Rock-soil detection device and method for highway engineering geological investigation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geological survey, and discloses a highway engineering geological survey rock-soil detection device and method, and the device comprises a mobile frame, and a sampling assembly, a pressure detection assembly and a water content detection assembly which are connected to the mobile frame. A transfer assembly used for transferring samples is arranged among the sampling assembly, the pressure detection assembly and the water content detection assembly and comprises a transfer table and a sliding rail element, the transfer table is connected with a sliding table of the sliding rail element, and the first end of the sliding rail element is located in the rotating track range of the rotating table; when the rotary table drives the sampling assembly to rotate, a sample can be directly transferred to the transfer table, and the second end sequentially penetrates through the pressure detection assembly and the water content detection assembly; the section from the pressure detection assembly to the water content detection assembly in the sliding rail element is obliquely arranged, and the water content detection assembly is lower than the pressure detection assembly in the vertical position. The invention provides a rock-soil detection device and method for highway engineering geological investigation, which can detect rock-soil in situ.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geological exploration technology, and in particular to a device and method for testing soil and rock in geological exploration for highway engineering. Background Technology

[0002] In highway construction, geological and geotechnical investigation is a crucial step in ensuring the safety, economy, and sustainability of the project. Through drilling, geophysical exploration, and other methods, investigations can identify the geological structure, soil and rock properties, and adverse geological phenomena along the route. This provides a scientific basis for route optimization, foundation treatment, and structural design, preventing accidents such as settlement and landslides caused by geological risks. Simultaneously, investigation data can guide reasonable construction techniques, reduce project costs, and minimize damage to the ecological environment. Insufficient investigation may lead to design errors, construction obstacles, or frequent later-stage defects, significantly increasing maintenance costs. Therefore, strictly adhering to geological investigation standards is an important guarantee for the smooth implementation and long-term stable operation of highway projects.

[0003] Existing geotechnical testing equipment requires samples to be taken from a sampling tube and then sent back to the laboratory for testing, which results in problems such as low efficiency, large data dispersion, and poor real-time performance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a device and method for detecting soil and rock in highway engineering geological surveys, which can detect soil and rock in situ.

[0005] This invention provides a device and method for testing soil and rock in geological exploration of highway engineering, including: a mobile frame and a sampling component, a pressure detection component and a moisture content detection component connected thereto, wherein a transfer component for transferring samples is provided between the sampling component, the pressure detection component and the moisture content detection component.

[0006] The sampling assembly is rotatably connected to the mobile frame via a rotary table. The sampling assembly includes a sampling cylinder, a drill rod, and a linear motion assembly. The sampling cylinder is fixed inside the drill rod, and the linear motion assembly drives the drill rod to reciprocate along its axial direction.

[0007] The transfer assembly includes a transfer platform and a slide rail element. The transfer platform and the slide rail element are connected by a slide. The first end of the slide rail element is located within the rotation trajectory range of the rotary table, so that when the rotary table drives the sampling assembly to rotate, the sample can be directly transferred to the transfer platform. The second end passes through the pressure detection assembly and the moisture content detection assembly in sequence. The section of the slide rail element from the pressure detection assembly to the moisture content detection assembly is arranged at an inclination. The moisture content detection assembly is lower than the pressure detection assembly in the vertical position.

[0008] Optionally, the linear motion assembly includes a ball screw pair, which is vertically rotatably connected to the rotary table, and the nut of the ball screw pair is fixedly connected to the drill rod.

[0009] Optionally, the pressure detection assembly includes: a first hydraulic cylinder, a pressure plate, and a first pressure sensor. The cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder is fixed above the mobile frame, the pressure plate is connected to the piston rod end of the first hydraulic cylinder, the pressure plate faces the slide rail of the slide rail element, and the first pressure sensor is fixedly connected to the pressure plate.

[0010] Optionally, the moisture content detection component includes: a drying oven, a weighing platform, and a weighing sensor. The drying oven is fixed on the weighing platform, and a weighing sensor is fixed at the bottom of the weighing platform. The upper end of the drying oven has a feed inlet located below the second end of the slide rail element. The weighing sensor is a high-temperature sensor.

