Heat dissipation and heat recovery cooperative control system and method for hydrogen production and fuel cell

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, and discloses a hydrogen production and fuel cell heat dissipation and heat recovery cooperative control system and method.The system comprises a heat management loop and a controller, the controller is connected with and controls the heat management loop, and the heat management loop is connected with a hydrogen fuel cell power generation system and a water electrolysis hydrogen production system; the controller can control the heat management loop to conduct heat dissipation and heat recycling on the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system and / or the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. The heat dissipation and heat recovery of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system can be realized respectively or simultaneously, and the heat dissipation and heat recovery functions of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system can be realized by using one set of heat management loop. Compared with the mode that a water electrolysis hydrogen production system and a hydrogen fuel cell power generation system are respectively provided with a heat dissipation loop, the system complexity and the system cost are greatly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of hydrogen production and fuel cell technology, and in particular to a coordinated control system and method for heat dissipation and heat recovery in hydrogen production and fuel cells. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, the electrolysis process is an exothermic reaction. In order to ensure the normal operation of the electrolyzer in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the heat of the electrolysis process needs to be carried away by cooling water to ensure that the operating temperature of the electrolyzer is within its specified normal range.

[0003] In the field of hydrogen fuel cell power generation, the hydrogen fuel cell power generation process is also an exothermic reaction. In order to ensure the normal operation and service life of the stack, it is also necessary to use circulating coolant to cool the stack so as to control the operating temperature of the stack within a reasonable range.

[0004] In applications where both hydrogen production and fuel cells are needed, such as hydrogen storage devices for wind and solar power generation, surplus electricity generated during the day is used to produce hydrogen through water electrolysis, which is then stored in hydrogen storage containers. At night, the stored hydrogen is used to generate electricity through hydrogen fuel cells, thus addressing the volatility issues associated with wind and solar power. This process is called hydrogen storage. Typically, the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system required for hydrogen storage are independent systems, each equipped with its own thermal management system, which increases system complexity and cost. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a coordinated control system and method for heat dissipation and heat recovery in hydrogen production and fuel cells. This system enables a single thermal management system to simultaneously meet the heat dissipation or heat recovery needs of both the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: A coordinated control system for heat dissipation and heat recovery in hydrogen production and fuel cells includes a thermal management loop and a controller. The controller is connected to and controls the thermal management loop, which is connected to both a hydrogen fuel cell power generation system and a water electrolysis hydrogen production system. The controller can control the thermal management loop to dissipate heat and recover heat from the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system and / or the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0007] Furthermore, the thermal management circuit includes a coolant circulation pump, a heat recovery heat exchanger, a cooling fan, a three-way control valve, a water supply circulation pump, and a hydrogen production cooler. The coolant circulation pump, heat recovery heat exchanger, cooling fan, and three-way control valve are connected to the hydrogen production cooler in sequence, and the water supply circulation pump is connected to the hydrogen production cooler. The controller is connected to the coolant circulation pump, cooling fan, three-way control valve, and water supply circulation pump respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the coolant circulation pump, heat recovery heat exchanger, cooling fan, and three-way control valve are sequentially connected to the hydrogen production cooler, and the water supply circulation pump is connected to the hydrogen production cooler, including: The coolant circulation pump is connected to the heat recovery heat exchanger through a high-temperature coolant pipeline. The heat recovery heat exchanger is connected to the cooling fan through a low-temperature coolant pipeline after heat exchange. The cooling fan is connected to the inlet of the three-way control valve through a coolant pipeline after heat dissipation. The first outlet of the three-way control valve is connected to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack in the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system through the fuel cell stack inlet coolant pipe, and the coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack is connected to the coolant circulation pump through the fuel cell stack outlet coolant pipe. The second outlet of the three-way control valve is connected to the hydrogen production cooler through a hydrogen production coolant pipeline, and the hydrogen production cooler is connected to the coolant circulation pump through a hydrogen production heat exchange coolant pipeline. The water supply circulation pump is connected to the hydrogen production cooler through a circulating hot water pipe. The hydrogen production cooler is connected to the circulating water inlet of the electrolyzer in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system through the electrolyzer inlet water supply pipe. The circulating water outlet of the electrolyzer is connected to the water supply circulation pump through the electrolyzer outlet circulating water pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the thermal management loop also includes a coolant temperature sensor after heat dissipation, a coolant temperature sensor at the fuel cell outlet, a circulating water temperature sensor at the electrolytic cell inlet, and a circulating water temperature sensor at the electrolytic cell outlet, all connected to the controller. The coolant temperature sensor after heat dissipation is installed on the coolant pipeline after heat dissipation, the coolant temperature sensor at the fuel cell outlet is installed on the coolant pipeline at the fuel cell outlet, the circulating water temperature sensor at the electrolytic cell inlet is installed on the water supply pipeline at the electrolytic cell inlet, and the circulating water temperature sensor at the electrolytic cell outlet is installed on the circulating water pipeline at the electrolytic cell outlet.

