A method and system for conditioning signals to compensate for temperature-dependent impedance drift

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of for compensating the adjusting method and system of temperature variation impedance drift signal, it is related to signal transmission technical field, it is applied to the adjusting system of compensating temperature variation impedance drift signal, adjusting system includes: transmitter, receiver, reference impedance trace, transmitter and receiver are connected by at least one signal trace, reference impedance trace and the impedance of signal trace are same, method includes: obtaining reference impedance trace reference impedance and current impedance;Wherein, reference impedance is the impedance value of reference impedance trace at reference temperature without temperature variation influence;Determine impedance variation amount based on reference impedance and current impedance;Determine target equalization parameter based on impedance variation amount;Equalization parameter of transmitter and receiver is set as target equalization parameter, to compensate the signal transmission quality degradation caused by temperature variation impedance drift;The application solves the problem that related art cannot adaptively optimize signal integrity in full temperature range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of signal transmission technology, and in particular to a method and system for adjusting a signal to compensate for temperature-dependent impedance drift. Background Technology

[0002] With the large-scale deployment of ultra-high-speed interface technology and the breakthrough of server rack power density to 20kW, the negative impact of temperature drift on signal integrity (SI) in high-speed board design is exponentially aggravated.

[0003] Traditional static impedance matching and fixed equalization parameter schemes cannot dynamically respond to nonlinear temperature change effects: when the operating temperature fluctuates, the ultra-low dielectric constant (Dk) of the printed circuit board (PCB) substrate drifts, directly causing the characteristic impedance of high-speed traces to shift, which in turn leads to SI degradation. Related technologies rely on PCB materials with better SI performance and preset fixed equalization parameters, but ultra-low Dk temperature drift substrates are expensive and have serious performance redundancy at room temperature; at the same time, segmented temperature compensation is difficult to cover parameter changes in extreme temperature ranges and lacks dynamic response capability.

[0004] Therefore, the relevant technologies have the technical problem of not being able to adaptively optimize signal integrity across the entire temperature range. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a method and system for adjusting a signal to compensate for temperature-dependent impedance drift, thereby at least solving the problem of optimizing signal integrity in related technologies where full-temperature-range adaptive optimization is not possible.

[0006] This application provides a signal adjustment method for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift, applied to a signal adjustment system for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift. The adjustment system includes: a transmitter, a receiver, and a reference impedance trace. The transmitter and the receiver are connected via at least one signal trace, and the reference impedance trace has the same impedance as the signal trace. The method includes:

[0007] Obtain the reference impedance and current impedance of the reference impedance trace; wherein, the reference impedance is the impedance value of the reference impedance trace when there is no temperature change at the reference temperature, and the current impedance is the actual impedance value of the reference impedance trace after temperature change impedance drift due to the difference between the current temperature and the reference temperature.

[0008] The impedance change is determined based on the reference impedance and the current impedance;

[0009] Based on the impedance change, a target equalization parameter is determined, wherein the target equalization parameter is used to adjust the waveform of the signal transmitted by the transmitter and the receiver through the signal trace;

[0010] The equalization parameters of the transmitter and the receiver are set to the target equalization parameters to compensate for the signal transmission quality degradation caused by temperature-induced impedance drift.

[0011] This application also provides a signal conditioning system for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift, the conditioning system comprising: a transmitter, a receiver, a reference impedance trace, a signal trace, a decision module, and an equalization parameter adjustment module.

[0012] The transmitter forms a signal transmission link with the receiver through the signal trace;

[0013] The reference impedance trace is used to provide feedback on the impedance changes of the signal trace;

[0014] The signal traces are used to transmit signal data;

[0015] The decision module, connected to the impedance probe, the temperature sensor, and the equalization parameter adjustment module, is used to acquire the reference impedance and the current impedance of the reference impedance trace. The reference impedance is the impedance value of the reference impedance trace at a reference temperature without temperature variation, and the current impedance is the actual impedance value of the reference impedance trace after temperature-induced impedance drift due to the difference between the current temperature and the reference temperature. Based on the reference impedance and the current impedance, the impedance change is determined. Based on the impedance change, a target equalization parameter is determined and sent to the equalization parameter adjustment module. The target equalization parameter is used to adjust the waveform of the signal transmitted by the transmitter and the receiver through the signal trace.

[0016] The equalization parameter adjustment module converts the target equalization parameters sent by the decision module into instructions that can be recognized by the transmitter and the receiver, and adjusts the equalization parameters of the transmitter and the receiver according to the instructions.

[0017] This application also provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory for storing a computer program; and a processor for executing the computer program to implement any of the steps of a signal adjustment method for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift.

[0018] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of any method for adjusting a signal to compensate for temperature-dependent impedance drift.

[0019] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any method for adjusting a signal to compensate for temperature-dependent impedance drift.

[0020] This application first obtains the reference impedance and current impedance of the reference impedance trace, then determines the impedance change based on the difference between the two, and subsequently generates targeted equalization parameters to adjust the signal waveforms of the transmitter and receiver. This application indirectly monitors impedance changes using the reference impedance trace, avoiding interference from direct measurement to the actual signal transmission. It also dynamically adapts the equalization parameters based on real-time impedance changes, effectively solving the problems of parameter redundancy, excessive power consumption, and high material costs in traditional solutions across the entire temperature range. Simultaneously, it ensures stable signal waveforms output by the transmitter and receiver across the entire temperature fluctuation range, guaranteeing signal integrity and achieving a balance between low cost, low power consumption, and high signal transmission quality. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a signal adjustment system for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift, provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating a method for adjusting a signal to compensate for temperature-dependent impedance drift, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] Figure 3 A second schematic flowchart illustrating a method for adjusting a signal to compensate for temperature-dependent impedance drift, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a signal adjustment device for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift, provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this application.

