Milling and boring machine with compensation mechanism for constant-pressure hydrostatic guideway
By introducing constant pressure hydrostatic guideways and compensation mechanisms into the milling and boring machine, the tilting problem caused by changes in the column's center of gravity was solved, enabling high-precision boring and milling operations, extending the equipment's service life, and simplifying maintenance.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511343176.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-19
- Publication Date
- 2025-12-02
AI Technical Summary
The column of an existing milling and boring machine tilts or wobbles when moving along the X-axis due to changes in the center of gravity, which affects the positional accuracy of boring and milling workpieces.
The constant pressure hydrostatic guide rail with compensation mechanism includes a counterweight and a pull rope system. The counterweight and spindle box work together to keep the column's center of gravity stable. The pressure rod and cleaning cylinder keep the pull rope clean. The hydraulic cylinder and accessories compensate for the oil chamber to balance the ram stress. A chip-blocking component is set to prevent debris from entering the connection.
It effectively prevents the column from tilting or swaying, maintains operational accuracy, extends the service life of the pull rope, prevents deformation of the ram and loss of transmission accuracy, and simplifies cleaning work.
Smart Images
Figure CN121042908A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of feed mechanism technology, and specifically to a milling and boring machine with a constant pressure hydrostatic guide rail and a compensation mechanism. Background Technology
[0002] Constant pressure hydrostatic guideways are a key component of the feed mechanism in machining equipment, widely used in high-precision machine tools. As a core functional module of the equipment, the feed mechanism bears the heavy responsibility of accurately transmitting the motion of the power source to the actuators. It needs to achieve stable linear or rotary motion, and its performance directly determines the machining accuracy and efficiency. This mechanism is usually composed of a servo drive unit, transmission components, and a guide support structure. Among them, the guideway, as the guiding core, plays a decisive role in the smoothness of motion and positioning accuracy. In milling and boring machine machining, the workpiece needs to withstand combined loads such as milling and boring, and the requirements for crawling phenomenon and linearity of motion trajectory during low-speed feed are stringent. Traditional sliding guideways have high frictional resistance, and rolling guideways have limited load-bearing capacity, making them unsuitable for heavy-duty high-precision machining scenarios. Constant pressure hydrostatic guideways, through an automatic oil chamber pressure adjustment mechanism, keep the guideway surface in pure liquid friction, combining the advantages of low friction coefficient and strong load adaptability. This effectively solves the guiding accuracy problem under heavy-duty working conditions of milling and boring machines, making it the preferred solution for high-end milling and boring machine feed systems.
[0003] However, the existing technology has the following problems: Existing floor-type milling and boring machines typically include a column, a spindle box, and a ram. The ram is mounted in the column via the spindle box. The column is responsible for the X-axis movement, the spindle box for the Y-axis movement, and the ram for the Z-axis movement. When the ram moves up and down, the center of gravity of the column changes continuously. This change in center of gravity can disrupt the column's original balance when it moves along the X-axis, causing it to tilt or wobble. This increases the perpendicularity error between the X-axis feed direction and the Y-axis, directly affecting the positional accuracy of boring and milling workpieces. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a milling and boring machine with a constant pressure hydrostatic guide rail and a compensation mechanism to solve the above-mentioned problems and overcome the defects of the prior art, as detailed below.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a milling and boring machine with a constant pressure hydrostatic guide rail and a compensation mechanism, comprising: a bed, on which a slide rail and a worktable are mounted; a slide block is slidably connected to the slide rail; a column is fixedly connected to the slide block; a spindle box is slidably connected to the inner wall of the column; a ram is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spindle box; a milling spindle is rotatably mounted on the ram; and a boring spindle is slidably connected to the inner wall of the milling spindle; a compensation component for compensating for the center of gravity when the column moves; and a chip-blocking component for blocking and collecting chips; the compensation component includes a counterweight block slidably connected inside the column; two pull ropes are fixedly connected between the counterweight block and the spindle box; two pairs of mounting brackets are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the column; rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the two pairs of mounting brackets; and two pulleys are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shafts.