[0010] A method for coordinated control of heat dissipation and heat recovery in hydrogen production and fuel cells includes: When the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system is running alone, the controller controls the thermal management loop to dissipate heat or recover heat from the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system. When the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is running alone, the controller controls the thermal management loop to dissipate heat or recover heat from the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. When the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system are running simultaneously, the controller controls the thermal management circuit to simultaneously dissipate heat or recover heat from both systems.

[0011] Furthermore, when the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system is running independently, the position of the three-way control valve is adjusted by the controller so that the coolant flows only into the stack of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system, and the hot coolant at the stack outlet is transported to the coolant circulation pump for pressurization through the stack outlet coolant pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, when external heating is required, the coolant output by the coolant circulation pump enters the heat recovery heat exchanger; the low-temperature return water for heating enters the heat recovery heat exchanger through the heating return water pipeline, is heated to high-temperature heating water, and is then transported to users through the heating water pipeline; the coolant itself is cooled to low-temperature coolant and is then transported to the series-connected cooling fans through the heat exchange low-temperature coolant pipeline.

[0013] Furthermore, when the user's heating demand is less than the heat dissipation of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system or when heating is not required, the cooling fan is used to cool the coolant to the required inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack. The low-temperature coolant flowing through the three-way control valve enters the fuel cell stack through the fuel cell stack inlet coolant pipe, and after carrying away the heat from the fuel cell stack during the power generation process, it enters the coolant circulation pump for recycling.

[0014] Furthermore, the temperature of the coolant in the coolant pipeline is monitored by a coolant temperature sensor after heat dissipation, and the speed of the cooling fan is adjusted in real time by the controller to regulate the heat dissipation of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system and ensure the temperature of the coolant at the stack inlet; the temperature of the coolant at the stack outlet is monitored by a coolant temperature sensor at the stack outlet, and the speed of the coolant circulation pump is adjusted by the controller to control the temperature of the coolant at the stack outlet.

[0015] Furthermore, when the water electrolysis hydrogen production system operates independently, the controller adjusts the position of the three-way control valve so that coolant flows only into the hydrogen production cooler. The high-temperature circulating water in the electrolyzer outlet circulating water pipe is pressurized by the water supply circulation pump and enters the hydrogen production cooler. After exchanging heat with the coolant from the hydrogen production coolant pipe, its own temperature is reduced, and it circulates into the electrolyzer of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system through the electrolyzer inlet water supply pipe. In the electrolyzer, the circulating water carries away the heat generated during the electrolysis process, and after its own temperature rises, it enters the water supply circulation pump for recycling. The low-temperature coolant in the hydrogen production coolant pipe is heated by the hydrogen production circulating water in the circulating hot water pipe, and after merging with the stack outlet coolant pipe before the coolant circulation pump, it enters the coolant circulation pump, increasing the coolant pressure.

[0016] Furthermore, when external heating is required, the pressurized high-temperature coolant enters the heat recovery heat exchanger through the high-temperature coolant pipeline; the cold side of the heat recovery heat exchanger is the low-temperature return water for heating, which enters the heat recovery heat exchanger through the heating return water pipeline and is heated into high-temperature heating supply water, and then transported to users outside the boundary through the heating supply water pipeline; after the coolant itself is cooled into low-temperature coolant, it is transported to the series-connected cooling fans through the low-temperature coolant pipeline after heat exchange.

[0017] Furthermore, when the user's heating demand is less than the heat dissipation of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system or when there is no heating, the cooling fan is used to cool the coolant to the inlet temperature required by the hydrogen production cooler; the low-temperature coolant flowing through the three-way control valve enters the hydrogen production cooler through the hydrogen production coolant pipeline and is then recycled.