[0027] It should be noted that, in the description of this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. The terms "first," "second," etc., in this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence.

[0028] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Embodiments of this application provide a signal conditioning system for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift, referencing... Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic of the architecture of the signal conditioning system for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift provided in this application. The signal conditioning system 100 for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift includes: a transmitter 101, a receiver 102, a reference impedance trace, a signal trace, an impedance probe 103, a decision module 104, an equalization parameter adjustment module 105, and a temperature sensor 106.

[0030] Transmitter 101 and receiver 102 are used to receive equalization parameter adjustment instructions from decision module 104 and adjust the signal according to the equalization parameter adjustment instructions; transmitter 101 and receiver 102 form a signal transmission link through signal traces; the output terminal of transmitter 101 is directly connected to one end of the signal trace, and the input terminal of receiver 102 is directly connected to the other end of the signal trace.

[0031] As the starting point and core execution unit of the signal link, the transmitter 101 can receive equalization parameter adjustment instructions from the decision module 104. Before the signal is emitted, it can specifically compensate for the high-frequency attenuation caused by impedance drift and pre-shape the signal waveform to ensure that the signal can still maintain sufficient integrity after being transmitted through a poor channel.

[0032] Receiver 102 is connected to transmitter 101 via signal traces. Receiver 102 acts as the terminal and demodulation unit of the signal link, receiving signals after channel attenuation and distortion. It can receive equalization parameter adjustment commands from decision module 104, further repairing and enhancing the received signal. This ensures the final signal quality after transmission through a poorly conditioned channel.

[0033] The reference impedance trace is connected to the impedance probe 103 and is used to provide feedback on the impedance changes of the signal trace.

[0034] The reference impedance trace is placed near the signal trace on each layer and connected to the impedance probe 103. The impedance probe 103 directly measures the impedance change of this reference trace, which is used to reflect the actual impedance state of the trace in the area in real time under the same environmental conditions, thereby avoiding interference with actual data transmission.

[0035] Signal traces are used to transmit signal data; the spacing design rules for reference impedance traces and signal traces are the same.

[0036] Signal traces are the actual traces used for data transmission and are deployed on various layers of the PCB. When the temperature of the area where the trace is deployed changes, the adjustment system 100 will adjust the equalization parameters of the transmitter 101 and receiver 102 connected to the signal trace to adapt to the change in the current trace impedance and ensure signal transmission quality.

[0037] Temperature sensor 106 is used to detect the temperature of the signal trace.

[0038] Temperature sensor 106 is used to monitor the temperature of hot spots in signal traces. It is placed around areas prone to heat generation, such as CPU and GPU. Temperature sensor 106 can be a thin-film RTD temperature sensor with an accuracy of ±0.1℃ to achieve high-precision temperature acquisition.

[0039] Impedance probe 103 is used to obtain the reference impedance of the reference impedance trace and the current impedance of the reference impedance trace.

[0040] Impedance probe 103 can be a TDR impedance probe 103, used to measure the impedance of the reference group traces. It collects a set of impedance data every 50ms to obtain the impedance change trend in real time, providing a data basis for impedance drift compensation.

[0041] The decision module 104, connected to the impedance probe 103, temperature sensor 106, and equalization parameter adjustment module 105, is used to determine the impedance change based on the reference impedance and the current impedance; determine the target equalization parameter based on the impedance change, wherein the target equalization parameter is used to adjust the waveform of the signal transmitted by the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102 through the signal trace; send the target equalization parameter to the equalization parameter adjustment module 105, and send the target equalization parameter adjustment command to the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102.

[0042] The decision module 104 may further include: a temperature impedance analysis unit, a parameter mapping unit, and a control stability processing unit; wherein, the temperature impedance analysis unit can acquire the temperature and current impedance in real time; the parameter mapping unit calculates the impedance change based on the acquired temperature and current impedance, and calculates and generates adaptive equalization parameters; the control stability processing unit generates adjustment instructions for equalization parameters such as pre-emphasis / de-emphasis based on the impedance change; at the same time, it calculates the impedance change rate and generates dynamic adjustment smoothing parameters to drive the hardware to realize step-by-step gradual adjustment, avoid signal quality fluctuations caused by parameter abrupt changes, thereby ensuring the stable operation and low bit error rate of the high-speed signal system under wide temperature range conditions.

[0043] The decision module 104 can read the impedance value measured by the impedance probe 103 in real time, obtain the plate temperature value measured by the temperature sensor 106 in real time, and send the generated target equalization parameters to the equalization parameter adjustment module 105.

[0044] The equalization parameter adjustment module 105 converts the target equalization parameters sent by the decision module 104 into register instructions that can be recognized by the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102, and adjusts the current equalization parameters of the transmitter 101 and the receiver 102 according to the register instructions.

[0045] This application provides an embodiment of a signal adjustment method for compensating for temperature-varying impedance drift. The method is described in detail below, combining the execution flow of the signal adjustment method for compensating for temperature-varying impedance drift and the signal adjustment system for compensating for temperature-varying impedance drift. (Refer to...) Figure 2 The diagram shown is a flowchart illustrating the signal adjustment method for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift provided in this application. The specific steps include the following:

[0046] S101: Obtain the reference impedance and current impedance of the reference impedance trace.

