Method and structure for rebuilding deep diving space based on tunnel temporary working well

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste well reconstruction engineering, and provides a method and structure for reconstructing a deep diving space based on a tunnel temporary working well, and the method for reconstructing the deep diving space based on the tunnel temporary working well comprises the steps that a bottom plate is built at the bottom of the existing tunnel temporary working well, and a translation channel between the tunnel temporary working well and a main track tunnel is blocked; dividing the tunnel temporary working well into an underground middle diving area and an underground deep diving area along the depth direction of the tunnel temporary working well; a main body structure side wall is built in the underground submerged area; a cylindrical lining is built in the underground deep diving area, and backfilling reinforcement is conducted on the outer side of the cylindrical lining; the outer surfaces of the main body structure side wall and the cylindrical lining are coated with cement-based capillary crystalline paint, and a water stop strip is arranged at the junction of the underground middle diving area and the underground deep diving area; a support and a wall body are built on the ground of the tunnel temporary working well, and an overground shallow water area is defined by the support and the wall body. Reconstruction from the abandoned working well to the multifunctional deep diving space is achieved through structure transformation and function partitioning.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste well reconstruction engineering, in particular to a method and structure for reconstructing a deep diving space based on a temporary working well of a tunnel. BACKGROUND

[0002] At present, after the construction of a traditional intercity railway shield tunnel is completed, the disposal method of the temporary working well generally adopts a backfilling and abandoning scheme, which leads to permanent waste of underground space resources with high construction cost in the early stage. In recent years, the construction of indoor deep diving halls mainly relies on two new construction modes: shield machine underground excavation forming or ground pouring of deep water pools, both of which have the following problems: First, resource waste, backfilling of the working well leads to abandonment of the reinforced concrete structure and deep underground space resources, which conflicts with urban intensive development, and similar deep diving facilities are repeatedly constructed, which aggravates resource consumption. Second, high cost, new deep diving facilities need to build super deep structures from zero, shield excavation or mass concrete pouring makes the cost of a single project high, much higher than the cost of existing structure reconstruction. Moreover, existing diving pools generally adopt single depth design, without hierarchical functional area setting according to diving training requirements, which leads to mixed use of shallow water experience area and deep water competition area, insufficient space utilization, and high constant temperature energy consumption. In addition, there is a lack of reliable isolation design between the newly built deep diving facilities and the adjacent operating tunnel, which may cause leakage under full water load, threatening the safety of the railway structure. The above defects seriously restrict the popularization of deep diving sports and the utilization of urban underground space resources, and an economic, functional and safe solution is urgently needed. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to at least solve the technical problem in the related art that the disposal method of the temporary working well after the construction of a traditional intercity railway shield tunnel is completed is usually backfilling and abandoning, which leads to permanent waste of underground space resources with high construction cost in the early stage.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present application is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, the application provides a method for reconstructing a deep diving space based on a tunnel temporary working well, comprising: building a reinforced concrete bottom plate at the bottom of an existing tunnel temporary working well, blocking the translation channel between the tunnel temporary working well and the main line tunnel, and safely isolating the tunnel temporary working well; dividing the tunnel temporary working well into an underground medium diving area and an underground deep diving area along the depth direction of the tunnel temporary working well; building a main structure side wall in the underground medium diving area to structurally reinforce the underground medium diving area; building a cylindrical lining in the underground deep diving area and backfilling and reinforcing outside the cylindrical lining to structurally reinforce the underground deep diving area; brushing cement-based permeable crystalline coating on the outer surface of the main structure side wall and the cylindrical lining, and setting a water stop at the junction of the underground medium diving area and the underground deep diving area to waterproof the tunnel temporary working well; building a support and a wall on the ground of the tunnel temporary working well, and enclosing a shallow water area on the ground by using the support and the wall to expand the tunnel temporary working well.

[0005] The method for reconstructing a deep diving space based on a tunnel temporary working well provided by the application realizes the upgrading of a discarded tunnel temporary working well to a multifunctional deep diving space structure through the technical reconstruction of "structure transformation, functional partition, and safety guarantee", and specifically includes: structural reinforcement and isolation, building a 1.5m-thick reinforced concrete bottom plate at the bottom of the well to block the original shield translation channel; underground medium diving area, with a depth of 7m-24m, relying on the well wall to build a 0.6m-thick reinforced side wall; underground deep diving area, with a depth of 24m-66m, using a slip form method to build a cylindrical lining, with an outer diameter of 8.6m and an inner diameter of 7.6m, backfilling fluidized solidified soil outside the cylindrical lining, and brushing cement-based permeable crystalline coating for waterproofing. Vertical functional partitioning, building a steel structure support and an acrylic wall on the ground to enclose a shallow water area on the ground, arranged from top to bottom, with the first stage area having a depth of 1.2m, serving as a water play pool and a novice training area; the second stage area and the third stage area having a depth of 1.2m-7m, serving as mermaid and water dance training and competition areas; the underground space is divided into: the fourth stage area having a depth of 7m-12m, serving as a free diving and scuba diving area; the fifth stage area having a depth of 12m-24m, serving as a three-star free diving area; and the sixth stage area having a depth of more than 24m, serving as a professional competition area. In addition, the method for reconstructing a deep diving space based on a tunnel temporary working well also performs waterproofing, specifically self-waterproofing of the deep diving space structure, cement-based coating outside the deep diving space structure, and a water stop at the junction of the underground deep diving area, to realize the waterproofing function of the deep and shallow space structure; a constant temperature control system, which maintains a constant water temperature by using a ground source heat pump; and a safety protection system, including a retractable protective net at a depth of 40m, full-coverage underwater monitoring equipment, and an underwater emergency lifting device. The application breaks through the cost and space constraints of deep diving facility construction through the innovative design of "resource utilization of discarded structures, modularization of functional scenes, and globalization of safety protection", and provides a standardized path for low-carbon regeneration of urban underground space.