[0018] Furthermore, by linking the inlet circulating water temperature sensor of the electrolyzer with the controller, the speed of the coolant circulation pump is adjusted, thereby controlling the inlet circulating water temperature of the electrolyzer to the required value; by linking the outlet circulating water temperature sensor of the electrolyzer with the controller, the speed of the water supply circulation pump is adjusted to regulate the temperature of the outlet circulating water of the electrolyzer.

[0019] Furthermore, when the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system are running simultaneously, the controller adjusts the coolant flow distribution ratio in the hydrogen production coolant pipeline and the fuel cell stack inlet coolant pipeline by adjusting the angle of the three-way control valve, and controls the total coolant flow by the coolant circulation pump, thereby simultaneously cooling the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention integrates the heat dissipation and heat recovery of a water electrolysis hydrogen production system and a hydrogen fuel cell power generation system, enabling them to work together. By optimizing the heat dissipation circuit of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system and coupling it with the heat dissipation circuit of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, the same thermal management circuit can be used for both heat dissipation and heat recovery of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0021] 2. This invention, by setting a three-way control valve after the cooling fan in the thermal management circuit, diverts part or all of the coolant, enabling cooling only the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system, only the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, or both systems simultaneously, as well as adaptive adjustment of arbitrary power operation for both systems.

[0022] In summary, this invention can achieve heat dissipation and heat recovery for the water electrolysis hydrogen production system, either separately or simultaneously. A single thermal management loop can be used to achieve both heat dissipation and heat recovery functions for the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system. Compared to setting separate heat dissipation loops for the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system, this invention significantly reduces system complexity and cost. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen production and fuel cell heat dissipation and heat recovery coordinated control system according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen production and fuel cell heat dissipation and heat recovery coordinated control system according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0025] Reference numerals: 1—Coolant circulation pump; 2—Heat recovery heat exchanger; 3—Cooling fan; 4—Three-way control valve; 5—Electrolyte stack; 6—Water supply circulation pump; 7—Hydrogen production cooler; 8—Electrolyzer; 9—Controller; 10—High-temperature coolant pipeline; 11—Low-temperature coolant pipeline after heat exchange; 12—Coolant pipeline after heat dissipation; 13—Electrolyte stack inlet coolant pipeline; 14—Electrolyte stack outlet coolant pipeline; 15—Hydrogen production coolant pipeline; 16—Coolant pipeline after hydrogen production heat exchange; 17—Heating return water pipeline; 18—Heating supply water pipeline; 19—Circulating hot water pipeline; 20—Electrolyzer inlet water supply pipeline; 21—Electrolyzer outlet circulating water pipeline; 22—Coolant temperature sensor after heat dissipation; 23—Electrolyte stack outlet coolant temperature sensor; 24—Electrolyzer inlet circulating water temperature sensor; 25—Electrolyzer outlet circulating water temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To provide a clearer understanding of the technical features, objectives, and effects of the present invention, specific embodiments are now described. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention; that is, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] Example 1 This embodiment provides a coordinated control system for heat dissipation and heat recovery in hydrogen production and fuel cells, including a thermal management loop and a controller 9. The controller 9 connects to and controls the thermal management loop, which is connected to both the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. The controller 9 can control the thermal management loop to dissipate heat and recover heat from the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system and / or the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

[0028] Preferably, the thermal management circuit includes a coolant circulation pump 1, a heat recovery heat exchanger 2, a cooling fan 3, a three-way control valve 4, a water supply circulation pump 6, and a hydrogen production cooler 7. The coolant circulation pump 1, the heat recovery heat exchanger 2, the cooling fan 3, the three-way control valve 4, and the hydrogen production cooler 7 are connected in sequence. The water supply circulation pump 6 is connected to the hydrogen production cooler 7. The controller 9 is connected to the coolant circulation pump 1, the cooling fan 3, the three-way control valve 4, and the water supply circulation pump 6.

[0029] like Figure 1As shown, the coolant circulation pump 1 is connected to the heat recovery heat exchanger 2 via the high-temperature coolant pipeline 10. The heat recovery heat exchanger 2 is connected to the cooling fan 3 via the low-temperature coolant pipeline 11 after heat exchange. The cooling fan 3 is connected to the inlet of the three-way control valve 4 via the coolant pipeline 12 after heat dissipation. The first outlet of the three-way control valve 4 is connected to the coolant inlet of the fuel cell stack 5 in the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system via the fuel cell stack inlet coolant pipeline 13. The coolant outlet of the fuel cell stack 5 is connected to the coolant circulation pump 1 via the fuel cell stack outlet coolant pipeline 14. The second outlet of the three-way control valve 4 is connected to the hydrogen production cooler 7 via the hydrogen production coolant pipeline 15. The hydrogen production cooler 7 is connected to the coolant circulation pump 1 via the coolant pipeline 16 after hydrogen production heat exchange. The water supply circulation pump 6 is connected to the hydrogen production cooler 7 via the circulating hot water pipeline 19. The hydrogen production cooler 7 is connected to the circulating water inlet of the electrolyzer 8 in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system via the electrolyzer inlet water supply pipeline 20. The circulating water outlet of the electrolyzer 8 is connected to the water supply circulation pump 6 via the electrolyzer outlet circulating water pipeline 21.