[0011] Optionally, a booster element is fixed inside the sampling cylinder. The booster element includes a second hydraulic cylinder and a pusher plate. The cylinder body of the second hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder, and the pusher plate is connected to the piston rod end of the second hydraulic cylinder. The profile of the pusher plate is adapted to the cross-section of the inner cavity of the sampling cylinder.

[0012] Optionally, the outer wall of the drill pipe is spirally provided with a slag discharge groove, the spiral line of the slag discharge groove makes an angle of 30° with the axis of the drill bit, and the slag discharge groove is a trapezoidal groove.

[0013] Optionally, a second pressure sensor is connected to the drill end of the drill pipe. The second pressure sensor is used to detect the rock and soil resistance during the drilling process.

[0014] Optionally, a camera is also included, which is fixed to the mobile frame via a gimbal, with the camera's field of view facing the sample-bearing surface of the transfer platform and covering the entire area of ​​the sample-bearing surface.

[0015] Optionally, the mobile frame is equipped with omnidirectional wheels with locking function at the bottom, and adjustable support legs are also distributed circumferentially on the mobile frame.

[0016] A detection method for a geotechnical testing device for highway engineering geological investigation, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1. Move the device to the survey point using the casters at the bottom of the mobile frame, lock the casters to prevent slippage, unfold the adjustable legs distributed around the circumference of the mobile frame, and adjust it to a horizontal and stable state to ensure a smooth sampling and testing process.

[0018] S2. Start the linear motion component to drive the drill rod and sampling cylinder to move downward along the axis to perform rock and soil drilling. After sampling is completed, the linear motion component raises the drill rod to the initial position.

[0019] S3. The rotary table drives the sampling component to rotate, pouring the soil and rock sample in the drill pipe onto the transfer platform. The slide rail component drives the transfer platform to move along the slide rail, transporting the sample to the pressure detection component.

[0020] S4. The pressure testing component performs compressive strength or bearing capacity tests on the soil and rock samples on the transfer platform, records the data, and after the pressure test is completed, the slide table of the slide rail element continues to move, and slides the sample to the moisture content testing component through the inclined section.

[0021] S5. The moisture content detection component measures the moisture content of the soil and rock samples, obtains moisture content data, and cleans the residual sample on the transfer platform after the test is completed, in preparation for the next sampling.

[0022] S6. Repeat steps S2 to S5 to take multiple samples at different depths or locations of the same exploration point.