[0006] In a second aspect, the application provides a deep diving space structure reconstructed from a tunnel temporary working well. The deep diving space structure is reconstructed according to the method for reconstructing a deep diving space based on a tunnel temporary working well in the above-mentioned solution. The deep diving space structure comprises: a tunnel temporary working well, which comprises an underground medium diving area and an underground deep diving area, and the underground medium diving area is located at the upper part of the underground deep diving area; a blocking structure, which is arranged at the bottom of the tunnel temporary working well and is used for blocking and isolating the translation channel between the tunnel temporary working well and the main line tunnel; a surrounding structure, which is arranged around the underground medium diving area and is used for reinforcing the side wall of the underground medium diving area; a lining structure, which is arranged around the underground deep diving area and is used for reinforcing the side wall of the underground deep diving area; a waterproof structure, which comprises a cement-based capillary crystalline coating coated on the outer surface of the surrounding structure and the lining structure, and a water stop strip arranged at the junction between the underground medium diving area and the underground deep diving area; and an above-ground shallow water area, which is arranged at the upper part of the tunnel temporary working well and is in communication with the tunnel temporary working well. The above-ground shallow water area comprises a support and a wall, and the support and the wall are enclosed to form the above-ground shallow water area.

[0007] The deep diving space structure reconstructed from the tunnel temporary working well provided by the application is reconstructed according to the method for reconstructing a deep diving space based on a tunnel temporary working well in the above-mentioned solution, and therefore has all the beneficial effects of the method for reconstructing a deep diving space based on a tunnel temporary working well. Here, no further description is given.

[0008] Additional aspects and advantages of the application will become apparent from the following description of the application with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0009] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the application will become apparent and be readily understood by considering the following detailed description, including the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 A flowchart of the method for reconstructing a deep diving space based on a tunnel temporary working well according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a deep diving space structure according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of a deep diving space structure according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a deep diving space structure according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of a deep diving space structure according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 5 A structural schematic diagram of a deep diving space structure according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of a deep diving space structure according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of a deep diving space structure according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of a deep diving space structure according to an embodiment of the application; Figure 7 A structural schematic diagram of a deep diving space structure according to an embodiment of the application;Figure 4 A-D cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the deep diving space structure of the embodiment shown; Figure 8 For Figure 4 E-E cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the deep diving space structure of the embodiment shown; Figure 9 Structure schematic diagram two of the deep diving space structure of an embodiment of the present application.

[0010] Among them, Figures 2 to 9 The correspondence between the reference signs and the component names in the drawings is as follows: 200 deep diving space structure, 210 temporary working shaft, 212 underground diving area, 214 fourth step area, 215 fifth step area, 216 underground deep diving area, 218 sixth step area, 220 plugging structure, 230 enclosure structure, 240 lining structure, 250 waterproof structure, 252 cement-based capillary crystalline coating, 254 waterstop, 260 above-ground shallow water area, 262 support, 264 wall, 266 first step area, 268 second step area, 269 third step area, 270 constant temperature control system, 272 water circulation filtration system, 274 telescopic protective net, 276 underwater monitoring equipment, 280 underwater emergency lifting device, 282 fixed end, 284 water area movable end, 300 main line tunnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] In order to enable the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application to be more clearly understood, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0012] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, but the present application can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0013] The method for reconstructing a deep diving space based on a temporary working shaft of a tunnel and the deep diving space structure 200 reconstructed from a temporary working shaft of a tunnel according to some embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to Figures 1 to 9