[0030] Preferably, the thermal management loop further includes a coolant temperature sensor 22 after heat dissipation, a coolant temperature sensor 23 at the fuel cell outlet, a circulating water temperature sensor 24 at the electrolytic cell inlet, and a circulating water temperature sensor 25 at the electrolytic cell outlet, all connected to the controller 9. Specifically, the coolant temperature sensor 22 is mounted on the coolant pipeline 12 after heat dissipation, the coolant temperature sensor 23 is mounted on the coolant pipeline 14 at the fuel cell outlet, the circulating water temperature sensor 24 is mounted on the water supply pipeline 20 at the electrolytic cell inlet, and the circulating water temperature sensor 25 is mounted on the circulating water pipeline 21 at the electrolytic cell outlet.

[0031] Example 2 This embodiment is based on embodiment 1: like Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a heat dissipation and heat recovery coordinated control system for hydrogen production and fuel cells. For application scenarios where users have no heat demand, the heat recovery heat exchanger 2, the low-temperature coolant pipeline 11 after heat exchange, the heating return water pipeline 17, and the heating supply water pipeline 18 can be eliminated. Only the cooling fan 3 is used to dissipate heat from the water electrolysis hydrogen production system or the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system, without the need to recover the generated heat.

[0032] Example 3 This embodiment is based on embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a method for coordinated control of heat dissipation and heat recovery in hydrogen production and fuel cells, which completes the heating and heat dissipation when the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system is running alone.

[0033] like Figure 1As shown, the controller 9 adjusts the position of the three-way control valve 4 so that coolant flows only into the fuel cell stack 5 of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system. In the coolant pipe 14 at the stack outlet, the hot coolant at temperature T1 is pressurized by the coolant circulation pump 1 and enters the heat recovery heat exchanger 2. In the heat recovery heat exchanger 2, the coolant temperature is cooled to T2 by the heating return water. The heating return water at temperature T3 in the heating return water pipe 17 enters the heat recovery heat exchanger 2, is heated to a temperature of T4, and then delivered to the user via the heating return water pipe 18.

[0034] If the required inlet temperature of the fuel cell stack is T5, the speed of the cooling fan 3 is adjusted based on feedback from the coolant temperature sensor 22 after heat dissipation, thereby controlling the temperature of the coolant in the coolant pipe 12 at T5. Then, the coolant enters the fuel cell stack 5 through the three-way control valve 4. By controlling the speed of the coolant circulation pump 1, and through the fuel cell stack outlet coolant temperature sensor 23 and controller 9 installed on the fuel cell stack outlet coolant pipe 14, the temperature of the fuel cell stack outlet coolant is controlled to T1, and then it enters the coolant circulation pump 1 for further pressurization before entering the subsequent process.

[0035] Example 4 This embodiment is based on embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a method for coordinated control of heat dissipation and heat recovery in hydrogen production and fuel cells, which completes the heating and heat dissipation when the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is running alone.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, the controller 9 adjusts the position of the three-way control valve 4 so that coolant flows only into the hydrogen production cooler 7. Circulating water at the outlet temperature T1 of the electrolyzer 8 is pressurized by the water supply circulation pump 6 and then enters the hydrogen production cooler 7. In the hydrogen production cooler 7, the circulating cooling water is cooled to T3 by the coolant at temperature T2 in the hydrogen production coolant pipe 15 before entering the electrolyzer 8. The inlet circulating water temperature of the electrolyzer 8 is controlled by the electrolyzer inlet circulating water temperature sensor 24 installed on the electrolyzer inlet water supply pipe 20, which provides feedback to adjust the speed of the coolant circulation pump 1. The circulating water entering the electrolyzer 8 is heated to T1 in the electrolyzer 8 and then circulated by the water supply circulation pump 6. The outlet circulating water temperature of the electrolyzer 8 is controlled by the electrolyzer outlet circulating water temperature sensor 25 installed on the electrolyzer outlet circulating water pipe 21, which provides feedback to adjust the speed of the water supply circulation pump 6.