[0023] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: This invention mainly consists of a mobile frame, a sampling component, a pressure detection component, a moisture content detection component, and a transfer component, realizing automated collection, transfer, and multi-parameter detection of soil and rock samples. The mobile frame serves as a carrying platform and is adaptable to terrain. The sampling component is connected to the frame via a rotary table and includes a sampling cylinder, a drill rod, and a linear drive mechanism, enabling vertical drilling and unloading to the transfer table via rotation. The transfer component consists of a transfer table with a slide rail. One end receives the unloading from the sampling component, and the other end passes sequentially through the pressure and moisture content detection zones, forming a detection pipeline. After sampling, the rotary table transfers the sample to the transfer table, where it first enters the pressure detection zone for mechanical testing along the slide rail, and then automatically slides into the moisture content detection zone by gravity using an inclined slide rail section. This design achieves seamless connection between sampling and detection through mechanical linkage, avoiding sample disturbance caused by manual handling; the modular layout allows each detection stage to operate independently, and the inclined slide rail reduces energy consumption and mechanical complexity. The standardized operation of the entire device significantly improves exploration efficiency and data reliability, making it suitable for engineering exploration in complex field environments. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a geotechnical testing device for highway engineering geological exploration provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A front view of a geotechnical testing device for highway engineering geological exploration provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 Provided for embodiments of the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drill pipe provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drill pipe structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0030] 1. Mobile frame; 2. Sampling assembly; 3. Pressure detection assembly; 4. Moisture content detection assembly; 5. Transfer assembly; 11. Rotary table; 21. Sampling cylinder; 22. Drill rod; 23. Linear movement assembly; 51. Transfer table; 52. Slide rail element; 31. First hydraulic cylinder; 32. Pressure plate; 33. First pressure sensor; 41. Drying box; 42. Weighing platform; 43. Weighing sensor; 211. Boosting element; 2111. Second hydraulic cylinder; 2112. Push plate; 221. Slag discharge chute; 222. Second pressure sensor; 6. Camera; 61. Universal gimbal; 7. Universal wheels; 8. Adjustable outriggers. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following detailed description of a specific embodiment of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiment.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the technical solution of this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0033] The present invention will be described below through several specific embodiments. To keep the following description of the embodiments clear and concise, detailed descriptions of known functions and components may be omitted. When any component of an embodiment of the present invention appears in more than one drawing, the component may be represented by the same reference numerals in each drawing.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a geotechnical testing device for highway engineering geological exploration provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a front view of a geotechnical testing device for highway engineering geological exploration provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 Provided for embodiments of the present invention Figure 2 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drill pipe provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drill pipe structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a geotechnical testing device and method for highway engineering geological exploration, including: a mobile frame 1 and a sampling component 2, a pressure detection component 3, and a moisture content detection component 4 connected thereto. A transfer component 5 for transferring samples is provided between the sampling component 2, the pressure detection component 3, and the moisture content detection component 4. The sampling component 2 is rotatably connected to the mobile frame 1 via a rotary table 11. The sampling component 2 includes: a sampling cylinder 21, a drill rod 22, and a linear motion component 23. The sampling cylinder 21 is fixed inside the drill rod 22, and the linear motion component 23 drives... The drill rod 22 reciprocates along its axial direction; the transfer assembly 5 includes: a transfer table 51 and a slide rail element 52. The transfer table 51 is connected to the slide rail element 52. The first end of the slide rail element 52 is located within the rotation trajectory range of the rotary table 11, so that when the rotary table 11 drives the sampling assembly 2 to rotate, the sample can be directly transferred to the transfer table 51. The second end passes through the pressure detection assembly and the moisture content detection assembly 4 in sequence. The section from the pressure detection assembly to the moisture content detection assembly 4 in the slide rail element 52 is arranged at an inclination. The moisture content detection assembly 4 is lower than the pressure detection assembly 3 in the vertical position.

[0036] This invention mainly consists of a mobile frame 1, a sampling component 2, a pressure detection component 3, a moisture content detection component 4, and a transfer component 5. It enables automated collection, transfer, and multi-parameter detection of soil and rock samples, significantly improving the efficiency and accuracy of engineering geological exploration. The core principle lies in reducing manual intervention through mechanical linkage and modular layout, ensuring sample integrity during the testing process, and meeting the operational needs of complex field environments. Structurally, the mobile frame 1 serves as the platform for the entire device, possessing excellent mobility and stability, suitable for exploration sites with varying terrains. The sampling component 2 is connected to the frame via a rotary table 11 and includes a sampling cylinder 21, a drill rod 22, and a linear motion component 23. The linear motion component 23 drives the drill rod 22 to reciprocate axially, achieving vertical drilling and sampling of soil and rock. After sampling, the rotary table 11 rotates the sampling component 2, directly unloading the sample onto the transfer platform 51 of the transfer component 5, avoiding sample disturbance or damage that may occur with traditional manual transfer. The transfer assembly 5 consists of a transfer platform 51 and a slide rail element 52. The slide of the slide rail element 52 is connected to the transfer platform 51. Its first end is located within the rotation trajectory of the rotary table 11, ensuring accurate unloading of the sampling assembly 2. The second end passes sequentially through the pressure detection assembly 3 and the moisture content detection assembly 4, forming a complete testing pipeline. The working principle of this device follows an efficient and continuous operation process. First, the sampling assembly 2 completes the drilling of the soil and rock sample under the drive of the linear motion assembly 23. Then, the rotary table 11 rotates, transferring the sample to the transfer platform 51. The transfer platform 51 moves along the slide rail, first reaching the pressure detection assembly 3 for testing the compressive strength or penetration resistance of the soil and rock. After the test is completed, the sample continues to move along the slide rail. Because the slide rail is inclined between the pressure detection assembly 3 and the moisture content detection assembly 4, and the vertical position of the moisture content detection assembly 4 is relatively low, the sample can automatically slide into the moisture content detection area by gravity for moisture content analysis such as drying and weighing or sensor measurement. The entire process requires no manual handling, improving both testing speed and data accuracy. The integrated design seamlessly connects sampling, pressure testing, and moisture content testing, reducing sample transfer time and human error between different testing stages, making it particularly suitable for large-scale engineering survey projects. The rotation table 11 and the sliding rails enable precise sample transfer, avoiding sample structure damage caused by multiple handling in traditional methods and ensuring the reliability of the test data. The inclined sliding rail section utilizes gravity to transport samples, reducing energy consumption and mechanical complexity. The design of the mobile frame 1 enhances the adaptability of the device, enabling stable operation under various terrain conditions and meeting the needs of field surveys. Furthermore, the standardized operating procedures of this device reduce personnel training costs and improve the overall efficiency of engineering surveys.