[0006] Preferably, the two shafts are located above the counterweight and the main shaft box, respectively, with one of the pull ropes resting on two pulleys near the front of the column and the other pull rope resting on two pulleys near the rear of the column.
[0007] Preferably, a mounting rod is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket, an abutment rod is fixedly connected to the mounting rod, a set of pressure rods is hinged to the pulley, and the multiple pressure rods in the same set are arranged in a circumferential array. A return spring is provided at the hinge point between the pressure rod and the pulley. When the four sets of pressure rods move, they respectively contact the four abutment rods, and the pressure rods contact the pull rope when they move.
[0008] Preferably, two rotating seats are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the column, and two cleaning cylinders are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two rotating seats. The inner walls of the cleaning cylinders are provided with multiple bristles, and the two pull ropes pass through the two cleaning cylinders respectively.
[0009] Preferably, a gear is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cleaning cylinder, a slider is slidably connected to the inner wall of the column, a rack is fixedly connected to the slider, the rack meshes with two gears, a slanted wheel is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one of the rotating shafts, two protrusions are fixedly connected to the slider, and the slanted wheel is located between the two protrusions.
[0010] Preferably, two hydraulic cylinders are installed on the inner wall of the slide, and the output ends of the two hydraulic cylinders are respectively fixedly connected to pull rods, with the ends of the two pull rods away from the hydraulic cylinders being fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slide.
[0011] Preferably, an accessory compensation oil chamber is installed inside the connection between the spindle box and the slide, and the accessory compensation oil chamber is in contact with the bottom of the slide.
[0012] Preferably, the chip-blocking assembly includes an elastic plate, which is fixedly mounted on the slide block. The milling shaft passes through the elastic plate, and a collection box is fixedly mounted on the spindle box, which is located below the elastic plate.
[0013] Preferably, two abutment plates are fixedly installed on the side of the elastic plate near the spindle box, and two arc-shaped blocks are fixedly installed on the column. When the two abutment plates move, they respectively contact the two arc-shaped blocks. A row of vibrating plates is fixedly installed on the abutment plates, and a lever is fixedly installed on the arc-shaped blocks. When the two rows of vibrating plates move, they respectively contact the two levers.
[0014] The beneficial effects are: 1. This milling and boring machine with constant pressure hydrostatic guide rail and compensation mechanism, through the setting of the compensation component, enables the counterweight and spindle box to cooperate to maintain the overall center of gravity of the column relatively stable, avoiding tilting or swaying of the column due to the continuous change of the center of gravity during movement, thus affecting the working accuracy; through the setting of the pressure rod, when the pull rope drives the pulley to rotate, the contact part between the pull rope and the pulley can be pressed tightly onto the pulley by multiple pressure rods, preventing the pull rope from slipping on the pulley after long-term use, which would aggravate the wear of the pull rope and pulley and affect the service life; multiple bristles in the two cleaning cylinders can clean the surface of the two pull ropes, thereby maintaining the cleanliness of the pull rope surface and preventing the pull rope surface from being covered with oil, mud and dust after long-term use, which would cause slippage.
[0015] 2. This milling and boring machine with constant pressure hydrostatic guide rail and compensation mechanism uses two tie rods to allow two hydraulic cylinders to apply pressure or tension to the inner wall of the ram, thereby balancing the internal stress of the ram and achieving stress compensation. This prevents stress in the ram overhang from causing deformation at the ram end, which would affect the working accuracy. The accessory compensation oil chamber, after the accessory is installed, is controlled by a solenoid valve to increase the pressure in the oil chamber, causing the accessory compensation oil chamber to apply pressure to the bottom of the ram end, thus balancing the weight and additional torque of the accessory at the ram end.
[0016] 3. The milling and boring machine with constant pressure hydrostatic guide rail and compensation mechanism, through the setting of the chip-blocking component, enables the elastic plate to intercept splashing debris, preventing debris from entering the connection between the slide and the spindle box, thus avoiding damage to the internal structure of the connection between the slide and the spindle box and affecting the transmission accuracy; after the operation is completed, the elastic plate can also be bent and vibrated to shake off the debris attached to it, and the debris falls into the collection box for collection, avoiding the increase of cleaning work for operators due to the large amount of debris attached to the surface of the elastic plate after long-term use. Attached Figure Description
[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the column structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the spindle box structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the slide ram structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the compensation component structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure bar structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning cylinder structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the chip-blocking assembly structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic plate structure of the present invention.