[0047] The reference impedance is the impedance value of the reference impedance trace when there is no temperature change at the reference temperature (e.g., 25°C, the normal operating reference temperature), and the current impedance is the actual impedance value of the reference impedance trace after temperature change impedance drift due to the difference between the current temperature and the reference temperature.

[0048] Specifically, through laboratory testing at room temperature, the equalization parameters of the transmitter and receiver are adjusted to the optimal state of signal transmission quality, that is, the equalization parameters when the signal eye diagrams of the transmitter and receiver are clear and the bit error rate is the lowest. Simultaneously, the impedance value of the reference impedance trace is collected by an impedance probe at this time, and this impedance value is the reference impedance.

[0049] The current impedance of the reference impedance trace refers to the impedance data acquired dynamically in real time. It is obtained by periodically measuring the impedance of the reference impedance trace by an impedance probe (e.g., every 50ms). At the same time, it needs to be combined with the current temperature information of the reference impedance trace acquired by a temperature sensor to ensure that the acquired current impedance can truly reflect the impedance drift caused by temperature changes.

[0050] S102. Determine the impedance change based on the current impedance and the reference impedance.

[0051] Among them, the current impedance refers to the current impedance value of the reference impedance trace acquired in real time by the impedance probe (denoted as Z_current), and the reference impedance refers to the reference impedance value measured under normal temperature conditions when the reference impedance trace is in the best state of signal transmission (denoted as Z0).

[0052] Specifically, the difference between the current impedance and the reference impedance is calculated to determine the impedance change. This impedance change can be calculated in real-time using the impedance analysis unit according to the formula ΔZ = Z_current - Z0 (denoted as Z_current). Z); the difference between the current impedance and the reference impedance, that is, the amount of impedance change directly reflects the degree of impedance drift caused by temperature change.

[0053] In this embodiment, on the one hand, by leveraging the parameter consistency between the reference impedance trace and the signal trace, the difference can directly reflect the degree of impedance drift caused by temperature changes, eliminating interference from non-temperature-related factors and providing a true and reliable basis for subsequent equalization parameter adjustment based on temperature-dependent impedance drift. On the other hand, the impedance change is obtained in real time through simple and direct difference calculation. The calculation logic is concise and efficient, and it can quickly respond to dynamic temperature changes. Furthermore, by indirectly monitoring the impedance based on the reference impedance trace, the interference caused by directly measuring the signal trace impedance to the actual signal transmission is avoided. This ensures both the continuity and stability of signal transmission and lays a key data foundation for subsequent adjustment of equalization parameters and optimization of signal waveforms based on impedance changes, ensuring the targeted and effective adjustment of signal integrity across the entire temperature range.

[0054] S103. Determine the target equalization parameters based on the impedance change.

[0055] The target equalization parameter is used to adjust the waveform of the signal transmitted by the transmitter and the receiver through the signal trace. The equalization parameter can also be the current equalization parameter (denoted as P0) as the reference equalization parameter to ensure signal transmission for the transmitter and receiver. That is, the equalization parameter that corresponds to the optimal state of signal transmission quality of the transmitter and receiver when tested under normal laboratory temperature conditions.

[0056] Specifically, the above S103 can be further refined into the following steps S1031 to S1037:

[0057] S1031. Determine the adaptation and equalization parameters based on the impedance change.

[0058] Specifically, data pairs of impedance changes and corresponding equalization parameter changes are obtained at different temperatures; the data pairs are fitted to determine the mapping coefficients, which reflect the relationship between impedance changes and equalization parameter changes.

[0059] In a controlled experimental environment covering the entire temperature range of the actual operation of the control system (e.g., from room temperature 25°C to the maximum operating temperature 90°C), at each preset stable temperature point, the impedance value of the reference impedance trace is first measured using an impedance probe, and the impedance change ΔZ at that temperature point is calculated by comparing it with the reference impedance at room temperature. At the same time, the equalization parameters of the transmitter and receiver are adjusted until the signal eye diagram quality is optimal and the bit error rate meets the system requirements. The difference between the equalization parameters at this point and the current equalization parameters at room temperature is recorded, i.e., the equalization parameter change ΔP. This forms a (ΔZ, ΔP) data pair for a single temperature point. This process is repeated to obtain multiple sets of data pairs covering the entire temperature range.

[0060] By simultaneously acquiring the changes in impedance reflecting temperature variations and the changes in equalization parameters that adapt to the drift at each preset stable temperature point in a controlled experimental environment covering the entire actual operating temperature range of the control system, we can ensure that each set of data corresponds to the impedance and equalization parameter matching relationship under actual operating conditions, avoiding data deviations caused by missing temperature scenarios or substandard parameter adjustments. At the same time, we can accumulate multiple sets of reliable samples covering the entire temperature range, providing sufficient and realistic basic data for subsequent determination of mapping coefficients through fitting.

[0061] After obtaining multiple sets of data pairs, linear fitting or least squares method can be used to fit the data pairs and determine the mapping coefficients.

[0062] For example, due to the linear characteristics of the temperature drift of the dielectric constant of the PCB board and the linearity of the adjustment of the equalization parameters of the signal transceiver unit, the impedance change ΔZ and the equalization parameter change ΔP are approximately linearly related within the system's operating temperature range. By fitting, a quantitative relationship expression between the two can be obtained, namely, ΔP = K × ΔZ, where K is the mapping coefficient. This coefficient directly reflects the change in equalization parameters required to match a unit impedance change and is the core quantitative bridge connecting impedance drift and equalization adjustment.

