A blasting hole drilling positioning device and a blasting hole drilling method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of blasting hole drilling device, and particularly relates to a blasting hole drilling positioning device and a blasting hole drilling method, which comprises a positioning ring and a jacking rod; one side of the positioning ring is connected with the jacking rod, so that the jacking rod can jacks up the positioning ring on the rock wall; the other side of the positioning ring is uniformly provided with three positioning cones along the circumference of the positioning ring, so that the three positioning rings are jacked up on the rock wall through the positioning cones; and the center of the positioning ring is further provided with a positioning hole for the drill rod to pass through. When the blasting hole drilling positioning device is used, the positioning ring is jacked up on the rock wall through the jacking rod, and is stably embedded in the rock wall through the positioning cones, so that the positioning ring is stably connected on the rock wall, and then stably supports the drill rod, thereby avoiding that the hole position deviation is too large due to the drill rod jumping in the initial drilling. Meanwhile, the positioning cones separate the positioning ring and the rock wall by a certain distance, so that the powder and debris generated in the drilling are discharged through the gap between the positioning ring and the rock wall, and the powder is prevented from entering the inside of the positioning ring to cause abrasion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of blasting hole drilling devices, and more specifically, to a blasting hole drilling positioning device and a blasting hole drilling method. Background Technology

[0002] In mountainous transportation engineering construction, tunnel excavation is the core construction link. As a classic tunnel excavation technique, the drill-and-blast method is widely used in various rock formation tunnel construction scenarios due to its advantages such as strong adaptability, low equipment investment cost, and stable construction efficiency. Especially in hard rock formations, its technical maturity and economic advantages are more prominent.

[0003] The core process of drill-and-blast tunnel excavation includes key procedures such as drilling blasting holes, charging and blasting, muck removal and cleaning, and initial support. The accuracy of the blasting hole drilling directly determines the subsequent blasting effect, which in turn affects the smoothness of the tunnel excavation profile, the stability of the surrounding rock, and construction safety. During blasting hole drilling, construction personnel must use a rock drill to drive a drill rod to drill blasting holes at specific depths, angles, and spacings on the rock surface, based on the tunnel's designed cross-sectional dimensions, rock mechanical parameters, and blasting plan.

[0004] However, in the initial stage of drilling on hard rock surfaces, from the moment the drill rod contacts the rock surface until the drilling depth reaches 5-10 cm, drill rod swaying is very likely to occur, leading to hole position deviation. This problem is closely related to the technical characteristics of drill-and-blast drilling operations: on the one hand, the compressive strength of hard rocks such as granite and quartzite usually exceeds 100 MPa, and a large reaction force is generated when the drill rod contacts the rock. At this stage, only the tail of the drill rod is connected to the rock drill chuck, and the front end has not entered the rock to form effective support. The whole is in a "cantilever" state and lacks sufficient radial constraint. On the other hand, the high-frequency vibration of the rock drill during operation is transmitted to the front end through the drill rod, further aggravating the radial swaying of the drill rod. This problem is more obvious when the drill rod diameter is small (e.g., less than 40 mm) or the length exceeds 3 m, and the swaying amplitude can reach 5-15 mm.

[0005] While borehole deviation may seem like a localized construction error, it can actually trigger a series of chain reactions: First, a deviated blast hole alters the explosive distribution density, leading to over-excavation or under-excavation of the tunnel profile after blasting. The over-excavated portion requires additional concrete filling, increasing construction costs and time. Second, an irregular excavation profile damages the integrity of the surrounding rock, reducing its self-stabilizing capacity and increasing the risk of collapse, necessitating the use of more support materials for reinforcement. Furthermore, a deviated blast hole can also cause uneven superposition of blasting effects from adjacent blast holes, producing large chunks of rock and increasing the difficulty and time cost of muck removal operations.

