A neurosurgical drill and method of use

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, and discloses a neurosurgical drilling device and a use method thereof, which comprises a fixing rod, a drilling device, a supporting ring and a rotating rod. The length of the drilling device can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the adjusting mechanism on the guide structure, and the length scale of the drilling device is displayed on the guide structure. When the drilling rod drives the drill bit to rotate and drill to a certain depth, the adjusting mechanism will block it, so that the blocking position of the adjusting mechanism on the drilling rod is adjusted again, so that the drilling rod can rotate and drill a certain distance again. The length of the drilling rod can be slowly adjusted by the surgical staff, the drill bit can be drilled into the head in turn, the damage to the skull of the head caused by the excessive force of one-time drilling of the drilling rod can be avoided, the accurate drilling depth can be adjusted according to the drilling depth, and the annular contact head is formed by the abutting plate to increase the abutting area of the head, so that the head is not easy to move and is stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical device technology, specifically a neurosurgical skull drill and its method of use. Background Technology

[0002] Neurosurgical skull drills are commonly used in medical surgeries to stabilize the skull while simultaneously opening a portion of it for drilling. Typically, the skull at the drill site is cut using a rotary drill. After neurosurgery, the drilled skull needs to be reinserted and secured with screws. In special cases, it may not be necessary to close the hole in the skull, but the skull at the drill site must be reinserted to prevent severe damage during the drilling process.

[0003] However, because the skull bone drilled under the rotary drill needs to be reinserted into the drilled hole for fixation in the later stages of surgery, and the rotary drill is usually rotated by a drill motor at the beginning of drilling, which causes a certain impact on the skull bone during the drilling process, and the skull is drilled manually by turning it after the drilling reaches a certain depth, both of these drilling methods are prone to exceeding the precise drilling value during the drilling process, which can easily lead to inaccurate drilling depth and affect the precision requirements of the drilling depth in the surgery. This can cause excessive drilling depth in one go, which can impact and damage the dura mater and brain tissue under the skull bone. In addition, when fixing the head with the drill, a triangular fixation is used, which results in a small contact area with the head. Since the skin tissue on the head is elastic and can move easily, the stability of the fixation is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a neurosurgical skull drill and its method of use, which overcomes the shortcomings described in the background art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] A neurosurgical skull drill includes a fixed rod, a drill bit, a support ring, and a rotating rod. The upper end of the fixed rod is connected to the outside of the support ring via the rotating rod. The rotating rod is symmetrically distributed on the outside of the support ring. The support ring and the drill bit are located on the same central axis.

[0007] The drill is provided with a telescopic mechanism, a drilling mechanism and a contact plate. The telescopic mechanism and the drilling mechanism are arranged around the same central axis. The telescopic mechanism and the contact plate form a ring. The telescopic mechanism is connected to the support ring to support the contraction and expansion of the ring.

[0008] The drilling mechanism includes a drill rod, a drill bit, a guide structure, an adjustment mechanism, and a track tube. The drill rod passes through the track tube and the interior of the guide structure. The adjustment mechanism is located in a spiral position outside the guide structure, which blocks the movement of the drill rod inside the guide structure. The drill rod drives the drill bit at its outer end to rotate and drill a hole. The guide structure is fixed inside the contact plate, while the track tube is fixed inside the support ring. When the contact plate expands outward, the track tube and the guide structure slide together.

[0009] Furthermore, the adjustment mechanism includes an outer ring, a stop bar, a spiral head, an inner ring, and balls. The outer ring is located at the upper end of the spiral head. The outer ring and the inner ring are located on the same central axis and rotate through the balls. The stop bar is distributed in a ring on the inner side of the inner ring. The spiral head moves spirally on the outer side of the guide structure and causes the stop bar to block the drill rod.