[0063] After determining the mapping coefficients, the impedance change and the current equalization parameters are processed to determine the appropriate equalization parameters (denoted as P_target).

[0064] For example, the current equalization parameter P0 is defined as the reference parameter that ensures the optimal signal at room temperature. Combining the current real-time measured impedance change ΔZ with the mapping coefficient K, the equalization parameter adjustment required for the current impedance drift is first calculated. Then, the adaptive equalization parameter is obtained through the formula: P_target=P0+ΔP. This adaptive equalization parameter can match the impedance state at the current temperature, ensuring that the transmitter and receiver can output a signal waveform that meets the integrity requirements based on this parameter.

[0065] In this embodiment, by acquiring multiple sets of data pairs covering the entire operating temperature range of the system under controlled experimental conditions, it is possible to ensure that the data fully adapts to the actual operating conditions and avoid adaptation deviations caused by missing temperature scenarios. By determining the mapping coefficients through linear fitting or least squares method, a quantitative correlation between impedance change and equalization adjustment is established, solving the technical pain point that there is no clear correspondence between the two. Finally, based on the mapping coefficients, the real-time impedance change, and the current equalization parameters under the normal temperature reference, the adaptation equalization parameters are calculated to match the impedance state at the current temperature, ensuring that the transmitter and receiver output signal waveforms that meet the integrity requirements. This provides a reliable parameter basis for subsequent dynamic equalization adjustment and effectively avoids the signal degradation problem caused by the inability of traditional fixed parameters to adapt to temperature-varying impedance drift.

[0066] S1032. Determine the rate of impedance change based on the amount of impedance change.

[0067] The impedance change time corresponding to the impedance change data is determined using a control stability processing unit. Specifically, the impedance probe acquires impedance data from the reference impedance trace at a preset period. The impedance change data (denoted as Z_prev) is the difference between the impedance value at the current sampling moment and the impedance value at the previous sampling moment. The corresponding impedance change time (denoted as t_prev) is the time interval between these two sampling moments, i.e., Δt = t_current - t_prev. This time interval is completely consistent with the sampling period of the impedance probe.

[0068] After determining the impedance change time corresponding to the impedance change data, the impedance change time and impedance change data are processed to determine the impedance change rate. Specifically, the impedance change rate (denoted as dZ / dt) can be converted from the static impedance change amplitude to the dynamic rate of impedance change per unit time through division.

[0069] In this embodiment, by having the impedance probe collect the reference impedance trace impedance at a preset period, the impedance change time is directly equal to the sampling period, eliminating the need for additional complex calculations, simplifying the time determination process and ensuring the accuracy of the time data. At the same time, the impedance change rate is obtained by dividing the impedance change by the time interval, which can transform the static impedance change amplitude into the dynamic rate of change per unit time, quantifying the dynamic trend of impedance drift.

[0070] S1033. Determine the adjustment strategy based on the impedance change rate.

[0071] When the impedance change rate is less than the first threshold (denoted as R_low), it indicates that the change is a non-temperature-driven disturbance (e.g., measurement noise, extremely slow environmental temperature drift, etc.). In this case, adjusting the parameters may actually damage the signal stability. Based on this, the adjustment strategy is determined to be the first adjustment strategy. The first adjustment strategy is to keep the current equalization parameters unchanged, and the first threshold is the critical value that distinguishes between small fluctuations and effective drift.

[0072] When the rate of impedance change is not less than the first threshold, it indicates that the effective impedance drift caused by temperature change needs to be controlled by the smoothing parameter to avoid parameter abrupt change; based on this, the adjustment strategy is determined to be the second adjustment strategy; wherein, the second adjustment strategy is to determine the target equilibrium parameter by the smoothing parameter.

[0073] In this embodiment, the nature of impedance changes is distinguished by a first threshold, separating non-temperature-induced interference below the first threshold from effective temperature-induced impedance drift not below the first threshold. For the former, a first adjustment strategy is adopted to keep the current equalization parameters unchanged, avoiding invalid parameter adjustments that could damage signal stability. For the latter, a second adjustment strategy is adopted to determine the target equalization parameters through smoothing parameters, preventing signal distortion caused by parameter abrupt changes. This approach achieves on-demand adjustment to reduce system redundancy and controls the adjustment method for effective temperature-induced drift, ensuring the signal transmission stability and integrity of the transmitter and receiver in all scenarios.

[0074] S1034. Determine whether the adjustment strategy is the second adjustment strategy.

[0075] When the adjustment strategy is the second adjustment strategy, execute S1035 to enter the smoothing parameter determination step to ensure that dynamic adjustment is only initiated when necessary; when the adjustment strategy is not the second adjustment strategy, execute S1037.

[0076] S1035. Determine the smoothing parameters based on the impedance change rate.

[0077] The rate of impedance change is compared with a first threshold and a second threshold (denoted as R_high) to determine the smoothing parameter. The second threshold is greater than the first threshold. Specifically, the first threshold R_low can be a critical value that distinguishes between small impedance fluctuations and effective impedance drift; the second threshold R_high can be a critical value that distinguishes between moderate impedance changes and severe thermal transients.

