Method and device for testing energy storage density of energy storage capacitor

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy storage density testing method and device for an energy storage capacitor, and relates to the field of capacitor performance testing, and the method comprises the following steps: 1, placing the capacitor; step 2, adjusting a simulation environment, setting initial parameters including temperature and pressure through a control system, and respectively starting a pressure adjusting module and a heating pipe in sequence; step 3, monitoring electric quantity change, closing a charging loop, recording electric quantity change data in a charging process by an electric quantity monitoring module, and monitoring gas composition and pressure change in the box through a sealing detection module; according to the method, the two performances of the energy storage capacitor can be synchronously tested under the simulated actual working environment, the existing test separation problem is solved, the specific effect and the real-time effect of the sealing performance on the energy storage performance under different working conditions are captured, and reliable data support is provided for evaluating the actual performance and the stability of an energy storage system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of capacitor performance testing, specifically to a method and apparatus for testing the energy storage density of an energy storage capacitor. Background Technology

[0002] As an important energy storage component, energy storage capacitors are widely used in new energy, rail transportation, pulse power and other fields. The energy storage density and sealing performance of energy storage capacitors are key indicators for measuring their quality and reliability. Good sealing performance can ensure that the electrolyte inside the capacitor does not leak and is not affected by the external environment, thereby ensuring the stability of its energy storage performance and service life.

[0003] Currently, the testing of energy storage capacitors usually involves separating energy storage performance testing and sealing performance testing. Energy storage performance testing mainly involves testing parameters such as capacitor capacity, energy storage density, and efficiency through charge-discharge cycles; while sealing performance testing mainly involves observing whether there is electrolyte leakage after high-temperature and high-pressure aging and vibration and impact.

[0004] This method of separate testing has certain limitations in practical applications because it is not easy to accurately reflect the immediate impact of dynamic changes in sealing performance on energy storage performance under actual operating conditions. In other words, through this separate testing method, it is difficult to fully capture the specific role and real-time effect of sealing performance on energy storage performance under different operating conditions, and thus it may be impossible to fully evaluate the actual performance and stability of the energy storage system. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method and apparatus for testing the energy storage density of an energy storage capacitor, so as to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for testing the energy storage density of an energy storage capacitor includes the following steps: Step 1: Capacitor Placement. Place the energy storage capacitor to be tested in the insulating support block inside the environmental simulation chamber. It is clamped and fixed by the mounting mechanism, which is adaptable to both square and round capacitors. Then, the insulating support block is driven by the lead screw to move the energy storage capacitor closer to the conductive contact until the conductive contact is in good contact with the capacitor electrode. Then, close the sealing door. Step 2: Adjust the simulation environment. Set the initial parameters, including temperature and pressure, through the control system. Then, start the pressure regulation module and the heating tube in sequence to adjust the environmental parameters inside the chamber to the set test parameters. Step 3: Monitor power changes, close the charging circuit, and power the battery to charge the energy storage capacitor. The power monitoring module records the power change data during the charging process. When the preset charging time is reached, charging is stopped, and the environmental parameters are kept unchanged. After a period of time, the gas composition and pressure changes inside the box are monitored by the sealing detection module. Then the discharge circuit is closed, the energy storage capacitor discharges, the power monitoring module records the power change data during the discharge process, and then the temperature and pressure parameters inside the box are adjusted. The charging and discharging steps are repeated to conduct multiple sets of tests under different environmental conditions. Step 4: Analysis and Evaluation. Based on the recorded changes in charge and sealing test data, analyze the correlation between the energy storage performance and sealing performance of the energy storage capacitor under test, and evaluate its energy storage sealing performance.

[0007] Specifically, in step three of this technical solution, when adjusting the environmental parameters, a step-by-step adjustment is adopted. After each adjustment, the environmental parameters are kept stable for a period of time before the charge and discharge test is performed.

[0008] Specifically, in step one of this technical solution, the positive and negative terminals of the power supply battery are connected to the positive and negative input terminals of the power monitoring module via wires. The positive and negative output terminals of the power monitoring module are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the conductive contacts via wires. The positive and negative terminals of the conductive contacts are in close contact with the positive and negative terminals of the energy storage capacitor, respectively, with a contact resistance of less than 10mΩ. This contact resistance value can be detected and confirmed by a dedicated resistance measuring instrument.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, an energy storage density testing device for an energy storage capacitor will also be provided. The opening of the environmental simulation box is equipped with a sealed door by a door card. The pressure regulating module is set on the top of the environmental simulation box. The pressure regulating module includes a vacuum pump and an air compressor. Heating tubes are fixed vertically on the side of the environmental simulation box away from the sealed door. The sealing detection module is installed on the inner wall of the environmental simulation box by screws and is located between the two heating tubes. The sealing detection module includes a mounting plate. A gas sensor array, a pressure sensor, a gas analysis unit, and a temperature sensor are respectively installed on the mounting plate. The outer wall of the environmental simulation box is fitted with a protective shell. Inside the protective shell, a power supply battery and a power monitoring module are installed. Inside the environmental simulation box, on the inner wall of the protective shell, a fixing block is installed. The side of the fixing block away from the box wall is fitted with conductive contacts. An insulating support block is located inside the environmental simulation box. A square placement slot is formed on the side of the insulating support block near the fixing block. A moving block slides in the placement slot. A circular insertion slot is formed at the center of the moving block. An n-shaped frame plate is fixed to the top and bottom of the insulating support block. Protective shells are fixed to the surfaces of the two n-shaped frame plates away from the insulating support block. The installation mechanism consists of a return spring, a clamping assembly, and a lead screw. The return spring is located between the moving block and the placement slot. The clamping assembly is located at the top and bottom of the insulating support block and is used to clamp the placed square and circular energy storage capacitors.

