High efficiency cyclone separator for liquid-carrying high-pressure hydrogen purification

Abstract

The application relates to the field of high-pressure hydrogen purification, in particular to a high-efficiency cyclone separator for liquid-carrying high-pressure hydrogen purification, which comprises a cylindrical cylinder body, a liquid discharge port coaxially arranged at the bottom of the cylinder body, an exhaust pipe coaxially arranged at the top of the cylinder body, and a gas inlet pipe tangentially communicated with the cylinder cavity along the cylinder body; at least two layers of filter screens are coaxially arranged at the inner bottom of the cylinder body outside the outer circle of the liquid discharge port; the heights of the liquid discharge port and the filter screens are in an arithmetic progression from inside to outside; the spacing between the filter screen in the innermost layer and the liquid discharge port and the spacing between adjacent filter screens are equal. The cyclone separator type layout is formed, and when the high-efficiency cyclone separator is applied to hydrogen separation with high liquid content, the separation efficiency of hydrogen with high liquid content is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-pressure hydrogen purification, specifically a high-efficiency cyclone separator for high-pressure hydrogen purification with liquid. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the hydrogen energy industry, hydrogen refueling stations, as the core infrastructure for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, are facing increasingly stringent requirements for hydrogen purity. High-pressure hydrogen (typically 35-70 MPa) may carry liquid impurities such as lubricating oil during compression, storage, and refueling. These impurities directly affect the catalytic efficiency of fuel cells and can even lead to stack corrosion or blockage of the gas diffusion layer. Therefore, gas-liquid separators have become a key component of the hydrogen purification system at hydrogen refueling stations.

[0003] Currently, conventional hydrogen purification methods at hydrogen refueling stations efficiently remove liquid impurities from hydrogen through coalescence separation using filter cartridges, ensuring the purity of the output hydrogen meets fuel cell standards. However, for hydrogen with high liquid content, coalescence separation purification methods suffer from problems such as excessive flow resistance and filter cartridge damage due to liquid slugging. Existing conventional cyclone separators, due to the extremely low density of hydrogen and insufficient gas-liquid density difference, result in insufficient centrifugal force. The high-speed rotating airflow may re-entrain the separated liquid into the gas phase, leading to extremely low separation efficiency. Therefore, these methods are urgently needed to address the issue of high liquid content hydrogen. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To avoid and overcome the technical problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a high-efficiency cyclone separator for high-pressure hydrogen purification with liquid content. This invention features a cyclone separator-like layout, which significantly improves the separation efficiency of hydrogen with high liquid content when applied to the separation of such gases.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A high-efficiency cyclone separator for high-pressure hydrogen purification with liquid includes a cylindrical body. A drain port is coaxially arranged at the bottom of the body, and an exhaust pipe is coaxially arranged at the top of the body. An inlet pipe is tangentially connected to the cavity of the body. At least two layers of filter screens are coaxially arranged at the bottom of the body outside the drain port. From the inside to the outside, the height of the drain port and each filter screen increases in an equal and arithmetic manner. The distance between the innermost filter screen and the drain port and the distance between adjacent filter screens are equal.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: the angle between the line connecting the tops of each filter screen and the axis of the cylinder is taken as...

[0008]

[0009] in, The density of the gas medium inside the cylinder;

[0010] The gas dynamic viscosity;

[0011] The density of the droplets;

[0012] The surface tension coefficient of the droplet;

[0013] This represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the separator inlet.

[0014] This represents the volumetric flow rate of the gas in the cylinder.

[0015] D 0 The inner diameter of the cylinder;

[0016] D 2 The diameter of the exhaust pipe.

[0017] As a further aspect of the invention: the line connecting the tops of each filter screen intersects the inner wall of the cylinder, and the height difference between the intersection point and the innermost filter screen is... h c

[0018]

[0019] As a further aspect of the present invention: from the inside out, the pore size of each filter screen gradually increases.

[0020] As a further aspect of the present invention: from the inside out, the pore size of each filter screen increases arithmetically.

[0021] As a further aspect of the present invention, a guide vane is provided inside the air inlet pipe so that the gas enters the cylinder at a tangential angle of 30 degrees.

[0022] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a metal wire mesh or a ceramic fiber filter screen.

[0023] As a further embodiment of the present invention, metal wire mesh and ceramic fiber filter mesh are arranged alternately from the inside out.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] 1. In this invention, after the hydrogen enters the cylinder through the inlet pipe, a rotating airflow is formed in the upper part of the cylinder. This generates centrifugal force, which initially separates the liquid droplets carried in the gas. The separated droplets flow down the wall to the drain pipe. Since there is a filter screen separating the wall and the rotating airflow, the droplets on the wall are prevented from returning to the airflow. When the airflow descends to the filter screen, it is filtered by the filter screen, and the residual liquid droplets in the airflow are separated a second time. Finally, the purified gas is discharged from the exhaust pipe. The filter screens are arranged at equal intervals and the height gradient increases to form a cyclone separator-like layout. When applied to the separation of hydrogen with high liquid content, the separation efficiency is extremely high.