[0019] The reference numerals in the attached drawings are explained as follows: 1. Bed; 2. Slide rail; 3. Slide seat; 4. Column; 5. Spindle box; 6. Ram; 61. Hydraulic cylinder; 62. Tie rod; 63. Accessory compensation oil chamber; 64. Milling spindle; 65. Boring spindle; 7. Compensation assembly; 71. Counterweight; 72. Mounting bracket; 73. Rotary shaft; 74. Pulley; 75. Pull rope; 76. Mounting rod; 77. Abutment rod; 78. Pressure rod; 79. Rotary seat; 710. Cleaning cylinder; 711. Gear; 712. Slider; 713. Rack; 714. Protrusion; 715. Slant wheel; 8. Chip guard assembly; 81. Elastic plate; 82. Collection box; 83. Abutment plate; 84. Arc block; 85. Vibrating plate; 86. Dial lever; 9. Worktable. Detailed Implementation
[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this invention, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.
[0021] Example 1 Please see Figure 1 - Figure 10 A milling and boring machine with a constant pressure hydrostatic guide rail and compensation mechanism includes: a bed 1, on which a slide rail 2 and a worktable 9 are mounted; the slide rail 2 is a constant pressure closed hydrostatic guide rail; a slide block 3 is slidably connected to the slide rail 2; a column 4 is fixedly connected to the slide block 3; a spindle box 5 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the column 4; a ram 6 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spindle box 5; constant pressure closed hydrostatic guide rails are provided at the connection between the column 4 and the spindle box 5, and at the connection between the spindle box 5 and the column 4; a milling spindle 64 is rotatably mounted on the ram 6; and a boring spindle 65 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the milling spindle 64. The closed hydrostatic guide rail has an extremely low coefficient of fluid friction, which can greatly reduce the driving power, achieving the effect of saving energy and reducing costs. A transmission component is set between the slide block 3 and the slide rail 2, a transmission component is set between the column 4 and the spindle box 5, and a transmission component is set between the slide block 6 and the spindle box 5. The column 4 can move left and right, the slide block 6 can move up and down, and the slide block 6 can move back and forth, thereby realizing the three-axis movement of the slide block 6 and the milling spindle 64 and the boring spindle 65 above it. The boring spindle 65 can extend and retract within the milling spindle 64, thereby performing boring and milling operations. Compensation component 7 is used for center of gravity compensation when the column 4 moves. Compensation component 7 includes a counterweight 71, which is slidably connected inside the column 4. Two pull ropes 75 are fixedly connected between the counterweight 71 and the spindle box 5. Two pairs of mounting brackets 72 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the column 4. Rotary shafts 73 are rotatably connected to each of the two pairs of mounting brackets 72. Two pulleys 74 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of each rotating shaft 73. The two rotating shafts 73 are located above the counterweight 71 and the spindle box 5, respectively. One of the pull ropes 75 rests near the front side of the column 4. On the two pulleys 74, another rope 75 is attached to the two pulleys 74 near the rear of the column 4. When the spindle box 5 moves upward, the spindle box 5 drives the counterweight 71 to move upward through the cooperation of the two ropes 75 and the four pulleys 74. When the spindle box 5 moves downward, the counterweight 71 moves downward by gravity, keeping the two ropes 75 taut. Through the cooperation of the counterweight 71 and the spindle box 5, the overall center of gravity of the column 4 can be kept relatively stable, avoiding the column 4 from tilting or swaying due to the continuous change of the center of gravity when moving, thus affecting the working accuracy.