[0006] Currently, the industry mainly alleviates borehole deviation problems by having construction workers manually straighten the drill rod and adjust the rock drill's advance speed. However, these methods rely heavily on personnel experience, have poor stability, and are difficult to adapt to the high-efficiency construction requirements under complex geological conditions. Therefore, developing a technical solution that can provide effective constraint on the drill rod in the early stages of drilling has become a key direction for improving the accuracy and efficiency of drill-and-blast tunnel excavation. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a blasting hole drilling positioning device and a blasting hole drilling method, which can prevent the drill rod from shaking and ensure the accuracy of the hole position.

[0008] The embodiments of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0009] A blasting hole drilling positioning device includes a positioning ring and a tightening rod; one side of the positioning ring is connected to the tightening rod so that the tightening rod can tighten the positioning ring against the rock wall; three positioning cones are evenly arranged along the circumference of the other side of the positioning ring so that the three positioning rings are tightened against the rock wall through the positioning cones; a positioning hole for the drill rod to pass through is also provided at the center of the positioning ring.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a fixing component; the fixing component includes a fixing rod and a push rod; the fixing rod has several positioning rods hinged inside, so that the positioning rods can open and protrude from the fixing rod or retract into the fixing rod; the several positioning rods are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixing rod; the tightening rod is oscillatingly connected to the end of the fixing rod, so that the positioning ring can swing to fit against the rock wall or away from the rock wall; the push rod is configured to cooperate with the tightening rod, so that the push rod can push the tightening rod to the positioning cone to press against the rock wall.

[0011] Furthermore, one end of the clamping rod connected to the positioning ring is Y-shaped; the positioning ring and the clamping rod are connected by several clamping springs.

[0012] Furthermore, a ball head is provided inside the positioning ring; the inner wall of the positioning ring is configured as a concave spherical surface to match the ball head, so that the ball head can swing relative to the positioning ring; the positioning hole is provided in the ball head.

[0013] Furthermore, a positioning cylinder is also provided inside the fixing rod; the positioning cylinder is connected to the ends of several positioning rods via a connecting piece; the two ends of the connecting piece are respectively hinged to the positioning rod and the positioning cylinder, so that when the positioning cylinder extends or retracts, several positioning rods retract or extend.

[0014] Furthermore, the fixing rod includes a fixed section and a rotating section rotatably connected to the fixed section; the push rod is a cylinder; and the push rod is fixedly disposed on the rotating section.

[0015] Furthermore, the end of the rotating section is provided with a positioning ear; the positioning ear is provided with a through hole for the tightening rod to pass through, so that the tightening rod can move and swing relative to the positioning ear; the through hole is a rectangular hole, and the tightening rod is configured as a rectangular rod to cooperate with the rectangular hole.

[0016] Furthermore, the fixed section is configured as a frustum shape at one end near the rotating section, and the smaller diameter section is close to the positioning rod.

[0017] A method for drilling blast holes involves using the aforementioned blast hole positioning device. A fixed section is inserted into the drilled blast hole, causing several positioning rods to open and press against the hole wall. The length of the pressing rod inserted into the positioning hole is adjusted, and the rotating section is rotated so that the positioning hole corresponds to the position of the next blast hole. A pushing rod is used to press the positioning ring against the rock wall. Finally, the drill rod is inserted into the positioning ring, and a drill bit is used to drill a hole in the rock wall.

[0018] Furthermore, after the positioning ring is pressed tightly against the rock wall, the positioning ring is struck to cause the positioning cone to embed into the rock wall.

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0020] When using the blasting hole positioning device, the positioning ring is tightened against the rock wall by a clamping rod, and the positioning cone is stably embedded in the rock wall, ensuring a stable connection between the positioning ring and the rock wall. This provides stable support for the drill rod and prevents excessive hole position deviation caused by drill rod jumping in the early stages of drilling. Simultaneously, the positioning cone separates the positioning ring from the rock wall by a certain distance, allowing drilling dust and debris to be discharged through the gap between the positioning ring and the rock wall, preventing dust from entering the positioning ring and causing wear.

