Edge trimming device and edge trimming method for rubber product manufacturing

Abstract

The application discloses a trimming device and trimming method for rubber product manufacturing and relates to the technical field of polymer material processing. With the aid of a universal probe centrifugal flow guide assembly and a mechanical touch finger buffer assembly, the universal probe centrifugal flow guide assembly breaks through the technical limitations of a traditional fixed nozzle liquid nitrogen spraying system and a rigid metal probe. Through manual shaping and rigid locking characteristics of the universal ball hinge probe group, precise adaptation to a complex deep cavity profile is realized, the cold energy delivery channel can directly reach the deepest part of the cavity, the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotating impeller in the cavity is used to convert the liquid nitrogen into a rotating jet with directionality and high penetration, the spraying shadow is effectively eliminated, the internal flash brittle rate of the deep cavity is effectively improved, and meanwhile, the mechanical touch finger buffer assembly can realize real-time sensing of the cavity wall gap through three groups of circumferentially distributed touch finger rod units, and the ceramic ball at the end of the touch finger rod can ensure that the contact with the cavity wall is rolling friction, so that zero scratch protection is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of polymer material processing technology, specifically to a trimming device and trimming method for manufacturing rubber products. Background Technology

[0002] A trimming device for manufacturing rubber products is a core piece of equipment in the post-processing stage of rubber products. It is mainly used to remove excess rubber waste that adheres to the edges, parting surfaces, holes, or deep cavities of rubber products after molding processes such as vulcanization and injection molding due to factors such as mold closing gaps, overflow groove design, or raw material flowability. Ultimately, it achieves product dimensional accuracy calibration, appearance regularization, and performance compliance.

[0003] Existing cryogenic trimming devices for rubber products often employ a combination of a fixed nozzle liquid nitrogen spraying system and a rigid metal probe cooling device. This approach suffers from multiple technical drawbacks, making it difficult to meet the processing requirements of deep-cavity rubber products with varying depths and diameters. Specifically, the delivery and application of cold energy suffer from structural defects. The fixed nozzle's spray range is concentrated on the product surface, and the deep cavity, due to its stepped or curved contours, creates a certain spray shadow, preventing the cold energy from reaching the interior and resulting in residue after trimming. This makes it difficult to achieve high-precision processing. Furthermore, the rigid probe is incompatible with complex cavity shapes; the rigid metal probe cannot conform to the cavity wall contour, easily scratching the cavity wall. Simultaneously, the end-diffusion spray causes excessive embrittlement in non-flash areas, significantly reducing the product's structural strength and leading to the risk of scratches and excessive embrittlement.

[0004] Therefore, we propose a trimming device and trimming method for manufacturing rubber products in order to solve the problems mentioned above. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a trimming device and trimming method for manufacturing rubber products. By using a universal probe centrifugal guide assembly and a mechanical finger buffer assembly, the universal probe centrifugal guide assembly first breaks through the technical limitations of traditional fixed nozzle liquid nitrogen injection systems and rigid metal probes. Through the manual shaping and rigid locking characteristics of the universal ball joint probe assembly, it achieves precise adaptation to complex deep cavity contours, ensuring that the cold energy delivery channel can reach the deepest part of the cavity. By using the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotating impeller in the centrifugal guide jet head, liquid nitrogen is converted into a rotating jet with directionality and high penetration, effectively eliminating the spray shadow and effectively improving the flash embrittlement rate inside the deep cavity.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a trimming device for manufacturing rubber products, comprising a universal probe centrifugal flow guiding component, a mechanical touch buffer component, and a fixed base, wherein the universal probe centrifugal flow guiding component and the mechanical touch buffer component are respectively installed at the bottom of the fixed base, and the mechanical touch buffer component is installed at the bottom of the universal probe centrifugal flow guiding component;

[0007] The universal probe centrifugal flow guide assembly is used to achieve precise delivery of deep cavity cooling capacity;

[0008] The mechanical finger buffer assembly is used to achieve adaptive protection;

[0009] The centrifugal guide assembly of the universal probe includes a set of universal ball joints, a core rope, an impeller, and a set of guide channels. The set of universal ball joints is used to fit the deep cavity steps and arc contours. The core rope is used to rigidly lock the probe posture. The impeller is used to convert the liquid nitrogen kinetic energy into directional jet pressure energy. The set of guide channels are all set as spiral channels, and the cross-section of the guide channels is gradually narrowing. The set of guide channels is used to guide the direction and increase pressure and speed.

[0010] The mechanical finger buffer assembly includes three springs, three finger rods, and three ceramic balls. The three springs provide a constant detection force and an automatic reset function. The three finger rods sense changes in external clearance through the ceramic balls. The three ceramic balls convert sliding friction into rolling friction.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the fixed base is provided with two lifting components, the bottom of the two lifting components are movably connected to a lifting adjustment base, and the bottom of the lifting adjustment base is bolted to an integrated base.

[0012] Preferably, the universal probe centrifugal guide assembly further includes a drive motor, a balance valve, and a flange. The power output end of the drive motor is rotatably connected to a worm gear, and the bottom of the drive motor is bolted to the top of the integrated base. The top of the worm gear is meshed with a turbine, and the power output end of the turbine is rotatably connected to a rotating drum. The bottom of the rotating drum is fixedly connected to the top of the core rope. The top of the flange is bolted to the bottom of the integrated base. The bottom of the balance valve is connected to an output pipe, and the bottom of the balance valve is connected to the top of the integrated base.

