Mountain tunnel water seepage treatment method

Abstract

The invention discloses a mountain tunnel water seepage treatment method which solves the problems that an existing grouting plugging method is higher in construction difficulty, high in construction cost, difficult in effect evaluation and complex in follow-up maintenance and comprises the following steps that firstly, a to-be-treated area is obtained; then, preparing a soil diagenesis agent; then, obtaining to-be-used soil, cement and water, and mixing the to-be-used soil, cement and water with the soil diagenesis agent to obtain flow rock-forming soil; next, the flow state rock soil is poured on the to-be-treated area; then, the poured treatment area is subjected to watering maintenance, and a hardened treatment area is obtained; and finally, high-pressure water spraying equipment is adopted for spraying permeable crystallization on the surface of the hardened treatment area, an anti-seepage layer is formed, and mountain tunnel water seepage treatment is completed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a tunnel water seepage treatment method, in particular to a mountain tunnel water seepage treatment method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of mountain tunnel construction, when the tunnel passes through geological structure areas such as faults and folds, the rock is broken and the structure is loose, forming a good channel for groundwater migration, increasing the possibility of mountain water seepage. It seriously affects the stability and durability of the tunnel after the construction is completed, causing major safety hazards.

[0003] In some more complex geological and topographic structures, the treatment of mountain tunnel water seepage is particularly difficult. For example, at the intersection of multiple north-east structures and east-west faults, due to the interaction of the stresses of the north-east and east-west faults, the rock at the intersection is subjected to pulling and extrusion in multiple directions, and the degree of fragmentation is significantly higher than that of the surrounding rock, forming a broken zone with poor rock integrity and serious fissure development. Two different direction faults intersect here, with complex and diverse structural forms, and may exhibit various structural phenomena such as folds and fault movements, with unstable geological structure.

[0004] For example, at the intersection of east-west, northwest and northeast faults, the three direction faults cut and dislocate each other, causing the rock at the intersection to be subjected to complex stress, with extremely high degree of fragmentation, forming a large-scale broken zone. The rock is not only broken by the fissures, but also undergoes strong deformation such as twisting and folding. This type of topographic structure generally has a valley, and rainwater collects in the valley to form a catchment area. The larger the catchment area, the higher the risk of water seepage.

[0005] The main method to solve mountain water seepage at present is grouting plugging method, which fills the gaps by injecting grout into the rock joints and fissures and solidifies to form a waterproof curtain to achieve the purpose of plugging water seepage. Before construction, grouting equipment such as grouting pump and mixer needs to be accurately injected, and a construction platform needs to be set up. According to the design requirements, drilling is carried out on the rock at the top of the tunnel, and the depth, angle and spacing of the drilling are determined according to the specific conditions of the joints and fissures. After drilling is completed, the drilling needs to be cleaned, and then grouting operation is carried out. The grout needs to be uniformly dispersed into the rock joints during grouting. This method is difficult to construct, and the grouting parameters need to be accurately determined according to the geological conditions. If the parameters are not set properly, such as the control of grouting pressure and grouting amount, the grout may not spread as expected, or it may disturb the surrounding strata and cause other problems, especially for the above two special mountain structures, the construction is more difficult, and the construction cost is higher, the effect evaluation is difficult, and the subsequent maintenance is complex. SUMMARY

[0006] The application aims at solving the problems of high construction difficulty, high construction cost, difficult effect evaluation and complex subsequent maintenance of the existing grouting plugging method, and providing a mountain tunnel water seepage treatment method.

[0007] The application concept is that the soil and stone blocks are used to harden the bottom surface of the drainage channel of the tunnel top valley, instead of simply plugging the gap by grouting, so that a large amount of rainwater in the valley can be smoothly discharged, and the rainwater is prevented from gathering on the top of the tunnel during the discharge process, thereby effectively solving the tunnel water seepage problem.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and complete the above-mentioned application concept, the technical scheme adopted by the application is:

[0009] A mountain tunnel water seepage treatment method is suitable for the mountain tunnel water seepage treatment of the overlapping area between the valley bottom of the tunnel top valley and the tunnel.

[0010] Step 1, obtaining the overlapping section of the valley bottom in the overlapping area, and extending one end of the overlapping section to the upstream of the valley by a first preset distance L1, extending the other end to the downstream of the valley by a second preset distance L2, and extending the valley bottom line of the valley to the valley walls on both sides by a third preset distance L3 to obtain a treatment area.