[0010] Furthermore, the guiding structure is provided with a guiding tube and hollow grooves. There are four hollow grooves, which are arranged in a ring inside the guiding tube. When the spiral head moves spirally outside the guiding tube, the outer ring and the inner ring rotate as bearings, and the blocking strip is fixed laterally inside the hollow groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism includes a spring, a force-bearing rod, an arc-shaped plate, and a rotating head. The arc-shaped plate is symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the force-bearing rod, and the force-bearing rod slides within the corresponding contact plate. The spring connects the contact plate and the force-bearing rod. The rotating head is located at the outer end of the force-bearing rod and performs a spiral movement within the corresponding support ring. When the force-bearing rod moves outward, it elastically presses against the contact plate through the spring, causing the arc-shaped plate to slide within the contact plate, resulting in the contact plate being in a ring shape and the force-bearing rod expanding outward.

[0012] A method for using a neurosurgical craniotomy drill, based on the aforementioned neurosurgical craniotomy drill, includes the following specific steps:

[0013] S1: Place the head in the middle of the contact plate ring, then rotate the head to make it rotate within the support ring, and drive the force rod to press outward or inward. At this time, the force rod drives the arc plate to slide within the contact plate under the elasticity of the spring, causing the size of the contact plate ring to contract or expand, thereby bringing the head in the middle of the contact plate closer to the contact plate.

[0014] S2: According to the drilling depth of the drill rod, manually rotate the adjustment mechanism to make the auger head rotate and move on the surface of the hollow groove. At this time, the outer ring moves on the outside of the inner ring through the ball bearing, thereby driving the stop bar to pass through the hollow groove and block the drill rod.

[0015] S3: The length from the position where the drill rod is blocked by the adjustment mechanism to the outermost end of the drill bit, minus the length from the contact plate to the position where the drill rod is blocked by the adjustment mechanism, is the drilling depth of the drill bit. Thus, by rotating the adjustment mechanism, the drill bit at the outer end of the drill rod can be slowly rotated to drill into the skull.

[0016] S4: When the force-bearing rod moves, the contraction or expansion of the contact plate will drive the guide structure to move, so that the track tube and the guide structure slide and expand. The track tube is fixed on the support ring to support the guide structure to move, so that the telescopic mechanism contracts and expands along the central axis.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, this technical solution has the following advantages:

[0018] The length of the drill bit inserted into the head can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the adjustment mechanism on the guide structure. The length of the drill bit inserted into the head is then displayed on the guide structure. When the drill rod drives the drill bit to rotate and drill to a certain depth, it will be blocked by the adjustment mechanism. The position of the adjustment mechanism blocking the drill rod can then be adjusted again, allowing the drill rod to rotate and drill a certain distance. This allows the surgeon to slowly adjust the length of the drill bit according to the drilling depth, so that the drill bit can be inserted into the head in sequence. This avoids excessive force from drilling the drill rod at once, which could cause damage to the skull. It also allows for precise adjustment of the drilling depth according to the depth of the hole.

[0019] In this invention, the head is fixed by the expansion and contraction of the contact plate. The arc plate and spring have a certain elastic bending effect. When the head is irregularly round, the contact plate can deform to a certain extent through the elastic support of the arc plate and spring. At this time, the rotational support force of each rotating head on the force rod is different. As a result, the contact plate takes the form of an irregular circle under the action of the arc plate, so that the contact plate can contact the irregular head. This avoids the contact plate not being able to contact the head due to the irregularity of some parts of the head, which would cause the head to be unstable. Furthermore, the contact plate forms a ring contact with the head, increasing the contact area with the head and preventing the head from being easily moved and unstable. Attached Figure Description

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Figure 1 This is an overall diagram of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a plan view of a drilling tool.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a plan view of the drilling mechanism.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism.

[0025] Figure 5A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the guiding structure.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the telescopic mechanism.

[0027] In the diagram: Fixed rod-1, Drilling tool-2, Support ring-3, Rotating rod-4, Telescopic mechanism-21, Drilling mechanism-22, Contact plate-23, Drill rod-221, Drill bit-222, Guide structure-223, Adjustment mechanism-224, Track tube-225, Outer ring-31, Stop bar-32, Spiral head-33, Inner ring-34, Ball bearing-35, Guide tube-51, Hollow groove-52, Spring-41, Force rod-42, Arc plate-43, Rotating head-44. Detailed Implementation

[0028] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention proposes a neurosurgical skull drill, including a fixing rod 1, a drill 2, a support ring 3 and a rotating rod 4. The upper end of the fixing rod 1 is connected to the outside of the support ring 3 through the rotating rod 4. The rotating rod 4 is symmetrically distributed on the outside of the support ring 3. The support ring 3 and the drill 2 are located on the same central axis.

