0007] The objective of this disclosure can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] Support equipment for self-compensating station foundation pit includes: an upper support device and a lower support device;

[0009] The upper support device includes a mesh support frame, and multiple hollow anchor rods are provided through the inner side of the mesh support frame. Multiple flow limiting components are slidably arranged between two hollow anchor rods on the same horizontal plane.

[0010] Each of the multiple flow-limiting components is connected to a hydraulic component at its end, and the other end of the hydraulic component is connected to the lower support device.

[0011] A lower support device is installed directly below the upper support device;

[0012] The lower support device includes an elastic element and a push plate. The lower support frame is fixed directly below the mesh support frame, and a push plate penetrating the lower support frame is provided on the inner side of the lower support frame. An elastic element is provided at the end of the push plate, and the elastic element is located between the hydraulic component and the push plate.

[0013] In this configuration, multiple flow-limiting components are configured to slide along the hollow anchor rod toward the inner wall of the pit, driven synchronously by the hydraulic components, and the sliding displacement of each flow-limiting component is independent of each other.

[0014] In some disclosures, a first piston rod is fixed to one end of the push plate near the lower support frame, and a hydraulic cylinder is fixed to one end of the lower support frame away from the push plate. The first piston rod is in a sealed sliding fit along the hydraulic cylinder, and the middle of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a hydraulic assembly.

[0015] In some disclosures, the hydraulic assembly includes a multi-ended pipe, a connecting pipe, and a second piston rod. A support plate is fixed to the side of the mesh support frame away from the pit, and a multi-ended pipe is provided through the inner side of the support plate. The lower end of the multi-ended pipe is oil-tightly connected to the connecting pipe, and the upper outlet of the multi-ended pipe is connected to the second piston rod.

[0016] In some disclosures, the flow-limiting component includes a horizontal plate and push blocks, with push blocks slidably disposed on the inner side of the hollow anchor rod, and a horizontal plate fixedly disposed between two push blocks on the same horizontal plane, and the horizontal plate being horizontally disposed.

[0017] In some disclosures, a flow-guiding structure is rotatably connected between the horizontal plate and the support plate, and the flow-guiding structure includes a first flow guide plate and a second flow guide plate. One end of the first flow guide plate is rotatably connected to the horizontal plate, and the other end of the first flow guide plate is rotatably connected to the second flow guide plate. A notch is provided on the side of the second flow guide plate near the first flow guide plate.

[0018] In some disclosures, the hinge point between the second guide plate and the support plate is higher than the height of the corresponding horizontal plate.

[0019] In some disclosures, a through hole is provided in the middle of both the first guide plate and the second guide plate, and a flow-dividing component is provided between the first guide plate and the second guide plate.

[0020] In some disclosures, the diversion assembly includes a connecting rope, a counterweight ball, and a support cloth. The connecting rope passes through a through hole in the first guide plate and through a through hole in the second guide plate, and a counterweight ball is fixedly connected to the end of each connecting rope. A support cloth is sewn onto the upper end of the connecting rope, and both ends of the support cloth are fixedly connected to the hinge joint of the first and second guide plates.

[0021] In some disclosures, the diameter of the counterweight ball is larger than the diameter of the through hole.

[0022] The method for supporting the foundation pit of a self-compensating railway station includes the following steps:

[0023] S1. Before it rains, place the base plate at the bottom of the subway station pit, manually push the lower support frame to the appropriate position and fix it on the base plate, and set the push plate of the lower support device to fit the inner wall of the pit.

[0024] The hollow anchor rod of the upper support device is inserted into the soil on the inner side wall of the pit to fix the upper support device and the lower support device.

[0025] S2. When the soil inside the pit becomes muddy, causing the reaction force on the push plate to decrease, the elastic element extends and pushes the first piston rod to slide inside the oil cylinder.

[0026] After being pressurized, the damping fluid in the cylinder enters the multi-head pipe through the connecting pipe, and transmits the equivalent pressure to all the second piston rods through Pascal's law.