[0037] The coolant, heated to temperature T4 by the hydrogen generator cooler 7, is transported to the coolant circulation pump 16 after passing through the hydrogen generator heat exchanger. After pressurization, it first enters the heat recovery heat exchanger 2, where its temperature is cooled to T2 by the heating return water. The heating return water, at temperature T5, enters the heat recovery heat exchanger 2 and is heated to T6, then transported to the user via the heating return water pipe 18. Since the hydrogen generator cooler 7 requires a coolant temperature of T2, which is the same as the temperature measured by the coolant temperature sensor 22 after heat dissipation, the cooling fan 3 does not start. The coolant then enters the hydrogen generator cooler 7 through the three-way control valve 4. In the hydrogen generator cooler 7, the coolant is heated to T4 and then enters the coolant circulation pump 1 for further pressurization before entering the subsequent process cycle.

[0038] Example 5 This embodiment is based on embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a method for coordinated control of heat dissipation and heat recovery in hydrogen production and fuel cells, enabling heating and heat dissipation during the simultaneous operation of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system.

[0039] like Figure 1 As shown, the hot coolant at temperature T1 in the fuel cell stack outlet coolant pipe 14 is mixed with the coolant at temperature T2 in the hydrogen production heat exchange coolant pipe 16, resulting in a mixed coolant temperature of T3. After being pressurized by the coolant circulation pump 1, the mixed coolant first enters the heat recovery heat exchanger 2. In the heat recovery heat exchanger 2, the coolant temperature is cooled to T4 by the heating return water. The heating return water at temperature T5 in the heating return water pipe 17 enters the heat recovery heat exchanger 2 and is heated to a heating supply water temperature of T6, which is then transported to the user through the heating supply water pipe 18.

[0040] If the required temperature of the cryogenic coolant is T7, the speed of the cooling fan 3 is adjusted by the feedback from the coolant temperature sensor 22 after heat dissipation, thereby controlling the temperature of the coolant in the coolant pipe 12 after heat dissipation at T7. Then, the coolant passes through the three-way control valve 4, with part entering the fuel cell stack 5 and part entering the hydrogen production cooler 7. The angle of the three-way control valve 4 is adjusted by the temperature sensor 24 installed on the water supply pipe 20 at the inlet of the electrolyzer, thereby adjusting the temperature of the circulating water in the water supply pipe 20 at the inlet of the electrolyzer to T8. The speed of the coolant circulation pump 1 is adjusted by the coolant temperature sensor 23 installed on the coolant pipe 14 at the outlet of the fuel cell stack, thereby controlling the temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the fuel cell stack 5 at T1. The heated coolant in the coolant pipe 16 after hydrogen production heat exchange and the coolant pipe 14 at the outlet of the fuel cell stack merges and enters the coolant circulation pump 1 for circulation.

[0041] The circulating water at the outlet temperature of electrolyzer 8, at T9, is pressurized by the water supply circulation pump 6 and then enters the hydrogen production cooler 7. In the hydrogen production cooler 7, the circulating cooling water is cooled to T8 by the coolant at a temperature of T7 before entering the electrolyzer 8. The outlet temperature of the circulating water in electrolyzer 8 is controlled by a temperature sensor 25 installed on the circulating water pipe 21 at the electrolyzer outlet, which provides feedback to adjust the speed of the coolant circulation pump 6.

[0042] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technologies or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

[0043] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that this application is not limited to the described order of actions, as some steps may be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to this application. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used only for distinguishing descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Claims

1. A coordinated control system for heat dissipation and heat recovery in hydrogen production and fuel cells, characterized in that, It includes a thermal management loop and a controller (9), the controller (9) being connected to and controlling the thermal management loop, the thermal management loop being connected to the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system respectively; the controller (9) is capable of controlling the thermal management loop to dissipate heat and recover heat from the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system and / or the water electrolysis hydrogen production system.