[0022] Furthermore, a mounting rod 76 is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 72, and an abutment rod 77 is fixedly connected to the mounting rod 76. A set of pressure rods 78 are hinged to the pulley 74. The multiple pressure rods 78 in the same set are arranged in a circumferential array. A return spring is provided at the hinge point between the pressure rod 78 and the pulley 74. When the four sets of pressure rods 78 move, they respectively contact the four abutment rods 77. When the pressure rods 78 move, they contact the pull rope 75. When the pulley 74 rotates, it drives a set of pressure rods 78 to rotate. When the pressure rod 78 contacts the abutment rod 77, the pressure rod 78 is subjected to the reaction force of the abutment rod 77. The push force causes the lever 78 to swing towards the pull rope 75. After swinging, the lever 78 abuts against the pull rope 75. When the lever 78 is no longer in contact with the abutting lever 77, the lever 78 is reset by the elastic force of the return spring. After the lever 78 is reset, it is no longer in contact with the pull rope 75. When the pull rope 75 drives the pulley 74 to rotate, the contact part between the pull rope 75 and the pulley 74 can be pressed tightly onto the pulley 74 by multiple levers 78. This prevents the pull rope 75 from slipping on the pulley 74 after long-term use, which would aggravate the wear of the pull rope 75 and the pulley 74 and affect the service life.
[0023] Furthermore, two rotating seats 79 are fixedly installed on the inner wall of the column 4. Two cleaning cylinders 710 are rotatably connected to the inner walls of the two rotating seats 79. The inner walls of the cleaning cylinders 710 are provided with multiple bristles. Two pull ropes 75 pass through the two cleaning cylinders 710 respectively. During the movement, the two pull ropes 75 come into contact with the multiple bristles in the two cleaning cylinders 710 respectively. The multiple bristles in the two cleaning cylinders 710 clean the surface of the two pull ropes 75, thereby maintaining the cleanliness of the surface of the pull ropes 75 and preventing the surface of the pull ropes 75 from becoming slippery due to the accumulation of oil, mud and dust after long-term use.
[0024] Furthermore, a gear 711 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cleaning cylinder 710, and a slider 712 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the column 4. A rack 713 is fixedly connected to the slider 712, and the rack 713 meshes with two gears 711. A slanted wheel 715 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of one of the rotating shafts 73. Two protrusions 714 are fixedly connected to the slider 712, and the slanted wheel 715 is located between the two protrusions 714. When the slanted wheel 715 rotates, it can drive the slider 712 to move back and forth through the two protrusions 714. When the slider 712 moves back and forth, it drives the two gears 711 to rotate back and forth through the rack 713. The two gears 711 drive the two cleaning cylinders 710 to rotate back and forth respectively. The cleaning cylinder 710 can increase the contact area between its internal bristles and the pull rope 75 through the back and forth rotation, thereby improving the cleaning effect.
[0025] In addition, two hydraulic cylinders 61 are installed on the inner wall of the slide ram 6. The output ends of the two hydraulic cylinders 61 are respectively fixedly connected to the pull rods 62. The ends of the two pull rods 62 away from the hydraulic cylinders 61 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slide ram 6. When the slide ram 6 extends, the self-weight of the extended part of the slide ram 6 causes the stress in the extended part to change, resulting in a large tensile stress in the upper part of the extended part of the slide ram 6. This stress varies with the extension distance. The two hydraulic cylinders 61 are controlled by a digital servo electro-hydraulic proportional valve. When the slide ram 6 extends or retracts, as the slide ram 6 moves, the digital servo electro-hydraulic proportional valve controls the pressure of the hydraulic cylinders 61 to continuously increase or decrease. This causes the two hydraulic cylinders 61 to apply pressure or tension to the inner wall of the slide ram 6 through the two pull rods 62, thereby balancing the stress inside the slide ram 6 and achieving the effect of stress compensation. This prevents the stress in the extended part of the slide ram 6 from causing deformation at the end of the slide ram 6, which would affect the working accuracy.
[0026] In addition, an accessory compensation oil chamber 63 is installed inside the connection between the spindle box 5 and the slide 6. The accessory compensation oil chamber 63 contacts the bottom of the slide 6. After the accessory is installed at the front end of the slide 6, the accessory has a certain weight, which increases the weight of the accessory in the balance force system of the slide 6. The accessory compensation oil chamber 63 is controlled by a solenoid valve. After the accessory is installed, the solenoid valve controls the oil chamber to increase the pressure, so that the accessory compensation oil chamber 63 applies pressure to the bottom of the end of the slide 6, thereby balancing the weight of the accessory at the end of the slide 6 and the additional torque.