[0027] S3. The second piston rod synchronously drives multiple flow-limiting components to slide along the hollow anchor rod towards the inner wall of the foundation pit. The sliding displacement of each flow-limiting component is independent. The pusher pushes the horizontal plate to be inserted horizontally into the soil, forming a stepped distribution with a deeper upper part and a shallower lower part, and dividing the soil on the inner wall of the foundation pit into multiple layers.

[0028] S4. When the horizontal plate is deeply inserted, the first guide plate and the second guide plate are parallel, and the diversion component is attached to the gap to block the mud from flowing down; and mud accumulation is formed on the horizontal plate to limit the loss of mud with high water content.

[0029] When the horizontal plate is shallowly inserted, the counterweight ball of the diversion component pulls down the connecting rope, causing the middle of the support cloth to bulge upward, diverting the mud above the support cloth to both sides and guiding the mud to flow to the bottom of the pit.

[0030] The explanations of the nouns, conjunctions, or adjectives used in the above technical solutions are as follows:

[0031] A fixed connection refers to a connection in which parts or components are fixed in place and there is no relative movement between them;

[0032] A rotating connection is a connection between parts that allows the parts to rotate relative to each other.

[0033] Threaded connections are a type of detachable fixed connection with advantages such as simple structure, reliable connection, and convenient assembly and disassembly. They are widely used in mechanical engineering and connection structure fields.

[0034] A sliding connection is a connection between parts that allows the parts to slide against each other.

[0035] The beneficial effects of this disclosure are:

[0036] 1. Through hydraulic components and Pascal's law, the pressure changes caused by soil softening (such as mud formation in the lower support device) are transmitted approximately equally and relatively synchronously to multiple flow-limiting components of the upper support device. These flow-limiting components are inserted into the pit, dividing the pit sidewall into multiple segments in the height direction. The flow-limiting components are fluid-driven, so the force of multiple flow-limiting components inserted into the substrate is the same. This helps to promote a more uniform support pressure on different height areas of the pit sidewall. This mechanism helps to reduce the risk of soil compression deformation or collapse that may be caused by excessive local stress concentration, and plays a positive role in maintaining the original soil structure of the pit wall and enhancing overall stability.

[0037] 2. When the soil at different depths of the foundation pit sidewall has different hardness due to different moisture content (e.g., the upper layer is wet and soft, while the lower layer is relatively dry and hard), the flow-limiting component, under the same thrust transmitted by the hydraulic component, will insert into the foundation pit sidewall to different depths due to the difference in soil reaction force. In softer soil (higher moisture content), the flow-limiting component can be inserted deeper; in harder soil (lower moisture content), it is inserted shallower, automatically forming a stepped distribution from top to bottom, making the support force more in line with the actual soil conditions and providing more reasonable support. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the single-sided upper support device and lower support device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] Figure 3 This is an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure from another direction;

[0042] Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure behind the hidden support plate in an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the drainage structure according to an embodiment of this disclosure;

[0044] Figure 6 This is an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the exploded structure;

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lower support device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] In the diagram: 1. Upper support device; 2. Lower support device; 21. Elastic element; 22. Push plate; 221. First piston rod; 3. Mesh support frame; 4. Hollow anchor rod;

[0047] 5. Current limiting component; 51. Horizontal plate; 52. Push block;

[0048] 6. Hydraulic components; 61. Multi-ended pipe; 62. Connecting pipe; 63. Second piston rod;

[0049] 7. Lower support frame; 71. Hydraulic cylinder;

[0050] 8. Support plate;

[0051] 9. Flow diversion structure; 91. First guide plate; 92. Second guide plate; 93. Notch; 94. Flow splitting component;

[0052] 941. Connecting rope; 942. Counterweight ball; 943. Supporting cloth; 944. Through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this disclosure, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0054] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 Support equipment and methods for self-compensating station foundation pits, including: upper support device 1 and lower support device 2;

[0055] The upper support device 1 includes a mesh support frame 3, and multiple hollow anchor rods 4 are provided through the inner side of the mesh support frame 3. Multiple flow limiting components 5 are slidably arranged between two hollow anchor rods 4 on the same horizontal plane.