[0014] As Figures 1 to 9 shown, Figure 1 Flow chart of the method for reconstructing a deep diving space based on a temporary working shaft of a tunnel according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 Structure schematic diagram one of the deep diving space structure 200 according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 For Figure 2 A-A cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the deep diving space structure 200 of the embodiment shown; Figure 4 ​A sectional view of a deep diving space structure 200 according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 A sectional view of a deep diving space structure 200 according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A sectional view of a deep diving space structure 200 according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 A sectional view of a deep diving space structure 200 according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A sectional view of a deep diving space structure 200 according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 A sectional view of a deep diving space structure 200 according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A sectional view of a deep diving space structure 200 according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 A sectional view of a deep diving space structure 200 according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A sectional view of a deep diving space structure 200 according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 9 A sectional view of a deep diving space structure 200 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0015] According to a first aspect of the present application, as shown in Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 , an embodiment of the present application provides a method for reconstructing a deep diving space based on a tunnel temporary working well, comprising: building a reinforced concrete bottom plate at the bottom of an existing tunnel temporary working well, blocking a translation passage between the tunnel temporary working well and a main tunnel, and safely isolating the tunnel temporary working well; dividing the tunnel temporary working well into an underground medium diving area and an underground deep diving area along the depth direction of the tunnel temporary working well; building a main structure side wall at the underground medium diving area to structurally reinforce the underground medium diving area; building a cylindrical lining at the underground deep diving area and backfilling and reinforcing outside the cylindrical lining to structurally reinforce the underground deep diving area; brushing cement-based permeable crystalline coating on the outer surfaces of the main structure side wall and the cylindrical lining, and setting a water stop at the junction between the underground medium diving area and the underground deep diving area to waterproof the tunnel temporary working well; building a support and a wall on the ground of the tunnel temporary working well, and enclosing a shallow water area on the ground by using the support and the wall to expand the tunnel temporary working well.

[0016] Specifically, as shown in Figure 1 , an embodiment of the present application further provides a method for reconstructing a deep diving space based on a tunnel temporary working well, the method comprising: Step 102, building a reinforced concrete bottom plate at the bottom of an existing tunnel temporary working well, blocking a translation passage between the tunnel temporary working well and a main tunnel, and safely isolating the tunnel temporary working well; Step 104, dividing the tunnel temporary working well into an underground medium diving area and an underground deep diving area along the depth direction of the tunnel temporary working well; Step 106, building a main structure side wall at the underground medium diving area to structurally reinforce the underground medium diving area; Step 108: Construct a cylindrical lining in the deep underground submerged area and backfill and reinforce the outside of the cylindrical lining to structurally reinforce the deep underground submerged area; Step 110: Apply cement-based penetrating crystalline coating to the outer surface of the main structure sidewalls and cylindrical lining, and install water-stop strips at the junction of the underground intermediate and deep underground zones to waterproof the temporary working shaft of the tunnel. Step 112: Construct a support frame and walls on the ground of the temporary working shaft in the tunnel, and use the support frame and walls to enclose a shallow water area on the ground to expand the temporary working shaft on the ground.

[0017] Specifically, in step 102, a reinforced concrete base slab with a thickness ≥1.5m is constructed to seal the horizontal movement channel, severing the physical connection between the temporary working shaft and the operating tunnel, eliminating the risk of water seepage into the main tunnel, and achieving structural safety isolation. In step 104, the shaft is divided into a mid-depth underground zone and a deep underground zone according to depth, providing a zoning foundation for subsequent differentiated reinforcement. In step 106, the main structural sidewalls are constructed in the mid-depth underground zone, with a thickness ≥0.6m, enhancing the lateral pressure resistance of the shallow shaft wall and preventing deformation of the shaft due to water and soil pressure. In step 108, a cylindrical lining is constructed in the deep underground zone using the slipform method, with an outer diameter of 8.6m and an inner diameter of 7.6m, and backfilled with fluidized solidified soil to form a concentric circular bearing structure, improving the stability and impermeability of the deep structure. In step 110, a cement-based penetrating crystalline coating forms an external waterproof layer, which, combined with the waterstop strip at the junction, constitutes a dual barrier of "structural waterproofing + joint sealing," reducing the probability of leakage. In step 112, a steel structure support and retaining wall are erected on the ground to quickly construct a shallow water area enclosure system, expanding the usable water area. These steps, through a combination of layered reinforcement, zoned waterproofing, and ground expansion, transform the abandoned tunnel temporary working shaft into a safe and reliable multi-level deep-sea space, reducing construction costs and improving space utilization.

[0018] Specifically, after the completion of traditional intercity railway shield tunnel construction, the temporary working shafts are generally disposed of by backfilling and abandoning them, resulting in the permanent waste of underground space resources with high initial construction costs. In recent years, the rapidly developing construction of indoor deep-sea diving facilities mainly relies on two new construction models: underground excavation by shield tunneling machines or surface-casting of deep-water pools. Both have the following problems: First, resource waste. Backfilling the working shafts leads to huge waste of initial investment. Simply abandoning the high-cost underground structure fails to achieve resource conservation and asset appreciation, and the duplication of similar spaces also results in significant resource waste. Second, high costs. New deep-sea diving facilities require building ultra-deep water structures from scratch, involving shield excavation and structural casting, resulting in high overall costs, far exceeding the cost of modifying existing working shaft structures. This high-investment model not only raises the entry barrier for the deep-sea diving industry but also limits its popularization and promotion in urban core areas. Third, low space efficiency. Existing diving pools generally lack scientific zoning design, failing to accurately match depth and function according to diving needs, leading to low space utilization efficiency and high energy consumption.