[0037] Optional, see reference Figure 1The linear motion assembly 23 includes a ball screw pair, which is vertically rotatably connected to the rotary table 11, and the nut of the ball screw pair is fixedly connected to the drill rod 22.

[0038] The ball screw assembly is vertically mounted on the rotary table 11 via bearings, with its nut rigidly connected to the drill rod 22. When the drive motor rotates the screw through a coupling, the nut drives the drill rod 22 to make precise linear movements in the vertical direction, thereby controlling the drilling and lifting actions of the sampling cylinder 21. The transmission accuracy of the ball screw assembly ensures the verticality and stability of the drill rod 22's movement, effectively avoiding skewness during sampling. This is crucial for maintaining the original structure and integrity of the soil and rock samples. High transmission efficiency and extremely low friction coefficient not only reduce energy consumption but also ensure smooth and reliable drilling operations under various geological conditions. The compact structural design perfectly fits the space constraints of the rotary table 11, while sealing treatment enhances durability in harsh field environments. It can be used with servo motors and encoders to achieve closed-loop control of drilling speed and pressure, providing a hardware foundation for intelligent sampling. Compared to traditional hydraulic or rack and pinion drives, this ball screw pair design offers significant advantages in accuracy, efficiency, and reliability. It can adapt to diverse geological conditions, ranging from soft soil to hard rock, and ensures consistent sample quality, providing reliable sample assurance for subsequent pressure and moisture content testing. This innovative design fully demonstrates the advanced technology of this device in the field of engineering geological exploration and serves as a crucial technical support for achieving automated, high-precision geotechnical testing.

[0039] Optional, see reference Figure 1 The pressure detection component 3 includes: a first hydraulic cylinder 31, a pressure plate 32 and a first pressure sensor 33. The cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder 31 is fixed above the mobile frame 1. The pressure plate 32 is connected to the piston rod end of the first hydraulic cylinder 31. The pressure plate 32 faces the slide rail of the slide rail element 52. The first pressure sensor 33 is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 32.

[0040] In this embodiment of the invention, the pressure detection component 3 consists of a first hydraulic cylinder 31, a pressure plate 32, and a first pressure sensor 33. The cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder 31 is fixed above the moving frame 1, and the end of its piston rod is connected to the pressure plate 32. The pressure plate 32 is arranged directly opposite the slide rail of the slide rail element 52, and the first pressure sensor 33 is integrated and installed on the pressure plate 32. The working principle of this component is as follows: when the transfer platform 51 transports the soil sample to the detection position, the first hydraulic cylinder 31 drives the pressure plate 32 to move downward, applying vertical pressure to the sample. At this time, the first pressure sensor 33 monitors and records the pressure data in real time. By measuring the deformation characteristics or compressive strength of the soil sample during the compression process, accurate mechanical performance parameters are obtained. The hydraulic system provides stable and precisely controllable pressure output, ensuring the reliability of the testing process. The pressure sensor, directly integrated into the pressure plate 32, provides real-time force data feedback, avoiding errors that may occur with traditional indirect measurement methods. The compact structure seamlessly integrates with the slide rail element 52, achieving a high degree of automation in the testing process. The large stroke of the hydraulic cylinder adapts to the testing needs of samples of different sizes, while the robust mechanical structure design ensures long-term stable operation in complex field environments. This pressure testing solution not only improves testing efficiency and accuracy but also completely records the stress-strain curves of soil and rock samples, providing more comprehensive data support for engineering geological assessment and fully demonstrating the technological advancement of this device in the field of soil and rock mechanics testing.