[0021] The fixing component allows the clamping rod to be fixed to the drilled blast hole, thereby positioning the positioning ring and facilitating drilling of other surrounding holes. Simultaneously, the fixing rod includes a rotating section and positioning ears, allowing the positioning ring to move easily around the drilled blast hole, further facilitating drilling of surrounding holes and improving position conversion efficiency. A clamping spring ensures that the positioning ring maintains a tight connection between all three positioning cones and the uneven rock wall, and the ball joint ensures that the unevenness of the rock wall does not affect the drill rod's perpendicular drilling. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the blasting hole drilling and positioning device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point a in the middle.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the interaction between the drilling and positioning device for blasting holes and the rock wall.

[0025] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point b in the middle.

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified view of point c in the middle.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning ring.

[0028] Figure 7 A top view of the blast hole drilling and positioning device.

[0029] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the blasting hole drilling and positioning device and several blasting holes.

[0030] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A magnified view of point d in the middle.

[0031] Reference numerals: 1-Positioning ring, 2-Tightening rod, 3-Positioning cone, 4-Rock wall, 5-Positioning hole, 6-Push rod, 7-Positioning rod, 8-Positioning cylinder, 9-Connecting piece, 10-Tightening spring, 11-Ball head, 12-Fixed section, 13-Rotating section, 14-Positioning ear, 15-Bearing, 16-Blast hole. Detailed Implementation

[0032] like Figures 1-9 As shown, the core of the blasting hole positioning device in this embodiment consists of a positioning ring 1 and a tightening rod 2. The positioning ring 1 is a circular structure made of metal, with a diameter of 80-120mm designed according to the common construction requirements of blasting holes 16. On the side facing the rock wall 4, three positioning cones 3 are evenly distributed at a 120° angle along the circumference. The positioning cones 3 are made of high-strength wear-resistant alloy, and the tips of the three positioning cones 3 are in the same plane, satisfying the stable support condition of three points determining the plane. The positioning hole 5 opened in the center of the positioning ring 1 has a diameter 0.8-1.2mm larger than the outer diameter of the drill rod to be adapted, which can ensure that the drill rod passes through smoothly and can also form an effective radial constraint on the drill rod.

[0033] Addressing the issue of drill rod swaying during the initial drilling phase in the background technology, the working principle of this device is as follows: During use, construction personnel apply axial pressure to the positioning ring 1 via the tightening rod 2, pushing the positioning ring 1 towards the rock wall 4 at the tunnel face or other blasting scenarios. Due to the natural pits and rough textures on the surface of the rock wall 4, especially after blasting, the sharp tip of the positioning cone 3 quickly embeds into the depressions of the rock wall 4. As the tightening force gradually increases, the three positioning cones 3 simultaneously embed into the rock wall 4, forming a stable three-point support structure, completely restricting the radial displacement and circumferential rotation of the positioning ring 1. At this time, the drill rod passes through the positioning hole 5 to contact the rock wall 4 for drilling. The positioning hole 5 directly forms a rigid constraint on the front end of the drill rod, effectively solving the problem of drill rod swaying due to lack of support during the initial drilling phase. Compared to the manual straightening method in the prior art, this device can control the hole position deviation within a very small range and does not rely on the experience of construction personnel. In hard rock drilling scenarios, its stability is significantly better than manual operation. At the same time, the design of the three positioning cones 3 can adapt to the local unevenness of the rock wall 4, so that the three positioning cones 3 can always contact the rock wall 4 at the same time, ensuring that the positioning ring 1 is always stably attached to the rock wall 4.

[0034] At the same time, the positioning cone 3 separates the positioning ring 1 from the rock wall 4 by a certain distance, so that the powder and debris generated by drilling can be discharged through the gap between the positioning ring 1 and the rock wall 4, thus preventing the powder from entering the interior of the positioning ring 1 and causing wear.