[0078] Specifically, the first threshold can be determined by acquiring multiple sets of impedance values ​​in an experimental environment, and then determining the impedance noise based on these values. In other words, multiple sets of impedance values ​​of the reference impedance trace are collected in an experimental environment, and the impedance noise is determined by analyzing the fluctuation range of these impedance values. That is, the natural impedance fluctuations not caused by temperature factors are identified. The first threshold is then set based on this impedance noise, and its core function is to avoid misinterpreting minute rate changes caused by impedance noise as effective impedance drift requiring adjustment.

[0079] The second threshold can be determined by acquiring the temperature change of impedance and adjusting the rate of temperature change of the system under experimental conditions. Specifically, the temperature change scenario of the system in actual operation is simulated under experimental conditions, the temperature change of impedance (i.e., the impedance change data with temperature) is collected, and the rate of temperature change of the system is adjusted (i.e., the fastest temperature rise / fall rate that the system can withstand). The impedance change rate corresponding to the severe thermal transient scenario is calculated by correlating the two, and this rate is set as the second threshold.

[0080] By determining the first and second thresholds under experimental conditions, a reliable basis for judging the reasonable matching of smoothing parameters is provided. The first threshold is set based on impedance noise, which can effectively avoid misjudging small rate changes caused by noise as effective impedance drift that needs to be adjusted, and reduce the interference of ineffective adjustment on signal stability. The second threshold is calculated by simulating the actual temperature change scenario of the system, combined with impedance, temperature correlation data and the system temperature withstand rate. It can distinguish between moderate impedance changes and severe thermal transients, and prevent the use of a single adjustment logic for impedance changes at different rates.

[0081] When the rate of impedance change equals the first threshold, it indicates that the impedance change has just reached the critical value at which adjustment needs to be initiated. To ensure stability in the initial stage of adjustment, a smoothing parameter (denoted as...) is determined. ) is the first smoothing parameter, where the first smoothing parameter can be a preset maximum smoothing parameter.

[0082] When the impedance change rate is greater than the second threshold, it indicates that the impedance change is a drastic thermal transient (e.g., a sudden high load on the system causing a rapid temperature rise). To avoid signal distortion caused by large jumps in the equalization parameter, the smoothing parameter is determined to be the second smoothing parameter; wherein, the second smoothing parameter is smaller than the first smoothing parameter; overshoot is suppressed by small-amplitude adjustment.

[0083] When the rate of impedance change equals the second threshold, it indicates that the impedance change is in a critical state of drastic thermal transient, and the adjustment amplitude needs to be further reduced. Therefore, the smoothing parameter is determined to be the third smoothing parameter; where the third smoothing parameter is less than the second smoothing parameter.

[0084] When the impedance change rate is less than the second threshold, it indicates that the impedance change rate is between the first and second thresholds, signifying a moderate impedance change rate. A balance between timely adjustment and stability is needed, and the smoothing parameter is determined as the fourth smoothing parameter. This fourth smoothing parameter is greater than the first smoothing parameter and less than the third smoothing parameter, and it decreases as the impedance change rate increases. In other words, the closer the rate is to the first threshold, the closer the parameter is to the upper limit to accelerate adjustment; the closer the rate is to the second threshold, the closer the parameter is to the lower limit to slow down adjustment, achieving dynamic adaptation.

[0085] For example, if 0.1 ≤ α ≤ 1: α = 1 – 0.9 * (|dZ / dt| - R_low) / (R_high - R_low); when |dZ / dt| is below the first threshold R_low, it is determined that the impedance is changing slowly, and the current parameter can be maintained unchanged; when |dZ / dt| is above the second threshold R_high, it is determined that a violent thermal transient is occurring, and immediate action is required, using a very small smoothing parameter α (e.g., the parameter smoothing parameter α is 0.1) to prevent overshoot; when |dZ / dt| is between the first and second thresholds, the smoothing parameter α has a negatively correlated functional relationship with |dZ / dt|; between R_low and R_high, the smoothing parameter α decreases linearly or according to a specific curve as |dZ / dt| increases. The first threshold is determined based on the noise level of the impedance measurement and the acceptable delay (10 s), such as the impedance value Z observed by the TDR fluctuating between 49.8 Ω and 50.2 Ω under isothermal laboratory conditions. This fluctuation range of ±0.2Ω is noise. It represents the fluctuation of impedance change within an acceptable delay time. The purpose of setting the second threshold is to identify drastic transient events that may compromise signal integrity (e.g., the CPU going from idle to full load). This threshold is determined based on the PCB material characteristics and the system's maximum thermal transient rate. This value is measured under laboratory conditions, such as when set within an acceptable delay time at a material temperature rise rate of 2°C, yielding the |dZ / dt| value.

[0086] In this embodiment, by matching differentiated smoothing parameters to different ranges of impedance change rates, the equalization adjustment is adapted to all scenarios. When the rate equals the first threshold, the largest first smoothing parameter is used to ensure stability in the initial stage of adjustment and avoid parameter fluctuations immediately after adjustment starts. When the rate is greater than the second threshold, a smaller second smoothing parameter is used to suppress adjustment overshoot and prevent signal distortion caused by large jumps in the equalization parameter. When the rate equals the second threshold, a smaller third smoothing parameter is used to further reduce the adjustment amplitude to cope with the risks of critical scenarios. When the rate is between the two thresholds, the fourth smoothing parameter is dynamically reduced as the rate increases, ensuring timely adjustment with a parameter close to the upper limit when the rate is slow, and ensuring adjustment stability with a parameter close to the lower limit when the rate is fast. The overall design covers the entire rate scenario from adjustment start to drastic transients, ensuring that the smoothing parameter always matches the actual needs of impedance change, effectively avoiding the problem that a single parameter cannot adapt to multiple scenarios, providing support for the reasonable determination of subsequent target equalization parameters, and ultimately ensuring the stability and integrity of the signal waveforms of the transmitter and receiver.