[0019] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the method for converting a temporary tunnel working shaft into a deep-sea space provided in this application upgrades the abandoned temporary tunnel working shaft into a multifunctional deep-sea space structure through several technical reconstructions, including structural transformation, functional zoning, and safety assurance. Specifically, it includes: structural reinforcement and isolation, with a 1.5m thick reinforced concrete base slab built at the bottom of the shaft to seal the original shield tunneling passage; the underground intermediate diving zone, with a depth between 7m and 24m, with a 0.6m thick reinforced sidewall built against the shaft wall; and the underground deep diving zone, with a depth between 24m and 66m, with a cylindrical lining constructed using the slipform method, the cylindrical lining having an outer diameter of 8.6m and an inner diameter of 7.6m, the outer side backfilled with fluidized solidified soil, and coated with a cement-based penetrating crystalline coating for waterproofing. The vertical functional zones are divided into several levels. A steel structure support and acrylic walls are built on the ground to enclose a shallow water area. From top to bottom, the first level is 1.2m deep and serves as a wading pool and training area for beginners. The second and third levels are between 1.2m and 7m deep and serve as training and competition areas for freediving and scuba diving. The underground space is divided from top to bottom into the following levels: the fourth level is between 7m and 12m deep and serves as a freediving and scuba diving certification area; the fifth level is between 12m and 24m deep and serves as an advanced freediving area for three-star divers; and the sixth level is over 24m deep and serves as a professional competition area. In addition, the method of converting temporary working shafts in tunnels into deep-sea submersible spaces also includes a waterproofing system, specifically a self-waterproofing structure, an outer cement-based coating, and a water-stop strip at the boundary of the underground deep-sea zone, achieving the waterproofing function of the deep-sea submersible structure; a constant temperature control system, specifically a heat pump to maintain a constant water temperature; and a safety protection system, including a retractable protective net at a depth of 40m, full-coverage underwater monitoring equipment, and an underwater emergency lifting device. This application, through innovative design of "resource utilization of abandoned structures, modularization of functional scenarios, and comprehensive safety protection," overcomes the cost and space constraints of deep-sea facility construction, providing a standardized path for the low-carbon regeneration of urban underground spaces.

[0020] In practical applications, the method of converting temporary tunnel working shafts into deep-sea submersible spaces can be specifically defined as either a method for converting temporary working shafts in intercity railway shield tunnels into deep-sea submersible spaces or a method for converting existing working shafts into deep-sea submersible spaces. The purpose of this application is to utilize the spatial foundation of existing temporary tunnel working shafts to achieve low-cost, high-efficiency construction of ultra-deep-sea submersible spaces through innovative reconstruction, while simultaneously considering structural safety and multi-functional utilization needs. That is, by modifying the structure of existing working shafts, both railway operational safety and deep-sea function expansion are considered, ultimately forming a new model for deep-sea submersible space construction that combines "resource activation + cost optimization + functional integration."

[0021] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, a shallow water area is enclosed by supports and walls to expand the ground surface of the temporary working shaft of the tunnel. Specifically, the shallow water area is divided into three sections along the depth direction of the temporary working shaft: a first section, a second section, and a third section. The first section is located above the second section and is used as a wading pool and introductory training area. The second and third sections are located below the first section and are used as mermaid and water dance training areas.

[0022] Specifically, such as Figure 4 As shown, the ground expansion area, corresponding to the first to third tiers, includes a newly built circular pool above the temporary working shaft of the tunnel. The pool is constructed using a combination of steel structure support and acrylic walls. The first tier is 1.2m deep and serves as a wading pool and introductory training area. The second to third tiers are 1.2m to 7m deep and are used for mermaid and water dance training and competitions. They are also equipped with a liftable grandstand to meet the needs of shallow water experience and teaching.

[0023] Specifically, the first tier is located at the top, at a depth of 0-1.2m above the ground, directly supporting water play and beginner training. The second and third tiers extend downwards sequentially from 1.2m to 7m in depth, connected by stepped platforms. The 1.2m shallow water depth of the first tier avoids panic among beginners and reduces teaching risks. The maximum depth of 7m in the second and third tiers meets the diving depth requirements for mermaid performances and the space needs for water dance training. Each tier uses a steel structure to support acrylic transparent walls, forming a column-free open water area. The second and third tiers share the same planar space, and the training and competition areas can be flexibly adjusted using removable partitions. This zoning design, through progressive depth and a layout with strong functional connections, improves the space utilization of the shallow water area while reducing wall construction costs.

[0024] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, along the depth direction of the temporary working shaft, the temporary working shaft is divided into an underground intermediate diving zone and an underground deep diving zone. Specifically, the underground intermediate diving zone is further divided into a fourth-level zone and a fifth-level zone along the depth direction of the temporary working shaft. The fourth-level zone is located below the third-level zone and is used as a freediving and scuba certification site. The fifth-level zone is located below the fourth-level zone and is used as a three-star freediving certification site. The underground deep diving zone is designated as the sixth-level zone and is located below the fifth-level zone. It is used as a professional deep-diving training site.