[0010] Specifically, the clamping assembly is provided in two sets, each located in a protective shell. Each set of clamping assemblies includes two straight clamping plates and one arched clamping plate. Corresponding through slots are provided on the insulating support block at the positions of the straight clamping plates and the arched clamping plates. A first sleeve is provided on the upper surface of each of the two straight clamping plates, and a threaded rod is provided in each of the two first sleeves. The upper surface of each of the two straight clamping plates is fixedly connected to the corresponding threaded rod. A worm gear is provided above the top of each of the two first sleeves, and a rotating shaft is fixedly passed through the center of each of the two worm gears. A connecting shaft is fixed at the top of each of the two first sleeves. The connecting shaft and the rotating shaft are connected by a magnetic coupler. A worm is meshed with one side of each of the two worm gears.

[0011] Specifically, in this technical solution, both ends of the worm gear are rotatably connected to the inner sidewall of the protective shell via shafts. One shaft extends through the sidewall of the protective shell to the outside, and a driven sprocket is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall. The insulating support block is mounted on the outer wall of the sealing door with screws, and a drive motor is mounted inside the housing with screws. A drive sprocket is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the output end of the drive motor. The drive sprocket is connected to the driven sprockets in the two clamping assemblies via chain drive.

[0012] Specifically, in this technical solution, the upper and lower surfaces of the movable block are provided with through grooves that match the arched clamping plate. The through grooves communicate with the insertion groove. A second sleeve is provided above the arched clamping plate, and a threaded rod is provided in the second sleeve. The upper surface of the arched clamping plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the threaded rod, and a connecting shaft is fixedly provided at the top of the second sleeve. A transmission shaft is provided above the top of the connecting shaft. The connecting shaft and the transmission shaft are connected by a magnetic coupler. A transmission wheel is fixedly sleeved on the top of the outer wall of the transmission shaft and a rotating shaft. The two transmission wheels are connected by a transmission chain.

[0013] Specifically, the tops of the two first sleeves and the second sleeve all penetrate the n-shaped frame plate and are located inside the protective shell. The tops of the two rotating shafts and the transmission shaft are rotatably connected to the inner top wall of the protective shell. A second telescopic rod is fixed to one side of the upper surface of the two straight clamping plates and the arched clamping plate. The top of each second telescopic rod is fixed to the lower surface of the n-shaped frame plate with screws.

[0014] Specifically, in this technical solution, the two ends of the reset spring are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the moving block and the wall of the placement groove, respectively. The outer wall of the insulating support block away from the conductive contact is symmetrically fixed with first telescopic rods. The telescopic ends of the two first telescopic rods extend through the wall into the placement groove and are fixed with screws on the outer wall of the moving block.

[0015] Specifically, in this technical solution, the two ends of the lead screw are rotatably connected to the walls of the environmental simulation chamber. A guide rod is provided parallel to one side of the lead screw, and the two ends of the guide rod are fixedly connected to the walls of the environmental simulation chamber. Both the lead screw and the guide rod pass through the protective shell below the insulating support block. The protective shell and the lead screw are connected by threads, and the protective shell and the guide rod are connected by sliding. A stepper motor is installed on the side of the environmental simulation chamber away from the protective shell by screws. The output end of the stepper motor is connected to the flange of the lead screw. Several balls are embedded in the end faces of the two protective shells, and the balls are in rolling contact with the inner top wall and inner bottom wall of the environmental simulation chamber.