[0056] The ends of multiple flow-limiting components 5 are all connected to hydraulic components 6, and the other end of hydraulic components 6 is connected to the lower support device 2;

[0057] A lower support device 2 is provided directly below the upper support device 1;

[0058] The lower support device 2 includes an elastic element 21 and a push plate 22. The lower support frame 7 is fixed directly below the mesh support frame 3, and the inner side of the lower support frame 7 is provided with a push plate 22 that penetrates the lower support frame 7. The end of the push plate 22 is provided with an elastic element 21, and the elastic element 21 is located between the hydraulic component 6 and the push plate 22.

[0059] Among them, multiple flow-limiting components 5 are configured to slide along the hollow anchor rod 4 towards the inner wall of the pit by being synchronously driven by the hydraulic component 6, and the sliding displacement of each flow-limiting component 5 is independent of each other.

[0060] When in use, the push plate 22 of the lower support device 2 is attached to the inner wall of the pit, and the hollow anchor rod 4 of the upper support device 1 is inserted into the inner side of the pit, so that both the upper support device 1 and the lower support device 2 are attached to and fixed to the inner wall of the pit. At the same time, the lower support device 2 and the upper support device 1 are connected by the hydraulic component 6.

[0061] After rain, the soil moisture content on the surface of the excavation pit increases, and rainwater flows downwards along the edge of the pit and seeps into the soil on the inner wall of the pit. Since the rainwater has been absorbed by the upper soil layer before flowing into the bottom of the pit, the moisture content of the upper soil layer increases, while the moisture content of the lower soil layer is lower than that of the upper layer. When rainwater flows through the lower inner wall of the pit, it will cause the hard mud layer on the inner wall of the pit to transform into a mud layer, thereby reducing the reaction force of the inner wall of the mud pit on the lower support device 2. At this time, the elastic element in the lower support device 2... The extension of component 21 pushes the damping fluid in hydraulic component 6 upwards. Simultaneously, the other end of hydraulic component 6 connects to multiple flow-limiting components 5. According to Pascal's law, pressure applied to any point by the damping fluid in hydraulic component 6 is equally transmitted to all parts of the liquid and the container wall, thus applying equal thrust to the multiple flow-limiting components 5. These components 5 are vertically distributed, each corresponding to a different height of the foundation pit, providing balanced support for the soil conditions at their respective heights. The stress intensity is the same at each height of the foundation pit's inner wall, reducing soil compression deformation caused by excessive stress at any particular height. This uniform stress distribution maximizes the protection of the original soil structure of the foundation pit's inner wall, reducing the "hard confrontation" between the support device and the soil, and helping to reduce soil collapse caused by excessive local compression, thereby increasing the stability of the foundation pit.

[0062] When the surface soil moisture content of the foundation pit is different, the soil hardness is different, which leads to different reaction forces of the foundation pit soil on the flow limiting component 5. When multiple flow limiting components 5 move towards the inner wall of the foundation pit with the same pressure, the flow limiting component 5 corresponding to the soil with higher moisture content can be inserted into the soil more easily, while the soil with lower moisture content has a shorter insertion part, so that the flow limiting components 5 form a stepped distribution from top to bottom.

[0063] When multiple flow-limiting components 5 are simultaneously inserted into the soil on the inner wall of the foundation pit, the soil inner wall is divided into multiple layers. The flow-limiting components 5 impede the downward flow of the slurry-like soil, and the slippage of each soil layer is restricted within that layer. For the slurry-like soil, its downward flow path is cut off layer by layer. The upper layer of slurry is blocked by the top flow-limiting component 5, making it difficult to flow into the middle layer; the middle layer of slurry is intercepted by the flow-limiting components 5 located in the middle layer, preventing it from penetrating to the lower layers. This "layered locking" effect significantly reduces the overall rate and total amount of slurry loss, reducing the risk of foundation heave or sidewall hollowing caused by slurry concentrated inflow into the bottom of the foundation pit. Furthermore, dividing the soil into multiple layers effectively disperses the shear force within the soil, further improving the overall stability of the foundation pit soil. The stepped structure also allows construction personnel to visually assess the stability of the soil at different depths.