[0041] Optional, see reference Figure 2 The moisture content detection component 4 includes: a drying box 41, a weighing platform 42 and a weighing sensor 43. The drying box 41 is fixed on the weighing platform 42. The weighing sensor 43 is fixed at the bottom of the weighing platform 42. The upper end of the drying box 41 has a feed inlet located below the second end of the slide rail element 52. The weighing sensor 43 is a high temperature sensor.

[0042] The moisture content detection component 4 in this embodiment of the invention mainly consists of a drying chamber 41, a weighing platform 42, and a weighing sensor 43. The drying chamber 41 is fixedly installed above the weighing platform 42, and a special high-temperature weighing sensor 43 is configured at the bottom of the weighing platform 42. The feed inlet at the top of the drying chamber 41 is precisely aligned below the second end of the slide rail element 52, ensuring that the soil sample can smoothly slide into the detection area. The working principle of this component is as follows: when the soil sample automatically slides into the drying chamber 41 via the inclined slide rail, the drying chamber 41 heats the sample at a constant temperature to evaporate moisture. During this process, the high-temperature weighing sensor 43 continuously monitors the mass change of the sample, and accurately calculates the moisture content data based on the mass difference before and after drying. Employing an integrated drying and weighing structure, this system achieves a fully automated detection process from sample reception to moisture content calculation, significantly improving work efficiency. The specially selected high-temperature weighing sensor 43 operates stably in the drying environment, solving the technical challenge of accuracy degradation in traditional sensors at high temperatures. The precise alignment design of the drying chamber 41 and the slide rail ensures non-destructive sample transfer, avoiding errors that may arise from manual operation. The modular design of this component facilitates maintenance and calibration, while the enclosed drying environment guarantees the safety of the detection process. This moisture content detection solution not only boasts high measurement accuracy and repeatability but also completely avoids the use of chemical reagents, making it more environmentally friendly and reliable. It is particularly suitable for the rapid on-site testing needs of field engineering surveys, fully demonstrating the technological innovation advantages of this device in the testing of geotechnical physical properties.

[0043] Optional, see reference Figure 4 A booster element 211 is fixed inside the sampling cylinder 21. The booster element 211 includes a second hydraulic cylinder 2111 and a pusher plate 2112. The cylinder body of the second hydraulic cylinder 2111 is fixed to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 21. The pusher plate 2112 is connected to the piston rod end of the second hydraulic cylinder 2111. The outline of the pusher plate 2112 is adapted to the cross section of the inner cavity of the sampling cylinder 21.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, a hydraulic booster element 211 is integrated inside the sampling cylinder 21. The booster element 211 consists of a second hydraulic cylinder 2111 and a pusher plate 2112. The cylinder body of the second hydraulic cylinder 2111 is fixed on the inner wall of the sampling cylinder 21, and the piston rod end is connected to the pusher plate 2112, which is perfectly matched with the cross-section of the inner cavity of the sampling cylinder 21. After the sampling tube 21 completes the soil and rock sampling, the second hydraulic cylinder 2111 drives the push plate 2112 to move along the axial direction of the sampling tube 21, smoothly and completely pushing out the sample inside the tube. This ensures that the sample maintains its original structure and layers during the transfer process. The hydraulically driven push plate 2112 can provide a uniform and stable pushing force, avoiding sample disturbance or deformation caused by mechanical squeezing. It is particularly suitable for maintaining the original state of loose soil samples or layered rock samples. The precise fit design between the push plate 2112 and the inner cavity of the sampling tube 21 ensures the smoothness of the pushing process and effectively prevents soil sample residue, improving the sampling integrity rate. The pusher element 211 has a compact structure, does not occupy extra space, and is completely built into the sampling tube 21. It does not affect the normal sampling operation and can achieve rapid sample unloading. The controllability of the hydraulic system allows the pushing speed and force to be adjusted according to different soil types, significantly improving the adaptability of the device to different working conditions.