[0016] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages: by combining energy storage performance testing with sealing performance testing, these two performance characteristics of the energy storage capacitor can be tested simultaneously under simulated actual working conditions, solving the problem of existing test separation, capturing the specific role and real-time effect of sealing performance on energy storage performance under different working conditions, and providing reliable data support for evaluating the actual performance and stability of energy storage systems. Furthermore, it can adaptively clamp capacitors according to their shape (square or round). This adjustability allows the device to adapt to capacitors of different sizes and shapes, greatly improving the versatility and flexibility of the testing device. When clamping a square capacitor, both the straight clamp and the arched clamp can clamp it simultaneously. When clamping a round capacitor, the arched clamp acts directly on the surface of the round capacitor, preventing it from rolling or shifting during charging, discharging, and environmental parameter adjustment. The straight clamp fixes the moving block, limiting its sliding within the placement slot. This indirectly prevents the round capacitor from shifting due to the sliding of the moving block, ensuring that the conductive contacts always maintain good contact with the capacitor electrodes, thus ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test results. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the testing method steps of the present invention; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the environmental simulation chamber of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the box according to the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Front view structural diagram; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the insulating support block of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional axial structure of the insulating support block of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the inclined axial structure of the insulating support block of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0018] Figure Descriptions: 1. Environmental Simulation Box; 101. Door Card; 102. Sealed Door; 103. Fixing Block; 1031. Conductive Contact; 2. Protective Shell; 201. Power Supply Battery; 202. Power Monitoring Module; 3. Vacuum Pump; 301. Air Compressor Pump; 4. Heating Element; 5. Mounting Plate; 501. Gas Sensor Array; 502. Pressure Sensor; 503. Gas Analysis Unit; 504. Temperature Sensor; 6. Insulating Support Block; 601. Placement Slot; 602. Moving Block; 6021. Insertion Slot; 6022. Through Slot; 603. Through Slot; 604. N-Shaped Frame Plate; 605. Protective Shell; 6051. Ball Bearing; 7. Mounting Machine 8. Return spring; 801. First telescopic rod; 9. Clamping assembly; 901. Straight clamping plate; 902. Arched clamping plate; 903. First sleeve; 9031. Connecting shaft; 904. Second sleeve; 9041. Drive shaft; 905. Magnetic coupler; 906. Worm gear; 9061. Rotating shaft; 907. Drive wheel; 9071. Drive chain; 908. Worm; 9081. Shaft; 909. Driven sprocket; 910. Drive motor; 911. Drive sprocket; 912. Chain; 913. Second telescopic rod; 914. Threaded rod; 915. Housing; 10. Lead screw; 1001. Stepper motor; 1002. Guide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0020] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described.

[0021] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 1-9 As shown, a method for testing the energy storage density of an energy storage capacitor includes the following steps: Step 1: Capacitor Placement. Place the energy storage capacitor (square or round) to be tested in the insulating support block 6 inside the environmental simulation chamber 1. Insert the square energy storage capacitor into the placement slot 601 and the round energy storage capacitor into the placement slot 6021 in the moving block 602. The capacitor is clamped and fixed by the mounting mechanism 7, which can adapt to both square and round capacitors. Then, drive the insulating support block 6 with the lead screw 10 to move the energy storage capacitor closer to the conductive contact 1031 until the conductive contact 1031 is in good contact with the capacitor electrode. Then close the sealing door 102. The positive and negative terminals of the power supply battery 201 are connected to the positive and negative input terminals of the power monitoring module 202 via wires. The positive and negative output terminals of the power monitoring module 202 are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the conductive contact 1031 via wires. The positive and negative terminals of the conductive contact 1031 are in close contact with the positive and negative terminals of the energy storage capacitor, respectively, with a contact resistance of less than 10mΩ. This contact resistance value can be detected and confirmed by a dedicated resistance measuring instrument. Step 2: Adjust the simulation environment. Set the initial parameters, including temperature and pressure, through the control system. Then, start the pressure regulation module and heating tube 4 in sequence to adjust the environmental parameters inside the chamber to the set test parameters. Step 3: Monitor power changes, close the charging circuit, power supply battery 201 charges the energy storage capacitor, power monitoring module 202 records power change data during the charging process, when the preset charging time is reached, stop charging, keep the environmental parameters unchanged, let stand for a period of time, and monitor the gas composition and pressure changes in the box through the sealing detection module. Then the discharge circuit is closed, the energy storage capacitor discharges, and the power monitoring module 202 records the power change data during the discharge process. Then the temperature and pressure parameters inside the box are adjusted, and the charging and discharging steps are repeated to conduct multiple sets of tests under different environmental conditions. When adjusting environmental parameters, a step-by-step adjustment is adopted. After each adjustment, the environmental parameters are kept stable for a period of time before the charge and discharge test is carried out. Step 4: Analysis and Evaluation. Based on the recorded changes in charge and sealing test data, analyze the correlation between the energy storage performance and sealing performance of the energy storage capacitor under test, and evaluate its energy storage sealing performance.

[0022] Combining energy storage performance testing with sealing performance testing allows for the simultaneous testing of these two performance characteristics of energy storage capacitors under simulated actual working conditions. This solves the problem of existing test separation and can capture the specific role and real-time effect of sealing performance on energy storage performance under different operating conditions, providing reliable data support for evaluating the actual performance and stability of energy storage systems.

