Electrostatic dust collection ash conveying monitoring device and control system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrostatic dust collection, in particular to an electrostatic dust collection ash conveying monitoring device and a control system. The at least two ash hoppers are mounted on the upper side of the ash conveying assembly; the material level sensors are mounted on the corresponding ash hoppers and are used for monitoring material level changes in the ash conveying process; the pressure sensor is mounted on the ash conveying assembly and is used for monitoring the conveying pressure on the ash conveying assembly; the flow sensor is installed on the side, away from the pressure sensor, of the ash conveying assembly, and the flow meter is mainly used for monitoring the speed, concentration and flow parameters of coal ash in the ash conveying assembly; the whole process of work of the ash conveying assembly is monitored through common monitoring of the material level sensor and the pressure sensor. Based on the electrostatic coupling capacitance sensing technology, electrostatic and capacitance signals of an ash conveying pipeline are synchronously obtained in a single sensor, ash flow speed, concentration and flow parameters are calculated through a fusion algorithm, and the technical problem of gas-solid two-phase flow multi-parameter separation measurement is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of electrostatic dust removal, and in particular to an electrostatic dust removal ash conveying monitoring device and control system. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, research on flexible operation technology for coal-fired power plants is very active both domestically and internationally, reflecting a pressing need in China's construction of a new power system primarily based on new energy sources. Under flexible operation of coal-fired units, the load varies, directly leading to variations in the ash removal capacity of electrostatic precipitators (ESPs). Currently, ESP ash conveying systems all use pneumatic conveying to transport the coal ash removed by the ESP to the ash silo. However, due to a lack of reliable monitoring methods, current ash conveying systems are generally program-controlled, primarily based on fixed-time settings. To ensure a proper match between conveying output and ash volume, manual adjustment of conveying parameters is required, resulting in a low level of intelligence in the ash conveying system's operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Given that existing electrostatic precipitator (ESP) ash conveying systems all use pneumatic conveying to transport the coal ash removed by the ESP to the ash silo, but due to the lack of reliable monitoring methods, current ash conveying systems are generally controlled by programmable logic controllers, primarily based on fixed time settings. To ensure that the conveying output matches the ash volume, manual adjustment of conveying parameters is required, resulting in a low level of intelligence in the ash conveying system operation. Therefore, this invention is proposed.

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of this invention is to provide an electrostatic dust removal and ash conveying monitoring device.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an electrostatic precipitator ash conveying monitoring device, comprising,

[0006] Ash conveying components;

[0007] At least two ash hoppers are installed on the upper side of the ash conveying assembly;

[0008] A level sensor is installed on the corresponding ash hopper to monitor changes in the ash level during the ash conveying process;

[0009] A pressure sensor, installed on the ash conveying assembly, monitors the conveying pressure on the ash conveying assembly; and,

[0010] A flow sensor is installed on the side of the ash conveying assembly away from the pressure sensor. The flow sensor is mainly used to monitor the velocity, concentration and flow rate of coal ash in the ash conveying assembly.

[0011] The entire operation of the ash conveying assembly is monitored through the combined monitoring of the material level sensor and the pressure sensor.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the electrostatic dust removal and ash conveying monitoring device of the present invention, the ash conveying component includes an ash conveying pipe, an air source is installed at one end of the ash conveying pipe, the air source transmits gas in the ash conveying pipe, an air inlet valve is installed on one side of the air source, the air inlet valve controls the entry of the air source, and an ash silo is installed at the other end of the ash conveying pipe, through which dust in the ash conveying pipe is blown into the ash silo for collection.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the electrostatic dust removal and ash conveying monitoring device of the present invention, the material level sensor is provided with a first excitation electrode and a first detection electrode connected to each other.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the electrostatic dust removal and ash conveying monitoring device of the present invention, the entire first detection electrode is divided into three segments, each of which is electrically connected to the first excitation electrode.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the electrostatic dust removal and ash conveying monitoring device of the present invention, the pressure sensor includes an outermost shield, and the shield contains an insulating ring.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the electrostatic dust removal and ash conveying monitoring device of the present invention, the shielding cover is provided with four insulating rings, which divides the monitoring position of the sensor into a first pressure detection electrode, an insulating ring, a first pressure excitation electrode, a protection electrode, and a second pressure detection electrode.

[0017] An electrostatic precipitator ash conveying monitoring and control system includes an electrostatic precipitator ash conveying monitoring device, comprising,

[0018] The data detected by the level sensor and pressure sensor are converted into signals and transmitted to the control unit.