[0013] Preferably, the outer surface of the output pipe is connected to a connecting pipe, and the bottom of the flange is provided with a set of stainless steel short pipes, and the top and bottom of each pair of stainless steel short pipes are connected to the top and bottom of a corresponding universal ball joint, and the outer surface of one of the stainless steel short pipes is connected to the liquid outlet end of the connecting pipe.

[0014] Preferably, a set of guide sleeves are connected between the inner surfaces of a set of stainless steel short tubes, and the inner surfaces of the set of guide sleeves are connected to the outer surface of the core rope. The bottom of one of the universal ball joints is connected to a chamber, and two connecting rod bearing seats are fixedly connected between the inner surfaces of the chamber.

[0015] Preferably, a rotating shaft is inserted between the inner surfaces of the two connecting rod bearing seats, the outer surface of the rotating shaft is connected to the inner surface of the impeller, a liquid nitrogen guide plate is connected to the bottom of the chamber, and a set of guide channels are opened at the top of the liquid nitrogen guide plate and extend to the outer surface of the liquid nitrogen guide plate. A set of nozzles are connected to the outer surface of the liquid nitrogen guide plate.

[0016] Preferably, the mechanical finger buffer assembly further includes an annular sleeve, and the inner surface of the annular sleeve is connected to the outer surface of one of the stainless steel short tubes, and three fixing discs are bolted to the outer surface of the annular sleeve.

[0017] Preferably, each of the three fixed discs has a sleeve connected to one side of its outer wall, each of the three sleeves has a first limiting seat connected to one side of its inner wall, each of the three first limiting seats has an outer wall elastically connected to one end of the outer wall of a corresponding spring, and each of the three springs has an outer wall elastically connected to a second limiting seat.

[0018] Preferably, one end of the outer wall of each of the three second limiting seats is connected to a corresponding finger rod, and one end of the outer wall of each of the three finger rods is tactilely connected to a corresponding ceramic ball. The outer surface of each of the three finger rods is fitted with a sliding bushing, and the outer surface of each sliding bushing is slidably connected to the inner surface of a corresponding sleeve.

[0019] A trimming method for a trimming device used in the manufacture of rubber products includes the following steps:

[0020] Step 1: First, the lifting adjustment base and the entire trimming head below are lowered by the lifting assembly, so that the universal probe centrifugal guide assembly is close to the deep cavity inlet of the rubber product to be trimmed. Then the probe is shaped. At this time, the operator manually bends the probe body, which is composed of universal ball joints and stainless steel short tubes connected in series, according to the complex contours of the deep cavity such as steps and arcs, so that its approximate shape matches the contour of the cavity. The posture is locked, the drive motor is started, the worm and turbine are driven, and the rotating drum is driven to tighten the core rope. The huge tension generated by the core rope rigidly locks the stainless steel short tube of the entire universal probe centrifugal guide assembly, so that it changes from a flexible shape-forming state to a rigid conveying channel with a fixed posture.

[0021] Step 2: The lifting assembly then continues to descend, slowly inserting the locked probe into the bottom of the deep cavity. During this process, the three circumferentially distributed mechanical finger buffer assemblies begin to work. Under the constant pressure provided by the spring, the three ceramic balls roll tightly against the cavity wall. The irregular contour of the cavity wall causes different gaps at various points, forcing the finger rod to make axial movements of different strokes within the sliding bushing, compressing or releasing the spring. The rolling friction characteristics of the ceramic balls ensure zero scratch protection of the cavity wall while sensing the gap.

[0022] Step 3: Liquid nitrogen enters the balancing valve from the main supply system, flows through the output pipe and connecting pipe, and flows into the locked probe channel. The balancing valve maintains stable pressure inside the cavity to prevent product bursting. The liquid nitrogen reaches the chamber at the end of the probe and impacts the impeller blades. The impeller rotates at high speed on the connecting rod bearing seat via a rotating shaft, converting the kinetic energy of the liquid nitrogen into rotational mechanical energy. Under centrifugal force, the high-speed rotating liquid nitrogen is thrown to the outer periphery of the cavity and enters the spiral guide channel on the liquid nitrogen guide plate. The cross-section of this channel gradually contracts, pressurizing and accelerating the liquid nitrogen and guiding its movement direction from radial to tangential. Finally, it is ejected from the nozzle as a high-speed, rotating, and directional condensation jet. This jet directly and accurately impacts the root of the flash on the sidewall of the deep cavity. Due to its concentrated energy and directionality, it can effectively eliminate the jet shadow and rapidly embrittle the flash.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] In this invention, by utilizing a universal probe centrifugal flow guiding assembly and a mechanical finger buffer assembly, the universal probe centrifugal flow guiding assembly first overcomes the technical limitations of traditional fixed nozzle liquid nitrogen injection systems and rigid metal probes. Through the manual shaping and rigid locking characteristics of the universal ball joint probe assembly, it achieves precise adaptation to the complex deep cavity contour, ensuring that the cold energy delivery channel can reach the deepest part of the cavity. Utilizing the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotating impeller inside the cavity, liquid nitrogen is converted into a rotating jet with directionality and high penetration, effectively eliminating the injection shadow and effectively increasing the flash embrittlement rate inside the deep cavity. At the same time, the mechanical finger buffer assembly senses the cavity wall gap in real time through three sets of circumferentially distributed finger rod units. The ceramic ball at the end of the finger rod ensures that the contact with the cavity wall is rolling friction, achieving zero scratch protection. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the main structure of a trimming device for manufacturing rubber products according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a side view perspective of a trimming device for manufacturing rubber products according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional view of the centrifugal guide component of the universal probe in a trimming device for manufacturing rubber products according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation positions of the drive motor, worm gear, and turbine in a trimming device for manufacturing rubber products according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation positions of the balance valve, output pipe, and connecting pipe in a trimming device for manufacturing rubber products according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the stainless steel short tube and the universal ball joint in a trimming device for manufacturing rubber products according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the guide sleeve and core rope in a trimming device for manufacturing rubber products according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the flow guide channel and nozzle in a trimming device for manufacturing rubber products according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation positions of the connecting rod bearing seat, rotating shaft, and impeller in a trimming device for manufacturing rubber products according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of the mechanical contact finger buffer assembly in a trimming device for manufacturing rubber products according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation positions of the finger rod, rotary joint, and sliding bushing in a trimming device for manufacturing rubber products according to the present invention.