[0023] Please see Figures 2-5 As shown, according to the above embodiments, an energy storage density testing device for an energy storage capacitor will also be provided. A sealing door 102 is installed at the opening of the environmental simulation box 1 through a door card 101. The sealing door 102 is provided with an observation window made of pressure-resistant transparent quartz glass to facilitate observation of the situation inside the box. The pressure regulating module is set at the top of the environmental simulation box 1. The pressure regulating module includes a vacuum pump 3 and an air compressor 301. Heating tubes 4 are fixed vertically on the side of the environmental simulation box 1 away from the sealing door 102. The sealing detection module is installed on the inner wall of the environmental simulation box 1 by screws and is located between the two heating tubes 4. The sealing detection module includes a mounting plate 5. A gas sensor array 501, a pressure sensor 502, a gas analysis unit 503, and a temperature sensor 504 are respectively installed on the mounting plate 5. The outer wall of the environmental simulation chamber 1 is fitted with a protective shell 2. Inside the protective shell 2, a power supply battery 201 and a power monitoring module 202 are installed. Inside the environmental simulation chamber 1, on the inner wall of the protective shell 2, a fixing block 103 is installed. A conductive contact 1031 is installed on the side of the fixing block 103 away from the chamber wall. An insulating support block 6 is located inside the environmental simulation chamber 1. A square placement groove 601 is formed on the side of the insulating support block 6 near the fixing block 103. A movable block 602 slides within the placement groove 601. A circular insertion groove 6021 is formed at the center of the movable block 602. Two n-shaped support plates 604 are fixed to the top and bottom of the insulating support block 6. Protective shells 605 are fixed to the plate surfaces away from the insulating support block 6. The mounting mechanism 7 consists of a return spring 8, a clamping assembly 9, and a lead screw 10. The return spring 8 is located between the moving block 602 and the placement groove 601. The two ends of the return spring 8 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the moving block 602 and the groove wall of the placement groove 601, respectively. The outer wall of the insulating support block 6 away from the conductive contact 1031 is symmetrically fixed with first telescopic rods 801. The telescopic ends of the two first telescopic rods 801 extend through the wall into the placement groove 601 and are fixed with screws on the outer wall of the moving block 602. The clamping assembly 9 is located at the top and bottom of the insulating support block 6 and is used to clamp the placed square and round energy storage capacitors. The two ends of the lead screw 10 are rotatably connected to the walls of the environmental simulation box 1. A guide rod 1002 is provided parallel to one side of the lead screw 10. The two ends of the guide rod 1002 are fixedly connected to the walls of the environmental simulation box 1. The lead screw 10 and the guide rod 1002 both pass through the protective shell 605 below the insulating support block 6. The protective shell 605 and the lead screw 10 are connected by threads, and the protective shell 605 and the guide rod 1002 are connected by sliding. A stepper motor 1001 is installed on the side of the environmental simulation box 1 away from the protective shell 2 by screws. The output end of the stepper motor 1001 is connected to the flange of the lead screw 10. Several balls 6051 are embedded in the end faces of the two protective shells 605. The balls 6051 are in rolling contact with the inner top wall and inner bottom wall of the environmental simulation box 1.

[0024] During testing, the operator rotates the door card 101 and flips it to release the clamping of the sealing door 102. After opening the sealing door 102, if the object to be tested is a square energy storage capacitor, it is placed in the placement groove 601 of the insulating support block 6 and pushed inward, so that the moving block 602 moves along the placement groove 601 and squeezes the return spring 8. At this time, the telescopic end of the first telescopic rod 801 retracts, providing space for the insertion depth of the capacitor. Then, the clamping assembly 9 is activated, and the straight clamping plate 901 and the arched clamping plate 902 move down and pass through the corresponding through grooves 603 respectively, making contact with the surface of the capacitor to complete the clamping and fixing. If the object to be tested is a circular energy storage capacitor, it is placed in the placement slot 6021 of the moving block 602. At this time, the clamping assembly 9 is activated. The straight clamping plate 901 and the arched clamping plate 902 move down through the corresponding through slot 603. Since the moving block 602 does not move, the lower surface of the straight clamping plate 901 will contact the surface of the moving block 602 for auxiliary clamping. The arched clamping plate 902 continues to move down through the through slot 6022 to clamp the surface of the capacitor placed in the slot 6021, thereby achieving clamping and fixing of energy storage capacitors of different shapes. After clamping is completed, the stepper motor 1001 is started to control the lead screw 10 to rotate. Since the protective shell 605 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 10 and slidably connected to the guide rod 1002, and the ball bearing 6051 embedded in the end face of the protective shell 605 rolls in contact with the top and bottom walls of the environmental simulation box 1, the insulating support block 6, under the action of the lead screw 10 and the guide rod 1002, drives the energy storage capacitor to slowly approach the conductive contact 1031. When the conductive contact 1031 is in close contact with the capacitor electrode and the contact resistance is less than 10mΩ, the sealing door 102 is closed. Next, the operator sets the initial parameters through the control system. After the setting is completed, the vacuum pump 3 or air compressor 301 in the pressure regulation module is started first. The air pressure in the chamber is adjusted according to the set pressure value. When the air pressure is close to the set value, the heating tube 4 is started to heat the air in the chamber, so that the temperature gradually rises to the set value. During the adjustment process, the pressure sensor 502 and the temperature sensor 504 provide real-time feedback on the pressure and temperature data in the chamber. The control system makes fine adjustments based on the feedback data to ensure that the environmental parameters accurately reach the set test parameters. Once the environmental parameters are adjusted to the set value and stabilize, the charging circuit is closed, and the power supply battery 201 begins charging the energy storage capacitor. The power monitoring module 202 records the power change data in real time during the charging process (the power monitoring module 202 uses the current integration method to record power changes; it obtains power data by real-time acquisition of the current signal in the charging and discharging circuit and time integration of the current; the data sampling frequency is not less than 1kHz to ensure recording accuracy). When the preset charging time is reached, charging stops, and the environmental parameters inside the box remain unchanged for a period of time. During this period, the sealing detection module starts working, the gas analysis unit 503 analyzes the gas composition, and the gas sensor array 501 (including organic volatile matter sensors, carbonate sensors, etc., among which the organic volatile matter sensor...) The instrument is used to detect organic gases that may be generated by the evaporation of electrolyte, with a detection limit of no more than 0.05 ppm; the carbonate sensor is used to specifically detect the carbonate component in the electrolyte (response time less than 10s) to monitor the gas concentration in the chamber in real time. No electrolyte volatiles are detected. The pressure sensor 502 monitors the pressure change in the chamber. After the static period, the discharge circuit is closed and the energy storage capacitor begins to discharge. The power monitoring module 202 records the power change data during the discharge process. After the discharge is completed, the temperature and pressure parameters in the chamber are adjusted in a stepwise manner. For example, the temperature is first increased by X° and the pressure is increased by XPa. After the environmental parameters are kept stable for X minutes, the charging and discharging steps are repeated, and the corresponding power change data is recorded. Multiple sets of tests under different environmental conditions are conducted in this way. After completing multiple sets of tests under different environmental conditions, all recorded power change data and sealing test data are collected. Data analysis software is used to conduct in-depth analysis of these data. For example, the power changes during charging and discharging under different temperature and pressure conditions are compared with the gas composition and pressure changes monitored by the sealing test module to find the correlation between energy storage performance and sealing performance. Based on these correlations, the energy storage sealing performance of the energy storage capacitor under test is evaluated to determine whether its performance under different operating conditions meets the actual application requirements. Furthermore, it can adaptively clamp the capacitor according to its shape (square or round), and its adjustability allows the device to adapt to capacitors of different sizes and shapes, greatly improving the versatility and flexibility of the testing device.