[0087] S1036. Determine the target equilibrium parameters based on the adjustment strategy and the adaptive equilibrium parameters.

[0088] The equalization parameters of the system are obtained. The equalization parameters of the transmitter and receiver are stored in the internal SerDes register. The equalization parameter adjustment module can read the current configuration value of the register in real time and obtain the current equalization parameters after parsing.

[0089] The difference between the adaptive equalization parameter and the current equalization parameter is processed to obtain the differential equalization parameter. When the adjustment strategy is the second adjustment strategy, the incremental parameter is determined based on the differential equalization parameter and the smoothing parameter. The second adjustment strategy corresponds to the scenario where impedance changes need to be dynamically adjusted. The core function of the smoothing parameter is to control the single adjustment amplitude and avoid signal waveform distortion caused by parameter jumps. Therefore, the incremental parameter is calculated through the differential equalization parameter and the smoothing parameter, that is, incremental parameter = α * (P_target - P_previous), where (P_target - P_previous) represents the differential equalization parameter. The larger the smoothing parameter, the closer the single adjustment is to the total amplitude; the smaller the smoothing parameter, the smaller the single adjustment amplitude.

[0090] After determining the incremental parameter, it is added to the current equalization parameter to obtain the target equalization parameter. For example, P_new = P_previous + α * (P_target - P_previous), where P_previous represents the current equalization parameter. By adding the incremental parameter, a small amount of data is added to the current equalization parameter. The resulting target equalization parameter satisfies the impedance drift adjustment requirements while avoiding interference to signal transmission caused by sudden parameter changes.

[0091] In this embodiment, by reading and parsing the current equalization parameters from the transmitter and receiver in real time, the authenticity and timeliness of the parameter acquisition are ensured, providing a benchmark that fits the actual working state of the system for subsequent adjustments. The difference between the adaptive equalization parameters and the current equalization parameters is processed to quantify the total adjustment requirement from the current state to the ideal adaptive state, avoiding deviations in adjustment direction or amplitude. Under the second adjustment strategy, by calculating the incremental parameters and using smoothing parameters, the amplitude of a single adjustment is effectively controlled, fundamentally avoiding signal waveform distortion caused by parameter jumps. Finally, the incremental parameters are added to the current equalization parameters to obtain the target equalization parameters, realizing small-amplitude step adjustment. This satisfies the adaptation requirements caused by impedance drift and avoids interference to signal transmission caused by sudden parameter changes, ensuring that the transmitter and receiver can output stable signal waveforms that meet integrity requirements, and guaranteeing signal transmission quality under full temperature variation scenarios.

[0092] S1037. Keep the current equilibrium parameters unchanged.

[0093] When the adjustment strategy is determined to be the first adjustment strategy, the current equalization parameters remain unchanged. The first adjustment strategy is activated when the impedance change rate is less than a first threshold. The first threshold is determined based on impedance noise analysis under experimental conditions. When the impedance change rate is less than this threshold, it means that the current impedance change is a small fluctuation that is not dominated by temperature change (e.g., measurement noise, extremely slow environmental temperature drift). Such changes are not enough to have a significant impact on signal integrity.

[0094] S104. Set the equalization parameters of the transmitter and receiver to the target equalization parameters.

[0095] The required target equalization parameter P_new is parsed according to register instructions and converted into specific SerDes register configuration values. These SerDes register configuration values ​​are then written into the SerDes registers of the transmitter and receiver to adjust the waveform characteristics of the high-speed signal.

[0096] This application first obtains the reference impedance and the real-time current impedance of the reference impedance trace, then determines the impedance change based on the difference between the two, and subsequently generates targeted equalization parameters to adjust the signal waveforms of the transmitter and receiver. This application indirectly monitors impedance changes using the reference impedance trace, avoiding interference from direct measurement to the actual signal transmission. It also dynamically adapts the equalization parameters based on real-time impedance changes, effectively solving the problems of parameter redundancy, excessive power consumption, and high material costs in traditional solutions across the entire temperature range. Simultaneously, it ensures stable signal waveforms output by the transmitter and receiver across the entire temperature fluctuation range, guaranteeing signal integrity and achieving a balance between low cost, low power consumption, and high signal transmission quality.

[0097] Embodiments of this application also provide a signal adjustment device for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift, corresponding one-to-one with the method claims. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a signal adjustment device 400 for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift provided in this disclosure, as shown below. Figure 4 As shown, the adjustment device 400 in this embodiment includes:

[0098] The acquisition module 41 is used to acquire the reference impedance and the current impedance of the reference impedance trace; wherein, the reference impedance is the impedance value of the reference impedance trace when there is no temperature change at the reference temperature, and the current impedance is the actual impedance value of the reference impedance trace after temperature change impedance drift due to the difference between the current temperature and the reference temperature.

[0099] Determine module 42, which is used to determine the impedance change based on the reference impedance and the current impedance;

[0100] Adjustment module 43 is used to determine target equalization parameters based on impedance change, wherein the target equalization parameters are used to adjust the waveform of the signal transmitted by the transmitter and receiver through the signal trace;

[0101] Setting module 44 is used to set the equalization parameters of the transmitter and receiver to the target equalization parameters to compensate for the degradation of signal transmission quality caused by temperature-induced impedance drift.