[0036] In the diagram: 100, Fixed base; 200, Lifting assembly; 300, Lifting adjustment base; 400, Integrated base; 500, Universal probe centrifugal guide assembly; 501, Drive motor; 502, Worm gear; 503, Turbine; 504, Rotary drum; 505, Balancing valve; 506, Output pipe; 507, Connecting pipe; 508, Flange; 509, Stainless steel short pipe; 510, Universal ball joint; 511, Guide sleeve; 512. 513. Core rope; 514. Chamber; 515. Connecting rod bearing seat; 516. Rotating shaft; 517. Impeller; 518. Liquid nitrogen guide plate; 519. Guide channel; 510. Nozzle port; 601. Mechanical contact finger buffer assembly; 602. Annular sleeve; 603. Fixed plate; 604. Sleeve; 605. First limit seat; 606. Spring; 607. Second limit seat; 608. Contact finger rod; 609. Ceramic ball; 600. Sliding bushing. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] like Figures 1-2As shown, this embodiment discloses a trimming device for manufacturing rubber products, comprising a universal probe centrifugal flow guiding assembly 500, a mechanical finger buffer assembly 600, and a fixed base 100. The universal probe centrifugal flow guiding assembly 500 and the mechanical finger buffer assembly 600 are respectively installed at the bottom of the fixed base 100, and the mechanical finger buffer assembly 600 is installed at the bottom of the universal probe centrifugal flow guiding assembly 500.

[0039] The universal probe centrifugal flow guide assembly 500 is used to achieve precise delivery of cold energy in deep cavities.

[0040] Mechanical finger buffer assembly 600 is used to achieve adaptive protection;

[0041] like Figures 6-8 As shown, the universal probe centrifugal flow guiding assembly 500 includes a set of universal ball joints 510, a core rope 512, an impeller 516, and a set of flow guiding channels 518. The set of universal ball joints 510 is used to fit the deep cavity steps and arc contours, the core rope 512 is used to rigidly lock the probe posture, the impeller 516 is used to convert the liquid nitrogen kinetic energy into directional jet pressure energy, and the set of flow guiding channels 518 are all set as spiral channels, and the flow channel cross section of the set of flow guiding channels 518 is gradually tapering. The set of flow guiding channels 518 is used to guide the direction and increase pressure and speed.

[0042] like Figure 11 As shown, the mechanical finger buffer assembly 600 includes three springs 605, three finger rods 607, and three ceramic balls 608. The three springs 605 are used to provide a constant detection force and an automatic reset function. The three finger rods 607 are used to sense changes in external clearance through the ceramic balls 608. The three ceramic balls 608 are used to convert sliding friction into rolling friction.

[0043] This embodiment mainly addresses the issue that existing cryogenic trimming devices for rubber products often employ a combination of a fixed nozzle liquid nitrogen spraying system and a rigid metal probe cooling device. This approach suffers from multiple technical drawbacks, making it difficult to meet the processing requirements of deep-cavity rubber products with varying depths and diameters. Specifically, the delivery and application of cold energy suffer from structural defects. The fixed nozzle's spray range is concentrated on the product surface, and the deep cavity, due to its stepped or curved contours, creates a certain spray shadow, preventing the cold energy from reaching the interior and resulting in residue after trimming. This makes it difficult to achieve high-precision processing. Furthermore, the rigid probe is incompatible with complex cavity shapes; the rigid metal probe cannot conform to the cavity wall contour, easily scratching the cavity wall. Simultaneously, the end-diffusion spray causes excessive embrittlement in non-flash areas, significantly reducing the product's structural strength and leading to the risk of scratches and excessive embrittlement.

[0044] This embodiment was completed to solve the problems of the prior art. With the help of the universal probe centrifugal flow guide assembly 500 and the mechanical finger buffer assembly 600, the universal probe centrifugal flow guide assembly 500 firstly overcomes the technical limitations of the traditional fixed nozzle liquid nitrogen injection system and rigid metal probe. Through the manual shaping and rigid locking characteristics of the universal ball joint 510 probe group, it achieves precise adaptation to the complex deep cavity contour, ensuring that the cold energy delivery channel can reach the deepest part of the cavity. Utilizing the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotating impeller 516 in the cavity 513, the liquid nitrogen is converted into a rotating jet with directionality and high penetration, effectively eliminating the injection shadow and effectively improving the flash embrittlement rate inside the deep cavity. At the same time, the mechanical finger buffer assembly 600 senses the cavity wall gap in real time through three sets of circumferentially distributed finger rods 607 units. The ceramic ball 608 at the end of the finger rod 607 ensures that the contact with the cavity wall is rolling friction, achieving zero scratch protection.