[0027] It is worth noting that the chip blocking assembly 8 is used to shield and collect debris. The chip blocking assembly 8 includes an elastic plate 81, which is fixedly installed on the slide 6. The elastic plate 81 is made of elastic material. The milling spindle 64 passes through the elastic plate 81. A collection box 82 is fixedly installed on the spindle box 5. The collection box 82 is located below the elastic plate 81. The elastic plate 81 can intercept splashing debris and prevent debris from entering the connection between the slide 6 and the spindle box 5, which would cause damage to the inside of the connection between the slide 6 and the spindle box 5 and thus affect the transmission accuracy.
[0028] It is worth noting that two abutment plates 83 are fixedly installed on the side of the elastic plate 81 near the spindle box 5, and two arc-shaped blocks 84 are fixedly installed on the column 4. When the two abutment plates 83 move, they contact the two arc-shaped blocks 84 respectively. When the two abutment plates 83 contact the two arc-shaped blocks 84, the two abutment plates 83 cause the elastic plate 81 to bend. When the elastic plate 81 bends, it can promote the falling of the debris attached to its surface. A row of vibrating plates 85, which are made of elastic material, are fixedly installed on the abutment plate 83. A lever 86 is fixedly installed on the arc block 84. When the two rows of vibrating plates 85 move, they contact the two levers 86 respectively. After the vibrating plates 85 contact the levers 86, they can vibrate, so that the two rows of vibrating plates 85 can drive the elastic plate 81 to vibrate through the two abutment plates 83. This causes the elastic plate 81 to shake off the debris attached to it through bending and vibration. The debris falls into the collection box 82 for collection, which avoids the increase of cleaning work for operators due to the large amount of debris attached to the surface of the elastic plate 81 after long-term use.
[0029] With the above structure, the working principle of this case is as follows: a transmission component is provided between the slide block 3 and the slide rail 2, a transmission component is provided between the column 4 and the spindle box 5, and a transmission component is provided between the slide block 6 and the spindle box 5. The column 4 can move left and right, the slide block 6 can move up and down, and the slide block 6 can move back and forth, thereby realizing the three-axis movement of the slide block 6 and the milling spindle 64 and the boring spindle 65 above it. The boring spindle 65 can extend and retract within the milling spindle 64, thereby performing boring and milling operations.
[0030] When the spindle box 5 moves upward, it drives the counterweight 71 upward through the cooperation of two ropes 75 and four pulleys 74. When the spindle box 5 moves downward, the counterweight 71 moves downward by gravity, keeping the two ropes 75 taut. The cooperation between the counterweight 71 and the spindle box 5 helps to keep the center of gravity of the column 4 relatively stable, preventing the column 4 from tilting or swaying due to the constant change in the center of gravity during movement, thus affecting the working accuracy. When the pulleys 74 rotate, they drive a set of pressure rods 78 to rotate. During the rotation, the pressure rods 78 come into contact with the abutment rods 77. When the pressure rods 78 come into contact with the abutment rods 77, the pressure rods 78 slide along the surface of the abutment rods 77, so that the pressure rods 78 are resisted. The contact rod 77 swings towards the pull rope 75 due to the counter-force of the contact rod 77. After swinging, the pressure rod 78 abuts against the pull rope 75. When the pressure rod 78 is no longer in contact with the contact rod 77, it resets due to the elastic force of the return spring. After resetting, the pressure rod 78 does not contact the pull rope 75. During the rotation of the pulley 74, multiple pressure rods 78 next to the contact point between the pull rope 75 and the pulley 74 maintain contact with the contact rod 77 and the pull rope 75. This ensures that when a part of the pull rope 75 is in contact with the pulley 74, the multiple pressure rods 78 can press the pull rope 75 tightly, thus preventing the pull rope 75 from slipping on the pulley 74. When a part of the pull rope 75 is about to disengage from the pulley 74, the pressure rod 78 at that position resets. Tightening the pull rope 75 again does not affect its disengagement from the pulley 74. Therefore, when the pull rope 75 drives the pulley 74 to rotate, the