[0026] 2. This invention significantly enhances the centrifugal force and inertial collision effect by using a multi-layered, arithmetically increasing filter screen in conjunction with a tangential air inlet pipe to form a swirling flow field. This allows droplets in high-pressure hydrogen to be captured step by step under the gradient interception of the multi-layered filter screen. The arrangement angle of the filter screen is dynamically adjusted based on changes in operating conditions to ensure that the separator always maintains the best separation effect and maximizes the separation efficiency.

[0027] 3. This invention employs a filter screen with progressively increasing pore size from the inside out, combined with an alternating layout of metal wire mesh and ceramic fiber. This ensures both the fine inner layer for capturing small droplets and the outer layer's large pore structure to reduce pressure drop, resulting in an overall reduction in pressure drop. The proportional design of the filter screen height difference and spacing creates a spiral upward airflow channel, allowing the separated liquid to be quickly guided to the drain port, preventing filter screen blockage caused by bottom liquid accumulation and extending the maintenance cycle. The alternating arrangement of metal and ceramic fiber filter screens combines mechanical strength and corrosion resistance, expanding the range of applications. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the filter arrangement in this invention.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a simulation diagram of the gas-liquid separation process in a traditional cyclone separator.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a simulation diagram of the gas-liquid separation process of the cyclone separator of the present invention.

[0032] In the picture:

[0033] 1. Cylinder body; 11. Drain outlet; 12. Exhaust pipe; 13. Inlet pipe; 2. Filter screen. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Please see Figures 1-2 In this embodiment of the invention, a high-efficiency cyclone separator for high-pressure hydrogen purification with liquid includes a cylindrical body 1, an air inlet pipe 13 is provided on the body 1, and guide vanes are provided inside the air inlet pipe 13 so that the gas enters the cavity of the body 1 at a tangential angle of 30 degrees to form a rotating airflow.

[0036] The drain port 11 is coaxially arranged at the bottom of the cylinder 1, the exhaust pipe 12 is coaxially arranged at the top of the cylinder 1, and the height of the air inlet pipe 13 is higher than the inlet height of the exhaust pipe 12.

[0037] Multiple sets of filter screens 2 are installed on the bottom surface of the cylinder 1. Each filter screen 2 is arranged coaxially with the exhaust pipe 12. The bottom surface of each filter screen 2 is flush with the cylinder. From the inside to the outside, the height of each filter screen 2 increases in an equal manner, and the spacing between adjacent filter screens 2 is equal.

[0038] The filter screen 2 includes a metal wire mesh and a ceramic fiber filter screen. In this embodiment, the metal wire mesh and the ceramic fiber filter screen are arranged alternately, with the pore size of the filter screen increasing arithmetically from the inside out. In a specific embodiment, the filter screen 2 has three layers: the innermost filter screen 2 has a pore size of 1mm and is made of metal wire mesh; the middle layer filter screen 2 has a pore size of 2mm and is made of ceramic fiber filter screen; and the outermost filter screen 2 has a pore size of 3mm and is made of metal wire mesh.

[0039] The angle between the line connecting the tops of each filter screen 2 and the axis of the cylinder 1 is taken as...

[0040]

[0041] in, The density of the gas medium in cylinder 1;

[0042] The gas dynamic viscosity in cylinder 1;

[0043] The density of the droplets in cylinder 1;

[0044] is the surface tension coefficient of the droplet in cylinder 1;

[0045] The cross-sectional area of ​​the separator intake pipe 13;

[0046] The volumetric flow rate of the gas in cylinder 1;

[0047] D 0 The inner diameter of cylinder 1;

[0048] D 2 The diameter of exhaust pipe 12.