[0025] Specifically, such as Figure 4As shown, the underground renovation area, corresponding to zones four through six, utilizes the original temporary tunnel working shafts for tiered renovation of the underground space. Zone four has a water depth of 7m-12m, meeting the needs of two-star freediving and scuba diving certifications; zone five has a minimum depth of 12m-24m, targeting three-star freediving certifications; and zone six, with a depth of 24m-66m, forms the "Deep Blue Hole" competition zone, suitable for professional deep-sea diving training. By dividing the temporary tunnel working shafts into underground mid-diving and deep-diving zones, precise depth matching is achieved, improving the efficiency of underground space training and reducing energy consumption.

[0026] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, a cylindrical lining is constructed in the underground deep-sea area, and backfilling and reinforcement are carried out on the outside of the cylindrical lining. The underground deep-sea area of ​​the temporary working shaft of the tunnel is structurally reinforced, specifically including: the cylindrical lining is constructed using the slipform method, and the backfilling and reinforcement are carried out using fluidized solidified soil.

[0027] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, the cylindrical lining constructed using the slipform method provides radial structural resistance and withstands water pressure without deformation; the fluidized solidified soil forms a flexible buffer layer, absorbing ground deformation stress and reducing the lining load. This method, through a combination of efficient forming and adaptive backfilling, shortens the construction cycle of deep structures, reduces costs, and lowers the lining leakage rate. The use of specific processes for constructing cylindrical linings in deep underground areas, combined with backfilling measures, enables the transformation and reconstruction of existing tunnel temporary working shafts into deep-sea spatial structures.

[0028] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 1 and Figure 9 As shown, a framework and walls are erected on the ground of the temporary working shaft in the tunnel to enclose a shallow water area. After expanding the temporary working shaft on the ground, the method for converting it into a deep-sea submersible space also includes: installing a constant temperature control system in the deep-sea submersible space to control the water temperature; installing a water circulation and filtration system in the deep-sea submersible space to purify the water quality; installing a retractable protective net in the underground deep-sea submersible area to protect the water area; installing underwater monitoring equipment in the underground deep-sea submersible area to monitor the water conditions in the deep-sea submersible space in real time; and installing an underwater emergency lifting device in the deep-sea submersible space for emergency rescue in case of accidents.

[0029] Specifically, such as Figure 9 As shown, the constant temperature control system uses a ground source heat pump connected to the heat exchange pipe at the bottom of the well to eliminate temperature stratification in deep water by dynamically adjusting the water temperature; the water circulation filtration system filters the water quality in the deep diving space; the retractable protective net is set at a depth of 40m to achieve physical isolation of the professional training area; underwater monitoring equipment is deployed on the side wall of the sixth stage area to capture abnormal diver postures in real time; the emergency lifting device includes a winch and a pressure-resistant rescue capsule to ensure that personnel at a depth of 66m can be rescued within 30 seconds.

[0030] According to the second aspect of this application, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, embodiments of this application also propose a deep-sea space structure 200 converted from a temporary tunnel working shaft. The deep-sea space structure 200 is obtained by converting a temporary tunnel working shaft into a deep-sea space according to the method described in the above embodiments. The deep-sea space structure 200 includes: a temporary tunnel working shaft 210, which includes an underground intermediate submerged zone 212 and an underground deep submerged zone 216, with the intermediate submerged zone 212 located above the underground deep submerged zone 216; a sealing structure 220, disposed at the bottom of the temporary tunnel working shaft 210, used to seal and isolate the translational passage between the temporary tunnel working shaft 210 and the main tunnel 300; and a retaining structure 230, which is constructed within the underground intermediate submerged zone 210. The underground intermediate submerged zone 212 is used to reinforce the sidewalls of the underground intermediate submerged zone 212; the lining structure 240 is set up in the underground deep submerged zone 216 to reinforce the sidewalls of the underground deep submerged zone 216; the waterproof structure 250 includes a cement-based penetrating crystalline coating 252 applied to the outer surfaces of the retaining structure 230 and the lining structure 240, and a waterstop strip 254 set at the junction of the underground intermediate submerged zone 212 and the underground deep submerged zone 216; the above-ground shallow water zone 260 is set above the tunnel temporary working shaft 210 and is connected to the tunnel temporary working shaft 210. The above-ground shallow water zone 260 includes a support 262 and a wall 264, and the support 262 and the wall 264 enclose the above-ground shallow water zone 260.

[0031] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the deep-sea space structure 200, which is converted from a temporary working shaft in the tunnel, includes a temporary working shaft 210, a sealing structure 220, a retaining structure 230, a lining structure 240, a waterproof structure 250, and a shallow water area 260 on the ground. The temporary working shaft 210 includes an underground intermediate submerged zone 212 and an underground deep submerged zone 216, with the intermediate submerged zone 212 located above the deep submerged zone 216. A sealing structure 220 is installed at the bottom of the temporary working shaft 210 to seal and isolate the translational passage between the temporary working shaft 210 and the main tunnel 300. A retaining structure 230 is installed in the intermediate submerged zone 212 to reinforce the sidewalls of the intermediate submerged zone 212. A lining structure 240 is installed in the deep submerged zone 216 to reinforce the sidewalls of the deep submerged zone 216. A waterproof structure 250 includes a cement-based penetrating crystalline coating 252 applied to the outer surfaces of the retaining structure 230 and the lining structure 240, and a waterstop strip 254 installed at the junction of the intermediate submerged zone 212 and the deep submerged zone 216 to reduce the risk of leakage. The shallow water area 260 is located above the temporary working shaft 210 of the tunnel and is connected to the temporary working shaft 210 of the tunnel. The shallow water area 260 includes a support 262 and a wall 264. The support 262 and the wall 264 enclose the shallow water area 260 to realize the ground expansion and renovation.