2. The heat dissipation and heat recovery coordinated control system for hydrogen production and fuel cells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thermal management circuit includes a coolant circulation pump (1), a heat recovery heat exchanger (2), a cooling fan (3), a three-way control valve (4), a water supply circulation pump (6), and a hydrogen production cooler (7). The coolant circulation pump (1), the heat recovery heat exchanger (2), the cooling fan (3), the three-way control valve (4), and the hydrogen production cooler (7) are connected in sequence. The water supply circulation pump (6) is connected to the hydrogen production cooler (7). The controller (9) is connected to the coolant circulation pump (1), the cooling fan (3), the three-way control valve (4), and the water supply circulation pump (6) respectively.

3. The heat dissipation and heat recovery coordinated control system for hydrogen production and fuel cells according to claim 2, characterized in that, The coolant circulation pump (1), heat recovery heat exchanger (2), cooling fan (3), three-way control valve (4) are sequentially connected to the hydrogen production cooler (7), and the water supply circulation pump (6) is connected to the hydrogen production cooler (7), comprising: The coolant circulation pump (1) is connected to the heat recovery heat exchanger (2) through the high temperature coolant pipeline (10), the heat recovery heat exchanger (2) is connected to the cooling fan (3) through the low temperature coolant pipeline (11) after heat exchange, and the cooling fan (3) is connected to the inlet of the three-way control valve (4) through the coolant pipeline (12) after heat dissipation. The first outlet of the three-way control valve (4) is connected to the coolant inlet of the stack (5) in the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system through the stack inlet coolant pipe (13), and the coolant outlet of the stack (5) is connected to the coolant circulation pump (1) through the stack outlet coolant pipe (14). The second outlet of the three-way control valve (4) is connected to the hydrogen production cooler (7) through the hydrogen production coolant pipeline (15), and the hydrogen production cooler (7) is connected to the coolant circulation pump (1) through the hydrogen production heat exchange coolant pipeline (16). The water supply circulation pump (6) is connected to the hydrogen production cooler (7) through the circulating hot water pipe (19). The hydrogen production cooler (7) is connected to the circulating water inlet of the electrolyzer (8) in the electrolyzer hydrogen production system through the electrolyzer inlet water supply pipe (20). The circulating water outlet of the electrolyzer (8) is connected to the water supply circulation pump (6) through the electrolyzer outlet circulating water pipe (21).

4. The heat dissipation and heat recovery coordinated control system for hydrogen production and fuel cells according to claim 3, characterized in that, The thermal management circuit also includes a coolant temperature sensor (22) after heat dissipation, a coolant temperature sensor (23) at the fuel cell outlet, a circulating water temperature sensor (24) at the electrolytic cell inlet, and a circulating water temperature sensor (25) at the electrolytic cell outlet, all connected to the controller (9). The coolant temperature sensor (22) after heat dissipation is installed on the coolant pipeline (12), the coolant temperature sensor (23) at the fuel cell outlet is installed on the coolant pipeline (14) at the fuel cell outlet, the circulating water temperature sensor (24) at the electrolytic cell inlet is installed on the water supply pipeline (20) at the electrolytic cell inlet, and the circulating water temperature sensor (25) at the circulating water pipeline (21) at the electrolytic cell outlet.

5. A method for coordinated control of heat dissipation and heat recovery in hydrogen production and fuel cells, characterized in that, include: When the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system is running alone, the thermal management loop is controlled by the controller (9) to dissipate heat or recover heat from the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system. When the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is running alone, the thermal management loop is controlled by the controller (9) to dissipate heat or recover heat from the water electrolysis hydrogen production system. When the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system and the water electrolysis hydrogen production system are running simultaneously, the thermal management circuit is controlled by the controller (9) to simultaneously dissipate heat or recover heat for both.

6. A method for coordinated control of heat dissipation and heat recovery in hydrogen production and fuel cells, applied to the coordinated control system for heat dissipation and heat recovery as described in claim 3, characterized in that, include: When the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system is running alone, the position of the three-way control valve (4) is adjusted by the controller (9) so that the coolant flows into the stack (5) of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system only. The hot coolant at the outlet of the stack (5) is delivered to the coolant circulation pump (1) through the stack outlet coolant pipe (14) for pressurization. When external heating is required, the coolant output by the coolant circulation pump (1) enters the heat recovery heat exchanger (2); the low-temperature return water for heating enters the heat recovery heat exchanger (2) through the heating return water pipe (17), is heated to high-temperature heating water, and is then transported to the user through the heating water pipe (18); the coolant itself is cooled to low-temperature coolant and is then transported to the series-connected cooling fan (3) through the heat exchange low-temperature coolant pipe (11). When the user's heating demand is less than the heat dissipation of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system or when no heating is required, the cooling fan (3) is used to cool the coolant to the required inlet temperature of the stack (5). The low-temperature coolant flowing through the three-way control valve (4) enters the stack (5) through the stack inlet coolant pipe (13). After carrying out the heat of the stack (5) during the power generation process, it enters the coolant circulation pump for circulation (1) for use.