[0045] Optional, see reference Figure 5 The outer wall of the drill rod 22 is spirally provided with a slag discharge groove 221. The spiral line of the slag discharge groove 221 is at an angle of 30° with the axis of the drill bit. The slag discharge groove 221 is a trapezoidal groove.

[0046] In this embodiment of the invention, a slag removal structure is designed on the outer wall of the drill rod 22, with a spiral trapezoidal slag removal groove 221 forming a 30° angle between the drill bit axis and the groove. During drilling and sampling, the rotation of the drill rod 22 drives the slag removal groove 221 to form a spiral conveying effect. Under the centrifugal force and the guiding action of the groove, the rock cuttings generated by drilling are continuously discharged upward along the 30° inclined trapezoidal groove, effectively preventing the accumulation of drill cuttings in the hole. The 30° helix angle ensures smooth cuttings discharge without excessively increasing rotational resistance. Compared to traditional rectangular grooves, the trapezoidal groove cross-section structure has higher structural strength and can withstand greater torsional loads. At the same time, its gradually changing groove wall angle is more conducive to the flow of cuttings and prevents slag jamming. Furthermore, the helical slag discharge and the rotation of the drill rod 22 work together to achieve real-time and continuous automatic slag removal during drilling, which significantly improves drilling efficiency. It is particularly suitable for operation in conditions prone to drilling blockage, such as cohesive soil or fractured rock formations. This integrated slag discharge design does not require an additional power unit; slag discharge can be completed by the rotation of the drill rod 22 itself, which simplifies the structure and improves reliability.

[0047] Optional, see reference Figure 3 The drill rod 22 is connected to a second pressure sensor 222 at the drilling end. The second pressure sensor 222 is used to detect the rock and soil resistance during the drilling process.

[0048] In this embodiment of the invention, a second pressure sensor 222 is integrated into the connection point of the drill rod 22 during drilling to monitor changes in axial resistance in real time during the drilling process. During drilling, the second pressure sensor 222, based on the strain detection principle, converts the dynamic resistance generated by the interaction between the drill bit and the soil layer into an electrical signal output, providing real-time feedback of drilling pressure data. Firstly, by monitoring drilling resistance in real time, operators can accurately determine the hardness changes and stratification of the underground soil layer, enabling immediate analysis of geological conditions. The sensor data can be linked with the control system to automatically adjust the drilling speed and downward pressure. When encountering hard rock layers, the feed rate is reduced to protect the drill bit, while efficiency is improved in soft soil layers, achieving intelligent adaptive drilling. The sensor, directly installed at the drill end, can acquire the most accurate raw data, avoiding signal attenuation and error interference present in traditional indirect measurement methods. This design provides quantitative evidence for geological exploration; by analyzing the resistance curve, different geological interfaces can be accurately identified, significantly improving the accuracy and reliability of exploration data.

[0049] Optional, see reference Figure 1 It also includes a camera 6, which is fixed to the mobile frame 1 by a gimbal 61. The camera 6 is aimed at the sample bearing surface of the transfer table 51, and its field of view covers the entire area of ​​the sample bearing surface.

[0050] In this embodiment of the invention, a high-definition camera 6 is securely mounted on a mobile frame 1 using a gimbal 61. Its lens is precisely aligned with the sample-bearing surface of the transfer platform 51, and its wide-angle lens design ensures complete coverage of the entire surface area. Throughout the transport and testing of soil and rock samples, the camera 6 continuously captures real-time images of the samples. Image processing technology is used to intelligently analyze the morphological characteristics and surface condition of the samples. The gimbal 61 structure allows for flexible multi-angle adjustment of the camera 6, ensuring optimal viewing angles under various operating conditions. This effectively solves the visual blind spot problem inherent in traditional fixed-angle monitoring. The wide field-of-view design completely records the sample's state changes on the transfer platform 51, providing comprehensive visual data support for subsequent analysis. Combined with image recognition algorithms, the system can automatically identify key information such as sample integrity and layering characteristics, achieving non-contact quality inspection. The visual recording function provides a traceable image archive for the entire testing process, facilitating subsequent data verification and quality control. This intelligent visual monitoring solution not only significantly improves the transparency and reliability of the testing process but also provides fundamental data support for establishing digital twin models of soil and rock samples.