[0025] Please see Figures 6-9 As shown, two sets of clamping assemblies 9 are arranged and located in two protective shells 605 respectively. Each set of clamping assemblies 9 includes two straight clamping plates 901 and one arched clamping plate 902. Corresponding through slots 603 are opened on the insulating support block 6 at the straight clamping plates 901 and the arched clamping plate 902. The upper surface of each of the two straight clamping plates 901 is provided with a first sleeve 903. Each of the two first sleeves 903 is provided with a threaded rod 914. The upper surface of each of the two straight clamping plates 901 is fixedly connected to the corresponding threaded rod 914. A worm gear 906 is provided above the top of each of the two first sleeves 903. A rotating shaft 9061 is fixedly inserted through the center of each of the two worm gears 906, and a connecting shaft 9031 is fixedly fixed at the top of each of the two first sleeves 903. Shaft 9031 and rotating shaft 9061 are connected by magnetic coupling 905. Two worm gears 906 are meshed with worms 908 on one side. Both ends of the worms 908 are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the protective shell 605 through shafts 9081. One shaft 9081 extends through the side wall of the protective shell 605 to the outside and a driven sprocket 909 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall. The insulating support block 6 is close to the outer wall of the sealing door 102 and a housing 915 is installed by screws. A drive motor 910 is installed inside the housing 915 by screws. A drive sprocket 911 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the output end of the drive motor 910. The drive sprocket 911 and the driven sprockets 909 in the two clamping assemblies 9 are connected by chain 912. The upper and lower surfaces of the movable block 602 are both provided with through grooves 6022 that match the arched clamping plate 902. The through grooves 6022 communicate with the insertion groove 6021. A second sleeve 904 is provided above the arched clamping plate 902, and a threaded rod 914 is provided in the second sleeve 904. The upper surface of the arched clamping plate 902 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the threaded rod 914, and a connecting shaft 9031 is fixed to the top end of the second sleeve 904. A transmission shaft 9041 is provided above the top end of the connecting shaft 9031. The connecting shaft 9031 and the transmission shaft 9041 are connected by a magnetic coupler 905. The transmission shaft 9041 is connected to a... Each of the rotating shafts 9061 has a transmission wheel 907 fixedly fitted on the top of its outer wall. The two transmission wheels 907 are connected by a transmission chain 9071. The tops of the two first sleeves 903 and the second sleeve 904 pass through the n-shaped frame plate 604 and are located inside the protective shell 605. The tops of the two rotating shafts 9061 and the transmission shaft 9041 are rotatably connected to the inner top wall of the protective shell 605. The upper surfaces of the two straight clamping plates 901 and the arched clamping plate 902 are each fixed with a second telescopic rod 913. The top of each second telescopic rod 913 is fixed with screws to the lower surface of the n-shaped frame plate 604.