[0029] The drill 2 is provided with a telescopic mechanism 21, a drilling mechanism 22 and a contact plate 23. The telescopic mechanism 21 and the drilling mechanism 22 are arranged around the same central axis. The telescopic mechanism 21 and the contact plate 23 form a ring. The telescopic mechanism 21 is connected to the support ring 3 to support the contraction and expansion of the ring.

[0030] The drilling mechanism 22 includes a drill rod 221, a drill bit 222, a guide structure 223, an adjustment mechanism 224, and a track tube 225. The drill rod 221 passes through the track tube 225 and the interior of the guide structure 223. The adjustment mechanism 224 is in a spiral position outside the guide structure 223, so that the adjustment mechanism 224 blocks the movement of the drill rod 221 inside the guide structure 223. The drill rod 221 drives the drill bit 222 at its outer end to rotate and drill a hole. The guide structure 223 is fixed inside the contact plate 23, while the track tube 225 is fixed inside the support ring 3. When the contact plate 23 expands outward, the track tube 225 and the guide structure 223 slide together.

[0031] Furthermore, after the head is fixed in the position of the drill bit 2, the rotating rod 4 can drive the support ring 3 to rotate, and the rotating rod 4 can be locked by the externally set sheath after rotation, providing a more comfortable fixing angle according to the tilt angle of the head.

[0032] Furthermore, there are eight telescopic mechanisms 21 and eight drilling mechanisms 22. After the head is placed inside the contact plate 23, the telescopic mechanism 21 contracts and expands the contact plate 23, thereby drilling holes in the fixed head through the drilling mechanism 22.

[0033] Furthermore, this invention features three distance lengths: the distance from the position where the drill rod 221 is blocked by the adjusting mechanism 224 to the outer end of the drill bit 222; the distance from the position where the adjusting mechanism 224 blocks the drill rod 221 to the inner side of the contact plate 23; and the difference between these two lengths yields the length of the drill bit 222 that penetrates the head. This length can be adjusted by changing the position of the adjusting mechanism 224 on the guide structure 223, and the length of the drill bit is then displayed on the guide structure 223. When the drill rod 221 drives the drill bit 222 to rotate and drill to a certain depth, it will be blocked by the adjusting mechanism 224. This allows the adjusting mechanism 224 to adjust its blocking position on the drill rod 221 again, enabling the drill rod 221 to rotate and drill a certain distance again. This allows the surgeon to slowly adjust the drilling depth according to the drilling depth, allowing the drill bit 222 to advance into the head sequentially. This avoids excessive force from the drill rod 221 drilling into the head at once, which could cause damage to the skull, dura mater, and brain tissue. It also allows for precise adjustment of the drilling depth based on the drilling depth.

[0034] It is necessary to explain that the drilling depth needs to be combined with the thickness of the skull. The drilling depth cannot exceed the thickness of the skull. The skull thickness needs to be measured in advance by preoperative CT, and the drilling should be carried out according to the thickness of the skull at the drilling location.

[0035] Furthermore, the drill bit 222 has a hollow structure in the middle, and the drill bit 222 drills holes along its outer edge. The inner side of the drill bit 222 has an inverted "V" shaped structure. The skull that is drilled will enter the "V" shaped structure of the drill bit 222 and get stuck due to the inertia of the drilling force, thus preventing the skull from falling into the head because it is smaller than the hole.

[0036] The adjusting mechanism 224 includes an outer ring 31, a stop bar 32, a spiral head 33, an inner ring 34, and balls 35. The outer ring 31 is located on the upper end of the spiral head 33. The outer ring 31 and the inner ring 34 are located on the same central axis and rotate through the balls 35. The stop bar 32 is distributed in a ring inside the inner ring 34. The spiral head 33 moves spirally outside the guide structure 223 and causes the stop bar 32 to block the drill rod 221.