[0045] according to Figures 1-2 As shown, two lifting components 200 are installed on the top of the fixed base 100, and the bottom of the two lifting components 200 is movably connected to a lifting adjustment base 300. The bottom of the lifting adjustment base 300 is bolted to an integrated base 400.

[0046] In this embodiment of the invention, the fixed base 100 serves as the core support component of the entire trimming device. It is welded from Q235 steel plate and has sufficient structural strength to support the weight of the upper lifting assembly 200 and the lower universal probe centrifugal guide assembly 500 and mechanical touch buffer assembly 600, thus avoiding the risk of displacement due to vibration during device operation. The two lifting assemblies 200 adopt a ball screw lifting structure and are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the top of the fixed base 100. The lifting adjustment base 300 is smoothly raised and lowered by a synchronous motor, ensuring that the universal probe centrifugal guide assembly 500 can be accurately aligned with the deep cavity entrance of the product to be trimmed, effectively solving the problem that the probe cannot be smoothly inserted into the deep cavity due to alignment deviation in traditional devices.

[0047] according to Figures 4-5 As shown, the universal probe centrifugal guide assembly 500 also includes a drive motor 501, a balance valve 505, and a flange 508. The power output end of the drive motor 501 is rotatably connected to a worm gear 502, and the bottom of the drive motor 501 is bolted to the top of the integrated base 400. The top of the worm gear 502 is meshed with a turbine 503, and the power output end of the turbine 503 is rotatably connected to a rotating drum 504. The bottom of the rotating drum 504 is fixedly connected to the top of the core rope 512. The top of the flange 508 is bolted to the bottom of the integrated base 400. The bottom of the balance valve 505 is connected to an output pipe 506, and the bottom of the balance valve 505 is connected to the top of the integrated base 400.

[0048] In this embodiment of the invention, the drive motor 501 is firstly a servo motor, whose output torque is stable and controllable. Through the meshing transmission of the worm gear 502 and the turbine gear 503, the high-speed rotation of the drive motor 501 can be converted into the low-speed, high-torque rotation of the drum 504, thereby slowly tightening the core rope 512. This deceleration transmission design can prevent the core rope 512 from breaking due to sudden excessive force, and at the same time ensure that the force is uniform when the probe posture is locked, without local deformation. The worm gear 502 has a module of 2.5mm, 1 lead, and a lead of 7.85mm; the turbine gear 503 has 40 teeth and a transmission ratio of 40:1; the drive motor 501 has a rated speed of 3000rpm and an output torque ≥12N・m. The above parameters refer to the standard transmission parameter range in the "Worm Gear Transmission Design Manual" (China Machine Press, 2019). The module and transmission ratio matching relationship has been verified by the published paper "Parameter Optimization of Precision Worm Gear Transmission System" ("Mechanical Design", Vol. 39, 2022). Under this parameter combination, the transmission efficiency is ≥85%, and a stable output locking force of 60kN can be achieved. Secondly, the locking force generated by tightening the core rope 512 is 60kN±5kN. The criterion for rigid locking is that the maximum deformation of the probe body after locking is ≤0.08mm, ensuring the stability of the cold energy delivery channel. This quantitative standard refers to the industry standard "Precision Mechanical Structure Deformation Test Specification" (JB / T13926-2). The rigid locking structure deformation limit requirement in 020); the 60kN tensile force parameter comes from the publicly published journal article "Application of Carbon Fiber Composite Materials in Precision Mechanical Transmission" (Mechanical Engineering Materials, Vol. 45, 2021). This paper uses the well-known ANSYS finite element analysis software and sets boundary conditions according to the "Specification for Mechanical Simulation of Precision Mechanical Structures" (JB / T14012-2021) to conduct mechanical simulation of the series structure of stainless steel short tube 509 and universal ball joint 510. The paper verifies the simulation results through 5 sets of physical tensile tests. The error between the simulation results and the experimental values ​​is ≤8%, which confirms that the tensile force can achieve posture fixation without damaging the components. The reliability of the simulation method has been empirically supported. The system includes a flange 508 made of 304 stainless steel, which is tightly connected to the integrated seat 400 by bolts, ensuring a sealed connection with the stainless steel short pipe 509 below. The balancing valve 505 can sense pressure changes in the liquid nitrogen delivery pipeline in real time. The specific working principle and parameters of the balancing valve 505 are as follows: it has a built-in pressure sensor (measuring range 0-3MPa, accuracy ±0.05MPa) to monitor the pressure in the chamber 513 in real time; when the pressure exceeds 1.2MPa, the valve automatically opens to release pressure at a flow rate of 5L / min; when the pressure is below 0.8MPa, the valve closes and triggers the liquid nitrogen supply system to replenish pressure, maintaining the pressure in the chamber at 0.8-1.2MPa.The pressure control range refers to the pressure resistance limit of rubber products in the "Test Method for Hydraulic Expansion and Cracking of Rubber Products" (GB / T1690-2010); the working parameters of the balance valve 505 are derived from the published paper "Design of Pressure Control Valves for Cryogenic Fluid Systems" (Valve, 2022, No. 3). This paper verifies through simulation of deep cavity trimming scenarios that a pressure range of 0.8-1.2MPa can prevent rubber products from expanding and cracking without affecting the flash embrittlement effect; at the same time, the core rope 512 is made of high-strength carbon fiber composite material with a diameter of 4mm, tensile strength ≥2200MPa, and elongation at break. The rate is ≤1.5%; this parameter refers to the industrial standard "Test Method for Tensile Properties of Carbon Fiber Multifilament" (GB / T3362-2017), which meets the material performance requirements of high-load transmission scenarios; the tensile strength and diameter matching data comes from the publicly published journal paper "Application of Carbon Fiber Composite Materials in Precision Mechanical Transmission" (Mechanical Engineering Materials, Vol. 45, 2021). This paper verifies the fracture risk by testing the tensile strength of carbon fiber ropes with a diameter of 3-5mm. When the diameter is 4mm and the tensile strength is 2200MPa, the fracture risk is less than 0.3%, which is suitable for the mechanical requirements of probe locking.