[0035] Furthermore, this embodiment adds a fixing component, which includes a fixing rod and a push rod 6. For example... Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the fixing rod is a hollow cylinder with a space reserved inside for installing the positioning cylinder 8. Three elongated openings are evenly spaced along the circumference of its side wall. A positioning rod 7 is hinged to each opening via a pin. The positioning rod 7 is a metal rod, one end of which is hinged to the fixing rod, and the middle part is connected to the positioning cylinder 8 via a connecting piece 9. The positioning cylinder 8 is fixed at the axial position inside the fixing rod. The connecting piece 9 is a thin metal sheet, one end of which is hinged to the middle of the positioning rod 7 via a pin, and the other end is hinged to the end of the telescopic rod of the positioning cylinder 8. One end of the tightening rod 2 is hinged to the end of the fixing rod via a pin. The pushing rod 6 is a cylinder, with the cylinder body fixed to the side wall of the fixing rod by bolts. The position of the positioning ring 1 can be adjusted by pushing the tightening rod 2.

[0036] During construction, the fixing rod is first inserted into the drilled blast hole 16. The positioning cylinder 8 is then activated, extending its telescopic rod. This telescopic rod, via the connecting piece 9, pulls the positioning rod 7 around the hinge point, causing the end of the positioning rod 7 furthest from the hinge to extend from the strip-shaped opening of the fixing rod until it is tightly against the wall of the blast hole 16. The reaction force of the hole wall firmly fixes the fixing rod within the blast hole 16, preventing axial detachment or radial movement. Next, the jacking rod 6 is activated, extending its piston rod and pushing the clamping rod 2. This causes the clamping rod 2 to swing around the hinge point with the fixing rod, moving the positioning ring 1 closer to the rock wall 4 until the positioning cone 3 presses against the rock wall 4. At this point, the drill rod passes through the positioning hole 5 of the positioning ring 1 for drilling. The fixing assembly provides a stable support reference for the positioning ring 1, completely replacing manual straightening operations and solving the problem of reliance on personnel experience in the prior art. Meanwhile, the fixed rod is rigidly connected to the blasting hole 16 through the positioning rod 7, which can effectively resist the high-frequency vibration during the operation of the rock drill, reduce the vibration amplitude of the positioning ring 1, further improve the drilling accuracy, and avoid hole position deviation caused by vibration.

[0037] This embodiment optimizes the connection structure between the clamping rod 2 and the positioning ring 1. The end of the clamping rod 2 near the positioning ring 1 is machined into a Y-shaped fork structure. The three endpoints of the fork correspond to the installation positions of the three positioning cones 3 on the positioning ring 1, and the inner side of the Y-shaped fork has a reserved space with a diameter larger than that of the positioning hole 5 to ensure that the drill rod is not obstructed when passing through the positioning hole 5. The positioning ring 1 and the Y-shaped fork endpoints of the clamping rod 2 are connected by three clamping springs 10 with the same initial length. One end of the spring is connected to the fork endpoint of the clamping rod 2 by a hook, and the other end is fixed to the side wall of the positioning ring 1 by welding or hooking.

[0038] When the push rod 6 pushes the clamping rod 2 to press the positioning ring 1 against the rock wall 4, if the rock wall 4 is uneven in some areas, such as having a depression or protrusion with a depth of 5-10mm, the positioning cone 3 at a certain position will first contact the rock wall 4. When the pushing force is continued, the clamping spring 10 at the corresponding position will be compressed, while the positioning cone 3 that has not contacted the rock wall 4 will continue to move towards the rock wall 4 under the action of the spring force until all three positioning cones 3 are in contact with the rock wall 4 and are clamped. This elastic connection structure effectively avoids the problem that some positioning cones 3 cannot contact the rock wall 4 due to unevenness, ensuring that the three positioning cones 3 always form a stable three-point support, controlling the fit error between the positioning ring 1 and the rock wall 4 within a very small range, and significantly improving the positioning stability of the positioning ring 1. Compared with rigid connection, this structure can better adapt to the complex surface conditions of hard rock tunnel faces in the background technology, avoid exacerbating drill rod shaking due to unevenness of the rock wall 4, and further reduce the risk of hole position deviation.