[0064] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 7 The push plate 22 is fixed with a first piston rod 221 at one end near the lower support frame 7, and the lower support frame 7 is fixed with a cylinder 71 at the other end away from the push plate 22. The first piston rod 221 is sealed and slidably fitted along the cylinder 71, and the middle part of the cylinder 71 is connected to the hydraulic assembly 6.

[0065] In use, when the soil in the pit is dry, the push plate 22 is in contact with the inner wall of the pit, and the elastic element 21 is compressed. When the soil is moist, the resistance between the pit and the push plate 22 decreases, causing the push plate 22 to move closer to the inner wall of the pit. The damping fluid is located away from the elastic element 21. When the first piston rod 221 moves away from the elastic element 21, the storage space for the damping fluid decreases, thus forcing the damping fluid into the hydraulic assembly 6. The process of the elastic element 21 pushing the damping fluid and the hydraulic assembly 6 driving the flow-limiting assembly 5 is essentially a "real-time feedback" of the device to changes in soil mechanics. The amount of extension of the elastic element 21 is adjusted accordingly to reduce the soil reaction force, causing the pressure transmitted by the damping fluid to change synchronously, so that the thrust of the flow-limiting assembly 5 always matches the required support force of the soil. This device improves the stability of the support equipment by dynamically responding to changes in soil.

[0066] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4The hydraulic assembly 6 includes a multi-ended pipe 61, a connecting pipe 62, and a second piston rod 63. A support plate 8 is fixed on the side of the mesh support frame 3 away from the pit, and a multi-ended pipe 61 is provided through the inner side of the support plate 8. The lower end of the multi-ended pipe 61 is oil-tightly connected to the connecting pipe 62, and the upper end outlet of the multi-ended pipe 61 is connected to the second piston rod 63.

[0067] In use, the end of the connecting pipe 62 furthest from the multi-ended pipe 61 is connected to the middle of the hydraulic cylinder 71. The multi-ended pipe 61 and the hydraulic cylinder 71 are connected through the connecting pipe 62. When the damping fluid in the hydraulic cylinder 71 is compressed, it enters the multi-ended pipe 61 and applies the same thrust to the second piston rod 63 at the end of the multi-ended pipe 61. When the second piston rod 63 slides horizontally along the end of the multi-ended pipe 61, it pushes the second piston rod 63 towards the side closer to the flow-limiting component 5, causing the flow-limiting component 5 to embed into the surface layer of the foundation pit soil until it is blocked by the foundation pit soil and cannot move further. At this time, since multiple second piston rods 63 are connected through the same multi-ended pipe 61, therefore... When the second piston rod 63 corresponding to soil with low moisture content cannot continue to move, the damping fluid in the multi-head pipe 61 will flow to the second piston rods 63 at other different levels. This allows the insertion depth of the flow-limiting component 5 corresponding to the second piston rod 63 at different heights to be adaptively adjusted according to the moisture content of the soil itself. Furthermore, the second piston rods 63 corresponding to the flow-limiting components 5 at different heights are relatively independent. When the flow-limiting component 5 at a certain height fails to reach the appropriate depth due to being stuck by a stone, it will have less obstruction to the insertion movement of the flow-limiting components 5 at other heights. This improves the fault tolerance and overall reliability of the support equipment of this application and helps to reduce the risk of system failure caused by local faults.