[0032] The renovation plan combines above-ground expansion with underground modification. The above-ground area is constructed with a shallow water area protection system. The underground medium and deep layers rely on the existing temporary working shaft 210 of the tunnel and are reinforced by the protection structure 230. The deep underground layers are constructed using specific technology. Through cylindrical lining and backfilling measures, the existing temporary working shaft 210 of the tunnel is transformed into a deep-sea space structure 200.

[0033] In specific applications, the sealing structure 220 involves constructing a reinforced concrete base slab at the bottom of the existing temporary tunnel working shaft 210 to seal the translational passage between the temporary tunnel working shaft 210 and the main tunnel 300, thus safely isolating the temporary tunnel working shaft 210. The retaining structure 230 involves constructing the main structural sidewalls in the underground intermediate submerged zone 212 to reinforce the underground intermediate submerged zone 212. The lining structure 240 involves constructing a cylindrical lining in the underground deep submerged zone 216 to reinforce the underground deep submerged zone 216. The waterproof structure 250 includes a cement-based penetrating crystalline coating 252 and a waterstop strip 254 to waterproof the temporary tunnel working shaft 210.

[0034] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figures 4 to 8As shown, the shallow water area 260 includes a first-level area 266, a second-level area 268, and a third-level area 269. The first-level area 266 is located above the second-level area 268 and is used as a wading pool and introductory training area. The second-level area 268 and the third-level area 269 are located below the first-level area 266 and are used as mermaid and water dance training areas. The underground mid-diving area 212 includes a fourth-level area 214 and a fifth-level area 215. The fourth-level area 214 is located below the third-level area 269 and is used as a freediving and scuba certification area. The fifth-level area 215 is located below the fourth-level area 214 and is used as a three-star freediving certification area. The underground deep-diving area 216 includes a sixth-level area 218, which is located below the fifth-level area 215 and is used as a professional deep-diving training area.

[0035] Specifically, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the shallow water area 260 includes a first-level area 266, a second-level area 268, and a third-level area 269. The first-level area 266 is located above the second-level area 268 and is used as a wading pool and introductory training area. The second-level area 268 and the third-level area 269 are located below the first-level area 266 and are used as mermaid and water dance training areas.

[0036] like Figure 4 and Figure 7 As shown, the underground mid-diving zone 212 includes a fourth-level zone 214 and a fifth-level zone 215. The fourth-level zone 214 is located below the third-level zone 269 and is used as a freediving and scuba testing site. The fifth-level zone 215 is located below the fourth-level zone 214 and is used as a three-star freediving testing site.

[0037] like Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the underground deep-sea diving area 216 includes a sixth-level area 218, which is located below the fifth-level area 215 and serves as a professional deep-sea diving training ground. Through vertical functional zoning and space optimization design, following the principles of "increasing depth, functional adaptation, and reasonable area reduction," the deep-sea diving space structure 200 is divided into functional areas of different depths. The surface expansion area increases the shallow water area to meet the needs of experience and teaching, while the underground area shrinks its cross-section with depth to optimize structural economy, adapting to the needs of all scenarios from beginner to professional competition.

[0038] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 9As shown, the deep-sea space structure 200 also includes: a constant temperature control system 270, which is located in the underground submersible zone 212, for maintaining a constant water temperature within the deep-sea space structure 200; and a water circulation and filtration system 272, which is located in the underground submersible zone 212, for circulating and filtering the water within the deep-sea space structure 200.

[0039] Specifically, such as Figure 9 As shown, the deep-sea submersible structure 200 also includes a temperature control system 270 and a water circulation and filtration system 272. The temperature control system 270 is located in the underground submersible zone 212 to maintain a constant water temperature within the deep-sea submersible structure 200; the water circulation and filtration system 272 is located in the underground submersible zone 212 to circulate and filter the water within the deep-sea submersible structure 200. By incorporating the temperature control system 270 and the water circulation and filtration system 272, the functional applicability of the deep-sea submersible structure 200 is improved.

[0040] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 9 As shown, the deep-sea space structure 200 also includes: a retractable protective net 274, which is installed in the underground deep-sea area 216 to protect the water area of ​​the underground deep-sea area 216; and an underwater monitoring device 276, which is installed in the underground deep-sea area 216 to monitor the water area within the deep-sea space structure 200.