[0026] When it is necessary to clamp a square energy storage capacitor, the drive motor 910 starts, and its output end drives the drive sprocket 911 to rotate. The drive sprocket 911 drives two driven sprockets 909 to rotate through the chain 912, which in turn causes the two worm gears 908 to rotate, which in turn drives the two meshing worm wheels 906 to rotate. The worm wheels 906 drive the rotating shaft 9061 to rotate, which drives the connecting shaft 9031 to rotate through the magnetic drive of the magnetic coupler 905, causing the first sleeve 903 to rotate as well. At this time, under the restriction of the second telescopic rod 913 and the action of the threaded rod 914, the straight clamping plate 901 moves downward following the rotation of the first sleeve 903. When one of the rotating shafts 9061 rotates, it drives the transmission shaft 9041 to rotate through the transmission wheel 907 and the transmission chain 9071. The transmission shaft 9041 drives the connecting shaft 9031 to rotate through the magnetic coupler 905, causing the second sleeve 904 to rotate as well. At this time, under the restriction of the second telescopic rod 913 and the action of the threaded rod 914, the arched clamp 902 moves downward with the rotation of the second sleeve 904. Both the straight clamp 901 and the arched clamp 902 pass through the through slot 603 and move into the placement slot 601. Because the moving block 602 is pushed by the inserted square energy storage capacitor, the straight clamp 901 and the arched clamp 902 can clamp the square energy storage capacitor. When it is necessary to clamp the circular energy storage capacitor, the drive motor 910 is still started until the straight clamping plate 901 and the arched clamping plate 902 move downward. Since the moving block 602 is not pushed and remains in its original position, when the straight clamping plate 901 passes through the through slot 603, it will contact the outer wall of the moving block 602 to assist in clamping it and restrict the sliding of the moving block 602 in the placement slot 601. This indirectly avoids the lateral displacement of the circular capacitor caused by the sliding of the moving block 602. Due to the non-contact transmission of the magnetic coupler 905, the second sleeve 904 can still be driven to rotate after the straight clamping plate 901 stops, controlling the arched clamping plate 902 to continue to move downward through the through slot 6022 until the circular energy storage capacitor is clamped.

[0027] The working principle of this invention is as follows: During testing, the operator rotates and flips the door card 101 to release the clamp on the sealing door 102. After opening the sealing door 102, if the object to be tested is a square energy storage capacitor, it is placed in the placement slot 601 of the insulating support block 6 and pushed inward, causing the moving block 602 to move along the placement slot 601 and compress the return spring 8. At this time, the telescopic end of the first telescopic rod 801 retracts, providing space for the insertion depth of the capacitor. Then, the drive motor 910 is started, and its output end drives the drive sprocket 91. 1. When the drive sprocket 911 rotates, it drives two driven sprockets 909 to rotate via chain 912, which in turn causes two worm gears 908 to rotate, which in turn drives two meshing worm wheels 906 to rotate. The worm wheels 906 drive the rotating shaft 9061 to rotate, which drives the connecting shaft 9031 to rotate via the magnetic drive of the magnetic coupler 905, causing the first sleeve 903 to rotate as well. At this time, under the restriction of the second telescopic rod 913 and the action of the threaded rod 914, the straight clamp 901 moves downward following the rotation of the first sleeve 903. When one of the rotating shafts 9061 rotates, it drives the transmission shaft 9041 to rotate through the transmission wheel 907 and the transmission chain 9071. The transmission shaft 9041 drives the connecting shaft 9031 to rotate through the magnetic coupler 905, causing the second sleeve 904 to rotate as well. At this time, under the restriction of the second telescopic rod 913 and the action of the threaded rod 914, the arched clamp 902 moves downward with the rotation of the second sleeve 904. Both the straight clamp 901 and the arched clamp 902 pass through the through slot 603 and move into the placement slot 601. Because the moving block 602 is pushed by the inserted square energy storage capacitor, the straight clamp 901 and the arched clamp 902 can clamp the square energy storage capacitor. When it is necessary to clamp a circular energy storage capacitor, it is placed in the placement slot 6021 of the moving block 602. Then the drive motor 910 is started until the straight clamping plate 901 and the arched clamping plate 902 move downward. Since the moving block 602 is not pushed and remains in its original position, when the straight clamping plate 901 passes through the through slot 603, it will contact the outer wall of the moving block 602 to assist in clamping it and restrict the sliding of the moving block 602 in the placement slot 601. This indirectly avoids the lateral displacement of the circular capacitor caused by the sliding of the moving block 602. Due to the non-contact transmission of the magnetic coupler 905, the second sleeve 904 can still be driven to rotate after the straight clamping plate 901 stops, controlling the arched clamping plate 902 to continue to move downward through the through slot 6022 until the circular energy storage capacitor is clamped. After clamping is completed, the stepper motor 1001 is started to control the lead screw 10 to rotate. Since the protective shell 605 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 10 and slidably connected to the guide rod 1002, and the ball bearing 6051 embedded in the end face of the protective shell 605 rolls in contact with the top and bottom walls of the environmental simulation box 1, the insulating support block 6, under the action of the lead screw 10 and the guide rod 1002, drives the energy storage capacitor to slowly approach the conductive contact 1031. When the conductive contact 1031 is in close contact with the capacitor electrode and the contact resistance is less than 10mΩ, the sealing door 102 is closed. Next, the operator sets the initial parameters through the control system. After the setting is completed, the vacuum pump 3 or air compressor 301 in the pressure regulation module is started first. The air pressure in the chamber is adjusted according to the set pressure value. When the air pressure is close to the set value, the heating tube 4 is started to heat the air in the chamber, so that the temperature gradually rises to the set value. During the adjustment process, the pressure sensor 502 and the temperature sensor 504 provide real-time feedback on the pressure and temperature data in the chamber. The control system makes fine adjustments based on the feedback data to ensure that the environmental parameters accurately reach the set test parameters. Once the environmental parameters are adjusted to the set value and stabilized, the charging circuit is closed, and the power supply battery 201 begins to charge the energy storage capacitor. The power monitoring module 202 records the power change data during the charging process in real time. When the preset charging time is reached, charging is stopped, and the environmental parameters inside the chamber remain unchanged. The chamber is left to stand for a period of time. During this period, the sealing detection module starts to work, the gas analysis unit 503 analyzes the gas composition, the gas sensor array 501 monitors the gas concentration inside the chamber in real time, and no electrolyte volatiles are detected. The pressure sensor 502 monitors the pressure change inside the chamber. After the chamber has stood for a period of time, the discharge circuit is closed, and the energy storage capacitor begins to discharge. The power monitoring module 202 records the power change data during the discharge process. After the discharge is completed, the temperature and pressure parameters inside the chamber are adjusted in a stepwise manner, and the corresponding power change data is recorded. Multiple sets of tests under different environmental conditions are conducted in this manner. After completing multiple sets of tests under different environmental conditions, all recorded power change data and sealing test data were collected. These data were then analyzed in depth using data analysis software. For example, the power changes during charging and discharging under different temperature and pressure conditions were compared with the gas composition and pressure changes monitored by the sealing test module. The correlation between energy storage performance and sealing performance was identified. Based on these correlations, the energy storage and sealing performance of the energy storage capacitor under test was evaluated, and it was determined whether its performance under different operating conditions met the actual application requirements.