[0068] By utilizing the characteristic that the damping fluid can flow to the second piston rod 63 with less resistance within the multi-head pipe 61, the insertion depth of the flow limiting component 5 is adaptively adjusted according to the difference in soil moisture content, so that different soil layers can obtain support strength that is more matched to their state, which helps to alleviate the support adaptation problem caused by the difference in soil characteristics at different depths in deep foundation pits.

[0069] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The flow limiting component 5 includes a horizontal plate 51 and a pusher block 52. The pusher block 52 is slidably arranged on the inner side of the hollow anchor rod 4, and the horizontal plate 51 is fixedly arranged between the two pushers 52 on the same horizontal plane. The horizontal plate 51 is horizontally arranged.

[0070] In use, the end of the second piston rod 63 on the same horizontal plane away from the multi-head pipe 61 is fixedly connected to the push block 52, and the push block 52 and the end of the second piston rod 63 are located inside the hollow anchor rod 4. When the second piston rod 63 moves to the side closer to the inside of the foundation pit, the second piston rod 63 drives the push block 52 to move to the side closer to the foundation pit, and inserts the horizontal plate 51 horizontally into the soil inside the foundation pit, thereby realizing the separation of the upper foundation pit soil from the lower foundation pit soil.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 A flow guiding structure 9 is rotatably connected between the horizontal plate 51 and the support plate 8. The flow guiding structure 9 includes a first flow guiding plate 91 and a second flow guiding plate 92. One end of the first flow guiding plate 91 is rotatably connected to the horizontal plate 51, and the other end of the first flow guiding plate 91 is rotatably connected to the second flow guiding plate 92. A notch 93 is provided on the side of the second flow guiding plate 92 near the first flow guiding plate 91.

[0072] The first guide plate 91 deflects downward with the hinge point with the horizontal plate 51 as the center, while the second guide plate 92 rotates downward with the hinge point with the support plate 8 as the center. This causes the hinge point between the first guide plate 91 and the second guide plate 92 to be recessed downward. The mud above the flow limiting component 5 flows downward and is received by the horizontal plate 51 below it. Since the first guide plate 91 is inclined downward, the mud that moves onto the first guide plate 91 will flow downward along the notch 93 on the second guide plate 92 and be received by the lower flow limiting component 5. This allows the mud that falls off the inner wall of the pit to be received by the horizontal plate 51 corresponding to the area with lower soil moisture content.

[0073] Because the insertion depth of the horizontal plate 51 varies with different moisture content, the rotation angles of the first guide plate 91 and the second guide plate 92 at different heights are different, resulting in different positions of the notches 93 at different heights. The notch 93 corresponding to the flow-limiting component 5 with high moisture content is closer to the foundation pit, while the notch 93 corresponding to the soil with low moisture content is farther away from the foundation pit. Furthermore, because rainfall causes the soil moisture content to be higher in the upper layer than in the lower layer, the upper layer of mud can be received by the lower horizontal plate 51 instead of flowing directly into the bottom of the foundation pit. This helps to reduce safety hazards such as the tilting of the support device caused by the accumulation of mud directly under the support device, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the foundation pit support.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 2 The hinge point between the second guide plate 92 and the support plate 8 is higher than the height of the corresponding horizontal plate 51.

[0075] When the soil moisture content is high, the horizontal plate 51 corresponding to the soil is fully inserted into the soil. At this time, the first guide plate 91 and the second guide plate 92 are parallel. The first guide plate 91 rotates upward along the hinge with the horizontal plate 51, and the mud on the inner wall of the pit corresponding to the flow limiting component 5 flows downward to the horizontal plate 51 below it. When the mud moves to the first guide plate 91, the water in the mud flows downward or outward along the gap between the first guide plate 91 and the horizontal plate 51, which increases the accumulation height of the mud on the horizontal plate 51 and helps to limit the downward flow of the upper layer of mud with high moisture content.