[0011] Step 2, preparing a soil lithification agent for soil solidification and hardening;

[0012] Step 3, obtaining soil, cement and water, mixing them with the soil lithification agent to prepare flow state lithified soil;

[0013] Step 4, pouring the flow state lithified soil on the treatment area obtained in step 1, and the pouring thickness is 3-5 cm to obtain a poured treatment area;

[0014] Step 5, watering the poured treatment area for curing until the surface bearing strength is 25-30 Mpa to obtain a hardened treatment area;

[0015] Step 6, using a high-pressure water spraying device to spray and permeate the hardened treatment area to form an impermeable layer, and completing the mountain tunnel water seepage treatment.

[0016] Further, in step 1, the first preset distance L1 is inversely proportional to the slope α of the valley, and the value of the first preset distance L1 is determined according to the following rules:

[0017] When α≥60°, 50≤L1≤100 meters;

[0018] When 30°≤α<60°, 100<L1≤150 meters;

[0019] When α < 30°, 150 < L1≤ 250 meters.

[0020] Further, in step 1, the determination method of the third preset distance L3 comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1, taking the plane where the valley bottom line of the overlapping section is located as a reference surface, a horizontal plane parallel to the reference surface is obtained, and the horizontal plane is defined as a critical surface;

[0022] S2, the vertical height between the reference surface and the critical surface is a first preset height H1, and the intersection line between the critical surface and the valley wall on both sides of the valley is a width boundary line of the area to be treated, and the distance between the width boundary line and the valley bottom line is the third preset distance L3; wherein the value range of the first preset height H1 is 1-2 meters.

[0023] Further, in step 1, the value range of the second preset distance L2 is 20-30 meters.

[0024] Further, step 2 is as follows:

[0025] Step 2.1, 98-99.9 parts of Portland cement and 0.01-2 parts of alginate are obtained, mixed to obtain a powdery solidifying agent A;

[0026] Step 2.2, 92-99 parts of nano-silicon dioxide solution and 1-8 parts of polyacrylic acid elastic emulsion are obtained, mixed to obtain a liquid solidifying agent B;

[0027] Step 2.3, the powdery solidifying agent A and the liquid solidifying agent B are mixed, wherein the mass ratio of the powdery solidifying agent A to the liquid solidifying agent B is (9.2-9.99):(0.01-0.8), to obtain a soil rock-forming agent.

[0028] Further, step 3 is as follows:

[0029] Step 3.1, cement is obtained, the cement and the soil rock-forming agent are mixed in a mass ratio of (29-31):1, and are stirred uniformly to obtain a mixture;

[0030] Step 3.2, the soil to be used is obtained, and the soil to be used and the mixture are mixed in a mass ratio of (4.9-5.1):1, and are stirred uniformly to obtain a solid rock-forming soil;

[0031] Step 3.3, water is obtained, and the solid rock-forming soil and the water are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:(0.26-0.28) to obtain a liquid rock-forming soil.

[0032] Further, in step 3.2, the parameters of the soil to be used satisfy the conditions that the soil moisture content is 10%-20%, and the porosity is 20%-30%.

[0033] Further, between step 3 and step 4, step A is further included, which is to clean and flatten the stone blocks of the treatment area, and fill the low-lying areas with stone blocks.

[0034] Further, in step 6, the penetrating crystallization penetrates 2-3 cm below the surface of the hardened treatment area.

[0035] Further, in step 5, the time of water sprinkling curing is 3-4 days.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial technical effects as follows:

[0037] The present application uses mountain debris to clean and flatten the to-be-treated area of the valley, fills the low-lying areas with stone blocks to form a drainage ditch, uses mountain soil to form rock soil, and achieves the purpose of saving cost. The soil rock forming technology can effectively, quickly and smoothly collect rainwater and discharge it on the ground, and can prevent the risk of surface runoff infiltration. The soil rock forming technology can solidify soil and consolidate rock, improve the ability of the mountain surface to resist water erosion, prevent soil loss, and avoid mudslides. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 The present application is a process flow chart of a mountain tunnel water seepage treatment method; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, advantages and characteristics of the present application clearer, the following will further illustrate a mountain tunnel water seepage treatment method according to the present application in combination with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Figure 1 and specific embodiments.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] A mountain tunnel water seepage treatment method is suitable for the treatment of the intersection area of the valley bottom of the tunnel top and the tunnel, and includes the following steps:

[0042] Step 1, obtaining a to-be-treated area

[0043] Step 1.1, obtaining the intersection section of the valley bottom in the intersection area, measuring the valley slope to be about 61°, extending one end of the intersection section to the upstream of the valley by a first preset distance L1 of 100 meters, and extending the other end of the intersection section to the downstream of the valley by a second preset distance L2 of 30 meters. Generally, extending 20-30 meters to the downstream of the valley is acceptable, as long as a safe distance from the tunnel can be maintained. In this embodiment, L2 is selected to be 30 meters.

[0044] The specific value of the first preset distance L1 extending to the upstream of the valley is related to the slope of the valley. The greater the slope, the better the drainage effect and the smaller the risk of water seepage, and the shorter the distance extending to the upstream of the valley, and vice versa. The first preset distance L1 is inversely proportional to the slope α of the valley, and the value of the first preset distance L1 is determined according to the following rules:

[0045] When α≥60°, 50≤L1≤100 meters;

[0046] When 30°≤α<60°, 100<L1≤150 meters;

[0047] When α<30°, 150<L1≤250 meters.

[0048] In this embodiment, the specific value of α is 61°, and the specific value of L1 is 100 meters.

[0049] Step 1.2, taking the plane where the valley bottom line of the overlapping section is as a reference plane, a horizontal plane parallel to the reference plane is obtained, and the horizontal plane is defined as a critical plane;

[0050] Step 1.3, the vertical height between the reference plane and the critical plane (i.e. the first preset height H1) is 1 meter, the intersection line between the critical plane and the valley walls on both sides of the valley is the width boundary line of the area to be treated, the distance between the width boundary line and the valley bottom line (i.e. the third preset distance L3) is 2 meters, and the slope of the valley walls on both sides of the valley is 30°. The vertical height between the reference plane and the critical plane is generally between 1-2 meters, which can be determined according to the local rainfall or the water depth.

[0051] Step 2, preparing a soil rock-forming agent.

[0052] Step 2.1, obtaining 98 parts of Portland cement and 2 parts of alginate, mixing the two to obtain a powdery solidifying agent A;

[0053] Step 2.2, obtaining 92 parts of nano-silicon dioxide solution and 8 parts of polyacrylic acid elastic emulsion, mixing the two to obtain a liquid solidifying agent B;

[0054] Step 2.3, mixing the powdery solidifying agent A and the liquid solidifying agent B, wherein the mass ratio of the powdery solidifying agent A to the liquid solidifying agent B is 9.2:0.8, to obtain the soil rock-forming agent.

[0055] Step 3, preparing rock soil

[0056] Step 3.1, obtaining cement, mixing the cement and the soil rock-forming agent according to a mass ratio of 30:1, and stirring uniformly to obtain a mixture;

[0057] Step 3.2 obtains the soil to be used, the soil has a water content of 10% to 20% and a porosity of 20% to 30%, and the soil to be used is mixed with the mixture at a mass ratio of 5:1, and is stirred uniformly to obtain solid rock-forming soil;

[0058] Step 3.3 mixes the solid rock-forming soil with water at a mass ratio of 1:0.27 to obtain fluid rock-forming soil.

[0059] Step 4, the fluid rock-forming soil is poured on the treatment area, the pouring thickness is 3cm, and the poured treatment area is obtained; during pouring, after the fluid rock-forming soil fills the gap, the pouring thickness is continuously increased by 3cm, the pouring range meets the requirement of preventing water seepage, and the construction cost is low. The pouring thickness is generally 3-5cm.

[0060] Step 5, the poured treatment area is watered for 3 days, the watering amount is kept to keep the surface of the treatment area wet, until the surface bearing strength is 25-30Mpa, and the hardened treatment area is obtained.

[0061] Step 6, a high-pressure water spraying device is used to spray and penetrate the crystallization on the surface of the hardened treatment area, the penetration crystallization penetrates into the treatment area below 2cm, forms an anti-seepage layer, and completes the water seepage treatment of the mountain tunnel.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] The example 2 of the present application is basically the same as the example 1, and the main difference is that:

[0064] Step 1, the value of a is 35°, the value of L1 is 120m, the value of L2 is 25m, the value of H1 is 1.5m, the slope of the valley wall on both sides of the valley is 45°, and the value of L3 is 2.2m.