[0051] Optional, see reference Figure 1 The bottom of the mobile frame 1 is equipped with universal wheels 7 with locking function, and the mobile frame 1 also has adjustable support legs 8 distributed circumferentially.

[0052] When the equipment moves, the seven sets of casters can rotate freely 360°, facilitating flexible positioning in complex terrain. Upon reaching the work position, the casters are secured by a mechanical locking device, while hydraulic outriggers extend to support the ground, forming a stable working platform. The seven sets of casters with locking function ensure both the flexibility of equipment movement and reliable positioning, solving the problems of inconvenient movement and inaccurate positioning of traditional survey equipment. The circumferentially distributed adjustable outriggers 8, controlled independently by hydraulics, can achieve three-dimensional leveling, ensuring the equipment remains horizontally stable even in complex terrain with slopes not exceeding 15°, creating ideal conditions for precision testing. The outriggers and locking casters form a dual stabilization mechanism, effectively suppressing vibration interference during drilling operations and improving sampling accuracy. This support system enables the equipment to adapt to various field conditions such as soft soil, gravel, and slopes, significantly improving the site adaptability of the device.

[0053] A detection method for a geotechnical testing device for highway engineering geological investigation, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0054] S1. Move the device to the survey point using the casters 7 at the bottom of the mobile frame 1, lock the casters 7 to prevent slipping, unfold the adjustable legs 8 distributed around the circumference of the mobile frame 1, and adjust it to a horizontal and stable state to ensure a smooth sampling and testing process.

[0055] S2. Start the linear motion component 23 to drive the drill rod 22 and sampling cylinder 21 to move downward along the axis to perform rock and soil drilling. After sampling is completed, the linear motion component 23 lifts the drill rod 22 to the initial position.

[0056] S3. The rotating table 11 drives the sampling component 2 to rotate, pouring the soil and rock sample in the drill rod 22 onto the transfer table 51. The slide table of the slide rail component 52 drives the transfer table 51 to move along the slide rail, transporting the sample to the pressure detection component 3.

[0057] S4. The pressure testing component 3 tests the compressive strength or bearing capacity of the soil and rock sample on the transfer platform 51, records the data, and after the pressure test is completed, the slide table of the slide rail element 52 continues to move and slides the sample to the moisture content testing component 4 through the inclined section.

[0058] S5, the moisture content detection component 4 measures the moisture content of the soil and rock sample and obtains the moisture content data. After the test is completed, the residual sample on the transfer platform 51 is cleaned to prepare for the next sampling.

[0059] S6. Repeat steps S2 to S5 to take multiple samples at different depths or locations of the same exploration point.

[0060] The above inventions are merely a few specific embodiments of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A geotechnical testing device for highway engineering geological investigation, characterized in that, include: The mobile frame (1) and the sampling component (2), pressure detection component (3) and moisture content detection component (4) connected thereto, with a transfer component (5) for transferring samples between the sampling component (2), pressure detection component (3) and moisture content detection component (4); The sampling assembly (2) is rotatably connected to the mobile frame (1) via a rotary table (11). The sampling assembly (2) includes a sampling cylinder (21), a drill rod (22), and a linear motion assembly (23). The sampling cylinder (21) is fixed inside the drill rod (22), and the linear motion assembly (23) drives the drill rod (22) to reciprocate along its axial direction. The transfer assembly (5) includes a transfer platform (51) and a slide rail element (52). The transfer platform (51) is connected to the slide of the slide rail element (52). The first end of the slide rail element (52) is located within the rotation trajectory range of the rotating platform (11) so that when the rotating platform (11) drives the sampling assembly (2) to rotate, the sample can be directly transferred to the transfer platform (51). The second end passes through the pressure detection assembly and the moisture content detection assembly (4) in sequence. The section from the pressure detection assembly to the moisture content detection assembly (4) in the slide rail element (52) is arranged at an inclination. The moisture content detection assembly (4) is lower than the pressure detection assembly (3) in the vertical position.