[0102] As an optional implementation of this application, the adjustment module 43 is specifically used to determine the adaptation equalization parameters based on the impedance change amount; determine the adjustment strategy based on the impedance change rate; and determine the target equalization parameters based on the adjustment strategy and the adaptation equalization parameters.

[0103] As an optional implementation of this application, the adjustment module 43 is further specifically used to determine the impedance change time corresponding to the impedance change data before determining the adjustment strategy based on the impedance change rate; and to process the impedance change time and impedance change data to determine the impedance change rate.

[0104] As an optional implementation of this application, the adjustment module 43 is further specifically used to determine the adjustment strategy as a first adjustment strategy when the impedance change rate is less than a first threshold; wherein, the first adjustment strategy is to keep the current equalization parameters unchanged; and to determine the adjustment strategy as a second adjustment strategy when the impedance change rate is not less than the first threshold; wherein, the second adjustment strategy is to determine the target equalization parameters through smoothing parameters.

[0105] As an optional implementation of this application, when the adjustment strategy is the second adjustment strategy, the adjustment module 43 is further specifically used to determine the smoothing parameter as the first smoothing parameter when the impedance change rate is equal to the first threshold.

[0106] As an optional implementation of this application, the adjustment module 43 is further specifically used to determine the smoothing parameter as a second smoothing parameter when the impedance change rate is greater than the second threshold; wherein the second threshold is greater than the first threshold and the second smoothing parameter is less than the first smoothing parameter; when the impedance change rate is equal to the second threshold, the smoothing parameter is determined as a third smoothing parameter; wherein the third smoothing parameter is less than the second smoothing parameter; when the impedance change rate is less than the second threshold, the smoothing parameter is determined as a fourth smoothing parameter; wherein the fourth smoothing parameter is greater than the first smoothing parameter and less than the third smoothing parameter.

[0107] As an optional implementation of this application, the adjustment module 43 is also specifically used to acquire multiple sets of impedance values ​​in an experimental environment; determine impedance noise based on the multiple sets of impedance values; and determine a first threshold based on the impedance noise.

[0108] As an optional implementation of this application, the adjustment module 43 is also specifically used to acquire the temperature change of the impedance in an experimental environment and adjust the temperature change rate of the system; and to determine a second threshold based on the temperature change and the temperature change rate.

[0109] As an optional implementation of this application, the adjustment module 43 is further specifically used to perform difference processing on the adaptation balance parameter and the current balance parameter to obtain the difference balance parameter; when the adjustment strategy is the second adjustment strategy, the incremental parameter is determined based on the difference balance parameter and the smoothing parameter; and the target balance parameter is determined based on the incremental parameter and the current balance parameter.

[0110] As an optional implementation of this application, the adjustment module 43 is further specifically used to add the incremental parameter and the current equilibrium parameter to obtain the target equilibrium parameter.

[0111] As an optional implementation of this application, the adjustment module 43 is further specifically used to obtain a mapping coefficient; wherein the mapping coefficient reflects the relationship between the impedance change and the equalization parameter change, the equalization parameter change is the difference between the target equalization parameter and the current equalization parameter of the transmitter and the receiver; based on the mapping coefficient, the impedance change and the current equalization parameter are processed to determine the adaptive equalization parameter.

[0112] As an optional implementation of this application, the adjustment module is further specifically used to obtain data pairs of impedance change and corresponding equalization parameter change at different temperatures; and to fit the data pairs to determine the mapping coefficients.

[0113] As an optional implementation of this application, the determining module 42 is specifically used to perform difference processing on the reference impedance and the current impedance to determine the impedance change.

[0114] For a description of the features of the signal adjustment device for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift in the corresponding embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of the signal adjustment method for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift in the corresponding embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0115] Embodiments of this application also provide an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor is configured to run the computer program to perform the steps in any of the above embodiments of the signal adjustment method for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift.

[0116] Embodiments of this application also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps in any of the above embodiments of the signal adjustment method for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift when it is run.

[0117] In one exemplary embodiment, the aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, various media capable of storing computer programs, such as a USB flash drive, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), portable hard disk, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0118] Embodiments of this application also provide a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in any of the above-described methods for adjusting signals to compensate for temperature-dependent impedance drift.

[0119] Embodiments of this application also provide another computer program product, including a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in any of the above-described methods for adjusting signals to compensate for temperature-dependent impedance drift.