[0076] Meanwhile, the second guide plate 92 can be configured as a retractable connecting plate, with both ends of the connecting plate rotatably connected to the first guide plate 91 and the support plate 8 respectively. The retractable second guide plate 92 can increase the insertion stroke of the horizontal plate 51 to adapt to soils with higher water content.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 Both the first guide plate 91 and the second guide plate 92 have through holes 944 in the middle, and a flow splitting component 94 is provided between the first guide plate 91 and the second guide plate 92.

[0078] The diversion component 94 is located directly above the notch 93. For soils with high water content, the first guide plate 91 and the second guide plate 92 are arranged in parallel. At this time, the diversion component 94 is attached to the upper surface of the first guide plate 91 and the second guide plate 92, and further restricts the mud from passing through the notch 93. This is beneficial for limiting the mud from passing through the notch 93 when the mud flow rate is high. At the same time, the support cloth 943 is connected to the first guide plate 91 and the second guide plate 92 in a non-sealed manner, so that when the liquid in the mud is much larger than the solid, the liquid can flow out from the gap between the support cloth 943 and the first guide plate 91 and the second guide plate 92, thereby keeping the mud solids on the horizontal plate.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The diversion assembly 94 includes a connecting rope 941, a counterweight ball 942, and a support cloth 943. The connecting rope 941 passes through the through hole 944 on the first guide plate 91 and through the through hole 944 on the second guide plate 92. The end of the connecting rope 941 is fixedly connected to the counterweight ball 942. The upper end of the connecting rope 941 is sewn with the support cloth 943, and both ends of the support cloth 943 are fixedly connected to the hinge joint of the first guide plate 91 and the second guide plate 92.

[0080] In the flow-limiting component 5 for soil with low water content, the hinge of the first guide plate 91 and the second guide plate 92 in the end diversion component 94 is recessed downwards. At this time, the distance between the through holes 944 on the first guide plate 91 and the second guide plate 92 becomes smaller. At this time, the counterweight balls 942 at both ends of the connecting rope 941 slide downwards to form a crossbeam support, and the middle part of the support cloth 943 bulges upwards while the two sides are inclined downwards. The mud on the support cloth 943 slides downwards along the two sides of the support cloth 943 until it flows into the bottom of the foundation pit. Since the soil with low water content has poor fluidity, it is not necessary to pile it on the cross plate 51. It is guided to the bottom of the foundation pit by the diversion component 94.

[0081] The support cloth 943 and connecting rope 941 are made of flexible materials. When the connecting rope 941 is taut, the contact point between the support cloth 943 and the connecting rope 941 protrudes upwards, while the contact between the connecting rope 941 and the support cloth 943 is linear. The two ends of the support cloth 943 are respectively fixed to the connecting shaft at which the first guide plate 91 and the second guide plate 92 are rotatably connected. Therefore, when the middle of the support cloth 943 protrudes upwards, the arc of upward floating at both ends of the support cloth 943 due to the constraint of the connecting shaft is less than that at the middle of the support cloth 943. This results in the support cloth 943 forming a shape with a protruding middle and low sides, facilitating the removal of mud from the support cloth 943. The slurry flows smoothly, and the support cloth 943, made of materials such as PVC, EVA, and PU, provides a smooth flow surface for the slurry. The support cloth 943 can be formed in two forms: a central protrusion or attached to the upper surface of the first guide plate 91 and the second guide plate 92. This can guide and constrain the slurry on the flow-limiting component 5 for soils with low water content. When dealing with soils with high water content, it can send the excess slurry falling from above out of the diversion component 94 through the inclined surfaces on both sides of the support cloth 943. This allows for differentiated and efficient flow guidance for slurries formed in soils with different water contents, reducing the impact of disordered slurry flow on the stability of the foundation pit.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 5 The diameter of the counterweight ball 942 is larger than the diameter of the through hole 944.

[0083] To restrict the counterweight ball 942 from passing through the through hole 944, and to prevent the distance between the two through holes 944 from changing when the first guide plate 91 and the second guide plate 92 tilt, the counterweight ball 942 applies a downward tension to the connecting rope 941, causing the connecting rope 941 to quickly taut. This ensures that the support cloth 943 can respond promptly to changes in the angle of the guide plate and switch to the corresponding working mode, improving the dynamic response speed of the diversion component 94 to changes in soil conditions.