[0019] The system process includes optimizing the cycle setting time and air intake, modifying and debugging the on-site control logic, and experimentally verifying and improving the system's monitoring performance.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the electrostatic dust removal and ash conveying monitoring and control system of the present invention, the monitoring data of the material level sensor is used to perform multi-channel capacitor rapid switching through a switching array, a capacitor voltage conversion module and an amplitude conversion module.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the electrostatic dust removal and ash conveying monitoring and control system of the present invention, the working state of the capacitance sensor corresponding to each electrode is determined by the magnitude of the capacitance value, thereby realizing the online correction of the empty and full capacitance value of the sensor and ensuring the accuracy of the material level measurement.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the electrostatic dust removal and ash conveying monitoring and control system of the present invention, the material level measurement system is integrated based on the array-type capacitive sensor structure design, multi-channel capacitance detection development and material level online correction algorithm, a material level measurement system prototype is developed, and the performance of the measurement system is evaluated in the laboratory.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Calibration-free continuous measurement of ash hopper levels is achieved through an array-type capacitive sensor. Multi-electrode cross-calibration dynamically corrects the empty / full capacitance threshold, completely eliminating measurement errors caused by fluctuations in the dielectric constant of coal ash, thus overcoming the industry bottleneck of traditional level gauges relying on manual calibration. Simultaneously, based on electrostatic coupling capacitive sensing technology, electrostatic and capacitive signals from the ash conveying pipeline are simultaneously acquired within a single sensor. A fusion algorithm is used to calculate ash flow velocity, concentration, and flow rate parameters in real time, solving the technical challenge of multi-parameter separation measurement in gas-solid two-phase flow. Combining the above monitoring data, an intelligent control strategy for the ash conveying system is constructed, dynamically optimizing the ash conveying cycle and air intake, significantly reducing compressed air energy consumption, and accurately predicting ash blockage / leakage faults. Ultimately, a closed-loop system from the sensing layer to the control layer is formed, significantly reducing maintenance costs while improving measurement reliability, providing a safe, efficient, and economical ash conveying solution for coal-fired power plants. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an electrostatic dust removal and ash conveying monitoring device according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the material level sensor of an electrostatic dust removal and ash conveying monitoring device according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pressure sensor in an electrostatic dust removal and ash conveying monitoring device according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of multi-channel capacitance detection in an electrostatic dust removal and ash conveying monitoring and control system according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of signal detection in an electrostatic dust removal and ash conveying monitoring and control system according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the information processing of an electrostatic dust removal and ash conveying monitoring and control system according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the ash conveying operation control of an electrostatic dust removal and ash conveying monitoring and control system according to the present invention.

[0032] Reference numerals: 1. Ash conveying assembly; 11. Ash conveying pipeline; 12. Air source; 13. Air inlet valve; 14. Ash silo; 2. Ash hopper; 3. Material level sensor; 31. First excitation electrode; 32. First detection electrode; 4. Pressure sensor; 41. Shielding cover; 42. First pressure detection electrode; 43. Insulating ring; 44. First pressure excitation electrode; 45. Protective electrode; 46. Second pressure detection electrode; 5. Flow sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0035] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single embodiment or an embodiment selectively excluded from other embodiments.

[0036] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagrams. When detailing the embodiments of the present invention, for ease of explanation, the cross-sectional views illustrating the device structure may be partially enlarged, not according to the usual scale. Furthermore, the schematic diagrams are merely examples and should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, actual fabrication should include the three-dimensional spatial dimensions of length, width, and depth.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 3According to one embodiment of the present invention, an electrostatic precipitator ash conveying monitoring device is provided. This device includes an ash conveying component 1; ash hoppers 2, at least two ash hoppers 2 are installed on the upper side of the ash conveying component 1; a material level sensor 3 is installed on the corresponding ash hopper 2 to monitor the material level change during the ash conveying process; a pressure sensor 4 is installed on the ash conveying component 1 to monitor the conveying pressure on the ash conveying component 1; and a flow sensor 5 is installed on the side of the ash conveying component 1 away from the pressure sensor 4. The flow sensor 5 is mainly used to monitor the velocity, concentration and flow rate parameters of coal ash in the ash conveying component 1; the entire operation of the ash conveying component 1 is monitored through the joint monitoring of the material level sensor 3 and the pressure sensor 4.