[0039] This embodiment also adds a ball head 11 structure inside the positioning ring 1. The positioning ring 1 has a concave spherical cavity machined at its center, and the inner wall is polished. The ball head 11 is a solid metal sphere with an outer diameter that matches the radius of the spherical cavity, allowing it to swing in any direction within the spherical cavity. The positioning hole 5 is opened at the center of the ball head 11, and a high-temperature resistant grease, such as lithium-based grease, is applied between the outer wall of the ball head 11 and the inner wall of the spherical cavity to reduce frictional loss during swinging.

[0040] When the positioning ring 1 is not perpendicular to the rock wall 4 due to the pits and depressions in the rock wall 4, i.e., the end face of the positioning ring 1 is not parallel to the rock wall 4, the ball head 11 can swing freely within the spherical cavity. After the drill rod is inserted into the positioning hole 5 of the ball head 11, if the construction personnel control the drill rod to maintain a perpendicular posture to the rock wall 4, the drill rod will drive the ball head 11 to swing synchronously until the axis of the positioning hole 5 is completely aligned with the axis of the drill rod, i.e., the positioning hole 5 is adjusted to be perpendicular to the rock wall 4. This structure effectively solves the problem of drill rod drilling angle deviation caused by the tilt of the positioning ring 1. By swinging the ball head 11, it ensures that the drill rod drills along the direction perpendicular to the rock wall 4, avoiding the problems of over-excavation and under-excavation of the tunnel outline after blasting caused by drilling angle deviation in the background technology, and significantly improving the drilling accuracy of the blasting hole 16. In order to further reduce friction, a bearing 15 can also be installed inside the ball head 11, and the drill rod passes through the bearing 15 to contact the rock wall 4 for drilling.

[0041] In this embodiment, the fixing rod is designed as a segmented structure, including a fixing segment 12 and a rotating segment 13. For example... Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the positioning rod 7 and the positioning cylinder 8 are located in the fixed section 12, allowing the fixed section 12 to be stably connected to the rupture hole 16. The rotating section 13 is a hollow metal cylinder connected to the fixed section 12, ensuring that the rotating section 13 can rotate smoothly 360° around the axis of the fixed section 12. The push rod 6 is fixed to the side wall of the rotating section 13 by a bracket, and its piston rod axis is radially perpendicular to the rotating section 13, allowing it to rotate synchronously with the rotating section 13.

[0042] In use, the fixed section 12 is first inserted into the pre-drilled blast hole 16 and fixed by the positioning rod 7, keeping the fixed section 12 stationary. When drilling other blast holes 16 in the vicinity, there is no need to disassemble the fixed section 12; simply rotate the rotating section 13. The rotating section 13 drives the push rod 6, the clamping rod 2, and the positioning ring 1 to rotate synchronously until the positioning hole 5 of the positioning ring 1 aligns with the next target hole. This structure achieves the function of fixing once and drilling multiple holes. Compared with the traditional positioning device in the background technology, which requires repeated disassembly and installation, it significantly shortens the hole position switching time and improves construction efficiency. At the same time, the fixed section 12 remains stable, avoiding the positioning reference deviation caused by repeated disassembly, further ensuring the spacing accuracy between multiple blast holes 16, which meets the strict requirements for hole spacing in the blasting scheme.

[0043] In this embodiment, a rectangular metal positioning ear 14 is welded to the end of the rotating section 13, and a rectangular through hole is correspondingly opened on the positioning ear 14. The clamping rod 2 is designed as a rectangular cross-section rod to fit the through hole, and the cross-section size and the gap between the rectangular hole are controlled at 1-2mm to ensure that the clamping rod 2 can move freely along the length direction of the through hole. At the same time, the rectangular structure restricts the rotation of the clamping rod 2 around its own axis.

[0044] Once the rotating section 13 has rotated to approximately the target hole position, the operator can push and pull the tightening rod 2 along the length of the rectangular through hole to adjust the length of the tightening rod 2 extending beyond the positioning lug 14, thereby precisely adjusting the position of the positioning ring 1 to ensure that the positioning hole 5 is perfectly aligned with the target hole. The mating structure between the rectangular rod and the rectangular through hole effectively prevents the positioning ring 1 from shifting due to the rotation of the tightening rod 2, ensuring that the positioning hole 5 remains stable at all times.