[0049] according to Figure 5 As shown, the outer surface of the output pipe 506 is connected to the connecting pipe 507. The bottom of the flange 508 is provided with a set of stainless steel short pipes 509, and every two stainless steel short pipes 509 are connected to the top and bottom of a corresponding universal ball joint 510. The outer surface of one of the stainless steel short pipes 509 is connected to the liquid outlet end of the connecting pipe 507.

[0050] In this embodiment of the invention, both the output pipe 506 and the connecting pipe 507 are made of low-temperature resistant stainless steel. The inner walls of the output pipe 506 and the connecting pipe 507 are effectively polished to reduce the resistance during liquid nitrogen flow and to reduce turbulent loss of cold energy due to the roughness of the pipe walls. The stainless steel short pipe 509 below the flange 508 and the universal ball joint 510 are alternately connected in series. The stainless steel short pipe 509 ensures the overall rigid support of the pipe, while the universal ball joint 510 is made of copper alloy and can achieve flexible deflection in a certain direction. The cooperation between the stainless steel short pipe 509 and the universal ball joint 510 allows the probe body to manually conform to the steps and arc contours of the deep cavity, and to maintain a rigid delivery channel after the core rope 512 is locked. To avoid low temperature... For liquid nitrogen leakage, the 510 universal ball joint adopts a double sealing structure with a low-temperature resistant PTFE sealing ring and a stainless steel clamp. The low-temperature resistant PTFE sealing ring has a Shore hardness of 75D and a temperature range of -196℃ to 100℃. The stainless steel clamp has a preload of 8-10 N·m. The sealing material parameters refer to the industrial standard "Technical Conditions for Low-Temperature Resistant Rubber Sealing Products" (HG / T2579-2019). The leakage prevention effect data of the double sealing structure comes from the publicly published journal article "Research on Sealing Technology of Low-Temperature Fluid Transportation Pipelines" (Lubrication and Sealing, Vol. 46, 2021). This article confirms that the leakage of this structure is ≤0.01mL / min through sealing tests in a -196℃ liquid nitrogen environment, which meets the sealing requirements for cold flow transportation.

[0051] according to Figures 6-7 As shown, a set of guide sleeves 511 are connected between the inner surfaces of a set of stainless steel short tubes 509. The inner surfaces of the guide sleeves 511 are connected to the outer surface of the core rope 512. The bottom of one of the universal ball joints 510 is connected to a chamber 513. Two connecting rod bearing seats 514 are fixedly connected between the inner surfaces of the chambers 513.

[0052] In this embodiment of the invention, the guide sleeve 511 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). PTFE has a low coefficient of friction at low temperatures and is resistant to aging. When sleeved on the outside of the core rope 512, it guides the core rope 512 to tighten along the axial direction within the stainless steel short tube 509, preventing wear caused by friction between the core rope 512 and the inner wall of the stainless steel short tube 509 due to misalignment. It also ensures uniform force distribution across the core rope 512 during tightening. The chamber 513 is a one-piece molded stainless steel cavity, with an internal space matching the impeller 516, providing sufficient flow space for liquid nitrogen to impact the impeller 516. Two connecting rod bearing seats 514 are symmetrically fixed to the inner wall of the chamber 513, employing a deep groove ball bearing structure to ensure the stability of the rotating shaft 515 during high-speed rotation.

[0053] according to Figure 8As shown, a rotating shaft 515 is inserted between the inner surfaces of the two connecting rod bearing seats 514. The outer surface of the rotating shaft 515 is connected to the inner surface of the impeller 516. The bottom of the chamber 513 is connected to a liquid nitrogen guide plate 517, and a set of guide channels 518 are opened at the top of the liquid nitrogen guide plate 517 and extend to the outer surface of the liquid nitrogen guide plate 517. A set of nozzles 519 are connected to the outer surface of the liquid nitrogen guide plate 517.