[0084] The self-compensating railway pit support equipment and method provided by the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0085] S1. Before it rains, place the base plate at the bottom of the subway station pit, manually push the lower support frame 7 to a suitable position and fix it on the base plate, and set the push plate 22 of the lower support device 2 to fit the inner wall of the pit.

[0086] The hollow anchor rod 4 of the upper support device 1 is inserted into the soil on the inner side wall of the foundation pit to fix the upper support device 1 and the lower support device 2.

[0087] S2. When the soil inside the pit becomes muddy, causing the reaction force on the push plate 22 to decrease, the elastic element 21 extends and pushes the first piston rod 221 to slide inside the oil cylinder 71.

[0088] After the damping fluid in the cylinder 71 is pressurized, it enters the multi-head pipe 61 through the connecting pipe 62 and transmits the equivalent pressure to all the second piston rods 63 through Pascal's law.

[0089] S3 and the second piston rod 63 synchronously drive multiple flow limiting components 5 to slide along the hollow anchor rod 4 towards the inner wall of the foundation pit. The sliding displacement of each flow limiting component 5 is independent. The pusher block 52 pushes the horizontal plate 51 to be inserted horizontally into the soil, forming a stepped distribution that is deep at the top and shallow at the bottom, and dividing the soil on the inner wall of the foundation pit into multiple layers.

[0090] S4. When the horizontal plate 51 is deeply inserted, the first guide plate 91 and the second guide plate 92 are parallel, and the diversion component 94 is attached to the notch 93 to block the mud from flowing down; and mud accumulation is formed on the horizontal plate 51 to limit the loss of mud with high water content.

[0091] When the horizontal plate 51 is shallowly inserted, the counterweight ball 942 of the diversion component 94 pulls down the connecting rope 941, causing the middle part of the support cloth 943 to bulge upward, diverting the mud above the support cloth 943 to both sides and guiding the mud to flow to the bottom of the pit.

[0092] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this disclosure. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0093] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this disclosure. Those skilled in the art should understand that this disclosure is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this disclosure. Various changes and modifications can be made to this disclosure without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of this disclosure as claimed.

Claims

1. A self-compensating station foundation pit support device, characterized in that, include: Upper support device (1) and lower support device (2); The upper support device (1) includes a mesh support frame (3), and multiple hollow anchor rods (4) are provided through the inner side of the mesh support frame (3). Multiple flow limiting components (5) are slidably arranged between two hollow anchor rods (4) on the same horizontal plane. Each of the multiple flow-limiting components (5) is connected to a hydraulic component (6) at its end, and the other end of the hydraulic component (6) is connected to the lower support device (2). A lower support device (2) is provided directly below the upper support device (1). The lower support device (2) includes an elastic element (21) and a push plate (22). A lower support frame (7) is fixed directly below the mesh support frame (3), and a push plate (22) penetrating the lower support frame (7) is provided on the inner side of the lower support frame (7). An elastic element (21) is provided at the end of the push plate (22), and the elastic element (21) is located between the hydraulic component (6) and the push plate (22). Among them, multiple flow-limiting components (5) are configured to be synchronously driven by the hydraulic components (6) to slide along the hollow anchor rod (4) towards the inner wall of the pit, and the sliding displacement of each flow-limiting component (5) is independent of each other; The flow limiting component (5) includes a horizontal plate (51) and a push block (52). The push block (52) is slidably arranged on the inner side of the hollow anchor rod (4), and the horizontal plate (51) is fixedly arranged between the two push blocks (52) on the same horizontal plane. The horizontal plate (51) is horizontally arranged. A flow-guiding structure (9) is rotatably connected between the horizontal plate (51) and the support plate (8), and the flow-guiding structure (9) includes a first flow guide plate (91) and a second flow guide plate (92). One end of the first flow guide plate (91) is rotatably connected to the horizontal plate (51), and the other end of the first flow guide plate (91) is rotatably connected to the second flow guide plate (92). A notch (93) is provided on the side of the second flow guide plate (92) near the first flow guide plate (91). The hinge point between the second guide plate (92) and the support plate (8) is higher than the height of the corresponding horizontal plate (51); Both the first guide plate (91) and the second guide plate (92) have through holes (944) in the middle, and a flow splitting component (94) is provided between the first guide plate (91) and the second guide plate (92). The diversion assembly (94) includes a connecting rope (941), a counterweight ball (942), and a support cloth (943). The connecting rope (941) passes through the through hole (944) on the first guide plate (91) and through the through hole (944) on the second guide plate (92). The ends of the connecting rope (941) are fixedly connected to the counterweight ball (942). The upper end of the connecting rope (941) is sewn with the support cloth (943), and both ends of the support cloth (943) are fixedly connected to the hinge of the first guide plate (91) and the second guide plate (92).