[0041] Specifically, such as Figure 9 As shown, the deep-sea submersible structure 200 also includes a retractable protective net 274 and underwater monitoring equipment 276. The retractable protective net 274 is installed in the underground deep-sea area 216 to protect the water area within the underground deep-sea area 216; the underwater monitoring equipment 276 is installed in the underground deep-sea area 216 to monitor the water area within the deep-sea submersible structure 200. By installing the retractable protective net 274 and the underwater monitoring equipment 276, the safety of the deep-sea submersible structure 200 is improved.

[0042] In some embodiments, optionally, such as Figure 9 As shown, the deep-sea space structure 200 also includes an underwater emergency lifting device 280, comprising a fixed ground end 282 and a water-mobile end 284, for emergency rescue.

[0043] Specifically, such as Figure 9 As shown, the deep-sea space structure 200 also includes an underwater emergency lifting device 280. The underwater emergency lifting device 280 includes a fixed ground end 282 and a movable water end 284. The fixed ground end 282 is fixed on the ground, and the movable water end 284 is movable within the water area of ​​the deep-sea space structure 200 for emergency rescue in case of danger.

[0044] In practical applications, the deep-sea space structure 200, converted from a temporary working shaft in a tunnel, adopts adaptive measures for different areas above and below ground in terms of structure and waterproofing. In the above-ground water depth area of ​​0-7m, a steel structure support 262 and wall 264 are used to construct the main body of the shallow water area and are properly sealed. In the underground area of ​​7m-24m, relying on the existing temporary working shaft 210, a 0.6m thick main structure sidewall is constructed on the inner side through the retaining structure 230. In the underground area of ​​24m-66m, a circular cylindrical lining is constructed using the slipform method. The outer diameter of the cylindrical lining is 8.6m, the inner diameter is 7.6m, and the thickness is 0.5m. The outer side is backfilled with fluidized solidified soil, and an external waterproofing layer is added to the outside of the cylindrical lining. At the same time, the structure is coated with cement-based penetrating crystalline coating to meet the requirements of three layers of waterproofing. The bottom slab is made of 1.5m thick reinforced concrete, and a ring beam is used to connect at the cross-section.

[0045] Regarding safety isolation between sections, the horizontal clearance between the deep-sea submersible structure 200 and the main structure of the main tunnel 300 is approximately 30 meters. The elevation of the bottom slab of the water tank in the deep-sea submersible structure 200 is above the elevation of the top slab of the main tunnel structure. The bottom slab of the water tank is made of 1.5 meters thick reinforced concrete. The original shield tunneling passage between the water tank and the intercity tunnel is sealed by a 1-meter thick reinforced concrete wall. The side walls of the main structure of the intercity tunnel are made of 1.2 meters thick reinforced concrete. Both structures employ three layers of waterproofing measures. Furthermore, the main structure of the intercity tunnel is situated within moderately weathered granite, i.e., a weakly permeable layer, ensuring that the thickness of this overburden layer is greater than 5 meters. In summary, the design of the main structure of the intercity tunnel has considered the working conditions under full water head conditions, and the design of the deep-sea submersible structure 200 also fully incorporates the characteristics of the water storage tank to avoid leakage. In addition, there is no water passage between the two structures, making the possibility of water inrush in the intercity railway tunnel low, and the waterproofing issue is safe and controllable.

[0046] In addition, the waterproof structure 250 uses impermeable concrete to achieve self-waterproofing, and the outside is coated with cement-based penetrating crystalline coating as an external waterproof layer. Water-swellable waterstop strips 254 are installed at the junction of deep and shallow water areas as additional waterproofing measures, providing multiple protections to reduce the risk of leakage.

[0047] In addition, a constant temperature control system 270, namely a ground source heat pump system, is configured to maintain a stable water temperature in the pool. At the same time, a water circulation filtration system 272 is equipped to periodically circulate the water in the entire pool, ensuring clean water quality and a comfortable diving environment.

[0048] Additionally, a retractable protective net 274 is installed at a depth of 40m to implement graded management of ultra-deep waters, allowing only qualified personnel to enter; a full-coverage underwater monitoring device 276 is deployed, along with an underwater emergency lifting device 280, to ensure real-time monitoring of the diving process and rapid response to emergencies.

[0049] In the description of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more. Unless otherwise expressly defined, the terms "upper," "lower," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. The terms "connection," "installation," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] In the description of this specification, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiment," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0051] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for converting a temporary working shaft in a tunnel into a deep-sea submersible space, characterized in that, include: A reinforced concrete base slab was built at the bottom of the existing temporary working shaft of the tunnel to block the horizontal movement passage between the temporary working shaft and the main tunnel, thereby safely isolating the temporary working shaft. Along the depth direction of the temporary working shaft, the temporary working shaft is divided into an underground medium-depth zone and an underground deep-depth zone; The main structure sidewalls were constructed in the underground submerged zone to reinforce the structure of the underground submerged zone; A cylindrical lining is constructed in the underground deep-sea area, and backfilling is carried out on the outside of the cylindrical lining to reinforce the structure of the underground deep-sea area; Cement-based penetrating crystalline coating is applied to the outer surface of the main structure sidewalls and the cylindrical lining, and a water-stop strip is installed at the junction of the underground intermediate zone and the underground deep zone to waterproof the temporary working shaft of the tunnel. A support frame and walls are erected on the ground of the temporary working shaft in the tunnel. The support frame and walls are used to enclose a shallow water area on the ground, and the temporary working shaft in the tunnel is expanded on the ground.