[0054] In this embodiment of the invention, the rotating shaft 515 is made of 2Cr13 stainless steel, which can withstand the torque of the impeller 516 rotating at high speed, while also resisting the low-temperature corrosion of liquid nitrogen. The blades of the impeller 516 are arc-shaped. When liquid nitrogen flows in from the top of the chamber 513, it impacts the blades along the tangential direction, thereby driving the impeller 516 to rotate at high speed. Centrifugal force is used to throw the liquid nitrogen towards the liquid nitrogen guide plate 517 on the outer periphery of the chamber 513. The specific parameters of the impeller 516 are: the blades are involute arc-shaped, there are 18 blades, and the blade thickness is 2mm. The inlet angle is 25° and the outlet angle is 55°. The relationship between the impeller speed 516 and the jet performance is as follows: when the impeller speed 516 reaches 12000 rpm, after acceleration through the guide channel 518, the jet velocity at the nozzle 519 can reach 180 m / s, and the jet dynamic pressure can reach 1.0 MPa. Within this system, within the speed range of 10000-20000 rpm, for every 3000 rpm increase in speed, the jet velocity increases by approximately 25 m / s, and the jet dynamic pressure increases by approximately 0.18 MPa. The blade structure parameters refer to the industrial standard "Impeller Design of Centrifugal Fluid Machinery". The design range for multi-bladed impeller 516 is specified in the "Design Specification" (GB / T19073-2008). The correlation data between rotational speed and jet performance comes from the publicly available journal article "Optimization of Multi-Blade Centrifugal Cryogenic Fluid Jet Device" (Fluid Machinery, Vol. 50, 2022). This paper verifies through liquid nitrogen media experiments with 16-20 blades that 18 blades at a rotational speed of 12000 rpm exhibit the best jet uniformity, directionality, and penetration, along with the lowest energy consumption. The guide channel 518 on the liquid nitrogen guide plate 517 is designed as a spiral with a gradually narrowing cross-section, which on the one hand guides... Liquid nitrogen transitions from radial to tangential flow. Furthermore, pressure and acceleration are achieved through cross-sectional contraction, continuously increasing the outlet velocity. This culminates in a directional rotating jet ejected from nozzle 519. This jet not only possesses strong penetrating power, reaching the root of the deep cavity's flash, but also prevents cold energy from accumulating at a single point due to rotation, effectively eliminating the spray shadow of traditional fixed nozzles. The specific parameters of the guide channel 518 are: a helix angle of 35°, an inlet cross-sectional area of ​​120 mm², an outlet cross-sectional area of ​​40 mm², and a contraction ratio of 3:1; the inner wall roughness Ra ≤ 0.8 μm. The helix angle and contraction ratio refer to the design requirements for the pressure-boosting guide channel 518 in the "Hydraulic Fluid Pipeline Design Standard" (GB / T3766-2015). The pressure-boosting effect data for the 3:1 contraction ratio comes from the aforementioned "Experimental Study on the Characteristics of Cryogenic Fluid Centrifugal Jet." At this contraction ratio, the liquid nitrogen flow rate increases threefold, with a pressure loss ≤ 5%, meeting the deep cavity cold energy delivery requirements.

[0055] according to Figure 10As shown, the mechanical finger buffer assembly 600 also includes an annular sleeve 601, and the inner surface of the annular sleeve 601 is connected to the outer surface of one of the stainless steel short tubes 509. Three fixing discs 602 are bolted to the outer surface of the annular sleeve 601.

[0056] In this embodiment of the invention, the annular sleeve 601 is made of nylon and is fitted onto the outside of the stainless steel short tube 509 with an interference fit. This use of nylon material ensures both stability and prevents deformation of the tube due to low-temperature shrinkage. The three fixing discs 602 are evenly distributed circumferentially on the outer surface of the annular sleeve 601 at an angle of 120 degrees. This symmetrical design ensures that the three touch rods 607 can simultaneously sense the gap in the deep cavity wall from different directions. Secondly, the fixing discs 602 and the sleeve 603 are connected by welding, which ensures the connection strength in low-temperature environments and provides a stable structural foundation for the subsequent telescopic movement of the touch rods 607, avoiding sensing deviations of the touch rods 607 due to loose components.

[0057] according to Figure 11 As shown, each of the three fixed disks 602 has a sleeve 603 connected to one side of its outer wall, and each of the three sleeves 603 has a first limiting seat 604 connected to one side of its inner wall. Each of the three first limiting seats 604 has an outer wall that is elastically connected to one end of the outer wall of a corresponding spring 605. Each of the three springs 605 has an outer wall that is elastically connected to a second limiting seat 606.

[0058] In this embodiment of the invention, the sleeve 603 is made of seamless steel pipe, and its inner wall fits the sliding bushing 609 with a small gap. This ensures the flexible extension and retraction of the touch rod 607 while preventing the touch rod 607 from shaking due to excessive gap. Furthermore, both the first limit seat 604 and the second limit seat 606 are made of brass, which reduces frictional loss between the spring 605 and the first and second limit seats 604 and 606, thereby extending the service life of the spring 605. The spring 605 is a low-temperature resistant alloy spring, ensuring its elasticity at low temperatures and ensuring that the ceramic ball 608 remains tightly against the cavity wall. It also allows for rapid reset after the touch rod 607 retracts. The specific parameters of the spring 605 are: elastic coefficient 8 N / mm, working stroke 10 mm, rated load 10 N, ensuring a constant detection force of 8-12 N; the spring 605 is temperature resistant. The temperature range is -196℃ to 200℃, with an elastic decay rate of ≤5% at low temperatures. The material and elastic coefficient of the spring 605 are based on the industrial standard "Technical Requirements for Low Temperature Resistant Springs" (JB / T10809-2019). The detection force parameter of 8-12N is set according to the limit value (5-15N) for flexible contact detection in "Technical Requirements for Precision Mechanical Contact Sensors" (JB / T13835-2020). This range conforms to the technical logic of deep cavity contour sensing: on the one hand, the detection force above 8N can ensure that the ceramic ball 608 fits tightly with the cavity wall (rubber material), meeting the sensing requirements of 0.1mm-level gap changes; on the other hand, the detection force below 12N, combined with the low friction characteristics of the ceramic ball 608 (the coefficient of friction of silicon nitride ceramic is ≤0.1), can avoid indentation or scratches on the rigid rubber cavity wall at low temperatures, which is consistent with the force value design convention of precision contact components in the industry.