2. The self-compensating station foundation pit support equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The push plate (22) is fixed with a first piston rod (221) at one end near the lower support frame (7), and the lower support frame (7) is fixed with a cylinder (71) at one end away from the push plate (22). The first piston rod (221) is sealed and slidably fitted along the cylinder (71), and the middle part of the cylinder (71) is connected to the hydraulic assembly (6).

3. The self-compensating station foundation pit support equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hydraulic assembly (6) includes a multi-ended pipe (61), a connecting pipe (62), and a second piston rod (63). A support plate (8) is fixed on the side of the mesh support frame (3) away from the pit, and a multi-ended pipe (61) is provided through the inner side of the support plate (8). The lower end of the multi-ended pipe (61) is oil-tightly connected to the connecting pipe (62), and the upper end of the multi-ended pipe (61) is connected to the second piston rod (63).

4. The self-compensating station foundation pit support equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The diameter of the counterweight ball (942) is larger than the diameter of the through hole (944).

5. A method for supporting a self-compensating station foundation pit, based on the self-compensating station foundation pit support equipment described in claim 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Before it rains, place the base plate at the bottom of the subway station pit, move the lower support frame (7) to a suitable position by pushing it manually, and fix it on the base plate. Set the push plate (22) of the lower support device (2) to fit the inner wall of the pit. And insert the hollow anchor rod (4) of the upper support device (1) into the soil of the inner side wall of the foundation pit, so that the upper support device (1) and the lower support device (2) are fixed. S2. When the soil inside the pit becomes muddy, causing the reaction force on the push plate (22) to decrease, the elastic element (21) extends and pushes the first piston rod (221) to slide inside the oil cylinder (71); After the damping fluid in the cylinder (71) is pressurized, it enters the multi-head pipe (61) through the connecting pipe (62) and transmits the equivalent pressure to all the second piston rods (63) through Pascal's law. S3, the second piston rod (63) synchronously drives multiple flow limiting components (5) to slide along the hollow anchor rod (4) towards the inner wall of the foundation pit. The sliding displacement of each flow limiting component (5) is independent. The pusher (52) pushes the horizontal plate (51) to be inserted horizontally into the soil, forming a stepped distribution with a deeper upper part and a shallower lower part, and dividing the soil of the inner wall of the foundation pit into multiple layers. S4. When the horizontal plate (51) is deeply inserted, the first guide plate (91) and the second guide plate (92) are parallel, and the diversion component (94) is attached to the notch (93) to block the mud from flowing down. And mud accumulation is formed on the horizontal plate (51) to limit the loss of mud with high water content; When the horizontal plate (51) is shallowly inserted, the connecting rope (941) is pulled down by the counterweight ball (942) of the diversion component (94), causing the middle part of the support cloth (943) to bulge upward, diverting the mud above the support cloth (943) to both sides, and guiding the mud to flow to the bottom of the pit.

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