[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, these specific embodiments are merely explanations of the invention and are not intended to limit it. The specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make modifications, substitutions, and variations to the embodiments as needed without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such modifications, substitutions, and variations are protected by patent law as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for testing the energy storage density of an energy storage capacitor, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Capacitor Placement. Place the energy storage capacitor to be tested in the insulating support block (6) inside the environmental simulation box (1). It is clamped and fixed by the mounting mechanism (7), which can accommodate both square and round capacitors. Then, the insulating support block (6) is driven by the lead screw (10) to move the energy storage capacitor closer to the conductive contact (1031) until the conductive contact (1031) is in good contact with the capacitor electrode. Then, close the sealing door (102). Step 2: Adjust the simulation environment. Set the initial parameters, including temperature and pressure, through the control system. Start the pressure adjustment module and heating tube (4) in sequence to adjust the environmental parameters in the chamber to the set test parameters. Step 3: Monitor power changes, close the charging circuit, power supply battery (201) to charge energy storage capacitor, power monitoring module (202) records power change data during charging process, when the preset charging time is reached, stop charging, keep the environmental parameters unchanged, let stand for a period of time, and monitor the gas composition and pressure changes in the box through the sealing detection module. Then the discharge circuit is closed, the energy storage capacitor is discharged, the power monitoring module (202) records the power change data during the discharge process, and then the temperature and pressure parameters in the box are adjusted. The charging and discharging steps are repeated to conduct multiple sets of tests under different environmental conditions. Step 4: Analysis and Evaluation. Based on the recorded changes in charge and sealing test data, analyze the correlation between the energy storage performance and sealing performance of the energy storage capacitor under test, and evaluate its energy storage sealing performance.

2. The method for testing the energy storage density of an energy storage capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step three, when adjusting the environmental parameters, a step-by-step adjustment is adopted. After each adjustment, the environmental parameters are kept stable for a period of time before the charge and discharge test is carried out.

3. The method for testing the energy storage density of an energy storage capacitor according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step one, the positive and negative terminals of the power supply battery (201) are connected to the positive and negative input terminals of the power monitoring module (202) through wires. The positive and negative output terminals of the power monitoring module (202) are connected to the positive and negative terminals of the conductive contact (1031) through wires. The positive and negative terminals of the conductive contact (1031) are in close contact with the positive and negative terminals of the energy storage capacitor, respectively, and the contact resistance is less than 10mΩ.

4. The energy storage density testing device for an energy storage capacitor according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The opening of the environmental simulation chamber (1) is fitted with a sealing door (102) via a door card (101). The pressure regulating module is located on the top of the environmental simulation chamber (1). The pressure regulating module includes a vacuum pump (3) and an air compressor (301). Heating tubes (4) are fixed vertically on the side of the environmental simulation chamber (1) away from the sealing door (102). The sealing detection module is installed on the inner wall of the environmental simulation chamber (1) with screws and is located between the two heating tubes (4). The sealing detection module includes a mounting plate (5). A gas sensor array (501), a pressure sensor (502), a gas analysis unit (503), and a temperature sensor (504) are respectively mounted on the mounting plate (5). The outer wall of the environmental simulation box (1) is fitted with a protective shell (2). Inside the protective shell (2) are a power supply battery (201) and a power monitoring module (202). Inside the environmental simulation box (1), on the inner wall of the protective shell (2), a fixing block (103) is installed. On the side of the fixing block (103) away from the box wall, a conductive contact (1031) is installed. The insulating support block (6) is located inside the environmental simulation box (1). On the side of the insulating support block (6) near the fixing block (103), a square placement groove (601) is provided. A moving block (602) is slidably provided in the placement groove (601). A circular placement slot (6021) is provided at the center of the movable block (602). An n-shaped frame plate (604) is fixed at the top and bottom of the insulating support block (6). A protective shell (605) is fixed on the plate surface of the two n-shaped frame plates (604) away from the insulating support block (6). The installation mechanism (7) consists of a return spring (8), a clamping assembly (9) and a lead screw (10). The return spring (8) is located between the movable block (602) and the placement slot (601). The clamping assembly (9) is located at the top and bottom of the insulating support block (6) and is used to clamp the placed square and round energy storage capacitors.