[0039] The ash conveying assembly 1 includes an ash conveying pipe 11. An air source 12 is installed at one end of the ash conveying pipe 11. The air source 12 transmits gas into the ash conveying pipe 11. An air inlet valve 13 is installed on one side of the air source 12. The air inlet valve 13 controls the entry of the air source 12. An ash silo 14 is installed at the other end of the ash conveying pipe 11. The ash in the ash conveying pipe 11 is blown into the ash silo 14 by the air source 12 for collection.

[0040] The material level sensor 3 is equipped with a first excitation electrode 31 and a first detection electrode 32 connected to each other.

[0041] Specifically, the entire first detection electrode 32 is divided into three segments, each of which is electrically connected to the first excitation electrode 31.

[0042] The pressure sensor 4 includes an outermost shield, which contains an insulating ring 43.

[0043] Furthermore, four insulating rings 43 are provided inside the shielding cover, which divides the monitoring position of the sensor into a first pressure detection electrode 42, an insulating ring 43, a first pressure excitation electrode 44, a protection electrode 45, and a second pressure detection electrode 46.

[0044] During operation, when the air source 12 is started and compressed air is injected into the ash conveying pipeline 11 through the air inlet valve 13, the level sensor 3 installed on the ash hopper 2, through the synergistic action of the segmented first detection electrode 32 and the first excitation electrode 31, captures in real time the capacitance signal fluctuations caused by the change in the dielectric constant of the coal ash, and uses multi-electrode cross-verification to dynamically correct the empty / full material threshold, realizing calibration-free continuous level monitoring; at the same time, the gas-solid mixture in the ash conveying pipeline 11 is conveyed to the ash silo 14 under the drive of compressed air. At this time, the pressure sensor 4, through the composite structure of the first pressure detection electrode 42, the first pressure excitation electrode 44 and the protection electrode 45 separated by multiple insulating rings 43 in the shielding cover, accurately senses the pressure changes in the pipeline and suppresses electromagnetic interference; synchronous operation The flow sensor 5 collects ash flow velocity, concentration, and flow parameters based on the electrostatic coupling principle. The above-mentioned material level, pressure, and flow data are transmitted to the control system in real time. When the material level sensor 3 detects that the ash accumulation in the ash hopper 2 reaches the threshold, the system automatically triggers the ash conveying command and links the air inlet valve 13 to adjust the pressure of the air source 12. The real-time feedback of the conveying pressure data from the pressure sensor 4 and the multi-parameter monitoring results from the flow sensor 5 form a closed-loop verification. Once an abnormal increase in pressure is detected, it indicates ash blockage, or a sudden drop in flow indicates ash leakage. An early warning is immediately triggered, and the ash conveying cycle and air intake are dynamically optimized until the coal ash is safely conveyed to the ash silo 14 through the ash conveying pipeline 11 under the continuous push of the air source 12, thus completing the intelligent closed-loop control of the entire process from material level monitoring, pressure regulation to flow verification.

[0045] Example 2

[0046] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 7 The second embodiment of the present invention provides an electrostatic dust removal and ash conveying monitoring and control system, which specifically includes converting data detected by a level sensor and a pressure sensor into signals and transmitting them to a control unit; optimizing and controlling the cycle setting time, air intake, etc. in the system process; modifying and debugging the on-site control logic; and experimentally verifying and improving the monitoring performance of the system.

[0047] Specifically, the monitoring data from the level sensor is used to quickly switch between multiple channels of capacitors by switching an array of switches, a capacitor voltage conversion module, and an amplitude conversion module.

[0048] Furthermore, the working status of the capacitance sensor corresponding to each electrode is determined by the capacitance value, thereby realizing online correction of the empty and full capacitance values ​​of the sensor and ensuring the accuracy of material level measurement.

[0049] Furthermore, based on the design of the array-type capacitive sensor structure, the development of multi-channel capacitance detection, and the online level correction algorithm, an integrated design of the level measurement system was carried out, a prototype of the level measurement system was developed, and the performance of the measurement system was evaluated in the laboratory.

[0050] Furthermore, the data monitored by the pressure and temperature sensors are analyzed using computer simulation modeling and the finite element method to determine the impact of sensor structural parameters on electrostatic and capacitive sensing characteristics. Corresponding signal detection circuit schemes are designed to obtain electrostatic and capacitive information within the same sensitive space at the same time.