contact area between the pull rope 75 and the pulley 74 can be pressed firmly onto the pulley 74 by multiple pressure rods 78. This prevents the pull rope 75 from slipping on the pulley 74 after prolonged use, which would accelerate wear and reduce its service life. During operation, the two pull ropes 75 come into contact with multiple bristles in the two cleaning cylinders 710. These bristles clean the surface of the two pull ropes 75, maintaining its cleanliness and preventing the accumulation of oil, sludge, and dust on its surface after prolonged use. When slippage occurs, the rotation of pulley 74 drives the rotation of the shaft 73 connected to it. When the shaft 73, which is connected to the inclined wheel 715, rotates, it drives the inclined wheel 715 to rotate. When the inclined wheel 715 rotates, its edge contacts the two protrusions 714, so that when the inclined wheel 715 rotates, it drives the slider 712 to move back and forth through the two protrusions 714. When the slider 712 moves back and forth, it drives the two gears 711 to rotate back and forth through the rack 713. The two gears 711 drive the two cleaning cylinders 710 to rotate back and forth. The cleaning cylinders 710 increase the contact area between their internal bristles and the pull rope 75 through the back and forth rotation, thereby improving the cleaning effect.
[0031] When the slide ram 6 extends, the self-weight of the extended part of the slide ram 6 causes a change in the stress of the extended part, resulting in a large tensile stress in the upper part of the extended part of the slide ram 6. This stress varies with the extension distance. The two hydraulic cylinders 61 are controlled by a digital servo electro-hydraulic proportional valve. When the slide ram 6 extends or retracts, as the slide ram 6 moves, the pressure of the hydraulic cylinders 61 controlled by the digital servo electro-hydraulic proportional valve continuously increases or decreases. This causes the two hydraulic cylinders 61 to apply pressure or tension to the inner wall of the slide ram 6 through the two tie rods 62, thereby balancing the stress inside the slide ram 6 and achieving the effect of stress compensation. This prevents the stress in the extended part of the slide ram 6 from causing deformation at the end of the slide ram 6, which would affect the working accuracy. After the accessory is installed at the front end of the slide ram 6, the accessory has a certain weight, which increases the weight of the accessory in the balancing force system of the slide ram 6. The accessory compensation oil chamber 63 is controlled by a solenoid valve. After the accessory is installed, the solenoid valve controls the oil chamber to increase the pressure, so that the accessory compensation oil chamber 63 applies pressure to the bottom of the end of the slide ram 6, thereby balancing the weight of the accessory at the end of the slide ram 6 and the additional torque.
[0032] During operation, the elastic plate 81 intercepts flying debris, preventing it from entering the connection between the slide 6 and the spindle box 5, thus avoiding damage to the connection and affecting transmission accuracy. The slide 6 moves the elastic plate 81 synchronously, and the spindle box 5 moves the collection box 82 synchronously. After operation, the slide 6 retracts into the spindle box 5, at which point the elastic plate 81 is above the collection box 82. The spindle box 5 moves down to its reset position after operation, and the elastic plate 81 moves down accordingly. During the downward movement of the elastic plate 81, the two contact plates 83 above it contact the two curved blocks 84. Because the elastic plate 81 is made of elastic material, when the two contact plates 83 contact the two curved blocks 84... When touched, the two contact plates 83 cause the elastic plate 81 to bend. When the elastic plate 81 bends, it can promote the falling of the debris attached to its surface. At the same time as the two contact plates 83 contact the two arc blocks 84, the two rows of vibrating plates 85 contact the two levers 86. The vibrating plates 85 are made of elastic material. After the vibrating plates 85 contact the levers 86, they can vibrate, so that the two rows of vibrating plates 85 can drive the elastic plate 81 to vibrate through the two contact plates 83. This causes the elastic plate 81 to shake off the debris attached to it through bending and vibration. The debris falls into the collection box 82 for collection, avoiding the increase of cleaning work for operators due to the large amount of debris attached to the surface of the elastic plate 81 after long-term use.