[0045] In this embodiment, the structure of the fixed section 12 is optimized: the end of the fixed section 12 near the rotating section 13 is machined into a frustum shape. The diameter of the larger diameter end of the frustum is 15-20mm larger than the diameter of the main body of the fixed section 12, and the diameter of the smaller diameter end is the same as the diameter of the main body of the fixed section 12, with the smaller diameter end facing the positioning rod 7. The angle between the generatrix of the frustum and the axis of the fixed section 12 is 20-25°. The outer wall of the frustum is covered with a rubber pad layer with a thickness of 2-3mm. The surface of the rubber pad layer is machined with diamond-shaped anti-slip patterns with a pattern depth of 1-1.5mm.

[0046] When the fixing section 12 is inserted into the drilled blast hole 16, the outer wall of the frustum-shaped structure fits tightly against the opening of the blast hole 16. The rubber pad undergoes elastic deformation under the pressure of the opening, filling the gap between the opening and the frustum. At the same time, the anti-slip texture increases the friction between the frustum and the opening. At this time, the fixing rod forms a "two-end positioning": one end is fixed to the inner wall of the blast hole 16 by the positioning rod 7, and the other end is positioned by the cooperation between the frustum and the opening. The double positioning structure completely restricts the radial sway of the fixing rod. In the high-frequency vibration environment of the rock drill, this structure can effectively resist vibration transmission, avoid the displacement of the positioning ring 1 caused by the sway of the fixing rod, and ensure that the position of the positioning hole 5 remains stable during the drilling process, further improving the reliability of the device in hard rock drilling scenarios.

[0047] The drilling method for the blast hole 16 in this embodiment uses the aforementioned positioning device, and the specific steps are as follows: First, preliminary preparation: Based on the tunnel blasting design plan, determine the drilled blast hole 16 as the reference hole, check whether the air pressure of the positioning cylinder 8 and the push rod 6 of the positioning device is normal, and confirm that the positioning cone 3 is not worn and the tightening spring 10 is not deformed; Second, fix the main body of the device: insert the fixing section 12 into the reference blast hole 16, start the positioning cylinder 8 to open the positioning rod 7 and press it against the hole wall of the blast hole 16, and confirm by hand or pressure sensor that the fixing rod has no axial movement or radial shaking; Third, hole alignment: pass along the rectangle of the positioning ear 14. The hole pushes and pulls the tightening rod 2, adjusts the extension length of the tightening rod 2, and slowly rotates the rotating section 13 to make the positioning hole 5 of the positioning ring 1 completely coincide with the hole position of the next target blasting hole 16; the fourth step is to tighten the positioning ring 1, start the push rod 6, push the tightening rod 2 to move the positioning ring 1 towards the rock wall 4 until the positioning cone 3 contacts and tightens with the rock wall 4, at which time the tightening spring 10 is in a slightly compressed state; the fifth step is to drill, pass the drill rod through the positioning hole 5 of the positioning ring 1, start the rock drill, control the rock drill advance speed to 50-80mm / min, so that the drill rod drills along the direction perpendicular to the rock wall 4 under the constraint of the positioning hole 5 until the designed depth is reached.

[0048] This method precisely addresses the problems in the background technology: by rigidly fixing the fixed section 12 to the reference blasting hole 16, it replaces manual hand-held positioning, avoiding the poor stability defects of manual straightening; the positioning ring 1, through the tightness between the positioning cone 3 and the rock wall 4 and the constraint of the positioning hole 5, directly limits the initial shaking of the drill rod, solving the hole position deviation problem at its root. Compared with traditional manual methods, this method improves drilling accuracy and shortens the drilling time per hole in hard rock drilling scenarios, and does not rely on the experience of construction personnel, adapting to the high-efficiency construction needs under complex geological conditions.