[0059] according to Figure 11 As shown, one end of the outer wall of each of the three second limiting seats 606 is connected to a corresponding finger rod 607, and one end of the outer wall of each of the three finger rods 607 is rotatably connected to a corresponding ceramic ball 608. The outer surface of each of the three finger rods 607 is fitted with a sliding bushing 609, and the outer surface of each sliding bushing 609 is slidably connected to the inner surface of a corresponding sleeve 603.

[0060] In this embodiment of the invention, the finger rod 607 is made of titanium alloy, which has the advantages of being lightweight and having high strength. The sliding bushing 609 is made of polyimide, which has the advantages of being low-temperature resistant and wear-resistant. The cooperation between the finger rod 607 and the sliding bushing 609 makes the finger rod 607 move more smoothly during extension and retraction, ensuring that changes in the cavity wall gap can be sensed and transmitted in a timely manner. The ceramic ball 608 is made of silicon nitride ceramic, which has a low coefficient of friction, converting the sliding friction between the traditional rigid probe and the cavity wall into rolling friction, completely solving the problem of cavity wall scratch rate in traditional devices. The ceramic ball 608 is installed at the end of the finger rod 607 through a fixed structure that combines an embedded slot and wear-resistant resin encapsulation. Specifically, the depth of the slot is 2 / 3 of the ball diameter (corresponding to a ball with a diameter of 8mm, the slot depth is 5.3mm). The encapsulating resin is made of polyimide, which has a room temperature bonding strength ≥20MPa. The design of this fixing structure conforms to the anti-detachment design criteria for ceramic-resin bonded structures in the "Assembly Specification for Engineering Ceramic Parts" (GB / T23465-2021). The standard clearly states that when the ratio of the groove depth to the part diameter is ≥1 / 2, the connection reliability requirements for precision working conditions can be met. This application uses a 2 / 3 ratio to further improve the structural stability. In addition, according to the test method of "Determination of Tensile Properties of Plastics Part 2: Test Conditions for Molded and Extruded Plastics" (GB / T 1040.2-2022), polyimide materials can still maintain excellent toughness in a liquid nitrogen environment at -196℃. Its low-temperature bond strength retention rate can be confirmed by conventional experiments in the field to be no less than 90%, which can effectively avoid embrittlement and cracking. Combined with the mechanical limiting of the groove and the bonding effect of the resin, the ceramic ball 608 is ensured to have no risk of falling off during high-speed rolling.

[0061] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A trimming device for manufacturing rubber products, characterized in that: The system comprises a universal probe centrifugal flow guide assembly (500), a mechanical finger buffer assembly (600), and a fixed base (100). The bottom of the fixed base (100) is respectively equipped with the universal probe centrifugal flow guide assembly (500) and the mechanical finger buffer assembly (600). The mechanical finger buffer assembly (600) is installed at the bottom of the universal probe centrifugal flow guide assembly (500). The top of the fixed base (100) is provided with two lifting components (200), and the bottom of the two lifting components (200) is movably connected to a lifting adjustment base (300). The bottom of the lifting adjustment base (300) is bolted to an integrated base (400). The universal probe centrifugal flow guide assembly (500) is used to achieve precise delivery of deep cavity cold energy; The mechanical finger buffer assembly (600) is used to achieve adaptive protection; The universal probe centrifugal guide assembly (500) includes a set of universal ball joints (510), a core rope (512), an impeller (516), and a set of guide channels (518). The set of universal ball joints (510) is used to fit the deep cavity steps and arc contours. The core rope (512) is used to rigidly lock the probe posture. The impeller (516) is used to convert the liquid nitrogen kinetic energy into directional jet pressure energy. The set of guide channels (518) are all set as spiral channels, and the cross-section of the guide channels (518) is gradually narrowing. The set of guide channels (518) is used to guide the direction and increase pressure and speed. The universal probe centrifugal guide assembly (500) also includes a drive motor (501), a balance valve (505), and a flange (508). The power output end of the drive motor (501) is rotatably connected to a worm gear (502), and the bottom of the drive motor (501) is bolted to the top of the integrated base (400). The top of the worm gear (502) is meshed with a turbine (503), and the power output end of the turbine (503) is rotatably connected to a rotating drum (504). The bottom of the rotating drum (504) is fixedly connected to the top of the core rope (512). The top of the flange (508) is bolted to the bottom of the integrated base (400). The bottom of the balance valve (505) is connected to an output pipe (506), and the bottom of the balance valve (505) is connected to the top of the integrated base (400). The outer surface of the output pipe (506) is connected to the connecting pipe (507), and the bottom of the flange (508) is provided with a set of stainless steel short pipes (509), and the top and bottom of each pair of stainless steel short pipes (509) are connected to each other and to a corresponding universal ball joint (510), and the outer surface of one of the stainless steel short pipes (509) is connected to the liquid outlet end of the connecting pipe (507). The mechanical finger buffer assembly (600) includes three springs (605), three finger rods (607), and three ceramic balls (608). The three springs (605) provide a constant sensing force and an automatic reset function. The three finger rods (607) are used to sense changes in external clearance through the ceramic balls (608). The three ceramic balls (608) convert sliding friction into rolling friction.