[0065] Step 2, the soil rock-forming agent is prepared.

[0066] Step 2.1, 99.9 parts of Portland cement and 0.01 parts of alginate are obtained, and the two are mixed to obtain a powdery solidifying agent A;

[0067] Step 2.2, 99 parts of nano-silicon dioxide solution and 1 part of polyacrylic acid elastic emulsion are obtained, and the two are mixed to obtain a liquid solidifying agent B;

[0068] Step 2.3, the powdery solidifying agent A and the liquid solidifying agent B are mixed, and the mass ratio of the powdery solidifying agent A to the liquid solidifying agent B is 9.99:0.01, to obtain a soil rock-forming agent.

[0069] Step 3.1, the cement is obtained, and the cement and the soil rock-forming agent are mixed at a mass ratio of 29:1, and are stirred uniformly to obtain a mixture;

[0070] Step 3.2, obtain the soil to be used, mix the soil to be used with the mixture in a mass ratio of 4.9:1, and stir uniformly to obtain solid rock-forming soil;

[0071] Step 3.3, obtain water, mix the solid rock-forming soil with water in a mass ratio of 1:0.26 to obtain fluid rock-forming soil.

[0072] Step 4, pour the fluid rock-forming soil on the treatment area, and the pouring thickness is 4.5 cm.

[0073] Step 5, water conservation for 4 days to obtain a hardened treatment area.

[0074] Step 6, use a high-pressure water spraying device to spray and penetrate the crystalline on the surface of the hardened treatment area, and the penetration crystalline penetrates into the treatment area below 3 cm, forming an impermeable layer, and completing the mountain tunnel water treatment.

[0075] The other parts not mentioned are the same as those in Example 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0076] Example 3

[0077] Example 3 of the present application is basically the same as Example 1, and the main difference is:

[0078] Step 1, the value of a is 25°, the value of L1 is 160 meters, the value of L2 is 30 meters, the value of H1 is 2 meters, the slope of the valley wall on both sides of the valley is 60°, and the value of L3 is 2.3 meters.

[0079] Step 2, prepare the soil rock-forming agent.

[0080] Step 2.1, obtain 98.9 parts of Portland cement and 0.11 parts of alginate, mix them to obtain a powdery solidifying agent A;

[0081] Step 2.2, obtain 95.5 parts of nano-silicon dioxide solution and 3.5 parts of polyacrylic acid elastic emulsion, mix them to obtain a liquid solidifying agent B;

[0082] Step 2.3, mix the powdery solidifying agent A and the liquid solidifying agent B, wherein the mass ratio of the powdery solidifying agent A to the liquid solidifying agent B is 9.45:0.35, to obtain a soil rock-forming agent.

[0083] Step 3.1, obtain cement, mix the cement with the soil rock-forming agent in a mass ratio of 31:1, and stir uniformly to obtain a mixture;

[0084] Step 3.2, obtain the soil to be used, mix the soil to be used with the mixture in a mass ratio of 5.1:1, and stir uniformly to obtain solid rock-forming soil;

[0085] Step 3.3, water is obtained, and the solid rock soil is mixed with water according to the mass ratio of 1:0.28 to obtain the fluid rock soil.

[0086] Step 4, the fluid rock soil is poured on the treatment area with a pouring thickness of 5cm.

[0087] Step 5, water curing for 3.5 days to obtain the hardened treatment area.

[0088] Step 6, using high-pressure water spraying equipment, the permeable crystal is sprayed on the surface of the hardened treatment area, the permeable crystal penetrates into the surface of the treatment area below 2.6cm to form an impermeable layer, and the mountain tunnel water treatment is completed.

[0089] The other parts not mentioned are the same as those in Example 1, and will not be repeated here.

[0090] The present application uses mountain rock to clean and flatten the valley treatment area, fills the low-lying place with stone blocks to seal, and forms a drainage ditch. The mountain soil is used to prepare rock soil, which saves the cost. The soil rock technology forms a ditch in the valley, which can effectively, quickly and smoothly collect rainwater and discharge it on the ground, and eliminate the risk of surface runoff infiltration. The soil rock technology solidifies the soil and consolidates the rock, improves the ability of the mountain surface to resist water erosion, prevents soil loss, and avoids mudslides.