[0037] The guide structure 223 is provided with a guide tube 51 and a hollow groove 52. There are four hollow grooves 52, which are distributed in a ring inside the guide tube 51. When the spiral head 33 moves spirally outside the guide tube 51, the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 34 rotate as bearings, and the blocking strip 32 is fixed laterally inside the hollow groove 52.

[0038] Furthermore, the drill rod 221 has a convex structure. The turning point of the convex structure is abutted by the position of the stop bar 32 inside the adjustment mechanism 224, preventing the drill rod 221 from drilling in again. The auger head 33 moves in a spiral motion on the outside of the guide structure 223. At this time, the outer ring 31 rotates on the bearing outside the inner ring 34 through the ball 35. The inner ring 34 is fixed relative to the outer ring 31. After the auger head 33 rotates, it will move horizontally, causing the stop bar 32 to move in the hollow groove 52 position, thus adjusting the blocking position of the drill rod 221.

[0039] The telescopic mechanism 21 includes a spring 41, a force-bearing rod 42, an arc-shaped plate 43, and a rotating head 44. The arc-shaped plate 43 is symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the force-bearing rod 42, and the force-bearing rod 42 slides within the contact plate 23. The spring 41 connects the contact plate 23 and the force-bearing rod 42. The rotating head 44 is located at the outer end of the force-bearing rod 42 and performs a spiral movement within the support ring 3. When the force-bearing rod 42 moves outward, it elastically presses against the contact plate 23 through the spring 41, causing the arc-shaped plate 43 to slide within the contact plate 23, resulting in the contact plate 23 being in a ring state and the force-bearing rod 42 expanding outward.

[0040] Furthermore, four springs 41 are provided, symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides of the force-bearing rod 42. The elastic stabilizing arc plate 43 of the springs 41 slides within the contact plate 23, providing a certain supporting force for the expansion and contraction of the contact plate 23. The rotating head 44 is rotated by a wrench, which drives the force-bearing rod 42 to move towards the central axis of the support ring 3. After the multiple rotating heads 44 rotate synchronously on the outside of the annular contact plate 23, the arc plate 43 slides within the contact plate 23. Thus, the contact plate 23 contracts and expands while maintaining its central axis, providing movement space and stability for the fixation of the head.

[0041] Furthermore, when the rotating head 44 rotates and the contact plate 23 expands and contracts, the guide structure 223 slides along the track tube 225 to provide a certain space for the contraction and expansion of the contact plate 23. In addition, the force-bearing rod 42 is made of aluminum alloy and has a certain elastic bending effect.

[0042] Furthermore, in this invention, the head is fixed by the expansion and contraction of the contact plate 23, while the arc plate 43 and the spring 41 have a certain elastic bending effect. When the head is irregularly round, the contact plate 23 can deform to a certain extent through the elastic support of the arc plate 43 and the spring 41. At this time, the rotational support force of each rotating head 44 on the force rod 42 is different. As a result, the contact plate 23 presents an irregularly round shape under the action of the arc plate 43, so that the contact plate 23 can contact the irregular head. This avoids the contact plate 23 not being able to contact the head due to the irregularity of some heads, which would cause the head to be unstable. In addition, the contact plate 23 forms a ring contact with the head, increasing the contact area with the head and preventing the head from being easily unstable.

[0043] A method for using a neurosurgical craniotomy drill, based on the aforementioned neurosurgical craniotomy drill, includes the following specific steps:

[0044] S1: The head is placed in the middle of the ring of the contact plate 23, and then the rotating head 44 is rotated to rotate within the support ring 3, and the force rod 42 is pushed outward or inward. At this time, the force rod 42, under the elasticity of the spring 41, drives the arc plate 43 to slide within the contact plate 23, causing the ring size of the contact plate 23 to contract or expand, thereby bringing the head in the middle of the contact plate 23 closer to the contact plate 23.

[0045] S2: According to the drilling depth of drill rod 221, manually rotate adjustment mechanism 224 to make spiral head 33 rotate and move on the surface of hollow groove 52. At this time, outer ring 31 moves outside inner ring 34 through ball 35 bearing, thereby driving the stop bar 32 to pass through the hollow groove 52 and block drill rod 221.