[0049] This embodiment adds a step to strengthen the fixing of the positioning cone 3: After the positioning ring 1 is pressed against the rock wall 4 by the push rod 6, the construction personnel use a rubber hammer or copper hammer weighing 0.5-1kg to gently tap the edge of the positioning ring 1. The tapping force is controlled at 5-10N, so that the tip of the positioning cone 3 is further embedded into the rock wall 4, with an embedding depth of 2-5mm, until there is no obvious displacement when the positioning ring 1 is pushed by hand.

[0050] Relying solely on the thrust of the push rod 6, the positioning cone 3 may only embed itself in the surface slag of the rock wall 4, and is prone to loosening under the vibration of the rock drill. By striking the positioning ring 1, the impact force can be transmitted to the positioning cone 3, causing it to penetrate the surface slag and embed itself into the harder rock layer, forming a more stable anchoring effect. This step significantly improves the fixing strength of the positioning ring 1, avoids the positioning ring 1 from shifting due to vibration during drilling, ensures the accurate position of the positioning hole 5 throughout the drilling process, and stably controls the hole position deviation within 1mm. This effectively solves the problem of hole position deviation exacerbated by positioning loosening in the prior art, and further improves the accuracy and reliability of drilling the hard rock blasting hole 16.

Claims

1. A device for positioning and drilling blast holes, characterized in that: It includes a positioning ring and a tightening rod; one side of the positioning ring is connected to the tightening rod so that the tightening rod can tighten the positioning ring against the rock wall; three positioning cones are evenly arranged along the circumference of the other side of the positioning ring so that the positioning ring is tightened against the rock wall through the three positioning cones; a positioning hole for the drill rod to pass through is also provided at the center of the positioning ring; It also includes a fixing component; the fixing component includes a fixing rod and a push rod; the fixing rod includes a fixing section and a rotating section rotatably connected to the fixing section; a plurality of positioning rods are hinged inside the fixing section so that the positioning rods can open and protrude from the fixing section or retract into the fixing section; the plurality of positioning rods are evenly distributed along the circumference of the fixing section; the push rod is oscillatingly connected to the end of the rotating section so that the positioning ring can oscillate to fit against or move away from the rock wall; the push rod is a cylinder; the push rod is fixedly set in the rotating section and cooperates with the push rod so that the push rod can push the push rod to the positioning cone to press against the rock wall.

2. The blasting hole drilling and positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the clamping rod connected to the positioning ring is Y-shaped; the positioning ring and the clamping rod are connected by several clamping springs.

3. The blasting hole drilling and positioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning ring has a ball head inside; the inner wall of the positioning ring is configured as a concave spherical surface to match the ball head, so that the ball head can swing relative to the positioning ring; the positioning hole is provided in the ball head.

4. The blasting hole drilling and positioning device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixing rod is also equipped with a positioning cylinder; the positioning cylinder is connected to the ends of several positioning rods via a connecting piece; the two ends of the connecting piece are respectively hinged to the positioning rod and the positioning cylinder, so that when the positioning cylinder extends or retracts, the several positioning rods retract or extend.

5. The blasting hole drilling and positioning device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The end of the rotating section is provided with a positioning ear; the positioning ear is provided with a through hole for the tightening rod to pass through, so that the tightening rod can move and swing relative to the positioning ear; the through hole is a rectangular hole, and the tightening rod is configured as a rectangular rod to cooperate with the rectangular hole.

6. The blasting hole drilling and positioning device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed section is shaped like a frustum at one end near the rotating section, and the smaller diameter section is close to the positioning rod.

7. A method for drilling blasting holes, employing the blasting hole drilling positioning device according to any one of claims 5 and 6, characterized in that: Insert the fixed section into the drilled blast hole and open several positioning rods to press against the hole wall; adjust the length of the tightening rod inserted through the hole and rotate the rotating section so that the positioning hole corresponds to the position of the next blast hole; press the positioning ring against the rock wall with the push rod; finally, insert the drill rod into the positioning ring and drill a hole in the rock wall with the drill bit.

8. The method for drilling blasting holes according to claim 7, characterized in that: After the positioning ring is pressed tightly against the rock wall, the positioning ring is struck to make the positioning cone embed into the rock wall.

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