2. The geotechnical testing device for highway engineering geological investigation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The linear motion assembly (23) includes a ball screw pair, which is vertically rotatably connected to the rotary table (11), and the nut of the ball screw pair is fixedly connected to the drill rod (22).

3. The geotechnical testing device for highway engineering geological investigation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure detection assembly (3) includes: a first hydraulic cylinder (31), a pressure plate (32) and a first pressure sensor (33). The cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder (31) is fixed above the mobile frame (1). The pressure plate (32) is connected to the piston rod end of the first hydraulic cylinder (31). The pressure plate (32) faces the slide rail of the slide rail element (52). The first pressure sensor (33) is fixedly connected to the pressure plate (32).

4. The geotechnical testing device for highway engineering geological investigation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The moisture content detection component (4) includes: a drying box (41), a weighing platform (42) and a weighing sensor (43). The drying box (41) is fixed on the weighing platform (42). The weighing sensor (43) is fixed at the bottom of the weighing platform (42). The drying box (41) has an inlet at the top. The inlet is located below the second end of the slide rail element (52). The weighing sensor (43) is a high temperature sensor.

5. The geotechnical testing device for highway engineering geological investigation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A booster element (211) is fixed inside the sampling cylinder (21). The booster element (211) includes a second hydraulic cylinder (2111) and a pusher plate (2112). The cylinder body of the second hydraulic cylinder (2111) is fixed to the inner wall of the sampling cylinder (21). The pusher plate (2112) is connected to the piston rod end of the second hydraulic cylinder (2111). The outline of the pusher plate (2112) is adapted to the cross-section of the inner cavity of the sampling cylinder (21).

6. The geotechnical testing device for highway engineering geological investigation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the drill rod (22) is spirally provided with a slag discharge groove (221), the spiral line of the slag discharge groove (221) is at an angle of 30° with the axis of the drill bit, and the slag discharge groove (221) is a trapezoidal groove.

7. The geotechnical testing device for highway engineering geological investigation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drill rod (22) is connected to a second pressure sensor (222) at the drilling end. The second pressure sensor (222) is used to detect the soil and rock resistance during the drilling process.

8. The geotechnical testing device for highway engineering geological investigation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a camera (6), which is fixed to the mobile frame (1) by a gimbal (61). The camera (6) is aimed at the sample bearing surface of the transfer table (51), and its field of view covers the entire area of ​​the sample bearing surface.

9. The geotechnical testing device for highway engineering geological investigation as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the mobile frame (1) is equipped with universal wheels (7) with locking function, and the mobile frame (1) is also equipped with adjustable support legs (8) distributed circumferentially.

10. A detection method for the geotechnical testing device for highway engineering geological investigation as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Move the device to the survey point by using the casters (7) at the bottom of the mobile frame (1), lock the casters (7) to prevent slippage, unfold the adjustable legs (8) distributed around the mobile frame (1), adjust to a horizontal and stable state, and ensure that the sampling and testing process is smooth. S2. Start the linear motion component (23) to drive the drill rod (22) and sampling cylinder (21) to move downward along the axis to perform rock and soil drilling. After sampling is completed, the linear motion component (23) lifts the drill rod (22) to the initial position. S3. The rotating table (11) drives the sampling component (2) to rotate, pouring the soil and rock sample in the drill rod (22) onto the transfer table (51). The slide of the slide rail component (52) drives the transfer table (51) to move along the slide rail, transporting the sample to the pressure detection component (3). S4. The pressure testing component (3) tests the compressive strength or bearing capacity of the soil and rock sample on the transfer platform (51), records the data, and after the pressure test is completed, the slide of the slide rail element (52) continues to move and slides the sample to the moisture content testing component (4) through the inclined section. S5. The moisture content detection component (4) measures the moisture content of the soil and rock sample and obtains the moisture content data. After the test is completed, the residual sample on the transfer table (51) is cleaned and prepared for the next sampling. S6. Repeat steps S2 to S5 to take multiple samples at different depths or locations of the same exploration point.

Images