7. A method for coordinated control of heat dissipation and heat recovery in hydrogen production and fuel cells, applied to the coordinated control system for heat dissipation and heat recovery as described in claim 4, characterized in that, include: The temperature of the coolant in the coolant pipeline (12) after heat dissipation is monitored by the coolant temperature sensor (22), and the speed of the cooling fan (3) is adjusted in real time by the controller (9) to regulate the heat dissipation of the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system and ensure the temperature of the coolant at the inlet of the stack (5); the temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the stack (5) is monitored by the coolant temperature sensor (23), and the speed of the coolant circulation pump (1) is adjusted by the controller (9) to control the temperature of the coolant at the outlet of the stack (5).

8. A method for coordinated control of heat dissipation and heat recovery in hydrogen production and fuel cells, applied to the coordinated control system for heat dissipation and heat recovery as described in claim 3, characterized in that, include: When the water electrolysis hydrogen production system is running alone, the position of the three-way control valve (4) is adjusted by the controller (9) so that the coolant only flows into the hydrogen production cooler (7); the high-temperature circulating water in the circulating water pipe (21) at the outlet of the electrolyzer is pressurized by the water supply circulation pump (6) and enters the hydrogen production cooler (7). After exchanging heat with the coolant from the hydrogen production coolant pipe (15), its own temperature is reduced, and then it is circulated into the electrolyzer (8) of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system through the water supply pipe (20) at the inlet of the electrolyzer; in the electrolyzer (8), the circulating water carries away the heat generated by the electrolysis process, and after its own temperature rises, it enters the water supply circulation pump (6) for circulation; the low-temperature coolant in the hydrogen production coolant pipe (15) is heated by the hydrogen production circulating water in the circulating hot water pipe (19), and then merges with the stack outlet coolant pipe (14) before the coolant circulation pump (1) and enters the coolant circulation pump (1), and the coolant pressure rises; When external heating is required, the pressurized high-temperature coolant enters the heat recovery heat exchanger (2) through the high-temperature coolant pipeline (10); the cold side of the heat recovery heat exchanger (2) is the low-temperature return water for heating, which enters the heat recovery heat exchanger (2) through the heating return water pipeline (17) and is heated into high-temperature heating water, and then transported to users outside the boundary through the heating water pipeline (18); after the coolant itself is cooled into low-temperature coolant, it is transported to the series-connected cooling fan (3) through the low-temperature coolant pipeline (11) after heat exchange. When the user’s heating demand is less than the heat dissipation of the water electrolysis hydrogen production system or when no heating is provided, the cooling fan (3) is used to cool the coolant to the required inlet temperature of the hydrogen production cooler (7); the low-temperature coolant flowing through the three-way control valve (4) enters the hydrogen production cooler (7) through the hydrogen production coolant pipeline (15) and is then recycled.

9. A method for coordinated control of heat dissipation and heat recovery in hydrogen production and fuel cells, applied to the coordinated control system for heat dissipation and heat recovery as described in claim 4, characterized in that, include: By linking the inlet circulating water temperature sensor (24) of the electrolytic cell with the controller (9), the speed of the coolant circulation pump (1) is adjusted, thereby controlling the inlet circulating water temperature of the electrolytic cell (8) to the required value; by linking the outlet circulating water temperature sensor (25) of the electrolytic cell with the controller (9), the speed of the water supply circulation pump (6) is adjusted to regulate the temperature of the outlet circulating water of the electrolytic cell (8).

10. A method for coordinated control of heat dissipation and heat recovery in hydrogen production and fuel cells, applied to the coordinated control system for heat dissipation and heat recovery as described in claim 3, characterized in that, include: When the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system are running simultaneously, the controller (9) adjusts the flow distribution ratio of the coolant in the hydrogen production coolant pipeline (15) and the fuel cell stack inlet coolant pipeline (13) by adjusting the angle of the three-way control valve (4), and controls the total flow of coolant by the coolant circulation pump (1), thereby simultaneously cooling the water electrolysis hydrogen production system and the hydrogen fuel cell power generation system.

Images