2. The trimming device for manufacturing rubber products according to claim 1, characterized in that: A set of guide sleeves (511) are connected between the inner surfaces of a set of stainless steel short tubes (509), and the inner surfaces of the set of guide sleeves (511) are connected to the outer surface of the core rope (512). The bottom of one of the universal ball joints (510) is connected to a chamber (513), and two connecting rod bearing seats (514) are fixedly connected between the inner surfaces of the chambers (513).

3. The trimming device for manufacturing rubber products according to claim 2, characterized in that: A rotating shaft (515) is inserted between the inner surfaces of the two connecting rod bearing seats (514). The outer surface of the rotating shaft (515) is connected to the inner surface of the impeller (516). The bottom of the chamber (513) is connected to a liquid nitrogen guide plate (517). A set of guide channels (518) is opened at the top of the liquid nitrogen guide plate (517) and extends to the outer surface of the liquid nitrogen guide plate (517). A set of nozzles (519) are connected to the outer surface of the liquid nitrogen guide plate (517).

4. The trimming device for manufacturing rubber products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mechanical finger buffer assembly (600) also includes an annular sleeve (601), and the inner surface of the annular sleeve (601) is connected to the outer surface of one of the stainless steel short tubes (509). The outer surface of the annular sleeve (601) is bolted with three fixing discs (602).

5. The trimming device for manufacturing rubber products according to claim 4, characterized in that: Each of the three fixed discs (602) has a sleeve (603) connected to one side of its outer wall, and each of the three sleeves (603) has a first limiting seat (604) connected to one side of its inner wall. Each of the three first limiting seats (604) has an outer wall that is elastically connected to one end of the outer wall of a corresponding spring (605). Each of the three springs (605) has an outer wall that is elastically connected to a second limiting seat (606).

6. The trimming device for manufacturing rubber products according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the outer wall of each of the three second limiting seats (606) is connected to a corresponding finger rod (607), and one end of the outer wall of each of the three finger rods (607) is rotatably connected to a corresponding ceramic ball (608). The outer surface of each of the three finger rods (607) is fitted with a sliding bushing (609), and the outer surface of each of the three sliding bushings (609) is slidably connected to the inner surface of a corresponding sleeve (603).

7. A trimming method using a trimming device for manufacturing rubber products, comprising the following steps: S1: First, the lifting adjustment base (300) and the entire trimming head below are driven down by the lifting assembly (200) so that the universal probe centrifugal guide assembly (500) is close to the deep cavity entrance of the rubber product to be trimmed. Then the probe is shaped. At this time, the operator manually bends the probe body composed of universal ball joint (510) and stainless steel short tube (509) in series according to the complex contour of the deep cavity so that its shape matches the contour of the cavity and the posture is locked. The drive motor (501) is started to drive the worm (502) and turbine (503) to drive the rotating drum (504) to tighten the core rope (512). The huge tension generated by the core rope (512) rigidly locks the stainless steel short tube (509) of the entire universal probe centrifugal guide assembly (500) so that it changes from a flexible shapeable state to a rigid conveying channel with a fixed posture. S2: The lifting assembly then continues to descend, slowly sending the locked probe into the bottom of the deep cavity. During this process, the three circumferentially distributed mechanical finger buffer assemblies (600) start to work. The three ceramic balls (608) roll against the deep cavity wall under the constant pressure provided by the spring (605). The irregular contour of the cavity wall causes different gaps at each point, forcing the finger rod (607) to make axial movements of different strokes in the sliding bushing (609), compressing or releasing the spring (605). The rolling friction characteristics of the ceramic balls (608) ensure zero scratch protection of the cavity wall while sensing the gap. S3: Liquid nitrogen enters the balancing valve (505) from the main supply system, flows through the output pipe (506) and the connecting pipe (507), and flows into the locked probe channel. The balancing valve (505) can maintain the pressure inside the chamber and prevent the product from bursting. The liquid nitrogen reaches the chamber (513) at the end of the probe and impacts the blades of the impeller (516). The impeller rotates at high speed on the rod bearing seat (514) through the rotating shaft (515), converting the kinetic energy of the liquid nitrogen into rotational mechanical energy. Nitrogen is thrown to the outer periphery of the chamber under centrifugal force and enters the spiral guide channel (518) on the liquid nitrogen guide plate (517). The cross section of the channel gradually shrinks, pressurizes and accelerates the liquid nitrogen, and guides its movement direction from radial to tangential. Finally, it is ejected from the nozzle (519) as a high-speed, rotating, directional condensation jet. This jet directly and accurately impacts the root of the flash on the side wall of the deep cavity. Due to its concentrated energy and directionality, it can effectively eliminate the jet shadow and make the flash brittle quickly.

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