[0091] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present application, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0092] In the description of the present application, it should be pointed out that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection, it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection, it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, it can be the communication inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0093] In the description of the present application, it should be pointed out that the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0094] It should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples can be modified, or some or all of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for treating seepage in mountain tunnels, applicable to seepage treatment in mountain tunnels where the valley floor and the tunnel overlap; characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Obtain the overlapping section of the valley bottom in the overlapping area, extend one end of the overlapping section upstream of the valley by a first preset distance L1, and extend the other end downstream of the valley by a second preset distance L2. Using the valley bottom line as the baseline, extend the valley walls on both sides of the valley by a third preset distance L3 respectively to obtain the area to be treated. Step 2: Prepare a soil-forming agent to solidify and harden the soil; Step 3: Obtain the soil, cement, and water to be used, and mix them with the soil rock-forming agent to prepare a fluid rock-forming soil. Step 4: Pour the fluidized rock-forming soil into the area to be treated as described in Step 1, with a pouring thickness of 3-5 cm, to obtain the treated area after pouring; Step 5: Sprinkle water on the treated area after pouring until its surface compressive strength is 25-30 MPa, and the treated area is hardened. Step 6: Use high-pressure water spraying equipment to spray and crystallize the hardened treatment area surface to form an impermeable layer, thus completing the water seepage treatment of the mountain tunnel.

2. The method for treating seepage in mountain tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the first preset distance L1 is inversely proportional to the slope α of the valley, and the value of the first preset distance L1 is determined according to the following rules: When α ≥ 60°, 50 ≤ L1 ≤ 100 meters; When 30°≤α<60°, 100<L1≤150 meters; When α < 30°, 150 < L1 ≤ 250 meters.

3. The method for treating seepage in mountain tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 1, the method for determining the third preset distance L3 includes the following steps: S1. Using the plane where the valley bottom line of the overlapping segment is located as the reference plane, obtain a horizontal plane parallel to it, and define this horizontal plane as the critical plane; S2. Obtain the vertical height between the reference plane and the critical plane as the first preset height H1. Then, the intersection line between the critical plane and the valley walls on both sides of the valley is the width boundary line of the area to be treated. The distance between the width boundary line and the valley bottom line is the third preset distance L3. The value range of the first preset height H1 is 1-2 meters.

4. The method for treating seepage in mountain tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step 1, the second preset distance L2 is in the range of 20-30 meters.

5. The method for treating seepage in mountain tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 2 is as follows: Step 2.1: Obtain 98-99.9 parts of silicate cement and 0.01-2 parts of alginate, mix the two together to obtain powdered curing agent A; Step 2.2: Obtain 92-99 parts of nano-silica solution and 1-8 parts of polyacrylic acid elastic emulsion, mix the two to obtain liquid curing agent B; Step 2.3: Mix powdered curing agent A and liquid curing agent B, wherein the mass ratio of powdered curing agent A to liquid curing agent B is (9.2~9.99):(0.01~0.8), to obtain soil diagenetic agent.

6. The method for treating seepage in mountain tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 3 specifically involves: Step 3.1: Obtain cement and mix it with the soil diagenetic agent at a mass ratio of (29-31):

1. Stir well to obtain a mixture. Step 3.2: Obtain the soil to be used, mix the soil to be used with the mixture at a mass ratio of (4.9~5.1):1, stir evenly to obtain solid rock-forming soil; Step 3.3: Obtain water. Mix solid rock-forming soil with water at a mass ratio of 1:(0.26~0.28) to obtain fluid rock-forming soil.

7. The method for treating seepage in mountain tunnels according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step 3.2, the parameters of the soil to be used must meet the following conditions: soil moisture content is 10%–20%, and porosity is 20%–30%.

8. The method for treating seepage in mountain tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: Between step 3 and step 4, there is also step A, which involves cleaning and leveling the stones in the treatment area and filling low-lying areas with stones to seal them.

9. The method for treating seepage in mountain tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 6, the penetrating crystals penetrate 2-3 cm below the surface of the hardened treated area.

10. The method for treating seepage in mountain tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 5, the curing time for the drainage system is 3 to 4 days.

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