[0046] S3: The length from the position where the drill rod 221 is blocked by the adjustment mechanism 224 to the outermost end of the drill bit 222, minus the length from the position where the contact plate 23 blocks the drill rod 221 by the adjustment mechanism 224, is the drilling depth of the drill bit 222. Thus, by rotating the adjustment mechanism 224, the drill bit 222 at the outer end of the drill rod 221 rotates slowly and progressively when drilling into the skull.

[0047] S4: When the force rod 42 moves, the contraction or expansion of the contact plate 23 will drive the guide structure 223 to move, so that the track tube 225 and the guide structure 223 slide and expand. The track tube 225 is fixed on the support ring 3 to support the guide structure 223 to move, so that the telescopic mechanism 21 contracts and expands along the central axis.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of the patent and the contents of the specification should still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A neurosurgical drill craniopunch, characterized by: The utility model relates to a fixed rod, drill, support ring and rotating rod, the fixed rod upper end is connected through rotating rod support ring outside, the rotating rod symmetry distributes in support ring outside, support ring and drill are located same center axis, The drill is equipped with telescopic mechanism, drilling mechanism and contact plate, telescopic mechanism and drilling mechanism are located same center axis and surround distribution, telescopic mechanism and contact plate form annular state, and telescopic mechanism is connected in support ring position support annular state contraction and expansion, The drilling mechanism is equipped with drill rod, drill bit, guide structure, adjusting mechanism and track pipe, the drill rod passes through track pipe and guide structure inside, is spirally active in the position of guide structure outside through adjusting mechanism, makes adjusting mechanism in guide structure inside block the drill rod activity, the drill rod drives the rotation of drill bit of outer end and drills, the guide structure is fixed in contact plate inside, and track pipe is fixed in support ring inside, when contact plate expands outward, track pipe and guide structure between sliding fit, The adjusting mechanism is equipped with outer ring, blocking strip, screw head, inner ring and ball, the outer ring sets up screw head upper end, the outer ring and inner ring are located same center axis, and the outer ring and inner ring are bearing rotation through ball, the blocking strip is annular distribution in the inner ring inside, the screw head is spirally active in the guide structure outside, and makes the blocking strip block the drill rod, The guide structure is equipped with guide pipe and hollow groove, the hollow groove is equipped with four, is annular distribution in guide pipe inside, when screw head is spirally active in guide pipe outside, the outer ring and inner ring are bearing rotation, and make the blocking strip be fixed in the hollow groove in transverse, The telescopic mechanism is equipped with spring, stress rod, arc plate and rotating head, the arc plate symmetry distribution is in stress rod left and right sides, and stress rod corresponds contact plate inner sliding fit, the spring connects contact plate and stress rod, the rotating head is in stress rod outer end, the rotating head corresponds support ring inside and carries out spiral activity, stress rod is outwardly translated, through the spring elasticity and presses contact plate, and makes the arc plate slide in contact plate, so that contact plate is annular state stress rod expands outward.

2. A method of using a neurosurgical drill according to claim 1, wherein: The specific use method steps are as follows: S1: head is placed in the annular middle of contact plate, then screw rotating head, make rotating head rotate in support ring and drive stress rod to extrude outward or inward, at this time, stress rod drives arc plate to slide in contact plate under the elasticity of spring, make the size of annular contact plate shrink or expand, thereby close to the head in contact plate middle and press against each other; S2: according to the drilling depth of drill rod, manually rotate adjusting mechanism, make screw head rotate and move on the surface of hollow groove, at this time, the outer ring is bearing activity in the outer ring of inner ring through ball, thereby drive blocking strip to pass from hollow groove position and block the drill rod; S3: the length of drill bit's outermost end of drill rod is blocked by adjusting mechanism, subtract the length from contact plate to the position of adjusting mechanism blocking drill rod, then it is the depth of drill bit drilling, thereby through rotating adjusting mechanism, slowly and gradually rotate when drill bit of drill rod outer end drills the head of skull, S4: When the force bar is active, the contraction or expansion of the abutment plate will drive the guide structure to move, so that the track tube and the guide structure slide and expand, and the track tube is fixed on the support ring to support the guide structure to move, so that the expansion mechanism contracts and expands along the central axis.

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