[0120] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0121] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of a signal adjustment method and apparatus for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift, as provided in this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the embodiments above are merely for the purpose of helping to understand the method and its core ideas. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this application without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting a signal to compensate for temperature-dependent impedance drift, characterized in that, A signal conditioning system for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift, the conditioning system comprising: a transmitter, a receiver, and a reference impedance trace, wherein the transmitter and the receiver are connected via at least one signal trace, and the reference impedance trace has the same impedance as the signal trace; the method comprising: Obtain the reference impedance and current impedance of the reference impedance trace; wherein, the reference impedance is the impedance value of the reference impedance trace when there is no temperature change at the reference temperature, and the current impedance is the actual impedance value of the reference impedance trace after temperature change impedance drift due to the difference between the current temperature and the reference temperature. The impedance change is determined based on the reference impedance and the current impedance; Based on the impedance change, a target equalization parameter is determined, wherein the target equalization parameter is used to adjust the waveform of the signal transmitted by the transmitter and the receiver through the signal trace; The equalization parameters of the transmitter and the receiver are set to the target equalization parameters to compensate for the signal transmission quality degradation caused by temperature-induced impedance drift.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the target equalization parameters based on the impedance change includes: Based on the impedance change, determine the adaptation and equalization parameters; The adjustment strategy is determined based on the rate of impedance change. Based on the adjustment strategy and the adaptation equilibrium parameters, the target equilibrium parameters are determined.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Before determining the adjustment strategy based on the impedance change rate, the method further includes: Determine the impedance change time corresponding to the impedance change data; The impedance change time and the impedance change data are processed to determine the impedance change rate.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the adjustment strategy based on the impedance change rate includes: When the rate of change of impedance is less than a first threshold, the adjustment strategy is determined to be the first adjustment strategy; wherein, the first adjustment strategy is to keep the current equalization parameter unchanged; When the impedance change rate is not less than the first threshold, the adjustment strategy is determined to be the second adjustment strategy; wherein, the second adjustment strategy is to determine the target equalization parameter through a smoothing parameter.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the adjustment strategy is the second adjustment strategy, the method further includes: When the rate of change of impedance is equal to the first threshold, the smoothing parameter is determined to be the first smoothing parameter.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the adjustment strategy is the second adjustment strategy, the method further includes: When the impedance change rate is greater than the second threshold, the smoothing parameter is determined to be the second smoothing parameter; wherein the second threshold is greater than the first threshold, and the second smoothing parameter is less than the first smoothing parameter; When the rate of change of impedance is equal to the second threshold, the smoothing parameter is determined to be the third smoothing parameter; wherein the third smoothing parameter is less than the second smoothing parameter; When the rate of change of impedance is less than the second threshold, the smoothing parameter is determined to be the fourth smoothing parameter; wherein the fourth smoothing parameter is greater than the first smoothing parameter and less than the third smoothing parameter.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The fourth smoothing parameter decreases as the rate of impedance change increases.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: Multiple impedance values ​​were obtained under experimental conditions; Based on the multiple sets of impedance values, the impedance noise is determined; The first threshold is determined based on the impedance noise.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further includes: Under experimental conditions, the temperature change of the impedance and the rate of temperature change of the regulating system were obtained. The second threshold is determined based on the temperature change and the rate of temperature change.

10. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of determining the target equilibrium parameters based on the adaptive equilibrium parameters includes: The difference between the adaptive equalization parameter and the current equalization parameter is processed to obtain the difference equalization parameter; When the adjustment strategy is the second adjustment strategy, the incremental parameter is determined based on the difference balancing parameter and the smoothing parameter; The target equilibrium parameter is determined based on the incremental parameter and the current equilibrium parameter.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that, Determining the target equilibrium parameter based on the incremental parameter and the current equilibrium parameter includes: The incremental parameter and the current equilibrium parameter are added together to obtain the target equilibrium parameter.

12. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The determination of the adaptation equalization parameters based on the impedance change includes: Obtain the mapping coefficient; wherein the mapping coefficient reflects the relationship between the impedance change and the equalization parameter change, and the equalization parameter change is the difference between the target equalization parameter and the current equalization parameter of the transmitter and the receiver; Based on the mapping coefficient, the impedance change and the current equalization parameters are processed to determine the adaptive equalization parameters.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, Before obtaining the mapping coefficients, the method further includes: Obtain data pairs of the impedance change and the corresponding equalization parameter change at different temperatures; The data pairs are fitted to determine the mapping coefficients.

14. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the impedance change based on the reference impedance and the current impedance includes: The impedance change is determined by performing a difference calculation between the reference impedance and the current impedance.

15. A signal conditioning system for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift, characterized in that, The adjustment system includes: a transmitter, a receiver, a reference impedance trace, a signal trace, a decision module, and an equalization parameter adjustment module. The transmitter forms a signal transmission link with the receiver through the signal trace; The reference impedance trace is used to provide feedback on the impedance changes of the signal trace; The signal traces are used to transmit signal data; The decision module, connected to the equalization parameter adjustment module, is used to acquire the reference impedance and current impedance of the reference impedance trace; wherein, the reference impedance is the impedance value of the reference impedance trace when there is no temperature change at a reference temperature, and the current impedance is the actual impedance value of the reference impedance trace after temperature-induced impedance drift due to the difference between the current temperature and the reference temperature; based on the reference impedance and the current impedance, the impedance change is determined; based on the impedance change, a target equalization parameter is determined and sent to the equalization parameter adjustment module; wherein, the target equalization parameter is used to adjust the waveform of the signal transmitted by the transmitter and the receiver through the signal trace; The equalization parameter adjustment module converts the target equalization parameters sent by the decision module into instructions that can be recognized by the transmitter and the receiver, and adjusts the equalization parameters of the transmitter and the receiver according to the instructions.

16. The regulating system according to claim 15, characterized in that, The control system also includes a temperature sensor and an impedance probe: The temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the signal trace; The impedance probe is connected to the reference impedance trace and is used to obtain the reference impedance and current impedance of the reference impedance trace.

17. The regulating system according to claim 15, characterized in that, The spacing design rules for the reference impedance trace and the signal trace are the same.

18. An electronic device, characterized in that, include: Memory, used to store computer programs; A processor, used to execute a computer program to implement the steps of the method for adjusting a signal for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14.

19. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, A computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, wherein when executed by a processor, the computer program implements the steps of the method for adjusting a signal for compensating for temperature-dependent impedance drift as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 14.

20. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When a computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of a method for adjusting a signal using an interface as described in any one of claims 1 to 14 to compensate for temperature-dependent impedance drift.

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