[0051] Among them, an algorithm for fusing capacitance and electrostatic information was studied to obtain parameters such as particle velocity and concentration. By comprehensively considering the signal-to-noise ratio and availability of electrostatic and capacitive signals, and combining cross-correlation algorithms to fuse electrostatic and capacitive signals, particle velocity and concentration parameters are calculated, ensuring the reliability and accuracy of measurement results. Array-type capacitive sensors enable calibration-free continuous measurement of ash hopper levels. Multi-electrode cross-calibration dynamically corrects empty / full capacitance thresholds, completely eliminating measurement errors caused by fluctuations in the dielectric constant of coal ash, overcoming the industry bottleneck of traditional level gauges relying on manual calibration. Simultaneously, based on electrostatic coupling capacitive sensing technology, electrostatic and capacitive signals from the ash conveying pipeline are simultaneously acquired within a single sensor. A fusion algorithm is used to calculate ash flow velocity, concentration, and flow rate parameters in real time, solving the technical challenge of multi-parameter separation measurement in gas-solid two-phase flow. Combining the above monitoring data, an intelligent control strategy for the ash conveying system is constructed, dynamically optimizing the ash conveying cycle and air intake, significantly reducing compressed air energy consumption, and accurately predicting ash blockage / leakage faults. Ultimately, a closed-loop system from the sensing layer to the control layer is formed, significantly reducing maintenance costs while improving measurement reliability, providing a safe, efficient, and economical ash conveying solution for coal-fired power plants.

[0052] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrostatic precipitator ash conveying monitoring device, characterized in that: include, Ash conveying assembly (1); At least two ash hoppers (2) are installed on the upper side of the ash conveying assembly (1); A level sensor (3) is installed on the corresponding ash hopper (2) to monitor the level change during the ash conveying process; A pressure sensor (4) is installed on the ash conveying assembly (1) to monitor the conveying pressure on the ash conveying assembly (1); as well as, A flow sensor (5) is installed on the side of the ash conveying assembly (1) away from the pressure sensor (4). The flow sensor (5) is mainly used to monitor the speed, concentration and flow parameters of coal ash in the ash conveying assembly (1). The entire operation of the ash conveying assembly (1) is monitored by the combined monitoring of the material level sensor (3) and the pressure sensor (4).

2. The electrostatic precipitator ash conveying monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ash conveying assembly (1) includes an ash conveying pipe (11), one end of which is equipped with an air source (12) for transmitting gas within the ash conveying pipe (11). An air inlet valve (13) is installed on one side of the air source (12) for controlling the entry of the air source (12). An ash silo (14) is installed at the other end of the ash conveying pipe (11) for collecting dust by blowing it into the ash silo (14) through the air source (12).

3. The electrostatic precipitator ash conveying monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The material level sensor (3) is provided with a first excitation electrode (31) and a first detection electrode (32) connected to each other.

4. The electrostatic precipitator ash conveying monitoring device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The entire first detection electrode (32) is divided into three segments, each of which is electrically connected to the first excitation electrode (31).

5. The electrostatic precipitator ash conveying monitoring device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The pressure sensor (4) includes an outermost shield containing an insulating ring (43).

6. The electrostatic precipitator ash conveying monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The shield is provided with four insulating rings (43) so that the monitoring position of the sensor is divided into a first pressure detection electrode (42), an insulating ring (43), a first pressure excitation electrode (44), a protection electrode (45), and a second pressure detection electrode (46).

7. A monitoring and control system for electrostatic precipitator dust conveying, characterized in that: The electrostatic precipitator and ash conveying monitoring device as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 includes, The data detected by the level sensor (3) and pressure sensor (4) are converted into signals and transmitted to the control unit; The system process includes optimizing the cycle setting time and air intake, modifying and debugging the on-site control logic, and experimentally verifying and improving the system's monitoring performance.

8. The electrostatic precipitator ash conveying monitoring and control system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The monitoring data of the material level sensor (3) is used to perform multi-channel capacitor rapid switching through a switching array, capacitor voltage conversion module and amplitude conversion module.

9. The electrostatic precipitator ash conveying monitoring and control system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The working status of the capacitance sensor corresponding to each electrode is determined by the magnitude of the capacitance value, and the online correction of the capacitance value of the sensor when it is empty or full is realized, thereby ensuring the accuracy of material level measurement.

10. The electrostatic precipitator ash conveying monitoring and control system according to claim 9, characterized in that: Based on the design of array-type capacitive sensor structure, the development of multi-channel capacitance detection and online level correction algorithm, we carried out the integrated design of level measurement system, developed a prototype of the level measurement system, and evaluated the performance of the measurement system in the laboratory.

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