2. The method for converting a temporary working shaft in a tunnel into a deep-sea submersible space according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of enclosing a shallow water area on the ground using the support frame and the wall, and expanding the temporary working shaft of the tunnel on the ground, specifically includes: Along the depth direction of the temporary working shaft in the tunnel, the shallow water area on the ground is divided into three zones: a first zone, a second zone, and a third zone. The first zone is located above the second zone and is used as a wading pool and introductory training area. The second and third zones are located below the first zone and are used as mermaid and water dance training areas.

3. The method for converting a temporary working shaft in a tunnel into a deep-sea space according to claim 2, characterized in that, The temporary working shaft is divided into a mid-depth underground zone and a deep underground zone along its depth direction, specifically including: Along the depth direction of the temporary working shaft in the tunnel, the underground submersible area is divided into a fourth-level area and a fifth-level area. The fourth-level area is located below the third-level area and is used as a freediving and scuba testing site. The fifth-level area is located below the fourth-level area and is used as a three-star freediving testing site. The underground deep-sea diving area is designated as the sixth-level area, located below the fifth-level area, and is used as a professional deep-sea diving training ground.

4. The method for converting a temporary tunnel working shaft into a deep-sea submersible space according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of a cylindrical lining in the underground deep-sea area, followed by backfilling and reinforcement on the outside of the cylindrical lining, constitutes structural reinforcement of the underground deep-sea area of ​​the temporary working shaft of the tunnel. Specifically, this includes: The cylindrical lining is constructed using the slipform method, and the backfill reinforcement is carried out using fluidized solidified soil.

5. The method for converting a temporary tunnel working shaft into a deep-sea submersible space according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for converting a temporary tunnel working shaft into a deep-sea space after the temporary tunnel working shaft is expanded by constructing supports and walls on the ground and using the supports and walls to enclose a shallow water area on the ground, further includes: A constant temperature control system is installed in the deep-sea diving space to control the water temperature within the deep-sea diving space; A water circulation and filtration system is installed in the deep-sea space to purify the water quality within the space. A retractable protective net is installed in the underground deep-sea diving area to isolate and protect the water area of ​​the underground deep-sea diving area; Underwater monitoring equipment is installed in the underground deep-sea diving area to monitor the water conditions of the deep-sea space in real time; An underwater emergency lifting device is installed in the deep-sea space to conduct emergency rescue in case of sudden accidents.

6. A deep-sea space structure converted from a temporary working shaft in a tunnel, characterized in that, The deep-sea space structure is obtained by modifying a tunnel temporary working shaft into a deep-sea space according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The deep-sea space structure includes: A temporary working shaft for a tunnel, comprising an underground intermediate zone and an underground deep zone, wherein the underground intermediate zone is located above the underground deep zone; A sealing structure is installed at the bottom of the temporary working shaft of the tunnel to seal off and isolate the translational passage between the temporary working shaft and the main tunnel. An enclosure structure is provided within the underground submerged zone to reinforce the sidewalls of the underground submerged zone. A lining structure is installed within the underground deep-sea area to reinforce the sidewalls of the underground deep-sea area; The waterproof structure includes a cement-based penetrating crystalline coating applied to the outer surfaces of the enclosure structure and the lining structure, and a waterstop strip disposed at the junction of the underground intermediate zone and the underground deep zone; A shallow water area is located above the temporary working shaft of the tunnel and is connected to the temporary working shaft. The shallow water area includes a support frame and a wall, which together enclose the shallow water area.

7. The deep-sea space structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The shallow water area on the ground includes a first-level area, a second-level area, and a third-level area. The first-level area is located above the second-level area and is used as a wading pool and introductory training area. The second-level area and the third-level area are located below the first-level area and are used as mermaid and water dance training areas. The underground mid-diving area includes a fourth-level area and a fifth-level area. The fourth-level area is located below the third-level area and is used as a freediving and scuba testing site. The fifth-level area is located below the fourth-level area and is used as a three-star freediving testing site. The underground deep-sea diving area includes a sixth-level area, which is located below the fifth-level area and is used as a professional deep-sea diving training ground.

8. The deep-sea space structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The deep-sea space structure also includes: A constant temperature control system is installed in the underground submersible zone to maintain a constant water temperature within the deep-sea space structure; A water circulation filtration system is installed in the underground submerged zone to circulate and filter the water within the deep-sea space structure.

9. The deep-sea space structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The deep-sea space structure also includes: A retractable protective net is installed in the underground deep-sea area to isolate and protect the water area of ​​the underground deep-sea area; Underwater monitoring equipment is installed in the underground deep-sea area to monitor the water area within the deep-sea space structure.

10. The deep-sea space structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The deep-sea space structure also includes: The underwater emergency lifting device consists of a fixed end on land and a mobile end in the water, and is used for emergency rescue.

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