[0033] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A milling and boring machine with a constant pressure hydrostatic guide rail and a compensation mechanism, characterized in that, include: A bed (1) is provided with a slide rail (2) and a worktable (9). A slide block (3) is slidably connected to the slide rail (2). A column (4) is fixedly connected to the slide block (3). A spindle box (5) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the column (4). A ram (6) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the spindle box (5). A milling spindle (64) is rotatably mounted on the ram (6). A boring spindle (65) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the milling spindle (64). Compensation component (7) is used to compensate for the center of gravity when the column (4) moves; The chip shielding assembly (8) is used to shield and collect debris; The compensation component (7) includes a counterweight (71) which is slidably connected inside the column (4). Two pull ropes (75) are fixedly connected between the counterweight (71) and the spindle box (5). Two pairs of mounting brackets (72) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the column (4). A rotating shaft (73) is rotatably connected to each of the two pairs of mounting brackets (72). Two pulleys (74) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating shaft (73).
2. The milling and boring machine with constant pressure hydrostatic guide rail and compensation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two shafts (73) are located above the counterweight (71) and the main shaft box (5), respectively. One of the pull ropes (75) rests on two pulleys (74) near the front of the column (4), and the other pull rope (75) rests on two pulleys (74) near the rear of the column (4).
3. A milling and boring machine with a constant pressure hydrostatic guide rail and compensation mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A mounting rod (76) is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (72), and an abutment rod (77) is fixedly connected to the mounting rod (76). A set of pressure rods (78) is hinged to the pulley (74). The multiple pressure rods (78) in the same set are arranged in a circular array. A return spring is provided at the hinge point between the pressure rod (78) and the pulley (74). When the four sets of pressure rods (78) move, they contact the four abutment rods (77) respectively. When the pressure rods (78) move, they contact the pull rope (75).
4. A milling and boring machine with a constant pressure hydrostatic guide rail and compensation mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner wall of the column (4) is fixedly installed with two rotating seats (79), and the inner walls of the two rotating seats (79) are rotatably connected to two cleaning cylinders (710). The inner wall of the cleaning cylinder (710) is provided with multiple bristles, and the two pull ropes (75) pass through the two cleaning cylinders (710) respectively.
5. A milling and boring machine with a constant pressure hydrostatic guide rail and a compensation mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer wall of the cleaning cylinder (710) is fixedly connected to a gear (711), the inner wall of the column (4) is slidably connected to a slider (712), a rack (713) is fixedly connected to the slider (712), the rack (713) meshes with two gears (711), one of the rotating shafts (73) is fixedly connected to a slanted wheel (715), two protrusions (714) are fixedly connected to the slider (712), and the slanted wheel (715) is located between the two protrusions (714).
6. A milling and boring machine with a constant pressure hydrostatic guide rail and a compensation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two hydraulic cylinders (61) are installed on the inner wall of the slide (6). The output ends of the two hydraulic cylinders (61) are respectively fixedly connected to the pull rods (62). The ends of the two pull rods (62) away from the hydraulic cylinders (61) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the slide (6).
7. A milling and boring machine with a constant pressure hydrostatic guide rail and compensation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: An accessory compensation oil chamber (63) is installed inside the connection between the spindle box (5) and the slide (6), and the accessory compensation oil chamber (63) is in contact with the bottom of the slide (6).
8. A milling and boring machine with a constant pressure hydrostatic guide rail and a compensation mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chip-blocking assembly (8) includes an elastic plate (81), which is fixedly mounted on the slide block (6). The milling shaft (64) passes through the elastic plate (81). A collection box (82) is fixedly mounted on the spindle box (5), which is located below the elastic plate (81).
9. A milling and boring machine with a constant pressure hydrostatic guide rail and a compensation mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: Two abutment plates (83) are fixedly installed on the side of the elastic plate (81) near the spindle box (5). Two arc blocks (84) are fixedly installed on the column (4). The two abutment plates (83) contact the two arc blocks (84) respectively when moving. A row of vibrating plates (85) is fixedly installed on the abutment plate (83). A lever (86) is fixedly installed on the arc block (84). The two rows of vibrating plates (85) contact the two levers (86) respectively when moving.