[0049] The line connecting the tops of each filter screen 2 intersects the inner wall of the cylinder 1, and the height difference between the intersection point and the innermost filter screen 2 is... h c

[0050]

[0051] During the experimental verification, the hydrogen flow rate was 70 L / min, the hydrogen pressure was 90 MPa, and the gas density was 43 kg / m³. 3 The dynamic viscosity is The density of the liquid it carries is 1520 kg / m³ 3 The surface tension coefficient is The liquid carrying volume percentage is 10%. According to calculations, the optimal angle between the line connecting the tops of each filter screen 2 and the axis of the cylinder 1 is... The angle is 7.0°. The separation effect after flow field simulation analysis is shown in Table 1 below:

[0052] Table 1

[0053]

[0054] The traditional cyclone separator in the table above This application indicates the taper of the bottom of its cylinder. This indicates the angle between the line connecting the top of filter screen 2 and the axis of cylinder 1. Under otherwise identical operating conditions, the separation efficiency of the 7.0° tapered cyclone separator and the filter screen layout with a 7.0° angle difference in this application is significantly different. The separation efficiency of the traditional cyclone separator is only 77%, while the optimal arrangement angle calculated in this application achieves a separation efficiency of 99.2%. Even without using the optimal arrangement angle, under otherwise identical conditions, comparing products 2 and 5 individually, and products 3 and 6 individually in Table 1, shows the same... Under these conditions, the separation efficiency of this application is higher than that of traditional cyclone separators.

[0055] like Figure 3 The image shown is a simulation diagram of the gas-liquid separation process in a traditional cyclone separator. Figure 4This is a simulation diagram of the gas-liquid separation process of this application. The distribution of liquid and gas is analyzed, where blue represents the entirely gaseous portion, red represents the entirely liquid portion, and the transition color between blue and red represents the gas-liquid mixed portion. By comparison, it can be found that in traditional cyclone separators, a considerable portion of liquid is discharged along with the gas, resulting in unsatisfactory separation. This application, however, avoids the separated liquid being re-entrained into the gas flow, effectively preventing gas from carrying liquid out and significantly improving separation efficiency.

[0056] The basic principles of this application have been described above with reference to specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, and effects mentioned in this application are merely examples and not limitations, and should not be considered as essential features of each embodiment of this application. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed above are for illustrative and facilitative purposes only, and are not limitations. These details do not limit the application to the necessity of employing the aforementioned specific details for implementation.

[0057] The block diagrams of devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems involved in this application are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, or configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As those skilled in the art will recognize, these devices, apparatuses, devices, and systems can be connected, arranged, and configured in any manner. Words such as “comprising,” “including,” “having,” etc., are open-ended terms meaning “including but not limited to,” and are used interchangeably with them. The terms “or” and “and” as used herein refer to the terms “and / or,” and are used interchangeably with them unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term “such as” as used herein refers to the phrase “such as but not limited to,” and is used interchangeably with it.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency cyclone separator for high-pressure hydrogen purification with liquid transport, characterized in that, The cylinder includes a cylindrical body (1), with a drain port (11) coaxially arranged at the bottom of the body (1) and an exhaust pipe (12) coaxially arranged at the top of the body (1). An air inlet pipe (13) is connected to the cylinder cavity tangentially along the body (1). At least two layers of filter screens (2) are arranged coaxially around the drain port (11) at the bottom of the body (1). From the inside to the outside, the height of the drain port (11) and each filter screen (2) increases in an equal and arithmetic manner. The distance between the innermost filter screen (2) and the drain port (11) and the distance between adjacent filter screens (2) are equal. The angle between the line connecting the tops of each filter screen (2) and the axis of the cylinder (1) is taken as... in, The density of the gas medium in cylinder (1); The gas dynamic viscosity in cylinder (1); The density of the droplets in the cylinder (1); is the surface tension coefficient of the droplet in the cylinder (1); The cross-sectional area of ​​the intake pipe (13); The volumetric flow rate of the gas in cylinder (1); D 0 The inner diameter of the cylinder (1); D 2 The diameter of the exhaust pipe (12) is given.

2. The high-efficiency cyclone separator for high-pressure hydrogen purification with liquid transport, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that, The line connecting the tops of each filter screen (2) intersects the inner wall of the cylinder (1), and the height difference between the intersection point and the innermost filter screen (2) is... h c 。 3. A high-efficiency cyclone separator for high-pressure hydrogen purification with liquid transport, as described in any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, From the inside out, the pore size of each filter screen (2) gradually increases.

4. A high-efficiency cyclone separator for high-pressure hydrogen purification with liquid transport, as described in claim 3, is characterized in that, From the inside out, the pore size of each filter screen (2) increases arithmetically.

5. A high-efficiency cyclone separator for high-pressure hydrogen purification with liquid transport, according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The intake pipe (13) is equipped with guide vanes so that the gas enters the cylinder (1) at a tangential angle of 30 degrees.

6. A high-efficiency cyclone separator for high-pressure hydrogen purification with liquid transport, according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The filter screen (2) includes metal wire mesh and ceramic fiber filter screen.

7. A high-efficiency cyclone separator for high-pressure hydrogen purification with liquid transport, as described in claim 6, is characterized in that, From the inside out, metal wire mesh and ceramic fiber filter mesh are arranged alternately.

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