5. The energy storage density testing device for an energy storage capacitor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The clamping assembly (9) is provided in two sets and is located in two protective shells (605) respectively. Each set of the clamping assembly (9) includes two straight clamping plates (901) and one arched clamping plate (902). The insulating support block (6) has corresponding through slots (603) at the straight clamping plates (901) and the arched clamping plate (902). The upper surface of the two straight clamping plates (901) is provided with a first sleeve (903). The two first sleeves (903) are provided with threaded rods (914). The two straight clamping plates (901) are provided with threaded rods (914). 1) The upper surfaces are fixedly connected to the corresponding threaded rods (914). Worm gears (906) are provided above the top of the two first sleeves (903). A rotating shaft (9061) is fixedly passed through the center of the two worm gears (906). A connecting shaft (9031) is fixedly provided at the top of the two first sleeves (903). The connecting shaft (9031) and the rotating shaft (9061) are connected by a magnetic coupler (905). A worm (908) is meshed with one side of the two worm gears (906).

6. The energy storage density testing device for an energy storage capacitor according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both ends of the worm gear (908) are rotatably connected to the inner sidewall of the protective shell (605) via shafts (9081). One shaft (9081) extends through the sidewall of the protective shell (605) to the outside and is fixedly fitted with a driven sprocket (909) on the outer wall. The insulating support block (6) is fitted with a housing (915) near the outer wall of the sealing door (102) by screws. The housing (915) is fitted with a drive motor (910) by screws inside. The output end of the drive motor (910) is fixedly fitted with a drive sprocket (911) on the outer wall. The drive sprocket (911) and the driven sprockets (909) in the two clamping assemblies (9) are connected by a chain (912).

7. The energy storage density testing device for an energy storage capacitor according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper and lower surfaces of the movable block (602) are both provided with through grooves (6022) that match the arched clamping plate (902). The through grooves (6022) communicate with the insertion groove (6021). A second sleeve (904) is provided above the arched clamping plate (902). A threaded rod (914) is provided in the second sleeve (904). The upper surface of the arched clamping plate (902) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the threaded rod (914), and the second sleeve (904) A connecting shaft (9031) is fixed at the top of the connecting shaft (9031), and a transmission shaft (9041) is provided above the top of the connecting shaft (9031). The connecting shaft (9031) and the transmission shaft (9041) are connected by a magnetic coupler (905). The transmission shaft (9041) and the outer wall of a rotating shaft (9061) are both fixedly fitted with transmission wheels (907). The two transmission wheels (907) are connected by a transmission chain (9071).

8. The energy storage density testing device for an energy storage capacitor according to claim 7, characterized in that, The tops of the two first sleeves (903) and the second sleeve (904) all penetrate the n-shaped frame plate (604) and are located inside the protective shell (605). The tops of the two rotating shafts (9061) and the transmission shaft (9041) are rotatably connected to the inner top wall of the protective shell (605). The upper surfaces of the two straight clamping plates (901) and the arched clamping plate (902) are each fixed with a second telescopic rod (913). The top of each second telescopic rod (913) is fixed with screws to the lower surface of the n-shaped frame plate (604).

9. The energy storage density testing device for an energy storage capacitor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two ends of the reset spring (8) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the moving block (602) and the groove wall of the placement groove (601) respectively. The insulating support block (6) is symmetrically fixed with first telescopic rods (801) on the outer wall away from the conductive contact (1031). The telescopic ends of the two first telescopic rods (801) extend through the wall into the placement groove (601) and are fixed with screws on the outer wall of the moving block (602).

10. The energy storage density testing device for an energy storage capacitor according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two ends of the lead screw (10) are rotatably connected to the walls of the environmental simulation box (1). A guide rod (1002) is provided parallel to one side of the lead screw (10). The two ends of the guide rod (1002) are fixedly connected to the walls of the environmental simulation box (1). The lead screw (10) and the guide rod (1002) both penetrate the protective shell (605) below the insulating support block (6). The protective shell (605) and the lead screw (10) are connected by threads. The protective shell (605) and the guide rod (1002) are connected by sliding. A stepper motor (1001) is installed on the side of the environmental simulation box (1) away from the protective shell (2) by screws. The output end of the stepper motor (1001) is connected to the flange of the lead screw (10). Several balls (6051) are embedded in the end faces of the two protective shells (605). Several balls (6051) are in rolling contact with the inner top wall and inner bottom wall of the environmental simulation box (1).

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